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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Organisations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organisations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Loss_of_regional_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Loss_of_regional_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Loss of regional status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Loss_of_regional_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Secessionist movement in France</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Alsace autonomist movement</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="[[French language|French]]">Mouvement autonomiste alsacien</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Alsace_(historical).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg/220px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg/330px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg/440px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="825" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Rot_un_Wiss" class="mw-redirect" title="Rot un Wiss">Rot un Wiss</a>, the original flag of Alsace, with origins in the red and white <a href="/wiki/Banner" title="Banner">banner</a> of <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard,_Duke_of_Lorraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gérard, Duke of Lorraine">Gérard d'Alsace, Duke of Lorraine</a> in the 11th century.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independence_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence movement">Independence movement</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(politics)" title="Regionalism (politics)">Regionalism (politics)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">Greater <a href="/wiki/Autonomy" title="Autonomy">autonomy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Region served </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Methods</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">Protests</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Party_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Party politics">Party politics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alsace_d%27abord" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsace d'abord">Alsace d'abord</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Unser_Land" title="Unser Land">Unser Land</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Alsace" title="Category:Alsace">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alsace_flag_waving_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Alsace_flag_waving_icon.svg/150px-Alsace_flag_waving_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Alsace_flag_waving_icon.svg/225px-Alsace_flag_waving_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Alsace_flag_waving_icon.svg/300px-Alsace_flag_waving_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="27" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><span title="Alemannic German-language text"><i lang="gsw"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Alsace" title="Flag of Alsace">Rot un Wiss</a></i></span>, traditional flag of Alsace</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#History" title="Alsace">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germania_Superior" title="Germania Superior">Germania Superior</a> (<i>Pagus Alsatiae</i>) (83–475)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alemanni" title="Alemanni">Alemanni</a> (circa 213–496)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamannia" title="Alamannia">Alamannia</a> (3rd-century–911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Alsace" title="Duchy of Alsace">Duchy of Alsace</a> (circa 630–699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Verdun" title="Treaty of Verdun">Treaty of Verdun</a> (843)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Strasbourg" title="Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg">Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg</a> (982–1803)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Ferrette" title="County of Ferrette">County of Ferrette</a> (11th-century–14th-century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salm_(state)" title="Salm (state)">Salm</a> (1165−1793)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Landgraviate_of_Alsace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landgraviate of Alsace (page does not exist)">Landgraviate of Alsace</a> (1186–1646) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Alsace" title="Lower Alsace">Lower Alsace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Alsace" title="Upper Alsace">Upper Alsace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Further_Austria" title="Further Austria">Further Austria</a> (13th-century–1648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9capole" title="Décapole">Décapole</a> (1354–1679)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanau-Lichtenberg" title="Hanau-Lichtenberg">County of Hanau-Lichtenberg</a> (1456–1736)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Rhenish_Circle" title="Upper Rhenish Circle">Upper Rhenish Circle</a> (1500–1679)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsace%E2%80%93Lorraine" title="Alsace–Lorraine">Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine</a> (1871–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gau_Baden" title="Gau Baden">Gau Baden-Elsaß</a> (1940–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a> (1945–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Est" title="Grand Est">Grand Est</a> (2016–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Collectivity_of_Alsace" title="European Collectivity of Alsace">European Collectivity of Alsace</a> (2021-)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Culture" title="Alsace">Culture</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Alsace" title="Coat of arms of Alsace">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Alsace" title="Flag of Alsace">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Els%C3%A4ssisches_Fahnenlied" title="Elsässisches Fahnenlied">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alsatians_and_Lotharingians#Alsatians" title="List of Alsatians and Lotharingians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsatian_dialect" title="Alsatian dialect">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Demographics" title="Alsace">Demographics</a></li> <li><i>Musée alsacien</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_alsacien_(Haguenau)" title="Musée alsacien (Haguenau)">Hagenau</a> | <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_alsacien_(Strasbourg)" title="Musée alsacien (Strasbourg)">Strasbourg</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Religion" title="Alsace">Religion</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">according to<br /><a href="/wiki/Concordat_in_Alsace-Moselle" class="mw-redirect" title="Concordat in Alsace-Moselle">Concordat in Alsace-Moselle</a> (1801):<br /><small><i>(including <a href="/wiki/Lorraine" title="Lorraine">Lorraine</a>)</i></small></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Strasbourg" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Exemption_(Catholic_canon_law)" title="Exemption (Catholic canon law)">Immediately subject</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>)</small> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Strasbourg" title="Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg">Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>(<a href="/wiki/Lorraine" title="Lorraine">Lorraine</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Metz" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz">Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz</a>)</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a>: <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Protestant_Churches_of_Alsace_and_Lorraine" title="Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine">Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_of_Alsace_and_Lorraine" title="Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine">Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinism</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformed_Church_of_Alsace_and_Lorraine" title="Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine">Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a> <a href="/wiki/Consistory_(Judaism)" title="Consistory (Judaism)">consistories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colmar" title="Colmar">Colmar</a></li> <li><i>(<a href="/wiki/Lorraine" title="Lorraine">Lorraine</a>: <a href="/wiki/Metz" title="Metz">Metz</a>)</i></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Law</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_law_in_Alsace-Moselle" class="mw-redirect" title="Local law in Alsace-Moselle">Local law in Alsace-Moselle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concordat_in_Alsace-Moselle" class="mw-redirect" title="Concordat in Alsace-Moselle">Concordat in Alsace-Moselle</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Administrative_divisions" title="Alsace">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Capital: <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bas-Rhin" title="Bas-Rhin">Bas-Rhin</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Unterelsa%C3%9F" title="Unterelsaß">Unterelsaß</a></i>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Haguenau-Wissembourg" title="Arrondissement of Haguenau-Wissembourg">Arrondissement of Haguenau-Wissembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Molsheim" title="Arrondissement of Molsheim">Arrondissement of Molsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Saverne" title="Arrondissement of Saverne">Arrondissement of Saverne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_S%C3%A9lestat-Erstein" title="Arrondissement of Sélestat-Erstein">Arrondissement of Sélestat-Erstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Strasbourg" title="Arrondissement of Strasbourg">Arrondissement of Strasbourg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haut-Rhin" title="Haut-Rhin">Haut-Rhin</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Oberelsa%C3%9F" title="Oberelsaß">Oberelsaß</a></i>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Altkirch" title="Arrondissement of Altkirch">Arrondissement of Altkirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Colmar-Ribeauvill%C3%A9" title="Arrondissement of Colmar-Ribeauvillé">Arrondissement of Colmar-Ribeauvillé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Mulhouse" title="Arrondissement of Mulhouse">Arrondissement of Mulhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Thann-Guebwiller" title="Arrondissement of Thann-Guebwiller">Arrondissement of Thann-Guebwiller</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Alsace" title="Politics of Alsace">Politics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Council_of_Alsace" title="Regional Council of Alsace">Regional Council of Alsace</a> (1982–2015)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alsace independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Alsace" title="Assembly of Alsace">Assembly of Alsace</a> (2021-)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Alsace in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_France#European_Parliament" title="Elections in France">European Parliament elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="France (European Parliament constituency)">Constituency</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_France" title="Politics of France">Politics of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Germany" title="Politics of Germany">Politics of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics of the European Union</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BlasonAlsace.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BlasonAlsace.svg/25px-BlasonAlsace.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BlasonAlsace.svg/38px-BlasonAlsace.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BlasonAlsace.svg/50px-BlasonAlsace.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alsace_sidebar" title="Template:Alsace sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alsace_sidebar" title="Template talk:Alsace sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alsace_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alsace sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_r%C3%A9gion_fr_Alsace.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Blason_r%C3%A9gion_fr_Alsace.svg/220px-Blason_r%C3%A9gion_fr_Alsace.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Blason_r%C3%A9gion_fr_Alsace.svg/330px-Blason_r%C3%A9gion_fr_Alsace.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Blason_r%C3%A9gion_fr_Alsace.svg/440px-Blason_r%C3%A9gion_fr_Alsace.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Alsace" title="Coat of arms of Alsace">Coat of arms of Alsace</a>, representing <a href="/wiki/Haut-Rhin" title="Haut-Rhin">Haut-Rhin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bas-Rhin" title="Bas-Rhin">Bas-Rhin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Alsace independence movement</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Mouvement autonomiste alsacien</i>; <a href="/wiki/Alsatian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsatian language">Alsatian</a>: <i lang="gsw-FR">D'Elsässischa Salbschtstandikaitbewegùng</i>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Elsässische autonome Bewegung</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Cultural" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural">cultural</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ideological" class="mw-redirect" title="Ideological">ideological</a> and <a href="/wiki/Political" class="mw-redirect" title="Political">political</a> <a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(politics)" title="Regionalism (politics)">regionalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Political_movement" title="Political movement">movement</a> for greater <a href="/wiki/Autonomy" title="Autonomy">autonomy</a> or outright <a href="/wiki/Independence" title="Independence">independence</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a>. </p><p>Purposes generally include opposition to centralist territorial, political and legal pretensions of either <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Jacobin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobin">Jacobin</a> policies"), including the new French region <a href="/wiki/Grand_Est" title="Grand Est">Grand Est</a> since 1 January 2016, and <a href="/wiki/Pan-Germanism" title="Pan-Germanism">Pan-Germanism</a> of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>; or both. It instead generally favours regional <a href="/wiki/Decentralization" title="Decentralization">decentralization</a> including political and fiscal autonomy for Alsace, promoting the defense of its culture, history, traditions, and <a href="/wiki/Bilingualism" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilingualism">bilingualism</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Alsatian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsatian language">Alsatian language</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Slogan" title="Slogan">slogan</a> that has sometimes occurred in protests in the 21st century is "Elsass frei" ("Alsace free"). </p><p>Several mass <a href="/wiki/Protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Protests">protests</a> have taken place in public places around Alsace in opposition to the French region of Grand Est, with <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratification</a> on 1 January 2016. In addition, several Alsatian organisations and political parties have been formed to promote the cause, notably <a href="/wiki/Alsace_d%27abord" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsace d'abord">Alsace d'abord</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unser_Land" title="Unser Land">Unser Land</a>. </p><p>The movement of greater autonomy of Alsace runs partly parallel to that of <a href="/wiki/Alemannic_separatism" title="Alemannic separatism">Alemannic separatism</a>, originating in the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_era" title="Napoleonic era">Napoleonic era</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1805</span>–1815) and briefly revived both after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> (1919) and after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> (1946–1952). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alsace_in_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Alsace_in_France.svg/220px-Alsace_in_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Alsace_in_France.svg/330px-Alsace_in_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Alsace_in_France.svg/440px-Alsace_in_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1041" data-file-height="997" /></a><figcaption>Present location of Alsace within <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alemannic-Dialects-Map-English.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Alemannic-Dialects-Map-English.png/220px-Alemannic-Dialects-Map-English.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Alemannic-Dialects-Map-English.png/330px-Alemannic-Dialects-Map-English.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Alemannic-Dialects-Map-English.png/440px-Alemannic-Dialects-Map-English.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Traditional distribution of the <a href="/wiki/Alsatian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsatian language">Alsatian language</a> as an Upper Rhine German or <a href="/wiki/Alemannic_German" title="Alemannic German">Alemannic</a> dialect in the 19th and 20th century.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to expansionist doctrines of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> since the time of Louis XIV, Alsatians have been subject to many shifts in <a href="/wiki/European_history" class="mw-redirect" title="European history">European history</a>. </p><p>Over the centuries, many figures and organisations have contributed to the cause of rejected either or both of these pretentions, promoting varying degrees of autonomy or even independence, both in public and in form of political participation. </p><p>Various autonomist and separatist movements in Alsace have received support from over the political spectrum, including left, centre and right, comprising diverse political ideologies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alsatian_Workers_and_Peasants_Party" title="Alsatian Workers and Peasants Party">Alsatian Workers and Peasants Party</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The establishment of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Annexation" title="Annexation">annexation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alsace-Lorraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsace-Lorraine">Alsace-Lorraine</a> during the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, introduced a new situation for many Alsatians, including hardships for many, such as the <a href="/wiki/Malgr%C3%A9-nous" title="Malgré-nous">malgré-nous</a>. However, some advocates of autonomy for Alsace saw the new regime as a chance to reenacted rights for the culture and autonomy of the Alsatians formerly under French government. While few were actually attracted to the <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a> or <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarianism</a> of the regime, a number of Alsatian autonomists were subsequently accused of collaboration with Nazi officials after the war, some of which were trialed, prisoned, and even executed. </p> <ul><li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Spieser" class="extiw" title="fr:Fritz Spieser">fr:Fritz Spieser</a> (1902–1987)</li> <li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Schall" class="extiw" title="de:Paul Schall">de:Paul Schall</a> (1898–1981)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Bilger" class="extiw" title="fr:Joseph Bilger">fr:Joseph Bilger</a> (1905–1975)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_St%C3%BCrmel" class="extiw" title="fr:Marcel Stürmel">fr:Marcel Stürmel</a> (1900–1972)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camille_Dahlet" class="extiw" title="fr:Camille Dahlet">fr:Camille Dahlet</a> (1883–1963)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Ross%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="fr:Joseph Rossé">fr:Joseph Rossé</a> (1892–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Mourer" title="Jean-Pierre Mourer">Jean-Pierre Mourer</a> (1897–1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hueber" title="Charles Hueber">Charles Hueber</a> (1883–1943)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Roos" class="extiw" title="fr:Charles Roos">fr:Charles Roos</a> (1878–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ricklin" title="Eugène Ricklin">Eugène Ricklin</a> (1862–1935)</li></ul> <p>After war, also related groups <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanziger" class="extiw" title="fr:Nanziger">fr:Nanziger</a> and <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loups_Noirs" class="extiw" title="fr:Loups Noirs">fr:Loups Noirs</a> remain notable. </p><p>However, other Alsatian were staunch opponents of the Nazi occupation, such as the artist <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Waltz" title="Jean-Jacques Waltz">Jean-Jacques Waltz</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="After_reattachment_to_France">After reattachment to France</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: After reattachment to France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_28-06-2014_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_28-06-2014_%283%29.jpg/220px-Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_28-06-2014_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_28-06-2014_%283%29.jpg/330px-Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_28-06-2014_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_28-06-2014_%283%29.jpg/440px-Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_28-06-2014_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Protests against the new French region of <a href="/wiki/Grand_Est" title="Grand Est">Grand Est</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drapeaux_de_l%27Alsace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Drapeaux_de_l%27Alsace.jpg/220px-Drapeaux_de_l%27Alsace.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Drapeaux_de_l%27Alsace.jpg/330px-Drapeaux_de_l%27Alsace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Drapeaux_de_l%27Alsace.jpg/440px-Drapeaux_de_l%27Alsace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3610" data-file-height="1655" /></a><figcaption>Protests.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_11-10-2014_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_11-10-2014_%281%29.jpg/220px-Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_11-10-2014_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_11-10-2014_%281%29.jpg/330px-Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_11-10-2014_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_11-10-2014_%281%29.jpg/440px-Manifestation_contre_la_r%C3%A9forme_territoriale_le_11-10-2014_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Protests against Grand Est.</figcaption></figure> <p>In contemporary Alsace, <a href="/wiki/Unser_Land" title="Unser Land">Unser Land</a>, formed in 2009 after a merge of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_du_peuple_alsacien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union du peuple alsacien (page does not exist)">Union du peuple alsacien</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fer%27s_Elsass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fer's Elsass (page does not exist)">Fer's Elsass</a>, constitutes the most notable current political party associated with promotion of greater autonomy of Alsace. <a href="/wiki/Alsace_d%27abord" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsace d'abord">Alsace d'abord</a> is another, smaller organisation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_parties">Political parties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Political parties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alsace_d%27abord" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsace d'abord">Alsace d'abord</a> <ul><li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Spieler" class="extiw" title="fr:Robert Spieler">fr:Robert Spieler</a> (born 1951) (as well as other political parties)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Cordonnier" class="extiw" title="fr:Jacques Cordonnier">fr:Jacques Cordonnier</a> (born 1950)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_culturel_alsacien" class="extiw" title="fr:Front culturel alsacien">fr:Front culturel alsacien</a> <ul><li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Weckmann" class="extiw" title="fr:André Weckmann">fr:André Weckmann</a> (1924–2012)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9e_Buchmann" class="extiw" title="fr:Andrée Buchmann">fr:Andrée Buchmann</a> (born 1956)</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unser_Land" title="Unser Land">Unser land</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organisations">Organisations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Organisations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarit%C3%A9_alsacienne" class="extiw" title="fr:Solidarité alsacienne">fr:Solidarité alsacienne</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Zind" class="extiw" title="fr:Pierre Zind">fr:Pierre Zind</a> (1923–1988)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Loss_of_regional_status">Loss of regional status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Loss of regional status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite many protests, the new French region of Grand Est was introduced with <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratification</a> on 1 January 2016. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg-Schwoertag.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Painting of the ceremony of the Schwoertag (circa 1785), Musée historique de Strasbourg."><img alt="Painting of the ceremony of the Schwoertag (circa 1785), Musée historique de Strasbourg." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg-Schwoertag.jpg/120px-Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg-Schwoertag.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg-Schwoertag.jpg/180px-Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg-Schwoertag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg-Schwoertag.jpg/240px-Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg-Schwoertag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1851" data-file-height="1410" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Painting of the ceremony of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schwoertag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schwoertag (page does not exist)">Schwoertag</a> (circa 1785), <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_historique_de_Strasbourg" title="Musée historique de Strasbourg">Musée historique de Strasbourg</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kleber_(statue).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of General Jean Baptiste Kléber (1753–1800) in Place Kléber, Strasbourg, erected in 1838. Kléber, who was born to a builder in Strasbourg, was undoubtedly one of the greatest generals of the French Revolutionary Wars; second in command only to Napoleon before death in Cairo, Egypt."><img alt="Statue of General Jean Baptiste Kléber (1753–1800) in Place Kléber, Strasbourg, erected in 1838. Kléber, who was born to a builder in Strasbourg, was undoubtedly one of the greatest generals of the French Revolutionary Wars; second in command only to Napoleon before death in Cairo, Egypt." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Kleber_%28statue%29.jpg/96px-Kleber_%28statue%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Kleber_%28statue%29.jpg/143px-Kleber_%28statue%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Kleber_%28statue%29.jpg/191px-Kleber_%28statue%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="753" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of General <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Kl%C3%A9ber" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Baptiste Kléber">Jean Baptiste Kléber</a> (1753–1800) in <a href="/wiki/Place_Kl%C3%A9ber" title="Place Kléber">Place Kléber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, erected in 1838. Kléber, who was born to a builder in Strasbourg, was undoubtedly one of the greatest generals of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a>; second in command only to <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> before death in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Die_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The flag of Alsace in illustration by Charles Spindler."><img alt="The flag of Alsace in illustration by Charles Spindler." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Die_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne.jpg/91px-Die_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Die_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne.jpg/137px-Die_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Die_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne.jpg/183px-Die_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="930" data-file-height="1220" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Alsace" title="Flag of Alsace">flag of Alsace</a> in illustration by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Spindler" title="Charles Spindler">Charles Spindler</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stra%C3%9Fburger_Postkarte,_Bild_von_dem_M%C3%BCnster_und_dem_Stadt-Zentrum,_und_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne_%C2%BBRot_un_Wiss%C2%AB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bilingual postcard."><img alt="Bilingual postcard." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stra%C3%9Fburger_Postkarte%2C_Bild_von_dem_M%C3%BCnster_und_dem_Stadt-Zentrum%2C_und_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne_%C2%BBRot_un_Wiss%C2%AB.jpg/120px-Stra%C3%9Fburger_Postkarte%2C_Bild_von_dem_M%C3%BCnster_und_dem_Stadt-Zentrum%2C_und_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne_%C2%BBRot_un_Wiss%C2%AB.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stra%C3%9Fburger_Postkarte%2C_Bild_von_dem_M%C3%BCnster_und_dem_Stadt-Zentrum%2C_und_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne_%C2%BBRot_un_Wiss%C2%AB.jpg/180px-Stra%C3%9Fburger_Postkarte%2C_Bild_von_dem_M%C3%BCnster_und_dem_Stadt-Zentrum%2C_und_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne_%C2%BBRot_un_Wiss%C2%AB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stra%C3%9Fburger_Postkarte%2C_Bild_von_dem_M%C3%BCnster_und_dem_Stadt-Zentrum%2C_und_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne_%C2%BBRot_un_Wiss%C2%AB.jpg/240px-Stra%C3%9Fburger_Postkarte%2C_Bild_von_dem_M%C3%BCnster_und_dem_Stadt-Zentrum%2C_und_Els%C3%A4ssische_Fahne_%C2%BBRot_un_Wiss%C2%AB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="739" data-file-height="487" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bilingual <a href="/wiki/Postcard" title="Postcard">postcard</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ColmarStatueLibert%C3%A9rR%C3%A9plique.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The replica of the Statue of Liberty in Colmar, the birth town of its sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, has been a notable site of assembly of protests against the new French region Grand Est."><img alt="The replica of the Statue of Liberty in Colmar, the birth town of its sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, has been a notable site of assembly of protests against the new French region Grand Est." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ColmarStatueLibert%C3%A9rR%C3%A9plique.jpg/90px-ColmarStatueLibert%C3%A9rR%C3%A9plique.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ColmarStatueLibert%C3%A9rR%C3%A9plique.jpg/135px-ColmarStatueLibert%C3%A9rR%C3%A9plique.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ColmarStatueLibert%C3%A9rR%C3%A9plique.jpg/180px-ColmarStatueLibert%C3%A9rR%C3%A9plique.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The replica of the <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a> in <a href="/wiki/Colmar" title="Colmar">Colmar</a>, the birth town of its sculptor <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Auguste_Bartholdi" title="Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi">Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi</a>, has been a notable site of assembly of protests against the new French region <a href="/wiki/Grand_Est" title="Grand Est">Grand Est</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Geography_Lesson_or_%22The_Black_Spot%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alsace has been the subject of many conflicts. Here, a painting from 1887 depicting a child being taught about the "lost" province of Alsace-Lorraine in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War that is depicted in the colour black on a map of France."><img alt="Alsace has been the subject of many conflicts. Here, a painting from 1887 depicting a child being taught about the "lost" province of Alsace-Lorraine in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War that is depicted in the colour black on a map of France." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/The_Geography_Lesson_or_%22The_Black_Spot%22.jpg/120px-The_Geography_Lesson_or_%22The_Black_Spot%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/The_Geography_Lesson_or_%22The_Black_Spot%22.jpg/180px-The_Geography_Lesson_or_%22The_Black_Spot%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/The_Geography_Lesson_or_%22The_Black_Spot%22.jpg/240px-The_Geography_Lesson_or_%22The_Black_Spot%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11506" data-file-height="8400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Alsace has been the subject of many conflicts. Here, a painting from 1887 depicting a child being taught about the "lost" province of <a href="/wiki/Alsace-Lorraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsace-Lorraine">Alsace-Lorraine</a> in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a> that is depicted in the colour black on a map of France.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wir_kennen_keine_Parteien_mehr.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alsatian postal card during World War I (1914–1918): "Wir kennen keine Parteien mehr" (German: "We don't know any parties anymore")."><img alt="Alsatian postal card during World War I (1914–1918): "Wir kennen keine Parteien mehr" (German: "We don't know any parties anymore")." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wir_kennen_keine_Parteien_mehr.jpg/120px-Wir_kennen_keine_Parteien_mehr.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wir_kennen_keine_Parteien_mehr.jpg/180px-Wir_kennen_keine_Parteien_mehr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Wir_kennen_keine_Parteien_mehr.jpg/240px-Wir_kennen_keine_Parteien_mehr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1607" data-file-height="1029" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Alsatian <a href="/wiki/Postal_card" title="Postal card">postal card</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> (1914–1918): "Wir kennen keine Parteien mehr" (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: "We don't know any parties anymore").</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Proclamation_r%C3%A9publique_10_novembre_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ausruf der Republik - the proclamation of the Republic of Alsace on 10 November 1918 in Place Kléber, Strasbourg, during the tumultuous November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine."><img alt="Ausruf der Republik - the proclamation of the Republic of Alsace on 10 November 1918 in Place Kléber, Strasbourg, during the tumultuous November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Proclamation_r%C3%A9publique_10_novembre_1918.jpg/120px-Proclamation_r%C3%A9publique_10_novembre_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Proclamation_r%C3%A9publique_10_novembre_1918.jpg/180px-Proclamation_r%C3%A9publique_10_novembre_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Proclamation_r%C3%A9publique_10_novembre_1918.jpg/240px-Proclamation_r%C3%A9publique_10_novembre_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1631" data-file-height="1023" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Ausruf der Republik</i> - the <a href="/wiki/Proclamation" title="Proclamation">proclamation</a> of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Alsace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic of Alsace (page does not exist)">Republic of Alsace</a> on 10 November 1918 in <a href="/wiki/Place_Kl%C3%A9ber" title="Place Kléber">Place Kléber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, during the tumultuous <a href="/wiki/November_1918_in_Alsace-Lorraine" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine">November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Conseil_des_soldats_%C3%A0_Strasbourg_en_novembre_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Military Council in Strasbourg, 15 November 1918."><img alt="Military Council in Strasbourg, 15 November 1918." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Conseil_des_soldats_%C3%A0_Strasbourg_en_novembre_1918.jpg/120px-Conseil_des_soldats_%C3%A0_Strasbourg_en_novembre_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Conseil_des_soldats_%C3%A0_Strasbourg_en_novembre_1918.jpg/180px-Conseil_des_soldats_%C3%A0_Strasbourg_en_novembre_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Conseil_des_soldats_%C3%A0_Strasbourg_en_novembre_1918.jpg/240px-Conseil_des_soldats_%C3%A0_Strasbourg_en_novembre_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Military_Council" title="Military Council">Military Council</a> in <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, 15 November 1918.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacquot_Elie_1944_alsace_avec_le_colonel_Berger_recadr%C3%A9e.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="André Malraux (winter 1944–45) as Commander of the Alsace-Lorraine Independent Brigade (France), a unit that fought alongside regular French Army forces in World War II."><img alt="André Malraux (winter 1944–45) as Commander of the Alsace-Lorraine Independent Brigade (France), a unit that fought alongside regular French Army forces in World War II." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jacquot_Elie_1944_alsace_avec_le_colonel_Berger_recadr%C3%A9e.jpg/120px-Jacquot_Elie_1944_alsace_avec_le_colonel_Berger_recadr%C3%A9e.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jacquot_Elie_1944_alsace_avec_le_colonel_Berger_recadr%C3%A9e.jpg/180px-Jacquot_Elie_1944_alsace_avec_le_colonel_Berger_recadr%C3%A9e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Jacquot_Elie_1944_alsace_avec_le_colonel_Berger_recadr%C3%A9e.jpg/240px-Jacquot_Elie_1944_alsace_avec_le_colonel_Berger_recadr%C3%A9e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="547" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux" title="André Malraux">André Malraux</a> (winter 1944–45) as Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Alsace-Lorraine_Independent_Brigade_(France)" title="Alsace-Lorraine Independent Brigade (France)">Alsace-Lorraine Independent Brigade (France)</a>, a unit that fought alongside regular <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> forces in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ObernaiMalgr%C3%A9Nous.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Monument in Obernai, Bas-Rhin, dedicated to the Malgré-nous (French: "Against our will"), soldiers who were involuntarily conscripted into the German Wehrmacht or Waffen-SS during World War II."><img alt="Monument in Obernai, Bas-Rhin, dedicated to the Malgré-nous (French: "Against our will"), soldiers who were involuntarily conscripted into the German Wehrmacht or Waffen-SS during World War II." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/ObernaiMalgr%C3%A9Nous.JPG/120px-ObernaiMalgr%C3%A9Nous.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/ObernaiMalgr%C3%A9Nous.JPG/180px-ObernaiMalgr%C3%A9Nous.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/ObernaiMalgr%C3%A9Nous.JPG/240px-ObernaiMalgr%C3%A9Nous.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2080" data-file-height="1560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monument in <a href="/wiki/Obernai" title="Obernai">Obernai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bas-Rhin" title="Bas-Rhin">Bas-Rhin</a>, dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/Malgr%C3%A9-nous" title="Malgré-nous">Malgré-nous</a> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: "Against our will"), soldiers who were involuntarily <a href="/wiki/Conscript" class="mw-redirect" title="Conscript">conscripted</a> into the German <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> or <a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Strasbourg_manifestation_contre_la_fusion_des_r%C3%A9gions_23_novembre_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Protesters holding a banner saying "No to merger" (Non a la fusion) during a demonstration in November 2014 in Strasbourg, against the merger of Grand Est."><img alt="Protesters holding a banner saying "No to merger" (Non a la fusion) during a demonstration in November 2014 in Strasbourg, against the merger of Grand Est." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Strasbourg_manifestation_contre_la_fusion_des_r%C3%A9gions_23_novembre_2014.jpg/120px-Strasbourg_manifestation_contre_la_fusion_des_r%C3%A9gions_23_novembre_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Strasbourg_manifestation_contre_la_fusion_des_r%C3%A9gions_23_novembre_2014.jpg/180px-Strasbourg_manifestation_contre_la_fusion_des_r%C3%A9gions_23_novembre_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Strasbourg_manifestation_contre_la_fusion_des_r%C3%A9gions_23_novembre_2014.jpg/240px-Strasbourg_manifestation_contre_la_fusion_des_r%C3%A9gions_23_novembre_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5131" data-file-height="3421" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Protesters holding a banner saying "No to merger" (<i>Non a la fusion</i>) during a demonstration in November 2014 in Strasbourg, against the merger of Grand Est.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_2">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alsacia_en_1789" class="extiw" title="es:Alsacia en 1789">es:Alsacia en 1789</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1918_in_Alsace-Lorraine" class="mw-redirect" title="November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine">November 1918 in Alsace-Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alemannic_separatism" title="Alemannic separatism">Alemannic separatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Est#Opposition" title="Grand Est">Grand Est#Opposition</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_France" title="Politics of France">Politics of France</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alsace_d%27abord" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsace d'abord">Alsace d'abord</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espace_nouveau_jeune" class="extiw" title="fr:Espace nouveau jeune">fr:Espace nouveau jeune</a>, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeune_Alsace" class="extiw" title="fr:Jeune Alsace">fr:Jeune Alsace</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unser_Land" title="Unser Land">Unser Land</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_du_peuple_alsacien" class="extiw" title="fr:Union du peuple alsacien">fr:Union du peuple alsacien</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer%27s_Elsass" class="extiw" title="fr:Fer's Elsass">fr:Fer's Elsass</a></li> <li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalforum_Elsass-Lothringen" class="extiw" title="de:Nationalforum Elsass-Lothringen">de:Nationalforum Elsass-Lothringen</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_culturel_alsacien" class="extiw" title="fr:Front culturel alsacien">fr:Front culturel alsacien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Republican_Union_(1919-1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular Republican Union (1919-1946)">Popular Republican Union</a> (part of <a href="/wiki/Independents_of_Popular_Action" class="mw-redirect" title="Independents of Popular Action">Independents of Popular Action</a>)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/21px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/42px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/21px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/32px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/42px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Germany" title="Portal:Germany">Germany</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-No_footnotes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-No_footnotes" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of references</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">related reading</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, <b>but its sources remain unclear because it lacks <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heiko_Haumann" title="Heiko Haumann">Heiko Haumann</a>: „Schwäbisch-alemannische Demokratie“ gegen „Staufisch-schwäbischen Imperialismus“? Politische Konzeptionen in Baden und Württemberg 1945–1952. In Allmende. Zeitschrift für Literatur. Bd. 8, Nr. 20, Karlsruhe 1988, 36–52, ISSN 0720-3098.</li> <li>Manfred Joss: Schwäbisch-Alemannische Demokratie. Vision und Scheitern eines Separatstaats im deutschen Südwesten nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Lizentiatsarbeit, Historisches Institut, Universität Bern 2005.</li> <li>Jürgen Klöckler: „Das Land der Alemannen …“. Pläne für einen Heimatstaat im Bodenseeraum nach 1945. UVK Verlagsgesellschaft, Konstanz 1999, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stateless_nationalism_in_Europe" title="Template:Stateless nationalism in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stateless_nationalism_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Stateless nationalism in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stateless_nationalism_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stateless nationalism in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Movements_of_regionalism,_separatism_and_stateless_nationalism_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_separatist_movements_in_Europe" title="List of active separatist movements in Europe">Movements</a> of <a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(politics)" title="Regionalism (politics)">regionalism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Separatism" title="Separatism">separatism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stateless_nation" title="Stateless nation">stateless</a> <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalism</a> in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Northern_Epirus" title="Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus">Northern Epirus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Azerbaijan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh" title="Republic of Artsakh">Artsakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Republic_of_Lachin" title="Kurdish Republic of Lachin">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezgin_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Lezgin nationalism">Lezgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talysh-Mughan_Autonomous_Republic" title="Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic">Talysh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Belgium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Movement" title="Flemish Movement">Flemish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walloon_Movement" title="Walloon Movement">Walloon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bosnia and<br />Herzegovina</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_secession_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Proposed secession of Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Croatia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Istrian_identity" title="Istrian identity">Istrian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cyprus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_nationalism" title="Turkish Cypriot nationalism">Turkish Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Cypriot_nationalism" title="Greek Cypriot nationalism">Greek Cypriot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Denmark</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_independence" title="Greenlandic independence">Greenlandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_independence_movement" title="Faroese independence movement">Faroese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Finland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_%C3%85land" title="Future of Åland">Ålandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1pmi" title="Sápmi">Sámi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alsatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_nationalism" title="Basque nationalism">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_nationalism" title="Breton nationalism">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_nationalism" title="Corsican nationalism">Corsican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_nationalism" title="Occitan nationalism">Occitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_nationalism" title="Catalan nationalism">North Catalan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Georgia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adjaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjaria">Adjarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Javakhk_Democratic_Alliance" title="United Javakhk Democratic Alliance">Javakheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetia" title="Ossetia">Ossetian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_nationalism" title="Bavarian nationalism">Bavarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbs" title="Sorbs">Sorbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swabians" title="Swabians">Swabians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greece</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chameria" title="Chameria">Cham Albanian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_nationalism" title="Lombard nationalism">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padanian_nationalism" title="Padanian nationalism">Padanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_nationalism" title="Sardinian nationalism">Sardinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_nationalism" title="Sicilian nationalism">Sicilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tyrolean_independence_movement" title="South Tyrolean independence movement">South Tyrolean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_nationalism" title="Venetian nationalism">Venetian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kazakhstan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh%E2%80%93Russian_ethnic_conflicts" title="Kazakh–Russian ethnic conflicts">North Kazakhstan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Macedonia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilirida" title="Ilirida">Ilirida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Moldova</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gagauzia" title="Gagauzia">Gagauzia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frisian_nationalism" title="Frisian nationalism">Frisian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Norway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1pmi" title="Sápmi">Sámi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kasz%C3%ABbsk%C3%B4_Jednota" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaszëbskô Jednota">Kashubian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Autonomy_Movement" title="Silesian Autonomy Movement">Silesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig_Government_in_Exile" title="Free City of Danzig Government in Exile">Free City of Danzig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Romania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kely_autonomy_movement" title="Székely autonomy movement">Székely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvania%E2%80%93Banat_League" title="Transylvania–Banat League">Transylvania–Banat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkar_and_Karachay_nationalism" title="Balkar and Karachay nationalism">Balkar and Karachay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkortostan" title="Bashkortostan">Bashkir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria" title="Chechen Republic of Ichkeria">Chechen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_nationalism" title="Chuvash nationalism">Chuvash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_nationalism" title="Circassian nationalism">Circassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_People%27s_Republic" title="Crimean People's Republic">Crimean Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingush_nationalism" title="Ingush nationalism">Ingush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karelia" title="Karelia">Karelian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezgin_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Lezgin nationalism">Lezgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchurian_nationalism" title="Manchurian nationalism">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetia" title="Ossetia">Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1pmi" title="Sápmi">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_regionalism" title="Siberian regionalism">Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_nationalism" title="Tatar nationalism">Tatar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vojvodina_Autonomist_Movement" title="Vojvodina Autonomist Movement">Vojvodina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_nationalism" title="Andalusian nationalism">Andalusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aragonese_nationalism" title="Aragonese nationalism">Aragonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asturian_nationalism" title="Asturian nationalism">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_nationalism" title="Basque nationalism">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_nationalism" title="Canarian nationalism">Canarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castilian_nationalism" title="Castilian nationalism">Castilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_nationalism" title="Catalan nationalism">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_nationalism" title="Galician nationalism">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonese_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Leonese nationalism">Leonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murcian_nationalism" title="Murcian nationalism">Murcian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarrese_nationalism" title="Navarrese nationalism">Navarrese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_nationalism" title="Valencian nationalism">Valencian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sweden</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1pmi" title="Sápmi">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scania_Party" title="Scania Party">Scania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_nationalism" title="Assyrian nationalism">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megali_Idea" title="Megali Idea">Eastern Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_nationalism" title="Kurdish nationalism">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Armenia" title="United Armenia">Western Armenian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ukraine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_People%27s_Republic" title="Crimean People's Republic">Crimean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_nationalism" title="Cornish nationalism">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_nationalism" title="Ulster nationalism">Northern Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_nationalism" title="Scottish nationalism">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">United Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_nationalism" title="Welsh nationalism">Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First-level_NUTS_of_the_European_Union" title="First-level NUTS of the European Union">First-level NUTS of the European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ethnic_nationalism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_nationalism" title="Template:Ethnic nationalism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_nationalism" title="Template talk:Ethnic nationalism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_nationalism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic nationalism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_nationalism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">Ethnic nationalism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationalisms<br />in</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_nationalism" title="Arab nationalism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berberism" title="Berberism">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_nationalism" title="Coptic nationalism">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_nationalism" title="Egyptian nationalism">Egyptian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pharaonism" title="Pharaonism">Pharaonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabyle_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabyle nationalism">Kabyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_nationalism" title="Sahrawi nationalism">Sahrawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acholi_nationalism" title="Acholi nationalism">Acholi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amhara_nationalism" title="Amhara nationalism">Amhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutu_Power" title="Hutu Power">Hutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_nationalism" title="Somali nationalism">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigrayan_nationalism" title="Tigrayan nationalism">Tigrayan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nigeria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_nationalism" title="Igbo nationalism">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogoni_nationalism" title="Ogoni nationalism">Ogoni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_nationalism" title="Afrikaner nationalism">Afrikaner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_nationalism" title="Chicano nationalism">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_independence" title="Greenlandic independence">Greenlandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_self-government_in_Canada" title="Indigenous self-government in Canada">Indigenous Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Lakotah_proposal" title="Republic of Lakotah proposal">Lakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_nationalism" title="Quebec nationalism">Québécois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Sequoyah" title="State of Sequoyah">Sequoyahan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caribbean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noirism" title="Noirism">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_movement_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Independence movement in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rican</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_nationalism" title="Argentine nationalism">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creole_nationalism" title="Creole nationalism">Criollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_conflict" title="Mapuche conflict">Mapuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnocacerism" title="Ethnocacerism">Peruvian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Middle East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_nationalism" title="Arab nationalism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_nationalism" title="Assyrian nationalism">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_nationalism" title="Iranian nationalism">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_nationalism" title="Iraqi nationalism">Iraqi</a></li> <li>Jewish <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golus_nationalism" title="Golus nationalism">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_nationalism" title="Jordanian nationalism">Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_nationalism" title="Kurdish nationalism">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_nationalism" title="Lebanese nationalism">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_nationalism" title="Palestinian nationalism">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_nationalism" title="Syrian nationalism">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_nationalism" title="Turkish nationalism">Turkish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_nationalism" title="Turkish Cypriot nationalism">in Cyprus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaza_nationalism" title="Zaza nationalism">Zaza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_nationalism" title="Cantonese nationalism">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_nationalism" title="Chinese nationalism">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_nationalism" title="Han nationalism">Han</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Han_chauvinism" title="Han chauvinism">chauvinist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_nationalism" title="Hong Kong nationalism">Hongkonger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism_in_Japan" title="Ethnic nationalism in Japan">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_ethnic_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean ethnic nationalism">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchurian_nationalism" title="Manchurian nationalism">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawan nationalism">Okinawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_independence_movement" title="Ryukyu independence movement">Ryukyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_nationalism" title="Taiwanese nationalism">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_independence_movement" title="Tibetan independence movement">Tibetan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assam_separatist_movements" title="Assam separatist movements">Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_nationalism" title="Bengali nationalism">Bengali</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_nationalism" title="Bangladeshi nationalism">in Bangladesh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodo_nationalism" title="Bodo nationalism">Bodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_nationalism" title="Dravidian nationalism">Dravidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazara_nationalism" title="Hazara nationalism">Hazara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_nationalism" title="Meitei nationalism">Meitei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_nationalism" title="Naga nationalism">Naga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_nationalism" title="Punjabi nationalism">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_nationalism" title="Sindhi nationalism">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_Buddhist_nationalism" title="Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism">Sinhalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_nationalism" title="Tamil nationalism">Tamil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamil_nationalism" title="Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism">in Sri Lanka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_nationalism" title="Tripuri nationalism">Tripuri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South-eastern Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_nationalism" title="Filipino nationalism">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_nationalism" title="Khmer nationalism">Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Malay_nationalism" title="Early Malay nationalism">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Mon nationalism">Mon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shan_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Shan nationalism">Shan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_nationalism" title="Thai nationalism">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_nationalism" title="Vietnamese nationalism">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern & Middle Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_nationalism" title="Baloch nationalism">Baloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Mongolism" title="Pan-Mongolism">Mongolian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolian_independence_movement" title="Inner Mongolian independence movement">South Mongolia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Turkism" title="Pan-Turkism">Pan-Turkism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_nationalism" title="Pashtun nationalism">Pashtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_regionalism" title="Siberian regionalism">Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_nationalism" title="Uyghur nationalism">Uyghur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakut_nationalism" title="Yakut nationalism">Yakut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Caucasus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_nationalism" title="Armenian nationalism">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_nationalism" title="Azerbaijani nationalism">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_nationalism" title="Georgian nationalism">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laz_nationalism" title="Laz nationalism">Laz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeastern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nationalism" title="Albanian nationalism">Albanian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nationalism_in_Albania" title="Albanian nationalism in Albania">in Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nationalism_in_Kosovo" title="Albanian nationalism in Kosovo">in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nationalism_in_North_Macedonia" title="Albanian nationalism in North Macedonia">in North Macedonia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_nationalism" title="Aromanian nationalism">Aromanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniak_nationalism" title="Bosniak nationalism">Bosniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_nationalism" title="Croatian nationalism">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_nationalism" title="Greek nationalism">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Cypriot_nationalism" title="Greek Cypriot nationalism">in Cyprus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_nationalism" title="Macedonian nationalism">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovenism" title="Moldovenism">Moldovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_nationalism" title="Montenegrin nationalism">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Romani nationalism">Romani (Gypsy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_nationalism" title="Romanian nationalism">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_nationalism" title="Serbian nationalism">Serbian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_nationalism" title="Austrian nationalism">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_nationalism" title="Bavarian nationalism">Bavarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_nationalism" title="Czech nationalism">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frisian_nationalism" title="Frisian nationalism">Frisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_nationalism" title="German nationalism">German</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_nationalism_in_Austria" title="German nationalism in Austria">in Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_nationalism" title="Völkisch nationalism">Völkisch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nationalism" title="Hungarian nationalism">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_nationalism" title="Polish nationalism">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_independence" title="Silesian independence">Silesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_nationalism" title="Slovak nationalism">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_nationalism" title="Slovenian nationalism">Slovenian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_nationalism" title="Belarusian nationalism">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nationalism" title="Russian nationalism">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_nationalism" title="Ukrainian nationalism">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiddishist_movement" title="Yiddishist movement">Yiddish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Caucasus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkar_and_Karachay_nationalism" title="Balkar and Karachay nationalism">Balkar and Karachay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_nationalism" title="Circassian nationalism">Circassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingush_nationalism" title="Ingush nationalism">Ingush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezgin_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Lezgin nationalism">Lezgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_nationalism" title="Ossetian nationalism">Ossetian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Volga Region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_nationalism" title="Chuvash nationalism">Chuvash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_nationalism" title="Tatar nationalism">Tatar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breton_nationalism" title="Breton nationalism">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch nationalism">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Movement" title="Flemish Movement">Flemish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_nationalism" title="French nationalism">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_nationalism" title="Occitan nationalism">Occitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walloon_Movement" title="Walloon Movement">Walloon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_nationalism" title="British nationalism">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_nationalism" title="Cornish nationalism">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_nationalism" title="English nationalism">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_nationalism" title="Scottish nationalism">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_nationalism" title="Ulster nationalism">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_nationalism" title="Welsh nationalism">Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arpitania" title="Arpitania">Arpitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_nationalism" title="Basque nationalism">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_nationalism" title="Corsican nationalism">Corsican</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_nationalism" title="Italian nationalism">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_nationalism" title="Lombard nationalism">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padanian_nationalism" title="Padanian nationalism">Padanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_nationalism" title="Sardinian nationalism">Sardinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_nationalism" title="Sicilian nationalism">Sicilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_nationalism" title="Venetian nationalism">Venetian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_nationalism" title="Spanish nationalism">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_nationalism" title="Andalusian nationalism">Andalusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aragonese_nationalism" title="Aragonese nationalism">Aragonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asturian_nationalism" title="Asturian nationalism">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_nationalism" title="Basque nationalism">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_nationalism" title="Canarian nationalism">Canarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castilian_nationalism" title="Castilian nationalism">Castilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_nationalism" title="Catalan nationalism">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_nationalism" title="Galician nationalism">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navarrese_nationalism" title="Navarrese nationalism">Navarrese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_nationalism" title="Valencian nationalism">Valencian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_nationalism" title="Estonian nationalism">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_independence_movement" title="Faroese independence movement">Faroese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_nationalism" title="Finnish nationalism">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_nationalism" title="Icelandic nationalism">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_National_Revival" title="Lithuanian National Revival">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_nationalism" title="Norwegian nationalism">Norwegian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_nationalism" title="Australian nationalism">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement" title="Hawaiian sovereignty movement">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Indigenous_sovereignty" title="Australian Indigenous sovereignty">Indigenous Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_protest_movement" title="Māori protest movement">Māori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pan-nationalism" title="Pan-nationalism">Pan-nationalism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Arabism" title="Pan-Arabism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_nationalism" title="Bangladeshi nationalism">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Celticism" title="Pan-Celticism">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_nationalism" title="Chinese nationalism">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_nationalism_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="Congolese nationalism (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">Congolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_nationalism" title="Pan-European nationalism">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Finnicism" title="Pan-Finnicism">Finnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Germanism" title="Pan-Germanism">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhispanism" title="Panhispanism">Hispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberism" title="Iberism">Iberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationalism" title="Indian nationalism">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Iranism" title="Pan-Iranism">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_nationalism" title="Iraqi nationalism">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_reunification" title="Korean reunification">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Latinism" title="Pan-Latinism">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_nationalism" title="Libyan nationalism">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Mongolism" title="Pan-Mongolism">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Indianism" title="Pan-Indianism">Native American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_nationalism" title="Nigerian nationalism">Nigerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordism" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordism">Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Oceanian" title="Pan-Oceanian">Oceanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_nationalism" title="Pakistani nationalism">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nationalism" title="Russian nationalism">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavism" title="Scandinavism">Scandinavian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Slavism" title="Pan-Slavism">Slavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">South Slavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_nationalism" title="Tunisian nationalism">Tunisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turanism" title="Turanism">Turanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Turkism" title="Pan-Turkism">Turkic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ugandan nationalism">Ugandan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alsace independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_separatist_movements" title="Assam separatist movements">Assam separatist movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_independence_movement" title="Assyrian independence movement">Assyrian independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_independence_movement" title="Catalan independence movement">Catalan independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champa_independence_movement" title="Champa independence movement">Champa independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Turkestan_independence_movement" title="East Turkestan independence movement">East Turkestan independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_independence_movement" title="Faroese independence movement">Faroese independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Movement" title="Flemish Movement">Flemish Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Aceh_Movement" title="Free Aceh Movement">Free Aceh Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Papua_Movement" title="Free Papua Movement">Free Papua Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_%C3%85land" title="Future of Åland">Future of Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_independence_movement" title="Galician independence movement">Galician independence movement (Spain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_independence" title="Greenlandic independence">Greenlandic independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_nationalism" title="Cantonese nationalism">Guangdong Independence Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_sovereignty_movement" title="Hawaiian sovereignty movement">Hawaiian sovereignty movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolian_independence_movement" title="Inner Mongolian independence movement">Inner Mongolian independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashubian_Association" title="Kashubian Association">Kashubian Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_protest_movement" title="Māori protest movement">Māori protest movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallmapu" title="Wallmapu">Mapuche separatist movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Independence_Movement" title="Muslim Independence Movement">Muslim Independence Movement (Philippines)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_of_Corsica" title="National Liberation Front of Corsica">National Liberation Front of Corsica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patani_United_Liberation_Organisation" title="Patani United Liberation Organisation">Patani United Liberation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_independence_movement" title="Ryukyu independence movement">Ryukyu independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence" title="Scottish independence">Scottish independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_regionalism" title="Siberian regionalism">Siberian regionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Autonomy_Movement" title="Silesian Autonomy Movement">Silesian Autonomy Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kely_autonomy_movement" title="Székely autonomy movement">Székely autonomy movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_independence_movement" title="Tibetan independence movement">Tibetan independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vojvodina_Autonomist_Movement" title="Vojvodina Autonomist Movement">Vojvodina Autonomist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallmapuwen" title="Wallmapuwen">Wallmapuwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walloon_Movement" title="Walloon Movement">Walloon Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_independence" title="Welsh independence">Welsh independence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arakan" title="Arakan">Arakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azawad" title="Azawad">Azawad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balawaristan" title="Balawaristan">Balawaristan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro">Bangsamoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_(greater_region)" title="Basque Country (greater region)">Basque Country (greater region)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Countries" title="Catalan Countries">Catalan Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chameria" title="Chameria">Chameria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champa" title="Champa">Champa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria" title="Chechen Republic of Ichkeria">Chechen Republic of Ichkeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassia" title="Circassia">Circassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatay_State" title="Hatay State">Hatay State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazarajat" title="Hazarajat">Hazarajat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig" title="Free City of Danzig">Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Turkestan" title="East Turkestan">East Turkestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia" title="Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia">Herzeg-Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutu_Power" title="Hutu Power">Hutu Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilirida" title="Ilirida">Ilirida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakalpakstan" title="Karakalpakstan">Karakalpakstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karelia" title="Karelia">Karelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katarism" title="Katarism">Katarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketuanan_Melayu" title="Ketuanan Melayu">Ketuanan Melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezgistan" title="Lezgistan">Lezgistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathi_Abhimaangeet" title="Marathi Abhimaangeet">Marathi Abhimaangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Epirus" title="Northern Epirus">Northern Epirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitania" title="Occitania">Occitania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetia" title="Ossetia">Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtunistan" title="Pashtunistan">Pashtunistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_Department_(Bolivia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Cruz Department (Bolivia)">Santa Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1pmi" title="Sápmi">Sápmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraikistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saraikistan">Saraikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhudesh_movement" title="Sindhudesh movement">Sindhudesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kely_Land" title="Székely Land">Székely Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Eelam" title="Tamil Eelam">Tamil Eelam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_ethnic_nationalism" title="Local ethnic nationalism">Local (China)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_nationalism" title="Racial nationalism">Racial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenismo" title="Indigenismo">American Indigenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_nationalism" title="Black nationalism">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_nationalism" title="Völkisch nationalism">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenism" title="Indigenism">Indigenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_nationalism" title="White nationalism">White</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="wrap"><i><b>Note</b>: Forms of nationalism based primarily on <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic groups</a> are listed above. This does not imply that all nationalists with a given ethnicity subscribe to that form of <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">ethnic nationalism</a></i>.</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Alsace_topics_border&#124;25px&#124;class=noviewer" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alsace_topics" title="Template:Alsace topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alsace_topics" title="Template talk:Alsace topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alsace_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alsace topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Alsace_topics_border&#124;25px&#124;class=noviewer" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Alsace.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alsace.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Alsace.svg/35px-Flag_of_Alsace.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Alsace.svg/45px-Flag_of_Alsace.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a> topics <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Alsace_(historical).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Alsace_%28historical%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="825" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Administrative_divisions" title="Alsace">Administrative<br />divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bas-Rhin" title="Bas-Rhin">Bas-Rhin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>) <i>(<a href="/wiki/Unterelsa%C3%9F" title="Unterelsaß">Unterelsaß</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Haguenau-Wissembourg" title="Arrondissement of Haguenau-Wissembourg">Arrondissement of Haguenau-Wissembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Molsheim" title="Arrondissement of Molsheim">Arrondissement of Molsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Saverne" title="Arrondissement of Saverne">Arrondissement of Saverne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_S%C3%A9lestat-Erstein" title="Arrondissement of Sélestat-Erstein">Arrondissement of Sélestat-Erstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Strasbourg" title="Arrondissement of Strasbourg">Arrondissement of Strasbourg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Haut-Rhin" title="Haut-Rhin">Haut-Rhin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Colmar" title="Colmar">Colmar</a>) <i>(<a href="/wiki/Oberelsa%C3%9F" title="Oberelsaß">Oberelsaß</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Altkirch" title="Arrondissement of Altkirch">Arrondissement of Altkirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Colmar-Ribeauvill%C3%A9" title="Arrondissement of Colmar-Ribeauvillé">Arrondissement of Colmar-Ribeauvillé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Mulhouse" title="Arrondissement of Mulhouse">Arrondissement of Mulhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissement_of_Thann-Guebwiller" title="Arrondissement of Thann-Guebwiller">Arrondissement of Thann-Guebwiller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Alsace" title="Coat of arms of Alsace"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BlasonAlsace.svg/100px-BlasonAlsace.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BlasonAlsace.svg/150px-BlasonAlsace.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/BlasonAlsace.svg/200px-BlasonAlsace.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Alsace" title="Coat of arms of Alsace"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arms_of_Alsace_%281663%29.svg/100px-Arms_of_Alsace_%281663%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arms_of_Alsace_%281663%29.svg/150px-Arms_of_Alsace_%281663%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arms_of_Alsace_%281663%29.svg/200px-Arms_of_Alsace_%281663%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1340" data-file-height="1655" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alsatian_dialect" title="Alsatian dialect">Alsatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Culture" title="Alsace">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Alsace" title="Coat of arms of Alsace">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Alsace" title="Flag of Alsace">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Els%C3%A4ssisches_Fahnenlied" title="Elsässisches Fahnenlied">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alsatians_and_Lotharingians#Alsatians" title="List of Alsatians and Lotharingians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Demographics" title="Alsace">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelsch_d%27Alsace" title="Kelsch d'Alsace">Kelsch</a></li> <li><i>Musée alsacien</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_alsacien_(Haguenau)" title="Musée alsacien (Haguenau)">Hagenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_alsacien_(Strasbourg)" title="Musée alsacien (Strasbourg)">Strasbourg</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_council_of_Alsace" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional council of Alsace">Regional council of Alsace</a> (1982–2015)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alsace independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Est" title="Grand Est">Grand Est</a> (since 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Collectivity_of_Alsace" title="European Collectivity of Alsace">European Collectivity of Alsace</a> (since 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Alsace" title="Assembly of Alsace">Assembly of Alsace</a> (since 2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#Religion" title="Alsace">Religion</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Local_law_in_Alsace%E2%80%93Moselle" title="Local law in Alsace–Moselle">according</a> to the<br />1801 <a href="/wiki/Concordat_in_Alsace%E2%80%93Moselle" title="Concordat in Alsace–Moselle">Concordat in<br />Alsace–Moselle</a>, <br /><i>including <a href="/wiki/Lorraine" title="Lorraine">Lorraine</a></i>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Strasbourg" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg">Archdiocese of Strasbourg</a></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Exemption_(canon_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exemption (canon law)">Immediately subject</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></small> <ul><li><i>(<a href="/wiki/Lorraine" title="Lorraine">Lorraine</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Metz" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Metz">Diocese of Metz</a>)</i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Protestant_Churches_of_Alsace_and_Lorraine" title="Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine">Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_of_Alsace_and_Lorraine" title="Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine">Protestant Church of the Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformed_Church_of_Alsace_and_Lorraine" title="Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine">Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judaism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Alsace" title="History of the Jews in Alsace">History of the Jews in Alsace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consistory_(Judaism)" title="Consistory (Judaism)">consistories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Grand_Est" title="Category:Sport in Grand Est">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RC_Strasbourg_Alsace" title="RC Strasbourg Alsace">RC Strasbourg Alsace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIG_Strasbourg" title="SIG Strasbourg">SIG Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SC_Schiltigheim" title="SC Schiltigheim">SC Schiltigheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FC_S%C3%A9lestat" title="FC Sélestat">FC Sélestat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9lestat_Alsace_Handball" title="Sélestat Alsace Handball">Sélestat Alsace Handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FC_Vendenheim" title="FC Vendenheim">FC Vendenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89toile_Noire_de_Strasbourg" title="Étoile Noire de Strasbourg">Étoile Noire de Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationaux_de_Strasbourg" title="Internationaux de Strasbourg">Internationaux de Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rallye_de_France_Alsace" title="Rallye de France Alsace">Rallye de France Alsace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rallye_Alsace-Vosges" title="Rallye Alsace-Vosges">Rallye Alsace-Vosges</a></li></ul></li> <li>See also: <i><a href="/wiki/Alsace_de_Bagnolet" title="Alsace de Bagnolet">Alsace de Bagnolet</a></i> (Paris)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alsace#History" title="Alsace">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germania_Superior" title="Germania Superior">Germania Superior</a> (<i>Pagus Alsatiae</i>) (83–475) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentoratum" title="Argentoratum">Argentoratum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Route_Romane_d%27Alsace" title="Route Romane d'Alsace">Route Romane d'Alsace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alemanni" title="Alemanni">Alemanni</a> (circa 213–496)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamannia" title="Alamannia">Alamannia</a> (3rd-century–911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Alsace" title="Duchy of Alsace">Duchy of Alsace</a> (circa 630–699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Strasbourg" title="Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg">Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg</a> (982–1803)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Ferrette" title="County of Ferrette">County of Ferrette</a> (11th-century–14th-century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salm_(state)" title="Salm (state)">Salm</a> (1165−1793)</li> <li>Landgraviate of Alsace (1186–1646) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Alsace" title="Lower Alsace">Lower Alsace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Alsace" title="Upper Alsace">Upper Alsace</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Further_Austria" title="Further Austria">Further Austria</a> (13th-century–1648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9capole" title="Décapole">Décapole</a> (1354–1679)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanau-Lichtenberg" title="Hanau-Lichtenberg">County of Hanau-Lichtenberg</a> (1456–1736)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Rhenish_Circle" title="Upper Rhenish Circle">Upper Rhenish Circle</a> (1500-1679)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Bank_of_the_Rhine" title="Left Bank of the Rhine">Left Bank of the Rhine</a> (1814-1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsace%E2%80%93Lorraine" title="Alsace–Lorraine">Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine</a> (1871–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gau_Baden" title="Gau Baden">Gau Baden-Elsaß</a> (1940–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a> (1945–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Est" title="Grand Est">Grand Est</a> (2016–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&oldid=1251510150">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alsace_independence_movement&oldid=1251510150</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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