CINXE.COM

Discussion Draft - Proposed License Amendment to Avoid Content Ghettos in the Commons - Creative Commons

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <base href="https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/"> <title>Discussion Draft - Proposed License Amendment to Avoid Content Ghettos in the Commons - Creative Commons</title> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="icon" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/vocabulary/favicon/favicon.ico" sizes="any"> <link rel="icon" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/vocabulary/favicon/favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/vocabulary/favicon/manifest.webmanifest"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/vocabulary/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/style.css"> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1"><!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <link rel="canonical" href="https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/"> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:title" content="Discussion Draft - Proposed License Amendment to Avoid Content Ghettos in the Commons - Creative Commons"> <meta property="og:description" content="For those of us dedicated to creating, expanding and enabling a commons of creativity and knowledge (expressed in a variety of formats), the issue of license interoperability is an important one. Already there has been valuable commentary about the interoperability between content licensed under different types of Creative Commons licenses — specifically, those that permit…"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Creative Commons"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2005-11-17T13:37:07+00:00"> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-09-27T16:07:31+00:00"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time"> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="3 minutes"> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/","url":"https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/","name":"Discussion Draft - Proposed License Amendment to Avoid Content Ghettos in the Commons - Creative Commons","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://creativecommons.org/#website"},"datePublished":"2005-11-17T13:37:07+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-27T16:07:31+00:00","author":{"@id":""},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://creativecommons.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Discussion Draft &#8211; Proposed License Amendment to Avoid Content Ghettos in the Commons"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://creativecommons.org/#website","url":"https://creativecommons.org/","name":"Creative Commons","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://creativecommons.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}</script><!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by MonsterInsights plugin v8.27.0 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.monsterinsights.com/ --> <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-J83GSCH0LS" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '8.27.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/2005\/11\/17\/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-J83GSCH0LS', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-J83GSCH0LS', {"forceSSL":"true","anonymize_ip":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script><!-- / Google Analytics by MonsterInsights --> <script type="text/javascript"> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/14.0.0\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.3.5"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83e\udef1\ud83c\udffb\u200d\ud83e\udef2\ud83c\udfff","\ud83e\udef1\ud83c\udffb\u200b\ud83e\udef2\ud83c\udfff")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style type="text/css"> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <style id="classic-theme-styles-inline-css" type="text/css"> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id="global-styles-inline-css" type="text/css"> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="tablepress-default-css" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/plugins/tablepress/css/build/default.css?ver=2.3.2" type="text/css" media="all"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-for-wordpress/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=8.27.0" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra">/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-J83GSCH0LS"};/* ]]> */ </script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-json/"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/5701"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://creativecommons.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd"> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://creativecommons.org/?p=5701"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcreativecommons.org%2F2005%2F11%2F17%2Fdiscussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons%2F"> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://creativecommons.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcreativecommons.org%2F2005%2F11%2F17%2Fdiscussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons%2F&amp;format=xml"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.tKc6KWkFf-8.O/am=gAE/d=1/rs=AN8SPfrf36LIV3DkhtRBGWFnLWWzaykPyw/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.tKc6KWkFf-8.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrf36LIV3DkhtRBGWFnLWWzaykPyw/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="blog-post"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.tKc6KWkFf-8.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrf36LIV3DkhtRBGWFnLWWzaykPyw/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="en" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://creativecommons.org/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/&amp;anno=2" data-client="tr"></script><a class="skip-to-content" href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/2005/11/17/discussiondraftproposedlicenseamendmenttoavoidcontentghettosinthecommons/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#main-content-marker">Skip to content</a> <header> <div class="masthead"> <h1><a class="identity-logo" href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Creative Commons</a></h1><button class="expand-menu">Menu</button> <!-- below menu is not final items, for testing only --> <nav class="primary-menu"> <ul> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/about/mission?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Who We Are</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/about?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">What We Do</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/share-your-work?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Licenses and Tools</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/blog?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/about/support-cc/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Support Us</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="ancilliary-menu"> <ul><!-- uncomment below line, if translation functionality is present on site --> <!-- <li><button class="locale icon-attach fa-globe">English</button></li> --> <!-- uncomment below line, if search functionality is present on site --> <li><a class="search icon-attach fa-search" href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/?s&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Search</a></li> <li><a class="donate icon-attach fa-heart" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.classy.org/give/313412/%23!/donation/checkout?c_src%3Dwebsite%26c_src2%3Dtop-of-page-banner" target="_blank">Donate</a></li> <li><button class="explore">Explore CC</button></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="explore-panel"><!-- (optional main CC logo, p, link on non-home site back to main site) --> <!-- <aside> <a class="identity-logo" href="#">Creative Commons</a> <h2>Our Work Relies On You!</h2> <p>Help us keep the internet free and open.</p> </aside> --> <nav class="explore-menu"> <ul> <li><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://network.creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Global Network</a> <p>Join a global community working to strengthen the Commons</p></li> <li><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://certificate.creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Certificate</a> <p>Become an expert in creating and engaging with openly licensed materials</p></li> <li><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://summit.creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Global Summit</a> <p>Attend our annual event, promoting the power of open licensing</p></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/choose?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" target="_blank">Chooser</a> <p>Get help choosing the appropriate license for your work</p></li> <li><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://search.creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Search Portal</a> <p>Find engines to search openly licensed material for creative and educational reuse</p></li> <li><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://opensource.creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Open Source</a> <p>Help us build products that maximize creativity and innovation</p></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </header><span id="main-content-marker"></span> <main> <header> <h1>Discussion Draft – Proposed License Amendment to Avoid Content Ghettos in the Commons</h1><span class="byline">by <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/person/mia/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">mia</a> </span> <!-- <p>lead in paragraph</p> --> <span class="categories"> <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/uncategorized/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a></span> <!-- <img src="#" /> --> </header><!-- display ACF field, if ACF installed & activated --> <p>For those of us dedicated to creating, expanding and enabling a commons of creativity and knowledge (expressed in a variety of formats), the issue of license interoperability is an important one. Already there has been <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.intelligentdesigns.net/Licenses/NC">valuable commentary</a> about the interoperability between content licensed under different types of Creative Commons licenses — specifically, those that permit both commercial and noncommercial uses and those that restrict use to noncommercial uses only. These concerns are valid and important, and we are working to address them in our FAQ and general messaging. It is critical that license adopters make a sufficiently informed choice about which license satisfies their requirements, and that they understand the consequences of their license selection _before_ they choose a license.</p> <p>However there is another — arguably more pressing — interoperability issue that arises in the context of content licensed under a Creative Commons license and content licensed under other “free” licenses. As many of these licenses are now crafted, there is no way for creativity to be shared among these licenses, even if the underlying freedoms guaranteed by the licenses are the same.</p> <p>Thus, for example, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.wikipedia.org/">Wikipedia</a> is licensed under the Free Software Foundation’s <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GFDL</a>. That license essentially enables the same freedoms as the Creative Commons <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/licenses/by-sa/2.5/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Attribution-ShareAlike license</a>; but you can’t take content from Wikipedia and mix it with BY-SA photos from <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.flickr.com/">Flickr</a> because the licenses don’t permit interoperability. Even though the underlying freedoms are the same, the legal codes make the content non-interoperability.</p> <p>We want to fix this problem. Over the next few months, Creative Commons will be announcing a project to facilitate the federation of free licenses. Our aim is to make the legal code of those licenses interoperable. We will be working with as many representatives from the free culture movement as we can to build this federation of free licenses. We will appreciate your advice and feedback as we do that.</p> <p>Today we are launching a discussion as a small first step towards that interoperability. This is by no means a solution to the general problem. But it is an effort to smooth the differences between two of the most important free license families.</p> <p>Many have talked about dual-licensing as a solution to the interoperability problem. That is a good first step, but it raises obvious problem that has been <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://lists.ibiblio.org/pipermail/cc-licenses/2005-May/002265.html">eloquently discussed</a> on our cc-licenses list — namely, that whichever license you take content under, any derivatives that you make must then stay under that license.</p> <p>To solve that problem, and to begin this discussion of license interoperability, Creative Commons seeks comment on proposed amendments to Creative Commons licenses that contain a ShareAlike license element. These amendments would enable dual licensing of derivatives. By proposing (and hopefully effecting) the amendments posted <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://lists.ibiblio.org/pipermail/cc-licenses/2005-November/002809.html">here</a>, Creative Commons hopes to enable interoperability between “free” content licenses, encourage dual licensing of open content projects and avoid the depletion those projects by barring the return of derivatives to that project. Again, this is not a long term solution. But while we begin the process of discussion to find that long term solution, we believe this will help many important free culture projects achieve a limited interoperability immediately. We are committed to doing whatever we can to assure that creative work licensed freely can move as freely among licenses as the principles embedded in those licenses will allow.</p> <p>Please circulate your comments to and participate in the debate on the <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://lists.ibiblio.org/mailman/listinfo/cc-licenses">cc-licenses list</a>.</p><!-- display ACF field, if ACF installed & activated --> <span class="pub-date">Posted 17 November 2005</span> <article class="tags"> <h2>Tags</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/tag/weblog/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Weblog</a></li> </ul> </article> <article class="related-posts"> <h2>Related posts</h2> <article class="authored-posts highlight"> <article> <header> <h2><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/2024/03/12/recap-recording-maximizing-the-values-of-open-access-in-cultural-heritage-institutions/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Recap &amp; Recording: Maximizing the Value(s) of Open Access in Cultural Heritage Institutions</a></h2><span class="byline">by <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/person/brigittevezina/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Brigitte Vézina</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/person/jocelyncreativecommons-org/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Jocelyn Miyara</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/person/connorbenedict/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Connor Benedict</a> </span> <span class="categories"> <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/uncategorized/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a> </span> </header> </article> <article> <header> <h2><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/2023/12/13/cc-certificate-translations-in-slovak-bengali-and-localized-french/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">CC Certificate Translations in Slovak, Bengali, and localized French</a></h2><span class="byline">by <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/person/jennryncreativecommons-org/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Jennryn Wetzler</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/person/shannacreativecommons-org/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Shanna Hollich</a> </span> <span class="categories"> <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/cc-certificate/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">CC Certificate</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/community/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Community</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/open-knowledge/open-education/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Open Education</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/uncategorized/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a> </span> </header> </article> <article> <header> <h2><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/2023/11/02/ccs-bettersharing-collection-november-shared-knowledge-shared-future/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">CC’s #BetterSharing Collection | November: Shared Knowledge, Shared Future</a></h2><span class="byline">by <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/person/corrinecreativecommons-org/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Corrine Murray</a> </span> <span class="categories"> <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/uncategorized/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a> </span> </header> </article> <article> <header> <h2><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/2020/12/02/introducing-the-newest-cc-chapter-cc-czech-republic/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Introducing the Newest CC Chapter, CC Czech Republic!</a></h2><span class="categories"> <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/category/uncategorized/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a> </span> </header> </article> </article> </article> </main> <footer><a class="identity-logo" href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Creative Commons</a> <nav class="footer-menu"> <ul> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/about/contact?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mail.creativecommons.org/subscribe" target="_blank">Newsletter</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/privacy?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/policies?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Policies</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/terms?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Terms</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="contact"><!-- this area lacks a heading? --> <h2>Contact Us</h2> <p>Creative Commons <br> PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042</p> <p><a href="mailto:info@creativecommons.org?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">info@creativecommons.org</a></p> <nav class="social-menu"> <ul><!-- <li><a class="icon-replace fa-instagram" href="#">Instagram</a></li> --> <li><a class="icon-replace fa-bluesky" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://bsky.app/profile/creativecommons.bsky.social" target="_blank">Bluesky</a></li> <li><a class="icon-replace fa-mastodon" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mastodon.social/@creativecommons" target="_blank" rel="me">Mastodon</a></li> <li><a class="icon-replace fa-facebook" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.facebook.com/creativecommons" target="_blank">Facebook</a></li> <li><a class="icon-replace fa-linkedin" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.linkedin.com/company/creative-commons/" target="_blank">LinkedIn</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="subscribe"> <h2>Subscribe to our Newsletter</h2> <form action="https://creativecommons.us4.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=fd30364b6577b471373d6076c&amp;id=4603fe102a" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate newsletter" target="_blank" novalidate><input type="email" value="" name="EMAIL" class="email input" id="mce-EMAIL" placeholder="Your email" required> <!-- real people should not fill this in and expect good things - do not remove this or risk form bot signups--> <div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px" aria-hidden="true"><input type="text" name="b_fd30364b6577b471373d6076c_4603fe102a" tabindex="-1" value=""> </div><input type="submit" value="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button small"> </form> </div> <div class="donate"> <h2>Support Our Work</h2> <p>Our work relies on you! Help us keep the Internet free and open.</p><a class="donate icon-attach cc-heart-filled" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.classy.org/give/313412/%23!/donation/checkout?c_src%3Dwebsite%26c_src2%3Dtop-of-page-banner" target="_blank">Donate Now</a> </div> <div class="license"> <p>Except where otherwise <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/policies/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#license">noted</a>, content on this site is licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/licenses/by/4.0/?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license</a>. Icons by <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fontawesome.com/" target="_blank">Font Awesome</a>.</p> <svg><use href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/vocabulary/svg/cc/icons/cc-icons.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cc-logo"></use> </svg> <svg><use href="https://creativecommons-org.translate.goog/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/vocabulary/svg/cc/icons/cc-icons.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cc-by"></use> </svg> </div> </footer> <script src="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/themes/vocabulary-theme/vocabulary/js/vocabulary.js"></script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('en', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10