Research Stories | City University of Hong Kong

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" /> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="description" content="Looking for the latest research articles? Research articles are key elements in CityU's strategy to become a leading university in the region. Learn more!" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/research/stories" /> <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en" /> <meta name="robots" content="index, nofollow" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://template.cityu.edu.hk/template/img/logos/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://template.cityu.edu.hk/template/img/logos/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="City University of Hong Kong" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/research/stories" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Research Stories | City University of Hong Kong" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Looking for the latest research articles? Research articles are key elements in CityU's strategy to become a leading university in the region. Learn more!" /> <meta property="og:email" content="webmaster@cityu.edu.hk" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" /> <style>div#sliding-popup, div#sliding-popup .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab {background: #0779bf} div#sliding-popup.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper { background: transparent; } #sliding-popup h1, #sliding-popup h2, #sliding-popup h3, #sliding-popup p, #sliding-popup label, #sliding-popup div, .eu-cookie-compliance-more-button, .eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { color: #ffffff;} .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { border-color: #ffffff;}</style> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge" /> <link rel="icon" href="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/themes/site/cityu/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/research/stories" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-hant" href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/zh-hk/research/stories" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-hans" href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/zh-cn/research/stories" /> <title>Research Stories | City University of Hong Kong</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/css/css_92rJqmbvIqc_mERaIWDLk1JsEjCeajsiooz8sgZtR5A.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=cityu&include=eJxtUNuSwyAI_SEbP8lBJZYtBkewm_z9mrYv2_aBy7kMAySyYwRV8TNcOpFPqgEzmXSnhxpWH0HxKYazDXbFir6wROCL2sG0FRdFTK1Dm57eSd715_CvJFO5WpTd4W6TvvncRwNeXtDhCEnkRjhLbUywJfTfyJBxhcHmikjhuSgUX6z-h1De8QI_sLuV2LD7BM1INnenjBKwRsxhJeTsO2qTTemOl4c4Lfir_pGXKnkwfn4hdoSc-qjxUzuP0z-L2ZhV" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/css/css_vSC00IFnUZumP9aFj7J3o3Q5PfLEYIMrUrSwEMh9ioM.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=cityu&include=eJxtUNuSwyAI_SEbP8lBJZYtBkewm_z9mrYv2_aBy7kMAySyYwRV8TNcOpFPqgEzmXSnhxpWH0HxKYazDXbFir6wROCL2sG0FRdFTK1Dm57eSd715_CvJFO5WpTd4W6TvvncRwNeXtDhCEnkRjhLbUywJfTfyJBxhcHmikjhuSgUX6z-h1De8QI_sLuV2LD7BM1INnenjBKwRsxhJeTsO2qTTemOl4c4Lfir_pGXKnkwfn4hdoSc-qjxUzuP0z-L2ZhV" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fancyapps/fancybox@3.5.6/dist/jquery.fancybox.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/css/css_h1VGzXHJU3XgApOlj7zC4mX4eXRCSWkQAAISR-ej6WQ.css?delta=3&language=en&theme=cityu&include=eJxtUNuSwyAI_SEbP8lBJZYtBkewm_z9mrYv2_aBy7kMAySyYwRV8TNcOpFPqgEzmXSnhxpWH0HxKYazDXbFir6wROCL2sG0FRdFTK1Dm57eSd715_CvJFO5WpTd4W6TvvncRwNeXtDhCEnkRjhLbUywJfTfyJBxhcHmikjhuSgUX6z-h1De8QI_sLuV2LD7BM1INnenjBKwRsxhJeTsO2qTTemOl4c4Lfir_pGXKnkwfn4hdoSc-qjxUzuP0z-L2ZhV" /> </head> <body class="add-lightbox layout-no-sidebars page-node-85041 path-node node--type-cityu-normal-page"> <a href="#main-wrapper" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <a href="#navbar-main" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to menu </a> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5DQDL4DF" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div id="page-wrapper"> <div id="page"> <section class="row region region-notice-bar"> <div id="block-cityu-notice-bar" data-block-plugin-id="cityu_notice_bar" class="block block-cityu-notice block-cityu-notice-bar"> <div class="content"> </div> </div> </section> <header id="header" class="header" role="banner" aria-label="Site header"> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar" id="navbar-top"> <section class="region region-top-header"> <a href="/" title="Home" rel="home" class="navbar-brand"> <img src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/themes/site/cityu/images/logo-coloured-2019.svg" alt="Home" class="img-fluid d-inline-block align-top" /> </a> </section> </nav> <nav class="navbar navbar-dark navbar-expand-lg" id="navbar-main"> <div data-block-plugin-id="cityu_search_icon" class="block block-cityu-search-index block-cityu-search-icon"> <div class="content"> <a href="//www.cityu.edu.hk/cityusearch" class="search">Search</a> </div> </div> <button class="navbar-toggler navbar-toggler-right" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#CollapsingNavbar" aria-controls="CollapsingNavbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"><span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span></button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="CollapsingNavbar"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-cityu-main-menu-menu" id="block-cityu-main-menu" data-block-plugin-id="menu_block:cityu-main-menu" class="block block-menu navigation menu--cityu-main-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-cityu-main-menu-menu">Main Menu</h2> <ul class="menu menu-level-0"> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2406"><span>About CityUHK</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="cityu-menu-left col-lg-5"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-title field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item">About CityUHK</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>We are a leading global university.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <a href="/about" target="_self"> <img src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_cityu_main_menu_image_314_170/public/2019-02/C01-088.jpg?h=51976ba6&itok=gNOXdOzY" width="314" height="170" alt="" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-cityu-main-menu-image-314-170" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/about">Explore this section</a></div> </div> <div class="cityu-menu-right col-lg-7"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/welcome" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/111"><span>President's Welcome</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/vision-and-mission" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/51"><span>Vision and Mission</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/basic-principle-of-academic-governance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/98811"><span>Basic Principle of Academic Governance</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/about/governance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66"><span>Governance</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/governance/principal-officers" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/84426"><span>Principal Officers</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/cuc/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>The Council<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/court/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>The Court<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/arro/senate/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Senate<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/mb/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Management Board<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/administration" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1071"><span>University Administration</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/about/notable-scholars" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89261"><span>Notable Scholars</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/notable-scholars/academicians" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/87226"><span>Academicians</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/hkias-senior-fellows" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/87231"><span>HKIAS Senior Fellows</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/honorary-award-holders" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/87566"><span>Honorary Award Holders</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/president" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89331"><span>President's Corner</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/president/about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/121"><span>About the President</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/cityu-at-a-glance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/76"><span>CityUHK at a Glance</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="http://www.cityu.edu.hk/fnf/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Facts and Figures<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/ciro/cityu-brand/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>CityUHK Brand<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/about/campus" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86"><span>Campus Information</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/about/campus/getting-to-cityu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/641"><span>Getting to CityU</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/campus/map" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/161"><span>Campus Map</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/visit/way-finding-system-on-campus" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/106496"><span>Way-finder System on Campus</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/campus/opening-hours" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/656"><span>Opening Hours</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/social-responsibility" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/96"><span>Social Responsibility</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/careers" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/101"><span>Careers at CityUHK</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/admissions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16"><span>Admissions</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="cityu-menu-left col-lg-5"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-title field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item">Admissions</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Partnerships spanning all over the world.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <a href="/admissions" target="_self"> <img src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_cityu_main_menu_image_314_170/public/2019-02/SL01-051.jpg?h=d3c6e7b0&itok=BxoUgIx7" width="314" height="170" alt="world" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-cityu-main-menu-image-314-170" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/admissions">Explore this section</a></div> </div> <div class="cityu-menu-right col-lg-7"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/admissions/ug" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3246"><span>Undergraduate</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/pg/taught-postgraduate-programmes" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Master’s Programmes<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/pg/professional-doctorate-programmes" class="menu-external-link"><span>Professional Doctorate<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/pg/research-degree-programmes" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Research Degree<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/admissions/others" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3241"><span>Other Admissions</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/admissions/scholarship" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2746"><span>Scholarships</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/admissions/tuition-and-financial-aids" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/936"><span>Tuition and Financial Aids</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/admissions/enquiries" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/201"><span>Admissions Enquiries</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/academic" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/21"><span>Academics</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="cityu-menu-left col-lg-5"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-title field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item">Academics</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Nurturing student talent.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <a href="/academic" target="_self"> <img src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_cityu_main_menu_image_314_170/public/2019-02/SL01-137.jpg?h=57fa6c8f&itok=zQNgfyCr" width="314" height="170" alt="help" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-cityu-main-menu-image-314-170" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/academic">Explore this section</a></div> </div> <div class="cityu-menu-right col-lg-7"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academic/colleges-schools-and-departments" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/231"><span>Colleges, Schools and Departments</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academic/associated-offices" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2761"><span>Academic Supporting Offices</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academic/research-and-teaching-integration" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91606"><span>Integration of Research and Teaching</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academic/planning" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89351"><span>Academic Planning</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academic/quality-assurance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2756"><span>Quality Assurance </span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academic/regulations" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85961"><span>Academic Regulations</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academic/catalogue" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/941"><span>Programme and Course Catalogue</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/26"><span>Research</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="cityu-menu-left col-lg-5"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-title field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item">Research</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Enhancing life through research.</p> </div> </div> <div class="cityu-menu-right col-lg-7"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/overarching-research-themes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/241"><span>Overarching Research Themes</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/centres" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91561"><span>Institutes, Centres and Laboratories</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/research/resources" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/251"><span>Research Support and Grants</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/innovation-enterprise" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/133156"><span> Innovation and Enterprise</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.hkias.cityu.edu.hk" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/key-lectures" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/88661"><span>Key Lectures</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/cityu-scholars" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/821"><span>CityU Scholars</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/research/stories" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041" class="is-active"><span>Latest Research</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/student-life" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/36"><span>Student Life</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="cityu-menu-left col-lg-5"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-title field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item">Student Life</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Building multicultural friendships.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <a href="/student-life" target="_self"> <img src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_cityu_main_menu_image_314_170/public/2019-02/SL01-145.jpg?h=54051ff5&itok=V3vIjo3_" width="314" height="170" alt="girls" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-cityu-main-menu-image-314-170" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/student-life">Explore this section</a></div> </div> <div class="cityu-menu-right col-lg-7"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/student-life/multi-dimensional-campus-experience" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/87576"><span>Multi-Dimensional Campus Experience</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/student-life/global-learning-experience" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2816"><span>Global Learning Experience</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/student-life/career" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/311"><span>Career Development and Employability </span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/student-life/caring" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2821"><span>Caring for You</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/student-life/facilities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/301"><span>Student Facilities</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/student-life/living" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/306"><span>Living at CityUHK</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/studentlife/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Student Life<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/alumni" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1061"><span>Alumni</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-alumni menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-Alumni"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="cityu-menu-left col-lg-5"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-title field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item">Alumni</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Strengthening the bond between you and the University.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <a href="/alumni" target="_self"> <img src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_cityu_main_menu_image_314_170/public/2019-02/SL01-114.jpg?h=d6539c56&itok=EQDsFeSw" width="314" height="170" alt="smile" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-cityu-main-menu-image-314-170" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/alumni">Explore this section</a></div> </div> <div class="cityu-menu-right col-lg-7"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="http://www.cityu.edu.hk/aro/agc/" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Alumni Giving<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/aro/main/benefits/oncampus.htm" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Alumni Benefits<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/aro/daa/index.html#!/01" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Distinguished Alumni Award<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/giving" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/46"><span>Giving</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="cityu-menu-left col-lg-5"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-title field--type-text field--label-hidden field__item">Giving</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-cityu-menu-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Make a difference with your generous gift.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <a href="/giving" target="_self"> <img src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_cityu_main_menu_image_314_170/public/2023-12/Photo%202.jpg?h=6a2e7b2d&itok=NrFRJoZ4" width="314" height="170" alt="thumbnail_20231227" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-cityu-main-menu-image-314-170" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-cityu-menu-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/giving">Explore this section</a></div> </div> <div class="cityu-menu-right col-lg-7"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/giving/impact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89341"><span>Impact of Giving</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/giving/what-to-support" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/321"><span>What to Support</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/giving/ways-of-support" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/326"><span>Ways of Giving</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> <ul class="menu menu-level-2"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/giving/contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86696"><span>Contact Us</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-2 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/giving/recognition" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/331"><span>Recognition and Thanks for the Supporters</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/giving/express-donation-intent" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/471"><span>Express Donation Intent</span></a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentcityu-main-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-1 menu-type-default"> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-cityu-header-menu-menu" id="block-cityu-header-menu" data-block-plugin-id="menu_block:cityu-header-menu" class="block block-menu navigation menu--cityu-header-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-cityu-header-menu-menu">Supp. Menu</h2> <ul data-region="primary_menu" class="clearfix nav"> <li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/directories" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89321"><span>Directories<i class=""></i></span></a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="nav-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/directories/people" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89326"><span>People<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/about/administration" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1071"><span>University Administration<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/index" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/336"><span>All Offices & Departments<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/academic" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1066"><span>Academic Units<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/admin" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2371"><span>Administrative & Supporting Units<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/catering" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/636"><span>Catering Outlets<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/social-media" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/346"><span>Social Media<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/useful" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/106"><span>Useful Contacts<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/contact" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/118631"><span>Contact Us<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/calendar" class="nav-link"><span>Calendar & Events<i class=""></i></span></a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/calendar/event" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/246"><span>Calendar & Events<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/calendar/academic" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1026"><span>Academic Calendars<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/visit" class="nav-link"><span>Visit CityUHK<i class=""></i></span></a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/visit/visit-cityu" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/366"><span>Visit CityUHK<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/about/campus/getting-to-cityu" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/641"><span>Getting to CityUHK<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/about/campus/map" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/161"><span>Campus Map<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/visit/way-finding-system-on-campus" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/106496"><span>Way-finding System on Campus<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://goo.gl/maps/U9m7rnz2hY22" class="nav-link"><span>View on Google Maps<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/tour/" class="nav-link"><span>Virtual Tour<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/cdo/download/CampusDirectory.pdf" class="nav-link" target="_blank"><span>Printable Map<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/bg" target="_blank" class="nav-link"><span>Indra and Harry Banga Gallery<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/catering" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/636"><span>Catering Outlets<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/student-life/living" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/306"><span>Students Accommodation<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/fmo/default.aspx?PageID=quarters" class="nav-link"><span>Visitors Accommodation<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.lodge.cityu.edu.hk/" class="nav-link"><span>CityU LODGE<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/cityualbum/" class="nav-link"><span>Photo Album<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/ciro/GiftShop/" title="CityUHK Gift Shop" class="nav-link"><span>CityUHK Gift Shop<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/media" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89466"><span>News & Media<i class=""></i></span></a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/media/news" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/93626"><span>NewsCentre<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/media/cityu-in-the-news" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83071"><span>CityUHK in the News<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/media/press-release" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83081"><span>Press Releases<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/media/press-invitation" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/83096"><span>Press Invitations<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/stories" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/31"><span>Meet Our People<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/media/publication" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/991"><span>University Publications<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-cityu-quick-links-menu" id="block-cityu-quick-links" data-block-plugin-id="menu_block:cityu-quick-links" class="block block-menu navigation menu--cityu-quick-links"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-cityu-quick-links-menu">Quick Links</h2> <ul class="clearfix nav"> <li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="" class="nav-link"><span>QUICK LINKS<i class=""></i></span></a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/cityu30th/" class="nav-link"><span>CityUHK 30th Anniversary<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/ciro/Global-Collaborations/" title="Global Collaborations" class="nav-link"><span>Global Collaborations<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/ciro/CityU_Heroes/index.htm" class="nav-link"><span>CityUHK Heroes<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://banweb.cityu.edu.hk/" class="nav-link"><span>AIMS<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://canvas.cityu.edu.hk" class="nav-link"><span>Canvas<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://cap.cityu.edu.hk/studentlan/" class="nav-link"><span>CAP<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://email.cityu.edu.hk" class="nav-link"><span>Email<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/portal/" class="nav-link"><span>Portal<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://www.cityu.edu.hk/lib/" title="Run Run Shaw Library" class="nav-link"><span>Library<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://libguides.library.cityu.edu.hk/cityuscholars/" class="nav-link"><span>CityU Scholars<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/cityvod/" title="CityU Video-on-Demand" class="nav-link"><span>CityVoD<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://wiki.cityu.edu.hk/" class="nav-link"><span>CityUWiki<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://myprofile.its.cityu.edu.hk/profile/password" class="nav-link"><span>Change Password<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="" class="nav-link"><span>SEARCH<i class=""></i></span></a> <ul class="menu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/cityusearch/" target="_blank" class="nav-link"><span>Full Site Search<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/people/academic" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/136"><span>Academic Staff<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/kto/industry/find-new-opportunities-our-ip-portal" class="nav-link" target="_self"><span>Technology Search<i class=""></i></span></a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="language-switcher-language-url block block-language block-language-blocklanguage-interface" id="block-cityu-languageswitcher" role="navigation" data-block-plugin-id="language_block:language_interface"> <div class="content"> <ul class="links"><li hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041" class="en is-active"><a href="/research/stories" class="language-link is-active" hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041">ENG</a></li><li hreflang="zh-hant" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041" class="zh-hant"><a href="/zh-hk/research/stories" class="language-link" hreflang="zh-hant" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041">繁</a></li><li hreflang="zh-hans" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041" class="zh-hans"><a href="/zh-cn/research/stories" class="language-link" hreflang="zh-hans" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041">简</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="header-polygon"></div> </header> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div id="main-wrapper" class="layout-main-wrapper clearfix"> <div id="block-cityu-content" data-block-plugin-id="system_main_block" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <div class="content"> <article class="node node--type-cityu_normal_page node--view-mode-full clearfix"> <div> <div class="layout layout-normal-page"> <div data-block-plugin-id="system_breadcrumb_block" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <div class="content"> <div class="section-breadcrumb"> <nav role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumb" class="container"> <div class="breadcrumb"> <div class="breadcrumb-position"> <div class="breadcrumb-home"> <a href="/"></a> </div> <div class="breadcrumb-others"> <a href="/" class="breadcrumb-first">Home</a> <span></span> <a href="/research">Research</a> <span></span> <a href="javascript:;" class="active"> Research Stories </a> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--main"> <div class="container container-transform"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-9 region-lg-9"> <div class="region-special-one"> <div class="block-region-main"><div class="block block-ctools-block block-entity-fieldnodebody" data-block-plugin-id="entity_field:node:body"> <div class="content"> <div class="fluid-padding"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden cityu-page-content field__item"><h1 class="ck-list-title">Research Stories</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-element-container block block-views block-views-blockcityu-news-list-block-5" data-block-plugin-id="views_block:cityu_news_list-block_5"> <div class="content"> <div><div class="col view view-cityu-news-list view-id-cityu_news_list view-display-id-block_5 js-view-dom-id-c7836d3291c41bf4d01e9a30d6c5dde7df261c07f4c684ccb67eb58b2f616677"> <div class="view-header"> <strong>Showing 1 to 10 of 268 results</strong> </div> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-10/Photo_3_thumbnail.png?itok=RiBCwSZT" width="192" height="144" alt="Reducing Energy Loss in Metal Nanostructures" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-10-10T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">10 Oct 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/10/10/reducing-energy-loss-metal-nanostructures" hreflang="en">Reducing Energy Loss in Metal Nanostructures</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">Researchers at City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) have made a groundbreaking discovery, significantly reducing energy loss in metal nanostructures. By altering the geometrical dimensions of these structures, researchers have unlocked their full potential, paving the way for the development of more powerful and efficient nanoscale optical devices.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-09/Photo%203_thumbnail_v1.jpg?itok=o167JhyP" width="192" height="144" alt="Professor Johnny C. Ho, Associate Vice-President (Enterprise) and Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at CityUHK, led the study." typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-09-26T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">26 Sep 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/09/26/enhancing-semiconductor-functionality-teseo-materials-future-electronics" hreflang="en">Enhancing semiconductor functionality with TeSeO Materials for future electronics</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">In most inorganic semiconductors, electrons serve as the primary charge carriers, which limits the development of complementary devices and circuits. A recent study by City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) researchers has made significant strides in enhancing the mobility of positively charged carriers, known as "holes", in inorganic semiconductors. The research team achieved this breakthrough by employing an innovative inorganic blending strategy, combining various intrinsic p-type inorganic materials into a single compound, called tellurium-selenium-oxygen (TeSeO).</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-08/Photo_3_thumbnail_0.png?itok=uHSC-0lm" width="192" height="144" alt="Hydrogel device enables painless transdermal delivery of nucleic acids" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-08-15T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">15 Aug 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/08/15/hydrogel-device-enables-painless-transdermal-delivery-nucleic-acids" hreflang="en">Hydrogel device enables painless transdermal delivery of nucleic acids</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">Nucleic acid (NA)-based medicine has been a focal point of research over the past two decades and has shown immense promise for both therapeutics and vaccines. The rapid development and deployment of NA-based vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic underscored their potential. However, the efficient in vivo delivery of these nucleic acids, particularly when cytosolic delivery is required without leaving residual materials in the body, has remained unsolved.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-06/Photo_2_thumbnail.jpg?itok=JnZHN40b" width="192" height="144" alt="Unveiling the secret of the stingray's electric blue" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-07-18T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">18 Jul 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/07/18/unveiling-secret-stingrays-electric-blue" hreflang="en">Unveiling the secret of the stingray's electric blue</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) researchers have uncovered a unique mechanism for producing the brilliant blue skin of ribbontail stingrays. This discovery sheds light on how nature can create vibrant colors through the particular arrangements of nanostructures, a process known as structural coloration. This research delves into the fascinating world of natural optics, revealing a novel approach to color production that could inspire new technologies for creating robust, chemistry-free colors on a variety of materials.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-07/Photo%204_thumbnail%20%282%29.jpg?itok=tWjgz9Lg" width="192" height="144" alt="abc" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-07-04T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">4 Jul 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/07/04/innovative-solar-steam-generation-breakthrough" hreflang="en">Innovative solar steam generation breakthrough</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">Solar steam generation (SSG) is recognized as a sustainable technology for seawater desalination, but its practical applications have been hampered by salt fouling, which compromises the evaporation performance and lifespan of evaporators. Addressing this issue, a research team from City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) has developed a groundbreaking solution - a hierarchical salt-rejection (HSR) strategy that prevents salt precipitation during long-term evaporation, even in high-salinity brine. This innovative research is a significant step forward in advancing various applications such as resource recovery and offshore farming, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable future.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-06/Thumbnail.png?itok=cde_c1fA" width="192" height="144" alt="CityU researchers discover eco-friendly way to make ceramics inspired by nature" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-06-27T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">27 Jun 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/06/27/cityuhk-researchers-discover-eco-friendly-way-make-ceramics-inspired-nature" hreflang="en">CityUHK researchers discover eco-friendly way to make ceramics inspired by nature</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">Modern technology typically uses high temperatures to manage the hydration of ceramics, but even the latest methods can only control overall hydration. In contrast, nature can create bioceramics with customizable hydration profiles and crystallization traits under mild conditions.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-06/Thumbnail.jpg?itok=NHqPSoBA" width="192" height="144" alt="CityUHK creates novel metallic glass with dual-high strength and ductility" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-06-18T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">18 Jun 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/06/18/cityuhk-creates-novel-metallic-glass-dual-high-strength-and-ductility" hreflang="en">CityUHK creates novel metallic glass with dual-high strength and ductility</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) has recently developed a new multi-principal element metallic glass that shatters previous limitations of tensile ductility. This novel glass is twice as ductile as traditional metallic glasses, and its strength nearly doubles when stretched. The key to this extraordinary property lies in the unique structural evolution of the glass during deformation, which causes it to harden rather than soften, making it significantly more resistant to sudden breakage under tension. The findings surpass limitations of tensile ductility in metallic glasses and provide a promising pathway to create strong and ductile glasses.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-06/thumbnail_1.png?itok=Gd-t8xqK" width="192" height="144" alt="Hydromechanical strategy for aligned 2D material growth" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-06-06T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">6 Jun 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/06/06/unlocking-transformative-potential-2d-materials-advance-next-generation-electronics" hreflang="en">Unlocking the transformative potential of 2D materials to advance next-generation electronics</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">Van der Waals (vdW) dielectrics are widely used in nanoelectronics to preserve the intrinsic properties of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors. However, achieving aligned growth of 2D semiconductors and their direct utilization on original vdWs epitaxial dielectrics to avoid disorders poses significant challenges. To overcome these challenges, researchers from the City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) developed a hydromechanical strategy for aligned 2D material synthesis, pushing forward high-performance devices with as-grown 2D materials/vdWs dielectrics.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-05/Photo%201_Thumbnail.jpg?itok=w00zN1Mn" width="192" height="144" alt="Low-Temperature Pulse Irradiation Technique Enables Flexible Optoelectronic Devices" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-05-16T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">16 May 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/05/16/low-temperature-pulse-irradiation-technique-enables-flexible-optoelectronic-devices" hreflang="en">Low-Temperature Pulse Irradiation Technique Enables Flexible Optoelectronic Devices</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">The synthesis of metallic inorganic compound thin films typically requires high-temperature processes, which hampers their applications on flexible substrates. Recently, a research team at City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) developed a pulse irradiation technique that synthesizes a variety of thin films in an extremely short time under ultra-low temperature. The strategy effectively addresses the compatibility and cost issues of traditional high-temperature synthesis, and the prepared thermoelectric films exhibit excellent optoelectronic performance in the visible and near-infrared spectrum range, which is promising for wearable electronics and integrated optoelectronic circuits.</span> </div></span></div> </div> <div class="views-row"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-thumbnail"><span class="field-content"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/styles/crop_news_block_192_144/public/2024-04/Photo_6_Thumbnail.jpeg?itok=hZtCdA7v" width="192" height="144" alt="CityUHK researchers develop mask-inspired perovskite smart windows to enhance weather resistance and energy efficiency" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-crop-news-block-192-144" /> </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-nothing list-info"><span class="field-content"><div class="views-field views-field-created"> <span class="field-content"><time datetime="2024-04-25T12:00:00Z" class="datetime">25 Apr 2024</time> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/research/stories/2024/04/25/cityuhk-researchers-develop-mask-inspired-perovskite-smart-windows-enhance-weather-resistance-and-energy-efficiency" hreflang="en">CityUHK researchers develop mask-inspired perovskite smart windows to enhance weather resistance and energy efficiency</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-field-cityu-news-summary"> <span class="field-content">Thermochromic perovskite is a new color switch material used in energy-saving smart windows. Despite its potential for energy savings, thermochromic perovskite suffers from poor weather resistance, susceptibility to water damage, and high optical haze, limiting its practical application. To overcome these challenges, researchers from City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) developed a breathable, weather-resistant, low-haze perovskite smart window inspired by medical masks, pushing forward the wide applications of smart windows in green buildings.</span> </div></span></div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="Page navigation"> <h4 id="pagination-heading" class="visually-hidden">Pagination</h4> <ul class="pagination"> <div> </div> <div class="page-item-main"> <li class="page-item active"> <span class="page-link page-number">1</span> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=1" title="" class="page-link page-number">2</a> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=2" title="" class="page-link page-number">3</a> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=3" title="" class="page-link page-number">4</a> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=4" title="" class="page-link page-number">5</a> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=5" title="" class="page-link page-number">6</a> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=6" title="" class="page-link page-number">7</a> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=7" title="" class="page-link page-number">8</a> </li> <li class="page-item "> <a href="?page=8" title="" class="page-link page-number">9</a> </li> <li class="page-item page-more" role="presentation"> <span class="page-link">…</span> </li> </div> <div> <li class="pager__item--next"> <a href="?page=1" title="Go to next page" rel="next" class="page-link news-list-page-link"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-angle-right"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next ›</span> </a> </li> </div> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-3"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--sidebar"> <div class="block-region-sidebar"><div class="sidebar-place" aria-labelledby="-menu" class="block block-menu navigation" data-block-plugin-id="menu_block:cityu-main-menu"> <div class="nav-sidebar"> <a class="nav-sidebar-btn collapsed" href="#navSidebarVal" data-toggle="collapse" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample" > <p class="nav-sidebar-normal"></p> <span></span> </a> <nav role="navigation" id="navSidebarVal" class="collapse"> <h2 class="sr-only" id="-menu">Main Menu</h2> <ul class="menu menu-level-0"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/overarching-research-themes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/241"><span>Overarching Research Themes</span></a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/centres" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91561"><span>Institutes, Centres and Laboratories</span></a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/research/resources" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/251"><span>Research Support and Grants</span></a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/innovation-enterprise" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/133156"><span> Innovation and Enterprise</span></a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.hkias.cityu.edu.hk" class="menu-external-link" target="_blank"><span>Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study<i class="far fa-external-link"></i></span></a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/key-lectures" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/88661"><span>Key Lectures</span></a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/cityu-scholars" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/821"><span>CityU Scholars</span></a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/research/stories" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/85041" class="is-active"><span>Latest Research</span></a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div id="main" class="container" role="main"> <div class="row row-offcanvas row-offcanvas-left clearfix"> <main class="main-content col" id="content" role="main"> <section class="section"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> </section> </main> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="site-footer" role="footer"> <div class="site-footer__top clearfix"> <div class="container"> <section class="row region region-footer-first"> <div id="block-cityu-footer-logo" class="col-lg-2 block block-block-content block-block-content431f564f-f8b5-4964-bfa1-e4d318e5b60c" data-quickedit-entity-id="block_content/1" data-block-plugin-id="block_content:431f564f-f8b5-4964-bfa1-e4d318e5b60c"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><a href="/"><img alt="City University of Hong Kong (CityU)" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0a0fcbe1-5921-4825-afd6-2ea01aaa9777" src="//template.cityu.edu.hk/template/logo/CityU/CityU_Vertical_Logo_Reverse.svg"></a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-cityu-contact-us" class="col-lg-5 block block-block-content block-block-content6c2d4144-21bb-471d-83e9-bcd3953da511" data-quickedit-entity-id="block_content/701" data-block-plugin-id="block_content:6c2d4144-21bb-471d-83e9-bcd3953da511"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="footer-contact-us"> <h4>City University of Hong Kong</h4> <div class="locate">Tat Chee Avenue<br> Kowloon, Hong Kong</div> <div class="contact"> <div class="general-enquiries"><i class="far fa-phone"> </i>General enquiries: <a href="tel:+852 3442 7654">+852 3442-7654</a></div> <div class="emergency-phone"><i class="far fa-exclamation-circle"> </i>24-hour emergency: <a href="tel:+852 3442 8888">+852 3442-8888</a></div> <div class="maps-and-directions"><i class="far fa-map-marker-alt"> </i><a href="/about/campus/map" target="_blank">Maps and directions</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-cityu-footer-menu-menu" id="block-cityu-footer-menu" class="col-lg-4 block block-menu navigation menu--cityu-footer-menu" data-block-plugin-id="system_menu_block:cityu-footer-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-cityu-footer-menu-menu">Footer Menu</h2> <ul class="clearfix nav"> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/contact" class="nav-link nav-link--directories-contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/118631">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/directories/useful" class="nav-link nav-link--directories-useful" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/106">Useful Contacts</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/web/accessibility" class="nav-link nav-link--web-accessibility" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1006"> Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/web/privacy" class="nav-link nav-link--web-privacy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1011">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/web/copyright" class="nav-link nav-link--web-copyright" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89401">Copyright</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/web/disclaimer" class="nav-link nav-link--web-disclaimer" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1016">Disclaimer</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/web/logo-name-policy" class="nav-link nav-link--web-logo-name-policy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1021">Logo/Name Policy</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/calendar/academic" class="nav-link nav-link--calendar-academic" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1026">Academic Calendar</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a href="/about/careers" class="nav-link nav-link--about-careers" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/101">Careers</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </section> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__bottom"> <div class="container"> <section class="region region-footer-fifth"> <div id="block-cityu-social-link" data-quickedit-entity-id="block_content/4" data-block-plugin-id="block_content:e0031f5d-b58a-4c7f-a0d6-df62c9a839ef" class="block block-block-content block-block-contente0031f5d-b58a-4c7f-a0d6-df62c9a839ef"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="social-icons"> <p><a href="https://www.facebook.com/cityuniversityhongkong/" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-facebook fa-2x"> </i></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/cityuhongkong/" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-instagram fa-2x"> </i></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/CityUHongKong" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-youtube fa-2x"> </i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/cityu/" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-linkedin fa-2x"> </i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/CityUHongKong" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-twitter fa-2x"> </i></a> <a href="https://www.weibo.com/cityuhongkong?is_hot=1" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-weibo fa-2x"> </i></a> <a href="https://www.cityu.edu.hk/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/CityU_wechat_QR_Code.jpg" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-weixin fa-2x"> </i></a></p> </div> <style type="text/css">footer .social-icons i { font-size: 1.5rem; } </style> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-cityu-copyright" data-quickedit-entity-id="block_content/16" data-block-plugin-id="block_content:1114c64c-a5e4-4f2d-8359-7c00de08599f" class="block block-block-content block-block-content1114c64c-a5e4-4f2d-8359-7c00de08599f"> <div class="content"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>© 2019 City University of Hong Kong. All Rights Reserved.</p> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div id="backTop"> <image src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/themes/site/cityu/images/top.png" alt="Back to top" /> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/85041","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en","cityuTheme":"sites\/g\/files\/asqsls3821\/themes\/site\/cityu"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJxtjl2SAyEIhC9kxiNZqIxhg4MlmJ25_Zqfl8zmAaj-GqiOIqbWoYUIvZP42BFy6qNGF89eYYnAF7WDaSv__Ulv6hLZMXxSDZjJpL_B6fgFmcrVouwvOf8oBrtixa_rQVX8LIcjJJEb4Ry1McGW0H-DIeMKg83hbo90PvfRgJe3dCuxYfcJmpFsrogUngmg-DLbWS_wA_snrE4PNaz-Ed3dKaMErBFzWAk5-47aZFO64-VpzhX8Vf_sS5U8GP8AMsGYVQ","theme":"cityu","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"gtm":{"tagId":null,"settings":{"data_layer":"dataLayer","include_classes":false,"allowlist_classes":"google\nnonGooglePixels\nnonGoogleScripts\nnonGoogleIframes","blocklist_classes":"customScripts\ncustomPixels","include_environment":false,"environment_id":"","environment_token":""},"tagIds":["GTM-5DQDL4DF"]},"gtag":{"tagId":"","otherIds":[],"events":[],"additionalConfigInfo":[]},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":true,"extTargetNoOverride":true,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":false,"extExclude":"(?:\\\/\\\/(www|wwwstaging)\\.cityu\\.edu\\.hk\\\/(about|admissions|academic|research|student-life|alumni|giving|directories|calendar|president|visit|news|stories|testimonials|taxonomy|user|admin)(\\\/[A-Za-z0-9\\-\\._~:\\\/\\?#\\[\\]@!$\u0026\u0027\$\$\\*\\+,;\\=]*)?)","extInclude":"www\\.cityu\\.edu\\.hk\\\/(cpro)(\\\/|\\\/.*)?","extCssExclude":".nav-sidebar a, .ck-link-external, .no-external-icon, .poi-location, .social-icons","extCssExplicit":"ul.content-link-list li, .layout-normal-page .content p, .layout-normal-page .region-special-one p, .layout-normal-page .region-special-one ul li, .block-region-sidebar .cityu-menu-right ul.menu li.menu-item, .block-region-sidebar .sidebar-place nav ul.menu li.menu-item, .cityu-page-content .cityu-table table td, .ck-button-link","extAlert":false,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site. We are not responsible for their content.","mailtoClass":"0","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":true,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"ext","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"eu_cookie_compliance":{"cookie_policy_version":"1.0.0","popup_enabled":true,"popup_agreed_enabled":false,"popup_hide_agreed":false,"popup_clicking_confirmation":false,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--default\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EWe use cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EMore Information\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EOK, I agree\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--default\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EMore Information\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EOK, I agree\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","mobile_breakpoint":768,"popup_html_agreed":false,"popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":1000,"popup_link":"https:\/\/www.cityu.edu.hk\/web\/privacy","popup_link_new_window":false,"popup_position":false,"fixed_top_position":true,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":false,"cookie_name":"acceptcookie","reload_page":false,"domain":"","domain_all_sites":true,"popup_eu_only":false,"popup_eu_only_js":false,"cookie_lifetime":365,"cookie_session":0,"set_cookie_session_zero_on_disagree":0,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":false,"method":"default","automatic_cookies_removal":true,"allowed_cookies":"","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYou have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button \u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","withdraw_enabled":false,"reload_options":0,"reload_routes_list":"","withdraw_button_on_info_popup":false,"cookie_categories":[],"cookie_categories_details":[],"enable_save_preferences_button":true,"cookie_value_disagreed":"0","cookie_value_agreed_show_thank_you":"2","cookie_value_agreed":"1","containing_element":"body","settings_tab_enabled":false,"olivero_primary_button_classes":"","olivero_secondary_button_classes":"","close_button_action":"close_banner","open_by_default":true,"modules_allow_popup":true,"hide_the_banner":false,"geoip_match":true},"ajax":[],"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"cf83929db1a3bc559ff1c429fb1d88c8a05dc22221c6585c6bc95222ba890088"}}</script> <script src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/js/js_7TQlE4oEVUYvcWjfZiMnsfMcDKx2LNXg13Mw_breIm4.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=cityu&include=eJxtUNuSwyAI_SEbP8lBJZYtBkewm_z9mrYv2_aBy7kMAySyYwRV8TNcOpFPqgEzmXSnhxpWH0HxKYazDXbFir6wROCL2sG0FRdFTK1Dm57eSd715_CvJFO5WpTd4W6TvvncRwNeXtDhCEnkRjhLbUywJfTfyJBxhcHmikjhuSgUX6z-h1De8QI_sLuV2LD7BM1INnenjBKwRsxhJeTsO2qTTemOl4c4Lfir_pGXKnkwfn4hdoSc-qjxUzuP0z-L2ZhV"></script> <script src="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fancyapps/fancybox@3.5.6/dist/jquery.fancybox.min.js"></script> <script src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/js/js_lBsHPD8QGEnSVTGAXxZgVl6b6L4QBrF-Qb6wb2hdKtA.js?scope=footer&delta=2&language=en&theme=cityu&include=eJxtUNuSwyAI_SEbP8lBJZYtBkewm_z9mrYv2_aBy7kMAySyYwRV8TNcOpFPqgEzmXSnhxpWH0HxKYazDXbFir6wROCL2sG0FRdFTK1Dm57eSd715_CvJFO5WpTd4W6TvvncRwNeXtDhCEnkRjhLbUywJfTfyJBxhcHmikjhuSgUX6z-h1De8QI_sLuV2LD7BM1INnenjBKwRsxhJeTsO2qTTemOl4c4Lfir_pGXKnkwfn4hdoSc-qjxUzuP0z-L2ZhV"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/eu_cookie_compliance/js/eu_cookie_compliance.min.js?v=10.2.4" defer></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?slj8en"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?slj8en"></script> <script src="/sites/g/files/asqsls3821/files/js/js_dnrZvwLYqKyUNFUvrvKSKQGUOTqWWbCDstcfUFLJSZA.js?scope=footer&delta=6&language=en&theme=cityu&include=eJxtUNuSwyAI_SEbP8lBJZYtBkewm_z9mrYv2_aBy7kMAySyYwRV8TNcOpFPqgEzmXSnhxpWH0HxKYazDXbFir6wROCL2sG0FRdFTK1Dm57eSd715_CvJFO5WpTd4W6TvvncRwNeXtDhCEnkRjhLbUywJfTfyJBxhcHmikjhuSgUX6z-h1De8QI_sLuV2LD7BM1INnenjBKwRsxhJeTsO2qTTemOl4c4Lfir_pGXKnkwfn4hdoSc-qjxUzuP0z-L2ZhV"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Research Stories | City University of Hong Kong