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Bernard, a soldier of some renown, continued the work of his predecessors and obtained other districts, including Baden-Hochberg, the ruling family of which died out in 1418. During the 15th century, a war with the [[Frederick I, Elector Palatine|Count Palatine of the Rhine]] deprived the Margrave [[Charles I of Baden|Charles I]] (died 1475) of a part of his territories, but these losses were more than recovered by his son and successor, [[Christoph I, Margrave of Baden-Baden|Christoph I of Baden]] (''illustration, right''). In 1503, the family Baden-Sausenberg became extinct, and the whole of Baden was united by Christophe. In Baden, however, a partitioning occurred that lasted from 1515 to 1771. Moreover, the various parts of Baden were always physically separated one from the other.<ref name="pantel-web.de3" /> The lords of Württemberg were first named in 1092. Supposedly a [[Lord of Virdeberg]] by [[Luxembourg]] had married an heiress of the [[lords of Beutelsbach]]. The new Wirtemberg Castle (castle chapel dedicated in 1083) was the central point of a rule that extended from the [[Neckar]] and [[Rems (river)|Rems]] valleys in all directions over the centuries.<ref name="pantel-web.de3">{{cite web|url=http://www.pantel-web.de/bw_mirror/history/bw304_e.htm|title=History of BW – The Margraviate of Baden and the County of Württemberg at the beginning of the 15th century|access-date=28 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318204204/http://www.pantel-web.de/bw_mirror/history/bw304_e.htm|archive-date=18 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Eberhard I, Count of Württemberg]] opposed, sometimes successfully, three Holy Roman emperors. He doubled the area of his county and transferred his residence from Württemberg Castle to the [[Old Castle (Stuttgart)|"Old Castle"]] in today's city centre of [[Stuttgart]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=857}} His successors were not as prominent, but all added something to the land area of Württemberg. In 1381, the [[Duchy of Teck]] was bought, and marriage to an heiress added [[Montbéliard]] in 1397. The family divided its lands among collateral branches several times but, in 1482, the [[Treaty of Münsingen]] reunited the territory, declared it indivisible, and united it under Count [[Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg|Eberhard V]], called ''im Bart'' (The Bearded). This arrangement received the sanction of the [[Holy Roman Emperor]], [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I]], and of the [[Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)|Imperial Diet]], in 1495.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=857}} Unusually for Germany, from 1457 Württemberg had a [[bicameral]] [[parliament]], the ''[[Landtag]]'', known otherwise as the "diet" or [[Estates of Württemberg|"Estates" of Württemberg]], that had to approve new taxation. In 1477, [[Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg|Eberhard V]] founded the [[University of Tübingen]] and expelled the Jews. At Eberhard's death in 1496, his cousin, Duke [[Eberhard II, Duke of Württemberg|Eberhard II]], succeeded for a short reign of two years, terminated by a [[Deposition (politics)|deposition]]. Eberhard V proved one of the most energetic rulers that Württemberg ever had, and, in 1495, his [[county]] became a [[duchy]]. Eberhard was now Duke [[Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg|Eberhard I]] of [[Duchy of Württemberg|Württemberg]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=857}}{{efn|This type of sovereign royal duke was known in Germany as a ''[[Herzog]]''.}} Württemberg, after the partition from 1442 to 1482, had no further land partitions to endure and remained a relatively closed country. </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/History_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="History of Baden-Württemberg">History of Baden-Württemberg</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Baden-Württemberg">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Baden-Württemberg</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg&action=edit&section=5&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-pzjbs","wgBackendResponseTime":239,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.059","walltime":"0.089","ppvisitednodes":{"value":418,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17740,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6556,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 63.560 1 -total"," 99.88% 63.482 2 Template:Blocked_text"," 37.12% 23.592 1 Template:Colocationwebhost"," 34.65% 22.021 2 Template:Replace"," 33.23% 21.118 1 Template:Hidden"," 13.80% 8.769 1 Template:Hidden_begin"," 13.58% 8.634 1 Template:Tlx"," 2.35% 1.491 1 Template:Hidden_end"," 2.21% 1.405 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake"," 1.84% 1.169 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-email-steward"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.011","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1043351,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-pzjbs","timestamp":"20241124190554","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>