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class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">第1周期元素</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。58种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_d%27o_periodo_1" title="Elementos d'o periodo 1 – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Elementos d'o periodo 1" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_1_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="आवर्त 1 तत्व – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="आवर्त 1 तत्व" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89" title="عناصر الدورة الأولى – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عناصر الدورة الأولى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_del_periodu_1" title="Elementos del periodu 1 – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Elementos del periodu 1" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6vri_sistemin_birinci_periodu" title="Dövri sistemin birinci periodu – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dövri sistemin birinci periodu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Периодик системаның беренсе периоды – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Периодик системаның беренсе периоды" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_1_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Период 1 на периодичната система – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Период 1 на периодичната система" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A1_1_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="पीरियड 1 तत्व – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पीरियड 1 तत्व" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B2" title="প্রথম পর্যায়ের মৌল – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রথম পর্যায়ের মৌল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elements_del_per%C3%ADode_1" title="Elements del període 1 – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Elements del període 1" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1._perioda" title="1. perioda – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1. perioda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elfen_cyfnod_1" title="Elfen cyfnod 1 – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Elfen cyfnod 1" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periode_1-grundstof" title="Periode 1-grundstof – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Periode 1-grundstof" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_Elemente_der_ersten_Periode" title="Chemische Elemente der ersten Periode – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chemische Elemente der ersten Periode" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%85_1" title="Στοιχείο Περιόδου 1 – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στοιχείο Περιόδου 1" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period_1_element" title="Period 1 element – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Period 1 element" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_de_periodo_1" title="Elemento de periodo 1 – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elemento de periodo 1" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_del_periodo_1" title="Elementos del periodo 1 – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elementos del periodo 1" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1._periodoko_elementu" title="1. periodoko elementu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1. periodoko elementu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87_%DB%B1_%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="دوره ۱ جدول تناوبی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوره ۱ جدول تناوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakson_1_alkuaine" title="Jakson 1 alkuaine – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jakson 1 alkuaine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9riode_1_du_tableau_p%C3%A9riodique" title="Période 1 du tableau périodique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Période 1 du tableau périodique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periode-1-Element" title="Periode-1-Element – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Periode-1-Element" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perioade_1_(periodyk_systeem)" title="Perioade 1 (periodyk systeem) – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Perioade 1 (periodyk systeem)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_de_periodo_1" title="Elementos de periodo 1 – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Elementos de periodo 1" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_periode_1" title="Unsur periode 1 – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Unsur periode 1" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementi_del_periodo_1" title="Elementi del periodo 1 – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elementi del periodo 1" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第1周期元素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ელემენტთა პერიოდული სისტემის პირველი პერიოდი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელემენტთა პერიოდული სისტემის პირველი პერიოდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%EC%A3%BC%EA%B8%B0_%EC%9B%90%EC%86%8C" title="1주기 원소 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1주기 원소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementum_periodi_primae" title="Elementum periodi primae – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Elementum periodi primae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_del_period_1" title="Element del period 1 – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Element del period 1" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirmojo_periodo_elementas" title="Pirmojo periodo elementas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pirmojo periodo elementas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="I периода на периодниот систем – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="I периода на периодниот систем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="ഒന്നാം പീരീഡ് മൂലകങ്ങൾ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒന്നാം പീരീഡ് മൂലകങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsur_kala_1" title="Unsur kala 1 – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Unsur kala 1" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periode-1-element" title="Periode-1-element – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Periode-1-element" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A1_1_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਪੀਰਡ 1 ਤੱਤ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੀਰਡ 1 ਤੱਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierwiastki_pierwszego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki pierwszego okresu – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pierwiastki pierwszego okresu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ADodo_1_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Período 1 (química) – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Período 1 (química)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementele_perioadei_1" title="Elementele perioadei 1 – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Elementele perioadei 1" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Первый период периодической системы – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Первый период периодической системы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementi_1._periode" title="Elementi 1. periode – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elementi 1. periode" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%86%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA" title="1 වන ආවර්තයේ මූලද්‍රව්‍යය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="1 වන ආවර්තයේ මූලද්‍රව්‍යය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period_1_element" title="Period 1 element – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Period 1 element" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1._peri%C3%B3da" title="1. perióda – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1. perióda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_1._periode" title="Element 1. periode – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Element 1. periode" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1._%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="1. периода хемијских елемената – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1. периода хемијских елемената" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81_1_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கிடைக்குழு 1 தனிமங்கள் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிடைக்குழு 1 தனிமங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_1_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82" title="పీరియడ్ 1 మూలకం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పీరియడ్ 1 మూలకం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A_1" title="ธาตุคาบ 1 – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธาตุคาบ 1" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1._periyot_elementi" title="1. periyot elementi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1. periyot elementi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4_1_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Період 1 періодичної системи елементів – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Період 1 періодичної системи елементів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_chu_k%E1%BB%B3_1" title="Nguyên tố chu kỳ 1 – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nguyên tố chu kỳ 1" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periode-1-element" title="Periode-1-element – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Periode-1-element" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="第1周期元素" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%93-1_chiu-k%C3%AE_go%C3%A2n-s%C3%B2%CD%98" title="Tē-1 chiu-kî goân-sò͘ – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tē-1 chiu-kî goân-sò͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1週期元素 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="第1週期元素" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-f683ec12" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-f683ec12" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Chemistry"></div></div></div> <p><b>第1周期元素</b>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a>中第一行（即<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="元素周期">元素周期</a>）的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="元素">元素</a>。周期表按原子序数排列，以说明元素的化学行为随原子序数增加的周期性（重复）趋势：当它们的化学行为开始重复时，新的周期开始，这意味着类似元素会排到相同的族。第一周期包括的元素数量比任何周期少，只有两个，也就是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氢</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a>。这种情况可以用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90#现代原子理论" title="原子">原子结构</a>的现代理论来解释。在<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="量子力学">量子力学</a>原子结构的描述中，该周期对应<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="原子轨道">1s轨道</a>的填充。第一周期元素遵守<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%9A%85%E9%AB%94%E8%A6%8F%E5%89%87" title="八隅體規則">二隅体规则</a>，它们需要两个<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a>来填满<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B7%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="价电子">价电子</a>层。 </p><p>氢和氦是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%88%9D%E6%A0%B8%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="太初核合成">最古老</a>，也是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99" title="宇宙">宇宙</a>中最多的元素。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="周期性"><span id=".E5.91.A8.E6.9C.9F.E6.80.A7"></span>周期性</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：周期性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>其它的周期都有至少八个元素，对研究周期内的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%BE%8B" title="元素周期律">周期性</a>有时会有用。不过，第1周期元素只有两个元素，因此这个周期性研究不适用于此。 </p><p>在普通的元素周期表中，氦一般都归类于<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">惰性气体</a>中，也就是 IUPAC 的<a href="/wiki/18%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="18族元素">18族元素</a>。不过氢的化学性质很特殊，不能轻易地被归类为任何一族。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="第1周期元素在元素周期表里的位置"><span id=".E7.AC.AC1.E5.91.A8.E6.9C.9F.E5.85.83.E7.B4.A0.E5.9C.A8.E5.85.83.E7.B4.A0.E5.91.A8.E6.9C.9F.E8.A1.A8.E9.87.8C.E7.9A.84.E4.BD.8D.E7.BD.AE"></span>第1周期元素在元素周期表里的位置</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：第1周期元素在元素周期表里的位置"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>第一个<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="电子层">电子层</a>，<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r58896141">.mw-parser-output .serif{font-family:Times,serif}</style><span class="serif"><span class="texhtml"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%95%B8" title="主量子數"><i>n</i></a> = 1</span></span>，只有一个电子轨道。因此，第1周期元素的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B7%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="价电子">价电子</a>最多只有两个电子，都在1s轨道上。第一个电子层缺少1p或任何其他类型（如：1d）的轨道。这是由于<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E6%95%B0" title="量子数">量子数</a>上的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%BB%E6%B0%A2%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90#量子数" class="mw-redirect" title="类氢原子">一般的<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r58896141"><span class="serif"><span class="texhtml"><i>l</i> < <i>n</i></span></span>约束</a>所导致的。因此，第1周期元素只有两个。尽管氢和氦都是<a href="/wiki/S%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="S区元素">s区元素</a>，它们的性质和其它s区元素很不同。它们的行为与其他s区元素非常不同，以至于在周期表中应将这两个元素放在何处存在很大的分歧。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氢</a>属于<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">碱金属</a>，被放置在<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">锂</a>之上。<sup id="cite_ref-iupac_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iupac-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>它有时被放在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>之上<sup id="cite_ref-hydrogen_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hydrogen-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟</a>之上<sup id="cite_ref-hydrogen_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hydrogen-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hydrogen-halogen_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hydrogen-halogen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，同时放在锂和氟上方（出现两次），<sup id="cite_ref-chemistry-international_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chemistry-international-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或浮在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a>上而不归类于任何一族<sup id="cite_ref-chemistry-international_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chemistry-international-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a>有着完整的价电子层，所以几乎都放在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a>（是<a href="/wiki/P%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="P区元素">p区元素</a>）之上，属于<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">惰性气体</a>一族。<sup id="cite_ref-iupac_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iupac-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>不过，由于外层都有两个电子，氦有时会放在<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">铍</a>之上。<sup id="cite_ref-janet-table_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-janet-table-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="元素"><span id=".E5.85.83.E7.B4.A0"></span>元素</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：元素"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td bgcolor="#ff60a0"><a href="/wiki/S%E5%8D%80%E5%A1%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="S區塊">S區塊</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="原子序">原子序</a></th> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="元素符號">元素符號</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="中文">中文</a>名稱</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="族 (化学)">族</a></th> <th nowrap=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="元素分区">元素分區</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%8E%92%E5%B8%83" class="mw-redirect" title="電子排布">電子排布</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%A4" title="電子層">電子層</a></th> <th>備註 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td bgcolor="#ff60a0">H</td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">1族</a>、s<sup>1</sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%E5%8D%80%E5%A1%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="S區塊">s區</a></td> <td>1s<sup>1</sup></td> <td>1</td> <td>第一個<a href="/wiki/S%E5%8D%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="S區元素">s區元素</a>，也是週期表中第一個元素。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td bgcolor="#ff60a0">He</td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="稀有氣體">8族</a>、s<sup>2</sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%E5%8D%80%E5%A1%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="S區塊">s區</a></td> <td>1s<sup>2</sup></td> <td>1</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="氢"><span id=".E6.B0.A2"></span>氢</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：氢"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氢</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg/150px-Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg/225px-Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg/300px-Hydrogen_discharge_tube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>氢放电管</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deuterium_discharge_tube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Deuterium_discharge_tube.jpg/150px-Deuterium_discharge_tube.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Deuterium_discharge_tube.jpg/225px-Deuterium_discharge_tube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Deuterium_discharge_tube.jpg/300px-Deuterium_discharge_tube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>氘放电管</figcaption></figure> <p>氢 (H) 是一种<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="化学元素">化学元素</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B0" title="原子序数">原子序数</a>为 1。在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="标准情况">标准情况</a>下，氢是一种无色、无臭、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="非金属">非金属</a>性、无味且极度<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E7%87%83" class="mw-redirect" title="易燃">易燃</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="双原子分子">双原子</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="气体">气体</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%BC%8F" title="分子式">分子式</a> H<sub>2</sub>。氢是最轻的元素，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="原子量">原子量</a> 1.00794 amu。<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>氢是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="化学元素丰度">丰度最高</a>的化学元素，占了75%的宇宙原子质量。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F" title="恒星">恒星</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%BA%8F%E6%98%9F" title="主序星">主序星</a>阶段时的主要成分就是<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%80%81" class="mw-redirect" title="等离子态">等离子态</a>的氢。自由氢气在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>较稀有，工业制氢气技术方法就是以<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="碳氢化合物">碳氢化合物</a>如：甲烷为原料制成的。之后，大部分氢气在生产现场直接使用，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3%E7%87%83%E6%96%99" title="化石燃料">化石燃料</a>升级（例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%82%E5%8C%96%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="裂化反应">加氢裂化</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8" title="氨">氨</a>的生产（主要用于化肥市场）之间平均分配。氢气也可以由<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%A3" title="电解">电解</a>水产生，不过成本要比用碳氢化合物为原料的制法高。<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>天然氢中含量最高的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%95" class="mw-redirect" title="氕">氕</a>有一个<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="质子">质子</a>且没有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="离子化合物">离子化合物</a>里，它可以被电离成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%AD%A3%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="氢正离子">氢正离子</a>，也就是质子或<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E8%B4%9F%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="氢负离子">氢负离子</a>，是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="氢化物">氢化物</a>中的阴离子。氢可以形成很多化合物，例如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>和几乎所有的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机化合物">有机化合物</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%A2%B1%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="酸碱质子理论">酸碱质子理论</a>中，许多反应涉及可溶分子之间的质子交换。这时，氢阳离子起到了特别重要的作用。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>作为唯一<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%9B%E5%AE%9A%E8%B0%94%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B" title="薛定谔方程">薛定谔方程</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90%E8%A7%A3" title="解析解">解析解</a>的中性原子，氢原子的能级和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1" title="原子光谱">原子光谱</a>的研究在<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="量子力学">量子力学</a>的发展中起着关键作用。<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>氢与各种金属的相互作用在<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="冶金">冶金</a>中非常重要，因为许多金属会遭受<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E8%84%86" title="氢脆">氢脆</a>，<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>并需开发安全的方式来储存它作为燃料。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>氢在许多由<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="稀土金属">稀土金属</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="过渡金属">过渡金属</a>组成的化合物中可溶，<sup id="cite_ref-Takeshita_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takeshita-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>也可以溶于<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93" title="晶体">晶体</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%AE%9A%E5%BD%A2%E4%BD%93" title="无定形体">无定形体</a>金属中。<sup id="cite_ref-Kirchheim1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirchheim1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>氢在金属中的溶解度会受到金属<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="晶格">晶格</a>中局部变形或杂质的影响。<sup id="cite_ref-Kirchheim2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirchheim2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="氦"><span id=".E6.B0.A6"></span>氦</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：氦"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helium_discharge_tube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Helium_discharge_tube.jpg/150px-Helium_discharge_tube.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Helium_discharge_tube.jpg/225px-Helium_discharge_tube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Helium_discharge_tube.jpg/300px-Helium_discharge_tube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2008" /></a><figcaption>氦放电管</figcaption></figure> <p>氦 (He) 是一种无色、无臭、无味、无毒的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">惰性</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94" title="單原子氣體">单原子</a>元素，是第一个<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">惰性气体</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B0" title="原子序数">原子序数</a>为 2。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>它的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B8%E7%82%B9" title="沸点">沸点</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a>是所有元素中最低的。除了在某些极端条件下，氦都是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="气体">气体</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>氦气是由法国天文学家<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%AE%A9%E6%A3%AE" title="皮埃尔·让森">皮埃尔·让森</a>在1868年发现的，他<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="化学元素发现年表">首先发现氦</a>是从<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%9A%80" class="mw-redirect" title="日蚀">日蚀</a>中发现的。<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在1903年，美国<span class="ilh-all ilh-blue" data-orig-title="天然气田" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="natural gas fields"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94%E7%94%B0" title="天然气田">天然气田</a></span></span>发现了大量的氦气，这是迄今为止最大的氦气供应源。<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>氦气可用于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E6%B8%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="低温物理学">低温物理学</a>、<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在深海呼吸系统中、<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>冷却<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%AF%BC%E7%A3%81%E9%93%81" title="超导磁铁">超导磁铁</a>、用于<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="氦测年法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="helium dating"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%A6%E6%B5%8B%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="氦测年法（页面不存在）">氦测年法</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/helium_dating" class="extiw" title="en:helium dating"><span lang="en" dir="auto">helium dating</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>用于充气<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E7%90%83" title="气球">气球</a>、<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>用于在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9E%E8%89%87_(%E8%BD%BB%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%99%A8)" title="飞艇 (轻航空器)">飞艇</a>中提供升力、<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>以及作为工业用保护气体，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%BC%A7%E7%84%8A" title="電弧焊">电弧焊</a>和制作<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">硅</a>晶片。<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>吸入少量氦气会暂时改变人类声音的音色。<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>液态氦-4的两个流体相（氦I和氦II）的行为对于研究<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="量子力学">量子力学</a>，特别是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="超流体">超流体</a>的现象的研究人员来说非常重要，<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>以及研究<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" title="物质">物质</a>的温度接近<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9D%E5%AF%B9%E9%9B%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="绝对零度">绝对零度</a>会产生什么影响，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%AF%BC%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="超导性">超导性</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>氦是第二轻的元素，也是可观测宇宙中<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="化学元素丰度">第二丰富</a>的元素。<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>大部分氦是从<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8" title="大爆炸">大爆炸</a>产生的，不过氢在<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F" title="恒星">恒星</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%81%9A%E5%8F%98" title="核聚变">核聚变</a>也会产生新的氦。<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>，氦是稀有的物质，由放射性元素的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="阿尔法衰变">阿尔法衰变</a>而成，<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>因为<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="阿尔法粒子">阿尔法粒子</a>就是氦-4的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a>。这些氦被困在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94" title="天然气">天然气</a>里，其中天然气的氦比例可达7%。<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>人们从中可以通过称为<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%A6%8F" title="分馏">分馏</a>的低温分离工艺从中进行萃取。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span 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Foundations of Chemistry. 2006, <b>9</b> (2): 127–137. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10698-006-9027-5"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1007/s10698-006-9027-5</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Where+to+Put+Hydrogen+in+a+Periodic+Table%3F&rft.au=Michael+Laing&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Foundations+of+Chemistry&rft.pages=127-137&rft.volume=9&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10698-006-9027-5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iupac-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iupac_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iupac_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.iupac.org/reports/periodic_table/">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry > Periodic Table of the Elements</a>. 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Bureau of Land Management. 2007-01-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/info/newsroom/2007/january/NR0701_2.html">原始内容</a>存档于2008-07-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Theiss%2C+Leslie&rft.btitle=Where+Has+All+the+Helium+Gone%3F&rft.date=2007-01-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Bureau+of+Land+Management&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blm.gov%2Fwo%2Fst%2Fen%2Finfo%2Fnewsroom%2F2007%2Fjanuary%2FNR0701_2.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Timmerhaus, Klaus D. Cryogenic Engineering: Fifty Years of Progress. Springer. 2006-10-06. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-387-33324-X" title="Special:网络书源/0-387-33324-X"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-387-33324-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Timmerhaus%2C+Klaus+D.&rft.btitle=Cryogenic+Engineering%3A+Fifty+Years+of+Progress&rft.date=2006-10-06&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-387-33324-X&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Copel, M. Helium voice unscrambling. Audio and Electroacoustics. 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How Stuff Works. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151206200726/http://www.howstuffworks.com/helium.htm">存档</a>于2015-12-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Brain%2C+Marshall&rft.btitle=How+Helium+Balloons+Work&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=How+Stuff+Works&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.howstuffworks.com%2Fhelium.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Jiwatram, Jaya. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.popsci.com/military-aviation-space/article/2008-07/return-blimp">The Return of the Blimp</a>. Popular Science. 2008-07-10 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200822221538/https://www.popsci.com/military-aviation-space/article/2008-07/return-blimp/">存档</a>于2020-08-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=The+Return+of+the+Blimp&rft.au=Jiwatram%2C+Jaya&rft.date=2008-07-10&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Popular+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.popsci.com%2Fmilitary-aviation-space%2Farticle%2F2008-07%2Freturn-blimp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">When good GTAW arcs drift; drafty conditions are bad for welders and their GTAW arcs.. Welding Design & Fabrication. 2005-02-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=When+good+GTAW+arcs+drift%3B+drafty+conditions+are+bad+for+welders+and+their+GTAW+arcs.&rft.date=2005-02-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Welding+Design+%26+Fabrication&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Montgomery, Craig. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=why-does-inhaling-helium">Why does inhaling helium make one's voice sound strange?</a>. Scientific American. 2006-09-04 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201003101111/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-does-inhaling-helium/">存档</a>于2020-10-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Why+does+inhaling+helium+make+one%27s+voice+sound+strange%3F&rft.au=Montgomery%2C+Craig&rft.date=2006-09-04&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciam.com%2Farticle.cfm%3Fid%3Dwhy-does-inhaling-helium&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/09/040903085531.htm">Probable Discovery Of A New, Supersolid, Phase Of Matter</a>. Science Daily. 2004-09-03 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200622162159/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/09/040903085531.htm">存档</a>于2020-06-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.btitle=Probable+Discovery+Of+A+New%2C+Supersolid%2C+Phase+Of+Matter&rft.date=2004-09-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Science+Daily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2004%2F09%2F040903085531.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Browne, Malcolm W. Scientists See Peril In Wasting Helium; Scientists See Peril in Waste of Helium. The New York Times. 1979-08-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Scientists+See+Peril+In+Wasting+Helium%3B+Scientists+See+Peril+in+Waste+of+Helium&rft.au=Browne%2C+Malcolm+W.&rft.date=1979-08-21&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webelements.com/helium/geology.html">Helium: geological information</a>. WebElements. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804144514/https://www.webelements.com/helium/geology.html">存档</a>于2020-08-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.btitle=Helium%3A+geological+information&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=WebElements&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webelements.com%2Fhelium%2Fgeology.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Cox, Tony. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12517027.000-origin-of-the-chemical-elements.html">Origin of the chemical elements</a>. New Scientist. 1990-02-03 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141021175601/http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12517027.000-origin-of-the-chemical-elements.html">存档</a>于2014-10-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Origin+of+the+chemical+elements&rft.au=Cox%2C+Tony&rft.date=1990-02-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fmg12517027.000-origin-of-the-chemical-elements.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Helium supply deflated: production shortages mean some industries and partygoers must squeak by.. Houston Chronicle. 2006-11-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Helium+supply+deflated%3A+production+shortages+mean+some+industries+and+partygoers+must+squeak+by.&rft.date=2006-11-05&rft.genre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Brown, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aapg.org/explorer/2008/02feb/helium.cfm">Helium a New Target in New Mexico</a>. American Association of Petroleum Geologists. 2008-02-02 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120304060842/http://www.aapg.org/explorer/2008/02feb/helium.cfm">存档</a>于2012-03-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Brown%2C+David&rft.btitle=Helium+a+New+Target+in+New+Mexico&rft.date=2008-02-02&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aapg.org%2Fexplorer%2F2008%2F02feb%2Fhelium.cfm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Voth, Greg. Where Do We Get the Helium We Use?. The Science Teacher. 2006-12-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.atitle=Where+Do+We+Get+the+Helium+We+Use%3F&rft.au=Voth%2C+Greg&rft.date=2006-12-01&rft.genre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBloch2006" class="citation book">Bloch, D. R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yVPcSIn5xjAC">Organic Chemistry Demystified</a>. McGraw-Hill Professional. 2006 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-10-01</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-07-145920-0" title="Special:网络书源/0-07-145920-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-07-145920-0</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820035118/https://books.google.com/books?id=yVPcSIn5xjAC">存档</a>于2020-08-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&rft.au=Bloch%2C+D.+R.&rft.btitle=Organic+Chemistry+Demystified&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-07-145920-0&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill+Professional&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyVPcSIn5xjAC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="Template:化學元素分類"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="Template talk:化學元素分類"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:化學元素分類"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="元素分類" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88" title="Category:化学元素集合">元素分類</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="S区元素">s区元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="P区元素">p区元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="D区元素">d区元素</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ds%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Ds区元素">ds區元素</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="F区元素">f区元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="G区元素">g区元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="H区元素">h区元素</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="元素周期">元素周期</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC2%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第2周期元素">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC4%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第4周期元素">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC5%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第5周期元素">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC8%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第8周期元素">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC9%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="第9周期元素">9</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="族 (化学)">族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="主族元素">主族元素</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">1</a>（碱金属）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱土金属">2</a>（碱土金属）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素">13</a>（硼族元素）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="碳族元素">14</a>（碳族元素）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氮族元素">15</a>（氮族元素）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氧族元素">16</a>（氧族元素）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="卤素">17</a>（鹵素）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">18</a>（稀有气体）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="副族元素">副族元素</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="过渡金属">过渡金属</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="3族元素">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="4族元素">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="5族元素">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="6族元素">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="7族元素">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="9族元素">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/F%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="F区元素">內過渡金属</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="镧系元素">镧系元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="锕系元素">锕系元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="超锕系元素">超锕系元素</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%BA%8F" title="化学序">其它元素分類</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="金属">金属</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="稀土元素">稀土金属</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A7%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="貧金屬">貧金屬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A3%E7%86%94%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="難熔金屬">難熔金屬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="貴金屬">貴金屬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%B0%E6%80%A7%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="惰性金屬">惰性金屬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91%E6%97%8F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="鉑族金屬">鉑族金屬</a>（PGMs）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="鐵系元素">鐵族元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%BB%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="轻金属">轻金属</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="重金属">重金属</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自然金屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Native metals"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自然金屬（页面不存在）">自然金屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_metals" class="extiw" title="en:Native metals"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Native metals</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%BB%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="类金属">类金属</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="非金属元素">非金屬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%80%A7_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8)" title="兩性 (化學)">兩性元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="重元素">重元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="放射性元素">放射性元素</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="人工合成元素">人工合成元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%93%80%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="超铀元素">超铀元素</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E9%87%8D%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="超重元素">超重元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%90%8E%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="锕系后元素">锕系后元素</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="主要錒系元素" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Major actinide"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E9%8C%92%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="主要錒系元素（页面不存在）">主要錒系元素</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_actinide" class="extiw" title="en:Major actinide"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Major actinide</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E8%A6%81%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="次要锕系元素">次要錒系元素</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="Category:元素周期表">Category:元素周期表</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:化学">Portal:化学</a><b></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83953186">.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_nav 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83953186"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">IA<br />1</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱土金属">IIA<br />2</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="3族元素">IIIB<br />3</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/4%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="4族元素">IVB<br />4</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/5%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="5族元素">VB<br />5</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="6族元素">VIB<br />6</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="7族元素">VIIB<br />7</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">VIIIB<br />8</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/9%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="9族元素">VIIIB<br />9</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素">VIIIB<br />10</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">IB<br />11</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">IIB<br />12</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素">IIIA<br />13</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="碳族元素">IVA<br />14</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氮族元素">VA<br />15</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氧族元素">VIA<br />16</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="卤素">VIIA<br />17</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">VIIIA<br />18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC2%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第2周期元素">2</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">Li</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">B</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">C</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">N</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">O</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">F</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">Na</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">Al</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">Si</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">P</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">S</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">Cl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC4%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第4周期元素">4</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">K</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">Sc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">Ti</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">V</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">Cr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">Mn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">Fe</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">Co</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">Ni</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">Cu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">Zn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">Ga</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">Ge</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">As</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">Se</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">Br</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC5%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第5周期元素">5</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">Rb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">Sr</a> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;padding:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">Y</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">Zr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">Nb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">Mo</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">Tc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">Ru</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">Rh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">Pd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">Ag</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">Cd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">In</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">Sn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">Sb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">Te</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">I</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">Cs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">Ba</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">La</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">Ce</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">Pr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">Nd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">Pm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">Sm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">Eu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">Gd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">Tb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">Dy</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">Ho</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">Er</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">Tm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">Yb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">Lu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">Hf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">Ta</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">W</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">Re</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇">Os</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">Ir</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">Pt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">Au</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">Hg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">Tl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">Pb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">Bi</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">Po</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">At</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">7</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">Fr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">Ra</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">Ac</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">Th</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">Pa</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">U</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">Np</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">Pu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">Am</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">Cm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">Bk</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">Cf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">Es</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">Fm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">Md</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">No</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">Lr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">Rf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">Db</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">Sg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">Bh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">Hs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">Mt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">Ds</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">Rg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">Cn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">Nh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">Fl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">Mc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">Lv</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">Ts</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th 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