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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">XRD Crystallography</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">3,414 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>XRD Crystallography</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/XRD_Crystallography">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23859785" data-work_id="23859785" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23859785/Mechanics_in_Steels_through_Microscopy">Mechanics in Steels through Microscopy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The goal of the study consolidated in this thesis is to understand the mechanics in steels using microscopy. In particular, the mechanical response of Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) steels is correlated with their... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23859785" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The goal of the study consolidated in this thesis is to understand the mechanics in steels using microscopy. In particular, the mechanical response of Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) steels is correlated with their microstructures. Chapter 1 introduces the current state of the art of TRIP steels, highlighting the importance of microstructure - mechanical properties - applications relationships. In Chapter 2 the material properties and material processing are described into more detail, and an overview is presented of the characterization techniques used in this thesis. For the purpose of understanding the structure-property relationships, two TRIP steels (Al alloyed TRIP 700 and Si alloyed TRIP 800) and one TRIP assisted Multi Phase or TAMP (Nb microalloyed TAMP 800) steel were investigated in this study. The numbers (700, 800) designate the ultimate tensile strength of the materials. Despite the fact that steels are amongst the most extensively investigated materials, many features of the austenite-martensite transformation process during deformation remain unclarified to date.<br /><br />Deformation induced transformation behavior of retained austenite grains is assessed in Chapter 3 with the help of Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The transformation tendency of retained austenite grains at the surface and inside the bulk as a result of uni-axial tension was investigated on TRIP 800 steel sheets. The experiments showed that the retained austenite grains at the surface have a stronger tendency to transform than the retained austenite grains in the bulk of the material. Local defects, such as twins, lower the stability of austenite grains and thus transform at the earlier stages of the deformation process. Austenite grains positioned at grain boundaries between multiple ferrite grains were amongst the first to transform, whereas austenite grains that are completely embedded in larger ferrite grains were often found to undergo rotations. These differences in strain-induced behavior are likely associated with different stress states and grain rotation capabilities of the austenite grains upon deformation. The rotation angles of embedded austenite grains were found to depend on the crystallographic orientation of the grains with respect to the straining direction. A lowering of Schmid factors of embedded austenite grains is seen to be the reason for the delayed transformation of these grains during the deformation process. The current findings suggest that grain rotation is an additional mechanism contributing to the high ductility of these steels and may be as important as the contribution of the austenite–martensite transformation. Furthermore, EBSD experiments were carried out on TRIP 700 steels which confirmed that the grain rotation behavior is consistent in both TRIP steels.<br /><br />In addition to the austenite-to-martensite phase transformation, the role of alloying elements such as C, Mn, Si, and Al, and their effect on transformations during deformation, are poorly understood and there is an increasing need to gain fundamental insight into this topic. Consequently, in Chapter 4, a combination of Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and high-sensitivity Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) was used to correlate the changes in microstructural features of metastable austenite grains upon deformation along with their respective local chemical compositions in TRIP 700 and TRIP 800 steels. In contrast to current metallurgical beliefs, we found direct evidence that austenite grains with higher Mn content transformed earlier than the grains with lower Mn contents. Various microstructural factors such as the local carbon concentrations, grain size, morphology, crystal lattice orientation in relation to strain direction, location of the grain in relation to its surrounding grains, and the presence of local defects (twins) were investigated. Analysis performed on several twinned austenite grains showed higher enrichment of Mn contents and an early transformation during deformation. At a very local scale, the austenite grains with high Mn contents have an inhomogeneous Mn distribution which can result in local strain acting as a trigger for early transformation. The local variation in manganese content therefore allows for an overall gradual transformation of the retained austenite grains, providing another tunable parameter for deformation induced austenite-to-martensite transformation.<br /><br />Multiphase steels designed with composite strengthening may be further strengthened by grain refinement or precipitation by the addition of microalloying elements. In Chapter 5 we have therefore investigated microstructures and precipitates in a Nb microalloyed TRIP assissted multiphase (TAMP) steel containing ferrite, bainite, martensite and retained austenite. Precipitates were observed in the ferrite, martensite and bainite phases, but not in the austenite phase. Two kinds of precipitates were found in this steel: NbC and novel (Nb,Ti)N phases. The (Nb,Ti)N precipitates were found in different sizes, ranging from 10-150 nm, whereby the larger precipitates have a Ti/Nb atomic ratio of approximately 2.83 - 0.81 and were faceted in shape. Smaller NbC precipitates were found in a size range of 5-20 nm. The (Nb,Ti)N precipitates have a well-defined Nishiyama Wasserman (N-W) orientation relationship with the ferrite matrix, while the NbC precipitates have random orientations. Both NbC and (Nb,Ti)N carbide precipitates are expected to take part in strengthening of these steels. The comparison of calculated lattice parameters and experimental lattice parameters indicates that both precipitates are deficient in carbon and nitrogen contents.<br /><br />In Chapter 6 the investigations on nano-sized precipitates in Al alloyed TRIP 700 steel with Ti micro additions are described. Two types of Ti(N) precipitates were observed with cubic and faceted morphologies. The faceted precipitates were found in a size range of 40-70 nm and the cubic precipitates in a size range of 70-120 nm. The cubic precipitates had higher nitrogen concentrations and exhibited slightly larger lattice parameters than the faceted TiN precipitates. Additionally, spherical shaped Ti2CS precipitates were found with sizes ranging from 20 to 100 nm. Both the cubic and faceted Ti(N) precipitates and Ti2CS precipitates were found in random orientations with respect to the ferrite matrix. A novel iron carbide precipitate was observed in all ferrite grains. These Fe(C) precipitates have sizes ranging from 2 to 5 nm and exhibited disc-shaped morphologies. All the Fe(C) precipitates showed a well-defined Pitsch Schrader (P-S) orientation relationship with the ferrite matrix. From the precipitate size, inter-particle spacing, and lattice misfit calculations, the newly observed Fe(C) precipitates are considered to possess significant potential in enhancing the strength of these steels. Electron microscopy experiments were also carried out on Si alloyed TRIP 800 steels which confirmed that ultrafine Fe(C) precipitates exist in both TRIP counterparts.<br /><br />The elements Chromium (Cr) and Manganese (Mn) are well known in technologically important iron and steel alloys. In Chapter 7 it is revealed for the first time that Cr and Mn have combined to form two novel ternary carbides. These novel ternary carbide phases were identified in TRIP-assisted multi phase (TAMP) steel. The carbides were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Electron diffraction analysis revealed that the Orthorhombic carbide has lattice parameters a = 5.09 Å, b = 6.98 Å, and c = 4.55 Å, with a Pnma space group, while the Monoclinic carbide has lattice parameters a = 6.83 Å, b = 4.54 Å, c = 5.00 Å, and β = 92.2° with a P21/c space group. Excellent agreement was found between calculation and experiment on the lattice parameters and relative atomic positions. Remarkable Mn-Cr alloying leads to these ternary phases having high thermodynamic stabilities. The calculations have shown that introduction of carbon atoms strongly induce magnetism within these structures and that these carbides are stable also at higher pressures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23859785" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="afa67c709cd3596c95da4cb27f38100b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44253297,"asset_id":23859785,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44253297/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46119201" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GaneshKumarTirumalasetty">Ganesh Kumar Tirumalasetty</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46119201" type="text/json">{"id":46119201,"first_name":"Ganesh Kumar","last_name":"Tirumalasetty","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GaneshKumarTirumalasetty","display_name":"Ganesh Kumar Tirumalasetty","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GaneshKumarTirumalasetty?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23859785 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23859785"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23859785, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23859785", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23859785 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23859785; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23859785"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23859785 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23859785"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23859785; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23859785]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23859785").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23859785").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23859785"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Backscatter_Diffraction_EBSD_">Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4237" type="text/json">{"id":4237,"name":"Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Backscatter_Diffraction_EBSD_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy">Transmission Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14076" type="text/json">{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="85282" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steel">Steel</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="85282" type="text/json">{"id":85282,"name":"Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steel?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="92838" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Metallurgy">Physical Metallurgy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="92838" type="text/json">{"id":92838,"name":"Physical Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Metallurgy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23859785]'), work: {"id":23859785,"title":"Mechanics in Steels through Microscopy","created_at":"2016-03-31T03:20:14.955-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23859785/Mechanics_in_Steels_through_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_23859785","summary":"The goal of the study consolidated in this thesis is to understand the mechanics in steels using microscopy. In particular, the mechanical response of Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) steels is correlated with their microstructures. Chapter 1 introduces the current state of the art of TRIP steels, highlighting the importance of microstructure - mechanical properties - applications relationships. In Chapter 2 the material properties and material processing are described into more detail, and an overview is presented of the characterization techniques used in this thesis. For the purpose of understanding the structure-property relationships, two TRIP steels (Al alloyed TRIP 700 and Si alloyed TRIP 800) and one TRIP assisted Multi Phase or TAMP (Nb microalloyed TAMP 800) steel were investigated in this study. The numbers (700, 800) designate the ultimate tensile strength of the materials. Despite the fact that steels are amongst the most extensively investigated materials, many features of the austenite-martensite transformation process during deformation remain unclarified to date.\n\nDeformation induced transformation behavior of retained austenite grains is assessed in Chapter 3 with the help of Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The transformation tendency of retained austenite grains at the surface and inside the bulk as a result of uni-axial tension was investigated on TRIP 800 steel sheets. The experiments showed that the retained austenite grains at the surface have a stronger tendency to transform than the retained austenite grains in the bulk of the material. Local defects, such as twins, lower the stability of austenite grains and thus transform at the earlier stages of the deformation process. Austenite grains positioned at grain boundaries between multiple ferrite grains were amongst the first to transform, whereas austenite grains that are completely embedded in larger ferrite grains were often found to undergo rotations. These differences in strain-induced behavior are likely associated with different stress states and grain rotation capabilities of the austenite grains upon deformation. The rotation angles of embedded austenite grains were found to depend on the crystallographic orientation of the grains with respect to the straining direction. A lowering of Schmid factors of embedded austenite grains is seen to be the reason for the delayed transformation of these grains during the deformation process. The current findings suggest that grain rotation is an additional mechanism contributing to the high ductility of these steels and may be as important as the contribution of the austenite–martensite transformation. Furthermore, EBSD experiments were carried out on TRIP 700 steels which confirmed that the grain rotation behavior is consistent in both TRIP steels.\n\nIn addition to the austenite-to-martensite phase transformation, the role of alloying elements such as C, Mn, Si, and Al, and their effect on transformations during deformation, are poorly understood and there is an increasing need to gain fundamental insight into this topic. Consequently, in Chapter 4, a combination of Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) and high-sensitivity Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) was used to correlate the changes in microstructural features of metastable austenite grains upon deformation along with their respective local chemical compositions in TRIP 700 and TRIP 800 steels. In contrast to current metallurgical beliefs, we found direct evidence that austenite grains with higher Mn content transformed earlier than the grains with lower Mn contents. Various microstructural factors such as the local carbon concentrations, grain size, morphology, crystal lattice orientation in relation to strain direction, location of the grain in relation to its surrounding grains, and the presence of local defects (twins) were investigated. Analysis performed on several twinned austenite grains showed higher enrichment of Mn contents and an early transformation during deformation. At a very local scale, the austenite grains with high Mn contents have an inhomogeneous Mn distribution which can result in local strain acting as a trigger for early transformation. The local variation in manganese content therefore allows for an overall gradual transformation of the retained austenite grains, providing another tunable parameter for deformation induced austenite-to-martensite transformation.\n\nMultiphase steels designed with composite strengthening may be further strengthened by grain refinement or precipitation by the addition of microalloying elements. In Chapter 5 we have therefore investigated microstructures and precipitates in a Nb microalloyed TRIP assissted multiphase (TAMP) steel containing ferrite, bainite, martensite and retained austenite. Precipitates were observed in the ferrite, martensite and bainite phases, but not in the austenite phase. Two kinds of precipitates were found in this steel: NbC and novel (Nb,Ti)N phases. The (Nb,Ti)N precipitates were found in different sizes, ranging from 10-150 nm, whereby the larger precipitates have a Ti/Nb atomic ratio of approximately 2.83 - 0.81 and were faceted in shape. Smaller NbC precipitates were found in a size range of 5-20 nm. The (Nb,Ti)N precipitates have a well-defined Nishiyama Wasserman (N-W) orientation relationship with the ferrite matrix, while the NbC precipitates have random orientations. Both NbC and (Nb,Ti)N carbide precipitates are expected to take part in strengthening of these steels. The comparison of calculated lattice parameters and experimental lattice parameters indicates that both precipitates are deficient in carbon and nitrogen contents.\n\nIn Chapter 6 the investigations on nano-sized precipitates in Al alloyed TRIP 700 steel with Ti micro additions are described. Two types of Ti(N) precipitates were observed with cubic and faceted morphologies. The faceted precipitates were found in a size range of 40-70 nm and the cubic precipitates in a size range of 70-120 nm. The cubic precipitates had higher nitrogen concentrations and exhibited slightly larger lattice parameters than the faceted TiN precipitates. Additionally, spherical shaped Ti2CS precipitates were found with sizes ranging from 20 to 100 nm. Both the cubic and faceted Ti(N) precipitates and Ti2CS precipitates were found in random orientations with respect to the ferrite matrix. A novel iron carbide precipitate was observed in all ferrite grains. These Fe(C) precipitates have sizes ranging from 2 to 5 nm and exhibited disc-shaped morphologies. All the Fe(C) precipitates showed a well-defined Pitsch Schrader (P-S) orientation relationship with the ferrite matrix. From the precipitate size, inter-particle spacing, and lattice misfit calculations, the newly observed Fe(C) precipitates are considered to possess significant potential in enhancing the strength of these steels. Electron microscopy experiments were also carried out on Si alloyed TRIP 800 steels which confirmed that ultrafine Fe(C) precipitates exist in both TRIP counterparts.\n\nThe elements Chromium (Cr) and Manganese (Mn) are well known in technologically important iron and steel alloys. In Chapter 7 it is revealed for the first time that Cr and Mn have combined to form two novel ternary carbides. These novel ternary carbide phases were identified in TRIP-assisted multi phase (TAMP) steel. The carbides were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Electron diffraction analysis revealed that the Orthorhombic carbide has lattice parameters a = 5.09 Å, b = 6.98 Å, and c = 4.55 Å, with a Pnma space group, while the Monoclinic carbide has lattice parameters a = 6.83 Å, b = 4.54 Å, c = 5.00 Å, and β = 92.2° with a P21/c space group. Excellent agreement was found between calculation and experiment on the lattice parameters and relative atomic positions. Remarkable Mn-Cr alloying leads to these ternary phases having high thermodynamic stabilities. The calculations have shown that introduction of carbon atoms strongly induce magnetism within these structures and that these carbides are stable also at higher pressures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44253297,"asset_id":23859785,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46119201,"first_name":"Ganesh Kumar","last_name":"Tirumalasetty","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GaneshKumarTirumalasetty","display_name":"Ganesh Kumar Tirumalasetty","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GaneshKumarTirumalasetty?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4237,"name":"Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Backscatter_Diffraction_EBSD_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":85282,"name":"Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steel?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":92838,"name":"Physical Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Metallurgy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":291658,"name":"Precipitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Precipitation?f_ri=131787"},{"id":739864,"name":"TRIP steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TRIP_steel?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73472506" data-work_id="73472506" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73472506/Raman_crystallographic_and_chemical_characterization_of_rom%C3%A9ite_group_minerals">Raman, crystallographic and chemical characterization of roméite-group minerals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The roméite-group [1,2] is part of the pyrochlore supergroup and comprises some cubic oxides of A2-mB2X6-wY1-n formula in which Sb 5+ predominates in the B-site. Indices m, w and n indicate vacancies in A, X and Y crystallographic sites,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73472506" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The roméite-group [1,2] is part of the pyrochlore supergroup and comprises some cubic oxides of A2-mB2X6-wY1-n formula in which Sb 5+ predominates in the B-site. Indices m, w and n indicate vacancies in A, X and Y crystallographic sites, respectively. A-site is typically occupied by cations with ionic radii greater than 1.0Å or H2O, whereas X-site is usually occupied by O 2-, but smaller amounts of OHor Fare also commonly found. Finally, Y-site is typically occupied by anions O 2-, OHor F-; however, large ionic radii monovalent cations (>1.0Å) such as K + , Cs + and Rb + , or even H2O can occupy it. Since the predominance of Sb 5+ for B site is already known, the correct A and Y main occupants determine different minerals in the group and are important for the discovery of new mineral species [3]. As a source of Sb, the roméite-group minerals are economically relevant, since Sb is present in different applications, from cosmetic industry to the metal alloy production. However, only five roméite-group mineral species, namely fluorcalcioroméite, hydroxycalcioroméite, hydroxyferroroméite, oxycalcioroméite, and oxyplumboroméite have been approved by IMA. Many others can probably be discovered from possible chemical substitutions at crystallographic sites. This study analysed three different samples and determined their chemical composition by electron microprobe analysis and Raman spectra and crystal structure obtained from single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The first sample occurs in Kalugeri Hill, Babuna Valley, Jakupica Mountains, Nezilovo,Veles, Macedonia, whereas the other two occur in Prabornaz Mine, Saint Marcel, Valle d'Aosta, Italy. Sample 1 was identified as fluorcalcioroméite, and samples 2 and 3 as hydroxycalcioroméite. These are the first descriptions of these mineral species at the mentioned occurrences.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73472506" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a8952bb9766409c4ea7d3c639094eb84" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81982459,"asset_id":73472506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81982459/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="151032823" href="https://ueap.academia.edu/GersonAnderson">Gerson Anderson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="151032823" type="text/json">{"id":151032823,"first_name":"Gerson","last_name":"Anderson","domain_name":"ueap","page_name":"GersonAnderson","display_name":"Gerson Anderson","profile_url":"https://ueap.academia.edu/GersonAnderson?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/151032823/48927022/58486478/s65_gerson.anderson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73472506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73472506"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73472506, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73472506", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=73472506]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_73472506").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_73472506").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="73472506"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="414" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineralogy">Mineralogy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="414" type="text/json">{"id":414,"name":"Mineralogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineralogy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9339" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy">Raman Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9339" type="text/json">{"id":9339,"name":"Raman Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9533" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerals">Minerals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9533" type="text/json">{"id":9533,"name":"Minerals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerals?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50630" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_structure">Crystal structure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50630" type="text/json">{"id":50630,"name":"Crystal structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_structure?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=73472506]'), work: {"id":73472506,"title":"Raman, crystallographic and chemical characterization of roméite-group minerals","created_at":"2022-03-10T06:22:18.324-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/73472506/Raman_crystallographic_and_chemical_characterization_of_rom%C3%A9ite_group_minerals?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_73472506","summary":"The roméite-group [1,2] is part of the pyrochlore supergroup and comprises some cubic oxides of A2-mB2X6-wY1-n formula in which Sb 5+ predominates in the B-site. Indices m, w and n indicate vacancies in A, X and Y crystallographic sites, respectively. A-site is typically occupied by cations with ionic radii greater than 1.0Å or H2O, whereas X-site is usually occupied by O 2-, but smaller amounts of OHor Fare also commonly found. Finally, Y-site is typically occupied by anions O 2-, OHor F-; however, large ionic radii monovalent cations (\u003e1.0Å) such as K + , Cs + and Rb + , or even H2O can occupy it. Since the predominance of Sb 5+ for B site is already known, the correct A and Y main occupants determine different minerals in the group and are important for the discovery of new mineral species [3]. As a source of Sb, the roméite-group minerals are economically relevant, since Sb is present in different applications, from cosmetic industry to the metal alloy production. However, only five roméite-group mineral species, namely fluorcalcioroméite, hydroxycalcioroméite, hydroxyferroroméite, oxycalcioroméite, and oxyplumboroméite have been approved by IMA. Many others can probably be discovered from possible chemical substitutions at crystallographic sites. This study analysed three different samples and determined their chemical composition by electron microprobe analysis and Raman spectra and crystal structure obtained from single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The first sample occurs in Kalugeri Hill, Babuna Valley, Jakupica Mountains, Nezilovo,Veles, Macedonia, whereas the other two occur in Prabornaz Mine, Saint Marcel, Valle d'Aosta, Italy. Sample 1 was identified as fluorcalcioroméite, and samples 2 and 3 as hydroxycalcioroméite. These are the first descriptions of these mineral species at the mentioned occurrences.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81982459,"asset_id":73472506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":151032823,"first_name":"Gerson","last_name":"Anderson","domain_name":"ueap","page_name":"GersonAnderson","display_name":"Gerson Anderson","profile_url":"https://ueap.academia.edu/GersonAnderson?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/151032823/48927022/58486478/s65_gerson.anderson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":414,"name":"Mineralogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineralogy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":9339,"name":"Raman Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":9533,"name":"Minerals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerals?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":50630,"name":"Crystal structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystal_structure?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":366146,"name":"Pyrochlores","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pyrochlores?f_ri=131787"},{"id":411828,"name":"Minerais","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minerais?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43264595" data-work_id="43264595" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43264595/Silver_nanoparticles_synthesized_from_Bacillus_subtilis_for_detection_of_deterioration_in_the_post_harvest_spoilage_of_fruit">Silver nanoparticles synthesized from Bacillus subtilis for detection of deterioration in the post-harvest spoilage of fruit</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Global food shortage is mainly due to the post-harvest spoilage of food, rather than its under-production, especially in the sub-Saharan African countries. Rapid detection tools for the spoilage of fruit such as banana (Musa acuminata)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43264595" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Global food shortage is mainly due to the post-harvest spoilage of food, rather than its under-production, especially in the sub-Saharan African countries. Rapid detection tools for the spoilage of fruit such as banana (Musa acuminata) would be a great resource in alleviating losses during post-harvest storage. In this study, silver-based colloidal nanoparticle (AgNPs) solution was synthesized using culture supernatant or wet biomass (cell pellets) of Bacillus subtilis. The synthesized silver nanoparticles solution was confirmed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and further characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier Transmission Infrared (FT-IR), and then evaluated as a colorimetric sensor for the volatile compound released during the deterioration of Musa acuminata. The original reddish brown colour of the silver nanoparticle solution changed to light brown by the end of the fourth day and finally turned transparent on the tenth day. Simultaneous analysis carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy corroborates our investigation of AgNPs as a colorimetric sensor displaying selectivity and specificity for 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methyl propyl) ester which was released during the deterioration of Musa acuminata. The use of colorimetric sensor as conducted in this study will help in easy detection for control of crop deterioration.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43264595" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="642861469d0ac4e8acc683d8c34a4e47" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63537058,"asset_id":43264595,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63537058/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="137452235" href="https://oauife.academia.edu/ROmole">Richard K Omole</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="137452235" type="text/json">{"id":137452235,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Omole","domain_name":"oauife","page_name":"ROmole","display_name":"Richard K Omole","profile_url":"https://oauife.academia.edu/ROmole?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/137452235/36640738/110883084/s65_richard.omole.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43264595 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43264595"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43264595, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43264595", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43264595]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43264595").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43264595").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43264595"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2306" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles">Synthesis of nanoparticles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2306" type="text/json">{"id":2306,"name":"Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5398" type="text/json">{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7871" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy">FTIR spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7871" type="text/json">{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17733" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17733" type="text/json">{"id":17733,"name":"Nanotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43264595]'), work: {"id":43264595,"title":"Silver nanoparticles synthesized from Bacillus subtilis for detection of deterioration in the post-harvest spoilage of fruit","created_at":"2020-06-05T06:09:28.219-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43264595/Silver_nanoparticles_synthesized_from_Bacillus_subtilis_for_detection_of_deterioration_in_the_post_harvest_spoilage_of_fruit?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_43264595","summary":"Global food shortage is mainly due to the post-harvest spoilage of food, rather than its under-production, especially in the sub-Saharan African countries. Rapid detection tools for the spoilage of fruit such as banana (Musa acuminata) would be a great resource in alleviating losses during post-harvest storage. In this study, silver-based colloidal nanoparticle (AgNPs) solution was synthesized using culture supernatant or wet biomass (cell pellets) of Bacillus subtilis. The synthesized silver nanoparticles solution was confirmed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer and further characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier Transmission Infrared (FT-IR), and then evaluated as a colorimetric sensor for the volatile compound released during the deterioration of Musa acuminata. The original reddish brown colour of the silver nanoparticle solution changed to light brown by the end of the fourth day and finally turned transparent on the tenth day. Simultaneous analysis carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy corroborates our investigation of AgNPs as a colorimetric sensor displaying selectivity and specificity for 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methyl propyl) ester which was released during the deterioration of Musa acuminata. The use of colorimetric sensor as conducted in this study will help in easy detection for control of crop deterioration.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63537058,"asset_id":43264595,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":137452235,"first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Omole","domain_name":"oauife","page_name":"ROmole","display_name":"Richard K Omole","profile_url":"https://oauife.academia.edu/ROmole?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/137452235/36640738/110883084/s65_richard.omole.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2306,"name":"Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":17733,"name":"Nanotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":34478,"name":"Food Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science_and_Technology?f_ri=131787"},{"id":38360,"name":"Food Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Security?f_ri=131787"},{"id":57309,"name":"Post Harvest Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post_Harvest_Technology?f_ri=131787"},{"id":75530,"name":"Silver Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silver_Nanoparticles?f_ri=131787"},{"id":112332,"name":"Bacillus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacillus?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":149416,"name":"Bioscience Research and Nanobiosensors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioscience_Research_and_Nanobiosensors?f_ri=131787"},{"id":168481,"name":"UV/Vis spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UV_Vis_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":282020,"name":"Banana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Banana?f_ri=131787"},{"id":386872,"name":"Bacillus subtilis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacillus_subtilis?f_ri=131787"},{"id":839326,"name":"Deterioration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deterioration?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1014988,"name":"SEM/EDS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM_EDS-1?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49381231" data-work_id="49381231" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49381231/Composition_dependence_of_polymorphism_and_electrical_conductivity_in_Ce_IV_doped_Bi4V2O11">Composition dependence of polymorphism and electrical conductivity in Ce(IV)-doped Bi4V2O11</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49381231" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5ce9b9c34b89dc2898d3c93fcb3d3d94" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67751027,"asset_id":49381231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67751027/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="181253775" href="https://taiz.academia.edu/NASAlAreqi">Niyazi A . S . Al-Areqi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="181253775" type="text/json">{"id":181253775,"first_name":"Niyazi","last_name":"Al-Areqi","domain_name":"taiz","page_name":"NASAlAreqi","display_name":"Niyazi A . S . Al-Areqi","profile_url":"https://taiz.academia.edu/NASAlAreqi?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181253775/59787406/48038163/s65_niyazi.alareqi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49381231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49381231"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49381231, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49381231", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49381231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49381231; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49381231"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49381231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49381231"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49381231; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49381231]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49381231").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49381231").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49381231"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3855" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism">Polymorphism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3855" type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27374" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Impedance_Spectroscopy">Impedance Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27374" type="text/json">{"id":27374,"name":"Impedance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Impedance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49381231]'), work: {"id":49381231,"title":"Composition dependence of polymorphism and electrical conductivity in Ce(IV)-doped Bi4V2O11","created_at":"2021-06-25T18:36:11.299-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49381231/Composition_dependence_of_polymorphism_and_electrical_conductivity_in_Ce_IV_doped_Bi4V2O11?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_49381231","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67751027,"asset_id":49381231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":181253775,"first_name":"Niyazi","last_name":"Al-Areqi","domain_name":"taiz","page_name":"NASAlAreqi","display_name":"Niyazi A . S . Al-Areqi","profile_url":"https://taiz.academia.edu/NASAlAreqi?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181253775/59787406/48038163/s65_niyazi.alareqi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":27374,"name":"Impedance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Impedance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":118582,"name":"Physical sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_sciences?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":173963,"name":"Phase transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_transition?f_ri=131787"},{"id":366195,"name":"Ionic Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionic_Conductivity?f_ri=131787"},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_diffraction?f_ri=131787"},{"id":390049,"name":"Electrical Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_Conductivity?f_ri=131787"},{"id":396853,"name":"Differential Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1144236,"name":"Crystalline Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystalline_Structure?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1202042,"name":"Electric Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electric_Conductivity?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1317469,"name":"Oxide Ion Electrolyte","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxide_Ion_Electrolyte?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35511873" data-work_id="35511873" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35511873/STABILIZING_MELES_DELTA_SOILS_AND_MONITORING_THE_BONDING_STRUCTURES_USING_SEM_AND_XRD_ANALYSES">STABILIZING MELES DELTA SOILS AND MONITORING THE BONDING STRUCTURES USING SEM AND XRD ANALYSES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">İzmir Bay reserves high amount of residual alluvial deposits generated by Meles River at its stream mouth. This carried sediments with high water content and low bearing capacity are unsuitable in terms of engineering purposes. In situ... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35511873" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">İzmir Bay reserves high amount of residual alluvial deposits generated by Meles River at its stream mouth. This carried sediments with high water content and low bearing capacity are unsuitable in terms of engineering purposes. In situ soil stabilization with deep soil mixing method is considered to improve properties of soil in this location. This method is widely used especially over Scandinavia, Japan and North America. Basically, the method covers mixing appropriate binder into the soil to improve soil profile according to the engineering needs.<br /><br />In the scope of this study, soil samples were initially provided from the site, classification tests were performed and optimum ratios of lime and cement binders were determined. Following, specimens representing the in situ soil conditions were prepared and cured to be able to determine their engineering properties. Unconfined compression test method was applied to evaluate compressive strengths of samples with different curing periods. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction tests<br />were also performed in accordance with related standards to observe time-dependent bonding progress of samples.<br /><br />In this study, it was aimed to improve Meles River mouth stream soils by lime and cement mixtures and the results obtained throughout the laboratory works were reported. <br /><br />Keywords: Soil stabilization, deep soil mixing, lime-cement mixtures, SEM, XRD.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35511873" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9b9a3dec9c6028c6bf8500f50fe72a92" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55376547,"asset_id":35511873,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55376547/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6705568" href="https://deu.academia.edu/csariavci">Çağrıhan Sarıavcı</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6705568" type="text/json">{"id":6705568,"first_name":"Çağrıhan","last_name":"Sarıavcı","domain_name":"deu","page_name":"csariavci","display_name":"Çağrıhan Sarıavcı","profile_url":"https://deu.academia.edu/csariavci?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35511873 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35511873"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35511873, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35511873", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35511873 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35511873; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35511873"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35511873 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35511873"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35511873; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35511873]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35511873").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35511873").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35511873"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62571" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Stabilization">Soil Stabilization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62571" type="text/json">{"id":62571,"name":"Soil Stabilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Stabilization?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1222728" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binders">Binders</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1222728" type="text/json">{"id":1222728,"name":"Binders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binders?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35511873]'), work: {"id":35511873,"title":"STABILIZING MELES DELTA SOILS AND MONITORING THE BONDING STRUCTURES USING SEM AND XRD ANALYSES","created_at":"2017-12-26T04:06:10.580-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35511873/STABILIZING_MELES_DELTA_SOILS_AND_MONITORING_THE_BONDING_STRUCTURES_USING_SEM_AND_XRD_ANALYSES?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_35511873","summary":"İzmir Bay reserves high amount of residual alluvial deposits generated by Meles River at its stream mouth. This carried sediments with high water content and low bearing capacity are unsuitable in terms of engineering purposes. In situ soil stabilization with deep soil mixing method is considered to improve properties of soil in this location. This method is widely used especially over Scandinavia, Japan and North America. Basically, the method covers mixing appropriate binder into the soil to improve soil profile according to the engineering needs.\n\nIn the scope of this study, soil samples were initially provided from the site, classification tests were performed and optimum ratios of lime and cement binders were determined. Following, specimens representing the in situ soil conditions were prepared and cured to be able to determine their engineering properties. Unconfined compression test method was applied to evaluate compressive strengths of samples with different curing periods. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction tests\nwere also performed in accordance with related standards to observe time-dependent bonding progress of samples.\n\nIn this study, it was aimed to improve Meles River mouth stream soils by lime and cement mixtures and the results obtained throughout the laboratory works were reported. \n\nKeywords: Soil stabilization, deep soil mixing, lime-cement mixtures, SEM, XRD.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55376547,"asset_id":35511873,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6705568,"first_name":"Çağrıhan","last_name":"Sarıavcı","domain_name":"deu","page_name":"csariavci","display_name":"Çağrıhan Sarıavcı","profile_url":"https://deu.academia.edu/csariavci?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":62571,"name":"Soil Stabilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil_Stabilization?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":1222728,"name":"Binders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binders?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":1232537,"name":"Deep Soil Mixing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deep_Soil_Mixing?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44041331" data-work_id="44041331" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44041331/ECO_FRIENDLY_EXTRACTION_AND_CHARACTERIZATION_OF_CELLULOSE_FROM_FENUGREEK_Trigonella_foenum_gracum_L_STEM">ECO-FRIENDLY EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE FROM FENUGREEK (Trigonella foenum-gracum L.) STEM</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Recently, cellulose and its application acquire more attraction in the research and industrial sector due to its desirable properties like its a biopolymer, environment-friendly, inexhaustible, and its thermal and chemical stability are... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44041331" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Recently, cellulose and its application acquire more attraction in the research and industrial sector due to its desirable properties like its a biopolymer, environment-friendly, inexhaustible, and its thermal and chemical stability are also high when fused with composites preparation. The present study reports an eco-friendly process that involved de-waxing, alkali, and bleaching treatments to extract cellulose from the Fenugreek stems (FS). The fenugreek stems are the chief agricultural wastes in India and can consider as absolute raw material for cellulose extraction. The obtained cellulose was characterized along with commercial cellulose to compare the efficiency of the extracted cellulose for its various properties viz., purity, presence or absence of hemicellulose, and lignin, crystallization, thermal stability, and surface morphology. The FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) analysis revealed the successful removal of lignin and hemicellulose functionality. The crystallinity index obtained from XRD (X-ray diffractograms) for commercial and fenugreek cellulose found to be 55.11% and 54.68 %. The DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry) analysis confirms that extracted cellulose has (318 ○ C to 352 ○ C) better thermal stability than of raw fenugreek sample (314 ○ C to 346 ○ C). The SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) confirms that extracted cellulose has a rough and less bulky surface, which indicates the removal of non-cellulosic constituents. The results confirm that applied method gives high-grade quality and a 74% yield of cellulose, which can apply in the preparation of future biopolymer composites.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44041331" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c82700ec9eda6f3ccf3f2e04feb38cb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64381116,"asset_id":44041331,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64381116/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41902734" href="https://gujaratuniversity.academia.edu/UmaHapani">Uma Hapani</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41902734" type="text/json">{"id":41902734,"first_name":"Uma","last_name":"Hapani","domain_name":"gujaratuniversity","page_name":"UmaHapani","display_name":"Uma Hapani","profile_url":"https://gujaratuniversity.academia.edu/UmaHapani?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44041331 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44041331"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44041331, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44041331", }); 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STEM","created_at":"2020-09-08T03:53:10.624-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44041331/ECO_FRIENDLY_EXTRACTION_AND_CHARACTERIZATION_OF_CELLULOSE_FROM_FENUGREEK_Trigonella_foenum_gracum_L_STEM?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_44041331","summary":"Recently, cellulose and its application acquire more attraction in the research and industrial sector due to its desirable properties like its a biopolymer, environment-friendly, inexhaustible, and its thermal and chemical stability are also high when fused with composites preparation. The present study reports an eco-friendly process that involved de-waxing, alkali, and bleaching treatments to extract cellulose from the Fenugreek stems (FS). The fenugreek stems are the chief agricultural wastes in India and can consider as absolute raw material for cellulose extraction. The obtained cellulose was characterized along with commercial cellulose to compare the efficiency of the extracted cellulose for its various properties viz., purity, presence or absence of hemicellulose, and lignin, crystallization, thermal stability, and surface morphology. The FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) analysis revealed the successful removal of lignin and hemicellulose functionality. The crystallinity index obtained from XRD (X-ray diffractograms) for commercial and fenugreek cellulose found to be 55.11% and 54.68 %. The DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry) analysis confirms that extracted cellulose has (318 ○ C to 352 ○ C) better thermal stability than of raw fenugreek sample (314 ○ C to 346 ○ C). The SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) confirms that extracted cellulose has a rough and less bulky surface, which indicates the removal of non-cellulosic constituents. The results confirm that applied method gives high-grade quality and a 74% yield of cellulose, which can apply in the preparation of future biopolymer composites.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64381116,"asset_id":44041331,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41902734,"first_name":"Uma","last_name":"Hapani","domain_name":"gujaratuniversity","page_name":"UmaHapani","display_name":"Uma Hapani","profile_url":"https://gujaratuniversity.academia.edu/UmaHapani?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7602,"name":"Waste recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Waste_recycling?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":12134,"name":"NMR Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NMR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":14085,"name":"Waste Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Waste_Management?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21963,"name":"Solid Waste Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_Waste_Management?f_ri=131787"},{"id":113095,"name":"Adsorption and wastewater treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adsorption_and_wastewater_treatment?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":309895,"name":"Isolation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Isolation?f_ri=131787"},{"id":478483,"name":"SEM microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM_microscopy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":796213,"name":"Thermogrametric analysis , TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermogrametric_analysis_TGA?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1177442,"name":"Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Differential_Scanning_Calorimetry_DSC_?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30309693 coauthored" data-work_id="30309693" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30309693/IL_RESTAURO_DELLA_TOMBA_N_4_1975_DELLA_NECROPOLI_DI_VANNULLO_PAESTUM">IL RESTAURO DELLA TOMBA N. 4 -1975 DELLA NECROPOLI DI VANNULLO -PAESTUM</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30309693" data-share-source="work_strip" 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itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2699121" href="https://uniurb.academia.edu/MariaLetiziaAmadori">Maria Letizia Amadori</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2699121" type="text/json">{"id":2699121,"first_name":"Maria Letizia","last_name":"Amadori","domain_name":"uniurb","page_name":"MariaLetiziaAmadori","display_name":"Maria Letizia Amadori","profile_url":"https://uniurb.academia.edu/MariaLetiziaAmadori?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2699121/20534538/20164991/s65_maria_letizia.amadori.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-30309693">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-30309693"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a 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type="text/json">{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5459" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage_Conservation">Cultural Heritage Conservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5459" type="text/json">{"id":5459,"name":"Cultural Heritage Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage_Conservation?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8516" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funerary_Archaeology">Funerary Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8516" type="text/json">{"id":8516,"name":"Funerary Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funerary_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30309693]'), work: {"id":30309693,"title":"IL RESTAURO DELLA TOMBA N. 4 -1975 DELLA NECROPOLI DI VANNULLO -PAESTUM","created_at":"2016-12-07T06:43:43.786-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30309693/IL_RESTAURO_DELLA_TOMBA_N_4_1975_DELLA_NECROPOLI_DI_VANNULLO_PAESTUM?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_30309693","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50766639,"asset_id":30309693,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2699121,"first_name":"Maria Letizia","last_name":"Amadori","domain_name":"uniurb","page_name":"MariaLetiziaAmadori","display_name":"Maria Letizia Amadori","profile_url":"https://uniurb.academia.edu/MariaLetiziaAmadori?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2699121/20534538/20164991/s65_maria_letizia.amadori.jpg"},{"id":4589118,"first_name":"Sara","last_name":"Barcelli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaraBarcelli","display_name":"Sara Barcelli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaraBarcelli?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4589118/1910839/2264167/s65_sara.barcelli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":5459,"name":"Cultural Heritage Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage_Conservation?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":8516,"name":"Funerary Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funerary_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":11925,"name":"Technologies Applied to Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technologies_Applied_to_Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=131787"},{"id":17374,"name":"Restoration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Restoration?f_ri=131787"},{"id":55872,"name":"Science for Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_for_Conservation_and_Restoration_of_Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=131787"},{"id":103708,"name":"Conservation and Restoration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_and_Restoration?f_ri=131787"},{"id":107625,"name":"Optical microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_microscopy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones?f_ri=131787"},{"id":301540,"name":"Conservation-Restoration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation-Restoration?f_ri=131787"},{"id":434542,"name":"Stone conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stone_conservation?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1019148,"name":"Restoration and Conservation of Ancient and Historic Buildings and Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Restoration_and_Conservation_of_Ancient_and_Historic_Buildings_and_Structures?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1019150,"name":"Consolidation of Painted Ancient Stone Surfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consolidation_of_Painted_Ancient_Stone_Surfaces?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15330728" data-work_id="15330728" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15330728/RF_MEMS_A_Review_on_State_of_Art">RF MEMS: A Review on State of Art</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract- MEMS have been popular these days due to its multifarious utilities and diverse application. Radio frequency technology is one of such potential areas where MEMS has proved its worth. Though RF MEMS being a little newer than... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15330728" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract- MEMS have been popular these days due to its<br />multifarious utilities and diverse application. Radio<br />frequency technology is one of such potential areas where<br />MEMS has proved its worth. Though RF MEMS being a<br />little newer than other MEMS technologies has progressed<br />tremendously and holds rein of communication<br />engineering which is the most important sector for chip<br />industries. In this article various applications of RF<br />MEMS and related switching devices has been focused.<br />Above all, the best possible effort has been given to realize<br />a state of art of RF MEMS related issues from multiple<br />angles of design, application, manufacturing, marketing<br />and industry.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15330728" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f350ea1f518e8d48c93a49ac1d031d5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38637615,"asset_id":15330728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38637615/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33971741" href="https://wsu.academia.edu/ARUNTAPANDASH">ARUNTAPAN DASH</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33971741" type="text/json">{"id":33971741,"first_name":"ARUNTAPAN","last_name":"DASH","domain_name":"wsu","page_name":"ARUNTAPANDASH","display_name":"ARUNTAPAN DASH","profile_url":"https://wsu.academia.edu/ARUNTAPANDASH?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33971741/10075596/127301534/s65_aruntapan.dash.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15330728 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15330728"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15330728, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15330728", }); 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Radio\nfrequency technology is one of such potential areas where\nMEMS has proved its worth. Though RF MEMS being a\nlittle newer than other MEMS technologies has progressed\ntremendously and holds rein of communication\nengineering which is the most important sector for chip\nindustries. In this article various applications of RF\nMEMS and related switching devices has been focused.\nAbove all, the best possible effort has been given to realize\na state of art of RF MEMS related issues from multiple\nangles of design, application, manufacturing, marketing\nand industry.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38637615,"asset_id":15330728,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33971741,"first_name":"ARUNTAPAN","last_name":"DASH","domain_name":"wsu","page_name":"ARUNTAPANDASH","display_name":"ARUNTAPAN DASH","profile_url":"https://wsu.academia.edu/ARUNTAPANDASH?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33971741/10075596/127301534/s65_aruntapan.dash.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":24373,"name":"Atomic Force Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atomic_Force_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":93999,"name":"RF 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data-work_id="35052301" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35052301/PENGENALAN_DASAR_X_RAY_DIFRACTION">PENGENALAN DASAR X-RAY DIFRACTION</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">X-Ray Diffraction is generally used to characterize a test material to determine the composition or constituent material, in order to be used or applied.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35052301" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44648480/PPT_Analisis_X_RAY_XRD_dan_XRF_">PPT Analisis X-RAY (XRD dan XRF)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Penggunaan sinar-X dalam karakterisasi senyawa berupa difraksi sinar-X (XRD) dan fluorisensi sinar-X (XRF)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44648480" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e0d963f9c2fa2f24304d56596a94c015" rel="nofollow" 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$(".js-view-count-work_38942350").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38942350"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38942350]'), work: {"id":38942350,"title":"Xrd (X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy) 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36511374/Structural_morphological_optical_and_photodetector_properties_of_sprayed_Li_doped_ZnO_thin_films">Structural, morphological, optical and photodetector properties of sprayed Li-doped ZnO thin films</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Lithium-doped zinc oxide thin films (ZnO:Li) at different percentages (0–4%) were deposited on glass substrates at 460 °C using the spray pyrolysis technique. The effect of lithium content on the structural, morphological and optical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36511374" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Lithium-doped zinc oxide thin films (ZnO:Li) at different percentages (0–4%) were deposited on glass substrates at 460 °C using the spray pyrolysis technique. The effect of lithium content on the structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO:Li thin films was investigated. First, X-ray diffraction study revealed that undoped and Li-doped ZnO thin films crystallize in hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred orientation of the crystallites along (002) direction. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a clear hexagonal-shaped granular onto the surface of such films. Indeed, the averaged grain size, visualized by SEM, varied from 100 nm, for undoped ZnO, to 200 nm for ZnO:Li 4%. Second, the optical analysis by means of the transmittance and the reflectance measurements revealed that in UV–Vis domain, the average trans-mittance of the ZnO:Li thin films was 75%, while the average reflectance was \35% in the visible range. Moreover, the band gap energy, E g , decreased from 3.285 to 3.264 eV as Li content increases. On the other hand, the photolumi-nescence spectra revealed emission with multiple peaks and exhibited especially two emission bands in UV and visible regions. Finally, the ZnO photodetectors showed superior performance in the view of photocurrent.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36511374" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b095f335e84e66a1fd44a5dc210fb2fd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56431245,"asset_id":36511374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56431245/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="52000500" href="https://louadi.academia.edu/MohamedSalah">Mohamed Salah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="52000500" type="text/json">{"id":52000500,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Salah","domain_name":"louadi","page_name":"MohamedSalah","display_name":"Mohamed Salah","profile_url":"https://louadi.academia.edu/MohamedSalah?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36511374 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36511374"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36511374, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36511374", }); 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The effect of lithium content on the structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO:Li thin films was investigated. First, X-ray diffraction study revealed that undoped and Li-doped ZnO thin films crystallize in hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred orientation of the crystallites along (002) direction. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a clear hexagonal-shaped granular onto the surface of such films. Indeed, the averaged grain size, visualized by SEM, varied from 100 nm, for undoped ZnO, to 200 nm for ZnO:Li 4%. Second, the optical analysis by means of the transmittance and the reflectance measurements revealed that in UV–Vis domain, the average trans-mittance of the ZnO:Li thin films was 75%, while the average reflectance was \\35% in the visible range. Moreover, the band gap energy, E g , decreased from 3.285 to 3.264 eV as Li content increases. On the other hand, the photolumi-nescence spectra revealed emission with multiple peaks and exhibited especially two emission bands in UV and visible regions. Finally, the ZnO photodetectors showed superior performance in the view of photocurrent.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56431245,"asset_id":36511374,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52000500,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Salah","domain_name":"louadi","page_name":"MohamedSalah","display_name":"Mohamed Salah","profile_url":"https://louadi.academia.edu/MohamedSalah?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":33912,"name":"Doping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Doping?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":49427,"name":"Thin Films","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thin_Films?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":1206154,"name":"Optique","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optique?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70330415" data-work_id="70330415" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70330415/Ch_14_Amicone_2021_Belovode_technology_of_pottery_production">Ch 14 Amicone 2021 Belovode: technology of pottery production</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="399" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology">Prehistoric Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="399" type="text/json">{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1724" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_Prehistory_Archaeology_">Balkan Prehistory (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1724" type="text/json">{"id":1724,"name":"Balkan Prehistory 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(Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_Prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":12807,"name":"Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry?f_ri=131787"},{"id":25036,"name":"Balkan archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_archaeology?f_ri=131787"},{"id":25037,"name":"Balkan prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_prehistory?f_ri=131787"},{"id":34552,"name":"European Prehistory (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787"},{"id":34817,"name":"Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistory?f_ri=131787"},{"id":43091,"name":"Ceramic Petrography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Petrography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":44901,"name":"Pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery?f_ri=131787"},{"id":58128,"name":"Ceramics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramics?f_ri=131787"},{"id":72379,"name":"Prehistoric Archeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archeology?f_ri=131787"},{"id":81575,"name":"Pyrotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pyrotechnology?f_ri=131787"},{"id":83012,"name":"Neolithic of the Balkans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_of_the_Balkans?f_ri=131787"},{"id":86259,"name":"Pottery technology and function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_technology_and_function?f_ri=131787"},{"id":122794,"name":"Ancient Ceramic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Ceramic_Technology?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":318836,"name":"Vinca culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vinca_culture?f_ri=131787"},{"id":390995,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscope?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34912907" data-work_id="34912907" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34912907/Structural_and_electrical_characteristics_of_barium_modified_bismuth_sodium_titanate_Bi_0_49_Na_0_49_Ba_0_02_TiO_3">Structural and electrical characteristics of barium modified bismuth-sodium titanate (Bi 0.49 Na 0.49 Ba 0.02 )TiO 3</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The lead-free polycrystalline ceramic, barium titanate modified bismuth–sodium titanate 0.98(Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3) + 0.02 BaTiO3 (BNT–BT-2) was synthesized by using a mixed oxide route at high temperature. The structural (crystal structure,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34912907" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The lead-free polycrystalline ceramic, barium titanate modified bismuth–sodium titanate 0.98(Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3) + 0.02 BaTiO3<br />(BNT–BT-2) was synthesized by using a mixed oxide route at high temperature. The structural (crystal structure, microstructure, molecular<br />structure), and electrical (dielectric constant and loss,<br />impedance, conductivity) characteristics of the parent compound<br />(<br />Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3) have greatly been influenced by the<br />addition of even a small amount of barium titanate in it.<br />Preliminary structural study of BNT–BT-2 using X-ray diffraction<br />data clearly shows the formation of a single-phase<br />perovskite structure with the coexistence of hexagonal<br />(major phase) and tetragonal (minor) phases. The existence<br />of diffuse phase transtition and the relaxor behaviour in the<br />material is confirmed by analysis of temperature-frequency<br />dependence of dielectric parameters. The composition<br />(0.98BNT − 0.02BT) of the material shows non-Ohmic conduction<br />in its J–E characteristics. In this lead-free ceramic, permittivity anomalies are matched to modulus anomalies.<br />The highlighted features are determined by structural phase<br />transitions of the ferroelectric-like.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34912907" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6b76e5fdb14823ef91fe2cd4d4e5b757" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54774040,"asset_id":34912907,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54774040/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11844380" href="https://soauniversity.academia.edu/SugatoHajra">Sugato Hajra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11844380" type="text/json">{"id":11844380,"first_name":"Sugato","last_name":"Hajra","domain_name":"soauniversity","page_name":"SugatoHajra","display_name":"Sugato Hajra","profile_url":"https://soauniversity.academia.edu/SugatoHajra?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11844380/3460768/16933617/s65_sugato.hajra.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34912907 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34912907"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34912907, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34912907", }); 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The structural (crystal structure, microstructure, molecular\nstructure), and electrical (dielectric constant and loss,\nimpedance, conductivity) characteristics of the parent compound\n(\nBi0.5Na0.5TiO3) have greatly been influenced by the\naddition of even a small amount of barium titanate in it.\nPreliminary structural study of BNT–BT-2 using X-ray diffraction\ndata clearly shows the formation of a single-phase\nperovskite structure with the coexistence of hexagonal\n(major phase) and tetragonal (minor) phases. The existence\nof diffuse phase transtition and the relaxor behaviour in the\nmaterial is confirmed by analysis of temperature-frequency\ndependence of dielectric parameters. The composition\n(0.98BNT − 0.02BT) of the material shows non-Ohmic conduction\nin its J–E characteristics. In this lead-free ceramic, permittivity anomalies are matched to modulus anomalies.\nThe highlighted features are determined by structural phase\ntransitions of the ferroelectric-like.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54774040,"asset_id":34912907,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11844380,"first_name":"Sugato","last_name":"Hajra","domain_name":"soauniversity","page_name":"SugatoHajra","display_name":"Sugato Hajra","profile_url":"https://soauniversity.academia.edu/SugatoHajra?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11844380/3460768/16933617/s65_sugato.hajra.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":99790,"name":"Dielectric Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dielectric_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div 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Balkans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_of_the_Balkans?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":318836,"name":"Vinca culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vinca_culture?f_ri=131787"},{"id":390995,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscope?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23379630 coauthored" data-work_id="23379630" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23379630/M%C3%B6ssbauer_spectra_of_tin_IV_iodide_complexes">Mössbauer spectra of tin(IV) iodide complexes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The first examples of compounds containing the [SnR2I3] anion, i.e. [Bun4N][SnR2I3] (R = Me or Ph), have been prepared and characterized by IR, Raman and 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopies, and X-ray powder diffraction data. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23379630" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The first examples of compounds containing the [SnR2I3] anion, i.e. [Bun4N][SnR2I3] (R = Me or Ph), have been prepared and characterized by IR, Raman and 119Sn Mössbauer  spectroscopies, and X-ray powder diffraction data. The experimental data are consistent with a trigonal bipyramidal structure, with the R groups in equatorial positions, for the [SnR2I3] anions. Octahedral [SnR2I4]2 anions could not be isolated and it is shown that the previously reported [Bun<br />4N]2[SnMe2I4] is actually a 1 : 1 mixture of Bun 4NI and [Bun<br />4N][SnMe2I3]. The X-ray powder structure of Cs2SnI6 has been refined by the Rietveld method. The compound crystallises in the cubic Fm3m space group with a = 11.6410(3) Å and a Sn–I distance of 2.864(1) Å. The Sn–I distances in Cs2SnI6,<br />SnI4(bipy), SnI4(Ph3PO)2 and SnI4(Ph2SO)2 are related to the Mössbauer quadrupole splitting, showing that ligands that are weaker donors than I (i.e. have a more positive partial quadrupole splitting) give rise to Sn–I distances that are shorter than for the [SnI6]2 anion</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23379630" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49e03dd48eeb3c6a113284056450c8c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43829715,"asset_id":23379630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43829715/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45183455" href="https://uam.academia.edu/RamonFernandezRuiz">Ramón Fernández-Ruiz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45183455" type="text/json">{"id":45183455,"first_name":"Ramón","last_name":"Fernández-Ruiz","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"RamonFernandezRuiz","display_name":"Ramón Fernández-Ruiz","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/RamonFernandezRuiz?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45183455/12002763/13372376/s65_ramo_n.ferna_ndez-ruiz.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-23379630">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-23379630"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/TudelaDavid">David Tudela</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-23379630'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-23379630').html(); 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The experimental data are consistent with a trigonal bipyramidal structure, with the R groups in equatorial positions, for the [SnR2I3]\u0001 anions. Octahedral [SnR2I4]2\u0001 anions could not be isolated and it is shown that the previously reported [Bun\n4N]2[SnMe2I4] is actually a 1 : 1 mixture of Bun 4NI and [Bun\n4N][SnMe2I3]. The X-ray powder structure of Cs2SnI6 has been refined by the Rietveld method. The compound crystallises in the cubic Fm3m space group with a = 11.6410(3) Å and a Sn–I distance of 2.864(1) Å. The Sn–I distances in Cs2SnI6,\nSnI4(bipy), SnI4(Ph3PO)2 and SnI4(Ph2SO)2 are related to the Mössbauer quadrupole splitting, showing that ligands that are weaker donors than I\u0001 (i.e. have a more positive partial quadrupole splitting) give rise to Sn–I distances that are shorter than for the [SnI6]2\u0001 anion","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43829715,"asset_id":23379630,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45183455,"first_name":"Ramón","last_name":"Fernández-Ruiz","domain_name":"uam","page_name":"RamonFernandezRuiz","display_name":"Ramón Fernández-Ruiz","profile_url":"https://uam.academia.edu/RamonFernandezRuiz?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45183455/12002763/13372376/s65_ramo_n.ferna_ndez-ruiz.jpg"},{"id":45357144,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Tudela","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TudelaDavid","display_name":"David Tudela","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TudelaDavid?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":29619,"name":"Rietveld refinement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rietveld_refinement?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37549398 coauthored" data-work_id="37549398" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37549398/The_organization_of_ceramic_production_A_comparative_analysis_of_typology_and_petrography_at_the_Avar_Age_settlement_of_Daruszentmikl%C3%B3s_Hungary_">The organization of ceramic production: A comparative analysis of typology and petrography at the Avar Age settlement of Daruszentmiklós (Hungary)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Following the typological evaluation of the various fast wheeled, slow wheeled and hand formed pottery revealed at the Avar Age settlement of Daruszentmiklós F05, 58 samples were chosen and subjected to petrographic, XRD and XRF analyses.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37549398" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Following the typological evaluation of the various fast wheeled, slow wheeled and hand formed pottery revealed at the Avar Age settlement of Daruszentmiklós F05, 58 samples were chosen and subjected to petrographic, XRD and XRF analyses. The study compares the results of the archaeological and archaeometric investigations, and evaluates the relationship between the groups created by archaeological, petrographic and geochemical methods. The petrographic results available from other Avar Age sites have also been taken into consideration. By these means unexpected correlations could be observed. Finally, an attempt has been made to reconstruct former ceramic manufacturing practices, and draw conclusions regarding the possible ways of social organization of the time.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37549398" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="599c6e5de89585a0aea6c179ee60e1a4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57524772,"asset_id":37549398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57524772/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1229185" href="https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter">Attila Kreiter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1229185" type="text/json">{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-37549398">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-37549398"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://geokemia.academia.edu/BernadettBajn%C3%B3czi">Bernadett Bajnóczi</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://geokemia.academia.edu/M%C3%A1riaT%C3%B3th">Mária Tóth</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-37549398'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-37549398').html(); 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The study compares the results of the archaeological and archaeometric investigations, and evaluates the relationship between the groups created by archaeological, petrographic and geochemical methods. The petrographic results available from other Avar Age sites have also been taken into consideration. By these means unexpected correlations could be observed. Finally, an attempt has been made to reconstruct former ceramic manufacturing practices, and draw conclusions regarding the possible ways of social organization of the time.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57524772,"asset_id":37549398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"},{"id":4854708,"first_name":"Bernadett","last_name":"Bajnóczi","domain_name":"geokemia","page_name":"BernadettBajnóczi","display_name":"Bernadett Bajnóczi","profile_url":"https://geokemia.academia.edu/BernadettBajn%C3%B3czi?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4854708/2081156/2502223/s65_bernadett.bajn_czi.jpg"},{"id":1132118,"first_name":"Mária","last_name":"Tóth","domain_name":"geokemia","page_name":"MáriaTóth","display_name":"Mária Tóth","profile_url":"https://geokemia.academia.edu/M%C3%A1riaT%C3%B3th?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1132118/797861/992791/s65_m_ria.t_th.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2213,"name":"Pottery (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":2786,"name":"Ceramic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Technology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":16007,"name":"Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":24827,"name":"Ceramics (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramics_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787"},{"id":34555,"name":"Archaeology of the Avars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Avars?f_ri=131787"},{"id":43091,"name":"Ceramic Petrography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Petrography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":86259,"name":"Pottery technology and function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_technology_and_function?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":261331,"name":"Archaeology Of The Migration Period And The Early Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_Of_The_Migration_Period_And_The_Early_Middle_Ages?f_ri=131787"},{"id":525046,"name":"Pottery Firing Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Firing_Techniques?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38961597" data-work_id="38961597" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38961597/Clay_minerals_Identification_effects_in_reservoir_evaluation_and_their_applications_in_Petroleum_industry">Clay minerals Identification, effects in reservoir evaluation and their applications in Petroleum industry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The impact of clay minerals within a petroleum reservoir is a well-known problem. They acts as double-edged weapons upon reservoir properties such as porosity and permeability. However, clay minerals not only can affect the reservoir... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38961597" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The impact of clay minerals within a petroleum reservoir is a well-known problem. They acts as double-edged weapons upon reservoir properties such as porosity and permeability. However, clay minerals not only can affect the reservoir properties, but they also have impact upon those measured physical data that are used to evaluate the reservoir properties, upon the forms of the petrophysical relationships between subsets of these parameters and upon log response. Thus, this leads to inaccurate values of porosity, water saturation, permeability and other useful output of the reservoir petrophysical measurement in both conventional and unconventional reservoirs. Any interpretation based on that mislead data may drastically change the economics of the drilling program and business opportunities will be missed.  <br /><br />It is therefore very important for both Geoscientists and Petrophysicists to identify the different types of clay minerals, and their properties within a petroleum reservoir prior to any useful evaluation. Unfortunately, there arose series of problems in identifying different types of clay minerals for reservoir evaluation. In shale reservoirs (which is unconventional)  for example, determining the clay composition is a significant challenge considering the chemical complexity and heterogeneous nature of the shale. Considering the fact that the physical (i.e., permeability, fracability, wettability) and chemical properties of shale rocks depend strongly on the type and amount of clay minerals present, understanding the relationship between clay mineralogy and the reservoir physical parameters is therefore crucially important in characterizing and developing the reservoir. Proper knowledge and good understanding of clay minerology and their applications in petroleum industry is essential in all oil business life cycle (Exploration, Appraisal, Production and Development).  <br /><br />The purpose of this presentation is therefore to highlight the difficulties of clay minerals identification, delineate the effect of the identified minerals upon the reservoir properties; either enhancing or destroying them as well as to bring into light different solutions that can be used in addressing the problems or challenges of identifying clay minerals in reservoir evolution through integration of certain different methods.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38961597" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e6aeb25686da36c2025410e0e4bd29e5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59064779,"asset_id":38961597,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59064779/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24830359" href="https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik">Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24830359" type="text/json">{"id":24830359,"first_name":"Abubakar","last_name":"Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"ProfAsik","display_name":"Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24830359/8984527/39255908/s65_abubakar.surajo_ibrahim_kirare.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38961597 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38961597"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38961597, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38961597", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38961597]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38961597").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38961597").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38961597"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="406" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology">Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="406" type="text/json">{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="409" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics">Geophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="409" type="text/json">{"id":409,"name":"Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2733" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrophysics">Petrophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2733" type="text/json">{"id":2733,"name":"Petrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrophysics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20615" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum_geology">Petroleum geology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20615" type="text/json">{"id":20615,"name":"Petroleum geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum_geology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38961597]'), work: {"id":38961597,"title":"Clay minerals Identification, effects in reservoir evaluation and their applications in Petroleum industry","created_at":"2019-04-28T10:18:10.282-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38961597/Clay_minerals_Identification_effects_in_reservoir_evaluation_and_their_applications_in_Petroleum_industry?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_38961597","summary":"The impact of clay minerals within a petroleum reservoir is a well-known problem. They acts as double-edged weapons upon reservoir properties such as porosity and permeability. However, clay minerals not only can affect the reservoir properties, but they also have impact upon those measured physical data that are used to evaluate the reservoir properties, upon the forms of the petrophysical relationships between subsets of these parameters and upon log response. Thus, this leads to inaccurate values of porosity, water saturation, permeability and other useful output of the reservoir petrophysical measurement in both conventional and unconventional reservoirs. Any interpretation based on that mislead data may drastically change the economics of the drilling program and business opportunities will be missed. \n\nIt is therefore very important for both Geoscientists and Petrophysicists to identify the different types of clay minerals, and their properties within a petroleum reservoir prior to any useful evaluation. Unfortunately, there arose series of problems in identifying different types of clay minerals for reservoir evaluation. In shale reservoirs (which is unconventional) for example, determining the clay composition is a significant challenge considering the chemical complexity and heterogeneous nature of the shale. Considering the fact that the physical (i.e., permeability, fracability, wettability) and chemical properties of shale rocks depend strongly on the type and amount of clay minerals present, understanding the relationship between clay mineralogy and the reservoir physical parameters is therefore crucially important in characterizing and developing the reservoir. Proper knowledge and good understanding of clay minerology and their applications in petroleum industry is essential in all oil business life cycle (Exploration, Appraisal, Production and Development). \n\nThe purpose of this presentation is therefore to highlight the difficulties of clay minerals identification, delineate the effect of the identified minerals upon the reservoir properties; either enhancing or destroying them as well as to bring into light different solutions that can be used in addressing the problems or challenges of identifying clay minerals in reservoir evolution through integration of certain different methods.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59064779,"asset_id":38961597,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24830359,"first_name":"Abubakar","last_name":"Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","domain_name":"cairo","page_name":"ProfAsik","display_name":"Abubakar Surajo Ibrahim Kirare","profile_url":"https://cairo.academia.edu/ProfAsik?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24830359/8984527/39255908/s65_abubakar.surajo_ibrahim_kirare.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":409,"name":"Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":2733,"name":"Petrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrophysics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":20615,"name":"Petroleum geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum_geology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21728,"name":"Clay Minerals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clay_Minerals?f_ri=131787"},{"id":24963,"name":"Exploration Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploration_Geophysics?f_ri=131787"},{"id":26679,"name":"Petrophysics of the carbonates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrophysics_of_the_carbonates?f_ri=131787"},{"id":39911,"name":"Well Log Interpretation/Well Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Well_Log_Interpretation_Well_Control?f_ri=131787"},{"id":90677,"name":"Petroleum Geoscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum_Geoscience?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":166324,"name":"Thin Section Petrography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thin_Section_Petrography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":300393,"name":"Clays and Technological Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clays_and_Technological_Applications?f_ri=131787"},{"id":317317,"name":"sedimentology, XRD clay mineralogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/sedimentology_XRD_clay_mineralogy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":333566,"name":"Clay mineralogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clay_mineralogy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":379601,"name":"Unconventional oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Unconventional_oil_and_gas?f_ri=131787"},{"id":563246,"name":"Petrophysics and Well Logging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrophysics_and_Well_Logging?f_ri=131787"},{"id":682261,"name":"Cairo University","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cairo_University?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1664516,"name":"Petroleum Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum_Engineering?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77652685" data-work_id="77652685" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77652685/2021_Arkeolojik_ve_Tarihi_Metallerde_Korozyon_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCnlerinin_Tan%C4%B1mlanmas%C4%B1nda_X_%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1_Toz_K%C4%B1r%C4%B1n%C4%B1m%C4%B1_XRD_Spektroskopisi_Kullan%C4%B1m%C4%B1_Using_X_ray_Powder_Diffraction_XRD_Spectroscopy_to_Identify_Corrosion_Products_in_Archaeological_and_Historical_Metals_abstract_in_Turkish_and_English_">2021 - Arkeolojik ve Tarihi Metallerde Korozyon Ürünlerinin Tanımlanmasında X-ışını Toz Kırınımı (XRD) Spektroskopisi Kullanımı / Using X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) Spectroscopy to Identify Corrosion Products in Archaeological and Historical Metals (abstract in Turkish and English)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77652685" data-share-source="work_strip" 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KARATAK","profile_url":"https://ahbv.academia.edu/Atalay_KARATAK?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/363111/95709/134211319/s65_atalay.karatak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12807,"name":"Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":24522,"name":"Archaeometallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":26370,"name":"Conservation Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation_Science?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":106409,"name":"Archaeometallurgy, Mineralogy, Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgy_Mineralogy_Archaeometry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD 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unexpected content</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74029755" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1ac7936c07d650b1d72fcd5c9a388978" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82431235,"asset_id":74029755,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74029755]'), work: {"id":74029755,"title":"Ceramic miniature bottles at the beginning of the Copper age in the south-eastern Alpine region: prestigious containers revealing unexpected content","created_at":"2022-03-18T12:36:38.311-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74029755/Ceramic_miniature_bottles_at_the_beginning_of_the_Copper_age_in_the_south_eastern_Alpine_region_prestigious_containers_revealing_unexpected_content?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_74029755","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82431235,"asset_id":74029755,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4706684,"first_name":"Bine","last_name":"Kramberger","domain_name":"zvkd","page_name":"BineKramberger","display_name":"Bine Kramberger","profile_url":"https://zvkd.academia.edu/BineKramberger?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4706684/1986117/7435885/s65_bine.kramberger.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":12587,"name":"Neolithic \u0026 Chalcolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_and_Chalcolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":16007,"name":"Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":67648,"name":"GC-MS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GC-MS?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31092246 coauthored" data-work_id="31092246" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31092246/Green_Synthesis_of_Silver_Nanoparticles_from_Aqueous_Leaf_and_Stem_Extract_and_Its_Anti_Microbial_Activity">Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Aqueous Leaf and Stem Extract and Its Anti-Microbial Activity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Green synthesis of nanoparticle is an effective and adaptable technique evolved from Nano-biotechnology. Our study focused on a rapid and eco-friendly green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution by using... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31092246" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Green synthesis of nanoparticle is an effective and adaptable technique evolved from Nano-biotechnology. Our study focused on a rapid and eco-friendly green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution by using Scallion leaf extract and solvent solution from Banana pseudo stem. Reduction of silver ions to silver Nano particles was visually observed from yellowish green to brown color after the addition of silver nitrate at 2minute reaction time. The synthesized silver nanoparticle were analyzed by UV-Visible spectroscopy by which it showed a absorbance band between 400-500 nm and further characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis showed a high peak at 1384cm-1 comprising the functional group of C-H rock and alk enes in aqueous extract of banana stem and similarly the highest peak in scallion leaves was 3655.25 cm-1 and showed the characteristics of O-H stretch free hydroxyl group. And finally antibacterial and antifungal activity was performed by well diffusion m ethod but there is no significant effect against E.coli and Staphylococcus whereas zone of inhibition was observed against Aspergillus species when the concentration was increased.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31092246" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dc8e04d2e05ace1f615fd5423060147e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51527166,"asset_id":31092246,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51527166/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58026461" href="https://vengaayam.academia.edu/AJRE">Asian Journal for Research and Engineering (AJRE)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58026461" type="text/json">{"id":58026461,"first_name":"Asian Journal for Research and Engineering","last_name":"(AJRE)","domain_name":"vengaayam","page_name":"AJRE","display_name":"Asian Journal for Research and Engineering (AJRE)","profile_url":"https://vengaayam.academia.edu/AJRE?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58026461/15203830/15885394/s65_asian_journal_for_research_and_engineering.ajre.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-31092246">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-31092246"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HarithaV3">Haritha V</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-31092246'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-31092246').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31092246 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31092246"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31092246; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31092246]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31092246").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31092246").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31092246"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2306" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles">Synthesis of nanoparticles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2306" type="text/json">{"id":2306,"name":"Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7871" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy">FTIR spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7871" type="text/json">{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13621" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoparticles">Nanoparticles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13621" type="text/json">{"id":13621,"name":"Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25645" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobials">Antimicrobials</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25645" type="text/json">{"id":25645,"name":"Antimicrobials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobials?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31092246]'), work: {"id":31092246,"title":"Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Aqueous Leaf and Stem Extract and Its Anti-Microbial Activity","created_at":"2017-01-27T01:56:48.474-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31092246/Green_Synthesis_of_Silver_Nanoparticles_from_Aqueous_Leaf_and_Stem_Extract_and_Its_Anti_Microbial_Activity?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_31092246","summary":"Green synthesis of nanoparticle is an effective and adaptable technique evolved from Nano-biotechnology. Our study focused on a rapid and eco-friendly green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution by using Scallion leaf extract and solvent solution from Banana pseudo stem. Reduction of silver ions to silver Nano particles was visually observed from yellowish green to brown color after the addition of silver nitrate at 2minute reaction time. The synthesized silver nanoparticle were analyzed by UV-Visible spectroscopy by which it showed a absorbance band between 400-500 nm and further characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis showed a high peak at 1384cm-1 comprising the functional group of C-H rock and alk enes in aqueous extract of banana stem and similarly the highest peak in scallion leaves was 3655.25 cm-1 and showed the characteristics of O-H stretch free hydroxyl group. And finally antibacterial and antifungal activity was performed by well diffusion m ethod but there is no significant effect against E.coli and Staphylococcus whereas zone of inhibition was observed against Aspergillus species when the concentration was increased.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51527166,"asset_id":31092246,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58026461,"first_name":"Asian Journal for Research and Engineering","last_name":"(AJRE)","domain_name":"vengaayam","page_name":"AJRE","display_name":"Asian Journal for Research and Engineering (AJRE)","profile_url":"https://vengaayam.academia.edu/AJRE?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58026461/15203830/15885394/s65_asian_journal_for_research_and_engineering.ajre.jpg"},{"id":59802162,"first_name":"Haritha","last_name":"V","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HarithaV3","display_name":"Haritha V","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HarithaV3?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59802162/19132166/19080594/s65_haritha.v.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2306,"name":"Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":13621,"name":"Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":25645,"name":"Antimicrobials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobials?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":36604,"name":"Green Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787"},{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=131787"},{"id":75530,"name":"Silver Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silver_Nanoparticles?f_ri=131787"},{"id":111007,"name":"Antimicrobial activity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobial_activity?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":167719,"name":"Green Synthesis of silver nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Synthesis_of_silver_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787"},{"id":186080,"name":"XRD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD?f_ri=131787"},{"id":220036,"name":"Antimicrobial","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antimicrobial?f_ri=131787"},{"id":556774,"name":"Micro-Raman and FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micro-Raman_and_FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":773447,"name":"FTIR SPECTROSCOPY CULTURAL HERITAGE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_SPECTROSCOPY_CULTURAL_HERITAGE?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39083915" data-work_id="39083915" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39083915/Mineralogical_and_thermal_analyses_of_the_Hellenistic_ceramics_from_Laodicea_Temple_Iran">Mineralogical and thermal analyses of the Hellenistic ceramics from Laodicea Temple, Iran</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this study, thermal behavior of the Hellenistic ceramics from Laodicea Temple (Seleucid period), Iran, was investigated through spectroscopic, thermogravimetric, mineralogical and chemical analyses. The results indicate the same... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39083915" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this study, thermal behavior of the Hellenistic ceramics from Laodicea Temple (Seleucid period), Iran, was investigated through spectroscopic, thermogravimetric, mineralogical and chemical analyses. The results indicate the same calcareous raw material was used for the ceramic production. On the basis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), four firing temperature ranges can be established: T < 750 °C, 850-900 °C, 950-1000 °C and 1000-1050 °C. These ceramics were differentiated based on different mineralogical phases resulting from the different firing temperatures. For low temperature fired ceramics, the main crystalline phases were calcite and quartz. Gehlenite is the predominant new mineral at 850 °C. CaO reacts with gehlenite and forms anorthite at around 950 °C. Diopside grows with increasing firing temperature up to 1050 °C in the Ca and Mg-rich clayey compositions and an oxidizing atmosphere, corroborated by trace hematite. The contemporaneous presence of secondary calcite and newly formed crystalline phases (diopside, gehlenite) at high temperatures indicates fast heating rate and/or short soaking time as well as coarse-grained primary calcite. Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry indicates a considerable change in phase structures and a progressive decrease and broadening in calcite bands as a function of firing temperature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39083915" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6ff02d4dd1c0933b0a67c4b54c966406" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59201016,"asset_id":39083915,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59201016/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="395318" href="https://aui-ir.academia.edu/ProfDrrernatMohammadaminEmami">Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Mohammadamin Emami</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="395318" type="text/json">{"id":395318,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Mohammadamin","last_name":"Emami","domain_name":"aui-ir","page_name":"ProfDrrernatMohammadaminEmami","display_name":"Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Mohammadamin Emami","profile_url":"https://aui-ir.academia.edu/ProfDrrernatMohammadaminEmami?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/395318/98796/48619348/s65_associated_prof._mohammadamin.emami.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39083915 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39083915"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39083915, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39083915", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39083915 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39083915; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39083915"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39083915 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39083915"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39083915; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39083915]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39083915").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39083915").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39083915"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39083915]'), work: {"id":39083915,"title":"Mineralogical and thermal analyses of the Hellenistic ceramics from Laodicea Temple, Iran","created_at":"2019-05-10T03:15:57.172-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39083915/Mineralogical_and_thermal_analyses_of_the_Hellenistic_ceramics_from_Laodicea_Temple_Iran?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_39083915","summary":"In this study, thermal behavior of the Hellenistic ceramics from Laodicea Temple (Seleucid period), Iran, was investigated through spectroscopic, thermogravimetric, mineralogical and chemical analyses. The results indicate the same calcareous raw material was used for the ceramic production. On the basis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), four firing temperature ranges can be established: T \u003c 750 °C, 850-900 °C, 950-1000 °C and 1000-1050 °C. These ceramics were differentiated based on different mineralogical phases resulting from the different firing temperatures. For low temperature fired ceramics, the main crystalline phases were calcite and quartz. Gehlenite is the predominant new mineral at 850 °C. CaO reacts with gehlenite and forms anorthite at around 950 °C. Diopside grows with increasing firing temperature up to 1050 °C in the Ca and Mg-rich clayey compositions and an oxidizing atmosphere, corroborated by trace hematite. The contemporaneous presence of secondary calcite and newly formed crystalline phases (diopside, gehlenite) at high temperatures indicates fast heating rate and/or short soaking time as well as coarse-grained primary calcite. Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry indicates a considerable change in phase structures and a progressive decrease and broadening in calcite bands as a function of firing temperature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59201016,"asset_id":39083915,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":395318,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Mohammadamin","last_name":"Emami","domain_name":"aui-ir","page_name":"ProfDrrernatMohammadaminEmami","display_name":"Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Mohammadamin Emami","profile_url":"https://aui-ir.academia.edu/ProfDrrernatMohammadaminEmami?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/395318/98796/48619348/s65_associated_prof._mohammadamin.emami.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49447760 coauthored" data-work_id="49447760" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49447760/PREPARATION_OF_CERIUM_DOPED_NICKEL_OXIDE_FOR_LOWER_REDUCTION_TEMPERATURE_IN_CARBON_MONOXIDE_ATMOSPHERE_Penyediaan_Serium_yang_Didopkan_ke_atas_Nikel_Oksida_untuk_Suhu_Penurunan_Lebih_Rendah_dalam_Atmosfera_Karbon_Monoksida">PREPARATION OF CERIUM DOPED NICKEL OXIDE FOR LOWER REDUCTION TEMPERATURE IN CARBON MONOXIDE ATMOSPHERE (Penyediaan Serium yang Didopkan ke atas Nikel Oksida untuk Suhu Penurunan Lebih Rendah dalam Atmosfera Karbon Monoksida</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The reduction behavior of cerium nickel oxide (Ce/NiO) catalyst was investigated by using temperature programmed reduction (TPR) with exposure of 40% (v/v) carbon monoxide (CO) in nitrogen atmosphere as a reductant agent. The Ce/NiO... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49447760" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The reduction behavior of cerium nickel oxide (Ce/NiO) catalyst was investigated by using temperature programmed reduction (TPR) with exposure of 40% (v/v) carbon monoxide (CO) in nitrogen atmosphere as a reductant agent. The Ce/NiO catalysts were prepared by using the conventional impregnation method. The reduction characteristics of NiO to Ni were examined up to 700 ºC and followed by isothermal reduction. The TPR profiles of doped NiO slightly shifted to a lower temperature from 375 to 366 ºC when Ce loading was increased from 3% to 10% (wt./ wt.), respectively. Whereas the undoped NiO was reduced at a higher temperature of 387 ºC. XRD diffractogram of the catalysts showed a complete reduction of NiO to Ni. The interaction between cerium and nickel ions for Ce/NiO series leads to a slight decrease in the reduction temperature. Fine sharp particles of Ce deposited on the NiO surfaces were observed through the FESEM images indicating some morphology modification occurred on NiO. It was found that the addition of 10% (w/w) of Ce on NiO also exhibited a larger BET surface area (11.31 m 2 g-1) and a smaller average pore diameter (17.7 nm). Based on these results, it is interesting to note that the addition of Ce to NiO has a remarkable influence in reducing the temperature of the reduction process. The 5% Ce/NiO was found sufficient to enhance the reducibility of NiO at a lower temperature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49447760" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="90a08ccc0e0baadd9d6e5e81d24dc13a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67797244,"asset_id":49447760,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67797244/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25928676" href="https://upm.academia.edu/AzizulHakimLahuri">Azizul Hakim Lahuri</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25928676" type="text/json">{"id":25928676,"first_name":"Azizul Hakim","last_name":"Lahuri","domain_name":"upm","page_name":"AzizulHakimLahuri","display_name":"Azizul Hakim Lahuri","profile_url":"https://upm.academia.edu/AzizulHakimLahuri?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25928676/7111313/8124402/s65_azizul_hakim.lahuri.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-49447760">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-49447760"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SamsuriAlinda">Alinda Samsuri</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-49447760'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-49447760').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49447760 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49447760"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49447760; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49447760]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49447760").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49447760").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49447760"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4749" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catalysis">Catalysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4749" type="text/json">{"id":4749,"name":"Catalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catalysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40957" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heterogeneous_Catalysis">Heterogeneous Catalysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40957" type="text/json">{"id":40957,"name":"Heterogeneous Catalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heterogeneous_Catalysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71905" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Monoxide">Carbon Monoxide</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71905" type="text/json">{"id":71905,"name":"Carbon Monoxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Monoxide?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49447760]'), work: {"id":49447760,"title":"PREPARATION OF CERIUM DOPED NICKEL OXIDE FOR LOWER REDUCTION TEMPERATURE IN CARBON MONOXIDE ATMOSPHERE (Penyediaan Serium yang Didopkan ke atas Nikel Oksida untuk Suhu Penurunan Lebih Rendah dalam Atmosfera Karbon Monoksida","created_at":"2021-06-28T22:45:39.896-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49447760/PREPARATION_OF_CERIUM_DOPED_NICKEL_OXIDE_FOR_LOWER_REDUCTION_TEMPERATURE_IN_CARBON_MONOXIDE_ATMOSPHERE_Penyediaan_Serium_yang_Didopkan_ke_atas_Nikel_Oksida_untuk_Suhu_Penurunan_Lebih_Rendah_dalam_Atmosfera_Karbon_Monoksida?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_49447760","summary":"The reduction behavior of cerium nickel oxide (Ce/NiO) catalyst was investigated by using temperature programmed reduction (TPR) with exposure of 40% (v/v) carbon monoxide (CO) in nitrogen atmosphere as a reductant agent. The Ce/NiO catalysts were prepared by using the conventional impregnation method. The reduction characteristics of NiO to Ni were examined up to 700 ºC and followed by isothermal reduction. The TPR profiles of doped NiO slightly shifted to a lower temperature from 375 to 366 ºC when Ce loading was increased from 3% to 10% (wt./ wt.), respectively. Whereas the undoped NiO was reduced at a higher temperature of 387 ºC. XRD diffractogram of the catalysts showed a complete reduction of NiO to Ni. The interaction between cerium and nickel ions for Ce/NiO series leads to a slight decrease in the reduction temperature. Fine sharp particles of Ce deposited on the NiO surfaces were observed through the FESEM images indicating some morphology modification occurred on NiO. It was found that the addition of 10% (w/w) of Ce on NiO also exhibited a larger BET surface area (11.31 m 2 g-1) and a smaller average pore diameter (17.7 nm). Based on these results, it is interesting to note that the addition of Ce to NiO has a remarkable influence in reducing the temperature of the reduction process. The 5% Ce/NiO was found sufficient to enhance the reducibility of NiO at a lower temperature.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67797244,"asset_id":49447760,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25928676,"first_name":"Azizul Hakim","last_name":"Lahuri","domain_name":"upm","page_name":"AzizulHakimLahuri","display_name":"Azizul Hakim Lahuri","profile_url":"https://upm.academia.edu/AzizulHakimLahuri?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25928676/7111313/8124402/s65_azizul_hakim.lahuri.jpg"},{"id":198860915,"first_name":"Alinda","last_name":"Samsuri","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SamsuriAlinda","display_name":"Alinda Samsuri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SamsuriAlinda?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4749,"name":"Catalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catalysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":40957,"name":"Heterogeneous Catalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heterogeneous_Catalysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":71905,"name":"Carbon Monoxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Monoxide?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":386276,"name":"Cerium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerium?f_ri=131787"},{"id":560122,"name":"Nickel Oxide nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nickel_Oxide_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44380027 coauthored" data-work_id="44380027" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44380027/Insights_into_the_composition_of_ancient_Egyptian_red_and_black_inks_on_papyri_achieved_by_synchrotron_based_microanalyses">Insights into the composition of ancient Egyptian red and black inks on papyri achieved by synchrotron-based microanalyses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">T. Christiansen, M. Cotte, W. de Nolf, Elouan Mouro, J. Reyes-Herrera, S. de Meyer, F. Vanmeert, N. Salvadó, V. Gonzalez, P. E. Lindelof, K. Mortensen, K. Ryholt, K. Janssens and S. Larsen A hitherto unknown composition is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44380027" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">T. Christiansen, M. Cotte, W. de Nolf, Elouan Mouro, J. Reyes-Herrera, S. de Meyer,  F. Vanmeert,  N. Salvadó,  V. Gonzalez,  P. E. Lindelof,  K. Mortensen,  K. Ryholt,  K. Janssens and  S. Larsen <br /> <br />A hitherto unknown composition is highlighted in the red and black inks preserved on ancient Egyptian papyri from the Roman period (circa 100 to 200 CE). Synchrotron-based macro–X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping brings to light the presence of iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) compounds in the majority of the red inks inscribed on 12 papyrus fragments from the Tebtunis temple library. The iron-based compounds in the inks can be assigned to ocher, notably due to the colocalization of Fe with aluminum, and the detection of hematite (Fe2O3) by micro–X-ray diffraction. Using the same techniques together with micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Pb is shown to be associated with fatty acid phosphate, sulfate, chloride, and carboxylate ions. Moreover, micro-XRF maps reveal a peculiar distribution and colocalization of Pb, phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), which are present at the micrometric scale resembling diffused “coffee rings” surrounding the ocher particles imbedded in the red letters, and at the submicrometric scale concentrated in the papyrus cell walls. A similar Pb, P, and S composition was found in three black inks, suggesting that the same lead components were employed in the manufacture of carbon-based inks. Bearing in mind that pigments such as red lead (Pb3O4) and lead white (hydrocerussite [Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2] and/or cerussite [PbCO3]) were not detected, the results presented here suggest that the lead compound in the ink was used as a drier rather than as a pigment. Accordingly, the study calls for a reassessment of the composition of lead-based components in ancient Mediterranean pigments.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44380027" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="779f6de9d5fd58aa05e4e29af513b4de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64936060,"asset_id":44380027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64936060/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31469831" href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/ThomasChristiansen">Thomas Christiansen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31469831" type="text/json">{"id":31469831,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Christiansen","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"ThomasChristiansen","display_name":"Thomas Christiansen","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/ThomasChristiansen?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31469831/13756831/14868523/s65_thomas.christiansen.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44380027">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44380027"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElouanMouro">Elouan Mouro</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/KellMortensen">Kell Mortensen</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/KimRyholt">Kim Ryholt</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44380027'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44380027').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44380027 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44380027"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44380027; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44380027]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44380027").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44380027").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44380027"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1693" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papyrology">Papyrology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1693" type="text/json">{"id":1693,"name":"Papyrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papyrology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7871" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy">FTIR spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7871" type="text/json">{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy">X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21261" type="text/json">{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44380027]'), work: {"id":44380027,"title":"Insights into the composition of ancient Egyptian red and black inks on papyri achieved by synchrotron-based microanalyses","created_at":"2020-10-27T06:28:57.427-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44380027/Insights_into_the_composition_of_ancient_Egyptian_red_and_black_inks_on_papyri_achieved_by_synchrotron_based_microanalyses?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_44380027","summary":"T. Christiansen, M. Cotte, W. de Nolf, Elouan Mouro, J. Reyes-Herrera, S. de Meyer, F. Vanmeert, N. Salvadó, V. Gonzalez, P. E. Lindelof, K. Mortensen, K. Ryholt, K. Janssens and S. Larsen\r\n\r\nA hitherto unknown composition is highlighted in the red and black inks preserved on ancient Egyptian papyri from the Roman period (circa 100 to 200 CE). Synchrotron-based macro–X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping brings to light the presence of iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) compounds in the majority of the red inks inscribed on 12 papyrus fragments from the Tebtunis temple library. The iron-based compounds in the inks can be assigned to ocher, notably due to the colocalization of Fe with aluminum, and the detection of hematite (Fe2O3) by micro–X-ray diffraction. Using the same techniques together with micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Pb is shown to be associated with fatty acid phosphate, sulfate, chloride, and carboxylate ions. Moreover, micro-XRF maps reveal a peculiar distribution and colocalization of Pb, phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), which are present at the micrometric scale resembling diffused “coffee rings” surrounding the ocher particles imbedded in the red letters, and at the submicrometric scale concentrated in the papyrus cell walls. A similar Pb, P, and S composition was found in three black inks, suggesting that the same lead components were employed in the manufacture of carbon-based inks. Bearing in mind that pigments such as red lead (Pb3O4) and lead white (hydrocerussite [Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2] and/or cerussite [PbCO3]) were not detected, the results presented here suggest that the lead compound in the ink was used as a drier rather than as a pigment. Accordingly, the study calls for a reassessment of the composition of lead-based components in ancient Mediterranean pigments.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64936060,"asset_id":44380027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31469831,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Christiansen","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"ThomasChristiansen","display_name":"Thomas Christiansen","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/ThomasChristiansen?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31469831/13756831/14868523/s65_thomas.christiansen.jpg"},{"id":143717462,"first_name":"Elouan","last_name":"Mouro","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ElouanMouro","display_name":"Elouan Mouro","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ElouanMouro?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":31549760,"first_name":"Kell","last_name":"Mortensen","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"KellMortensen","display_name":"Kell Mortensen","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/KellMortensen?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":1794714,"first_name":"Kim","last_name":"Ryholt","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"KimRyholt","display_name":"Kim Ryholt","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/KimRyholt?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1794714/2787784/3250108/s65_kim.ryholt.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":1693,"name":"Papyrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papyrology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":30764,"name":"Pigments (Chemistry)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pigments_Chemistry_?f_ri=131787"},{"id":55872,"name":"Science for Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_for_Conservation_and_Restoration_of_Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":146204,"name":"Tebtunis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tebtunis?f_ri=131787"},{"id":310981,"name":"Oil painting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_painting?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1019147,"name":"Analysis of Pigments on Ancient Artifacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_Pigments_on_Ancient_Artifacts?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1268072,"name":"Lead Soaps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lead_Soaps?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1415142,"name":"Synchrotron Radiation Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synchrotron_Radiation_Techniques?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27199939 coauthored" data-work_id="27199939" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27199939/Obtaining_the_J_integral_by_diffraction_based_crack_field_strain_mapping">Obtaining the J-integral by diffraction-based crack-field strain mapping</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The analysis by diffraction of polycrystalline materials can determine the full tensor of the elastic strains within them. Point-by-point maps of elastic strain can thus be obtained in fine-grained engineering alloys, typically using... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27199939" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The analysis by diffraction of polycrystalline materials can determine the full tensor of the elastic strains within them. Point-by-point maps of elastic strain can thus be obtained in fine-grained engineering alloys, typically using synchrotron X-rays or neutrons. In this paper, a novel approach is presented to calculate the elastic strain energy release rate of a loaded crack from two-dimensional strain maps that are obtained by diffraction. The method is based on a Finite Element approach, which uses diffraction data to obtain the parameters required to calculate the J-integral via the contour integral method. The J integral is robust to uncertainties in the crack tip position and to poor definition of the field in the crack vicinity, and does not rely on theoretical assumptions of the field shape. A validation of the technique is presented using a synthetic dataset from a finite element model. Its experimental application is demonstrated in an analysis of a synchrotron X-ray diffraction strain map for a loaded fatigue crack in a bainitic steel.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27199939" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8879f46abcb0ab795a79ac861a6d5484" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47453470,"asset_id":27199939,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47453470/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31546431" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/SBarhli">Selim Barhli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31546431" type="text/json">{"id":31546431,"first_name":"Selim","last_name":"Barhli","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"SBarhli","display_name":"Selim Barhli","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/SBarhli?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31546431/9428063/10506040/s65_selim.barhli.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-27199939">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-27199939"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/LuisMora38">Luis Saucedo Mora</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-27199939'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-27199939').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27199939 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27199939"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27199939; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27199939]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27199939").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27199939").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27199939"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics">Fracture Mechanics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23047" type="text/json">{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36020" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-ray_Diffraction">X-ray Diffraction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="36020" type="text/json">{"id":36020,"name":"X-ray Diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-ray_Diffraction?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="197703" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor">Stress Intensity Factor</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="197703" type="text/json">{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27199939]'), work: {"id":27199939,"title":"Obtaining the J-integral by diffraction-based crack-field strain mapping","created_at":"2016-07-23T05:59:33.111-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27199939/Obtaining_the_J_integral_by_diffraction_based_crack_field_strain_mapping?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_27199939","summary":"The analysis by diffraction of polycrystalline materials can determine the full tensor of the elastic strains within them. Point-by-point maps of elastic strain can thus be obtained in fine-grained engineering alloys, typically using synchrotron X-rays or neutrons. In this paper, a novel approach is presented to calculate the elastic strain energy release rate of a loaded crack from two-dimensional strain maps that are obtained by diffraction. The method is based on a Finite Element approach, which uses diffraction data to obtain the parameters required to calculate the J-integral via the contour integral method. The J integral is robust to uncertainties in the crack tip position and to poor definition of the field in the crack vicinity, and does not rely on theoretical assumptions of the field shape. A validation of the technique is presented using a synthetic dataset from a finite element model. Its experimental application is demonstrated in an analysis of a synchrotron X-ray diffraction strain map for a loaded fatigue crack in a bainitic steel.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47453470,"asset_id":27199939,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31546431,"first_name":"Selim","last_name":"Barhli","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"SBarhli","display_name":"Selim Barhli","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/SBarhli?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31546431/9428063/10506040/s65_selim.barhli.jpg"},{"id":32603894,"first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Saucedo Mora","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LuisMora38","display_name":"Luis Saucedo Mora","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LuisMora38?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":36020,"name":"X-ray Diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-ray_Diffraction?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":557397,"name":"J integral","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/J_integral?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20037312 coauthored" data-work_id="20037312" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20037312/Structural_and_chemical_modifications_of_typical_South_African_biomasses_during_torrefaction">Structural and chemical modifications of typical South African biomasses during torrefaction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Torrefaction experiments were carried out for three typical South African biomass samples (softwood chips, hardwood chips and sweet sorghum bagasse) to a weight loss of 30 wt.%. During torrefaction, moisture, non-structural carbohydrates... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20037312" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Torrefaction experiments were carried out for three typical South African biomass samples (softwood chips, hardwood chips and sweet sorghum bagasse) to a weight loss of 30 wt.%. During torrefaction, moisture, non-structural carbohydrates and hemicelluloses were reduced, resulting in a structurally<br />modified torrefaction product. There was a reduction in the average crystalline diameter (La) (XRD), an increase in the aromatic fraction and a reduction in aliphatics (substituted and unsubstituted) (CPMAS 13C NMR). The decrease in the aliphatic components of the lignocellulosic material under the torrefaction conditions also resulted in a slight ordering of the carbon lattice. The degradation of hemicelluloses and<br />non-structural carbohydrates increased the inclusive surface area of sweet sorghum bagasse, while it did not change significantly for the woody biomasses.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20037312" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e45298caed4ddf67d829895666047dec" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40969919,"asset_id":20037312,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40969919/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1037793" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/MarionCARRIER">Marion CARRIER</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1037793" type="text/json">{"id":1037793,"first_name":"Marion","last_name":"CARRIER","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"MarionCARRIER","display_name":"Marion CARRIER","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/MarionCARRIER?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1037793/10989553/12264313/s65_marion.carrier.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-20037312">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-20037312"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/HeinWJPNeomagus">Hein W. J. P. Neomagus</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-20037312'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-20037312').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20037312 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20037312"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20037312, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20037312", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20037312 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20037312; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20037312"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20037312 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20037312"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20037312; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20037312]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20037312").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20037312").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20037312"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5411" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomass">Biomass</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5411" type="text/json">{"id":5411,"name":"Biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomass?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12134" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NMR_Spectroscopy">NMR Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12134" type="text/json">{"id":12134,"name":"NMR Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NMR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="450006" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Torrefaction_of_biomass">Torrefaction of biomass</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="450006" type="text/json">{"id":450006,"name":"Torrefaction of biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Torrefaction_of_biomass?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20037312]'), work: {"id":20037312,"title":"Structural and chemical modifications of typical South African biomasses during torrefaction","created_at":"2016-01-05T07:03:29.191-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20037312/Structural_and_chemical_modifications_of_typical_South_African_biomasses_during_torrefaction?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_20037312","summary":"Torrefaction experiments were carried out for three typical South African biomass samples (softwood chips, hardwood chips and sweet sorghum bagasse) to a weight loss of 30 wt.%. During torrefaction, moisture, non-structural carbohydrates and hemicelluloses were reduced, resulting in a structurally\nmodified torrefaction product. There was a reduction in the average crystalline diameter (La) (XRD), an increase in the aromatic fraction and a reduction in aliphatics (substituted and unsubstituted) (CPMAS 13C NMR). The decrease in the aliphatic components of the lignocellulosic material under the torrefaction conditions also resulted in a slight ordering of the carbon lattice. The degradation of hemicelluloses and\nnon-structural carbohydrates increased the inclusive surface area of sweet sorghum bagasse, while it did not change significantly for the woody biomasses.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40969919,"asset_id":20037312,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1037793,"first_name":"Marion","last_name":"CARRIER","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"MarionCARRIER","display_name":"Marion CARRIER","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/MarionCARRIER?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1037793/10989553/12264313/s65_marion.carrier.jpg"},{"id":46514578,"first_name":"Hein W. J. P.","last_name":"Neomagus","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeinWJPNeomagus","display_name":"Hein W. J. P. Neomagus","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeinWJPNeomagus?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5411,"name":"Biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biomass?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":12134,"name":"NMR Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NMR_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":450006,"name":"Torrefaction of biomass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Torrefaction_of_biomass?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5841407" data-work_id="5841407" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5841407/Optical_Thermal_and_Mechanical_Properties_of_Mono_Ammonium_Phosphate_MAP_Single_Crystal"> Optical, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Mono Ammonium Phosphate (MAP) Single Crystal </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5841407" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f581360c05ec4ad52a0a2038d02c5a2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32844577,"asset_id":5841407,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32844577/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3761921" href="https://vvcet.academia.edu/BRavi">B. 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Ravi","profile_url":"https://vvcet.academia.edu/BRavi?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3761921/1358487/1676958/s65_suryaa.ravi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1177,"name":"Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48850258" data-work_id="48850258" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48850258/Noble_Metal_Ion_Embedded_Nanocomposite_Glass_Materials_for_Optical_Functionality_of_UV_Visible_Surface_Plasmon_Resonance_SPR_Surface_Enhanced_Raman_Scattering_SERS_X_ray_and_Electron_Microscopic_Studies_An_Overview">Noble Metal Ion Embedded Nanocomposite Glass Materials for Optical Functionality of UV–Visible Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) X-ray and Electron Microscopic Studies: An Overview</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Noble Metal Ion Embedded Nanocomposite Glass Materials for Optical Functionality of UV–Visible Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) X-ray and Electron Microscopic Studies: An Overview..................</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button 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Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="140633" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_plasmon_resonance">Surface plasmon resonance</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="140633" type="text/json">{"id":140633,"name":"Surface plasmon resonance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_plasmon_resonance?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48850258]'), work: {"id":48850258,"title":"Noble Metal Ion Embedded Nanocomposite Glass Materials for Optical Functionality of UV–Visible Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) X-ray and Electron Microscopic Studies: An Overview","created_at":"2021-05-08T20:06:12.124-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48850258/Noble_Metal_Ion_Embedded_Nanocomposite_Glass_Materials_for_Optical_Functionality_of_UV_Visible_Surface_Plasmon_Resonance_SPR_Surface_Enhanced_Raman_Scattering_SERS_X_ray_and_Electron_Microscopic_Studies_An_Overview?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_48850258","summary":"Noble Metal Ion Embedded Nanocomposite Glass Materials for Optical Functionality of UV–Visible Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) X-ray and Electron Microscopic Studies: An Overview..................","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67265723,"asset_id":48850258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1014496,"first_name":"Dr. Manikandan","last_name":"Elayaperumal","domain_name":"csir-za","page_name":"DrManikandanElaya","display_name":"Dr. Manikandan Elayaperumal","profile_url":"https://csir-za.academia.edu/DrManikandanElaya?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1014496/6544723/7399959/s65_dr._manikandan.elaya.jpg_oh_1cc06fb9fba6c19d2951c41aa00744ca_oe_552a463a___gda___1430154997_b63f9b03523de07e93a5e0feb7b66c5d"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":35267,"name":"Photoluminescence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photoluminescence?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":140633,"name":"Surface plasmon resonance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_plasmon_resonance?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":236737,"name":"Core/shell and Hollow Nanoparticles Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Core_shell_and_Hollow_Nanoparticles_Synthesis?f_ri=131787"},{"id":794258,"name":"Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Surface_Plasmon_Resonance_Based_Sensors?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47989178 coauthored" data-work_id="47989178" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47989178/Bucrania_revisited_Exploring_the_cha%C3%AEne_op%C3%A9ratoire_of_bucrania_figurines_of_the_K%C3%B6r%C3%B6s_culture_from_the_6th_Millennium_BC">Bucrania revisited: Exploring the chaîne opératoire of bucrania figurines of the Körös culture from the 6th Millennium BC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Kreiter, A., May, Z., Pető, Á., Tóth, M., Bajnóczi, B., Máté, L., Viktorik, O., Szabó, L., Sklánitz, A., Mészáros Kis, Zs., Gődény, M., Cseri, Zs., Raczky, P. 2021. Bucrania revisited: Exploring the chaîne opératoire of bucrania figurines... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47989178" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Kreiter, A., May, Z., Pető, Á., Tóth, M., Bajnóczi, B., Máté, L., Viktorik, O., Szabó, L., Sklánitz, A., Mészáros Kis, Zs., Gődény, M., Cseri, Zs., Raczky, P. 2021. Bucrania revisited: Exploring the chaîne opératoire of bucrania figurines of the Körös culture from the 6th Millennium BC.<br /><br />An Early Neolithic, Körös culture settlement was excavated in 1977–78 at Szolnok-Szanda in the heartland of the Great Hungarian Plain in Hungary. The eastern part of House 4 yielded three stylised bucranium figurines which were originally attached to a four-legged table-like stand. A similar figurine came to light in 1977 at Szajol-Felsőföld, lying a few kilometres from this site. This figurine is highly fragmented and only its upper part remained.<br />The practice of domestication and animal husbandry are important topics in the Early Neolithic of the Carpathian Basin. However, the technology of cattle representations and the social role of cattle have not been analysed systematically in Hungary. Two of the figurines from Szolnok were not completely reconstructed, revealing that they were created in multiple phases.<br />In order to better understand the construction of the figurines, computed tomography (CT), microscopic fabric analysis, geochemical and mineralogical analyses (ICP-OES/MS and XRD), and phytolith analysis were undertaken. The various techniques employed in the analysis of the figurines yielded a wealth of information that opens new avenues of interpretation concerning how these objects were made and how they may have been utilised.<br />The results indicate that the figurines from Szolnok were created during two distinct manufacturing episodes, and that the figurines were fired after the first manufacturing episode, implying that they were utilised, which was followed by another building episode and firing. The application of interdisciplinary methods highlights the complexity of these figurines and the operation of symbolic systems represented by these objects in the Early Neolithic of Hungary.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47989178" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4a27e55daecc75e6641a216db28a2cd3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66834284,"asset_id":47989178,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66834284/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1229185" href="https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter">Attila Kreiter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1229185" type="text/json">{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-47989178">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-47989178"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://geokemia.academia.edu/BernadettBajn%C3%B3czi">Bernadett Bajnóczi</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/OrsolyaViktorik">Orsolya Viktorik</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://elte.academia.edu/PRaczky">Pál Raczky</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-47989178'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-47989178').html(); 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Bucrania revisited: Exploring the chaîne opératoire of bucrania figurines of the Körös culture from the 6th Millennium BC.\n\nAn Early Neolithic, Körös culture settlement was excavated in 1977–78 at Szolnok-Szanda in the heartland of the Great Hungarian Plain in Hungary. The eastern part of House 4 yielded three stylised bucranium figurines which were originally attached to a four-legged table-like stand. A similar figurine came to light in 1977 at Szajol-Felsőföld, lying a few kilometres from this site. This figurine is highly fragmented and only its upper part remained.\nThe practice of domestication and animal husbandry are important topics in the Early Neolithic of the Carpathian Basin. However, the technology of cattle representations and the social role of cattle have not been analysed systematically in Hungary. Two of the figurines from Szolnok were not completely reconstructed, revealing that they were created in multiple phases.\nIn order to better understand the construction of the figurines, computed tomography (CT), microscopic fabric analysis, geochemical and mineralogical analyses (ICP-OES/MS and XRD), and phytolith analysis were undertaken. The various techniques employed in the analysis of the figurines yielded a wealth of information that opens new avenues of interpretation concerning how these objects were made and how they may have been utilised.\nThe results indicate that the figurines from Szolnok were created during two distinct manufacturing episodes, and that the figurines were fired after the first manufacturing episode, implying that they were utilised, which was followed by another building episode and firing. The application of interdisciplinary methods highlights the complexity of these figurines and the operation of symbolic systems represented by these objects in the Early Neolithic of Hungary.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66834284,"asset_id":47989178,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"},{"id":4854708,"first_name":"Bernadett","last_name":"Bajnóczi","domain_name":"geokemia","page_name":"BernadettBajnóczi","display_name":"Bernadett Bajnóczi","profile_url":"https://geokemia.academia.edu/BernadettBajn%C3%B3czi?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4854708/2081156/2502223/s65_bernadett.bajn_czi.jpg"},{"id":35400684,"first_name":"Orsolya","last_name":"Viktorik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OrsolyaViktorik","display_name":"Orsolya Viktorik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OrsolyaViktorik?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35400684/90497811/79240003/s65_orsolya.viktorik.png"},{"id":610934,"first_name":"Pál","last_name":"Raczky","domain_name":"elte","page_name":"PRaczky","display_name":"Pál Raczky","profile_url":"https://elte.academia.edu/PRaczky?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/610934/32848060/29519716/s65_p_l.raczky.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1742,"name":"Archaeobotany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeobotany?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":2786,"name":"Ceramic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Technology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":11418,"name":"Phytolith Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phytolith_Analysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":14866,"name":"ICP-MS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICP-MS?f_ri=131787"},{"id":16007,"name":"Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787"},{"id":43091,"name":"Ceramic Petrography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Petrography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":49387,"name":"Prehistoric Figurines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Figurines?f_ri=131787"},{"id":105432,"name":"CT scanning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CT_scanning?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":157979,"name":"ICP-OES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICP-OES?f_ri=131787"},{"id":184543,"name":"Chaîne Opératoire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cha%C3%AEne_Op%C3%A9ratoire?f_ri=131787"},{"id":486332,"name":"Körös Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/K%C3%B6r%C3%B6s_Culture?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42804860" data-work_id="42804860" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42804860/Structure_of_NaF_TeO_2_glasses_and_glass_ceramics">Structure of NaF-TeO 2 glasses and glass-ceramics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The structure of NaF–TeO2 glasses and glass-ceramics has been studied by XRD, TEM, SEM, Raman and FTIR techniques. The results suggest that, for NaF ≤10 mol%, the entire NaF content enters the structure to convert TeO4 units into TeO3/2F... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42804860" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The structure of NaF–TeO2 glasses and glass-ceramics has been studied by XRD, TEM, SEM, Raman and FTIR techniques. The results suggest that, for NaF ≤10 mol%, the entire NaF content enters the structure to convert TeO4 units into TeO3/2F and Na+[TeO3+1]– units. It has also been shown that NaF partially forms amorphous and/or crystalline phases for higher NaF content, where the relative concentration of each phase depends on the NaF content. SEM images show agglomerates of different sizes, which are discrete and spread within the structure. XRD revealed formation of crystalline Te2O3F2 for NaF ≤50 mol%, and a dominant phase of crystalline NaF for NaF >50 mol%. Raman and FTIR spectra have been analyzed to calculate the concentrations of the various structural units in glasses and glass-ceramics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42804860" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15edd6f38d318f8ca6414391d567f18b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63033685,"asset_id":42804860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63033685/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3842921" href="https://kaust.academia.edu/MariuszJaremko">Mariusz Jaremko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3842921" type="text/json">{"id":3842921,"first_name":"Mariusz","last_name":"Jaremko","domain_name":"kaust","page_name":"MariuszJaremko","display_name":"Mariusz Jaremko","profile_url":"https://kaust.academia.edu/MariuszJaremko?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3842921/1407725/1729039/s65_mariusz.antypater.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42804860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42804860"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42804860, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42804860", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42804860]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42804860").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42804860").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42804860"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7871" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy">FTIR spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7871" type="text/json">{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9339" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy">Raman Spectroscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9339" type="text/json">{"id":9339,"name":"Raman Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42804860]'), work: {"id":42804860,"title":"Structure of NaF-TeO 2 glasses and glass-ceramics","created_at":"2020-04-21T00:30:55.662-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42804860/Structure_of_NaF_TeO_2_glasses_and_glass_ceramics?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_42804860","summary":"The structure of NaF–TeO2 glasses and glass-ceramics has been studied by XRD, TEM, SEM, Raman and FTIR techniques. The results suggest that, for NaF ≤10 mol%, the entire NaF content enters the structure to convert TeO4 units into TeO3/2F and Na+[TeO3+1]– units. It has also been shown that NaF partially forms amorphous and/or crystalline phases for higher NaF content, where the relative concentration of each phase depends on the NaF content. SEM images show agglomerates of different sizes, which are discrete and spread within the structure. XRD revealed formation of crystalline Te2O3F2 for NaF ≤50 mol%, and a dominant phase of crystalline NaF for NaF \u003e50 mol%. Raman and FTIR spectra have been analyzed to calculate the concentrations of the various structural units in glasses and glass-ceramics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63033685,"asset_id":42804860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3842921,"first_name":"Mariusz","last_name":"Jaremko","domain_name":"kaust","page_name":"MariuszJaremko","display_name":"Mariusz Jaremko","profile_url":"https://kaust.academia.edu/MariuszJaremko?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3842921/1407725/1729039/s65_mariusz.antypater.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":7871,"name":"FTIR spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":9339,"name":"Raman Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":29403,"name":"Amorphous Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amorphous_Materials?f_ri=131787"},{"id":97416,"name":"Glasses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glasses?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19681204" data-work_id="19681204" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19681204/Investigation_of_aliovalent_transition_metal_doped_La0_7Ca0_3Cr0_8X0_2O3_%CE%B4_X_Ti_Mn_Fe_Co_and_Ni_as_electrode_materials_for_symmetric_SOFC">Investigation of aliovalent transition metal doped La0.7Ca0.3Cr0.8X0.2O3-δ (X=Ti, Mn,Fe,Co,and Ni) as electrode materials for symmetric SOFC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19681204" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15539f9ba90d59dedbfb3be81d743f59" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40780283,"asset_id":19681204,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40780283/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2021668" href="https://ariel.academia.edu/ManasaRath">MANASA K RATH</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2021668" type="text/json">{"id":2021668,"first_name":"MANASA","last_name":"RATH","domain_name":"ariel","page_name":"ManasaRath","display_name":"MANASA K RATH","profile_url":"https://ariel.academia.edu/ManasaRath?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2021668/666899/827818/s65_manasa.rath.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19681204 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19681204"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19681204, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19681204", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_19681204 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19681204; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19681204"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19681204 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19681204"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19681204; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19681204]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19681204").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19681204").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19681204"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58003" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perovskites">Perovskites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58003" type="text/json">{"id":58003,"name":"Perovskites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perovskites?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73633" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrochemical_Impedance_Spectroscopy">Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73633" type="text/json">{"id":73633,"name":"Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrochemical_Impedance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109805" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SOFC">SOFC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109805" type="text/json">{"id":109805,"name":"SOFC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SOFC?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19681204]'), work: {"id":19681204,"title":"Investigation of aliovalent transition metal doped La0.7Ca0.3Cr0.8X0.2O3\u0001-δ (X=Ti, Mn,Fe,Co,and Ni) as electrode materials for symmetric SOFC","created_at":"2015-12-15T23:48:12.167-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19681204/Investigation_of_aliovalent_transition_metal_doped_La0_7Ca0_3Cr0_8X0_2O3_%CE%B4_X_Ti_Mn_Fe_Co_and_Ni_as_electrode_materials_for_symmetric_SOFC?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_19681204","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40780283,"asset_id":19681204,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2021668,"first_name":"MANASA","last_name":"RATH","domain_name":"ariel","page_name":"ManasaRath","display_name":"MANASA K RATH","profile_url":"https://ariel.academia.edu/ManasaRath?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2021668/666899/827818/s65_manasa.rath.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":58003,"name":"Perovskites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perovskites?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":73633,"name":"Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrochemical_Impedance_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":109805,"name":"SOFC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SOFC?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":909150,"name":"Electrode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrode?f_ri=131787"},{"id":953811,"name":"DTA/TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DTA_TGA?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1131651,"name":"Anode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anode?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4462806" data-work_id="4462806" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4462806/One_Colour_at_least_Two_Minerals_A_study_of_Mulberry_Rock_Art_Pigment_and_a_Mulberry_Pigment_Quarry_from_the_Kimberley_Northern_Australia">One Colour, (at least) Two Minerals: A study of Mulberry Rock Art Pigment and a Mulberry Pigment ‘Quarry’ from the Kimberley, Northern Australia</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Distinctive mulberry paintings found in northern Australia, particularly those of Kimberley region, have been argued to represent some of the oldest surviving rock art on the continent. Significant research efforts continue to focus on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4462806" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Distinctive mulberry paintings found in northern Australia, particularly those of Kimberley region, have been argued to represent some of the oldest surviving rock art on the continent. Significant research efforts continue to focus on resolving the age of these motifs, but comparatively little attention has been given to understanding their physical composition and potential source(s).  In a pilot investigation we conclude that (at least) two mineralogically distinct mulberry pigments occur in Gwion motifs and demonstrate that their major components can be indicatively chemically differentiated, non-invasively. Characterisation of a ‘quarried’ mulberry ochre source demonstrates that these pigments occur locally as natural minerals.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4462806" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ada8445a434c1ce78e6ed5867c3630e9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36434228,"asset_id":4462806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36434228/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="475973" href="https://griffith.academia.edu/JillianHuntley">Jillian Huntley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="475973" type="text/json">{"id":475973,"first_name":"Jillian","last_name":"Huntley","domain_name":"griffith","page_name":"JillianHuntley","display_name":"Jillian Huntley","profile_url":"https://griffith.academia.edu/JillianHuntley?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/475973/159842/35482845/s65_jillian.huntley.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4462806 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4462806"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4462806, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4462806", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4462806 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4462806; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4462806"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4462806 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4462806"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4462806; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4462806]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4462806").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4462806").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4462806"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1706" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geoarchaeology">Geoarchaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1706" type="text/json">{"id":1706,"name":"Geoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geoarchaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3316" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science">Archaeological Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3316" type="text/json">{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3834" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_Art_Archaeology_">Rock Art (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3834" type="text/json">{"id":3834,"name":"Rock Art (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_Art_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5439" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_Indigenous_Archaeology">Australian Indigenous Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5439" type="text/json">{"id":5439,"name":"Australian Indigenous Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_Indigenous_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4462806]'), work: {"id":4462806,"title":"One Colour, (at least) Two Minerals: A study of Mulberry Rock Art Pigment and a Mulberry Pigment ‘Quarry’ from the Kimberley, Northern Australia","created_at":"2013-09-11T08:26:02.053-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4462806/One_Colour_at_least_Two_Minerals_A_study_of_Mulberry_Rock_Art_Pigment_and_a_Mulberry_Pigment_Quarry_from_the_Kimberley_Northern_Australia?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_4462806","summary":"Distinctive mulberry paintings found in northern Australia, particularly those of Kimberley region, have been argued to represent some of the oldest surviving rock art on the continent. Significant research efforts continue to focus on resolving the age of these motifs, but comparatively little attention has been given to understanding their physical composition and potential source(s). In a pilot investigation we conclude that (at least) two mineralogically distinct mulberry pigments occur in Gwion motifs and demonstrate that their major components can be indicatively chemically differentiated, non-invasively. Characterisation of a ‘quarried’ mulberry ochre source demonstrates that these pigments occur locally as natural minerals. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36434228,"asset_id":4462806,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":475973,"first_name":"Jillian","last_name":"Huntley","domain_name":"griffith","page_name":"JillianHuntley","display_name":"Jillian Huntley","profile_url":"https://griffith.academia.edu/JillianHuntley?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/475973/159842/35482845/s65_jillian.huntley.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1706,"name":"Geoarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geoarchaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":3834,"name":"Rock Art (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_Art_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":5439,"name":"Australian Indigenous Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_Indigenous_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":30764,"name":"Pigments (Chemistry)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pigments_Chemistry_?f_ri=131787"},{"id":119492,"name":"Ochre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ochre?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1019147,"name":"Analysis of Pigments on Ancient Artifacts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_Pigments_on_Ancient_Artifacts?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9436177" data-work_id="9436177" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" 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data-has-card-for-ri="25672" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refractory_materials_and_coatings_for_thermal_barrier_and_tribology_applications">Refractory materials and coatings for thermal barrier and tribology applications</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25672" type="text/json">{"id":25672,"name":"Refractory materials and coatings for thermal barrier and tribology applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refractory_materials_and_coatings_for_thermal_barrier_and_tribology_applications?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="103213" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoscience">Nanoscience</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="103213" type="text/json">{"id":103213,"name":"Nanoscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoscience?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: 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reseach","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refractory_materials_reseach?f_ri=131787"},{"id":218120,"name":"Combustion Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Combustion_Synthesis?f_ri=131787"},{"id":403641,"name":"Spinel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spinel?f_ri=131787"},{"id":644966,"name":"Refractory Ceramics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refractory_Ceramics?f_ri=131787"},{"id":712543,"name":"Glycine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glycine?f_ri=131787"},{"id":837609,"name":"Sol-gel Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sol-gel_Synthesis?f_ri=131787"},{"id":953811,"name":"DTA/TGA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DTA_TGA?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1528615,"name":"Refractory and advanced ceramics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Refractory_and_advanced_ceramics?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_69800847" data-work_id="69800847" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69800847/Psilocybin_crystal_structure_solutions_enable_phase_analysis_of_prior_art_and_recently_patented_examples">Psilocybin: crystal structure solutions enable phase analysis of prior art and recently patented examples</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Psilocybin {systematic name: 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate} is a zwitterionic tryptamine natural product found in numerous species of fungi known for their psychoactive properties. Following its structural... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_69800847" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Psilocybin {systematic name: 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate} is a zwitterionic tryptamine natural product found in numerous species of fungi known for their psychoactive properties. Following its structural elucidation and chemical synthesis in 1959, purified synthetic psilocybin has been evaluated in clinical trials and has shown promise in the treatment of various mental health disorders. In a recent process-scale crystallization investigation, three crystalline forms of psilocybin were repeatedly observed: Hydrate A, Polymorph A, and Polymorph B. The crystal structure for Hydrate A was solved previously by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This article presents new crystal structure solutions for the two anhydrates, Polymorphs A and B, based on Rietveld refinement using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray diffraction data, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Utilizing the three solved structures, an investigation was conducted via Rietvel...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/69800847" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a682a7e45569d749ed1c544d917f4c68" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79757221,"asset_id":69800847,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79757221/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34999766" href="https://iit.academia.edu/JamesKaduk">James Kaduk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34999766" type="text/json">{"id":34999766,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Kaduk","domain_name":"iit","page_name":"JamesKaduk","display_name":"James Kaduk","profile_url":"https://iit.academia.edu/JamesKaduk?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34999766/10189686/11371160/s65_james.kaduk.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_69800847 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="69800847"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69800847, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_69800847", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69800847]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_69800847").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_69800847").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="69800847"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry">Analytical Chemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="524" type="text/json">{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3855" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism">Polymorphism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3855" type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5182" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychedelics">Psychedelics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5182" type="text/json">{"id":5182,"name":"Psychedelics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychedelics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=69800847]'), work: {"id":69800847,"title":"Psilocybin: crystal structure solutions enable phase analysis of prior art and recently patented examples","created_at":"2022-01-28T08:45:56.761-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/69800847/Psilocybin_crystal_structure_solutions_enable_phase_analysis_of_prior_art_and_recently_patented_examples?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_69800847","summary":"Psilocybin {systematic name: 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate} is a zwitterionic tryptamine natural product found in numerous species of fungi known for their psychoactive properties. Following its structural elucidation and chemical synthesis in 1959, purified synthetic psilocybin has been evaluated in clinical trials and has shown promise in the treatment of various mental health disorders. In a recent process-scale crystallization investigation, three crystalline forms of psilocybin were repeatedly observed: Hydrate A, Polymorph A, and Polymorph B. The crystal structure for Hydrate A was solved previously by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This article presents new crystal structure solutions for the two anhydrates, Polymorphs A and B, based on Rietveld refinement using laboratory and synchrotron X-ray diffraction data, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Utilizing the three solved structures, an investigation was conducted via Rietvel...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79757221,"asset_id":69800847,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34999766,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Kaduk","domain_name":"iit","page_name":"JamesKaduk","display_name":"James Kaduk","profile_url":"https://iit.academia.edu/JamesKaduk?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34999766/10189686/11371160/s65_james.kaduk.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":524,"name":"Analytical Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Chemistry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":5182,"name":"Psychedelics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychedelics?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_ray_diffraction?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42910736 coauthored" data-work_id="42910736" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42910736/Amicone_S_Radivojevi%C4%87_M_Quinn_P_S_Berthold_C_and_Rehren_Th_2020_Pyrotechnological_Connections_Re_investigating_the_Link_between_Pottery_Firing_Technology_and_the_Origins_of_Metallurgy_in_the_Vin%C4%8Da_Culture_Serbia_Journal_of_Archaeological_Science_118_pp_105123">Amicone, S., Radivojević, M., Quinn, P. S., Berthold, C. & Rehren, Th. 2020. Pyrotechnological Connections? Re-investigating the Link between Pottery Firing Technology and the Origins of Metallurgy in the Vinča Culture, Serbia. Journal of Archaeological Science, 118, pp. 105123.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present paper re-examines the purported relationship between Late Neolithic/Early Chalcolithic pottery firing technology and the world’s earliest recorded copper metallurgy at two Serbian Vinča culture sites, Belovode and Pločnik (c.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42910736" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present paper re-examines the purported relationship between Late Neolithic/Early Chalcolithic pottery firing technology and the world’s earliest recorded copper metallurgy at two Serbian Vinča culture sites, Belovode and Pločnik (c. 5350 to 4600 BC). A total of eighty-eight well-dated sherds including dark-burnished and graphite-painted pottery that originate across this period have been analysed using a multi-pronged scientific approach in order to reconstruct the raw materials and firing conditions that were necessary for the production of these decorative styles. This is then compared to the pyrotechnological requirements and chronology of copper smelting in order to shed new light on the assumed, yet rarely investigated, hypothesis that advances in pottery firing technology in the late 6th and early 5th millennia BC Balkans were an important precursor for the emergence of metallurgy in this region at around 5000 BC. The results of this study and the recent literature indicate that the ability to exert sufficiently close control over the redox atmosphere in a two-step firing process necessary to produce graphite-painted pottery could indeed link these two crafts. However, graphite-painted pottery and metallurgy emerge at around the same time, both benefitting from the pre-existing experience with dark-burnished pottery and an increasing focus on aesthetics and exotic minerals. Thus, they appear as related technologies, but not as one being the precursor to the other.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42910736" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dcb5ad5e906d7b539f33807963cc380c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63160158,"asset_id":42910736,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63160158/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="438190" href="https://uni-tuebingen.academia.edu/SilviaRitaAmicone">Silvia Amicone</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="438190" type="text/json">{"id":438190,"first_name":"Silvia","last_name":"Amicone","domain_name":"uni-tuebingen","page_name":"SilviaRitaAmicone","display_name":"Silvia Amicone","profile_url":"https://uni-tuebingen.academia.edu/SilviaRitaAmicone?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/438190/140101/35109554/s65_silvia.amicone.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-42910736">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-42910736"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ucl.academia.edu/MiljanaRadivojevic">Miljana Radivojević</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ucl.academia.edu/PatrickQuinn">Patrick Quinn</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-42910736'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-42910736').html(); 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S., Berthold, C. \u0026 Rehren, Th. 2020. Pyrotechnological Connections? Re-investigating the Link between Pottery Firing Technology and the Origins of Metallurgy in the Vinča Culture, Serbia. Journal of Archaeological Science, 118, pp. 105123.","created_at":"2020-05-01T06:05:26.157-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42910736/Amicone_S_Radivojevi%C4%87_M_Quinn_P_S_Berthold_C_and_Rehren_Th_2020_Pyrotechnological_Connections_Re_investigating_the_Link_between_Pottery_Firing_Technology_and_the_Origins_of_Metallurgy_in_the_Vin%C4%8Da_Culture_Serbia_Journal_of_Archaeological_Science_118_pp_105123?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_42910736","summary":"The present paper re-examines the purported relationship between Late Neolithic/Early Chalcolithic pottery firing technology and the world’s earliest recorded copper metallurgy at two Serbian Vinča culture sites, Belovode and Pločnik (c. 5350 to 4600 BC). A total of eighty-eight well-dated sherds including dark-burnished and graphite-painted pottery that originate across this period have been analysed using a multi-pronged scientific approach in order to reconstruct the raw materials and firing conditions that were necessary for the production of these decorative styles. This is then compared to the pyrotechnological requirements and chronology of copper smelting in order to shed new light on the assumed, yet rarely investigated, hypothesis that advances in pottery firing technology in the late 6th and early 5th millennia BC Balkans were an important precursor for the emergence of metallurgy in this region at around 5000 BC. The results of this study and the recent literature indicate that the ability to exert sufficiently close control over the redox atmosphere in a two-step firing process necessary to produce graphite-painted pottery could indeed link these two crafts. However, graphite-painted pottery and metallurgy emerge at around the same time, both benefitting from the pre-existing experience with dark-burnished pottery and an increasing focus on aesthetics and exotic minerals. Thus, they appear as related technologies, but not as one being the precursor to the other.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63160158,"asset_id":42910736,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":438190,"first_name":"Silvia","last_name":"Amicone","domain_name":"uni-tuebingen","page_name":"SilviaRitaAmicone","display_name":"Silvia Amicone","profile_url":"https://uni-tuebingen.academia.edu/SilviaRitaAmicone?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/438190/140101/35109554/s65_silvia.amicone.jpg"},{"id":131964,"first_name":"Miljana","last_name":"Radivojević","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"MiljanaRadivojevic","display_name":"Miljana Radivojević","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/MiljanaRadivojevic?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/131964/35163/582155/s65_miljana.radivojevi_.jpg"},{"id":67697471,"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Quinn","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"PatrickQuinn","display_name":"Patrick Quinn","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/PatrickQuinn?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/67697471/19505070/19586964/s65_patrick.quinn.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1724,"name":"Balkan Prehistory (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_Prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":12807,"name":"Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":16007,"name":"Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":24522,"name":"Archaeometallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":25036,"name":"Balkan archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_archaeology?f_ri=131787"},{"id":25037,"name":"Balkan prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_prehistory?f_ri=131787"},{"id":34552,"name":"European Prehistory (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787"},{"id":43091,"name":"Ceramic Petrography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Petrography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":83012,"name":"Neolithic of the Balkans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_of_the_Balkans?f_ri=131787"},{"id":92974,"name":"Archaeometallurgical Researchs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgical_Researchs?f_ri=131787"},{"id":106409,"name":"Archaeometallurgy, Mineralogy, Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometallurgy_Mineralogy_Archaeometry?f_ri=131787"},{"id":107363,"name":"Archaeometry, archaeological science, ceramics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry_archaeological_science_ceramics?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":306176,"name":"Vinča culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vin%C4%8Da_culture?f_ri=131787"},{"id":318836,"name":"Vinca culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vinca_culture?f_ri=131787"},{"id":340419,"name":"European Copper and Bronze Age – Archaeometallurgy – Prehistoric Metalworking in Social Context – Settlement Archaeology – Application of Geophysical Methods in Archaeology – Neolithic – Theory / Cultural Anthropology – Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Copper_and_Bronze_Age_-_Archaeometallurgy_-_Prehistoric_Metalworking_in_Social_Context_-_Se?f_ri=131787"},{"id":376148,"name":"Scientific Analysis of Archaeological Ceramics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific_Analysis_of_Archaeological_Ceramics?f_ri=131787"},{"id":444033,"name":"Archaeometric analysis of pottery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometric_analysis_of_pottery?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32500037 coauthored" data-work_id="32500037" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32500037/GEOCHEMICAL_AND_MINERALOGICAL_STUDIES_OF_CRYSTALLINE_LIMESTONE_OCCURRED_NEAR_PODUPATTI_VILLAGE_OF_ETTAYAPURAM_TALUK_TAMIL_NADU">GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL STUDIES OF CRYSTALLINE LIMESTONE OCCURRED NEAR PODUPATTI VILLAGE OF ETTAYAPURAM TALUK, TAMIL NADU</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present study deals with the chemical and mineralogical measurements of the crystalline limestone and its country rocks occurred in the study area. The limestone band consists pink and greyish-white limestones and the country rocks... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32500037" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present study deals with the chemical and mineralogical measurements of the crystalline limestone and its country rocks occurred in the study area. The limestone band consists pink and greyish-white limestones and the country rocks calc-gneiss and charnockite. The geochemical and the mineralogical studies were conducted in the limestone and the country rocks with the help of XRF and XRD instruments. The oxide and element concentrations were assessed with the help of XRF and the minerals were studied with XRD. The XRF result demonstrates that the pink limestone consists CaO of 51.15% and the greyish-white consist 52.00%. The SiO2 is 10.19 and 9.69% in pink and greyish-white limestone respectively. Apart from them, four major oxides were reported, which are Fe¬2O3, Na2O, Al2O3 and MgO. All together they account for 5.21% in pink limestone and 3.98% in greyish-white limestone. The elemental concentration reveals that Ca in higher level and followed by Si. In the country rocks, Si Wt% is high and followed by Ca and Fe. According to XRD result, the pink limestone contains about 80.3% of calcite and 19.7% of quartz minerals, whereas in greyish-white limestone about 68.4% of calcite, 21.2% of diopside and 10.4% of quartz minerals. The country rock calc-gneiss loaded with silica (50.85%), Al2O3 (18.15%) and CaO (16.25%). In charnockite, the major oxides are SiO2 (45.60%), Fe2O3 (15.12%), Al2O3 (10.84%), Na2O (10.12%) and (9.14%). The study area limestone is dominated by calcite mineral, along with quartz and diopside.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32500037" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="997a8f6d3dadb32b325946e40a824d0f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52685948,"asset_id":32500037,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52685948/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6011448" href="https://independent.academia.edu/senthilKumar115">senthil Kumar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6011448" type="text/json">{"id":6011448,"first_name":"senthil","last_name":"Kumar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"senthilKumar115","display_name":"senthil Kumar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/senthilKumar115?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-32500037">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-32500037"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://tamilnadu.academia.edu/JayantKumarPadhi">Jayant Kumar Padhi</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-32500037'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-32500037').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32500037 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32500037"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32500037; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32500037]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32500037").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32500037").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32500037"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="407" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry">Geochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="407" type="text/json">{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy">X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21261" type="text/json">{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32500037]'), work: {"id":32500037,"title":"GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL STUDIES OF CRYSTALLINE LIMESTONE OCCURRED NEAR PODUPATTI VILLAGE OF ETTAYAPURAM TALUK, TAMIL NADU","created_at":"2017-04-19T01:22:26.508-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32500037/GEOCHEMICAL_AND_MINERALOGICAL_STUDIES_OF_CRYSTALLINE_LIMESTONE_OCCURRED_NEAR_PODUPATTI_VILLAGE_OF_ETTAYAPURAM_TALUK_TAMIL_NADU?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_32500037","summary":"The present study deals with the chemical and mineralogical measurements of the crystalline limestone and its country rocks occurred in the study area. The limestone band consists pink and greyish-white limestones and the country rocks calc-gneiss and charnockite. The geochemical and the mineralogical studies were conducted in the limestone and the country rocks with the help of XRF and XRD instruments. The oxide and element concentrations were assessed with the help of XRF and the minerals were studied with XRD. The XRF result demonstrates that the pink limestone consists CaO of 51.15% and the greyish-white consist 52.00%. The SiO2 is 10.19 and 9.69% in pink and greyish-white limestone respectively. Apart from them, four major oxides were reported, which are Fe¬2O3, Na2O, Al2O3 and MgO. All together they account for 5.21% in pink limestone and 3.98% in greyish-white limestone. The elemental concentration reveals that Ca in higher level and followed by Si. In the country rocks, Si Wt% is high and followed by Ca and Fe. According to XRD result, the pink limestone contains about 80.3% of calcite and 19.7% of quartz minerals, whereas in greyish-white limestone about 68.4% of calcite, 21.2% of diopside and 10.4% of quartz minerals. The country rock calc-gneiss loaded with silica (50.85%), Al2O3 (18.15%) and CaO (16.25%). In charnockite, the major oxides are SiO2 (45.60%), Fe2O3 (15.12%), Al2O3 (10.84%), Na2O (10.12%) and (9.14%). The study area limestone is dominated by calcite mineral, along with quartz and diopside.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52685948,"asset_id":32500037,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6011448,"first_name":"senthil","last_name":"Kumar","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"senthilKumar115","display_name":"senthil Kumar","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/senthilKumar115?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":43859447,"first_name":"Jayant Kumar","last_name":"Padhi","domain_name":"tamilnadu","page_name":"JayantKumarPadhi","display_name":"Jayant Kumar Padhi","profile_url":"https://tamilnadu.academia.edu/JayantKumarPadhi?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43859447/11698678/16778719/s65_jayant_kumar.padhi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":407,"name":"Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geochemistry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30251645" data-work_id="30251645" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30251645/_XRD_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3">(XRD) روش های تجزیه نمونه های معدنی-پراش پرتو ایکس</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Instrumental Analyses in Economic Geology-XRD</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30251645" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9dc8772560f729990d2d34fc055c4aa4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50718453,"asset_id":30251645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50718453/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58779" href="https://bergbaumuseum.academia.edu/NimaNezafati">Nima Nezafati</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58779" type="text/json">{"id":58779,"first_name":"Nima","last_name":"Nezafati","domain_name":"bergbaumuseum","page_name":"NimaNezafati","display_name":"Nima Nezafati","profile_url":"https://bergbaumuseum.academia.edu/NimaNezafati?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/58779/17089/2005499/s65_nima.nezafati_.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30251645 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30251645"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30251645, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30251645", }); 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Besides, its local post-medieval pottery keeps a strong tie with late medieval Castilian ceramic tradition. In recent archaeological... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44036061" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Zamora, located in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula, is a city of long-lasting pottery tradition. Besides, its local post-medieval pottery keeps a strong tie with late medieval Castilian ceramic tradition. In recent archaeological interventions, a large quantity of ceramics was unearthed in different archaeological sites of the city. Among them, the archaeological excavations performed below the current Ethnographic Museum of Castilla y León were of special relevance to shed more light on the Zamoran local productions. In this work, an archaeometric characterization has been carried out in 11 tin-lead glazed ceramics (decorated in green, black and blue) dated back to the 16th-18th centuries by means of a multi-analytical approach. Thus, chemical and mineralogical analyses by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) analytical techniques have been applied. In addition, the microstructure, glaze and pigment characterization of the glaze coatings have also been studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and Raman microscopy. Additionally, 59 samples were subjected to Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Principal Components Analysis to assess the belonging of the shards under study to any of the workshops of Zamora. The results matched with the Z-3 reference group linked to the local pottery production of Zamora, specifically to the Olivares workshop.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44036061" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aec6e5ea3e02c5fbdf673e0a784c1036" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64375295,"asset_id":44036061,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64375295/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7101" href="https://ehu.academia.edu/JavierI%C3%B1a%C3%B1ez">Javier Iñañez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7101" type="text/json">{"id":7101,"first_name":"Javier","last_name":"Iñañez","domain_name":"ehu","page_name":"JavierIñañez","display_name":"Javier Iñañez","profile_url":"https://ehu.academia.edu/JavierI%C3%B1a%C3%B1ez?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7101/2132247/20977183/s65_javier.i_a_ez.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44036061">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44036061"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/UxueSanchezGarmendia">Uxue Sanchez Garmendia</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ehu.academia.edu/H%C3%A9ctorMorillasLoro%C3%B1o">Héctor Morillas Loroño</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44036061'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44036061').html(); 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Besides, its local post-medieval pottery keeps a strong tie with late medieval Castilian ceramic tradition. In recent archaeological interventions, a large quantity of ceramics was unearthed in different archaeological sites of the city. Among them, the archaeological excavations performed below the current Ethnographic Museum of Castilla y León were of special relevance to shed more light on the Zamoran local productions. In this work, an archaeometric characterization has been carried out in 11 tin-lead glazed ceramics (decorated in green, black and blue) dated back to the 16th-18th centuries by means of a multi-analytical approach. Thus, chemical and mineralogical analyses by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) analytical techniques have been applied. In addition, the microstructure, glaze and pigment characterization of the glaze coatings have also been studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and Raman microscopy. Additionally, 59 samples were subjected to Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Principal Components Analysis to assess the belonging of the shards under study to any of the workshops of Zamora. The results matched with the Z-3 reference group linked to the local pottery production of Zamora, specifically to the Olivares workshop.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64375295,"asset_id":44036061,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7101,"first_name":"Javier","last_name":"Iñañez","domain_name":"ehu","page_name":"JavierIñañez","display_name":"Javier Iñañez","profile_url":"https://ehu.academia.edu/JavierI%C3%B1a%C3%B1ez?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7101/2132247/20977183/s65_javier.i_a_ez.jpg"},{"id":97453364,"first_name":"Uxue","last_name":"Sanchez Garmendia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UxueSanchezGarmendia","display_name":"Uxue Sanchez Garmendia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UxueSanchezGarmendia?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":2491598,"first_name":"Héctor","last_name":"Morillas Loroño","domain_name":"ehu","page_name":"HéctorMorillasLoroño","display_name":"Héctor Morillas Loroño","profile_url":"https://ehu.academia.edu/H%C3%A9ctorMorillasLoro%C3%B1o?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2491598/778621/967490/s65_h_ctor.morillas_loro_o.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2213,"name":"Pottery (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":9339,"name":"Raman Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Raman_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":11790,"name":"Early Modern Era","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Era?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":12807,"name":"Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":14866,"name":"ICP-MS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICP-MS?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":232793,"name":"Zamora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zamora?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1014988,"name":"SEM/EDS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SEM_EDS-1?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37176734 coauthored" data-work_id="37176734" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37176734/Mez%C5%91hegyes_88_as_t%C3%A1bla_lel%C5%91hely_%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_kori_t%C3%A9gla_%C3%A9s_tet%C5%91cser%C3%A9p_t%C3%B6red%C3%A9keinek_petrogr%C3%A1fiai_vizsg%C3%A1lata">Mezőhegyes 88-as tábla lelőhely. Árpád-kori tégla- és tetőcserép töredékeinek petrográfiai vizsgálata.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37176734" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b7d553101be9cb02a1bf4fa58b0dc19d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57127959,"asset_id":37176734,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57127959/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1229185" href="https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter">Attila Kreiter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1229185" type="text/json">{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-37176734">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-37176734"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uni-miskolc.academia.edu/FerencKrist%C3%A1ly">Ferenc Kristály</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-37176734'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-37176734').html(); 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Solvent-based recrystallization, thermal and mechanical treatments and spray drying... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36914457" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of this work was to search for new polymorphic forms of febantel, an anthelminthic drug of great present interest for the veterinary industry. Solvent-based recrystallization, thermal and mechanical treatments and spray drying were chosen to discover new solid forms. The solids obtained were physicochemically characterized by thermal techniques (DSC and TG), FTIR spectroscopy, laboratory and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Our work leads to obtain a new solid form never described in the literature. In particular , the new polymorph was obtained by the anti-solvent method and the crystallization from isopropanol. The experimental conditions of crystallization favorable to the formation of the highest amount of the new solid phase were selected. The new phase shows a thermal, spectro-scopic and diffractometric behavior unique. Furthermore, the preliminary structure investigation suggests two possible crystal systems: an orthorhombic or a monoclinic one, with really comparable lattice parameters and cell volume. Measurements put into evidence that the new phase is a metastable polymorph that is in monotropic relationship with the stable and known form.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36914457" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="13b630d6c61920ddc07915d202b619d3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56864965,"asset_id":36914457,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56864965/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33172940" href="https://unipv.academia.edu/MarcellaBini">Marcella Bini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33172940" type="text/json">{"id":33172940,"first_name":"Marcella","last_name":"Bini","domain_name":"unipv","page_name":"MarcellaBini","display_name":"Marcella Bini","profile_url":"https://unipv.academia.edu/MarcellaBini?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33172940/10494849/11710129/s65_marcella.bini.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-36914457">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-36914457"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/GiovannaBruni">Giovanna Bruni</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-36914457'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-36914457').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36914457 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36914457"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36914457; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36914457]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36914457").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36914457").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36914457"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3855" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism">Polymorphism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3855" type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="317239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Analysis">Thermal Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="317239" type="text/json">{"id":317239,"name":"Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2980069" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/febantel">febantel</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2980069" type="text/json">{"id":2980069,"name":"febantel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/febantel?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36914457]'), work: {"id":36914457,"title":"Febantel: looking for new polymorphs","created_at":"2018-06-25T07:57:24.620-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36914457/Febantel_looking_for_new_polymorphs?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_36914457","summary":"The aim of this work was to search for new polymorphic forms of febantel, an anthelminthic drug of great present interest for the veterinary industry. Solvent-based recrystallization, thermal and mechanical treatments and spray drying were chosen to discover new solid forms. The solids obtained were physicochemically characterized by thermal techniques (DSC and TG), FTIR spectroscopy, laboratory and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Our work leads to obtain a new solid form never described in the literature. In particular , the new polymorph was obtained by the anti-solvent method and the crystallization from isopropanol. The experimental conditions of crystallization favorable to the formation of the highest amount of the new solid phase were selected. The new phase shows a thermal, spectro-scopic and diffractometric behavior unique. Furthermore, the preliminary structure investigation suggests two possible crystal systems: an orthorhombic or a monoclinic one, with really comparable lattice parameters and cell volume. Measurements put into evidence that the new phase is a metastable polymorph that is in monotropic relationship with the stable and known form.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56864965,"asset_id":36914457,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33172940,"first_name":"Marcella","last_name":"Bini","domain_name":"unipv","page_name":"MarcellaBini","display_name":"Marcella Bini","profile_url":"https://unipv.academia.edu/MarcellaBini?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33172940/10494849/11710129/s65_marcella.bini.jpg"},{"id":34245600,"first_name":"Giovanna","last_name":"Bruni","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiovannaBruni","display_name":"Giovanna Bruni","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiovannaBruni?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34245600/10038747/11197777/s65_giovanna.bruni.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":317239,"name":"Thermal Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Analysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":2980069,"name":"febantel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/febantel?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33456427 coauthored" data-work_id="33456427" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33456427/A_dunaszentgy%C3%B6rgyi_avar_temet%C5%91_ker%C3%A1mi%C3%A1i_az_archeometria_t%C3%BCkr%C3%A9ben_The_ceramic_assemblage_of_the_Avar_cemetery_of_Dunaszentgy%C3%B6rgy_in_the_light_of_archaeometry">A dunaszentgyörgyi avar temető kerámiái az archeometria tükrében - The ceramic assemblage of the Avar cemetery of Dunaszentgyörgy in the light of archaeometry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The excavation of the cemetery (Dunaszentgyörgy-Kaszás tanya, RM-20) was carried out by Csaba Kálmán Kiss prior to the construction of the M6 Motorway in 2009. During the excavation 372 graves came to light representing the Middle and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33456427" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The excavation of the cemetery (Dunaszentgyörgy-Kaszás tanya, RM-20) was carried out by Csaba Kálmán Kiss prior to the construction of the M6 Motorway in 2009. During the excavation 372 graves came to light representing the Middle and Late Avar periods. Approximately two-third or three-quarter of the cemetery was excavated. From the 372 graves, 75 contained ceramics. Altogether 82 ceramics came to light, 47.5% of  which are fast-wheeled, 9.8% are slow-wheeled and 42.7% are hand-built. The ceramic assemblage represents all the vessel types that are characteristic of south-east Transdanubia. Therefore, possible relationships between each pottery types could be examined through the 74 samples which were selected for petrographic analysis. Petrographic analysis was supplemented by XRD analysis on 29 samples and by XRF analyses on 30 samples. The results suggest that fast-wheeled grey, yellow and black vessels were made by specialists, probably in workshops. Specialisation is indicated by the unified technology and raw material of each ceramic type. Vessels made by higher technological standards were also fired in higher temperatures (800–900 °C). The composition of black ceramics, showing sand and pebble tempering, may correlate with their functions since these were also used for  cooking. XRF analysis shows that some of the fast-wheeled grey<br />and black vessels may not have been made locally, these may have been imported. Apart from the possibly non-local fabric group, other fabrics seem to cover the whole area of the cemetery. This implies that  ceramics were made in a similar manner for a long period; ceramics were made in similar qualities through several generations. Slow-wheeled vessels represent a transition towards the fast wheel technique. Their technological relationship with fast-wheeled black vessels indicates that their fast-wheeled production was preceded by an ‘experimenting phase’. Hand-built vessels were most probably made in households and no specialised production was identified for this ceramic type. The majority of hand-built vessels belong to the first fabric group, in which fast-wheeled black and grey vessels are also present indicating that this raw material was also used by local workshops.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33456427" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4ef095344736c7b571e72cede619b67c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54048346,"asset_id":33456427,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54048346/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1229185" href="https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter">Attila Kreiter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1229185" type="text/json">{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-33456427">+4</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-33456427"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://hnm.academia.edu/P%C3%A9terSkriba">Péter Skriba</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://geokemia.academia.edu/BernadettBajn%C3%B3czi">Bernadett Bajnóczi</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://geokemia.academia.edu/M%C3%A1riaT%C3%B3th">Mária Tóth</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/OrsolyaViktorik">Orsolya Viktorik</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-33456427'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-33456427').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33456427 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33456427"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33456427, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33456427", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33456427 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33456427; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33456427"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33456427 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33456427"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33456427; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33456427]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33456427").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33456427").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33456427"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2213" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_">Pottery (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2213" type="text/json">{"id":2213,"name":"Pottery (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16007" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_">Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16007" type="text/json">{"id":16007,"name":"Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21261" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy">X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21261" type="text/json">{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24827" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramics_Archaeology_">Ceramics (Archaeology)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24827" type="text/json">{"id":24827,"name":"Ceramics (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramics_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33456427]'), work: {"id":33456427,"title":"A dunaszentgyörgyi avar temető kerámiái az archeometria tükrében - The ceramic assemblage of the Avar cemetery of Dunaszentgyörgy in the light of archaeometry","created_at":"2017-06-14T04:22:23.168-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33456427/A_dunaszentgy%C3%B6rgyi_avar_temet%C5%91_ker%C3%A1mi%C3%A1i_az_archeometria_t%C3%BCkr%C3%A9ben_The_ceramic_assemblage_of_the_Avar_cemetery_of_Dunaszentgy%C3%B6rgy_in_the_light_of_archaeometry?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_33456427","summary":"The excavation of the cemetery (Dunaszentgyörgy-Kaszás tanya, RM-20) was carried out by Csaba Kálmán Kiss prior to the construction of the M6 Motorway in 2009. During the excavation 372 graves came to light representing the Middle and Late Avar periods. Approximately two-third or three-quarter of the cemetery was excavated. From the 372 graves, 75 contained ceramics. Altogether 82 ceramics came to light, 47.5% of which are fast-wheeled, 9.8% are slow-wheeled and 42.7% are hand-built. The ceramic assemblage represents all the vessel types that are characteristic of south-east Transdanubia. Therefore, possible relationships between each pottery types could be examined through the 74 samples which were selected for petrographic analysis. Petrographic analysis was supplemented by XRD analysis on 29 samples and by XRF analyses on 30 samples. The results suggest that fast-wheeled grey, yellow and black vessels were made by specialists, probably in workshops. Specialisation is indicated by the unified technology and raw material of each ceramic type. Vessels made by higher technological standards were also fired in higher temperatures (800–900 °C). The composition of black ceramics, showing sand and pebble tempering, may correlate with their functions since these were also used for cooking. XRF analysis shows that some of the fast-wheeled grey\nand black vessels may not have been made locally, these may have been imported. Apart from the possibly non-local fabric group, other fabrics seem to cover the whole area of the cemetery. This implies that ceramics were made in a similar manner for a long period; ceramics were made in similar qualities through several generations. Slow-wheeled vessels represent a transition towards the fast wheel technique. Their technological relationship with fast-wheeled black vessels indicates that their fast-wheeled production was preceded by an ‘experimenting phase’. Hand-built vessels were most probably made in households and no specialised production was identified for this ceramic type. The majority of hand-built vessels belong to the first fabric group, in which fast-wheeled black and grey vessels are also present indicating that this raw material was also used by local workshops.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54048346,"asset_id":33456427,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"},{"id":9613174,"first_name":"Péter","last_name":"Skriba","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"PéterSkriba","display_name":"Péter Skriba","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/P%C3%A9terSkriba?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9613174/23419034/22486895/s65_p_ter.skriba.jpg"},{"id":4854708,"first_name":"Bernadett","last_name":"Bajnóczi","domain_name":"geokemia","page_name":"BernadettBajnóczi","display_name":"Bernadett Bajnóczi","profile_url":"https://geokemia.academia.edu/BernadettBajn%C3%B3czi?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4854708/2081156/2502223/s65_bernadett.bajn_czi.jpg"},{"id":1132118,"first_name":"Mária","last_name":"Tóth","domain_name":"geokemia","page_name":"MáriaTóth","display_name":"Mária Tóth","profile_url":"https://geokemia.academia.edu/M%C3%A1riaT%C3%B3th?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1132118/797861/992791/s65_m_ria.t_th.jpg"},{"id":35400684,"first_name":"Orsolya","last_name":"Viktorik","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"OrsolyaViktorik","display_name":"Orsolya Viktorik","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OrsolyaViktorik?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35400684/90497811/79240003/s65_orsolya.viktorik.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2213,"name":"Pottery (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":16007,"name":"Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":24827,"name":"Ceramics (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramics_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":34555,"name":"Archaeology of the Avars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Avars?f_ri=131787"},{"id":43091,"name":"Ceramic Petrography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Petrography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":86259,"name":"Pottery technology and function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_technology_and_function?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":525046,"name":"Pottery Firing Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_Firing_Techniques?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29854012 coauthored" data-work_id="29854012" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29854012/Kond%C3%A9_Zs_Kreiter_A_T%C3%B3th_M_Bajn%C3%B3czi_B_Viktorik_O_Anyagv%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1s_technol%C3%B3gia_forma_Az_avar_kori_ker%C3%A1miam%C5%B1vess%C3%A9g_vizsg%C3%A1lata_egy_mez%C5%91f%C3%B6ldi_telep_kapcs%C3%A1n">Kondé Zs., Kreiter A., Tóth M., Bajnóczi B., Viktorik O.: Anyagválasztás, technológia, forma. Az avar kori kerámiaművesség vizsgálata egy mezőföldi telep kapcsán</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">“Hadak Útján” A népvándorláskor fiatal kutatóinak XXVI. konferenciája 2016. November 3–4, Budapest, ELTE BTK RI.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29854012" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a0101acbdffe7b49fd5b475ada96996" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50326968,"asset_id":29854012,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50326968/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1229185" href="https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter">Attila Kreiter</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1229185" type="text/json">{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-29854012">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-29854012"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://geokemia.academia.edu/M%C3%A1riaT%C3%B3th">Mária Tóth</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-29854012'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-29854012').html(); 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Az avar kori kerámiaművesség vizsgálata egy mezőföldi telep kapcsán","created_at":"2016-11-15T08:37:16.540-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29854012/Kond%C3%A9_Zs_Kreiter_A_T%C3%B3th_M_Bajn%C3%B3czi_B_Viktorik_O_Anyagv%C3%A1laszt%C3%A1s_technol%C3%B3gia_forma_Az_avar_kori_ker%C3%A1miam%C5%B1vess%C3%A9g_vizsg%C3%A1lata_egy_mez%C5%91f%C3%B6ldi_telep_kapcs%C3%A1n?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_29854012","summary":"“Hadak Útján” A népvándorláskor fiatal kutatóinak XXVI. konferenciája 2016. November 3–4, Budapest, ELTE BTK RI.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50326968,"asset_id":29854012,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1229185,"first_name":"Attila","last_name":"Kreiter","domain_name":"hnm","page_name":"AttilaKreiter","display_name":"Attila Kreiter","profile_url":"https://hnm.academia.edu/AttilaKreiter?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1229185/446905/11284882/s65_attila.kreiter.jpg"},{"id":1132118,"first_name":"Mária","last_name":"Tóth","domain_name":"geokemia","page_name":"MáriaTóth","display_name":"Mária Tóth","profile_url":"https://geokemia.academia.edu/M%C3%A1riaT%C3%B3th?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1132118/797861/992791/s65_m_ria.t_th.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2786,"name":"Ceramic Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Technology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":16007,"name":"Ceramic Analysis (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Analysis_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":24827,"name":"Ceramics (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramics_Archaeology_?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":34555,"name":"Archaeology of the Avars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Avars?f_ri=131787"},{"id":43091,"name":"Ceramic Petrography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Petrography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":49855,"name":"Craft Specialization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Craft_Specialization?f_ri=131787"},{"id":86259,"name":"Pottery technology and function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_technology_and_function?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":421965,"name":"Avar period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Avar_period?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70278551" data-work_id="70278551" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70278551/%CE%A4he_Case_of_the_Mycenaean_Site_of_Kastrouli_Near_Delphi_Characterization_of_Pottery_and_Clay_Material_A_First_Assessment_of_the_Results_through_XRF_and_XRD_Analyses">Τhe Case of the Mycenaean Site of 'Kastrouli' Near Delphi; Characterization of Pottery and Clay Material: A First Assessment of the Results through XRF and XRD Analyses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This research took place in the frame of my Master Thesis in Applied Archaeological Sciences in 2017. Τhe theme of this prototype research concerns the analysis of selected pottery fragments (K1-K81) derived from the first excavation... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70278551" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This research took place in the frame of my Master Thesis in Applied Archaeological Sciences in 2017. Τhe theme of this prototype research concerns the analysis of selected pottery fragments (K1-K81) derived <br />from the first excavation period of the prehistoric site "Kastrouli" in the neighboring area of Delphi. <br />Analyses were performed on the samples by the methods XRF and XRD (along with Munsell color system) in <br />order to identify the chemical and mineralogical elements that lead to the characterization of the clay used <br />for the manufacture of ceramics. Moreover, analyzes were performed in clay soil samples (DS1-2-3-4), <br />collected from surface survey in the neighboring areas of Agia Irini, Limnos and Meteles in order the local <br />raw material to be examined. In this paper, are presented the results obtained from the analysis that focus <br />on the chemical composition of both the clay and the raw materials. The results concern the <br />characterization and the provenance of the pottery under study, along with the raw materials manufactured. <br />The contribution of this study leads to the identification of the pottery and the long-term interpretation of the <br />technology, applied by the potters at this Mycenaean site, concerning the technical level and the origin of <br />the clay.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70278551" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4d1e747ae08b197165c92ab33a76359b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80096950,"asset_id":70278551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80096950/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48751036" href="https://en-uoa-gr.academia.edu/ToniaTsourouni">Tonia Tsourouni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48751036" type="text/json">{"id":48751036,"first_name":"Tonia","last_name":"Tsourouni","domain_name":"en-uoa-gr","page_name":"ToniaTsourouni","display_name":"Tonia Tsourouni","profile_url":"https://en-uoa-gr.academia.edu/ToniaTsourouni?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48751036/12828185/15986253/s65_tonia.tsourouni.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70278551 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70278551"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70278551, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70278551", }); 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Characterization of Pottery and Clay Material: A First Assessment of the Results through XRF and XRD Analyses","created_at":"2022-02-02T10:10:04.514-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70278551/%CE%A4he_Case_of_the_Mycenaean_Site_of_Kastrouli_Near_Delphi_Characterization_of_Pottery_and_Clay_Material_A_First_Assessment_of_the_Results_through_XRF_and_XRD_Analyses?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_70278551","summary":"This research took place in the frame of my Master Thesis in Applied Archaeological Sciences in 2017. Τhe theme of this prototype research concerns the analysis of selected pottery fragments (K1-K81) derived\r\nfrom the first excavation period of the prehistoric site \"Kastrouli\" in the neighboring area of Delphi. \r\nAnalyses were performed on the samples by the methods XRF and XRD (along with Munsell color system) in\r\norder to identify the chemical and mineralogical elements that lead to the characterization of the clay used\r\nfor the manufacture of ceramics. Moreover, analyzes were performed in clay soil samples (DS1-2-3-4),\r\ncollected from surface survey in the neighboring areas of Agia Irini, Limnos and Meteles in order the local\r\nraw material to be examined. In this paper, are presented the results obtained from the analysis that focus\r\non the chemical composition of both the clay and the raw materials. The results concern the\r\ncharacterization and the provenance of the pottery under study, along with the raw materials manufactured.\r\nThe contribution of this study leads to the identification of the pottery and the long-term interpretation of the\r\ntechnology, applied by the potters at this Mycenaean site, concerning the technical level and the origin of\r\nthe clay.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80096950,"asset_id":70278551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48751036,"first_name":"Tonia","last_name":"Tsourouni","domain_name":"en-uoa-gr","page_name":"ToniaTsourouni","display_name":"Tonia Tsourouni","profile_url":"https://en-uoa-gr.academia.edu/ToniaTsourouni?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48751036/12828185/15986253/s65_tonia.tsourouni.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":5486,"name":"Clustering and Classification Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clustering_and_Classification_Methods?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21261,"name":"X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-Ray_Fluorescence_XRF_Spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":21431,"name":"Mycenaean era archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycenaean_era_archaeology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":86259,"name":"Pottery technology and function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_technology_and_function?f_ri=131787"},{"id":115671,"name":"Pottery studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pottery_studies?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":166634,"name":"Characterization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Characterization?f_ri=131787"},{"id":255576,"name":"Provenancing of archaeological materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Provenancing_of_archaeological_materials?f_ri=131787"},{"id":333566,"name":"Clay mineralogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clay_mineralogy?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70178072 coauthored" data-work_id="70178072" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70178072/Recycling_of_Chicken_Egg_Shells_into_Nanopowder_Synthesis_and_its_Properties">Recycling of Chicken Egg Shells into Nanopowder: Synthesis, and its Properties</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Increase in unconventional resources of calcium (Ca +2) for fowls, aquaculture and native animals was improved. This work was planned to define the most polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) that take place in the two types of chicken... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70178072" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Increase in unconventional resources of calcium (Ca +2) for fowls, aquaculture and native animals was improved. This work was planned to define the most polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) that take place in the two types of chicken eggshells (local and imported type). In this research, the comparative analysis of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) content was approved for nominated eggshells of native strain and imported chicken via Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) analysis. The results demonstrate that native and imported chicken eggshells comprise calcite morph that had shape between rhombohedral and spherical with distinguished pores distribution in the surface and crystallization size (31) nanometer for local chicken eggshells and (32) nanometer for import chicken eggshells respectively. The authors brief their results that local and import chicken eggshells had the top resources of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70178072" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bc731f0d18a706e38dac492287b4662c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80025531,"asset_id":70178072,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80025531/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6997194" href="https://uomosul.academia.edu/SaffanahMahmood">Saffanah Mahmood</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6997194" type="text/json">{"id":6997194,"first_name":"Saffanah","last_name":"Mahmood","domain_name":"uomosul","page_name":"SaffanahMahmood","display_name":"Saffanah Mahmood","profile_url":"https://uomosul.academia.edu/SaffanahMahmood?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6997194/2857224/21274557/s65_saffanah.mahmood.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-70178072">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-70178072"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83">عمار غانم الحايك</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-70178072'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-70178072').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70178072 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70178072"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70178072; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70178072]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70178072").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70178072").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70178072"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2306" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles">Synthesis of nanoparticles</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2306" type="text/json">{"id":2306,"name":"Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy">Transmission Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14076" type="text/json">{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17733" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17733" type="text/json">{"id":17733,"name":"Nanotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54670" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR">FTIR</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="54670" type="text/json">{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70178072]'), work: {"id":70178072,"title":"Recycling of Chicken Egg Shells into Nanopowder: Synthesis, and its Properties","created_at":"2022-01-31T12:36:31.514-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70178072/Recycling_of_Chicken_Egg_Shells_into_Nanopowder_Synthesis_and_its_Properties?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_70178072","summary":"Increase in unconventional resources of calcium (Ca +2) for fowls, aquaculture and native animals was improved. This work was planned to define the most polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) that take place in the two types of chicken eggshells (local and imported type). In this research, the comparative analysis of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) content was approved for nominated eggshells of native strain and imported chicken via Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) analysis. The results demonstrate that native and imported chicken eggshells comprise calcite morph that had shape between rhombohedral and spherical with distinguished pores distribution in the surface and crystallization size (31) nanometer for local chicken eggshells and (32) nanometer for import chicken eggshells respectively. The authors brief their results that local and import chicken eggshells had the top resources of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80025531,"asset_id":70178072,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6997194,"first_name":"Saffanah","last_name":"Mahmood","domain_name":"uomosul","page_name":"SaffanahMahmood","display_name":"Saffanah Mahmood","profile_url":"https://uomosul.academia.edu/SaffanahMahmood?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6997194/2857224/21274557/s65_saffanah.mahmood.jpg"},{"id":182113949,"first_name":"عمار","last_name":"غانم الحايك","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"عمارغانمالحايك","display_name":"عمار غانم الحايك","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/182113949/86236515/74897971/s65__._.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2306,"name":"Synthesis of nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synthesis_of_nanoparticles?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":17733,"name":"Nanotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanotechnology?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":54670,"name":"FTIR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FTIR?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":103213,"name":"Nanoscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nanoscience?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":173461,"name":"FESEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/FESEM?f_ri=131787"},{"id":390995,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscope?f_ri=131787"},{"id":630941,"name":"Calcium Carbonate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcium_Carbonate?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36114678" data-work_id="36114678" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36114678/A_New_XRD_Method_to_Quantitatively_Distinguish_Non_Stoichiometric_Magnetite_Influence_of_Particle_Size_and_Processing_Conditions">A New XRD Method to Quantitatively Distinguish Non-Stoichiometric Magnetite: Influence of Particle Size and Processing Conditions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Magnetite's abilities rely on the quantitative phases present in the sample. Magnetite quality can strongly influence several physical properties, such as magnetism, catalytic performance, and Verwey transition. However, differentiation... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36114678" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Magnetite's abilities rely on the quantitative phases present in the sample. Magnetite quality can strongly influence several physical properties, such as magnetism, catalytic performance, and Verwey transition. However, differentiation of magnetite and maghemite through the conventional X-ray diffractogram comparison are not relevant for the intermediate phases. In this study, the deviation from the ideal stoichiometric magnetite and the relative quantification of both phases were mathematically achievable through a new XRD technique. Various synthesis conditions were applied to obtain different crystallite sizes, in the range of 9 to 30 nm. Generally, the stoichiometric deviation and maghemite content would be significantly influenced by the final size, whereas system conditions (temperature of solution, agitation rate, and pH of solution) would only have minor significance. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles prepared using the co-precipitation method was calculated to contain 100% magnetite for particles of 30.26 nm in size, while 100% maghemite was calculated for particles at 9.64 nm.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36114678" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8a71fa8db29d35dfef2f298ae5d1c115" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56006506,"asset_id":36114678,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56006506/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33452326" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HuzaifahYusoff">Huzaifah Yusoff</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33452326" type="text/json">{"id":33452326,"first_name":"Huzaifah","last_name":"Yusoff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HuzaifahYusoff","display_name":"Huzaifah Yusoff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HuzaifahYusoff?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36114678 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36114678"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36114678, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36114678", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36114678 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36114678; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36114678"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36114678 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36114678"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36114678; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36114678]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36114678").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36114678").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36114678"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="88383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deconvolution">Deconvolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="88383" type="text/json">{"id":88383,"name":"Deconvolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deconvolution?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography">XRD Crystallography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131787" type="text/json">{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="418531" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetite">Magnetite</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="418531" type="text/json">{"id":418531,"name":"Magnetite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetite?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="563382" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation">Oxidation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="563382" type="text/json">{"id":563382,"name":"Oxidation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36114678]'), work: {"id":36114678,"title":"A New XRD Method to Quantitatively Distinguish Non-Stoichiometric Magnetite: Influence of Particle Size and Processing Conditions","created_at":"2018-03-08T19:46:34.539-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36114678/A_New_XRD_Method_to_Quantitatively_Distinguish_Non_Stoichiometric_Magnetite_Influence_of_Particle_Size_and_Processing_Conditions?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_36114678","summary":"Magnetite's abilities rely on the quantitative phases present in the sample. Magnetite quality can strongly influence several physical properties, such as magnetism, catalytic performance, and Verwey transition. However, differentiation of magnetite and maghemite through the conventional X-ray diffractogram comparison are not relevant for the intermediate phases. In this study, the deviation from the ideal stoichiometric magnetite and the relative quantification of both phases were mathematically achievable through a new XRD technique. Various synthesis conditions were applied to obtain different crystallite sizes, in the range of 9 to 30 nm. Generally, the stoichiometric deviation and maghemite content would be significantly influenced by the final size, whereas system conditions (temperature of solution, agitation rate, and pH of solution) would only have minor significance. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles prepared using the co-precipitation method was calculated to contain 100% magnetite for particles of 30.26 nm in size, while 100% maghemite was calculated for particles at 9.64 nm.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56006506,"asset_id":36114678,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33452326,"first_name":"Huzaifah","last_name":"Yusoff","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HuzaifahYusoff","display_name":"Huzaifah Yusoff","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HuzaifahYusoff?f_ri=131787","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":88383,"name":"Deconvolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deconvolution?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":418531,"name":"Magnetite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetite?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":563382,"name":"Oxidation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":1371295,"name":"Maghemite Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maghemite_Nanoparticles?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1371326,"name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magnetite_Nanoparticles?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44722094" data-work_id="44722094" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44722094/STRUCTURE_AND_MORPHOLOGY_OF_HIGHLY_ACTIVE_MAGNESIUM_CHLORIDE_SUPPORTED_TITANIUM_TETRACHLORIDE_CATALYSTS_FOR_PROPYLENE_POLYMERIZATION">STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY OF HIGHLY ACTIVE MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE-SUPPORTED TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE CATALYSTS FOR PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The structure and morphology of a commercial MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalyst were investigated. All the samples for analysis were prepared in a dry nitrogen atmosphere using an gloves bag. X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR-spectroscopy (IR), and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44722094" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The structure and morphology of a commercial MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalyst were investigated. All the samples for analysis were prepared in a dry nitrogen atmosphere using an gloves bag. X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR-spectroscopy (IR), and optical microscopy (OM), investigations were carried out under the appropriate condition to avoid the contact of catalysts surface with air. XRD pattern of described MgCl2 supports and commercial catalysts confirm the strong chemical interaction between crystalline MgCl2 and liquid TiCl4. Strong absorption bands of the commercial catalyst in the IR range 1500-1900 cm-1 belong to the applied internal electron donor rather than to the MgCl2-support and TiCl4 interaction. OM study shows that MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalyst has more regular shape than traditional Ziegler-Natta catalyst. However, the catalyst particles are not so regularly shaped as the microspherical ones.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44722094" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c1b5e76afd2123d7bbcfbc47fe73074f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65204144,"asset_id":44722094,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65204144/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32697313" href="https://ns.academia.edu/DragoslavStoiljkovic">Dragoslav Stoiljkovic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32697313" type="text/json">{"id":32697313,"first_name":"Dragoslav","last_name":"Stoiljkovic","domain_name":"ns","page_name":"DragoslavStoiljkovic","display_name":"Dragoslav Stoiljkovic","profile_url":"https://ns.academia.edu/DragoslavStoiljkovic?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32697313/33709860/29925698/s65_dragoslav.stoiljkovic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44722094 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44722094"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44722094, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44722094", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44722094 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44722094; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44722094"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44722094 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44722094"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44722094; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44722094]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44722094").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44722094").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44722094"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2161" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure">Microstructure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2161" type="text/json">{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6399" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catalysts">Catalysts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6399" type="text/json">{"id":6399,"name":"Catalysts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catalysts?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40957" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heterogeneous_Catalysis">Heterogeneous Catalysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40957" type="text/json">{"id":40957,"name":"Heterogeneous Catalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heterogeneous_Catalysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78842" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared_spectroscopy">Infrared spectroscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="78842" type="text/json">{"id":78842,"name":"Infrared spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44722094]'), work: {"id":44722094,"title":"STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY OF HIGHLY ACTIVE MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE-SUPPORTED TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE CATALYSTS FOR PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION","created_at":"2020-12-17T00:18:37.415-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44722094/STRUCTURE_AND_MORPHOLOGY_OF_HIGHLY_ACTIVE_MAGNESIUM_CHLORIDE_SUPPORTED_TITANIUM_TETRACHLORIDE_CATALYSTS_FOR_PROPYLENE_POLYMERIZATION?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_44722094","summary":"The structure and morphology of a commercial MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalyst were investigated. All the samples for analysis were prepared in a dry nitrogen atmosphere using an gloves bag. X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR-spectroscopy (IR), and optical microscopy (OM), investigations were carried out under the appropriate condition to avoid the contact of catalysts surface with air. XRD pattern of described MgCl2 supports and commercial catalysts confirm the strong chemical interaction between crystalline MgCl2 and liquid TiCl4. Strong absorption bands of the commercial catalyst in the IR range 1500-1900 cm-1 belong to the applied internal electron donor rather than to the MgCl2-support and TiCl4 interaction. OM study shows that MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalyst has more regular shape than traditional Ziegler-Natta catalyst. However, the catalyst particles are not so regularly shaped as the microspherical ones.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65204144,"asset_id":44722094,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":65204504,"asset_id":44722094,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32697313,"first_name":"Dragoslav","last_name":"Stoiljkovic","domain_name":"ns","page_name":"DragoslavStoiljkovic","display_name":"Dragoslav Stoiljkovic","profile_url":"https://ns.academia.edu/DragoslavStoiljkovic?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32697313/33709860/29925698/s65_dragoslav.stoiljkovic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":6399,"name":"Catalysts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catalysts?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":40957,"name":"Heterogeneous Catalysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heterogeneous_Catalysis?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":78842,"name":"Infrared spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared_spectroscopy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":107625,"name":"Optical microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_microscopy?f_ri=131787"},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":161422,"name":"Syntheis of Heterogeneous catalysts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syntheis_of_Heterogeneous_catalysts?f_ri=131787"},{"id":277770,"name":"Microstructure characterization via XRD and TEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure_characterization_via_XRD_and_TEM?f_ri=131787"},{"id":532025,"name":"Ziegler- Natta catalyst","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ziegler-_Natta_catalyst?f_ri=131787"},{"id":3702680,"name":"Propylene polymerization ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Propylene_polymerization?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39642295" data-work_id="39642295" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39642295/High_oxygen_evolution_reaction_activity_on_lithiated_nickel_oxides_Activity_descriptors">High oxygen evolution reaction activity on lithiated nickel oxides - Activity descriptors</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Alkaline water electrolyzers promise very high purity hydrogen production but suffer from large overpotential for anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here we describe the effect of lithium (Li+)-substitution into nickel oxide on the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39642295" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Alkaline water electrolyzers promise very high purity hydrogen production but suffer from large overpotential for anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here we describe the effect of lithium (Li+)-substitution into nickel oxide on the electrocatalytic activity towards OER in alkaline electrolyte. The X-ray diffraction patterns of lithiated nickel oxides (LixNi1−xO, x = 0.00–0.50) synthesized by the solution-combustion method suggest that pure phase of lithiated nickel oxide was formed until x = 0.30; thereafter, a secondary phase of LiNiO2 was observed. Rietveld analysis showed that Li+-substitution caused a contraction in the lattice structure as shown by the decrease in lattice parameters upon Li+-substitution. Further, the weight fraction of LiNiO2 was found to be dominant for x = 0.50. Deconvolution of the high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for O 1s and Ni 2p spectra suggested that concentration of oxygen vacancies increased linearly, whereas that of Ni3+ increased till x = 0.30 and it decreased when Li+-substitution was further increased to x = 0.40 and 0.50. Although electrical conductivity increased upon Li+-substitution, no significant effect was observed for lithiated samples with varying Li+-content (x = 0.10–0.50). The activities for OER were measured using the rotating disk electrode in 0.5 M NaOH electrolyte, and the data suggest that lithiated nickel oxide synthesized with x = 0.30 shows the highest current density at 1.70 vs. RHE (V). The decrease in OER activity for x = 0.40 and 0.50 was attributed to the decline in OER active Ni3+ sites (probably due to the presence of chemically unstable LiNiO2).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39642295" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="64ef876cd2a96e2aad7b9689bd852488" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59887136,"asset_id":39642295,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59887136/download_file?st=MTczMjk2OTc3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="121751" href="https://iitb.academia.edu/RaviSankannavar">Ravi Sankannavar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="121751" type="text/json">{"id":121751,"first_name":"Ravi","last_name":"Sankannavar","domain_name":"iitb","page_name":"RaviSankannavar","display_name":"Ravi Sankannavar","profile_url":"https://iitb.academia.edu/RaviSankannavar?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/121751/2113327/20431962/s65_ravi.sankannavar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39642295 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39642295"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39642295, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39642295", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39642295 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39642295; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39642295"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39642295 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39642295"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39642295; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39642295]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39642295").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39642295").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39642295"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29619" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rietveld_refinement">Rietveld refinement</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29619" type="text/json">{"id":29619,"name":"Rietveld refinement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rietveld_refinement?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55764" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition-Metal_Oxides">Transition-Metal Oxides</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55764" type="text/json">{"id":55764,"name":"Transition-Metal Oxides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition-Metal_Oxides?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="88383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deconvolution">Deconvolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="88383" type="text/json">{"id":88383,"name":"Deconvolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deconvolution?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="104345" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Energy">Hydrogen Energy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="104345" type="text/json">{"id":104345,"name":"Hydrogen Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Energy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39642295]'), work: {"id":39642295,"title":"High oxygen evolution reaction activity on lithiated nickel oxides - Activity descriptors","created_at":"2019-06-20T03:37:18.753-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39642295/High_oxygen_evolution_reaction_activity_on_lithiated_nickel_oxides_Activity_descriptors?f_ri=131787","dom_id":"work_39642295","summary":"Alkaline water electrolyzers promise very high purity hydrogen production but suffer from large overpotential for anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here we describe the effect of lithium (Li+)-substitution into nickel oxide on the electrocatalytic activity towards OER in alkaline electrolyte. The X-ray diffraction patterns of lithiated nickel oxides (LixNi1−xO, x = 0.00–0.50) synthesized by the solution-combustion method suggest that pure phase of lithiated nickel oxide was formed until x = 0.30; thereafter, a secondary phase of LiNiO2 was observed. Rietveld analysis showed that Li+-substitution caused a contraction in the lattice structure as shown by the decrease in lattice parameters upon Li+-substitution. Further, the weight fraction of LiNiO2 was found to be dominant for x = 0.50. Deconvolution of the high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for O 1s and Ni 2p spectra suggested that concentration of oxygen vacancies increased linearly, whereas that of Ni3+ increased till x = 0.30 and it decreased when Li+-substitution was further increased to x = 0.40 and 0.50. Although electrical conductivity increased upon Li+-substitution, no significant effect was observed for lithiated samples with varying Li+-content (x = 0.10–0.50). The activities for OER were measured using the rotating disk electrode in 0.5 M NaOH electrolyte, and the data suggest that lithiated nickel oxide synthesized with x = 0.30 shows the highest current density at 1.70 vs. RHE (V). The decrease in OER activity for x = 0.40 and 0.50 was attributed to the decline in OER active Ni3+ sites (probably due to the presence of chemically unstable LiNiO2).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59887136,"asset_id":39642295,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":121751,"first_name":"Ravi","last_name":"Sankannavar","domain_name":"iitb","page_name":"RaviSankannavar","display_name":"Ravi Sankannavar","profile_url":"https://iitb.academia.edu/RaviSankannavar?f_ri=131787","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/121751/2113327/20431962/s65_ravi.sankannavar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":29619,"name":"Rietveld refinement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rietveld_refinement?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":55764,"name":"Transition-Metal Oxides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition-Metal_Oxides?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":88383,"name":"Deconvolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deconvolution?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":104345,"name":"Hydrogen Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Energy?f_ri=131787","nofollow":false},{"id":131787,"name":"XRD Crystallography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?f_ri=131787"},{"id":205578,"name":"Oxidation State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidation_State?f_ri=131787"},{"id":319121,"name":"XPS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/XPS?f_ri=131787"},{"id":390049,"name":"Electrical Conductivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_Conductivity?f_ri=131787"},{"id":400905,"name":"Water Splitting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Splitting?f_ri=131787"},{"id":428312,"name":"Oxygen Vacancies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen_Vacancies?f_ri=131787"},{"id":683355,"name":"Water Electrolysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Electrolysis?f_ri=131787"},{"id":792383,"name":"Nickel Oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nickel_Oxide?f_ri=131787"},{"id":1553580,"name":"Oxygen evolution reaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen_evolution_reaction?f_ri=131787"},{"id":2241419,"name":"Lithium nickel oxides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lithium_nickel_oxides?f_ri=131787"},{"id":3289182,"name":"Alkaline water electrolysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alkaline_water_electrolysis?f_ri=131787"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/XRD_Crystallography?after=50%2C39642295" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a 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