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recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modificar la dimension, la largor e la color del tèxte." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Siwi" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li 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href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Siwi" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Classificació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classificació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Classificació</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classificació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fonologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Fonologia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fonologia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Fonologia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fonologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Consonants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consonants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Consonants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consonants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Vocals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mostres_d'escriptura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mostres_d'escriptura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mostres d'escriptura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mostres_d'escriptura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sistema_numèric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sistema_numèric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sistema numèric</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sistema_numèric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Taula de continguts" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Siwi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 32 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_siwi" title="Idioma siwi - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma siwi" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A" title="السيوي - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السيوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="تاسيويت - Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تاسيويت" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="اللغه السيويه - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اللغه السيويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_siwi" title="Idioma siwi - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma siwi" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwaeg" title="Siwaeg - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Siwaeg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwi" title="Siwi - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Siwi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwi_language" title="Siwi language - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Siwi language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivia_lingvo" title="Sivia lingvo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sivia lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_siwi" title="Idioma siwi - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma siwi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siivi_keel" title="Siivi keel - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Siivi keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C" title="زبان سیوی - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان سیوی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwin_kieli" title="Siwin kieli - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Siwin kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwi" title="Siwi - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Siwi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshen_Siwi" title="Harshen Siwi - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshen Siwi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwi_jezik" title="Siwi jezik - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Siwi jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%E1%BB%A5s%E1%BB%A5_Siwi" title="Asụsụ Siwi - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Asụsụ Siwi" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_siwi" title="Lingua siwi - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua siwi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="シワ語 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シワ語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasiwit" title="Tasiwit - cabilenc" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tasiwit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabilenc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Сива тили - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сива тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwi" title="Siwi - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Siwi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_siwi" title="Język siwi - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język siwi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Siwi" title="Lenga Siwi - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Siwi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_siu%C3%AD" title="Língua siuí - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua siuí" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Сиуа - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сиуа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwi_jezik" title="Siwi jezik - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Siwi jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_Tasiwit" title="Tutlayt Tasiwit - taixelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt Tasiwit" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="taixelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwi_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Siwi (språk) - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Siwi (språk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Сиванська мова - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сиванська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵡⵉⵜ - amazic estàndard marroquí" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵡⵉⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazic estàndard marroquí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%93%A6%E8%AA%9E" title="西瓦語 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西瓦語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36814#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modificau enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siwi" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussi%C3%B3:Siwi" rel="discussion" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siwi"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siwi"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Siwi" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Siwi" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&oldid=33964862" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Siwi&id=33964862&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSiwi"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSiwi"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Siwi"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Siwi&action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36814" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;background-color:Moccasin;"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Infotaula de llengua"><img alt="Infotaula de llengua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/20px-Octicons-comment.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/30px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/40px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1024" /></span></span></span>Siwi</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color:Moccasin;font-size:110%;">Žlan n Isiwan</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Idioma" title="Idioma">llengua</a> i <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1288568" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1288568">llengua viva</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Ús</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Parlants</th><td class="infobox-data">21.000 (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Autòcton de</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oasi_de_Siwa" title="Oasi de Siwa">Oasi de Siwa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Estat</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Egipte"><img alt="Egipte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/46px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><div style="font-size:90%;"></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Classificació lingüística</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_afroasi%C3%A0tiques" title="Llengües afroasiàtiques">Llengües afroasiàtiques</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amazigues" class="mw-redirect" title="Llengües amazigues">Llengües amazigues</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amazigues_orientals" title="Llengües amazigues orientals">Llengües amazigues orientals</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Característiques</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Nivell de vulnerabilitat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20672088" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q20672088">3 en perill</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P1999" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Codis</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ISO 639-2</th><td class="infobox-data">siz</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ISO 639-3</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=siz">siz</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P220" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">SIL</th><td class="infobox-data">siz</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Glottolog</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/siwi1239">siwi1239</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P1394" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Ethnologue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/language/siz">siz</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P1627" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">UNESCO</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/en/atlasmap/language-id-6.html">6</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P2355" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">IETF</th><td class="infobox-data">siz <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P305" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Endangered languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/295">295</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36814?uselang=ca#P2192" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>siwi</b> o <b>siwa</b>, també conegut com a <i>amazic de l'oasi</i> o ambíguament <i>zenati</i>, és una llengua <a href="/wiki/Amazic" title="Amazic">amaziga</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a>, parlada per entre 15.000 i 20.000 persones<sup id="cite_ref-souag_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-souag-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> als <a href="/wiki/Oasi" title="Oasi">oasis</a> de <a href="/wiki/Oasi_de_Siwa" title="Oasi de Siwa">Siwa</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oasi_de_Qara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oasi de Qara (encara no existeix)">Gara</a>, vora de la <a href="/wiki/Frontera_entre_L%C3%ADbia_i_Egipte" title="Frontera entre Líbia i Egipte">frontera entre Líbia i Egipte</a>. La llengua està fortament influenciada per l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%80rab_egipci" title="Àrab egipci">àrab egipci</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El seu ús per la població ètnica dels <a href="/wiki/Siwis" title="Siwis">siwis</a> és en declivi,<sup id="cite_ref-Battenburg,_John_1999_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Battenburg,_John_1999-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ja que la majoria han adoptat l'àrab com la seva llengua principal.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alguns nadius siwis adults expressen un cert desarrelament per la llengua, ja que creuen que els seus fills tindrien millors perspectives educatives si els parlen en àrab des del principi.<sup id="cite_ref-souag_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-souag-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En general, la majoria de la població nadiua veu l'arab des d'una perspectiva positiva<sup id="cite_ref-souag_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-souag-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i gairebé tots l'aprenen a parlar com a segona llengua des de molt joves.<sup id="cite_ref-souag_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-souag-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Encara que la llengua nadiua siwa és un dialecte amazic, no està estretament relacionada amb cap altra llengua amaziga.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classificació"><span id="Classificaci.C3.B3"></span>Classificació</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Classificació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-eth_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eth-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> situa el siwi en el grup de les <a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amazigues_orientals" title="Llengües amazigues orientals">llengües amazigues orientals</a> amb les llengües <a href="/wiki/Awjila" title="Awjila">awjila</a> i <a href="/wiki/Sokna" title="Sokna">sokna</a> del centre i est de Líbia. Kossmann (1999)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> l'enllaça amb els sokna i el grup dialectal <a href="/wiki/Nafusi" title="Nafusi">nafusi</a> de Líbia occidental i Tunísia, però no amb l'awjila. L'"<a href="/wiki/Endangered_Languages_Project" title="Endangered Languages Project">Endangered Languages Project</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> classifica el siwi com a vulnerable a l'extinció, llistant un 20% de certesa basada en evidències recollides.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fonologia">Fonologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Fonologia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un inventari preliminar de la llengua siwi mostra un total de 42 segments distintius, 38 consonants i 4 vocals.<sup id="cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christfried_Naumann_2009-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consonants">Consonants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Consonants"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El siwi conté 38 consonants i 38 homòlogues llargues d'aquestes consonants.<sup id="cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christfried_Naumann_2009-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Labial" class="mw-redirect" title="Labial">Labial</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolar">Alveolar</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Apical" class="mw-redirect" title="Apical">Apical</a>)</small> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Palatal" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatal">Palatal</a><br /><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laminar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laminar (encara no existeix)">(Laminal)</a></small> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Velar" class="mw-redirect" title="Velar">Velar</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Uvular" class="mw-redirect" title="Uvular">Uvular</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiglotal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epiglotal (encara no existeix)">Epiglotal</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Glotal" class="mw-redirect" title="Glotal">Glotal</a> </th></tr> <tr style="font-size: x-small;"> <th>plana </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faringelitzaci%C3%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faringelització (encara no existeix)">far.</a> </th> <th>plana </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faringelitzaci%C3%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faringelització (encara no existeix)">far.</a> </th> <th>plana </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Labialitzaci%C3%B3" title="Labialització">lab.</a> </th> <th>plana </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Labialitzaci%C3%B3" title="Labialització">lab.</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasal">Nasal</a> </th> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">m</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">mˤ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">n</span> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oclusiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Oclusiva">Oclusiva</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Consonant_sorda" title="Consonant sorda">sorda</a></small> </th> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">t</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">tˤ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">c</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">k</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">kʷ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">q</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">qʷ</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">(ʔ)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Consonant_sonora" title="Consonant sonora">sonora</a></small> </th> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">b</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">bˤ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">d</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">(dˤ)</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ɟ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ɡ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ɡʷ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">q</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">qʷ</span> </td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fricativa" class="mw-redirect" title="Fricativa">Fricativa</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Consonant_sorda" title="Consonant sorda">sorda</a></small> </th> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">f</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">fˤ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">s</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">sˤ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ʃ</span> </td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">χ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">χʷ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ʜ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">h</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Consonant_sonora" title="Consonant sonora">sonora</a></small> </th> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">z</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">zˤ</span> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ʁ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ʁʷ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ʢ</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Aproximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Aproximant">Aproximant</a> </th> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">l</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">lˤ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">j</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">w</span> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Consonant_bategant" title="Consonant bategant">Bategant</a> </th> <td></td> <td> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ɾ</span> </td> <td><span title="Representació en l'Alfabet Fonètic Internacional (AFI)" class="IPA">ɾˤ</span> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <ul><li>/c ɟ/ pot aparèixer com a [t͡ʃ d͡ʒ].</li> <li>/ʁ ʁʷ ʢ/ poden aparèixer com a aproximants.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vocals">Vocals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Vocals"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En siwi hi ha 4 vocals i 1 o 2 diftongs: /a, i, u, ə/; /ai/ [e:] and /au/ [o:].<sup id="cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christfried_Naumann_2009-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Descobriments recents han trobat que el siwi, a diferència de la majoria de les altres llengües amazigues, té dos fonemes vocàlics mitjans en el seu vocabulari heretat, incloses e i o. En qualsevol altre entorn el contrast entre <i>i</i> i <i>e</i> s'ha neutralitzat.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mostres_d'escriptura"><span id="Mostres_d.27escriptura"></span>Mostres d'escriptura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Mostres d'escriptura"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La imatge en miniatura al següent enllaç conté una llista dels pronoms i les salutacions típiques primer escrits en siwi, a continuació, amb la pronunciació anglesa i la traducció, i acaba amb una descripció de la paraula en àrab.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sistema_numèric"><span id="Sistema_num.C3.A8ric"></span>Sistema numèric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Sistema numèric"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El siwi utilitza un sistema numèric gairebé totalment pres d'àrab, i només ha conservat dos numerals amazics tradicionals : un i dos.<sup id="cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christfried_Naumann_2009-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aquest sistema utilitza els números 3-10, tant per al recompte com per la qualificació dels substantius.<sup id="cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christfried_Naumann_2009-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Els nombres 11-19 tenen dues formes separades per comptar i qualificar substantius.<sup id="cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christfried_Naumann_2009-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>1. waʜəd ~ əd͡ʒːən, əd͡ʒːən, əd͡ʒːət</td> <td>22. ətnaina wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. ətnain ~ sən, sən</td> <td>23. ətlata wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. ətlata</td> <td>24. arˤbˤəʢa wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. arˤbˤəʢa (c. and q.)</td> <td>25. χamsa wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. χamsa (c. and q.)</td> <td>26. sətti wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>6. sətti (c. and q.)</td> <td>27. səbʢa wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>7. səbʢa (c. and q.)</td> <td>28. ətmanja wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>8. ətmanja (c. and q.)</td> <td>29. təsˤʢa wa ʢəʃrin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>9. təsˤʢa (c. and q.)</td> <td>30. ətlatin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>10. ʢaʃrˤa (c. and q.)</td> <td>40. arˤbˤəʢin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>11. əʜdaʃərˤ (counting), əʜdaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>50. χamsin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>12. ətˤnaʃərˤ(c.), ətˤnaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>60. səttin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>13. ətlətˤaʃərˤ(c.), ətlətˤaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>70. səbʢin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>14. arˤbəʢtˤaʃərˤ(c.), arˤbəʢtˤaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>80. ətmanjin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>15. əχməstˤaʃərˤ(c.), əχməstˤaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>90. təsˤʢin (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>16. səttˤaʃərˤ(c.), səttˤaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>100. məjja (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>17. əsbaʢtˤaʃərˤ(c.), əsbaʢtˤaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>200. məjjətain (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>18. ətmantˤaʃərˤ(c.), ətmantˤaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>1000. alf (c. and q.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>19. ətsaʢtˤaʃərˤ(c.), ətsaʢtˤaʃ (q.n.)</td> <td>2000. alfain ??? * not attested </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://joshuaproject.net/languages/siz">Siwi</a> a The Joshua Project</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-souag-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-souag_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-souag_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-souag_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-souag_2-3">2,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Grammatical Contact in the Sahara: Arabic, Berber, and Songhay in Tabelbala and Siwa</i>, Lameen Souag, PhD thesis, SOAS, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Werner Vycichl. 2005. "Jlân n Isîwan: Sketch of the Berber Language of the Oasis of Siwa (Egypt)," <i>Berberstudien & A Sketch of Siwi Berber (Egypt).</i> Ed. Dymitr Ibriszimow & Maarten Kossmann. Berber Studies, vol. 10. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/3-89645-389-0" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/3-89645-389-0">ISBN 3-89645-389-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Battenburg,_John_1999-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Battenburg,_John_1999_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBattenburg1999"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Battenburg</span>, John «The Gradual Death of Berber Language Communities in Tunisia». <i>International Journal of the Sociology of Language</i>, 137, 1999, pàg. 147–161. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0165-2516">0165-2516</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dimmendaal, Gerrit, and Erhard Voeltz. 2007. "Africa". In Christopher Moseley, ed., Encyclopedia of the world's endangered languages.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFWalker2010"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Walker</span>, W. Seymour «The Siwi language : a short grammar of the Siwi language». <i>Lincom grammatica</i>, 2010.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eth-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-eth_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=siz">Siwi</a>». <i>Ethnologue</i>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kossmann, Maarten. 1999. Essai sur la phonologie du proto-berbère. Köln: Köppe.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/295">Endangered Languages Project - Siwi</a>». <i>The Endangered Languages</i>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brenzinger Matthias. 2007. "Language Endangerment in Northern Africa." Matthias Brenzinger- Mouton de Gruyter. Ch.6: 123-139</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Moseley, Christopher. 2010. "Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger." Christopher Moseley (edt.) 3rd edn.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Christfried_Naumann_2009-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-0">12,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-1">12,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-2">12,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-3">12,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-4">12,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Christfried_Naumann_2009_12-5">12,5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Mr. Christfried Naumann, Doctoral Student, Department of Linguistics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. June 26, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Souag</span>, Lameen «The Origins of Mid Vowels in Siwi». <i>Studies in African Linguistics</i>, 45, pàg. 1.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.siwaoasis.com/siwa_language.html">www.siwaoasis.com * Siwa Oasis - Culture - Language *</a>». <i>siwaoasis.com</i>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33711417">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;color:#555;background-color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}</style><span class="languageicon" title="En anglès">(anglès)</span> Souag, Lameen, 2010 — <i>Grammatical Contact in the Sahara: Arabic, Berber, and Songhay in Tabelbala and Siwa</i>. PhD thesis, <a href="/w/index.php?title=School_of_Oriental_and_African_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="School of Oriental and African Studies (encara no existeix)">School of Oriental and African Studies</a>, London, 519 p.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En anglès">(anglès)</span> Souag, Lameen, 2009 — « Siwa and its significance for Arabic dialectology ». <i>Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik</i> (51), p. 51-75</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En francès">(francès)</span> Leguil, Alphonse, 1986 — « Notes sur le parler berbère de Siwa (I) ». <i>Bulletin des études africaines de l'Inalco</i>, VI (11), p. 5-42</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En francès">(francès)</span> Leguil, Alphonse, 1986 — « Notes sur le parler berbère de Siwa (II) ». <i>Bulletin des études africaines de l'Inalco</i>, VI (12), p. 97-124</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En francès">(francès)</span> Prasse, K.-G., 1984 — « Siwi (Zilan n-Isiwan) ». <i>Encyclopédie Berbère</i> (34), p. 1-4</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En francès">(francès)</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89mile_Laoust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Émile Laoust (encara no existeix)">Laoust, Émile</a>, 1932 — <i>Siwa: I. Son parler</i>, Paris, Librairie Ernest Leroux, Publications de l'Institut des hautes-études marocaines, n° xxiii, xxiii, 317 p.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En anglès">(anglès)</span> Walker, W. Seymour, 1921 — <i>The Siwi language, A short grammar of the Siwi language, with a map and ten appendices, including a brief account of the customs, etc., of the Siwani, together with a description of the oasis of Siwa</i>, London, Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co, 96 p.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En anglès">(anglès)</span> Stanley, C. V. B., 1912 — « The Siwan Language and Vocabulary, Proper Names, Siwan Money, Weights and Measures (continued from the Journal of April, 1912.), The Siwan Language ». <i>Journal of the Royal African Society</i>, 11 (44), p. 438-457</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417" /><span class="languageicon" title="En francès">(francès)</span> Basset, René, 1890 — <i>Le dialecte de Syouah</i>, Paris, Ernest Leroux, Publications de l'École des lettres d'Alger. Bulletin de correspondance africaine, n° V, VIII ; 98 p. — en ligne: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.archive.org/details/ledialectedesyo00bassgoog">http://www.archive.org/details/ledialectedesyo00bassgoog</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elar.soas.ac.uk/deposit/0283">ELAR archive of Siwi narrative and conversation recordings</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingreviews.org/wals/languoid/lect/wals_code_bsi">World Atlas of Language Structures entry</a></li> <li>Siwa <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/295">[1]</a> at the Endangered Languages Project</li> <li>A young boy speaking Siwi <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/295/samples/8682">[2]</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Llengües_amazigues" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Amazic" title="Plantilla:Amazic"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Llengües_amazigues" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Amazic" title="Amazic">Llengües amazigues</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Amazic" title="Amazic">Llengües</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_hist%C3%B2riques" title="Llengües històriques">Històriques</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protoberber" title="Protoberber">Protoberber</a><sup>†,R</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numidi" title="Numidi">Libi antic</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Guanxe</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guanxe" title="Guanxe">Guanxe</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amazigues_orientals" title="Llengües amazigues orientals">Oriental</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awjila" title="Awjila">Awjila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokna" title="Sokna">Sokna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadam%C3%A8s" title="Ghadamès">Ghadamès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaghbub" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaghbub">Jaghbub</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurg" title="Zurg">Zurg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nafusi" title="Nafusi">Nafusi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Siwi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amazigues_septentrionals" title="Llengües amazigues septentrionals">Septentrional</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_zenetes" title="Llengües zenetes">Zenetes</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazic_de_l%27Atles_Mitj%C3%A0_Oriental" title="Amazic de l'Atles Mitjà Oriental">Atles Mitjà Oriental</a><sup>TA</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ait_Seghroucheni" title="Ait Seghroucheni">Ait Seghroucheni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ait_Waraini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ait Waraini (encara no existeix)">Ait Waraini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_Mzab-Wargla" title="Llengües Mzab-Wargla">Sàhara Septentrional</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gurara" title="Gurara">Gurara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozabit" title="Mozabit">Mozabit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelja_del_sud_oran%C3%A8s_i_de_Figuig" title="Chelja del sud oranès i de Figuig">Sud oranès i Figuig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidikelt" title="Tidikelt">Tidikelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuwat" title="Tuwat">Tuwat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugurt" title="Tugurt">Wad Righ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wargli" title="Wargli">Wargla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifeny" title="Rifeny">Rifeny</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rifeny_central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rifeny central (encara no existeix)">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenete_de_l%27Oriental_marroqu%C3%AD" title="Zenete de l'Oriental marroquí">Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iznasen" title="Iznasen">Iznasen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beni_Snous" title="Beni Snous">Snouss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rifeny_occidental&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rifeny occidental (encara no existeix)">Occidental</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawiya" title="Shawiya">Shawiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_zenetes_orientals" title="Llengües zenetes orientals">Tunisià-Zuwara</a><sup>TE</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerbi" title="Gerbi">Gerbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matmata_(llengua)" title="Matmata (llengua)">Matmata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sened_(llengua)" title="Sened (llengua)">Sened</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tataouine_(llengua)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tataouine (llengua) (encara no existeix)">Tataouine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuwara" title="Zuwara">Zuwara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenete_d%27Alg%C3%A8ria_occidental" title="Zenete d'Algèria occidental">Algèria occidental</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gouraya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gouraya (encara no existeix)">Gouraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelif" title="Shelif">Shelif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenwa" title="Shenwa">Shenwa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">No Zenetes</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amazigues_de_l%27Atles" title="Llengües amazigues de l'Atles">Atles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tamazic" title="Tamazic">Tamazic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisan_al-Gharbi" title="Lisan al-Gharbi">Gharb</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghomara" title="Ghomara">Ghomara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeoamazic" title="Judeoamazic">Judeoamazic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhaji_de_Srayr" title="Sanhaji de Srayr">Sanhaji de Srayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taixelhit" title="Taixelhit">Taixelhit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabilenc" title="Cabilenc">Cabilenc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Llengua_est%C3%A0ndard" title="Llengua estàndard">Estàndard</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazic_est%C3%A0ndard_marroqu%C3%AD" title="Amazic estàndard marroquí">Amazic marroquí</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_tuareg" title="Llengües tuareg">Tuareg</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tamahaq" title="Tamahaq">Tamahaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamashek" title="Tamashek">Tamashek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawellemmet" title="Tawellemmet">Tawellemmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Tamajeq" title="Air Tamajeq">Tayart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_amazigues_occidentals" title="Llengües amazigues occidentals">Sud-occidental</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tetserret" title="Tetserret">Tetserret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenaga" title="Zenaga">Zenaga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortografia_amaziga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ortografia amaziga (encara no existeix)">Ortografia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_amazic_ar%C3%A0bic" title="Alfabet amazic aràbic">Alfabet amazic aràbic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeoamazic" title="Judeoamazic">Alfabet judeoamazic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_amazic_llat%C3%AD" title="Alfabet amazic llatí">Alfabet amazic llatí</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institucions</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Governmental</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Reial_de_la_Cultura_Amaziga" title="Institut Reial de la Cultura Amaziga">IRCAM (Marroc)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3_Nacional_de_l%E2%80%99Alfabetitzaci%C3%B3_Funcional_i_de_la_Ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica_Aplicada" title="Direcció Nacional de l’Alfabetització Funcional i de la Lingüística Aplicada">DNAFLA (Mali)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt_Comissariat_de_l%E2%80%99Amaziguitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Alt Comissariat de l’Amaziguitat">HCA (Algèria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_de_Recerca_Berber" title="Centre de Recerca Berber">CRB (França)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;width:6.25em; font-weight:normal;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">NGOs</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A8mia_Berber" title="Acadèmia Berber">Acadèmia Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congr%C3%A9s_Mundial_Amazic" title="Congrés Mundial Amazic">Congrés Mundial Amazic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>TE</sup> Transicional a Oriental <b>·</b> <sup>TA</sup> Transicional a Atles <b>·</b> <sup>†</sup> <a href="/wiki/Llengua_morta" title="Llengua morta">morta</a> <b>·</b> <sup>R</sup> <a href="/wiki/Reconstrucci%C3%B3_ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica" title="Reconstrucció lingüística">Reconstruïda</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Egipte&#124;link=Egipte_Llengües_d&#039;Egipte" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Lleng%C3%BCes_d%27Egipte" title="Plantilla:Llengües d'Egipte"><img 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