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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Version history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Requirements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supported_platforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supported_platforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Supported platforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supported_platforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_with_other_Linux_distributions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_with_other_Linux_distributions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Comparison with other Linux distributions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_with_other_Linux_distributions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kali_Purple" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kali_Purple"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kali Purple</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kali_Purple-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kali Linux</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3" title="كالي لينكس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كالي لينكس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="কালি লিনাক্স – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কালি লিনাক্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="کالی لینوکس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کالی لینوکس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A6%AC%EB%88%85%EC%8A%A4" title="칼리 리눅스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="칼리 리눅스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="काली लिनक्स – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="काली लिनक्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99_(%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A1)" title="קאלי (לינוקס) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קאלי (לינוקס)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="കാലി ലിനക്സ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാലി ലിനക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="کالی لینکس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کالی لینکس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%86%DA%AA%D8%B3" title="ڪالي لنڪس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪالي لنڪس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="کالی لینکس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کالی لینکس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Kali Linux" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8364850#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Linux distribution</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Kali Linux</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kali_Linux_2.0_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Kali_Linux_2.0_wordmark.svg/250px-Kali_Linux_2.0_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Kali_Linux_2.0_wordmark.svg/375px-Kali_Linux_2.0_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Kali_Linux_2.0_wordmark.svg/500px-Kali_Linux_2.0_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="131" data-file-height="77" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VirtualBox_Kali_Linux_29_03_2022_11_10_35.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/VirtualBox_Kali_Linux_29_03_2022_11_10_35.png/275px-VirtualBox_Kali_Linux_29_03_2022_11_10_35.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/VirtualBox_Kali_Linux_29_03_2022_11_10_35.png/413px-VirtualBox_Kali_Linux_29_03_2022_11_10_35.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/VirtualBox_Kali_Linux_29_03_2022_11_10_35.png/550px-VirtualBox_Kali_Linux_29_03_2022_11_10_35.png 2x" data-file-width="1680" data-file-height="945" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Offensive_Security" title="Offensive Security">Offensive Security</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open-source</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">March 13, 2013<span class="noprint"> (11 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2013-03-13</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-releases_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-releases-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2024.4<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-861e6a95381820ef126fa691f25a6a5832691351-v18_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-861e6a95381820ef126fa691f25a6a5832691351-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8364850?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 16 December 2024<span class="noprint">; 59 days ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">16 December 2024</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pkg.kali.org/">pkg<wbr />.kali<wbr />.org</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8364850#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Update method</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rolling_release" title="Rolling release">Rolling release</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">Package manager</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/APT_(software)" title="APT (software)">APT</a> (several front-ends available)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a>, <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a>, <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">armel, armhf</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">Default<br />user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xfce" title="Xfce">Xfce</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-softpedia_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-softpedia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-softpedia_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-softpedia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/KDE" title="KDE">KDE</a><sup id="cite_ref-softpedia_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-softpedia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License#Version_3GPLv3" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License v3.0</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/">www<wbr />.kali<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Active</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kali Linux</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distribution</a> designed for <a href="/wiki/Digital_forensics" title="Digital forensics">digital forensics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Penetration_test" title="Penetration test">penetration testing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is maintained and funded by <a href="/wiki/Offensive_Security" title="Offensive Security">Offensive Security</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The software is based on the <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a> <i>Testing</i> branch: most packages Kali uses are imported from the Debian <a href="/wiki/Software_repository" title="Software repository">repositories</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tagline of Kali Linux and <a href="/wiki/BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a> is "The quieter you become, the more you are able to hear", which is displayed on some backgrounds, see <a href="/wiki/File:Kali_Linux_Desktop.png" title="File:Kali Linux Desktop.png">this example</a>. </p><p>Kali Linux has approximately 600<sup id="cite_ref-tools_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tools-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> penetration-testing programs (tools), including <a href="/wiki/Armitage_(computing)" title="Armitage (computing)">Armitage</a> (a graphical cyber attack management tool), <a href="/wiki/Nmap" title="Nmap">Nmap</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Port_scanner" title="Port scanner">port scanner</a>), <a href="/wiki/Wireshark" title="Wireshark">Wireshark</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Packet_analyzer" title="Packet analyzer">packet analyzer</a>), <a href="/wiki/Metasploit" title="Metasploit">metasploit</a> (penetration testing framework), <a href="/wiki/John_the_Ripper" title="John the Ripper">John the Ripper</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Password_cracker" class="mw-redirect" title="Password cracker">password cracker</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sqlmap" title="Sqlmap">sqlmap</a> (automatic <a href="/wiki/SQL_injection" title="SQL injection">SQL injection</a> and <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">database</a> takeover tool), <a href="/wiki/Aircrack-ng" title="Aircrack-ng">Aircrack-ng</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Software_suite" title="Software suite">software suite</a> for penetration-testing <a href="/wiki/Wireless_LAN" title="Wireless LAN">wireless LANs</a>), Burp suite and <a href="/wiki/ZAP_(software)" title="ZAP (software)">OWASP ZAP</a> <a href="/wiki/Web_application_security_scanner" class="mw-redirect" title="Web application security scanner">web application security scanners</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> etc.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was developed by Mati Aharoni and Devon Kearns of Offensive Security through the rewrite of <a href="/wiki/BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a>, their previous information security testing Linux distribution based on <a href="/wiki/Knoppix" title="Knoppix">Knoppix</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Kali Linux's popularity grew when it was featured in multiple episodes of the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Robot" title="Mr. Robot">Mr. Robot</a></i>. Tools highlighted in the show and provided by Kali Linux include Bluesniff, <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a> Scanner (btscanner), John the Ripper, Metasploit Framework, Nmap, <a href="/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)" title="Shellshock (software bug)">Shellshock</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wget" title="Wget">Wget</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kali Linux has a dedicated project set aside for compatibility and porting to specific Android devices, called <a href="/wiki/Kali_NetHunter" title="Kali NetHunter">Kali NetHunter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nethunter_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nethunter-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is the first open source Android penetration testing platform for Nexus devices, created as a joint effort between the Kali community member "BinkyBear" and Offensive Security. It supports Wireless 802.11 frame injection, one-click MANA Evil Access Point setups, HID keyboard (Teensy like attacks), as well as Bad USB MITM attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-nethunter_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nethunter-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a> (Kali's predecessor) contained a mode known as forensic mode, which was carried over to Kali via live boot. This mode is very popular for many reasons, partly because many Kali users already have a bootable Kali USB drive or CD, and this option makes it easy to apply Kali to a forensic job. When booted in forensic mode, the system doesn't touch the internal hard drive or swap space and auto mounting is disabled. However, the developers recommend that users test these features extensively before using Kali for real world forensics.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Version_history">Version history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Version history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first version, 1.0.0 "moto", was released in March 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-releases_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-releases-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With version 2019.4 in November 2019, the default user interface was switched from <a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> to <a href="/wiki/Xfce" title="Xfce">Xfce</a>, with a GNOME version still available.<sup id="cite_ref-softpedia_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-softpedia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With version 2020.3 in August 2020, the default <a href="/wiki/Linux_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux shell">shell</a> was switched from <a href="/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)" title="Bash (Unix shell)">Bash</a> to <a href="/wiki/Zsh" class="mw-redirect" title="Zsh">ZSH</a>, with Bash remaining as an option.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With version 2024.4 in December 2024, version 6.11 of the Linux kernel is introduced, official support for 32-bit images is dropped, and <a href="/wiki/Digital_Signature_Algorithm" title="Digital Signature Algorithm">DSA</a> keys are deprecated for OpenSSH.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Requirements">Requirements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Requirements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kali Linux requires:<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>A minimum of 20GB hard disk space for installation, depending on the version. Version 2020.2 requires at least 20GB.</li> <li>A minimum of 2GB RAM for i386 and AMD64 architectures.</li> <li>A CD-DVD drive, USB stick or other bootable media.</li> <li>A minimum of an <a href="/wiki/Intel_Core_i3" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Core i3">Intel Core i3</a> or an <a href="/wiki/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics#Brazos_2.0:_"Ontario",_"Zacate"_(2012)" title="List of AMD processors with 3D graphics">AMD E1</a> processor for good performance.</li></ul> <p>The recommended hardware specification for a smooth experience are: </p> <ul><li>50 GB of hard disk space, <a href="/wiki/Solid-state_drive" title="Solid-state drive">SSD</a> preferred.</li> <li>At least 2GB of <a href="/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory">RAM</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supported_platforms">Supported platforms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Supported platforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kali Linux is currently distributed as a <a href="/wiki/64-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="64-bit">64-bit</a> images for use on hosts based on the <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64 architecture</a> and as an image for the <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARM architecture</a> for use on the <a href="/wiki/Beagle_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Beagle Board">Beagle Board</a> computer and Samsung's ARM <a href="/wiki/Chromebook" title="Chromebook">Chromebook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the release of 2024.4, <a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a> images based on the <a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">i386 architecture</a> were officially dropped.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The developers of Kali Linux aim to make Kali Linux available for more ARM devices.<sup id="cite_ref-Interview_with_Mati_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Interview_with_Mati-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kali Linux is already available for Asus Chromebook Flip C100P, <a href="/wiki/BeagleBone_Black" class="mw-redirect" title="BeagleBone Black">BeagleBone Black</a>, HP <a href="/wiki/Chromebook" title="Chromebook">Chromebook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cubieboard" title="Cubieboard">CubieBoard</a> 2, <a href="/wiki/CuBox" title="CuBox">CuBox</a>, <a href="/wiki/CuBox" title="CuBox">CuBox</a>-i, <a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi" title="Raspberry Pi">Raspberry Pi</a>, EfikaMX, Odroid U2, <a href="/wiki/ODROID" title="ODROID">Odroid</a> XU, Odroid XU3, <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Chromebook" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Chromebook">Samsung Chromebook</a>, Utilite Pro, <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Note_10.1" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy Note 10.1">Galaxy Note 10.1</a>, and SS808.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Kali_NetHunter" title="Kali NetHunter">Kali NetHunter</a>, Kali Linux is also officially available on Android devices such as the Nexus 5, Nexus 6, Nexus 7, Nexus 9, Nexus 10, OnePlus One, and some Samsung Galaxy models. It has also been made available for more Android devices through unofficial community builds. </p><p>Kali Linux is available on <a href="/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a>, on top of <a href="/wiki/Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux" title="Windows Subsystem for Linux">Windows Subsystem for Linux</a> (WSL). The official Kali distribution for Windows can be downloaded from the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store_(digital)" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Store (digital)">Microsoft Store</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_with_other_Linux_distributions">Comparison with other Linux distributions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Comparison with other Linux distributions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kali Linux is developed with a focus towards cyber security experts, penetration testers, and white-hat hackers. There are a few other distributions dedicated to penetration testing, such as <a href="/wiki/Parrot_OS" title="Parrot OS">Parrot OS</a>, <a href="/wiki/BlackArch" title="BlackArch">BlackArch</a>, and Wifislax. Kali Linux has stood out against these other distributions for cyber security and penetration testing,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as having features such as the default user being the <a href="/wiki/Superuser" title="Superuser">superuser</a> in the Kali Live Environment.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tools">Tools</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kali Linux includes security tools, such as:<sup id="cite_ref-tools_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tools-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 13em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircrack-ng" title="Aircrack-ng">Aircrack-ng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autopsy_(software)" title="Autopsy (software)">Autopsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armitage_(computing)" title="Armitage (computing)">Armitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burp_Suite" title="Burp Suite">Burp Suite</a></li> <li>BeEF</li> <li>Cisco Global Exploiter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ettercap_(software)" title="Ettercap (software)">Ettercap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foremost_(software)" title="Foremost (software)">Foremost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(software)" title="Hydra (software)">Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashcat" title="Hashcat">Hashcat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Ripper" title="John the Ripper">John the Ripper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kismet_(software)" title="Kismet (software)">Kismet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynis" title="Lynis">Lynis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltego" title="Maltego">Maltego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metasploit" title="Metasploit">Metasploit</a> framework</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nmap" title="Nmap">Nmap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikto_(vulnerability_scanner)" title="Nikto (vulnerability scanner)">Nikto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OWASP_ZAP" class="mw-redirect" title="OWASP ZAP">OWASP ZAP</a></li> <li>Reverse engineering toolkit</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_engineering_(security)" title="Social engineering (security)">Social engineering</a> tools</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sqlmap" title="Sqlmap">Sqlmap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volatility_(memory_forensics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Volatility (memory forensics)">Volatility</a></li> <li>VulnHub</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireshark" title="Wireshark">Wireshark</a></li> <li>WPScan</li></ul> </div> <p>These tools can be used for a number of purposes, most of which involve exploiting a victim network or application, performing network discovery, or scanning a target IP address. Many tools from the previous version (<a href="/wiki/BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a>) were eliminated to focus on the most popular and effective penetration testing applications. </p><p>Offensive Security provides a book, <i>Kali Linux Revealed</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and makes it available for free download.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kali_Purple">Kali Purple</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Kali Purple"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Kali Purple</b> is a flavor of Kali introduced in 2023 specifically designed for defensive security.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It features its own suite of tools sorted into categories that correspond to the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Standards_and_Technology" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology">NIST</a> Cybersecurity Framework.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-releases-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-releases_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-releases_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px 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a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/kali-linux-releases/">"Official Kali Linux Releases"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tools.kali.org&rft.atitle=Kali+Linux+Penetration+Testing+Tools&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.kali.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/news/kali-linux-metapackages/">"Kali Linux Metapackages"</a>. <i>www.kali.org</i>. February 26, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160423161151/https://www.kali.org/news/kali-linux-metapackages/">Archived</a> from the original on April 23, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.h-online.com&rft.atitle=Kali+Linux+arrives+as+enterprise-ready+version+of+BackTrack+-+The+H+Open%3A+News+and+Features&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.h-online.com%2Fopen%2Fnews%2Fitem%2FKali-Linux-arrives-as-enterprise-ready-version-of-BackTrack-1822241.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/blog/mr-robot-arg-society">"Mr. Robot and Kali Linux"</a>. December 29, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230504113701/https://www.kali.org/blog/mr-robot-arg-society/">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mr.+Robot+and+Kali+Linux&rft.date=2020-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kali.org%2Fblog%2Fmr-robot-arg-society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span>/</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeroux2017" class="citation web cs1">Leroux, Sylvain (May 3, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://itsfoss.com/kali-linux-review/">"The Kali Linux Review You Must Read Before You Start Using it"</a>. <i>itsfoss.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200414131346/https://itsfoss.com/kali-linux-review/">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=itsfoss.com&rft.atitle=The+Kali+Linux+Review+You+Must+Read+Before+You+Start+Using+it&rft.date=2017-05-03&rft.aulast=Leroux&rft.aufirst=Sylvain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fitsfoss.com%2Fkali-linux-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrauer2015" class="citation news cs1">Grauer, Yael (August 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2015/08/peek-inside-mr-robots-toolbox/">"A Peek Inside Mr. Robot's Toolbox"</a>. <i>Wired</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150908111032/http://www.wired.com/2015/08/peek-inside-mr-robots-toolbox">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=A+Peek+Inside+Mr.+Robot%27s+Toolbox&rft.date=2015-08-26&rft.issn=1059-1028&rft.aulast=Grauer&rft.aufirst=Yael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2015%2F08%2Fpeek-inside-mr-robots-toolbox%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hackertarget.com/hacker-tools-mr-robot/">"Exploring the Hacker Tools of Mr Robot"</a>. <i>HackerTarget.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HackerTarget.com&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+Hacker+Tools+of+Mr+Robot&rft.date=2015-08-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhackertarget.com%2Fhacker-tools-mr-robot%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nethunter-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nethunter_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nethunter_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/kali-linux-nethunter/">"Kali Linux NetHunter for Nexus and OnePlus"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170102042508/https://www.kali.org/kali-linux-nethunter/">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kali+Linux+NetHunter+for+Nexus+and+OnePlus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kali.org%2Fkali-linux-nethunter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.kali.org/general-use/kali-linux-forensics-mode">"Kali Linux Forensics Mode"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191125142754/https://docs.kali.org/general-use/kali-linux-forensics-mode">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kali+Linux+Forensics+Mode&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.kali.org%2Fgeneral-use%2Fkali-linux-forensics-mode&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/news/kali-linux-2020-4-release/">"Kali Linux 2020.4 Release"</a>. <i>www.kali.org</i>. November 18, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210129134940/https://www.kali.org/news/kali-linux-2020-4-release/">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 22, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241126180757/https://www.kali.org/docs/installation/hard-disk-install/">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kali.org&rft.atitle=Installing+Kali+Linux&rft.date=2024-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kali.org%2Fdocs%2Finstallation%2Fhard-disk-install%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPauli2013" class="citation web cs1">Pauli, Darren (March 13, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itnews.com.au/news/backtrack-successor-kali-launched-336420">"BackTrack successor Kali Linux launched"</a>. <a href="/wiki/SC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="SC Magazine">SC Magazine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190410145830/https://www.itnews.com.au/news/backtrack-successor-kali-launched-336420">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BackTrack+successor+Kali+Linux+launched&rft.pub=SC+Magazine&rft.date=2013-03-13&rft.aulast=Pauli&rft.aufirst=Darren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itnews.com.au%2Fnews%2Fbacktrack-successor-kali-launched-336420&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/docs/installation/installing-old-i386/">"Installing old i386 images"</a>. <i>Kali.org</i>. November 7, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241217201254/https://www.kali.org/docs/installation/installing-old-i386/">Archived</a> from the original on December 17, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Lifehacker. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020145254/https://lifehacker.com/behind-the-app-the-story-of-kali-linux-1666168491">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2019</span>. <q>Mati Aharoni: One of our goals with Kali is to provide images of the operating system for all sorts of exotic hardware—mainly ARM based. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=04.+Kali+Linux+on+ARM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.kali.org%2Fcategory%2Fkali-on-arm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFmuts2018" class="citation web cs1">muts (March 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/news/kali-linux-in-the-windows-app-store/">"Kali Linux in the Windows App Store"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kali+Linux+in+the+Windows+App+Store&rft.pub=Kali+Linux&rft.date=2018-03-05&rft.au=muts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kali.org%2Fnews%2Fkali-linux-in-the-windows-app-store%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGray2021" class="citation web cs1">Gray, Lerma (February 12, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://devcount.com/linux-distros-hacking/">"11 Best Linux Distros For Hacking And Penetration Testing in 2021 – dev.Count"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220521054325/https://devcount.com/linux-distros-hacking/">Archived</a> from the original on May 21, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=beefproject.com&rft.atitle=BeEF+-+The+Browser+Exploitation+Framework+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbeefproject.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org/tools/cisco-global-exploiter/">"cisco-global-exploiter | Kali Linux Tools"</a>. <i>Kali Linux</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231001050707/https://www.kali.org/tools/cisco-global-exploiter/">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vulnhub.com&rft.atitle=Vulnerable+By+Design+~+VulnHub&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulnhub.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHertzogO'GormanAharoni2017" class="citation book cs1">Hertzog, Raphael; O'Gorman, Jim; Aharoni, Mati (June 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6n9atAEACAAJ"><i>Kali Linux Revealed: Mastering the Penetration Testing Distribution</i></a>. Offsec Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9976156-0-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9976156-0-9"><bdi>978-0-9976156-0-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240521132906/https://books.google.com/books?id=6n9atAEACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on May 21, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kali.training/downloads/Kali-Linux-Revealed-1st-edition.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on January 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kali+Linux+Revealed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkali.training%2Fdownloads%2FKali-Linux-Revealed-1st-edition.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbrams2023" class="citation web cs1">Abrams, Lawrence (March 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/kali-linux-20231-introduces-purple-distro-for-defensive-security/">"Kali Linux 2023.1 introduces 'Purple' distro for defensive security"</a>. <i>BleepingComputer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241214224342/https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/kali-linux-20231-introduces-purple-distro-for-defensive-security/">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BleepingComputer&rft.atitle=Kali+Linux+2023.1+introduces+%27Purple%27+distro+for+defensive+security&rft.date=2023-03-13&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bleepingcomputer.com%2Fnews%2Fsecurity%2Fkali-linux-20231-introduces-purple-distro-for-defensive-security%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFcodelabs2023" class="citation web cs1">codelabs (March 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tcm-sec.com/kali-purple-v2023-1/">"What is Kali Purple and How Is It Used? - TCM Security"</a>. <i>TCM Security</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241214224610/https://tcm-sec.com/kali-purple-v2023-1/">Archived</a> from the original on December 14, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TCM+Security&rft.atitle=What+is+Kali+Purple+and+How+Is+It+Used%3F+-+TCM+Security&rft.date=2023-03-14&rft.au=codelabs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftcm-sec.com%2Fkali-purple-v2023-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKali+Linux" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kali_Linux&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kali.org">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.distrowatch.com/table.php?distribution=kali">Kali Linux</a> at <a href="/wiki/DistroWatch" title="DistroWatch">DistroWatch</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/kalilinux">Kali Linux</a> on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Linux_distributions729" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Linux_distributions" title="Template:Linux distributions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Linux_distributions" title="Template talk:Linux distributions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Linux_distributions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Linux distributions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Linux_distributions729" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distributions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/LineageOS" title="LineageOS">LineageOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//e/_(operating_system)" title="/e/ (operating system)">/e/</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CalyxOS" title="CalyxOS">CalyxOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrDroid" title="CrDroid">CrDroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iod%C3%A9OS" title="IodéOS">iodéOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replicant_(operating_system)" title="Replicant (operating system)">Replicant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86" title="Android-x86">Android-x86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86#Project_Celadon" title="Android-x86">Celadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_OS_(operating_system)" title="Cherry OS (operating system)">Cherry OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GrapheneOS" title="GrapheneOS">GrapheneOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HiOS" title="HiOS">HiOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_UI" title="One UI">One UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_Android_(operating_system)" title="Paranoid Android (operating system)">Paranoid Android</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_Remix_OS" title="Resurrection Remix OS">Resurrection Remix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OmniROM" title="OmniROM">OmniROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XOS_(operating_system)" title="XOS (operating system)">XOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaomi_HyperOS" title="Xiaomi HyperOS">Xiaomi HyperOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArchBang" title="ArchBang">ArchBang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artix_Linux" title="Artix Linux">Artix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackArch" title="BlackArch">BlackArch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EndeavourOS" title="EndeavourOS">EndeavourOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frugalware_Linux" title="Frugalware Linux">Frugalware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Linux" title="Garuda Linux">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre">Hyperbola GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinHES" title="LinHES">LinHES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjaro" title="Manjaro">Manjaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Parabola GNU/Linux-libre">Parabola GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (3.0 onwards)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SystemRescue" title="SystemRescue">SystemRescue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Official: <a href="/wiki/Edubuntu" title="Edubuntu">Edubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubuntu" title="Kubuntu">Kubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubuntu" title="Lubuntu">Lubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Budgie" title="Ubuntu Budgie">Ubuntu Budgie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Cinnamon" title="Ubuntu Cinnamon">Ubuntu Cinnamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Kylin" title="Ubuntu Kylin">Ubuntu Kylin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_MATE" title="Ubuntu MATE">Ubuntu MATE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Studio" title="Ubuntu Studio">Ubuntu Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Unity" title="Ubuntu Unity">Ubuntu Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xubuntu" title="Xubuntu">Xubuntu</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Derivatives: <a href="/wiki/BackBox" title="BackBox">BackBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhi_Linux" title="Bodhi Linux">Bodhi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elementary_OS" title="Elementary OS">elementary OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmabunt%C3%BCs" title="Emmabuntüs">Emmabuntüs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDE_neon" title="KDE neon">KDE neon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freespire" title="Freespire">Freespire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Lite" title="Linux Lite">Linux Lite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Mint" title="Linux Mint">Linux Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LXLE_Linux" title="LXLE Linux">LXLE Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_(operating_system)" title="Nova (operating system)">Nova OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppermint_OS" title="Peppermint OS">Peppermint OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop!_OS" title="Pop! OS">Pop! OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trisquel" title="Trisquel">Trisquel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Touch" title="Ubuntu Touch">Ubuntu Touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruk_GNU/Linux" title="Uruk GNU/Linux">Uruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wubuntu" title="Wubuntu">Wubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorin_OS" title="Zorin OS">Zorin OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AntiX" title="AntiX">antiX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Linux" title="Astra Linux">Astra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Operating_System_Solutions" title="Bharat Operating System Solutions">Bharat Operating System Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlankOn_Linux" title="BlankOn Linux">BlankOn Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_OS" title="Commodore OS">Commodore OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damn_Small_Linux" title="Damn Small Linux">Damn Small Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepin" title="Deepin">deepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devuan" title="Devuan">Devuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elive" title="Elive">Elive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endless_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Endless OS">Endless OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomBox" title="FreedomBox">FreedomBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaisen_Linux" title="Kaisen Linux">Kaisen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanotix" title="Kanotix">Kanotix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knoppix" title="Knoppix">Knoppix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX_Linux" title="MX Linux">MX Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parrot_OS" title="Parrot OS">Parrot OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PureOS" title="PureOS">PureOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_OS" title="Raspberry Pi OS">Raspberry Pi OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q4OS" title="Q4OS">Q4OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slax" title="Slax">Slax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SparkyLinux" title="SparkyLinux">SparkyLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SolydXK" title="SolydXK">SolydXK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tails_(operating_system)" title="Tails (operating system)">Tails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Operating_System" title="Unity Operating System">UOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whonix" title="Whonix">Whonix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/CentOS_Stream" title="CentOS Stream">CentOS Stream</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlmaLinux" title="AlmaLinux">AlmaLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EulerOS" title="EulerOS">EulerOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_Linux" title="Miracle Linux">MIRACLE LINUX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Linux" title="Oracle Linux">Oracle Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Linux" title="Rocky Linux">Rocky Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahi_Linux" title="Asahi Linux">Asahi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Security_Toolkit" title="Network Security Toolkit">Network Security Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobara_Linux" title="Nobara Linux">Nobara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qubes_OS" title="Qubes OS">Qubes OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Star_OS" title="Red Star OS">Red Star OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailfish_OS" title="Sailfish OS">Sailfish OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calculate_Linux" title="Calculate Linux">Calculate Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentoo" title="Pentoo">Pentoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandrake_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandrake Linux">Mandrake</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALT_Linux" title="ALT Linux">ALT Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCLinuxOS" title="PCLinuxOS">PCLinuxOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandriva_Linux" title="Mandriva Linux">Mandriva</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mageia" title="Mageia">Mageia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenMandriva_Lx" title="OpenMandriva Lx">OpenMandriva Lx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROSA_Linux" title="ROSA Linux">ROSA Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrumi_Linux" title="Austrumi Linux">Austrumi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porteus_(operating_system)" title="Porteus (operating system)">Porteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salix_OS" title="Salix OS">Salix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slax" title="Slax">Slax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenwalk" title="Zenwalk">Zenwalk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenSUSE" title="OpenSUSE">openSUSE</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux_Enterprise" title="SUSE Linux Enterprise">SUSE Linux Enterprise</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_Enterprise_Server" title="Open Enterprise Server">Open Enterprise Server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GeckoLinux" title="GeckoLinux">GeckoLinux</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4MLinux" title="4MLinux">4MLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Linux" title="Alpine Linux">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHAOS_(operating_system)" title="CHAOS (operating system)">CHAOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_Linux" title="Chimera Linux">Chimera Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Linux_OS" title="Clear Linux OS">Clear Linux OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRUX" title="CRUX">CRUX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwort_Linux" title="Kwort Linux">Kwort</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoboLinux" title="GoboLinux">GoboLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Guix_System" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU Guix System">Guix SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaiOS" title="KaiOS">KaiOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaOS" title="KaOS">KaOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NixOS" title="NixOS">NixOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppy_Linux" title="Puppy Linux">Puppy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_Mage" title="Source Mage">Source Mage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solus_(operating_system)" title="Solus (operating system)">Solus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T2_SDE" title="T2 SDE">T2 SDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiny_Core_Linux" title="Tiny Core Linux">Tiny Core Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Void_Linux" title="Void Linux">Void</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Discontinued</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CyanogenMod" title="CyanogenMod">CyanogenMod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivestOS" title="DivestOS">DivestOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIUI" title="MIUI">MIUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PixelExperience" title="PixelExperience">PixelExperience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remix_OS" title="Remix OS">Remix OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArchLabs" title="ArchLabs">ArchLabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antergos" title="Antergos">Antergos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakra_(operating_system)" title="Chakra (operating system)">Chakra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ubuntu: <a href="/wiki/Asturix" title="Asturix">Asturix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lab_Linux" title="Black Lab Linux">Black Lab Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cub_Linux" title="Cub Linux">Cub Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobuntu" title="Gobuntu">Gobuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOS_(operating_system)" title="GOS (operating system)">gOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Caixa_M%C3%A1gica" title="Linux Caixa Mágica">Linux Caixa Mágica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinuxTLE" title="LinuxTLE">LinuxTLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinguy_OS" title="Pinguy OS">Pinguy OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabily" title="Sabily">Sabily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_GNOME" title="Ubuntu GNOME">Ubuntu GNOME</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other derivatives: <a href="/wiki/BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corel_Linux" title="Corel Linux">Corel Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrunchBang_Linux" title="CrunchBang Linux">CrunchBang Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoudouLinux" title="DoudouLinux">DoudouLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamlinux" title="Dreamlinux">Dreamlinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feather_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Feather Linux">Feather Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNewSense" title="GNewSense">gNewSense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HandyLinux" title="HandyLinux">HandyLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libranet" title="Libranet">Libranet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musix_GNU%2BLinux" title="Musix GNU+Linux">Musix GNU+Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsix" title="Parsix">Parsix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (1.0–2.0)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwah_Linux" title="Sunwah Linux">Sunwah Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Container_Linux" title="Container Linux">Container Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabayon_Linux" title="Sabayon Linux">Sabayon Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XB_Machine" title="XB Machine">xB Machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BLAG_Linux_and_GNU" title="BLAG Linux and GNU">BLAG Linux and GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CentOS" title="CentOS">CentOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClearOS" title="ClearOS">ClearOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linpus_Linux" title="Linpus Linux">Linpus Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korora_(operating_system)" title="Korora (operating system)">Korora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_for_PlayStation_2" title="Linux for PlayStation 2">Linux for PlayStation 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Linux" title="Scientific Linux">Scientific Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocks_Cluster_Distribution" title="Rocks Cluster Distribution">Rocks Cluster Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_Blue_Linux" title="Think Blue Linux">Think Blue Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbolinux" title="Turbolinux">Turbolinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vine_Linux" title="Vine Linux">Vine Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Dog_Linux" title="Yellow Dog Linux">Yellow Dog Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_Linux" title="Absolute Linux">Absolute Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BioSLAX" title="BioSLAX">BioSLAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damn_Vulnerable_Linux" title="Damn Vulnerable Linux">Damn Vulnerable Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KateOS" title="KateOS">KateOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongoni_(operating_system)" title="Kongoni (operating system)">Kongoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NimbleX" title="NimbleX">NimbleX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platypux" title="Platypux">Platypux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TopologiLinux" title="TopologiLinux">TopologiLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VectorLinux" title="VectorLinux">VectorLinux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Studio" title="SUSE Studio">SUSE Studio Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldera_OpenLinux" title="Caldera OpenLinux">Caldera OpenLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DemoLinux" title="DemoLinux">DemoLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiar_Linux" title="Familiar Linux">Familiar Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS#B2G_OS" title="Firefox OS">B2G OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floppyfw" title="Floppyfw">Floppyfw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foresight_Linux" title="Foresight Linux">Foresight Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immunix" title="Immunix">Immunix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurix" title="Jurix">Jurix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Router_Project" title="Linux Router Project">Linux Router Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MCC_Interim_Linux" title="MCC Interim Linux">MCC Interim Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mer_(software_distribution)" title="Mer (software distribution)">Mer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilinux" title="Mobilinux">Mobilinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitix" title="Nitix">Nitix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenELEC" title="OpenELEC">OpenELEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softlanding_Linux_System" title="Softlanding Linux System">Softlanding Linux System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splashtop_OS" title="Splashtop OS">Splashtop OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkix" title="Turkix">Turkix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td 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