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Portuguese creole</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Sri Lanka Portuguese creole"> <meta name="keywords" content="Sri Lanka Portuguese creole"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Sri Lanka Portuguese creole"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 493</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Sri Lanka Portuguese creole</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">493</span> Portuguese Baila Verses and Anti-Colonial Subaltern Ideology in Ceylon Coast: A Case Study on Hugh Nevil Manuscripts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achinthya%20Bandara">Achinthya Bandara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Portuguese were the first known European Nation to colonize Ceylon during the early 16th century. When the Portuguese set sail in the late 15th century towards the East and West, they first landed in Pondicherry (Pondicherry), an eastern coastal location of early India and established their trade in the Indian Oceanic regions. Sri Lanka (Ceylon until 1972) made its first contact with the Portuguese just a few years after they anchored in India, the Luso-Sri Lankan contact was initiated and became prominent across the time, even during the later colonial rules, i.e., Dutch and British. Such connections created a Luso-Asian hybrid culture in Ceylon that shared both Sri Lankan and European identities. Portuguese Creole communities were prominent among them as an ethnic group with Portuguese descent interwoven with local traditions and customs, yet outcast by the mainstream Portuguese colonials. Hugh Nevil, a British Civil Servant who served Ceylon in the early 1800s, had collected a considerable amount of such Luso-Asian Literature belonging to Sri Lankan Portuguese creole communities, including 180 Portuguese creole verses sung by the creole communities in Eastern Sri Lanka. Though the collection was studied to uncover literature traits, few or no known studies focused on the anti-colonial subaltern discourse appearing in the shades of this work. It is evident that these verses contain local anti-colonial ideologies that create a platform to place them as elements of Luso-Asian subaltern literature. This research explores how the language and content of these verses contradict the mainstream colonial ideologies we intend to position within a regional anti-colonial subaltern context. As this is part of a long-term research project that translates the whole collection into Sinhalese and Tamil, this study will show evidence from early 1800s verses to suggest how Luso-Asian communities create a unique subaltern linguistic and literary discourse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luso%20Asian%20creoles" title="Luso Asian creoles">Luso Asian creoles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luso%20Asian%20subalterns" title=" Luso Asian subalterns"> Luso Asian subalterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-colonial%20ideologies" title=" anti-colonial ideologies"> anti-colonial ideologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka%20Portuguese%20creole" title=" Sri Lanka Portuguese creole"> Sri Lanka Portuguese creole</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188212/portuguese-baila-verses-and-anti-colonial-subaltern-ideology-in-ceylon-coast-a-case-study-on-hugh-nevil-manuscripts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">34</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">492</span> Phonology and Syntax of Article Incorporation in Mauritian Creole: Evidence from Bantou Languages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Nikiema">Emmanuel Nikiema</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines article incorporation in Mauritian Creole, a French Lexifier Creole which exhibits three forms of article incorporation as illustrated in (1-3). While various analyses of article incorporation have been proposed in the literature, fewer studies have explored the motivation of this widespread phenomenon in Mauritian Creole (MC) as opposed to other French Lexifier Creoles spoken in the Caribbean. For example, Mauritian Creole exhibits 4 times more CV incorporation than Haitian Creole, and 40 times more than Reunion Creole. (1) Consonantal type (C): loraz ‘thunder storm’, lete ‘summer’, zwazo ‘bird’, nide ‘idea’. (2) Syllabic type (CV): lapo ‘skin’, liku ‘neck’, ledo ‘back’, leker ‘heart’, diber ‘butter’. (3) Bi-consonantal (CVC): delo ‘water’, dizef ‘egg’, lizye ‘eye’, dilwil ‘oil’. The goal of this study is twofold: 1) uncover the rules governing the three types of article incorporation in MC, and 2) account for its remarkable occurrence in MC as opposed to its quasi-absence in Reunion Creole. We have collected a corpus of over 700 cases and organized it into three categories (C; CV and CVC). For example, there are 471 examples of CV incorporation in MC against 112 in Haitian Creole and only 12 in Reunion Creole. Two questions can be raised: 1) what is the motivation and distribution of the three types of incorporation in MC, and 2) how can one account for the high volume of incorporation in MC as opposed to its quasi-absence in Reunion Creole? We suggest that article incorporation in MC is related to the structure of nouns in Bantou languages. While previous authors have largely used population settlement data in the colonies during the Creole formation period to justify their analyses, we propose an account based on the syntactic structure of Bantou nouns. This analysis will shed light on the contribution of African languages to the formation of MC, and on to why MC has exhibited more article incorporation cases than any other French Lexifier Creole. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=article%20incorporation" title="article incorporation">article incorporation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creole%20languages" title=" creole languages"> creole languages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=description" title=" description"> description</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonology" title=" phonology"> phonology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108460/phonology-and-syntax-of-article-incorporation-in-mauritian-creole-evidence-from-bantou-languages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">491</span> Passion Songs in Sri Lanka with Special Reference to Village Wahakotte </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niroshi%20Senevirathne">Niroshi Senevirathne</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The history of Pasan Gee (Passion Songs) relates back to the Portuguese Colonial period (1505-1658) in Sri Lanka. It is about chants on the passion of Christ during the Lent period which is repentance for Christians lasting for 40 days. Among the other villages in Sri Lanka, Wahakotte, which is situated in Matale district, Central Province is famous for their traditional Pasan melodies. It is a village where both Christians and Buddhists live. King Rajasinghe II of Kandy, who fought against the Portuguese, allowed the captives to settle down in Wahakotte. These people fairer in complexion have assimilated themselves with locals. Pasan singing in Wahakotte is a significant event and it is influenced by traditional folk music melodies such as “Nelum Gee” (harvesting songs) sung by farmers of Matale, Welapum Gee (Lamantation songs) sung at funerals in Sri Lanka and Buddhist Pirith chanting melodies. Prose of Pasan verses are included in the book named “Deshana namaye Pasan potha” (Nine Sermon Passion Book), written by Fr. Jacome Gonsalvez. The verses are composed with Sinhala and with some Tamil words. These songs are transmitted from generation to generation in an oral tradition. Today, chanting of Pasan is not heard in many Catholic areas during the lent season. Some of them have been recorded in cassette form. This research should aim to protect these traditional Passion songs unique to village Wahakotte of Sri Lanka without changing its character and original melodies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence%20of%20folk%20melodies" title="influence of folk melodies">influence of folk melodies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passion%20songs" title=" passion songs"> passion songs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preserving%20traditional%20passion%20songs" title=" preserving traditional passion songs"> preserving traditional passion songs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20passion%20melodies" title=" traditional passion melodies "> traditional passion melodies </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48800/passion-songs-in-sri-lanka-with-special-reference-to-village-wahakotte" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">490</span> The Presence of Carnism on Portuguese Television</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Pedro%20Fonseca">Rui Pedro Fonseca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the results of a research about carnism on Portuguese television. It begins by presenting a case study of MasterChef program (TVI) which conveys carnism in both practices and language, and from which some characteristics of their dominant representations are described. Subsequently, the paper presents the indicators of the presence of carnism in the Portuguese television programming, between 2013 and 2014, in the TVI, RTP1, and SICS channels. The data reveals that there is the hegemony of the carnist ideology in the main channels of the Portuguese television. Also, the samples collected and viewed show no mention of the impacts of carnism in its various dimensions (non-human animals, environment, human health and sustainability). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carnism" title="carnism">carnism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speciesism" title=" speciesism"> speciesism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=television" title=" television"> television</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Portugal" title=" Portugal"> Portugal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22755/the-presence-of-carnism-on-portuguese-television" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">489</span> School Counseling in Sri Lanka: Analysis of the past Recommending a Way Forward</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhiprabha%20D.%20D.%20Pathirana">Buddhiprabha D. D. Pathirana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite a rapid increase in the number of school counselors in the recent past; procuring the service of school counselors is a luxury that many Sri Lankan schools cannot afford. In addition, school counseling in Sri Lanka also faces new challenges in implementation due to the fact that a generally agreed consensus on training, ethical standards, role identity, counseling model, and structures for school counselors has not been reached. Therefore, this paper has several objectives. First, it reviews a brief history of school counseling in Sri Lanka and describes its current status. Second, it describes current trends/ problems specific to Sri Lankan school counseling milieu which have limited the progress of school counseling as a practice. Third, it discusses societal and cultural issues that are important to consider when implementing school counseling as a practices in Sri Lanka and provides recommendations to improve it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20counseling" title="school counseling">school counseling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20situation" title=" current situation"> current situation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recommendations" title=" recommendations"> recommendations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40075/school-counseling-in-sri-lanka-analysis-of-the-past-recommending-a-way-forward" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">488</span> Recognition and Enforcement of International Commercial Arbitral Awards in Sri Lanka, A Lesson from Singapore</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahandawala%20Arachchige%20Thani%20Chathurika%20Kahandawala">Kahandawala Arachchige Thani Chathurika Kahandawala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is attempted to analyse, Sri Lanka’s current situation regarding the recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitration awards. Sri Lanka has been involved with commercial arbitration for a long time period. But there are good and bad legal practices in place in proceedings in Sri Lanka legal system. The common perception and reality of Sri Lanka’s arbitration law and practices regarding recognition and enforcement of international arbitral awards is far behind the international standards. Therefore arbitration as a dispute resolution method has become a time-consuming and costly method in Sri Lanka. This research is employed with the qualitative method based on both primary and secondary resources. This carried out the comparative analysis of recognition and enforcement in international arbitration laws established jurisdiction in Singapore and the United Kingdom, which are known as best counties as a seat of arbitration in Asia and Europe. International conventions, act and all the legal proceedings regarding recognition and enforcement of an international arbitral award in Sri Lanka are going to be discussed in the research. In the Jurisdiction of Sri Lanka, critically need to value an international arbitral award in the domestic legal system. Therefore an award has to be recognised in Sri Lanka. Otherwise, it doesn’t have any value. After recognizing it, court can enforce it. This research intends to provide a comparative analysis to overcome the drawbacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arbitration" title="arbitration">arbitration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20dispute%20method" title=" alternative dispute method"> alternative dispute method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition%20and%20enforcement" title=" recognition and enforcement"> recognition and enforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20arbitral%20awards" title=" foreign arbitral awards"> foreign arbitral awards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lankan%20legal%20system" title=" Sri Lankan legal system"> Sri Lankan legal system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arbitral%20award%20in%20Singapore" title=" arbitral award in Singapore"> arbitral award in Singapore</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144866/recognition-and-enforcement-of-international-commercial-arbitral-awards-in-sri-lanka-a-lesson-from-singapore" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">487</span> Translation as a Cultural Medium: Understanding the Mauritian Culture and History through an English Translation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooja%20Booluck">Pooja Booluck</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This project seeks to translate a chapter in Le Silence des Chagos by Shenaz Patel a Mauritian author whose work has never been translated before. The chapter discusses the attempt of the protagonist to return to her home country Diego Garcia after her deportation. The English translation will offer an historical account to the target audience of the deportation of Chagossians to Mauritius during the 1970s. The target audience comprises of English-speaking translation scholars translation students and African literature scholars. In light of making the cultural elements of Mauritian culture accessible the translation will maintain the cultural items such as food and oral discourses in Creole so as to preserve the authenticity of the source culture. In order to better comprehend the cultural elements mentioned the target reader will be provided with detailed footnotes explaining the cultural and historical references. This translation will also address the importance of folkloric songs in Mauritius and its intergenerational function in Mauritian communities which will also remain in Creole. While such an approach will help to preserve the meaning of the source text the borrowing technique and the foreignizing method will be employed which will in turn help the reader in becoming more familiar with the Mauritian community. Translating a text from French to English while maintaining certain words or discourses in a minority language such as Creole bears certain challenges: How does the translator ensure the comprehensibility of the reader? Are there any translation losses? What are the choices of the translator? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chagos%20archipelagos%20in%20Exile" title="Chagos archipelagos in Exile">Chagos archipelagos in Exile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20translation" title=" English translation"> English translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Le%20Silence%20des%20Chagos" title=" Le Silence des Chagos"> Le Silence des Chagos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauritian%20culture%20and%20history" title=" Mauritian culture and history"> Mauritian culture and history</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50720/translation-as-a-cultural-medium-understanding-the-mauritian-culture-and-history-through-an-english-translation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">486</span> Portuguese Influence on Minas Gerais Dessert Culinary During Brazil Colonization Period</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvania%20M.%20P.%20Silva">Silvania M. P. Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20A.%20Mazaro"> Ricardo A. Mazaro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gemilde%20M.%20Queiroz"> Gemilde M. Queiroz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josefa%20Barbosa"> Josefa Barbosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20S.%20Victorino"> Lucas S. Victorino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grasiela%20J.%20Silva"> Grasiela J. Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Minas Gerais sweets have a remarkable personality, perceived on the original usage of fruits, sweets, and cheeses in the Brazilian gastronomic landscape, as a unique representation of Minas Gerais. This memory-related and feeling-oriented food is one of the treasures common to all Brazilians. It is mandatory to mention its Portuguese roots for the use of honey, as well as sugar cane and its countless possibilities. This work will show that this heritage is predominantly Portuguese, born in Portuguese convents and that it crossed the Atlantic. Through a historical survey, visits to mining towns known for their sweet culture and material collected in these places, we present the protagonists of this journey of flavors: the Portuguese cake makers (boleiras), who brought the knowledge, ingredients, and the dream of a better life in the crowded mines of gold and opportunities, helping to form a new Minas Gerais knowledge with their delicacies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sweets%20from%20portugal" title="sweets from portugal">sweets from portugal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convent%20sweets" title=" convent sweets"> convent sweets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minas%20gerais" title=" minas gerais"> minas gerais</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brazil" title=" brazil"> brazil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147936/portuguese-influence-on-minas-gerais-dessert-culinary-during-brazil-colonization-period" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">485</span> Politicization of India Sri Lanka Fishing Dispute</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Faslan">Mohamed Faslan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research examines the impact of the politicization of the fishing dispute on India-Sri Lanka relations, particularly the influence of internal and party politics. The maritime border is clearly demarcated between India and Sri Lanka. India and Sri Lanka signed bilateral agreements on maritime boundaries in 1974 and 1976 respectively. They signed the United Nations Law of the Sea- III as well. Despite this, fishing disputes persist between the two nations. Tamil Nadu politics is closely linked with Sri Lankan Tamil issues and Tamil Nadu has been playing a significant role in Indo-Lanka relations. This is due to the fact that many Indian trawlers involved in fishing activities in Sri Lankan waters are from Tamil Nadu. The Government of Tamil Nadu is also very concerned about the issue of fishing in Sri Lankan waters. During the ethnic war, Sri Lankan fishermen were restricted on fishing activities in the Northern sea by the Sri Lankan Government and Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam (LTTE). This created a vacuum in the Northern sea of Sri Lanka, and Indian trawlers filled the vacuum with the support of the LTTE. After the end of the war, Northern fishermen of Sri Lanka recommenced their fishing activities and realized that the Tamil Nadu trawlers had scooped their fishing resources. The Northern fishermen started to protest the invasion of Indian trawlers and pushed the Sri Lankan Government to stop the Indian trawlers. When Sri Lanka arrested Indian fishermen and confiscated their fishing boats, the Tamil Nadu Government used this as an opportunity to accuse Sri Lanka as having a Sinhalese government, to express feelings of hatred towards Sri Lanka due to the ethnic war against Tamils and tried to increase the voting bank by selling Tamil feelings. Thus, this research finds that Tamil Nadu does not associate this fishing dispute with Tamils in Sri Lanka but with the Sinhalese despite the status quo. This research has covered the Northern fishermen and stakeholders of Sri Lanka and could not do any field research in India due to visa restrictions. However, the researcher tries to balance the gap by referring to secondary sources and a few interviews with Indian scholars. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indo%20Lanka%20relations" title="Indo Lanka relations">Indo Lanka relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fishing%20dispute" title=" fishing dispute"> fishing dispute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maritime%20border" title=" maritime border"> maritime border</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamil%20Nadu%20%26%20Sri%20Lankan%20waters" title=" Tamil Nadu & Sri Lankan waters"> Tamil Nadu & Sri Lankan waters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13595/politicization-of-india-sri-lanka-fishing-dispute" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">484</span> The Influence of Advertising in the Respect of the Right to Adequate Food: Some Notes regarding the Portuguese Legal Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susana%20Almeida">Susana Almeida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The right to adequate food is a human right protected under several international human rights treaties of universal or regional application. In addition, this social right is – as we intend to demonstrate – guaranteed under the Portuguese Constitution. Therefore, in order to assure the protection of this right, the Portuguese State must not only abstain from interfering with this human right (negative obligation) but also take action to secure the human right to adequate food (positive obligation). In this context, the Portuguese State has developed several governmental policies, such as taxing sugary drinks, setting the maximum amount of salt in the bread or creating the National Program for the Promotion of Healthy Food. Nevertheless, we intend to demonstrate that special attention should be given to advertising, as advertisements have an extreme influence on the consumers' decisions and hence on the food decisions. In this paper, besides explaining the cross construction of the human right to adequate food, we aim to examine the Advertising Portuguese Code and to study the several provisions that could be held by the Portuguese consumer to challenge some advertisements due to the violation of the right to health and the right to adequate food. Moreover, having in mind the influence of advertising on the food decisions and the serious problems that unhealthy food may bring (e.g., child obesity), one should ask if this legal framework should not be reviewed in order to lay out some restrictions on advertising, namely setting advices like in alcohol advertisements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertising%20code" title="advertising code">advertising code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20law" title=" consumer law"> consumer law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20to%20adequate%20food" title=" right to adequate food"> right to adequate food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20human%20right" title=" social human right"> social human right</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83006/the-influence-of-advertising-in-the-respect-of-the-right-to-adequate-food-some-notes-regarding-the-portuguese-legal-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">483</span> Structural Modeling and Experimental-Numerical Correlation of the Dynamic Behavior of the Portuguese Guitar by Using a Structural-Fluid Coupled Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Vieira">M. Vieira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Infante"> V. Infante</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Serr%C3%A3o"> P. Serrão</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ribeiro"> A. Ribeiro </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Portuguese guitar is a pear-shaped plucked chordophone particularly known for its role in Fado, the most distinctive traditional Portuguese musical style. The acknowledgment of the dynamic behavior of the Portuguese guitar, specifically of its modal and mode shape response, has been the focus of different authors. In this research, the experimental results of the dynamic behavior of the guitar, which were previously obtained, are correlated with a vibro-acoustic finite element model of the guitar. The modelling of the guitar offered several challenges which are presented in this work. The results of the correlation between experimental and numerical data are presented and indicate good correspondence for the studied mode shapes. The influence of the air inside the chamber, for the finite element analysis, is shown to be crucial to understand the low-frequency modes of the Portuguese guitar, while, for higher frequency modes, the geometry of the guitar assumes greater relevance. Comparison is made with the classical guitar, providing relevant information about the intrinsic differences between the two, such as between its tones and other acoustical properties. These results represent a sustained base for future work, which will allow the study of the influence of different location and geometry of diverse components of the Portuguese guitar, being as well an asset to the comprehension of its musical properties and qualities and may, furthermore, represent an advantage for its players and luthiers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20behavior%20of%20guitars" title="dynamic behavior of guitars">dynamic behavior of guitars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instrument%20acoustics" title=" instrument acoustics"> instrument acoustics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Portuguese%20guitar" title=" Portuguese guitar"> Portuguese guitar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35870/structural-modeling-and-experimental-numerical-correlation-of-the-dynamic-behavior-of-the-portuguese-guitar-by-using-a-structural-fluid-coupled-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">482</span> Sri Lanka-Middle East Labour Migration Corridor: Trends, Patterns and Structural Changes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesha%20Siriwardhane">Dinesha Siriwardhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indralal%20De%20Silva"> Indralal De Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sampath%20Amaratunge"> Sampath Amaratunge</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective of this study is to explore the recent trends, patterns and the structural changes in the labour migration from Sri Lanka to Middle East countries and to discuss the possible impacts of those changes on the remittance flow. Study uses secondary data published by Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment and Central Bank. Thematic analysis of the secondary data revealed that the migration for labour has increased rapidly during past decades. Parallel with that the gender and the skill composition of the migration flow has been changing. Similarly, the destinations for male migration have changed over the period. These show positive implications on the international remittance receipts to the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20east" title=" middle east"> middle east</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sciences" title=" social sciences"> social sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20557/sri-lanka-middle-east-labour-migration-corridor-trends-patterns-and-structural-changes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">481</span> Viability of Smart Grids for Green IT Sustainability: Contemplated within the Context of Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuela%20Nayantara%20Jeyaraj">Manuela Nayantara Jeyaraj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Information Technology (IT) is considered to be the prime contributor towards most of the energy releases and hence recursively impacting on the environmental Carbon Footprint on a major scale. The hostile effects brought about due to this massive carbon release such as global warming and ecosystem wipe-outs are currently being realized in Sri Lanka due to the rapid development and merging of computer based technologies. Sri Lanka, being a nature-rich island, has the undying need to preserve its natural environment hence resolving to better ‘Green IT’ practices in all possible spheres. Green IT implies the IT related practices for environmental sustainability. But the industrial divisions in Sri Lanka are still hesitant to fully realize the benefits of applying better “Green IT” principles due to considerations related to costs and other issues. In order to bring about a positive awareness of Green IT, the use of Smart Grids, which is yet a conceptualized principle within the Sri Lankan context, can be considered as a feasible proof in hand. This paper tends to analyze the feasibility of utilizing Smart Grids to ensure minimized cost and effects in preserving the environment hence ensuring Sustainable Green IT practices in an economically and technologically viable manner in Sri Lanka. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20IT" title="green IT">green IT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry" title=" industry"> industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63821/viability-of-smart-grids-for-green-it-sustainability-contemplated-within-the-context-of-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">480</span> Production of Oral Vowels by Chinese Learners of Portuguese: Problems and Didactic Implications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adelina%20Castelo">Adelina Castelo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing number of learners of Portuguese as Foreign Language in China justifies the need to define the phonetic profile of these learners and to design didactic materials that are adjusted to their specific problems in pronunciation. Different aspects of this topic have been studied, but the production of oral vowels still needs to be investigated. This study aims: (i) to identify the problems the Chinese learners of Portuguese experience in the pronunciation of oral vowels; (ii) to discuss the didactic implications drawn from those problems. The participants were eight native speakers of Mandarin Chinese that had been learning Portuguese in College for almost a year. They named pictured objects and their oral productions were recorded and phonetically transcribed. The selection of the objects to name took into account some linguistic variables (e.g. stress pattern, syllable structure, presence of the Portuguese oral vowels in different word positions according to stress location). The results are analysed in two ways: the impact of linguistic variables on the success rate in the vowels' production; the replacement strategies used in the non-target productions. Both analyses show that the Chinese learners of Portuguese (i) have significantly more difficulties with the mid vowels as well as the high central vowel and (ii) do not master the vowel height feature. These findings contribute to define the phonetic profile of these learners in terms of oral vowel production. Besides, they have important didactic implications for the pronunciation teaching to these specific learners. Those implications are discussed and exemplified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20learners" title="Chinese learners">Chinese learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learners%E2%80%99%20phonetic%20profile" title=" learners’ phonetic profile"> learners’ phonetic profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20variables" title=" linguistic variables"> linguistic variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Portuguese%20as%20foreign%20language" title=" Portuguese as foreign language"> Portuguese as foreign language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20data" title=" production data"> production data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pronunciation%20teaching" title=" pronunciation teaching"> pronunciation teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20vowels" title=" oral vowels"> oral vowels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74174/production-of-oral-vowels-by-chinese-learners-of-portuguese-problems-and-didactic-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">479</span> Ethnolinguistic Otherness: The Vedda Language (Baasapojja) of Indigenous Adivasi (Veddas) of Dambana in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nimasha%20Malalasekera">Nimasha Malalasekera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Working with the indigenous Adivasi (Vedda) community of Dambana in the district of Badulla in Sri Lanka, this research documents linguistic data to address language and cultural endangerment. The ancestral language of Adivasi has undergone sustained restructuration over a long historical period due to its contact with Sinhala, an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the majority Sinhalese. The Vedda language is highly endangered today. At present, all speakers of the Vedda language spoken in Dambana are Adivasi men in the parent generation, who are Sinhala-Vedda bilinguals. Adivasi women and children do not speak the Vedda language but Sinhala in everyday life. Women can understand the Vedda language and would respond to a Vedda language utterance in Sinhala. The use of the Vedda language is largely restricted to self-ascribing Adivasi men who employ it in the context of cultural tourism in Dambana to index ethnolinguistic otherness. Adivasi of Dambana often refers to this distinct linguistic code that they speak as baasapojja or language. This research employs a cooperative model of ethnographic documentation to explore the interrelations between discursive practices, linguistic structures, and linguistic (and broader sociocultural) ideologies in this community. The Vedda language has been previously identified as a dialect of Sinhala or a creole emerging in the contact between Sinhala and the ancestral Vedda language. This paper analyzes the current language endangerment context of bilingual Adivasi members that allows the birth of a mixed language. The aim of this research is to preserve ongoing linguistic innovation among this endangered language speech community. It contributes to the appreciation of creative cultural and linguistic production of a stigmatized minuscule indigenous community of South Asia that strives to assert a distinct linguistic and cultural identity from the dominant populations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vedda%20language" title="Vedda language">Vedda language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20endangerment" title=" language endangerment"> language endangerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20languages" title=" mixed languages"> mixed languages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20identity" title=" indigenous identity"> indigenous identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164067/ethnolinguistic-otherness-the-vedda-language-baasapojja-of-indigenous-adivasi-veddas-of-dambana-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">478</span> Talent Sourcing Practices in Sri Lankan Software Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malmi%20Amadoru">Malmi Amadoru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandana%20Gamage"> Chandana Gamage</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sri Lanka is emerging as a global IT-BPO hub topping up among the 20 global outsourcing destinations. When setting up a new venture in Sri Lanka, talent sourcing plays one of the key functions due to the rapid growth of workforce. Getting competent people with right skills for right positions leads organizations achieving its vision, mission and objectives. It also drives in earning competitive advantage over industry competitors. Thus it is crucial to scan and recruit the best employees to an organization. However there is no published information available on recruitment methods utilized in Sri Lankan software industry, as a study of this nature had not being conducted previously in Sri Lanka. The main objective of this study was to explore various talent sourcing practices exploited in Sri Lankan software industry. Also this study analyses the extent which Sri Lanka has adopted different recruitment strategies utilized in worldwide and its deviations. The research outcome is beneficial for HR professionals to identify the current trends in recruitment practices. Moreover investors who are interested in IT-BPO engagements can gain a thorough knowledge about talent sourcing techniques in Sri Lankan software industry. Finally, this research clues trending areas which can be further investigated in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT-BPO" title="IT-BPO">IT-BPO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recruitment" title=" recruitment"> recruitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20industry" title=" software industry"> software industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=talent" title=" talent"> talent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27375/talent-sourcing-practices-in-sri-lankan-software-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">477</span> Preparation on Sentimental Analysis on Social Media Comments with Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Gated Recurrent Unit and Model Glove in Portuguese</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leonardo%20Alfredo%20Mendoza">Leonardo Alfredo Mendoza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristian%20Munoz"> Cristian Munoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Aurelio%20Pacheco"> Marco Aurelio Pacheco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoela%20Kohler"> Manoela Kohler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evelyn%20%20Batista"> Evelyn Batista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodrigo%20Moura"> Rodrigo Moura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques are increasingly more powerful to be able to interpret the feelings and reactions of a person to a product or service. Sentiment analysis has become a fundamental tool for this interpretation but has few applications in languages other than English. This paper presents a classification of sentiment analysis in Portuguese with a base of comments from social networks in Portuguese. A word embedding's representation was used with a 50-Dimension GloVe pre-trained model, generated through a corpus completely in Portuguese. To generate this classification, the bidirectional long short-term memory and bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) models are used, reaching results of 99.1%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20processing%20language" title="natural processing language">natural processing language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20analysis" title=" sentiment analysis"> sentiment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidirectional%20long%20short-term%20memory" title=" bidirectional long short-term memory"> bidirectional long short-term memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BI-LSTM" title=" BI-LSTM"> BI-LSTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gated%20recurrent%20unit" title=" gated recurrent unit"> gated recurrent unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GRU" title=" GRU"> GRU</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131061/preparation-on-sentimental-analysis-on-social-media-comments-with-bidirectional-long-short-term-memory-gated-recurrent-unit-and-model-glove-in-portuguese" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">476</span> Deep Learning to Enhance Mathematics Education for Secondary Students in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selvavinayagan%20Babiharan">Selvavinayagan Babiharan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to develop a deep learning platform to enhance mathematics education for secondary students in Sri Lanka. The platform will be designed to incorporate interactive and user-friendly features to engage students in active learning and promote their mathematical skills. The proposed platform will be developed using TensorFlow and Keras, two widely used deep learning frameworks. The system will be trained on a large dataset of math problems, which will be collected from Sri Lankan school curricula. The results of this research will contribute to the improvement of mathematics education in Sri Lanka and provide a valuable tool for teachers to enhance the learning experience of their students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20technology" title="information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics" title=" mathematics"> mathematics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166677/deep-learning-to-enhance-mathematics-education-for-secondary-students-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">475</span> Supply Chain Resilience Strategies and Their Impact on Supply Chain Sustainability of the Export-oriented Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuradha%20Ranawakage">Anuradha Ranawakage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nimalashanithi%20Amarasekara"> Nimalashanithi Amarasekara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Supply chain resilience and sustainability have received great attention from both academia and business professionals since last few decades. However, the relationship between supply chain resilience and sustainability has not been empirically tested in the apparel industry, where both concepts play a crucial role. Thus, this study aims to investigate how supply chain resilience strategies (digital connectivity, inventory and reserve capacity, and collaboration) impact the supply chain sustainability of export-oriented apparel manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka. An online questionnaire was used to collect data on the impact of supply chain resilience strategies on the supply chain sustainability of 99 apparel companies operating in Sri Lanka. This research makes a significant contribution to the field of supply chain management by assessing the impact of supply chain resilience strategies on supply chain sustainability in the context of the developing country, Sri Lanka, where economic crises and the pandemic have had a profound impact on the apparel industry. The findings have important theoretical and managerial implications for maintaining congruence between supply chain resilience and supply chain sustainability in the long run. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20resilience" title="supply chain resilience">supply chain resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20sustainability" title=" supply chain sustainability"> supply chain sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparel" title=" apparel"> apparel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title=" supply chain"> supply chain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191378/supply-chain-resilience-strategies-and-their-impact-on-supply-chain-sustainability-of-the-export-oriented-apparel-industry-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">474</span> The Effect of Stress on Job Performance of Frontline Employees of Hotels: Reference to Star Class Hotels in North Central Province, Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20M.%20M.%20Weerasooriya">W. M. M. Weerasooriya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20T.%20N.%20P.%20Abeywickrama"> K. T. N. P. Abeywickrama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There has been some research on stress in the hotel industry in Sri Lanka and elsewhere. Still, the amount is not proportionate to the severity of the issue. This paper examined the effect of stress on job performance of frontline employees of Sri Lankan hotel context. Duly completed 70 self-administered questionnaires filled by frontline employees of star class hotels in North Central Province in Sri Lanka were used for the purpose with a response rate of 70%. The researcher employed empirical analysis using statistical tools such as regression analysis of Pearson’s correlation of coefficient. It was found that there is a high level of workload and role ambiguity existing among the frontline employees of hotels located in North Central Province and existing role ambiguity significantly reduce the job performance of the frontline employees of star class hotels while the existing low level of physical work environment also leads to a low level of job performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotel%20front%20line%20employees" title="hotel front line employees">hotel front line employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20stress" title=" job stress"> job stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20performance" title=" job performance"> job performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104257/the-effect-of-stress-on-job-performance-of-frontline-employees-of-hotels-reference-to-star-class-hotels-in-north-central-province-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">473</span> Efficient GIS Based Public Health System for Disease Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20G.%20T.%20R.%20Waidyarathna">K. M. G. T. R. Waidyarathna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Vidanagamachchi"> S. M. Vidanagamachchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Public Health System exists in Sri Lanka has a satisfactory complete information flow when compared to other systems in developing countries. The availability of a good health information system contributed immensely to achieve health indices that are in line with the developed countries like US and UK. The health information flow at the moment is completely paper based. In Sri Lanka, the fields like banking, accounting and engineering have incorporated information and communication technology to the same extent that can be observed in any other country. The field of medicine has behind those fields throughout the world mainly due to its complexity, issues like privacy, confidentially and lack of people with knowledge in both fields of Information Technology (IT) and Medicine. Sri Lanka’s situation is much worse and the gap is rapidly increasing with huge IT initiatives by private-public partnerships in all other countries. The major goal of the framework is to support minimizing the spreading diseases. To achieve that a web based framework should be implemented for this application domain with web mapping. The aim of this GIS based public health system is a secure, flexible, easy to maintain environment for creating and maintaining public health records and easy to interact with relevant parties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DHIS2" title="DHIS2">DHIS2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health" title=" public health"> public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32626/efficient-gis-based-public-health-system-for-disease-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">563</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">472</span> Egalitarianism and Social Stratification: An Overview of the Caste System among the Southern Muslims of Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20%20Faslan">Mohamed Faslan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes how caste-based differentiation functions among the Southern Muslims of Sri Lanka despite Islamic egalitarian principles. Such differences are not promoted by religious teachings, mosques, or the various Islamic religious denominations. Instead, it underpins a hereditary, hierarchical stratification in social structure. Since Islam is against social stratification and promotes egalitarianism, what are the persuasive social structures that organize the existing caste system among Southern Muslims? To answer this puzzle, this paper discusses and analyses the caste system under these five subsections: ancestry; marriage; geography; mosque ownership or trustees; and occupation. The study of caste in Sri Lanka is generally compartmentalized into separate Sinhala and Tamil systems. Most caste studies have focused on the characteristics, upward mobility, or discrimination of specific castes in relation to other castes within ethnic systems. As an operational definition, in this paper, by “southern” or the south of Sri Lanka, I refer to the Kalutara, Galle and Matara Districts. This research was conducted in these three districts, and the respondents were selected purposively. Community history interviews were used as a tool for collecting information, and grounded theory used for analysis. Caste stratification among the Southern Muslims of Sri Lanka is directly connected to whether they are descended from Arab or South Indian ancestors. Arab ancestors are considered upper caste and South Indian ancestors are considered lower caste. Endogamy is the most serious driving factor keeping caste system functioning among Muslims while the other factors—geography, mosques, and occupations—work as supporting factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caste" title="caste">caste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20stratification" title=" social stratification"> social stratification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka%20Muslims" title=" Sri Lanka Muslims"> Sri Lanka Muslims</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endogamy" title=" endogamy"> endogamy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137356/egalitarianism-and-social-stratification-an-overview-of-the-caste-system-among-the-southern-muslims-of-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">471</span> Child Mortality in Portuguese Speaking Africa Countries: Levels and Trends, 1975-2021</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alcino%20Panguana">Alcino Panguana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> All Portuguese-speaking African countries are in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region that has high infant mortality rates, being responsible for 49.6% of deaths in Portuguese-speaking African countries, Angola has levels of infant mortality among children, where 2017, 156 children who died before reaching 1 year of life in 1000 live births. Although there is an increase in studies that document trends and specific causes of infant mortality in each country, historical-comparative studies of infant mortality among these countries remain rare. Understanding the trend of this indicator is important for policymakers and planners in order to improve access to successful child survival operations. Lusophone Africa continues with high infant mortality rates in the order of 64 deaths per thousand births. Assuming heterogeneities that can characterize these countries, raise an analysis investigated indicator at the country level to understand the pattern and historical trend of infant mortality within Lusophone Africa from the year 2021. The result is to understand the levels and evolution of infant mortality in Portuguese-speaking African countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20mortality" title="child mortality">child mortality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levels" title=" levels"> levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trends" title=" trends"> trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lusophone%20African%20countries" title=" lusophone African countries"> lusophone African countries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150755/child-mortality-in-portuguese-speaking-africa-countries-levels-and-trends-1975-2021" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">470</span> The Impact of Environment Psychology on Customer Primary Emotions with Special Reference to Conference Travellers to Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koswaththage%20Dilushika%20Sewwandi">Koswaththage Dilushika Sewwandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aminda%20Lakmal"> Aminda Lakmal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From an activity reserved for the privileged few only some decades ago, tourism today moves more than one billion people across international borders each year. As the main part of the tourism industry, MICE tourism came to the floor and nowadays it became the main part of tourism especially in developing countries. Currently due to the fast development projects and infrastructure building, focus on tourism development in Sri Lanka could earn a global identity by practicing MICE tourism especially international conferences. Examine the behavior of conference travelers who looking for Sri Lanka as a conference destination must be required. Since the tourism industry highly involved with the personal factor and the destination selections taken by human beings it is vital to explore the factors affecting to their primary emotions which are shaped up with environmental factors. The Environmental Psychology studies the cognitive and affective behavior of human beings and based on that this study was carried out to examine the impact of environment psychology on customer primary emotions; with special reference to conference travelers to Sri Lanka. Finally, the study concludes with identifying the number of environmental factors as Accommodation, Travel Mode and Hotel Atmosphere that could impact the customer primary emotions of conference travelers to Sri Lanka. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MICE%20tourism" title="MICE tourism">MICE tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=envionmental%20psychology" title=" envionmental psychology"> envionmental psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20emotions" title=" primary emotions"> primary emotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20selection" title=" destination selection"> destination selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32573/the-impact-of-environment-psychology-on-customer-primary-emotions-with-special-reference-to-conference-travellers-to-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">469</span> Adoption of Proactive and Reactive Supply Chain Resilience Strategies: A Comparison between Apparel and Construction Industries in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuradha%20Ranawakage">Anuradha Ranawakage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chathurani%20Silva"> Chathurani Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the growing expansion of global businesses, supply chains are increasingly exposed to numerous disruptions. Organizations adopt various strategies to mitigate the impact of these disruptions. Depending on the variations in the conditions and characteristics of supply chains, the adoption of resilience strategies may vary across industries. However, these differences are largely unexplored in the existing literature. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the adoption of three proactive strategies: proactive collaboration, digital connectivity, integrated SC risk management, and three reactive strategies: reactive collaboration, inventory and reserve capacity, and lifeline maintenance in the apparel and construction industries in Sri Lanka. An online questionnaire was used to collect data on the implementation of resilience strategies from a sample of 162 apparel and 185 construction companies operating in Sri Lanka. This research makes a significant contribution to the field of supply chain management by assessing the extent to which different resilience strategies are functioned within the apparel and construction industries in Sri Lanka, particularly in an era after a global pandemic that significantly disrupted supply chains all around the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparel" title="apparel">apparel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proactive%20strategies" title=" proactive strategies"> proactive strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20strategies" title=" reactive strategies"> reactive strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20resilience" title=" supply chain resilience"> supply chain resilience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184616/adoption-of-proactive-and-reactive-supply-chain-resilience-strategies-a-comparison-between-apparel-and-construction-industries-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">54</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">468</span> Spatial Analytics of Ramayan to Geolocate Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raj%20Mukta%20Sundaram">Raj Mukta Sundaram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The location of Ayodhya is distinctly described along river Sarayu in the epic Ramayan. On the contrary, even elaborate descriptions of Lanka and its environs are still proving elusive to human ingenuity to find a direct correlation on the ground. His-torically, there were hardly any attempts to locate Lanka, but some speculations have been made very recently, of which Sri Lanka has gained widespread public ac-ceptance for obvious reasons, such as Sri and Lanka. This belief is almost secured by the impression of Ram Setu on the satellite images, which has led the government to initiate a scientific mission to determine its age. In fact, other viewpoints believe Lanka to be somewhere far-flung along the equator, and another has long proclaimed it to be in central regions of India, but both are diminished by contemporary belief. This study emanates from the fact that Sri Lanka has no correlation to epic, and more importantly, satellite images are deceptive. So the objectives are twofold - firstly, to interpret the text from a holistic approach by analyzing the ecosystem, settlements, geological as-pects, and most importantly, the timeline of key events. Secondly, it explains the pit-falls in the rationale behind contemporary belief. At the outset, it categorically rejects the notion of Ram Setu, which, in geological terms, is merely a part of the continental shelf developed millions of years ago. It also refutes the misconception created by the word “Sri,” which is, in fact, an official name adopted by the country in the seventies with no correlation whatsoever with the events of Ramayana. Likewise, the study ar-gues for the establishment of a prosperous kingdom on a remote island with adverse climatic conditions for any civilization at that time. Eventually, the study demonstrates that travel time for the distances covered by Lord Rama does not corroborate with the description in the epic. It all leads to one conclusion that Lanka cannot be in Sri Lanka. Rather, it needs to be somewhere in the central-eastern parts of India. That region jus-tifies the environs and timelines for the journeys undertaken by Lord Rama, besides the fact that the tribes of the region show strong allegiance to Ravana. The study strongly recommends looking into the central-east region of India for the golden abode of a demon king and rejuvenating tourism of a scenic and culturally rich region hitherto marred by disturbances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20analysis" title="spatial analysis">spatial analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramayan" title=" Ramayan"> Ramayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage" title=" heritage"> heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182007/spatial-analytics-of-ramayan-to-geolocate-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">467</span> Attitudes Towards Immigrants: Evidence from Veterans of Colonial Wars in Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margarida%20Matos">Margarida Matos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%A3o%20Pereira%20dos%20Santos"> João Pereira dos Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Tavares"> José Tavares</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anti-minority discrimination is a persistent phenomenon with long-run effects. While there is a vast literature in economics and psychology that shows that personality and beliefs are not fixed and can be altered by experience, particularly in the so-called impressionable years in early adulthood, less is known about the long-lasting impacts of major events occurring during this time on minority attitudes. In this paper, we study the impact of serving in the military on long-term attitudes towards minorities. For many, military conscription and serving in war are unique life-shaping events. In the context of military service, individuals from different socioeconomic backgrounds interact and learn with each other, potentially changing their views and attitudes in a persistent manner. A prominent theory about the change of attitudes is the contact theory. It suggests that prejudice can be decreased if members of the groups interact with one another. The present paper adds to the literature by providing evidence from a more complicated setting involving the exposure to combat. We study the attitudes of veterans of the Portuguese Colonial War between 1961 and 1974, what was the latest war between African independence movements and Europeans. More than 70 percent of military age Portuguese men were drafted every year and sent to fight in Africa in the widest draft in post-World War II Western Europe. The contact between Portuguese and African soldiers was both cooperative as well as adversarial. Portuguese fought against but also alongside locally recruited African men, who represented half of the Portuguese contingent for substantial periods. We use data from the European Social Survey to identify Portuguese citizens likely to have been drafted and were send to fight in the former Portuguese colonies in Africa. We show that men likely to have fought in African wars are more accepting of immigrants than women of their same cohort, as well as than males from younger and older cohorts. The use of corresponding cohorts from Spain as placebo tests confirms our results. Our findings also hold in a regression discontinuity design setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title="attitudes">attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigration" title=" immigration"> immigration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=war%20in%20Africa" title=" war in Africa"> war in Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterans" title=" veterans"> veterans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portugal" title=" portugal"> portugal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164443/attitudes-towards-immigrants-evidence-from-veterans-of-colonial-wars-in-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">466</span> Patients' Satisfaction about Private Sector Primary Care Nurses in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20R.%20N.%20Mendis">N. R. N. Mendis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20Silva"> S. N. Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Patient satisfaction of services provided by primary care health services depends on many factors. One key factor in this depends on is the nursing services received in primary care. Since majority of the primary care in Sri Lanka is provided by the private sector, it is important to assess patient satisfaction on this. Objective: To assess the satisfaction among the public on nurses working in dispensaries in Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive study was done on 200 individual selected using convenient sampling among dispensaries in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka. Results: 59.3% of the sample had long term illnesses or disabilities and all of them preferred speaking to a nurse. 70.9% of the sample used to make appointments with nurses while 57.8% out of them were comfortable in discussing their health concerns. 98.9 % agreed that they get individual attention by the nurses. Majority of the sample that is 34.2% spends around 20 minutes with the nurse without even making any pay. Significantly, the whole sample believes that the nurses are professional and admits that the care given is of high quality. All 100% of the sample said that the nurses could understand their concerns while 93.5% admitted that it was very useful in their recovery. Conclusions: Majority of the public were very much satisfied with the nurses and their practice at the dispensaries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20education" title="health education">health education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses%20practices" title=" nurses practices"> nurses practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20satisfaction" title=" patient satisfaction"> patient satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20care" title=" primary care"> primary care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43771/patients-satisfaction-about-private-sector-primary-care-nurses-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">465</span> Investigation of Buddhology Reflected from Wall Paintings in Sri Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20G.%20D%20Jayawardena">R. G. D Jayawardena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Buddha was known by great wise men from 6th century B.C up to date as a superhuman being born in the world beyond the omnipotent. The Buddha’s doctrinal descriptions reflect his deep enlightenment about imperial and metaphysical knowledge. Buddhology undertaken for this study is an unexposed subject in metaphysical points. The Buddhist wall painting in Sri Lanka depicts deep metaphysical meaning than its simple perspective of estheticism. Buddhology, in some perspectives, has been interpreted as a complete natural science discovered by the Buddha to teach the way of honorable living in perfect happiness and peace of mind till death. Such interpretations which emphasized are based on textual studies. The Buddhology conducted through literal tradition is depicted in wall paintings in Sri Lanka are in visual art with specific techniques rules. The Buddhology, which is investigated on wall paintings, portrays the Buddha in the form of a superhuman being and as an unparalleled person among the Devas, Brahmas, Yakshas, Maras, and humans. The Buddha concept is known to Sri Lankan Buddhists as a person attained to full awakening of wisdom. In personality, the Buddha is depicted as a supernormal person in the world and a rare birth. In brief, the paper will discuss and illustrate the Buddha’s transcendental position and the reality of what he experienced and its authenticity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhology" title="Buddhology">Buddhology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metaphysic" title=" Metaphysic"> Metaphysic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka" title=" Sri Lanka"> Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paintings" title=" paintings"> paintings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143326/investigation-of-buddhology-reflected-from-wall-paintings-in-sri-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143326.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">464</span> The Power of “Merkiavelli”: Representations of Angela Merkel in the Portuguese Press (2008-2015)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Mouro">Ana Mouro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Ramalheira"> Ana Ramalheira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since 1989, with the Fall of the Berlin Wall, Germany has undergone a profound restructuring political and economic process. When the Euro Crisis broke out, Germany was no longer the “sick man” of Europe. Instead, it had recovered its dominance as the strongest and wealthiest economy within the European Union. With the European Debt Crisis, that has been taking place in the European Union since the end of 2009, Germany´s Chancellor Angela Merkel has gained the power of deciding, so to say, on the fate of the debtor nations, but she neither stands for binding German commitments, nor refuses assistance. A debate on whether Merkel’s hesitation has been deliberated and used as a means of coercion has arisen on international print media, and the Portuguese Press has been no exception. This study, which was conducted by using news reporting, opinion articles, interviews and editorials, published in the Portuguese weekly <em>Expresso </em>and the daily <em>Público</em>, from 2008 to 2015, tries to show how Merkel’s hesitation, depicted in the press by the term “Merkiavelli”, was perceived in Portugal, a country that had to embrace the austerity measures, imposed by the European Central Bank, but defined under Angela Merkel´s leading role. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euro%20crisis" title="Euro crisis">Euro crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%9CMerkiavelli%E2%80%9D" title=" “Merkiavelli”"> “Merkiavelli”</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20studies" title=" cultural studies"> cultural studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Portuguese%20quality%20press" title=" Portuguese quality press"> Portuguese quality press</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78010/the-power-of-merkiavelli-representations-of-angela-merkel-in-the-portuguese-press-2008-2015" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka%20Portuguese%20creole&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Lanka%20Portuguese%20creole&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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