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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Elson_Roemer" title="Carolus Elson Roemer – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolus Elson Roemer" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="بودى رويمير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بودى رويمير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%91%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Рёмер, Бадди – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рёмер, Бадди" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="Buddy Roemer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Buddy Roemer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D1%96_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Бадді Ремер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бадді Ремер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q878651#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (1943–2021)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Buddy Roemer</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddy_Roemer_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Buddy_Roemer_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/220px-Buddy_Roemer_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Buddy_Roemer_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/330px-Buddy_Roemer_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Buddy_Roemer_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg/440px-Buddy_Roemer_by_Gage_Skidmore_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4424" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">52nd <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of governors of Louisiana">Governor of Louisiana</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 14, 1988 – January 13, 1992</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hardy_(politician)" title="Paul Hardy (politician)">Paul Hardy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Edwin Edwards</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Louisiana04 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 4th congressional district">4th</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1981 – March 14, 1988</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Leach" title="Buddy Leach">Buddy Leach</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">Jim McCrery</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Charles Elson Roemer III</div><br />October 4, 1943<br /><a href="/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">May 17, 2021<span style="display:none">(2021-05-17)</span> (aged 77)<br /><a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge, Louisiana</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> (before 1991)<br /><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> (1991–2012, 2013–2021)<br /><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform</a> (2012–2013)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Cookie Demler</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1962; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1981)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Patti Crocker</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1981; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 2000)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Scarlett Roemer</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 2000)<wbr /></div><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Roemer_II" title="Charles E. Roemer II">Charles E. Roemer II</a> (father)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Business_Administration" title="Master of Business Administration">MBA</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charles Elson</b> "<b>Buddy</b>" <b>Roemer III</b> (October 4, 1943 – May 17, 2021) was an American politician, investor, and banker who served as the 52nd <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Louisiana" title="Governor of Louisiana">governor of Louisiana</a> from 1988 to 1992, and as a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from 1981 to 1988. In March 1991, while serving as governor, Roemer switched affiliation from the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roemer was a candidate for the presidential nominations of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a><sup id="cite_ref-Tilove_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tilove-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a><sup id="cite_ref-quits_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quits-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2012. He withdrew from those contests and sought the 2012 <a href="/wiki/Americans_Elect" title="Americans Elect">Americans Elect</a> presidential nomination until that group announced it would not field a candidate in 2012 because no candidate reached the required minimum threshold of support to be listed on its ballot.<sup id="cite_ref-elect_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elect-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roemer eventually endorsed Libertarian <a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson" title="Gary Johnson">Gary Johnson</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Mexico" title="Governor of New Mexico">governor of New Mexico</a>, for president in the 2012 general election.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roemer served on the Advisory Council of <a href="/wiki/Represent.Us" class="mw-redirect" title="Represent.Us">Represent.Us</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Nonpartisanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisanism">nonpartisan</a> anti-corruption organization.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life,_education,_and_early_career"><span id="Early_life.2C_education.2C_and_early_career"></span>Early life, education, and early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life, education, and early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Buddy Roemer was born on October 4, 1943, in <a href="/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Mullaney_1994_149_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mullaney_1994_149-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the son of <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Roemer,_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles E. Roemer, II">Charles Elson "Budgie" Roemer, II</a> (1923–2012)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ballad_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ballad-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the former Adeline McDade (1923–2016).<sup id="cite_ref-Mullaney_1994_149_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mullaney_1994_149-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roemer's maternal grandfather, Ross McDade, married a sister of the maternal grandmother of <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_C._Gardner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James C. Gardner (page does not exist)">James C. Gardner</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="List of mayors of Shreveport, Louisiana">mayor</a> of Shreveport. Gardner knew Roemer's grandfather as "Uncle Ross". McDade's wife died, and he remarried, from which union came Adeline Roemer. Roemer and Gardner were not close politically. </p><p>Roemer was reared on the family's Scopena <a href="/wiki/Plantations_in_the_American_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantations in the American South">plantation</a> near <a href="/wiki/Bossier_City,_Louisiana" title="Bossier City, Louisiana">Bossier City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Maverick_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maverick-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(government_funded)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public school (government funded)">public schools</a> and graduated in 1960 as <a href="/wiki/Valedictorian" title="Valedictorian">valedictorian</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bossier_High_School_(777_Bearcat_Drive,_Bossier_City,_Louisiana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bossier High School (777 Bearcat Drive, Bossier City, Louisiana)">Bossier High School</a>. In 1964, he graduated from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> degree in economics. In 1967, he received an <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Business_Administration" title="Master of Business Administration">MBA</a> in finance from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_School" title="Harvard Business School">Harvard Business School</a>. </p><p>Following college, Roemer returned to Louisiana to work in his father's computer business and later founded two banks. He was elected in 1972 as a <a href="/wiki/Delegate_(American_politics)" title="Delegate (American politics)">delegate</a> to the Louisiana Constitutional Convention held in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the Shreveport-area delegates who served with Roemer was his future gubernatorial advisor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_G._Pugh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert G. Pugh (page does not exist)">Robert G. Pugh</a>, future <a href="/wiki/U.S._District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. District Court for the Western District of Louisiana">U.S. District Judge</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stagg_(judge)" title="Tom Stagg (judge)">Tom Stagg</a>, and former <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Legislature" title="Louisiana State Legislature">Louisiana State Representative</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Fulco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Fulco (page does not exist)">Frank Fulco</a>. </p><p>Roemer's father had been in 1971 the campaign manager for <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a> and became commissioner of administration during Edwards' first term as governor. Buddy Roemer worked on the Edwards campaign as a regional leader and later started a political consulting firm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddy_Roemer_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Buddy_Roemer_Congress.jpg/220px-Buddy_Roemer_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Buddy_Roemer_Congress.jpg/330px-Buddy_Roemer_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Buddy_Roemer_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="377" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption>Roemer during his tenure in Congress</figcaption></figure> <p>As a member of Congress, Roemer represented <a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 4th congressional district">Louisiana's 4th congressional district</a> in the northwestern section of the state, which includes Shreveport and <a href="/wiki/Bossier_City,_Louisiana" title="Bossier City, Louisiana">Bossier City</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1978, Roemer lost in the <a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_blanket_primary" title="Nonpartisan blanket primary">nonpartisan blanket primary</a> for the 4th district congressional seat, which was vacated by popular incumbent <a href="/wiki/Joe_Waggonner" title="Joe Waggonner">Joe Waggonner</a>, also from <a href="/wiki/Bossier_Parish,_Louisiana" title="Bossier Parish, Louisiana">Bossier Parish</a>. Waggonner announced his opposition to Roemer after Roemer criticized the excessive costs of the <a href="/wiki/Red_River_of_the_South" title="Red River of the South">Red River</a> navigation program, a favored project of the retiring Waggonner. Roemer finished third in the primary to Democratic State Representative <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Leach" title="Buddy Leach">Buddy Leach</a>, with 27 percent of the ballots, and <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jimmy_Wilson_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jimmy Wilson (politician) (page does not exist)">Jimmy Wilson</a>, a former state representative from <a href="/wiki/Vivian,_Louisiana" title="Vivian, Louisiana">Vivian</a> in northern <a href="/wiki/Caddo_Parish,_Louisiana" title="Caddo Parish, Louisiana">Caddo Parish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leach went on to defeat Wilson by 266 votes in a disputed vote count. </p><p>In 1980, Roemer and Wilson again challenged Leach in the primary; also running was <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Senate" title="Louisiana State Senate">State Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Foster_Campbell" title="Foster Campbell">Foster Campbell</a> of Bossier Parish. That time, Wilson finished in third place, Roemer ranked second, again with 27 percent, and Leach led the field with 29 percent. In the general election, with the support of Wilson,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roemer handily defeated Leach, who had the support of Campbell, many other state legislators and former Governor <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Washington_Edwards" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwin Washington Edwards">Edwin Washington Edwards</a>, 64 to 36 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After his 1980 election victory, Roemer won congressional re-election without opposition in 1982, 1984, and 1986. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Congress, Roemer frequently supported <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>'s policy initiatives and fought with the Democratic congressional leadership,<sup id="cite_ref-Maverick_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maverick-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though he remained in the party. He also criticized then Democratic House leader <a href="/wiki/Tip_O%27Neill" title="Tip O'Neill">Tip O'Neill</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> for being "too liberal", and was in turn characterized by Speaker O'Neill as being "often wrong but never in doubt".<sup id="cite_ref-Fuerbringer_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fuerbringer-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Roemer left the House to become governor, he was succeeded by his administrative assistant, Republican <a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">Jim McCrery</a>. </p><p>In 1981, Roemer joined forty-seven other House Democrats in supporting the passage of the Reagan tax cuts, strongly opposed by Speaker O'Neill and Roemer's fellow Louisiana Democrat <a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">Gillis William Long</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Louisiana" title="Alexandria, Louisiana">Alexandria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1984, Roemer again broke with O'Neill to support Reagan's request for U.S. aid to <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a>, which Roemer described as "a freedom-loving country." Roemer was among the congressional observers in the El Salvador national election.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1988, Roemer claimed that Democratic presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Michael Dukakis</a> made "a much better choice in terms of politics and impact on Louisiana" in choosing U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Lloyd Bentsen</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> for his <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">vice presidential</a> running mate than did Republican <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> made in choosing Senator <a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a> of <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roemer, as the host governor and still a Democrat, welcomed the Republicans to <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans, Louisiana">New Orleans</a>, where delegates at the <a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention</a> nominated Bush and Quayle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Committee assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In his first term in Congress, Roemer was denied a seat on the Banking Committee by the Democratic leadership and instead was assigned to the Public Works and Transportation Committee due to Roemer having voted with the Republican minority on extending the debate on House rules proposed by the Democratic majority.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a member of the "<a href="/wiki/Boll_weevil_(politics)" title="Boll weevil (politics)">boll weevil</a>" and the Conservative Democratic Forum.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Louisiana">Governor of Louisiana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Governor of Louisiana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1987_gubernatorial_election">1987 gubernatorial election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1987 gubernatorial election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1987_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1987 Louisiana gubernatorial election">1987 Louisiana gubernatorial election</a></div> <p>Roemer was one of a large number of Democratic candidates to challenge three-term incumbent governor <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a>, whose flamboyant personality and reputation for questionable ethical practices had polarized voters. Other candidates challenging Edwards in the primary were U.S. Representatives <a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">Bob Livingston</a>, a suburban <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> Republican, and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">Billy Tauzin</a>, a Democrat from <a href="/wiki/Lafourche_Parish" class="mw-redirect" title="Lafourche Parish">Lafourche Parish</a>. Outgoing Secretary of State <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_H._%22Jim%22_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James H. "Jim" Brown (page does not exist)">James H. "Jim" Brown</a>, a lawyer from <a href="/wiki/Ferriday,_Louisiana" title="Ferriday, Louisiana">Ferriday</a> in <a href="/wiki/Concordia_Parish" class="mw-redirect" title="Concordia Parish">Concordia Parish</a>, also challenged Edwards. </p><p>While Edwards faced a wide field, Roemer's candidacy had a poignant aspect. His father, Charles E. Roemer II, had been Edwards' top aide and campaign manager during Edwards' first term as governor. In the 1972 campaign, Buddy Roemer had claimed that Edwards as governor "will listen to the people and to public officials who represent the people before acting on any problems in the state."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1981, Roemer's father had gone to prison on conviction of selling state insurance contracts. During the election he was advised by <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Hensley" title="Gordon Hensley">Gordon Hensley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roemer launched a fiery campaign against Edwards, calling for a "Roemer Revolution", where he would "scrub the budget", overhaul the education system, reform <a href="/wiki/Campaign_finance" title="Campaign finance">campaign finance</a> rules, and slash the state <a href="/wiki/Bureaucracy" title="Bureaucracy">bureaucracy</a> by "bricking up the top three floors of the Education Building." Perhaps the key moment in the 1987 race came at a forum among the candidates. As usual, the main topic of discussion was Edwin Edwards. His challengers were asked, in succession, if they would consider endorsing Edwards in the general election if they didn't make it to the <a href="/wiki/Runoff_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Runoff election">runoff</a>. The candidates hedged, particularly Secretary of State Jim Brown. The last candidate to speak was Roemer: "No, we've got to slay the <a href="/wiki/Dragon" title="Dragon">dragon</a>. I would endorse anyone but Edwards." The next day, as political commentator <a href="/wiki/John_Maginnis_(Louisiana_political_writer)" title="John Maginnis (Louisiana political writer)">John Maginnis</a> put it, Brown was explaining his statement while Roemer was ordering "Slay the Dragon" buttons. Boosted by his endorsement as the 'good government candidate' by nearly every newspaper in the state, Roemer stormed from last place in the polls and on election night, overtook Edwards and placed first in the primary election, with 33 percent of the vote compared with Edwards' 28 percent. </p><p>Edwards, recognizing he faced certain defeat, made the surprise announcement on election night that he would concede the race to Roemer. By withdrawing, Edwards denied Roemer the opportunity to build a governing coalition in the general election race, thus denying him a decisive majority victory. The defeated Edwards virtually ceded control of the state to Roemer even before the inauguration. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure_as_governor">Tenure as governor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Tenure as governor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Buddy_Roemer" title="Special:EditPage/Buddy Roemer">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Weasel plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Weasel" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">weasel words</a>: vague phrasing that often accompanies <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">biased</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverifiable</a> information</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Such statements should be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">clarified or removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2015</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Roemer entered the governor's office on March 14, 1988. In April 1988, under executive order, Roemer named William Hawthorn Lynch, a long-term investigative journalist who at the time was with the Baton Rouge bureau of the <i><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Times-Picayune" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans Times-Picayune">New Orleans Times-Picayune</a></i>, as the state's first inspector general. Lynch was empowered to investigate <a href="/wiki/Public_corruption" class="mw-redirect" title="Public corruption">corruption</a>, governmental inefficiencies, and misuse of state equipment. He remained in that position until his death in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roemer named the one-year state representative <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dennis_Stine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dennis Stine (page does not exist)">Dennis Stine</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Charles,_Louisiana" title="Lake Charles, Louisiana">Lake Charles</a>, a timber businessman, as the commissioner of administration, a post Stine held until the end of Roemer's term. </p><p>In October 1989, voters rejected a number of Roemer tax initiatives but approved a State constitutional amendment for transportation improvements.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Facing a $1.3 billion <a href="/wiki/Government_budget_deficit" class="mw-redirect" title="Government budget deficit">deficit</a> in the state budget, his first job was eliminating the deficit. Roemer's first chief of staff, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Len_Sanderson,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Len Sanderson, Jr. (page does not exist)">Len Sanderson, Jr.</a>, who had been a journalist with the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Town_Talk_(Alexandria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Town Talk (Alexandria) (page does not exist)">Alexandria Daily Town Talk</a></i>, had run Roemer's gubernatorial campaign and was a close confidant. He represented the reform-minded agenda that had redefined Louisiana politics during Roemer's first session. According to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Gomez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Gomez (page does not exist)">Ron Gomez</a>, Roemer's secretary of natural resources and a former legislator from <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a>, the LSU-educated Sanderson "with his blond hair spilling to below shoulder length, stepped on so many toes and got into so many faces that he didn't make it into the second year."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After another interim appointment, Roemer named former State Representative <a href="/w/index.php?title=P.J._Mills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="P.J. Mills (page does not exist)">P.J. Mills</a> of Shreveport as chief of staff, to, in the words of Gomez, "bring some maturity and experience to the office."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other sources<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (February 2015)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> maintain that Sanderson was an effective chief of staff who left office solely to rehabilitate from a tragic automobile accident. The majority of reform legislation was passed during the first months of the Roemer administration while Sanderson was chief of staff. Many<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (February 2015)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> said that Sanderson's departure could have been a turning point when the "revolutionary character" of the administration moved from the successful reform platform toward a more traditional political agenda. </p><p>Roemer also hired the <a href="/wiki/Political_consulting" title="Political consulting">political consultant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Public_opinion" title="Public opinion">pollster</a> Elliott Stonecipher of Shreveport.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roemer called a <a href="/wiki/Special_session" title="Special session">special session</a> of the legislature to push an ambitious tax and fiscal reform program for state and local governments. He vowed to slash spending, abolish programs, and close state-run institutions. Voters rejected his proposals in a statewide <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Constitution">constitutional</a> <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a>. </p><p>As governor, Roemer worked to boost lagging teacher pay and toughened laws on campaign finance. State employees and retirees received small pay increases too, the first in many years of austere state budgets. Roemer was also the first governor in recent state history to put a priority on protecting the environment. His secretary of the Department of Environmental Quality, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Templet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Templet (page does not exist)">Paul Templet</a>, repeatedly angered Louisiana's politically powerful oil and gas industry. The legislature, dominated by supporters of Edwards, repeatedly opposed Roemer's initiatives. </p><p>State Representative <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_M._Bolin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruce M. Bolin (page does not exist)">Bruce M. Bolin</a> of <a href="/wiki/Minden,_Louisiana" title="Minden, Louisiana">Minden</a>, later a state district court judge, supported Roemer's early reform efforts: "the state can't be everything to everybody, and the new budget reflects that." Bolin also correctly predicted that Roemer would in time run for president, but Roemer did not seek the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> for another twenty-four years. To make a presidential run, Bolin said that Roemer "needs no political baggage" and that Louisiana "must be viewed as a progressive state" for him to be able to accomplish that goal.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_J._Steimel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward J. Steimel (page does not exist)">Edward J. Steimel</a>, executive director of the pro-business lobby, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louisiana_Association_of_Business_and_Industry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louisiana Association of Business and Industry (page does not exist)">Louisiana Association of Business and Industry</a>, also applauded Roemer's early reform efforts. Business, said Steimel, achieved half of its goals in the 1988 legislative session. Another session of equal outcome, he added, could make the state competitive with its neighbors within a year.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 1989, the Louisiana Board of Appeals recommended a pardon for political prisoner and victim of extreme racism during the racial integration of Louisiana's public schools, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Tyler" title="Gary Tyler">Gary Tyler</a>. Notwithstanding Governor Roemer's own father, <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Roemer,_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles E. Roemer, II">Charles E. Roemer, II</a> having been a strong advocate for African-American Civil Rights in his own political career in Louisiana, Governor Roemer refused to consider a pardon for Tyler in a racially charged environment where <a href="/wiki/David_Duke" title="David Duke">David Duke</a> was gaining popularity and rising to prominent political power. Gary Tyler had been in prison 14 years as of 1989, and as a result of Governor Roemer's decision to refuse to consider the appeal, he would go on to serve an additional 27 years in the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Penitentiary" title="Louisiana State Penitentiary">Louisiana State Penitentiary</a> before finally being released in 2016. </p><p>In 1990, Roemer vetoed a bill – authored by Democratic Senator <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mike_Cross_(Louisiana_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mike Cross (Louisiana politician) (page does not exist)">Mike Cross</a> and supported by the influential Republican Senator <a href="/wiki/Fritz_H._Windhorst" title="Fritz H. Windhorst">Fritz H. Windhorst</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gretna,_Louisiana" title="Gretna, Louisiana">Gretna</a> and state Senate President, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allen_Bares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allen Bares (page does not exist)">Allen Bares</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a>. Bares had been supported by Roemer as Senate president over <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_B._Nelson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sydney B. Nelson (page does not exist)">Sydney B. Nelson</a> of Shreveport, who had been politicking behind the scenes for months for the position. After two years, senators removed Bares from the position and returned previous president <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Nunez" class="mw-redirect" title="Sammy Nunez">Sammy Nunez</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chalmette,_Louisiana" title="Chalmette, Louisiana">Chalmette</a> in <a href="/wiki/St._Bernard_Parish,_Louisiana" title="St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana">St. Bernard Parish</a>, it was seen<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (February 2015)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> as a striking rebuke to Roemer. </p><p>The Cross bill sought to ban <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> in cases of <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a> and <a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">incest</a> and imposed fines of up to $100,000 and ten years imprisonment on the practitioners, Roemer declared the legislation incompatible with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a> decision <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i>. His veto<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> alienated large numbers of his <a href="/wiki/Social_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Social conservative">socially conservative</a> electoral base. The legislature subsequently overrode Roemer's veto with an even larger margin than in the original bill. State Representative <a href="/wiki/Woody_Jenkins" title="Woody Jenkins">Woody Jenkins</a> of Baton Rouge, one of the leading abortion foes in the legislature, said the prohibition regarding rape and incest is needed to prevent women from filing false claims in such matters. State Senator Sydney Nelson said that he opposed the abortion ban because of the problems of unwanted children and defective births.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, in 1991, <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Judge" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Judge">United States District Judge</a> <a href="/wiki/Adrian_G._Duplantier" title="Adrian G. Duplantier">Adrian G. Duplantier</a> of New Orleans, a former state senator, ruled that the measure was in conflict with <i>Roe v. Wade</i> and the 1991 companion ruling <i><a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood_v._Casey" title="Planned Parenthood v. Casey">Planned Parenthood of Pennsylvania v. Casey</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roemer came under fire for hiring a friend to teach <a href="/wiki/The_Power_of_Positive_Thinking" title="The Power of Positive Thinking">positive thinking</a> to his staff. Staffers were asked to wear rubber bands on their wrists and were told to snap a band whenever they had negative thoughts.<sup id="cite_ref-Trio_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trio-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier, in 1989, Roemer had separated from his second wife, the former Patti Crocker, with the divorce final in 1990, after seventeen years of marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Univ._Press_of_Mississippi_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Univ._Press_of_Mississippi-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His widow is Patti Crocker Marchiafava of <a href="/wiki/Elkin,_North_Carolina" title="Elkin, North Carolina">Elkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>; the couple had one child, Dakota Frost Roemer, a businessman in <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a>, who in 2012 married the former Heather Rae Gatte, daughter of Nacis and Patty Gatte of <a href="/wiki/Iota,_Louisiana" title="Iota, Louisiana">Iota</a>, Louisiana.<sup id="cite_ref-dakota_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dakota-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roemer presided over the legalization of a <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Lottery_(modern)" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Lottery (modern)">state lottery</a> and controversial <a href="/wiki/Riverboat_gambling" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverboat gambling">riverboat gambling</a>, initiatives some reformers<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (February 2015)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> opposed. In 1991, with his support, the legislature legalized fifteen floating casinos throughout Louisiana and <a href="/wiki/Video_poker" title="Video poker">video poker</a> at bars and <a href="/wiki/Truck_stop" title="Truck stop">truck stops</a> throughout the state. He left office before the riverboat casinos or video poker went on line. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991_party_switch">1991 party switch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1991 party switch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 1991, Roemer <a href="/wiki/Party_switching" title="Party switching">switched</a> to the Republican Party just months before the state elections,<sup id="cite_ref-Trio_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trio-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> apparently at the urging of Bush White House Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/John_H._Sununu" title="John H. Sununu">John H. Sununu</a>. Roemer, as a new Democratic governor, had appeared at the 1988 Republican Convention in New Orleans to greet the delegates. The convention was held in New Orleans through the urging of longtime Louisiana Republican National Committeewoman <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Martinez_(Louisiana_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Martinez (Louisiana politician) (page does not exist)">Virginia Martinez</a>, who had worked for Livingston in the previous campaign. She was also the chairman of the 1988 Host Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roemer's late-term party switch dismayed as many Republican politicians and activists as it did Democrats. One irate Republican was the state party chairman, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Nungesser" title="Billy Nungesser">Billy Nungesser</a> of New Orleans. Failing to get the Louisiana Republicans' endorsement convention canceled, Roemer skipped the event. The convention, as expected, endorsed <a href="/wiki/United_States_Representative" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Representative">U.S. Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Clyde_C._Holloway" title="Clyde C. Holloway">Clyde C. Holloway</a>, the favored candidate of the <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion">anti-abortion</a> forces in the state, with whom Roemer was at odds at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991_gubernatorial_election">1991 gubernatorial election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1991 gubernatorial election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1991_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election">1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election</a></div> <p>The 1991 gubernatorial contest included Roemer, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Duke" title="David Duke">David Duke</a>, and Eighth District Congressman Clyde Holloway of <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill,_Louisiana" title="Forest Hill, Louisiana">Forest Hill</a>, who all ran in Louisiana's open primary. Roemer was wounded by his mistakes as governor, while Edwards and Duke each had a passionate core group of supporters. Roemer placed third in the primary. One of the contributing factors to Roemer's defeat in the 1991 primary was a last-minute advertising barrage by Marine Shale owner Jack Kent. Marine Shale had been targeted by the Roemer administration as a polluter. Kent spent $500,000 of his own money in the closing days of the campaign to purchase anti-Roemer commercials.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Roemer's defeat led to a nationally watched runoff election between Duke and Edwards. Faced with the alternative of David Duke, many Louisianans who were otherwise critical of Edwards now supported Edwards. This included Buddy Roemer, who had run on an "Anyone but Edwards" platform. He ended up endorsing Edwards rather than Duke, who was the putative Republican candidate. </p><p>As Roemer left the governorship, he predicted that his "unheralded" accomplishments would become obvious in the fourth Edwards term. According to Roemer, a key factor in his defeat for a second term was his alienation of <a href="/wiki/Interest_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Interest group">special interests</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fouryears_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fouryears-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of the <a href="/wiki/2023_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2023 Louisiana gubernatorial election">2023 election</a>, Roemer is the last governor to have hailed from northern Louisiana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-gubernatorial_career">Post-gubernatorial career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post-gubernatorial career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Immediately after leaving office as governor, Roemer taught a course in economics for the spring semester 1992 at his alma mater, Harvard University.<sup id="cite_ref-fouryears_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fouryears-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Sterling_Group,_Inc._(1992–1997)"><span id="The_Sterling_Group.2C_Inc._.281992.E2.80.931997.29"></span>The Sterling Group, Inc. (1992–1997)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The Sterling Group, Inc. (1992–1997)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the 1991 election cycle concluded, Roemer teamed up with a long-time friend, Joseph Traigle, to form The Sterling Group, Inc. The two met in the late 1960s in Shreveport, where they were both active in the <a href="/wiki/Junior_Chamber_International" title="Junior Chamber International">Junior Chamber International</a>. </p><p>The Sterling Group specializes in international trade of plastic raw materials between the United States and Mexico. Roemer served as the chairman of the board and Traigle served as president. Roemer was a strong supporter of improving Louisiana and U.S. trade with Mexico. Traigle bought Roemer out of the company in 1997. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1995_gubernatorial_election">1995 gubernatorial election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1995 gubernatorial election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1995_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1995 Louisiana gubernatorial election">1995 Louisiana gubernatorial election</a></div> <p>In 1995, Roemer attempted a political comeback when he again ran for governor. Having been squeezed out in 1991 between Edwards and Duke, Roemer chose to run on a much more conservative platform in 1995, emphasizing an anti-crime and anti-<a href="/wiki/Social_security" class="mw-redirect" title="Social security">welfare</a> stance. For example, he called for prisoner <a href="/wiki/Chain_gangs" class="mw-redirect" title="Chain gangs">chain gangs</a> to clean up litter on state highways. Roemer held a wide lead for much of the campaign, but faded in the days before the primary election as State Senator <a href="/wiki/Murphy_J._Foster,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Murphy J. Foster, Jr.">Mike Foster</a>, who switched affiliation from Democratic to Republican during the campaign, took conservative votes away from him. As a result, Roemer finished fourth with 18 percent of the vote, two percentage points from making the runoff, called the <a href="/wiki/General_election" title="General election">general election</a> in Louisiana. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004_U.S._Senate_election">2004 U.S. Senate election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 2004 U.S. Senate election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Louisiana" title="2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana">2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana</a></div> <p>In the summer of 2004, Roemer briefly considered entering the race to succeed retiring U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">John Breaux</a>. Roemer passed on the race, and Republican U.S. Representative <a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">David Vitter</a> of <a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 1st congressional district">Louisiana's 1st congressional district</a>, which includes suburban New Orleans, was elected to succeed Breaux. Vitter represented the house district held from 1977 to 1999 by Republican Bob Livingston, one of Roemer's gubernatorial rivals in 1987. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_business_career">Later business career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Later business career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BuddyRoemerJune2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/BuddyRoemerJune2008.jpg/200px-BuddyRoemerJune2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/BuddyRoemerJune2008.jpg/300px-BuddyRoemerJune2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/BuddyRoemerJune2008.jpg/400px-BuddyRoemerJune2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3471" data-file-height="2311" /></a><figcaption>Roemer speaking at a <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> presidential rally in Louisiana, June 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>Having met without success at his political comeback, Roemer turned his attention to investing and banking. He formed a company that built retirement housing near universities, with alumni from each university being the target buyers. He also founded Business First Bank, based in Baton Rouge, of which he was the President and CEO, and his daughter-in-law, Heather, is the assistant vice president of human resources.<sup id="cite_ref-dakota_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dakota-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2005, Roemer underwent <a href="/wiki/Coronary_artery_bypass_surgery" title="Coronary artery bypass surgery">triple bypass heart surgery</a> at the Baton Rouge General Medical Center.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, Roemer supported and campaigned for U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> of <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> for U.S. president. </p><p>In 2000, Roemer was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame">Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame</a> in <a href="/wiki/Winnfield,_Louisiana" title="Winnfield, Louisiana">Winnfield</a>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Gomez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Gomez (page does not exist)">Ron Gomez</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a> politicist) said that he believes Roemer "could have been one of Louisiana's great governors. The state's horrible financial condition when he took office, his dependence on an inexperienced and sometimes rashly immature staff in his first year or so, an overly-ambitious legislative agenda, and his own unpredictable dealings with individual legislators all contributed to the failures he suffered. Ultimately, all of these factors led to his running third, as the incumbent, in the 1991 gubernatorial election."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gomez describes Roemer as "a dynamic orator who could light up an audience with his first two sentences. When he got wound up it was truly evangelical, and he made sense. His wiry, five foot seven, one-hundred thirty-five pound frame would seem to uncoil and grow as he outlined his vision as a fighter against crime, corruption and waste in government, poor education, taxes and industrial pollution."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2014, Roemer became a partner at <a href="/wiki/The_Young_Turks" title="The Young Turks">The Young Turks</a>, an online progressive news network founded and run by <a href="/wiki/Cenk_Uygur" title="Cenk Uygur">Cenk Uygur</a>. Roemer's firm - Roemer, Robinson, Melville & Co, LLC - invested $4 million into the company. According to Uygur, the two met and bonded over their shared support of <a href="/wiki/Campaign_finance_reform_in_the_United_States" title="Campaign finance reform in the United States">campaign finance reform</a>, an issue that both Uygur and Roemer supported and have spoken about extensively for many years.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to their investment agreement, Roemer's firm is granted a seat on The Young Turks' advisory board, but does not enjoy editorial or content control. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012_presidential_candidacy">2012 presidential candidacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2012 presidential candidacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buddy_Roemer_Reform_Party.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Buddy_Roemer_Reform_Party.JPG/180px-Buddy_Roemer_Reform_Party.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Buddy_Roemer_Reform_Party.JPG/270px-Buddy_Roemer_Reform_Party.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Buddy_Roemer_Reform_Party.JPG/360px-Buddy_Roemer_Reform_Party.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1353" data-file-height="2148" /></a><figcaption>Roemer speaking at a Reform Party campaign in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, December 2011</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Buddy Roemer 2012 presidential campaign">Buddy Roemer 2012 presidential campaign</a></div> <p>In January 2011, Roemer told Baton Rouge television station <a href="/wiki/WAFB" title="WAFB">WAFB</a> that he was considering a bid for the U.S. presidency in <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 21, 2011, at <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hanover,_New_Hampshire" title="Hanover, New Hampshire">Hanover, New Hampshire</a>, Roemer announced his entry as a candidate for the Republican nomination for president. </p><p>On March 3, 2011, Roemer announced the formation of an <a href="/wiki/Exploratory_committee" title="Exploratory committee">exploratory committee</a> to prepare for a possible run for the 2012 presidential nomination of the Republican Party.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roemer stressed that <a href="/wiki/Campaign_finance_reform_in_the_United_States" title="Campaign finance reform in the United States">campaign finance reform</a> would be a key issue in his campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-derby_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-derby-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pledging to limit campaign contributions to $100 (~$135.00 in 2023) per individual, Roemer appeared as one of five candidates at a 2011 March forum in <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Faith_and_Freedom_Coalition" title="Faith and Freedom Coalition">Faith and Freedom Coalition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But he was not invited to any of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)_presidential_debates,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (United States) presidential debates, 2012">Republican debates</a> because he failed to meet the 7 percent minimum criterion for popularity in polls.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was not even included as an option in several polls<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the <a href="/wiki/Iowa_Republican_caucuses,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa Republican caucuses, 2012">2012 Iowa Caucus</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Republican_primary,_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="New Hampshire Republican primary, 2012">2012 New Hampshire primary</a> in early January.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead Roemer attempted to reach audiences through social media, including <a href="/wiki/Tweeting" class="mw-redirect" title="Tweeting">tweeting</a> responses to debates in which he could not participate. His donations averaged $30,000 a month, far below what is raised by the front runners.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This difference in campaign fundraising may be attributed to the fact that Roemer limited donations to $100 (~$135.00 in 2023) per U.S. citizen, and denied all PAC, <a href="/wiki/Super_PACs" class="mw-redirect" title="Super PACs">Super PAC</a>, and corporate donations.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His campaign garnered some visibility when Roemer starred in an advertisement for <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Colbert" title="Stephen Colbert">Stephen Colbert</a>'s Super PAC, in November 2011. The ad lampooned the flimsiness of legal restrictions against Super PACs coordinating with the candidates they support.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>On November 30, 2011, Roemer announced that he would seek the <a href="/wiki/Americans_Elect" title="Americans Elect">Americans Elect</a> nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On February 23, 2012, Roemer dropped out of the GOP nomination to seek the <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a>'s nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On May 17, 2012, Americans Elect announced that it would not run a candidate in the 2012 presidential elections.<sup id="cite_ref-elect_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elect-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On May 31, 2012, he announced that he was ending his 2012 presidential campaign altogether, citing the lack of ballot access in any of the 50 states to be the reason.<sup id="cite_ref-quits_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quits-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Though he had talked of leaving the Republican Party to become an <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politics)">Independent</a> after his presidential bid failed, the Louisiana secretary of state's office reports as of October 24, 2013, and again on February 1, 2016, that Roemer remained a registered Republican in <a href="/wiki/East_Baton_Rouge_Parish,_Louisiana" title="East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana">East Baton Rouge Parish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roemer was married three times, with his first two marriages ending in divorce. He had three children: daughter Caroline, and sons Chas and Dakota. </p><p>Roemer had a stroke in 2014, which affected his speech. He also had <a href="/wiki/Type_1_diabetes" title="Type 1 diabetes">type 1 diabetes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died at his home in <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a> on May 17, 2021, at age 77.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_politicians_who_switched_parties_in_office" title="List of American politicians who switched parties in office">List of American politicians who switched parties in office</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Specific</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDuckler2011" class="citation news cs1">Duckler, Ray (October 2, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121025092256/http://www.concordmonitor.com/article/280231/surprise-roemers-running?CSAuthResp=1317617091%3Aafl7uvg6ppa5egiieeohv9fnq0%3ACSUserId%7CCSGroupId%3Aapproved%3AE4827E5DFDA271EF870E5724CDEB73FD&CSUserId=94&CSGroupId=1">"Surprise! Roemer's running"</a>. <i>Concord Monitor</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.concordmonitor.com/article/280231/surprise-roemers-running?CSAuthResp=1317617091%3Aafl7uvg6ppa5egiieeohv9fnq0%3ACSUserId%7CCSGroupId%3Aapproved%3AE4827E5DFDA271EF870E5724CDEB73FD&CSUserId=94&CSGroupId=1">the original</a> on October 25, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Concord+Monitor&rft.atitle=Surprise%21+Roemer%27s+running&rft.date=2011-10-02&rft.aulast=Duckler&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.concordmonitor.com%2Farticle%2F280231%2Fsurprise-roemers-running%3FCSAuthResp%3D1317617091%253Aafl7uvg6ppa5egiieeohv9fnq0%253ACSUserId%257CCSGroupId%253Aapproved%253AE4827E5DFDA271EF870E5724CDEB73FD%26CSUserId%3D94%26CSGroupId%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000384">"ROEMER, Charles Elson (Buddy), III"</a>. <i>Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2012/02/buddy_roemer_gives_up_gop_bid.html">the original</a> on February 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Buddy+Roemer+gives+up+GOP+bid+to+seek+two+third-party+nods&rft.date=2012-02-22&rft.aulast=Tilove&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fpolitics%2Findex.ssf%2F2012%2F02%2Fbuddy_roemer_gives_up_gop_bid.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quits-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-quits_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-quits_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Burns, Alexander (May 31, 2012) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/blogs/burns-haberman/2012/05/buddy-roemer-quits-race-124899.html">"Buddy Roemer quits 2012 race"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Politico_(newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Politico (newspaper)">Politico</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Third+party+effort+packs+it+in+for+2012&rft.date=2012-05-17&rft.au=Liptak%2C+Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoliticalticker.blogs.cnn.com%2F2012%2F05%2F17%2Fthird-party-effort-packs-it-in-for-2012%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reason.com/blog/2012/08/02/former-gop-presidential-candidate-buddy">"Former GOP Presidential Candidate Buddy Roemer Calls For Gary Johnson to Be Included in Romney and Obama's Presidential Debates"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73577821.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Mar+20%2C+1988&author=John+Ed+Bradley&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=w.33&desc=The+Ballad+of+Buddy+Roemer">the original</a> on May 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 12,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+Ballad+of+Buddy+Roemer&rft.date=1988-03-20&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=John+Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Fwashingtonpost%2Faccess%2F73577821.html%3FFMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT%26date%3DMar%2B20%252C%2B1988%26author%3DJohn%2BEd%2BBradley%26pub%3DThe%2BWashington%2BPost%2B%28pre-1997%2BFulltext%29%26edition%3D%26startpage%3Dw.33%26desc%3DThe%2BBallad%2Bof%2BBuddy%2BRoemer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hamiltonmixon.com/Ballad.pdf">pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110301135038/http://www.hamiltonmixon.com/Ballad.pdf">Archived</a> March 1, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Michigan1990" class="citation book cs1">University of Michigan (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B5MYAAAAIAAJ&q=frances+demler"><i>Current biography yearbook, Volume 51</i></a>. H. W. Wilson Company. p. 531<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 12,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Current+biography+yearbook%2C+Volume+51&rft.pages=531&rft.pub=H.+W.+Wilson+Company&rft.date=1990&rft.au=University+of+Michigan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB5MYAAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dfrances%2Bdemler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGee1987" class="citation news cs1">McGee, Kevin T. (October 26, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110525113147/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/55757366.html?dids=55757366:55757366&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+26%2C+1987&author=Kevin+T.+McGee&pub=USA+TODAY+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=La.+gov+quits+race&pqatl=google">"La. Gov Quits Race"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. p. 2A. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/55757366.html?dids=55757366:55757366&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+26%2C+1987&author=Kevin+T.+McGee&pub=USA+TODAY+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=La.+gov+quits+race&pqatl=google">the original</a> on May 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=La.+Gov+Quits+Race&rft.pages=2A&rft.date=1987-10-26&rft.aulast=McGee&rft.aufirst=Kevin+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2FUSAToday%2Faccess%2F55757366.html%3Fdids%3D55757366%3A55757366%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT%26type%3Dcurrent%26date%3DOct%2B26%252C%2B1987%26author%3DKevin%2BT.%2BMcGee%26pub%3DUSA%2BTODAY%2B%28pre-1997%2BFulltext%29%26desc%3DLa.%2Bgov%2Bquits%2Brace%26pqatl%3Dgoogle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maverick-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maverick_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maverick_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFuerbringer,_J.1987" class="citation news cs1">Fuerbringer, J. (June 12, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=G7wbAAAAIBAJ&pg=4311,2433588&dq=roemer+scopena-plantation&hl=en">"Roemer finds poker valuable"</a>. <i>The Times-News</i>. Hendersonville, NC. New York Times News Service. p. 24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times-News&rft.atitle=Roemer+finds+poker+valuable&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1987-06-12&rft.au=Fuerbringer%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DG7wbAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4311%2C2433588%26dq%3Droemer%2Bscopena-plantation%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JVtaAAAAIBAJ&pg=6897,99490">"Governor Buddy Roemer is a Maverick Southern Politician"</a>. <i>Waycross Journal-Herald</i>. Associated Press. October 16, 1990.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waycross+Journal-Herald&rft.atitle=Governor+Buddy+Roemer+is+a+Maverick+Southern+Politician&rft.date=1990-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DJVtaAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6897%2C99490&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=32017">"LA District 4 – Open Primary Race – Sep 16, 1978"</a>. Our Campaigns<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LA+District+4+%E2%80%93+Open+Primary+Race+%E2%80%93+Sep+16%2C+1978&rft.pub=Our+Campaigns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D32017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Wilson endorses Roemer", <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minden_Press-Herald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minden Press-Herald (page does not exist)">Minden Press-Herald</a></i>, September 19, 1980, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=49554">"LA District 4 Race – Nov 04, 1980"</a>. Our Campaigns<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LA+District+4+Race+%E2%80%93+Nov+04%2C+1980&rft.pub=Our+Campaigns&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D49554&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fuerbringer-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fuerbringer_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFuerbringer1987" class="citation news cs1">Fuerbringer, Jonathan (June 10, 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/10/us/washington-talk-avocations-networking-at-the-poker-table.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm">"WASHINGTON TALK: Avocations; Networking at the Poker Table"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=WASHINGTON+TALK%3A+Avocations%3B+Networking+at+the+Poker+Table&rft.date=1987-06-10&rft.aulast=Fuerbringer&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1987%2F06%2F10%2Fus%2Fwashington-talk-avocations-networking-at-the-poker-table.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%26src%3Dpm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Margie Dale and Vicky Harris, "Pro and Con of tax cut: Roemer vs. Long", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, July 31, 1981, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Roemer backs aid to El Salvador", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, May 9, 1984, p. 5A</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AD&p_theme=ad&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB475001AA629B0&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">"Roemer criticizes Quayle as VP choice"</a>. The Advocate. August 18, 1988<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Roemer+criticizes+Quayle+as+VP+choice&rft.date=1988-08-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DAD%26p_theme%3Dad%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D0EB475001AA629B0%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xvRiAAAAIBAJ&pg=3574,1008767&dq=buddy+roemer+committee&hl=en">"Democrats tighten ranks"</a>. <i>The Evening News</i>. January 7, 1981.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Evening+News&rft.atitle=Democrats+tighten+ranks&rft.date=1981-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DxvRiAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3574%2C1008767%26dq%3Dbuddy%2Broemer%2Bcommittee%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker1984" class="citation news cs1">Baker, Kathryn (December 26, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LLdcAAAAIBAJ&pg=3736,404708&dq=buddy+roemer&hl=en">"Weevils flourish"</a>. <i>Portsmouth Daily Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Portsmouth+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Weevils+flourish&rft.date=1984-12-26&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DLLdcAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3736%2C404708%26dq%3Dbuddy%2Broemer%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Edwards campaigner Say's He 'Will Listen'", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, February 25, 1972, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaginnis2011" class="citation book cs1">Maginnis, John (October 1, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3UM3_hDzspIC&q=Gordon+Hensley&pg=PA123"><i>Cross to Bear</i></a>. Pelican Publishing Company, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781455616299" title="Special:BookSources/9781455616299"><bdi>9781455616299</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cross+to+Bear&rft.pub=Pelican+Publishing+Company%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2011-10-01&rft.isbn=9781455616299&rft.aulast=Maginnis&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3UM3_hDzspIC%26q%3DGordon%2BHensley%26pg%3DPA123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oig.louisiana.gov/index.cfm?md=pagebuilder&tmp=home&nid=6&pnid=2&pid=3&catid=0">"History"</a>. oig.Louisiana.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=oig.Louisiana.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foig.louisiana.gov%2Findex.cfm%3Fmd%3Dpagebuilder%26tmp%3Dhome%26nid%3D6%26pnid%3D2%26pid%3D3%26catid%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Roemer's loss, victgory are state's top stories," <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, December 31, 1989, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Gomez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Gomez (page does not exist)">Gomez, Ron</a> (2000), <i>My Name Is Ron And I'm a Recovering Legislator: Memoirs of a Louisiana State Representative</i>, <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a>, Louisiana: Zemog Publishing, p. 171, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9700156-0-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9700156-0-7">0-9700156-0-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ron Gomez, p. 168</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theadvocate.com/columnists/markballard/5693081-123/political-horizons-impact-of-statistical">"Mark Ballard, Political Horizons: Impact of statistical spin, September 21, 2013"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(Baton_Rouge)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Advocate (Baton Rouge)">Baton Rouge Morning Advocate</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Baton+Rouge+Morning+Advocate&rft.atitle=Mark+Ballard%2C+Political+Horizons%3A+Impact+of+statistical+spin%2C+September+21%2C+2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheadvocate.com%2Fcolumnists%2Fmarkballard%2F5693081-123%2Fpolitical-horizons-impact-of-statistical&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Bolin: 'Roemer's aspiration can only help state'", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, May 17, 1988, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Steimel applauds Roemer's efforts", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, July 13, 1988, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roemer vetoes abortion bill", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, July 27, 1990, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Abortion: Roemer vows veto, Jenkins, an override", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, June 28, 1990, p. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Louisiana's anti-abortion law is ruled unconstitutional", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, September 23, 1992, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trio-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Trio_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Trio_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=TjQdAAAAIBAJ&pg=5904,3378123">"Trio in Louisiana make up unusual slate for governor"</a>. <i>The Milwaukee Journal</i>. Associated Press. March 18, 1991.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Milwaukee+Journal&rft.atitle=Trio+in+Louisiana+make+up+unusual+slate+for+governor&rft.date=1991-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DTjQdAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5904%2C3378123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qR5ZAAAAIBAJ&pg=3470,163944">"Names ... in the news"</a>. <i>The Union Democrat</i>. September 5, 1990.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Union+Democrat&rft.atitle=Names+...+in+the+news&rft.date=1990-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DqR5ZAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3470%2C163944&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Univ._Press_of_Mississippi-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Univ._Press_of_Mississippi_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowan,_Walter_G.McGuire,_Jack_B.2008" class="citation book cs1">Cowan, Walter G.; McGuire, Jack B. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-0-kmu4vk0C&q=patti+roemer&pg=PA265"><i>Louisiana Governors: Rulers, Rascals, and Reformers</i></a>. University Press of Mississippi. p. 265. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-934110-90-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-934110-90-4"><bdi>978-1-934110-90-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Louisiana+Governors%3A+Rulers%2C+Rascals%2C+and+Reformers&rft.pages=265&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-934110-90-4&rft.au=Cowan%2C+Walter+G.&rft.au=McGuire%2C+Jack+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY-0-kmu4vk0C%26q%3Dpatti%2Broemer%26pg%3DPA265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dakota-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dakota_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dakota_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crowleypostsignal.com/view/full_story/21589430/article-Gatte--Roemer-wed-at-Houmas-House?instance=Lifestyle%20Home%20Page">"Gatte, Roemer wed at Houmas House"</a>. crowleypostsignal.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gatte%2C+Roemer+wed+at+Houmas+House&rft.pub=crowleypostsignal.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crowleypostsignal.com%2Fview%2Ffull_story%2F21589430%2Farticle-Gatte--Roemer-wed-at-Houmas-House%3Finstance%3DLifestyle%2520Home%2520Page&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071031083718/http://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/la/orleans/obits/1/m-07.txt">"M Obituaries Orleans Parish Louisiana: 001924 Martinez"</a>. LAGenWeb Archives. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/la/orleans/obits/1/m-07.txt">the original</a> on October 31, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=M+Obituaries+Orleans+Parish+Louisiana%3A+001924+Martinez&rft.pub=LAGenWeb+Archives&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fftp.rootsweb.com%2Fpub%2Fusgenweb%2Fla%2Forleans%2Fobits%2F1%2Fm-07.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas1991" class="citation news cs1">Thomas, Patrick (June 14, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-06-14-mn-658-story.html">"Louisiana GOP expected to reject Roemer"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Louisiana+GOP+expected+to+reject+Roemer&rft.date=1991-06-14&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-06-14-mn-658-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fouryears-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fouryears_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fouryears_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Roemer: Four years have left their mark", <i>Minden Press-Herald</i>, January 5, 1992, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120403030851/http://www.klfy.com/story/3530940/ex-governor-at-home-after-bypass-surgery?redirected=true">"Ex-Governor at Home After Bypass Surgery"</a>. KLFY. Associated Press. June 28, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klfy.com/story/3530940/ex-governor-at-home-after-bypass-surgery?redirected=true">the original</a> on April 3, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ex-Governor+at+Home+After+Bypass+Surgery&rft.date=2005-06-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.klfy.com%2Fstory%2F3530940%2Fex-governor-at-home-after-bypass-surgery%3Fredirected%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ron Gomez, p. 169</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ron Gomez, pp. 169–170</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/blogs/media/2014/04/buddy-roemer-firm-invests-4-million-in-young-turks-network-186934">"Buddy Roemer firm invests $4 million in Young Turks Network"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Buddy+Roemer+firm+invests+%244+million+in+Young+Turks+Network&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fblogs%2Fmedia%2F2014%2F04%2Fbuddy-roemer-firm-invests-4-million-in-young-turks-network-186934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kornacki, Steve (2011-03-03) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/news/2012_elections/index.html?story=/politics/war_room/2011/03/02/roemer_duke_president">The White House hopeful who lost to the Klansman</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110304231157/http://www.salon.com/news/2012_elections/index.html?story=%2Fpolitics%2Fwar_room%2F2011%2F03%2F02%2Froemer_duke_president">Archived</a> March 4, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110104094423/http://www.lapolitics.com/column.php">"A Louisiana Governor for President – Weekly column by John Maginnis"</a>. LaPolitics.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lapolitics.com/column.php">the original</a> on January 4, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Louisiana+Governor+for+President+%E2%80%93+Weekly+column+by+John+Maginnis&rft.pub=LaPolitics.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lapolitics.com%2Fcolumn.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110204190239/http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/01/buddy_roemer_for_president.html">"Buddy Roemer for president?"</a>. <i>The New Orleans Times-Picayune</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/01/buddy_roemer_for_president.html">the original</a> on February 4, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Feb 4,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Orleans+Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Buddy+Roemer+for+president%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fpolitics%2Findex.ssf%2F2011%2F01%2Fbuddy_roemer_for_president.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wxvt.com/Global/story.asp?S=14181238">"Roemer announces 2012 presidential bid"</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2017">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, WXVT-TV.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-derby-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-derby_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Derby, Kevin (March 3, 2011)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/story/fighting-campaign-finance-reform-buddy-roemer-jumps-2012-race">"Fighting for Campaign Finance Reform, Buddy Roemer Jumps into 2012 Race"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110308203633/http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/story/fighting-campaign-finance-reform-buddy-roemer-jumps-2012-race">Archived</a> March 8, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Sunshine State News</i>. Retrieved March 3, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGill2011" class="citation news cs1">Gill, James (March 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/opinions/index.ssf/2011/03/who_is_this_man_former_louisia.html">"Who is this guy Roemer described?"</a>. <i>Times-Picayune</i>. p. B5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times-Picayune&rft.atitle=Who+is+this+guy+Roemer+described%3F&rft.pages=B5&rft.date=2011-03-13&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nola.com%2Fopinions%2Findex.ssf%2F2011%2F03%2Fwho_is_this_man_former_louisia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120529182623/http://www.therightsphere.com/2012/01/why-is-rick-perry-invited-to-the-cnn-debate-but-not-buddy-roemer/">"Why is Rick Perry Invited to the CNN Debate, But Not Buddy Roemer?"</a>. The Right Sphere. January 15, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.therightsphere.com/2012/01/why-is-rick-perry-invited-to-the-cnn-debate-but-not-buddy-roemer/">the original</a> on May 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Candidates+%26+Races+%E2%80%93+Election+2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojects.wsj.com%2Fcampaign2012%2Fcandidates%3Fmod%3Dwsj_elections_2012_nav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214191141/http://2012newhampshireprimary.com/">"2012 New Hampshire Primary"</a>. 2012 New Hampshire Primary. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2012+New+Hampshire+Primary&rft.pub=2012+New+Hampshire+Primary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2012newhampshireprimary.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaslow2011" class="citation news cs1">Saslow, Eli (December 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/buddy-roemer-among-those-struggling-for-a-slot-in-gop-presidential-race/2011/12/08/gIQAlXCRgO_print.html">"Buddy Roemer among those struggling for a slot in GOP presidential race"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Buddy+Roemer+among+those+struggling+for+a+slot+in+GOP+presidential+race&rft.date=2011-12-08&rft.aulast=Saslow&rft.aufirst=Eli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Fstyle%2Fbuddy-roemer-among-those-struggling-for-a-slot-in-gop-presidential-race%2F2011%2F12%2F08%2FgIQAlXCRgO_print.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">buddyroemer.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018003726/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/upxe8v/the-colbert-report-colbert-super-pac-ad---undaunted-non-coordination">"Colbert Super PAC Ad – Undaunted Non-Coordination"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voterportal.sos.la.gov/home.aspx">the original</a> on October 19, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Charles+E.+Roemer%2C+III&rft.pub=voterportal.sos.la.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoterportal.sos.la.gov%2Fhome.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFausset2021" class="citation news cs1">Fausset, Richard (May 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/17/us/buddy-roemer-dead.html">"Buddy Roemer, Reformer as a Louisiana Governor, Dies at 77"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Buddy+Roemer%2C+Reformer+as+a+Louisiana+Governor%2C+Dies+at+77&rft.date=2021-05-17&rft.aulast=Fausset&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F05%2F17%2Fus%2Fbuddy-roemer-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBridges2021" class="citation news cs1">Bridges, Tyler (May 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/article_4e8cd89e-3676-11eb-b2fc-eb5c23580375.htm">"Buddy Roemer, Louisiana's former Democrat-turned-Republican governor, dies at 77"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(Louisiana)" title="The Advocate (Louisiana)">The Advocate</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Advocate&rft.atitle=Buddy+Roemer%2C+Louisiana%27s+former+Democrat-turned-Republican+governor%2C+dies+at+77&rft.date=2021-05-17&rft.aulast=Bridges&rft.aufirst=Tyler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theadvocate.com%2Fbaton_rouge%2Fnews%2Farticle_4e8cd89e-3676-11eb-b2fc-eb5c23580375.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABuddy+Roemer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>General</dt></dl> <ul><li>Bridges, Tyler. <i>The Rise of David Duke</i>. University of Mississippi: Jackson, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87805-684-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87805-684-2">978-0-87805-684-2</a></li> <li>Bridges, Tyler. <i>Bad Bet on the Bayou: The Rise of Gambling in Louisiana, and the Fall of Governor Edwin Edwards</i>. Farrar, Straus & Giroux: New York, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-52854-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-52854-6">978-0-374-52854-6</a></li> <li>DuBos, Clancy. “Roemer’s Redemption: The Former Governor Takes Another Shot at the Mansion.” <i>Gambit Weekly</i>. September 19, 1995.</li> <li>Gardner, James C., <i>Jim Gardner and Shreveport, Vol. II</i>. Shreveport: Ritz Publications, 2006, 285–288.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Gomez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Gomez (page does not exist)">Gomez, Ron</a> (2000), <i>My Name Is Ron And I'm a Recovering Legislator: Memoirs of a Louisiana State Representative</i>, <a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Louisiana" title="Lafayette, Louisiana">Lafayette</a>, Louisiana: Zemog Publishing, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9700156-0-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9700156-0-7">0-9700156-0-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maginnis_(Louisiana_political_writer)" title="John Maginnis (Louisiana political writer)">Maginnis, John</a>. <i>Cross to Bear</i>. Darkhorse Press, Baton Rouge, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9614138-2-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9614138-2-8">978-0-9614138-2-8</a></li> <li>Reeves, Miriam G. <i>The Governors of Louisiana</i>. Gretna: Pelican Press, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58980-262-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58980-262-9">978-1-58980-262-9</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddy_Roemer&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://buddyroemer.com/">Buddy Roemer 2012</a> <i>official campaign site</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080221041650/http://www.sos.louisiana.gov/tabid/409/Default.aspx">Former Governor profile</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Secretary of State">Louisiana Secretary of State</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000384">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P20002523">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/128775">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?3394">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/pres12/candidate.php?id=N00022270">Financial information</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenSecrets" title="OpenSecrets">OpenSecrets</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/keyword/buddy-roemer">Buddy Roemer (1987–1994)</a>, collected coverage at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426010113/http://www.pointninenine.com/2011/11/buddy-roemer-9-questions-with-the-gop-presidential-candidate-about-campaign-finance-the-99-and-a-possible-split-ticket/">Buddy Roemer: 9 Questions with the GOP Presidential Candidate about Campaign Finance, the 99% and a Possible Split Ticket</a>, Dan O'Mahony, <i>Point Nine Nine</i>, November 28, 2011</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/12/buddy-roemers-overshadowed-nh-retail-experiment/250191/">Buddy Roemer's Overshadowed New Hampshire Retail Experiment</a>, Tyler Bridges, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>, December 20, 2011</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Leach" title="Buddy Leach">Buddy Leach</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Louisiana">House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 4th congressional district">Louisiana's 4th congressional district</a> </b><br />1981–1988 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">Jim McCrery</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Louisiana">Governor of Louisiana</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1987_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1987 Louisiana gubernatorial election">1987</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Governors of Louisiana">Governor of Louisiana</a> </b><br />1988–1992 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Louisiana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_Louisiana" title="Template talk:Governors of Louisiana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_Louisiana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of Louisiana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Louisiana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of governors of Louisiana">Governors of Louisiana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">State <span class="nobold">(1812–1861)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_C._C._Claiborne" title="William C. C. Claiborne">Claiborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Viller%C3%A9" title="Jacques Villeré">Villeré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Robertson" title="Thomas B. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Thibodaux" title="Henry S. Thibodaux">Thibodaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Henry Johnson (Louisiana politician)">H. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Derbigny" title="Pierre Derbigny">Derbigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaud_Beauvais" title="Arnaud Beauvais">Beauvais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dupr%C3%A9" title="Jacques Dupré">Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_B._Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre B. Roman">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Douglass_White_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Douglass White Sr.">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_B._Roman" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre B. Roman">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Mouton" title="Alexandre Mouton">Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Johnson_(politician)" title="Isaac Johnson (politician)">I. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Marshall_Walker" title="Joseph Marshall Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Octave_H%C3%A9bert" title="Paul Octave Hébert">Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Wickliffe" title="Robert C. Wickliffe">Wickliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Overton_Moore" title="Thomas Overton Moore">Moore</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Seal_of_Louisiana.svg/75px-Seal_of_Louisiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Seal_of_Louisiana.svg/113px-Seal_of_Louisiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Seal_of_Louisiana.svg/150px-Seal_of_Louisiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate <span class="nobold">(1861–1865)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Overton_Moore" title="Thomas Overton Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Watkins_Allen" title="Henry Watkins Allen">H. Allen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union <span class="nobold">(1862–1865)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Foster_Shepley_(judge)" title="George Foster Shepley (judge)">Shepley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hahn" title="Michael Hahn">Hahn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction Era">Reconstruction <span class="nobold">(1865–1868)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Wells" title="James Madison Wells">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Flanders" title="Benjamin Flanders">Flanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Baker" title="Joshua Baker">Baker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State <span class="nobold">(since 1868)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Warmoth" title="Henry C. Warmoth">Warmoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._B._S._Pinchback" title="P. B. S. Pinchback">Pinchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEnery_(politician)" title="John McEnery (politician)">J. McEnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_Kellogg" title="William Pitt Kellogg">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_B._Packard" title="Stephen B. Packard">Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_T._Nicholls" title="Francis T. Nicholls">Nicholls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Wiltz" title="Louis A. Wiltz">Wiltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_D._McEnery" title="Samuel D. McEnery">S. McEnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_T._Nicholls" title="Francis T. Nicholls">Nicholls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_J._Foster" title="Murphy J. Foster">M. J. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wright_Heard" title="William Wright Heard">Heard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_C._Blanchard" title="Newton C. Blanchard">Blanchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Sr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Sr.">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_E._Hall" title="Luther E. Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffin_G._Pleasant" title="Ruffin G. Pleasant">Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Parker" title="John M. Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Fuqua" title="Henry L. Fuqua">Fuqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oramel_H._Simpson" title="Oramel H. Simpson">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_Long" title="Huey Long">H. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Olin_King" title="Alvin Olin King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_K._Allen" title="Oscar K. Allen">O. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Noe" title="James A. Noe">Noe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_W._Leche" title="Richard W. Leche">Leche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">E. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_H._Jones" title="Sam H. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Davis" title="Jimmie Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">E. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennon" title="Robert F. Kennon">Kennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">E. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Davis" title="Jimmie Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McKeithen" title="John McKeithen">McKeithen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">E. Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Treen" title="Dave Treen">Treen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">E. Edwards</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">E. Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">M. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Blanco" title="Kathleen Blanco">Blanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal">Jindal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">J. Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Landry" title="Jeff Landry">Landry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Louisiana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="Template:United States representatives from Louisiana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="Template talk:United States representatives from Louisiana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States representatives from Louisiana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Louisiana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Louisiana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana01 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 1st congressional district">1st district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Livingston" title="Edward Livingston">E. Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._White_Sr." title="Edward D. White Sr.">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Henry Johnson (Louisiana politician)">H. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_D._White_Sr." title="Edward D. White Sr.">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Slidell" title="John Slidell">Slidell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_La_S%C3%A9re" title="Emile La Sére">La Sére</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Martin" title="Louis St. Martin">St. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dunbar_(politician)" title="William Dunbar (politician)">Dunbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eustis_Jr." title="George Eustis Jr.">Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Bouligny" title="John Edward Bouligny">Bouligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Hale_Sypher" title="J. Hale Sypher">Sypher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effingham_Lawrence" title="Effingham Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_L._Gibson" title="Randall L. Gibson">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_Hunt" title="Carleton Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Martin" title="Louis St. Martin">St. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_S._Wilkinson_(politician)" title="Theodore S. Wilkinson (politician)">Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Meyer" title="Adolph Meyer">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Estopinal" title="Albert Estopinal">Estopinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Connor_(Louisiana_politician)" title="James O'Connor (Louisiana politician)">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_O._Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Joachim O. Fernández">Fernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Edward_H%C3%A9bert" title="F. Edward Hébert">Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Tonry" title="Richard A. Tonry">Tonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">B. Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">Vitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jindal" title="Bobby Jindal">Jindal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">Scalise</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/100px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/150px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/200px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="7040" data-file-height="4556" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana02 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 2nd congressional district">2nd district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Gurley" title="Henry H. Gurley">Gurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philemon_Thomas" title="Philemon Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleazer_W._Ripley" title="Eleazer W. Ripley">Ripley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Chinn" title="Thomas W. Chinn">Chinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bennett_Dawson" title="John Bennett Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alc%C3%A9e_Louis_la_Branche" title="Alcée Louis la Branche">la Branche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannon_G._Thibodeaux" title="Bannon G. Thibodeaux">Thibodeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Magill_Conrad" title="Charles Magill Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Bullard" title="Henry A. Bullard">Bullard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Aristide_Landry" title="Joseph Aristide Landry">J. A. Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_G._Hunt" title="Theodore G. Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Taylor_(politician)" title="Miles Taylor (politician)">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Mann_(1822%E2%80%931868)" title="James Mann (1822–1868)">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Allen_Sheldon" title="Lionel Allen Sheldon">Sheldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._John_Ellis" title="E. John Ellis">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hahn" title="Michael Hahn">Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_D._Wallace" title="Nathaniel D. Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_D._Lagan" title="Matthew D. Lagan">Lagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_D._Coleman" title="Hamilton D. Coleman">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_D._Lagan" title="Matthew D. Lagan">Lagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Davey" title="Robert C. Davey">Davey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Buck" title="Charles F. Buck">Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Davey" title="Robert C. Davey">Davey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Gilmore" title="Samuel L. Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Garland_Dupr%C3%A9" title="H. Garland Dupré">Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Z._Spearing" title="James Z. Spearing">Spearing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._Maloney" title="Paul H. Maloney">Maloney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Boggs" title="Hale Boggs">H. Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._Maloney" title="Paul H. Maloney">Maloney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Boggs" title="Hale Boggs">H. Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindy_Boggs" title="Lindy Boggs">L. Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_(politician)" title="William Jefferson (politician)">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cao" title="Joseph Cao">Cao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedric_Richmond" title="Cedric Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Carter_(politician)" title="Troy Carter (politician)">Carter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana03 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 3rd congressional district">3rd district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Brent" title="William L. Brent">Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Hampden_Overton" title="Walter Hampden Overton">Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Bullard" title="Henry A. Bullard">Bullard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_Garland" title="Rice Garland">Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John Moore (Louisiana politician)">J. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bennett_Dawson" title="John Bennett Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Harmanson" title="John H. Harmanson">Harmanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_G._Penn" title="Alexander G. Penn">Penn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Perkins_Jr." title="John Perkins Jr.">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_G._Davidson" title="Thomas G. Davidson">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Newsham" title="Joseph P. Newsham">Newsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Bidwell_Darrall" title="Chester Bidwell Darrall">Darrall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Acklen" title="Joseph H. Acklen">Acklen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Bidwell_Darrall" title="Chester Bidwell Darrall">Darrall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_Kellogg" title="William Pitt Kellogg">Kellogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Gay_(politician,_born_1816)" title="Edward J. Gay (politician, born 1816)">Gay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Price_(politician)" title="Andrew Price (politician)">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Broussard" title="Robert F. Broussard">Broussard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitmell_P._Martin" title="Whitmell P. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numa_F._Montet" title="Numa F. Montet">Montet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Mouton" title="Robert L. Mouton">Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Domengeaux" title="James R. Domengeaux">Domengeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_E._Willis" title="Edwin E. Willis">Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_T._Caffery" title="Patrick T. Caffery">Caffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Treen" title="Dave Treen">Treen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">Tauzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Melan%C3%A7on" title="Charlie Melançon">Melançon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Landry" title="Jeff Landry">J. M. Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boustany" title="Charles Boustany">Boustany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">Higgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana04 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 4th congressional district">4th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bossier" title="Pierre Bossier">Bossier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_E._Morse" title="Isaac E. Morse">Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John Moore (Louisiana politician)">J. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Jones" title="Roland Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Sandidge" title="John M. Sandidge">Sandidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Landrum" title="John M. Landrum">Landrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Vidal" title="Michel Vidal">Vidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Newsham" title="Joseph P. Newsham">Newsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McCleery" title="James McCleery">McCleery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Boarman" title="Alexander Boarman">Boarman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Luke_Smith" title="George Luke Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Levy" title="William M. Levy">Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barton_Elam" title="Joseph Barton Elam">Elam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_C._Blanchard" title="Newton C. Blanchard">Blanchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Warren_Ogden" title="Henry Warren Ogden">Ogden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanor_Breazeale" title="Phanor Breazeale">Breazeale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Watkins" title="John T. Watkins">Watkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._Sandlin" title="John N. Sandlin">Sandlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overton_Brooks" title="Overton Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Waggonner" title="Joe Waggonner">Waggonner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Leach" title="Buddy Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">McCrery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleo_Fields" title="Cleo Fields">Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">McCrery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fleming_(American_politician)" title="John Fleming (American politician)">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">M. Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana05 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 5th congressional district">5th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._Jasper_Blackburn" title="W. Jasper Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Morey" title="Frank Morey">Morey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Spencer" title="William B. Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Leonard" title="John E. Leonard">Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Smith_Young" title="J. Smith Young">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Floyd_King" title="J. Floyd King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherubusco_Newton" title="Cherubusco Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_J._Boatner" title="Charles J. Boatner">Boatner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_T._Baird" title="Samuel T. Baird">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Ransdell" title="Joseph E. Ransdell">Ransdell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Walter_Elder" title="James Walter Elder">Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riley_J._Wilson" title="Riley J. Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_V._Mills" title="Newt V. Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._McKenzie" title="Charles E. McKenzie">McKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Passman" title="Otto Passman">Passman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Huckaby" title="Jerry Huckaby">Huckaby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery">McCrery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cooksey" title="John Cooksey">Cooksey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Alexander" title="Rodney Alexander">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_McAllister" title="Vance McAllister">McAllister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Abraham_(politician)" title="Ralph Abraham (politician)">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Letlow" title="Julia Letlow">Letlow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana06 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 6th congressional district">6th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Nash" title="Charles E. Nash">Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_White_Robertson" title="Edward White Robertson">E. Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_T._Lewis_(politician)" title="Edward T. Lewis (politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Briggs_Irion" title="Alfred Briggs Irion">Irion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_White_Robertson" title="Edward White Robertson">E. Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_M._Robertson" title="Samuel M. Robertson">S. Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_K._Favrot" title="George K. Favrot">Favrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Charles_Wickliffe" title="Robert Charles Wickliffe">Wickliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_L._Morgan" title="Lewis L. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Sr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Sr.">Sanders Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_K._Favrot" title="George K. Favrot">Favrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivar_E._Kemp" title="Bolivar E. Kemp">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Jr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Jr.">Sanders Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Griffith" title="John K. Griffith">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Y._Sanders_Jr." title="Jared Y. Sanders Jr.">Sanders Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Morrison" title="James H. Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rarick" title="John Rarick">Rarick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henson_Moore" title="Henson Moore">H. Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Baker_(American_politician)" title="Richard Baker (American politician)">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Cazayoux" title="Don Cazayoux">Cazayoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Cassidy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garret_Graves" title="Garret Graves">Graves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana07 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 7th congressional district">7th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ars%C3%A8ne_Pujo" title="Arsène Pujo">Pujo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladislas_Lazaro" title="Ladislas Lazaro">Lazaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L._De_Rouen" title="René L. De Rouen">De Rouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_Plauch%C3%A9" title="Vance Plauché">Plauché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Larcade_Jr." title="Henry D. Larcade Jr.">Larcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Ashton_Thompson" title="T. Ashton Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">Breaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Hayes" title="Jimmy Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_John_(politician)" title="Chris John (politician)">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boustany" title="Charles Boustany">Boustany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Louisiana08 !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's 8th congressional district">8th district</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Benjamin_Aswell" title="James Benjamin Aswell">Aswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Overton" title="John H. Overton">Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Dear" title="Cleveland Dear">Dear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Leonard_Allen" title="A. Leonard Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Long" title="George S. Long">G. S. "Doc" Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_B._McSween" title="Harold B. McSween">McSween</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">G. W. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedy_Long" title="Speedy Long">S. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">G. W. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Small_Long" title="Catherine Small Long">C. Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clyde_C._Holloway" title="Clyde C. Holloway">Holloway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="LouisianaAL !"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Louisiana's at-large congressional district">At-large</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Robertson" title="Thomas B. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Butler_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Thomas Butler (Louisiana politician)">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_S._Johnston" title="Josiah S. Johnston">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Sheridan" title="George A. Sheridan">Sheridan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="Orleans TerritoryAL !"><a href="/wiki/Orleans_Territory%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Orleans Territory's at-large congressional district">Territory</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Clark_(Louisiana_politician)" title="Daniel Clark (Louisiana politician)">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julien_de_Lallande_Poydras" title="Julien de Lallande Poydras">Poydras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Template:Reform Party of the United States of America"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Template talk:Reform Party of the United States of America"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reform Party of the United States of America"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party of the United States of America</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential tickets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Perot</a>/<a href="/wiki/Pat_Choate" title="Pat Choate">Choate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ezola_Foster" title="Ezola Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Nader</a>/<a href="/wiki/Peter_Camejo" title="Peter Camejo">Camejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ted_Weill" title="Ted Weill">Weill</a>/McEnulty</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Barnett" title="Andre Barnett">Barnett</a>/Cross</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_De_La_Fuente" title="Rocky De La Fuente">De La Fuente</a>/<a href="/wiki/Michael_Steinberg_(lawyer)" title="Michael Steinberg (lawyer)">Steinberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a>: De La Fuente/Richardson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr." title="Robert F. Kennedy Jr.">Kennedy</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nicole_Shanahan" title="Nicole Shanahan">Shanahan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primaries or convention</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Reform Party presidential primaries">1996 primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Reform Party presidential primaries">2000 primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Reform Party presidential primaries">2004 primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Reform Party presidential primaries">2008 primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Reform Party presidential primaries">2012 primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Reform Party presidential primaries">2016 primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Reform Party presidential primaries">2020 primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Reform_National_Convention" title="2024 Reform National Convention">2024 convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other notable<br />individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Verney" title="Russ Verney">Russ Verney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Ventura" title="Jesse Ventura">Jesse Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Schunk" title="Mae Schunk">Mae Schunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lamm" title="Richard Lamm">Richard Lamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Zschau" title="Ed Zschau">Ed Zschau</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Buddy Roemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2000 presidential campaign">Donald Trump</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America#Active_state_affiliates" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Parties</a> by <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform Party of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform Party of New York">New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_third-party_and_independent_performances_in_United_States_elections" title="List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections">List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_2008)_2012_United_States_presidential_election_(2016_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:2012 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:2012 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2012 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_2008)_2012_United_States_presidential_election_(2016_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">← 2008</a>) <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fundraising_for_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Fundraising for the 2012 United States presidential election">Fundraising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2012 United States presidential election">National polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2012 United States presidential election">Statewide polls</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pre-2012_statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Pre-2012 statewide opinion polling for the 2012 United States presidential election">pre-2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/Early/Mid_2012_statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Early/Mid 2012 statewide opinion polling for the 2012 United States presidential election">early 2012</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Timeline of the 2012 United States presidential election">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2012 United States presidential debates">General election debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newspaper_endorsements_in_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Newspaper endorsements in the 2012 United States presidential election">Newspaper endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_impact_of_Hurricane_Sandy" title="Political impact of Hurricane Sandy">Hurricane Sandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;">Democratic Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2012 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_2012_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Results of the 2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Results</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_Party_presidential_candidates" title="2012 Democratic Party presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Incumbent nominee: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Barack_Obama_2012_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Barack_Obama" title="Political positions of Barack Obama">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Joe_Biden" title="Political positions of Joe Biden">positions</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt>Challengers</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bob_Ely" title="Bob Ely">Bob Ely</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Keith_Judd" title="Keith Judd">Keith Judd</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Warren_Mosler" title="Warren Mosler">Warren Mosler</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vermin_Supreme" title="Vermin Supreme">Vermin Supreme</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Randall_Terry" title="Randall Terry">Randall Terry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Wolfe_Jr." title="John Wolfe Jr.">John Wolfe</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;">Republican Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_National_Convention" title="2012 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2012 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Statewide opinion polling for the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">Statewide polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">National polls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straw_polls_for_the_2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Straw polls for the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">Straw polls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_candidates" title="2012 Republican Party presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Mitt Romney 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mitt_Romney_2012_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Mitt Romney 2012 presidential campaign endorsements">endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Mitt_Romney" title="Political positions of Mitt Romney">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Paul_Ryan" title="Political positions of Paul Ryan">positions</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Michele_Bachmann" title="Michele Bachmann">Michele Bachmann</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Michele_Bachmann_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Michele Bachmann 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Herman_Cain" title="Herman Cain">Herman Cain</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Herman_Cain_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Herman Cain 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Herman_Cain" title="Political positions of Herman Cain">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mark_Callahan" title="Mark Callahan">Mark Callahan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jack_Fellure" title="Jack Fellure">Jack Fellure</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Newt Gingrich 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Newt_Gingrich" title="Political positions of Newt Gingrich">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Greenleaf" title="Stewart Greenleaf">Stewart Greenleaf</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_Jr._(2012_presidential_candidate)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Davis Jr. (2012 presidential candidate)">John Davis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jon_Huntsman_Jr." title="Jon Huntsman Jr.">Jon Huntsman</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Jon_Huntsman_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Jon Huntsman 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson" title="Gary Johnson">Gary Johnson</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Gary Johnson 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fred_Karger" title="Fred Karger">Fred Karger</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Andy_Martin" title="Andy Martin">Andy Martin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_McCotter" title="Thaddeus McCotter">Thaddeus McCotter</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_McCotter_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Thaddeus McCotter 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_McMillan" title="Jimmy McMillan">Jimmy McMillan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Roy_Moore" title="Roy Moore">Roy Moore</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Ron Paul 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Ron_Paul" title="Political positions of Ron Paul">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pawlenty" title="Tim Pawlenty">Tim Pawlenty</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pawlenty_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Tim Pawlenty 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Perry" title="Rick Perry">Rick Perry</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Perry_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Rick Perry 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Rick_Perry" title="Political positions of Rick Perry">positions</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Buddy Roemer</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Buddy Roemer 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Rick Santorum</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Rick Santorum 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;">Libertarian Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Libertarian_National_Convention" title="2012 Libertarian National Convention">Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson" title="Gary Johnson">Gary Johnson</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Johnson_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Gary Johnson 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Gray_(jurist)" title="Jim Gray (jurist)">Jim Gray</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other candidates</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Carl_Person" title="Carl Person">Carl Person</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sam_Sloan" title="Sam Sloan">Sam Sloan</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #17aa5c;">Green Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Green_National_Convention" title="2012 Green National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Green_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Green Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jill_Stein" title="Jill Stein">Jill Stein</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Stein_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Jill Stein 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Cheri_Honkala" title="Cheri Honkala">Cheri Honkala</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Alexander" title="Stewart Alexander">Stewart Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseanne_Barr" title="Roseanne Barr">Roseanne Barr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_third-party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other <a href="/wiki/Third-party_and_independent_candidates_for_the_2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="Third-party and independent candidates for the 2012 United States presidential election">third-party and independent candidates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #800080;"><a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hoefling" title="Tom Hoefling">Tom Hoefling</a></b></li> <li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Wiley_Drake" title="Wiley Drake">Wiley Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode" title="Virgil Goode">Virgil Goode</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Virgil Goode 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Noonan" title="Edward C. Noonan">Edward C. Noonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Roth" title="Laurie Roth">Laurie Roth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;"><a href="/wiki/American_Freedom_Party" title="American Freedom Party">American Third Position Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Merlin_Miller" title="Merlin Miller">Merlin Miller</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Abernethy" title="Virginia Abernethy">Virginia Abernethy</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A356DE;"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Constitution_Party_National_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Constitution Party National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode" title="Virgil Goode">Virgil Goode</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Goode_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Virgil Goode 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: Jim Clymer</b></li> <li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Laurie_Roth" title="Laurie Roth">Laurie Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robby_Wells" title="Robby Wells">Robby Wells</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 red;"><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Socialist_Party" title="Freedom Socialist Party">Freedom Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: Stephen Durham</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #50C878;"><a href="/wiki/Grassroots%E2%80%93Legalize_Cannabis_Party" title="Grassroots–Legalize Cannabis Party">Grassroots Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Jim_Carlson_(businessman)" title="Jim Carlson (businessman)">Jim Carlson</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #ADD8E6;"><a href="/wiki/Justice_Party_(United_States)" title="Justice Party (United States)">Justice Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Anderson" title="Rocky Anderson">Rocky Anderson</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Luis_J._Rodriguez" title="Luis J. Rodriguez">Luis J. Rodriguez</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 red;"><a href="/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation" title="Party for Socialism and Liberation">Socialism and Liberation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Peta_Lindsay" title="Peta Lindsay">Peta Lindsay</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #00FF00;"><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Freedom_Party" title="Peace and Freedom Party">Peace and Freedom Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Roseanne_Barr" title="Roseanne Barr">Roseanne Barr</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Cindy_Sheehan" title="Cindy Sheehan">Cindy Sheehan</a></b></li> <li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Alexander" title="Stewart Alexander">Stewart Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Anderson" title="Rocky Anderson">Rocky Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peta_Lindsay" title="Peta Lindsay">Peta Lindsay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Fellure" title="Jack Fellure">Jack Fellure</a></b></li> <li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/James_Hedges" title="James Hedges">James Hedges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #6A287E;"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Barnett" title="Andre Barnett">Andre Barnett</a></b></li> <li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Kotlikoff" title="Laurence Kotlikoff">Laurence Kotlikoff</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Buddy Roemer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Roemer_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Buddy Roemer 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robby_Wells" title="Robby Wells">Robby Wells</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #D30101;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Equality_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Equality Party (United States)">Socialist Equality Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Jerry_White_(socialist)" title="Jerry White (socialist)">Jerry White</a></b></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/James_Harris_(Socialist_Workers_Party_politician)" title="James Harris (Socialist Workers Party politician)">James Harris</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Stewart_Alexander" title="Stewart Alexander">Stewart Alexander</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Alexander_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Stewart Alexander 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Mendoza" title="Alejandro Mendoza">Alejandro Mendoza</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents and others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Objectivist Party</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tom_Stevens_(Objectivist_Party_politician)" title="Tom Stevens (Objectivist Party politician)">Tom Stevens</a></dd> <dt>Independents</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lee_Abramson" title="Lee Abramson">Lee Abramson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Randy_Blythe" title="Randy Blythe">Randy Blythe</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Boss" title="Jeff Boss">Jeff Boss</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Naked_Cowboy" title="Naked Cowboy">Robert Burck</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Terry_Jones_(pastor)" title="Terry Jones (pastor)">Terry Jones</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Joe_Schriner" title="Joe Schriner">Joe Schriner</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg">Michael Bloomberg</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Draft_Bloomberg_movement" title="Draft Bloomberg movement">attempt to draft</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_elections" title="2012 United States elections">Other 2012 elections</a>:</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2012 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2012 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="2012 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Political_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame">Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1990s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Boggs" title="Hale Boggs">Hale Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._C._Claiborne" title="William C. C. Claiborne">William C. C. Claiborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Davis" title="Jimmie Davis">Jimmie Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pap_Dean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pap Dean (page does not exist)">Pap Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Edwards" title="Edwin Edwards">Edwin Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_LeBlanc" class="mw-redirect" title="Dudley LeBlanc">Dudley LeBlanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Long" title="Earl Long">Earl Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_Long" title="Huey Long">Huey Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_B._Long" title="Russell B. Long">Russell B. Long</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A._Leonard_Allen" title="A. Leonard Allen">A. Leonard Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindy_Boggs" title="Lindy Boggs">Lindy Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Bussie" title="Victor Bussie">Victor Bussie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_J._Ellender" title="Allen J. Ellender">Allen J. Ellender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">Gillis William Long</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camille_Gravel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Camille Gravel (page does not exist)">Camille Gravel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sam_Hanna_Sr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sam Hanna Sr. (page does not exist)">Sam Hanna Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeLesseps_Story_Morrison" title="DeLesseps Story Morrison">deLesseps Story Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Douglass_White" title="Edward Douglass White">Edward Douglass White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Berry" title="Louis Berry">Louis Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Carville" title="James Carville">James Carville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Evelyn_Parker" title="Mary Evelyn Parker">Mary Evelyn Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leander_Perez" title="Leander Perez">Leander Perez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Weill" title="Gus Weill">Gus Weill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1997</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_K._Allen" title="Oscar K. Allen">Oscar K. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy_J._Foster" title="Murphy J. Foster">Murphy J. Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Bennett_Johnston" title="J. Bennett Johnston">J. Bennett Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melinda_Schwegmann" title="Melinda Schwegmann">Melinda Schwegmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Treen" title="Dave Treen">David C. Treen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speedy_Long" title="Speedy Long">Speedy Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Overton" title="John H. Overton">John H. Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Waggonner" title="Joe Waggonner">Joe Waggonner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Harry_Williams" title="T. Harry Williams">T. Harry Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Doucet" title="Cat Doucet">Cat Doucet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Fitzmorris" title="Jimmy Fitzmorris">Jimmy Fitzmorris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Douglas_Fowler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Douglas Fowler (page does not exist)">Douglas Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Kelso" title="Iris Kelso">Iris Kelso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ed_Renwick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ed Renwick (page does not exist)">Ed Renwick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2000s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Caffery" title="Jefferson Caffery">Jefferson Caffery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Jefferson" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Jefferson">William J. Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeannette_Knoll" title="Jeannette Knoll">Jeannette Knoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_D._Long" title="Jimmy D. Long">Jimmy D. Long</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Buddy Roemer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiley_W._Hilburn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wiley W. Hilburn (page does not exist)">Wiley W. Hilburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennon" title="Robert F. Kennon">Robert F. Kennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Lee_(sheriff)" title="Harry Lee (sheriff)">Harry Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_McSween" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold McSween">Harold McSween</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wade_O._Martin_Jr." title="Wade O. Martin Jr.">Wade O. Martin Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_H._Schiro" title="Victor H. Schiro">Victor H. Schiro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2002</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesse_Bankston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesse Bankston (page does not exist)">Jesse Bankston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenny_Bowen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenny Bowen (page does not exist)">Kenny Bowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Bozeman" title="Harley Bozeman">Harley Bozeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burl_Cain" title="Burl Cain">Nathan Burl Cain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Dodd" title="Bill Dodd">Bill Dodd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Grevemberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Grevemberg (page does not exist)">Francis Grevemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hainkel" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hainkel">John Hainkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henson_Moore" title="Henson Moore">Henson Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joe_Sampite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joe Sampite (page does not exist)">Joe Sampite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Walker_(politician)" title="Lillian Walker (politician)">Lillian Walker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2003</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Alario" title="John Alario">John Alario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">John Breaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Chevalier" title="Jay Chevalier">Jay Chevalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Connick_Sr." title="Harry Connick Sr.">Harry Connick Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Foster_(American_politician)" title="Mike Foster (American politician)">Mike Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Huntoon" title="Carolyn Huntoon">Carolyn Huntoon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Laborde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond Laborde (page does not exist)">Raymond Laborde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">Bob Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Stalder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Stalder (page does not exist)">Richard Stalder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">Billy Tauzin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2004</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Boles_(politician)" title="Billy Boles (politician)">Billy Boles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._DeWitt_Jr." title="Charles W. DeWitt Jr.">Charles W. DeWitt Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_A._Guglielmo" title="Dudley A. Guglielmo">Dudley A. Guglielmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Landrieu" title="Moon Landrieu">Moon Landrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_G._%22Sonny%22_Mouton_Jr." title="Edgar G. "Sonny" Mouton Jr.">Edgar G. "Sonny" Mouton Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Lindsey_Holland_Rhodes" title="Doris Lindsey Holland Rhodes">Doris Lindsey Holland Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Shehee" title="Virginia Shehee">Virginia Shehee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Wardlaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jack Wardlaw (page does not exist)">Jack Wardlaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2005</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Bates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert W. Bates (page does not exist)">Robert W. Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Roberto_Flores" title="Carlos Roberto Flores">Carlos Roberto Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Flake_Flores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Flake Flores (page does not exist)">Mary Flake Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Jordan_(attorney)" title="Eddie Jordan (attorney)">Eddie J. Jordan Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtis_Joubert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtis Joubert (page does not exist)">Curtis Joubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Boggs_Sigmund" title="Barbara Boggs Sigmund">Barbara Boggs Sigmund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_C._Thompson" title="Francis C. Thompson">Francis C. Thompson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2006</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Babineaux_Blanco" class="mw-redirect" title="Kathleen Babineaux Blanco">Kathleen Babineaux Blanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Cook" title="Charlie Cook">Charlie Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvan_Friedman" title="Sylvan Friedman">Sylvan Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_E._Hines" title="Donald E. Hines">Donald E. Hines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Fox_McKeithen" title="W. Fox McKeithen">W. Fox McKeithen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cecil_J._Picard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cecil J. Picard (page does not exist)">Cecil J. Picard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vic_Stelly" title="Vic Stelly">Vic Stelly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2007</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Bajoie" title="Diana Bajoie">Diana E. Bajoie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Clausen" title="Sally Clausen">Sally Clausen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_deGravelles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles deGravelles (page does not exist)">Charles deGravelles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_deGravelles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia deGravelles (page does not exist)">Virginia deGravelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunt_Downer" title="Hunt Downer">Hunt Downer</a></li> <li>Theodore "Ted" Jones</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Mary Landrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_O%27Keefe" title="Sean O'Keefe">Sean O'Keefe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2008</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Baker_(American_politician)" title="Richard Baker (American politician)">Richard Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Louis_Freeman_Sr." title="Robert Louis Freeman Sr.">Bobby Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kip_Holden" title="Kip Holden">Melvin "Kip" Holden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Joseph" title="James A. Joseph">James A. Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_G._Kelly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald G. Kelly (page does not exist)">Donald G. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_LaPlante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John LaPlante (page does not exist)">John LaPlante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Odom" title="Bob Odom">Bob Odom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Randolph" title="Ned Randolph">Ned Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_R._Salter" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe R. Salter">Joe R. Salter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Ater" title="Al Ater">Al Ater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_Campbell" title="Foster Campbell">Foster Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_John_(politician)" title="Chris John (politician)">Chris John</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Lee_(Louisiana_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Lee (Louisiana politician) (page does not exist)">Walter Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessel_Ourso" title="Jessel Ourso">Jessel Ourso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_F._Taylor" title="Patrick F. Taylor">Patrick F. Taylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010s" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010s</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Alexander" title="Rodney Alexander">Rodney Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Randy_Ewing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Randy Ewing (page does not exist)">Randy Ewing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charlton_Lyons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charlton Lyons (page does not exist)">Charlton Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_B._Nunez_Jr." title="Samuel B. Nunez Jr.">Samuel B. Nunez Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Nungesser_Sr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Nungesser Sr. (page does not exist)">William Nungesser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Risley_C._Triche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Risley C. Triche (page does not exist)">Risley C. Triche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Brown_(politician)" title="James H. Brown (politician)">James H. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_May_Grace" title="Lucille May Grace">Lucille May Grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_D._Kimball" title="Catherine D. Kimball">Catherine D. Kimball</a></li> <li>J. Kelly Nix</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Perlman" title="Ralph Perlman">Ralph Perlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Smith_(Louisiana_lobbyist)" title="Charlie Smith (Louisiana lobbyist)">Charlie Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_Baden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fred Baden (page does not exist)">Fred Baden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Edward_H%C3%A9bert" class="mw-redirect" title="Felix Edward Hébert">Felix Edward Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._L._Henry" title="E. L. Henry">E. L. Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Huckaby" title="Jerry Huckaby">Jerry Huckaby</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adras_LaBorde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adras LaBorde (page does not exist)">Adras LaBorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Montgomery" title="Billy Montgomery">Billy Montgomery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Barham" title="Charles C. Barham">Charles C. Barham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_J._Chabert" title="Leonard J. Chabert">Leonard J. Chabert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_J._Chabert" title="Marty J. Chabert">Marty J. Chabert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norby_Chabert" title="Norby Chabert">Norby Chabert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dement" title="George Dement">George Dement</a></li> <li>Leonard R. "Pop" Hataway</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelo_Roppolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angelo Roppolo (page does not exist)">Angelo Roppolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Strother" title="Raymond Strother">Raymond Strother</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Marshall_Brown" title="J. Marshall Brown">J. Marshall Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bel_Edwards" title="John Bel Edwards">John Bel Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Fournet" title="John B. Fournet">John B. Fournet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Guidry" title="Dick Guidry">Richard P. "Dick" Guidry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_S._Hunt_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John S. Hunt II (page does not exist)">John S. Hunt II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_McConnell_Long" title="Rose McConnell Long">Rose McConnell Long</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Mann_(Louisiana_historian)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Mann (Louisiana historian) (page does not exist)">Robert "Bob" Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Peltier_Jr." title="Harvey Peltier Jr.">Harvey Peltier Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peppi_Bruneau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peppi Bruneau (page does not exist)">Peppi Bruneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Caldwell" title="Buddy Caldwell">Buddy Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juba_Diez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juba Diez (page does not exist)">Juba Diez</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noble_Ellington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noble Ellington (page does not exist)">Noble Ellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Maginnis_(Louisiana_political_writer)" title="John Maginnis (Louisiana political writer)">John Maginnis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_A._Marvin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles A. Marvin (page does not exist)">Charles A. Marvin</a></li> <li>Scott family: <a href="/wiki/Albin_Provosty" title="Albin Provosty">Albin Provosty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nauman_Scott" title="Nauman Scott">Nauman Scott</a> and Jock Scott</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boysie_Bollinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boysie Bollinger (page does not exist)">Boysie Bollinger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Randy_K._Haynie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Randy K. Haynie (page does not exist)">Randy K. Haynie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ieyoub" title="Richard Ieyoub">Richard Ieyoub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Houston Jones">Sam Houston Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Mamoulides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Mamoulides (page does not exist)">John Mamoulides</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braxton_Moody_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braxton Moody III (page does not exist)">Braxton Moody III</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliste_Saloom_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaliste Saloom Jr. (page does not exist)">Kaliste Saloom Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Jim Beam</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Dimos" title="Jimmy Dimos">Jimmy Dimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._J._Jemison" title="T. J. Jemison">T. J. Jemison</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Mapes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice Mapes (page does not exist)">Maurice Mapes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dave_Norris_(Louisiana_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dave Norris (Louisiana politician) (page does not exist)">Dave Norris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Alexander" title="Avery Alexander">Avery Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Dardenne" title="Jay Dardenne">Jay Dardenne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Dastugue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quentin Dastugue (page does not exist)">Quentin Dastugue</a></li> <li>James Gill</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_D._Lancaster_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles D. Lancaster Jr. (page does not exist)">Charles D. Lancaster Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Blanco" title="Raymond Blanco">Raymond Blanco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marion_Edwards&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marion Edwards (page does not exist)">Marion Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hardy_(politician)" title="Paul Hardy (politician)">Paul Hardy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Gomez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Gomez (page does not exist)">Ron Gomez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Zuschlag" title="Richard Zuschlag">Richard Zuschlag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Louisiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_97th–100th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Louisiana&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_97th–100th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>'s delegation(s) to the 97th–100th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/97th_United_States_Congress" title="97th United States Congress">97th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Russell_B._Long" title="Russell B. Long">R. B. Long</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Bennett_Johnston" title="J. Bennett Johnston">J. B. Johnston</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">J. Breaux</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">G. Long</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lindy_Boggs" title="Lindy Boggs">L. Boggs</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henson_Moore" title="Henson Moore">H. Moore</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Huckaby" title="Jerry Huckaby">J. Huckaby</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">B. Livingston</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">B. Tauzin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Roemer</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/98th_United_States_Congress" title="98th United States Congress">98th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Russell_B._Long" title="Russell B. Long">R. B. Long</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Bennett_Johnston" title="J. Bennett Johnston">J. B. Johnston</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">J. Breaux</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long">G. Long</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lindy_Boggs" title="Lindy Boggs">L. Boggs</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henson_Moore" title="Henson Moore">H. Moore</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Huckaby" title="Jerry Huckaby">J. Huckaby</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">B. Livingston</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">B. Tauzin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Roemer</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/99th_United_States_Congress" title="99th United States Congress">99th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Russell_B._Long" title="Russell B. Long">R. B. Long</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Bennett_Johnston" title="J. Bennett Johnston">J. B. Johnston</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">J. Breaux</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gillis_William_Long" title="Gillis William Long"><i>G. Long</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lindy_Boggs" title="Lindy Boggs">L. Boggs</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henson_Moore" title="Henson Moore">H. Moore</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Huckaby" title="Jerry Huckaby">J. Huckaby</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">B. Livingston</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">B. Tauzin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Roemer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Small_Long" title="Catherine Small Long"><i>C. Long</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/100th_United_States_Congress" title="100th United States Congress">100th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Bennett_Johnston" title="J. Bennett Johnston">J. B. Johnston</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">J. Breaux</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States representatives from Louisiana">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lindy_Boggs" title="Lindy Boggs">L. Boggs</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Huckaby" title="Jerry Huckaby">J. Huckaby</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Livingston" title="Bob Livingston">B. Livingston</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Billy_Tauzin" title="Billy Tauzin">B. Tauzin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>B. Roemer</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Baker_(American_politician)" title="Richard Baker (American politician)">R. Baker</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Hayes" title="Jimmy Hayes">J. Hayes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Clyde_C._Holloway" title="Clyde C. Holloway">C. Holloway</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_McCrery" title="Jim McCrery"><i>J. 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