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autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigation utilisateur"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Pax Romana</i></h1> <div class="tagline"> période de paix (du Ier au IIe siècle apr. J.-C.) imposée par l'Empire romain aux régions conquises </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Langue" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Langue</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Pax+Romana&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large 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block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-ebauche"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Romulus_et_Remus_(transparent).png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Romulus_et_Remus_%28transparent%29.png/42px-Romulus_et_Remus_%28transparent%29.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Romulus_et_Remus_%2528transparent%2529.png/63px-Romulus_et_Remus_%2528transparent%2529.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Romulus_et_Remus_%2528transparent%2529.png/84px-Romulus_et_Remus_%2528transparent%2529.png 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="316"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rome antique">Rome antique</a>.</strong></p> <p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment ?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Projet:Accueil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p>La <i><b><span class="lang-la" lang="la">Pax Romana</span></b></i>, littéralement « paix romaine », est un concept historiographique désignant la période de paix relative ayant pris place lors des <abbr class="abbr" title="1ᵉʳ siècle"><span class="romain">I</span><sup style="font-size:72%">er</sup></abbr> et <abbr class="abbr" title="2ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">II</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles de notre ère au sein de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Roman_Empire_Map.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Roman_Empire_Map.png/220px-Roman_Empire_Map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Roman_Empire_Map.png/330px-Roman_Empire_Map.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Roman_Empire_Map.png/440px-Roman_Empire_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="548"></a> <figcaption> Carte de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a> dans sa plus grande extension, en 116 ap. J.-C. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Souvent présentée par l'historiographie comme une extension de la <i>Pax Augusta</i> à l'ensemble des habitants de l'Empire à partir de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flaviens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flaviens">période flavienne</a>, la <i>Pax Romana</i> aurait été imposée par Rome aux régions conquises. Il semble cependant que l'expression, dont le concept n'est pas bien défini, ait été essentiellement utilisée comme synonyme de l’<i>Imperium Romanum,</i> dans une acception territoriale de domination militaire.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Contexte_et_d%C3%A9finition"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Contexte et définition</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89mergence_de_la_Pax_Augusta"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Émergence de la <i>Pax Augusta</i></span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pax_Romana_:_usage_et_limites"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext"><i>Pax Romana</i> : usage et limites</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliographie"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voir_aussi"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Voir aussi</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Contexte_et_définition"><span id="Contexte_et_d.C3.A9finition"></span>Contexte et définition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Contexte et définition" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg/220px-Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2600" data-file-height="2010"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 170px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg/220px-Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="170" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg/330px-Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg/440px-Ara_Pacis_Rom.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ara_Pacis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ara Pacis">Ara Pacis</a></i> (« Autel de la Paix Auguste ») à Rome. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Bien qu'aucune inscription ni monnaie ou aucun document officiel ne la mentionne, la <i>Pax Romana</i> tient une place importante dans l'historiographie traitant de la paix à Rome, qui considère généralement que l’association des deux termes signe l’émergence de l’idéologie impériale<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017158_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017158-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> dont résulterait une période de paix censée avoir pris place lors des <abbr class="abbr" title="1ᵉʳ siècle"><span class="romain">I</span><sup style="font-size:72%">er</sup></abbr> et <abbr class="abbr" title="2ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">II</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècles, imposée par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Empire romain">Empire romain</a> aux régions conquises<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017153_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017153-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Émergence_de_la_Pax_Augusta"><span id=".C3.89mergence_de_la_Pax_Augusta"></span>Émergence de la <i>Pax Augusta</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Émergence de la Pax Augusta" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>À l'issue des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerres_civiles_romaines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerres civiles romaines">guerres civiles</a> qui ont épuisé la société romaine lors du <abbr class="abbr" title="1ᵉʳ siècle"><span class="romain">I</span><sup style="font-size:72%">er</sup></abbr> siècle <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr>, la paix semble devenir un idéal de gouvernement et un outil de légitimation du pouvoir impérial après la prise du pouvoir par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste">Auguste</a>, qui favorise l'émergence d'une <i>Pax Augusta</i> (<i>ou Pax Augusti</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017155_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017155-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ce n'est ainsi pas tant une lassitude des guerres de conquête qu'un dégoût des guerres civiles qui a conduit à valoriser le rôle pacificateur de l'empereur sous les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julio-Claudiens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julio-Claudiens">Julio-Claudiens</a>, puis sous les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flaviens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flaviens">Flaviens</a> et davantage encore sous les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9v%C3%A8res?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sévères">Sévères</a>, dans le but d'unir les différentes composantes de l'Empire sous une idéologie commune<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017155_3-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017155-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La mise en avant explicite de la stabilité apportée par l'empereur reste d'ailleurs un point central dans l'idéologie impériale jusqu'au <abbr class="abbr" title="4ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017156_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017156-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Pax_Romana_:_usage_et_limites"><i>Pax Romana</i> : usage et limites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Pax Romana : usage et limites" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Monnaie_-_Aurelianus,_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien,_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_(2_of_2).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg/220px-Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2478" data-file-height="2478"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 220px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg/220px-Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg/330px-Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg/440px-Monnaie_-_Aurelianus%2C_Carin_et_Num%C3%A9rien%2C_Lyon_-_btv1b113442700_%282_of_2%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Revers d'une monnaie émise sous <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carin">Carin</a>, vers 234 où figure PAX AUGG. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La <i>Pax Romana</i> à proprement parler est souvent présentée comme une suite de la <i>Pax Augusta</i>, concernant les seuls citoyens de Rome, dont elle serait l'élargissement à l'ensemble des habitants de l'Empire à la période Flavienne, bien qu'il s'agisse davantage là d'une reconstruction historiographique qu'une réalité clairement exprimée par les Romains<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017158_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017158-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Il semble en effet que l'usage de l'expression <i>Pax Romana</i>, qui n'apparait que pour quelques occurrences dans la seconde moitié du <abbr class="abbr" title="1ᵉʳ siècle"><span class="romain">I</span><sup style="font-size:72%">er</sup></abbr> siècle chez quelques auteurs pour ne plus jamais réapparaitre ensuite, ne l'ait été que comme un synonyme de l’<i>Imperium Romanum</i>, le mot « <i>pax</i> » jouant chez eux clairement le rôle de synonyme d’« <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imperium?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imperium">imperium</a> »</i> au sens de domination d'un territoire et de sa pacification<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017161_5-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017161-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il s'agit ainsi avant tout de l'idée d'une « paix imposée » aux ennemis par la domination, un concept lié à la maîtrise militaire<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017159_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017159-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Les Romains n’ont ainsi jamais forgé un concept spécifique de <i>Pax Romana</i> qui aurait été plus large que celui de <i>Pax Augusta</i> : au contraire, l'usage abondant de cette dernière expression témoigne que l’empereur, et lui seul, est le garant de la paix dans l’Empire, « raison pour laquelle les documents officiels n’ont cessé de la marteler pendant quatre siècles »<sup id="cite_ref-Badel2017162_7-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Badel2017162-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Badel2017158-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017158_1-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017158_1-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Badel2017">Badel 2017</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 158. </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Badel2017153-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017153_2-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Badel2017">Badel 2017</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 153. </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Badel2017155-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017155_3-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017155_3-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Badel2017">Badel 2017</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 155. </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Badel2017156-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017156_4-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Badel2017">Badel 2017</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 156. </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Badel2017161-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017161_5-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Badel2017">Badel 2017</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 161. </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Badel2017159-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017159_6-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Badel2017">Badel 2017</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 159. </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Badel2017162-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Badel2017162_7-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Romana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Badel2017">Badel 2017</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 162. </span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Badel2023"><span class="ouvrage" id="Christophe_Badel2023">Christophe <span class="nom_auteur">Badel</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Recherche pax romana désespérément</cite> », <i>Kentron. Revue pluridisciplinaire du monde antique</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 38,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-12-31" data-sort-value="2023-12-31">31 décembre 2023</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">153–164</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0765-0590">0765-0590</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://journals.openedition.org/kentron/6926%23ftn7">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-11-18" data-sort-value="2024-11-18">18 novembre 2024</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Recherche+pax+romana+d%C3%A9sesp%C3%A9r%C3%A9ment&rft.jtitle=Kentron.+Revue+pluridisciplinaire+du+monde+antique&rft.issue=38&rft.aulast=Badel&rft.aufirst=Christophe&rft.date=2023-12-31&rft.pages=153%E2%80%93164&rft.issn=0765-0590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APax+Romana"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Rüpke2019"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jörg_Rüpke2019"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_R%C3%BCpke?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jörg Rüpke">Jörg <span class="nom_auteur">Rüpke</span></a>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Peace and war in Rome : A religious construction of warfare</cite>, Franz Steiner Verlag, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Classics », <time>2019</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-3-515-12378-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-3-515-12378-5"><span class="nowrap">978-3-515-12378-5</span></a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://worldcat.org/fr/title/on1127276889">on1127276889</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peace+and+war+in+Rome&rft.pub=Franz+Steiner+Verlag&rft.stitle=A+religious+construction+of+warfare&rft.aulast=R%C3%BCpke&rft.aufirst=J%C3%B6rg&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-3-515-12378-5&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2Fon1127276889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APax+Romana"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Cornwell2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hannah_Cornwell2017"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Hannah <span class="nom_auteur">Cornwell</span>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Pax and the Politics of Peace : Republic to Principate</cite>, Oxford University Press, <time>2017</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-19-184358-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-19-184358-7"><span class="nowrap">978-0-19-184358-7</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pax+and+the+Politics+of+Peace&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.stitle=Republic+to+Principate&rft.aulast=Cornwell&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-19-184358-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APax+Romana"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Goldsworthy2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Adrian_Goldsworthy2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adrian_Goldsworthy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adrian Goldsworthy">Adrian <span class="nom_auteur">Goldsworthy</span></a>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Pax Romana: war, peace, and conquest in the Roman world</cite>, Yale University Press, <time>2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-300-17882-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-300-17882-1"><span class="nowrap">978-0-300-17882-1</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pax+Romana%3A+war%2C+peace%2C+and+conquest+in+the+Roman+world&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.aulast=Goldsworthy&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-300-17882-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APax+Romana"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Hardwick2000"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lorna_Hardwick2000"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Lorna <span class="nom_auteur">Hardwick</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">« Concepts of Peace »</cite>, dans Janet Huskinson (éd.), <cite class="italique" lang="en">Experiencing Rome : Culture, Identity and Power in the Roman Empire</cite>, Routledge, <time>2000</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-4152-1284-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-4152-1284-7"><span class="nowrap">978-0-4152-1284-7</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">335-368</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Experiencing+Rome&rft.atitle=Concepts+of+Peace&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.stitle=Culture%2C+Identity+and+Power+in+the+Roman+Empire&rft.aulast=Hardwick&rft.aufirst=Lorna&rft.date=2000&rft.pages=335-368&rft.isbn=978-0-4152-1284-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APax+Romana"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Duval1997"><span class="ouvrage" id="Paul-Marie_Duval1997"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul-Marie_Duval?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul-Marie Duval">Paul-Marie <span class="nom_auteur">Duval</span></a>, <cite class="italique">La Gaule pendant la paix romaine, <abbr class="abbr" title="1ᵉʳ siècle"><span class="romain">I</span><sup style="font-size:72%">er</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="3ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">III</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle après J.-C.</cite>, Paris, Hachette Littératures, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « La vie quotidienne », <time>1997</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Gaule+pendant+la+paix+romaine%2C+Ier%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%89IIIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle+apr%C3%A8s+J.-C.&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Hachette+Litt%C3%A9ratures&rft.aulast=Duval&rft.aufirst=Paul-Marie&rft.date=1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APax+Romana"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Hinard1993"><span class="ouvrage" id="François_Hinard1993"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hinard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François Hinard">François <span class="nom_auteur">Hinard</span></a>, <cite style="font-style:normal">« Pax romana : Naissance et signification »</cite>, dans Pierre Chaunu (dir.), <cite class="italique">Les fondements de la paix : Des origines au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</cite> (Actes du colloque du Mémorial de Caen et du CRHQ, 27-28 février 1992), Paris, <time>1993</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-1304-5767-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-1304-5767-1"><span class="nowrap">978-2-1304-5767-1</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">63-78</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Les+fondements+de+la+paix&rft.atitle=Pax+romana&rft.place=Paris&rft.stitle=Des+origines+au+d%C3%A9but+du+%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%2218%E1%B5%89+si%C3%A8cle%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22romain%22%3EXVIII%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Csup+style%3D%22font-size%3A72%25%22%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&rft.aulast=Hinard&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.date=1993&rft.pages=63-78&rft.isbn=978-2-1304-5767-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APax+Romana"></span></span></span>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pax Britannica">Pax Britannica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pax_Americana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pax Americana">Pax Americana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9riode_Joseon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Période Joseon">Pax Coreana</a></i></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Janus_(mythologie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Janus (mythologie)">Janus</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rialisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Impérialisme">Impérialisme</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crise_du_troisi%C3%A8me_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Crise du troisième siècle">Crise du troisième siècle</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li> <div class="liste-horizontale"> <span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75207?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/event/Pax-Romana"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Pax_Romana/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%25C3%25A5ng/pax-romana"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de la Rome antique"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/17px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="343"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 17px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/17px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="17" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/26px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg/34px-Vexilloid_of_the_Roman_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rome_antique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Rome antique">Portail de la Rome antique</a></span> • <span class="bandeau-sous-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Rome_antique/Empire_romain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Rome antique/Empire romain">section <b>Empire romain</b></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Paix?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de la paix"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Peace_sign.svg/24px-Peace_sign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 24px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Peace_sign.svg/24px-Peace_sign.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="24" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Peace_sign.svg/36px-Peace_sign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Peace_sign.svg/48px-Peace_sign.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Paix?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Paix">Portail de la paix</a></span> </span></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DPax_Romana%26oldid%3D220419058">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&oldid=220419058</a> ». </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pax_Romana&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="WikiCleanerBot" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1731989759"> <span>Dernière modification le 19 novembre 2024, à 05:15</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A" title="السلام الروماني – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السلام الروماني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_romana" title="Pax romana – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pax romana" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25DA%25A9%25D8%25B3_%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7" title="پاکس رومانا – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پاکس رومانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2594%25D7%25A9%25D7%259C%25D7%2595%25D7%259D_%25D7%2594%25D7%25A8%25D7%2595%25D7%259E%25D7%2590%25D7%2599" title="השלום הרומאי – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השלום הרומאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B8_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="पैक्स रोमाना – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पैक्स रोमाना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_romana" title="Pax romana – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pax romana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%2591%25E3%2582%25AF%25E3%2582%25B9%25E3%2583%25BB%25E3%2583%25AD%25E3%2583%259E%25E3%2583%25BC%25E3%2583%258A" title="パクス・ロマーナ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パクス・ロマーナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25ED%258C%258D%25EC%258A%25A4_%25EB%25A1%259C%25EB%25A7%2588%25EB%2582%2598" title="팍스 로마나 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="팍스 로마나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25A0%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%259E%25E0%25B9%2582%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2599" title="สันติภาพโรมัน – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สันติภาพโรมัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax_Romana" title="Pax Romana – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Pax Romana" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%25C3%25A1i_b%25C3%25ACnh_La_M%25C3%25A3" title="Thái bình La Mã – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thái bình La Mã" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%25BD%2597%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E4%25B8%2596" title="罗马治世 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗马治世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%25BE%2585%25E9%25A6%25AC%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E4%25B8%2596" title="羅馬治世 – chinois littéraire" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="羅馬治世" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chinois littéraire" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25B4-m%25C3%25A1_Th%25C3%25A0i-p%25C3%25AAng" title="Lô-má Thài-pêng – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lô-má Thài-pêng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%25BE%2585%25E9%25A6%25AC%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E4%25B8%2596" title="羅馬治世 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅馬治世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> 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