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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Classification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lexical_comparison" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lexical_comparison"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lexical comparison</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lexical_comparison-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Lexical comparison subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lexical_comparison-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nyima_&_Suzuki_(2019)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nyima_&_Suzuki_(2019)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Nyima & Suzuki (2019)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nyima_&_Suzuki_(2019)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suzuki_&_Nyima_(2018)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suzuki_&_Nyima_(2018)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Suzuki & Nyima (2018)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suzuki_&_Nyima_(2018)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changdu_Gazetteer_(2005)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changdu_Gazetteer_(2005)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span><i>Changdu Gazetteer</i> (2005)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changdu_Gazetteer_(2005)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info-current"><p><b>This is the <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">current revision</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/User:Citation_bot" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Citation bot" data-mw-revid="1188880226"><bdi>Citation bot</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Citation_bot" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Citation bot">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Citation_bot" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Citation bot">contribs</a>)</span></span> at <span id="mw-revision-date">07:10, 8 December 2023</span><span id="mw-revision-summary"> <span class="comment">(Add: s2cid. | <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:UCB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:UCB">Use this bot</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DBUG" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DBUG">Report bugs</a>. | Suggested by Snowman304 | <a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_China" title="Category:Languages of China">Category:Languages of China</a> | #UCB_Category 56/91)</span></span>. The present address (URL) is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">permanent link</a> to this version.</b></p><div id="revision-info-current-plain" style="display: none;">Revision as of 07:10, 8 December 2023 by <a href="/wiki/User:Citation_bot" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Citation bot" data-mw-revid="1188880226"><bdi>Citation bot</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Citation_bot" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Citation bot">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Citation_bot" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Citation bot">contribs</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(Add: s2cid. | <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:UCB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:UCB">Use this bot</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DBUG" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DBUG">Report bugs</a>. | Suggested by Snowman304 | <a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_China" title="Category:Languages of China">Category:Languages of China</a> | #UCB_Category 56/91)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&diff=prev&oldid=1188880226" title="Chamdo languages">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&direction=prev&oldid=1188880226" title="Chamdo languages">← Previous revision</a> | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Group of Sino-Tibetan languages</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: salmon;">Chamdo</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: salmon;">Chamdoic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Geographic<br />distribution</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chamdo" title="Chamdo">Chamdo</a> Prefecture, <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Linguistic classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_languages" title="Sino-Tibetan languages">Sino-Tibetan</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:15px;padding-left:0"><li>(unclassified); <br /><a href="/wiki/Qiangic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Qiangic language">Qiangic</a>? <br /><a href="/wiki/Rgyalrongic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Rgyalrongic languages">rGyalrongic</a>?<ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:5px;padding-left:0"><li><b>Chamdo</b></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="plainlist"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subdivisions</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lamo_language" title="Lamo language">Lamo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a></i></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: salmon;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><samp><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/cham1336">cham1336</a></code></samp></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Chamdo languages</b> are a group of recently discovered, closely related <a href="/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_languages" title="Sino-Tibetan languages">Sino-Tibetan languages</a> spoken in <a href="/wiki/Chamdo" title="Chamdo">Chamdo</a> Prefecture, <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Suzuki2018_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suzuki2018-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their position within the Sino-Tibetan language family is currently uncertain. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages">Languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Chamdo languages are:<sup id="cite_ref-NyimaSuzuki_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NyimaSuzuki-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamo_language" title="Lamo language">Lamo</a>, <a href="/wiki/GSerkhu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="GSerkhu language">gSerkhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jiang (2022) provides the following computational phylogenetic classification of the Chamdo languages.<sup id="cite_ref-JiangHuo2022_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JiangHuo2022-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">Chamdo </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rumei_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Rumei language">Rumei</a> 如美话 (<a href="/wiki/Markam_County" title="Markam County">Markam County</a> 芒康县) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/GSerkhu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="GSerkhu language">gSerkhu</a>/Suku 素苦话 (<a href="/wiki/Zayu_County" title="Zayu County">Zayu County</a> 察隅县) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lamo_language" title="Lamo language">Lamo</a>/Dongba 东坝话 (<a href="/wiki/Zogang_County" title="Zogang County">Zogang County</a> 左贡县) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a> 拉茸话 (<a href="/wiki/Zogang_County" title="Zogang County">Zogang County</a> 左贡县) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a> cluster: Mang 芒话 and Maji 玛吉话 (<a href="/wiki/Zhag%27yab_County" title="Zhag'yab County">Zhag'yab County</a> 察雅县) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lexical_comparison">Lexical comparison</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lexical comparison"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nyima_&_Suzuki_(2019)"><span id="Nyima_.26_Suzuki_.282019.29"></span>Nyima & Suzuki (2019)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Nyima & Suzuki (2019)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lexical comparisons of numerals in four Chamdo languages from Nyima & Suzuki (2019):<sup id="cite_ref-NyimaSuzuki_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NyimaSuzuki-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Gloss</th> <th>Larong</th> <th>Drag-yab</th> <th>gSerkhu</th> <th>Lamo </th></tr> <tr> <td>one</td> <td>ˊte khɯ</td> <td>ˊtɛ</td> <td>ˊtɕɛ</td> <td>ˉdə </td></tr> <tr> <td>two</td> <td>ˊne</td> <td>ˊne</td> <td>ˊna</td> <td>ˉna </td></tr> <tr> <td>three</td> <td>ˊsɔ̃</td> <td>ˊsɔ̃</td> <td>ˊsɔ̃</td> <td>ˉsɔ̰̃ </td></tr> <tr> <td>four</td> <td>ˊɣə</td> <td>ˉʑe</td> <td>ˊli</td> <td>ˉlə̰ </td></tr> <tr> <td>five</td> <td>ˉŋa</td> <td>ˊŋɑ</td> <td>ˊɴɑ</td> <td>ˉɴwə̰˞ </td></tr> <tr> <td>six</td> <td>ˊtɕhu</td> <td>ˉntɕho</td> <td>ˊtɕhu</td> <td>ˊtɕi </td></tr> <tr> <td>seven</td> <td>ˊn̥i</td> <td>ˉȵ̊e</td> <td>ˊȵ̊ɛ</td> <td>ˉn̥i </td></tr> <tr> <td>eight</td> <td>ˊɕe</td> <td>ˉɕe</td> <td>ˊɕɛ</td> <td>ˉɦdʑə </td></tr> <tr> <td>nine</td> <td>ˊɦgɯ</td> <td>ˉɴɢo</td> <td>ˊku</td> <td>ˉŋgo </td></tr> <tr> <td>ten</td> <td>ˉʔa qõ</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ qo</td> <td>ˉχɑ</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>eleven</td> <td>ˉʔa’ tə</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ tɛ</td> <td>ˉhtɕo htɕiʔ</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>twelve</td> <td>ˉʔa’ ne</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ ne</td> <td>ˉhtɕo ɦȵi</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>thirteen</td> <td>ˉʔɔ’ sɔ̃</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ sɔ̃</td> <td>ˉhtɕu hsɔ̃</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>fourteen</td> <td>ˉʔɔ’ ɣə</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ ʑe</td> <td>ˉhtɕʉ ɦʑə</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>fifteen</td> <td>ˉʔɑ’ ɴɑ</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ ɴɑ̰</td> <td>ˉhtɕɛ ɦŋa</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>sixteen</td> <td>ˉʔo’ tɕhu</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ntɕho</td> <td>ˉhtɕu ʈuʔ</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>seventeen</td> <td>ˉʔɔ’ ȵ̊e</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ȵ̊e</td> <td>ˉhtɕu ɦdʉ̃</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>eighteen</td> <td>ˉʔɔ’ ɕɛ</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ ɕe</td> <td>ˉhtɕu ɦdʑɛʔ</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>nineteen</td> <td>ˉʔɛ’ ɴɢə</td> <td>ˊɦa̰ɴɢo</td> <td>ˉhtɕu ɦgu</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>twenty</td> <td>ˉnɑ</td> <td>ˊnɑ</td> <td>ˊȵi ɕu</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suzuki_&_Nyima_(2018)"><span id="Suzuki_.26_Nyima_.282018.29"></span>Suzuki & Nyima (2018)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Suzuki & Nyima (2018)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Suzuki & Nyima (2018: 4-6) provide the following lexical items for Lamo, <a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Suzuki2018_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suzuki2018-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The lexical data below is based on the following dialects. </p> <ul><li>Kyilwa 格瓦 dialect of Lamo</li> <li>Tangre Chaya 达日 (<a href="/wiki/Markam_County" title="Markam County">sMarkhams</a>) and Phagpa 坝巴 (<a href="/wiki/Zogang_County" title="Zogang County">mDzogang</a>) dialects of <a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a></li> <li>Razi 热孜 dialect of <a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Cognates</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable IPA sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>no.</th> <th>gloss</th> <th>Lamo</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>bitter</td> <td>qa˥ qʰɛ˥</td> <td>n̥tsʰə˥</td> <td>tsʰə˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>cry</td> <td>qo˧˥</td> <td>qo̰˧˥</td> <td>qə˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>earth</td> <td>ndzɔ̰˧˥</td> <td>ndzɑ˧˥</td> <td>ndza˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>eat</td> <td>ndzə˥</td> <td>ndzə˥</td> <td>ndzə˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>house</td> <td>tɕi˥</td> <td>tɕo˥</td> <td>tɕẽ˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>blood</td> <td>se˥</td> <td>se˥</td> <td>sɛ˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>needle</td> <td>ʁɑ˧˥</td> <td>ʁɑ˧˥</td> <td>ʁɑ˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>cow</td> <td>ŋʉ˧˥</td> <td>ŋʉ˧˥</td> <td>ŋu˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>wait</td> <td>ɦlḭ˥</td> <td>ɦle˥</td> <td>ɦli˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>horse</td> <td>re˧˥</td> <td>re˥</td> <td>re˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>salt</td> <td>tsʰo˥</td> <td>n̥tsʰə˥</td> <td>tsʰə˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td>six</td> <td>tɕi˧˥</td> <td>tɕʰu˧˥</td> <td>tɕʰu˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>meat</td> <td>tɕʰi˧˥</td> <td>ɲtɕʰi˥</td> <td>ɲ̥tɕʰə˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td>you</td> <td>nə˥</td> <td>ɲe˥</td> <td>ɲa˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td>seven</td> <td>n̥i˥</td> <td>n̥i˧˥</td> <td>ɲ̥e˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td>hand</td> <td>lu˧˥</td> <td>ndi˥</td> <td>nde˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td>butter</td> <td>jwɚ̰˥</td> <td>wa˥</td> <td>we˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td>head</td> <td>wɔ̰˥</td> <td>wɔ̰˥</td> <td>ʁo̰˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>19</td> <td>eye</td> <td>məʔ˥ do˧</td> <td>ɦɲi˥</td> <td>ɲə˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>20</td> <td>nose</td> <td>n̥ʉ˥</td> <td>ɲ̥u˥</td> <td>n̥a˥ rə˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>21</td> <td>tongue</td> <td>ʰl̥ə˥</td> <td>ndə̰˥</td> <td>mda˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>22</td> <td>tooth</td> <td>xʉ˧˥</td> <td>ʰl̥i˧˥</td> <td>xɯ˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>23</td> <td>milk</td> <td>χɔ̰˧˥</td> <td>ʰl̥ɔ̰˥</td> <td>χl̥ɔ̰˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>24</td> <td>moon</td> <td>le˥</td> <td>ɦli˥</td> <td>ɦla̰˧ jḭ˧ </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Non-cognates</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable IPA sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>no.</th> <th>gloss</th> <th>Lamo</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>25</td> <td>mouth</td> <td>ɲ̥tɕʰu˥ to˧ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</td> <td>mu˧˥</td> <td>ɕi˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>26</td> <td>foot</td> <td>siʔ˥ ka˧</td> <td>ŋɡɯ˧˥</td> <td>pʰə˥ ndɯ˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>27</td> <td>liver</td> <td>se˥</td> <td>je˥</td> <td>ɲ̥tɕʰĩ˥ mbi˧ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>28</td> <td>laugh</td> <td>ɦɡɛ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</td> <td>n̥tsʰə˧˥</td> <td>ʁə˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>29</td> <td>sleep</td> <td>nə˥ ɦgɯ˧</td> <td>jṵ˧˥</td> <td>nə˧˥ mḛ˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>30</td> <td>child</td> <td>no˥ no˧</td> <td>n̥tʰe˥</td> <td>ɲa˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>31</td> <td>take</td> <td>le˧˥</td> <td>ɣi˧˥</td> <td>tɕʰõ˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>32</td> <td>search</td> <td>xɯ˥</td> <td>ɦzɔ̃˥</td> <td>ɲə˧˥ ŋo˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>33</td> <td>forget</td> <td>nɛ˧˥ tʰa˥</td> <td>ɦmɛ˥</td> <td>ɣə˧˥ ɦmu˧ se˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>34</td> <td>sky</td> <td>ɦnɑ˥ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</td> <td>ŋo˥</td> <td>mo˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>35</td> <td>sun</td> <td>nə˥</td> <td>ɲi˧˥</td> <td>ɲi˧˥ me˧ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>36</td> <td>red</td> <td>ɦmaʔ ɦma˧ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</td> <td>nḛ˥ nḛ˧</td> <td>ndja̰˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>37</td> <td>body hair</td> <td>ʰpu˥ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</td> <td>mɔ˧˥</td> <td>mo̰˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>38</td> <td>urine</td> <td>qo˥</td> <td>pi˧˥</td> <td>bi˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>39</td> <td>look</td> <td>ʈu˥</td> <td>ŋi˧˥</td> <td>tʰa˧˥ ŋɛ̃˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>40</td> <td>person</td> <td>mə˧˥</td> <td>ŋʉ˥ nɛ̰˧</td> <td>ɦŋɯʔ˥ ɲi˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>41</td> <td>male</td> <td>no˥</td> <td>zə˧˥</td> <td>zə˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>42</td> <td>daughter</td> <td>nu˧˥ mo˧</td> <td>m̥e˧˥</td> <td>m̥ə˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>43</td> <td>road</td> <td>tɕə˥</td> <td>rɛ˥</td> <td>ra˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>44</td> <td>fear</td> <td>ɦlɛ˥</td> <td>ɦɣe˥</td> <td>ɣe˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>45</td> <td>be born</td> <td>no˥ mbə˧</td> <td>ndzə˧˥</td> <td>ndzɑ˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>46</td> <td>go</td> <td>xɯ˥</td> <td>n̥tʰõ˥</td> <td>n̥tʰɛ̃˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>47</td> <td>shout</td> <td>kəʔ˥ ɕi˧</td> <td>rɛ˥</td> <td>rḛ˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>48</td> <td>four</td> <td>lə̰˥</td> <td>ɦɣə˧˥ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</td> <td>ɦɣe˧˥ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>49</td> <td>eight</td> <td>ɦdʑə˥ (< <a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Tibetan</a>)</td> <td>ɕe˧˥</td> <td>ɕa˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>50</td> <td>ten</td> <td>ʁɑ˧˥</td> <td>ʔa˥ qõ˧</td> <td>ɦa̰˧˥ ʁõ˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>51</td> <td>twenty</td> <td>ɲe˧˥ qɑ˧</td> <td>nɑ˧˥</td> <td>nɑ˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>52</td> <td>be sick</td> <td>ŋo˥</td> <td>nø̰˧˥</td> <td>nɛ˧˥ ŋa˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>53</td> <td>rain</td> <td>mo˧˥</td> <td>tsu˥</td> <td>mo˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>54</td> <td>wear</td> <td>to˧˥ ŋɡʉ˧</td> <td>ŋɡu˥</td> <td>qe˧˥ </td></tr> <tr> <td>55</td> <td>wind</td> <td>mɛ̰˥</td> <td>ŋɑ˧˥ mi˧</td> <td>ɦdʑa˧˥ ɦɡə˧ rə˧ </td></tr> <tr> <td>56</td> <td>wipe</td> <td>nə˥ ɕə˧</td> <td>ɕḛ̃˥</td> <td>xɔ̰˧˥ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changdu_Gazetteer_(2005)"><span id="Changdu_Gazetteer_.282005.29"></span><i>Changdu Gazetteer</i> (2005)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Changdu Gazetteer (2005)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Changdu Gazetteer</i> (2005: 819)<sup id="cite_ref-Changdu2005_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Changdu2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> provides the following comparative data in Tibetan script. The table below uses <a href="/wiki/Wylie_romanization" class="mw-redirect" title="Wylie romanization">Wylie romanization</a>. English translations for the Chinese glosses are also provided. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>English gloss</th> <th>Chinese gloss</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Lhasa_Tibetan" title="Lhasa Tibetan">Lhasa Tibetan</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan" title="Khams Tibetan">Khams Tibetan</a> <br />(Chamdo)</th> <th>Lamo <br />(Dongba 东坝话)</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a> <br />(Rumei 如美话)</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a> <br />(Zesong 则松话) </th></tr> <tr> <td>house</td> <td>房子</td> <td>ཁང་པ (khang pa)</td> <td>ཁོང་པ (khong pa)</td> <td>ཅིས (cis)</td> <td>ཅོང (cong)</td> <td>ཅིམ (cim) </td></tr> <tr> <td>chhaang (Tibetan alcohol)</td> <td>青稞酒</td> <td>ཆང (chang)</td> <td>ཆོང (chong)</td> <td>ཨོས (os)</td> <td>ཆང (chang)</td> <td>དགེས (dges) </td></tr> <tr> <td>hand</td> <td>手</td> <td>ལག་པ (lag pa)</td> <td>ལག་པ (lag pa)</td> <td>ལུའུ (lu'u)</td> <td>འདིས ('dis)</td> <td>འདིས ('dis) </td></tr> <tr> <td>ride horse</td> <td>骑马</td> <td>རྟ་བཞོན (rta bzhon)</td> <td>རྟ་ཀྱ (rta kya)</td> <td>རིས་གྱིས (ris gyis)</td> <td>རེ་གག (re gag)</td> <td>རེའུ་ན་ཚེམ (re'u na tshem) </td></tr> <tr> <td>hat</td> <td>帽子</td> <td>ཞྭ་མོ (zhwa mo)</td> <td>ཞ་མགོ (zha mgo)</td> <td>ཇའ (ja'a)</td> <td>དེའུ (de'u)</td> <td>དེའུ (de'u) </td></tr> <tr> <td>eat rice</td> <td>吃饭</td> <td>ཁ་ལག་ཟས (kha lag zas)</td> <td>ཟ་མ་ཟ (za ma za)</td> <td>ཆོག་ཅོག་ཏོས (chog cog tos)</td> <td>གཟིས་མའི་མཛད (gzis ma'i mdzad)</td> <td>གཟིན་ཐོ་འམ (gzin tho 'am) </td></tr> <tr> <td>sheep</td> <td>绵羊</td> <td>ལུག (lug)</td> <td>ལུག (lug)</td> <td>ཡིས (yis)</td> <td>ལའ (la'a)</td> <td>ལྭའུ (lwa'u) </td></tr> <tr> <td>beautiful</td> <td>漂亮</td> <td>སྙིང་རྗེ་མོ (snying rje mo)</td> <td>གཅེས་ལི་མ (gces li ma)</td> <td>ཀ་ཞིས་ཉིས (ka zhis nyis)</td> <td>དངེས་ཡིས (dnges yis)</td> <td>དངུད་ལུ (dngud lu) </td></tr> <tr> <td>donkey</td> <td>毛驴</td> <td>བོང་བུ (bong bu)</td> <td>ཀུ་རུ (ku ru)</td> <td>བ་ཅི (ba ci)</td> <td>ཅོའུ (co'u)</td> <td>གུའུའུ (gu'u'u) </td></tr> <tr> <td>salt</td> <td>盐</td> <td>ཚྭ (tshwa)</td> <td>ཚྭ (tshwa)</td> <td>ཚོག་ཏི (tshog ti)</td> <td>ཚེའུ (tshe'u)</td> <td>ཚྭའུ (tshwa'u) </td></tr> <tr> <td>swell</td> <td>肿</td> <td>སྐྲངས་པ (skrangs pa)</td> <td>སྐྲོང་པ (skrong pa)</td> <td>སྐྲེ་བེ (skre be)</td> <td>དུ་རགས (du rags)</td> <td>དུའུ་རམས (du'u rams) </td></tr> <tr> <td>head</td> <td>头</td> <td>མགོ (mgo)</td> <td>མགོ (mgo)</td> <td>དབུ (dbu)</td> <td>དབོག (dbog)</td> <td>གཞོག (gzhog) </td></tr> <tr> <td>child</td> <td>小孩</td> <td>སྤུ་གུ (spu gu)</td> <td>ཉོག (nyog)</td> <td>ཉོག་ཉོག (nyog nyog)</td> <td>ཐད (thad)</td> <td>ཆ་ཆོག (cha chog) </td></tr> <tr> <td>dry beef</td> <td>干牛肉</td> <td>ཤ་སྐམ (sha skam)</td> <td>ཤ་སྐམ (sha skam)</td> <td>བྱིས་རོ (byis ro)</td> <td>ཆེས་རོང་རོང (ches rong rong)</td> <td>ཆོའུ་རིམ་རིམ (cho'u rim rim) </td></tr> <tr> <td>What is this?</td> <td>这是什么</td> <td>དེ་ག་རེ་རེད (de ga re red)</td> <td>འདི་ཆི་རེད་ལས ('di chi red las)</td> <td>ཏེ་ཧ་ཆོས (te ha chos)</td> <td>ཨེ་ཏི་ཐོའུ (e ti tho'u)</td> <td>ཙེ་དུ་ཁྱི (tse du khyi) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Where are you going?</td> <td>你去哪里</td> <td>རང་ག་བ་འགྲོ་ག (rang ga ba 'gro ga)</td> <td>ཁྱོད་ག་ན་འགྲོ་ཇི (khyod ga na 'gro ji)</td> <td>ནི་རི་ཧི་ལོ་ཤས (ni ri hi lo shas)</td> <td>གནད་མདོ་ཧུ་ནུ་ངོག (gnad mdo hu nu ngog)</td> <td>འདེ་རུ་ཧེན ('de ru hen) </td></tr> <tr> <td>crazy person</td> <td>疯子</td> <td>སྨྱོན་པ (smyon pa)</td> <td>མྱོན་པ (myon pa)</td> <td>འ་རོ ('a ro)</td> <td>སྨྱོན་འབས (smyon 'bas)</td> <td>ཡ་རོག (ya rog) </td></tr> <tr> <td>crow (bird)</td> <td>乌鸦</td> <td>པུ་རོག (pu rog)</td> <td>ཁ་ཏ (kha ta)</td> <td>ཕོ་རོག (pho rog)</td> <td>ཁ་གཏེ (kha gte)</td> <td>ཕུའུ་རོག (phu'u rog) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Thank you.</td> <td>谢谢</td> <td>ཐུགས་རྗེ་ཆེ (thugs rje che)</td> <td>ཡག་བྲུང (yag brung)</td> <td>བྱུ་ནུ་པུ་ང་ཉིད་གུ་ནི་ད (byu nu pu nga nyid gu ni da)</td> <td>དེ་སྒྲ་དགེ (de sgra dge)</td> <td>ཏི་སྒྲ་དགེ (ti sgra dge) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Suzuki2018-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Suzuki2018_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Suzuki2018_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Suzuki, Hiroyuki and Tashi Nyima. 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235308">Historical relationship among three non-Tibetic languages in Chamdo, TAR</a>. <i>Proceedings of the 51st International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics (2018)</i>. Kyoto: Kyoto University.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zhao, Haoliang. 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235318">A brief introduction to Zlarong, a newly recognized language in Mdzo sgang, TAR</a>. <i>Proceedings of the 51st International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics (2018)</i>. Kyoto: Kyoto University.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacques, Guillaumes. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://panchr.hypotheses.org/1464">Les journées d'études sur les langues du Sichuan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NyimaSuzuki-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NyimaSuzuki_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NyimaSuzuki_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTashi_NyimaHiroyuki_Suzuki2019" class="citation journal cs1">Tashi Nyima; Hiroyuki Suzuki (2019). "Newly recognised languages in Chamdo: Geography, culture, history, and language". <i>Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area</i>. <b>42</b> (1): 38–81. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1075%2Fltba.18004.nyi">10.1075/ltba.18004.nyi</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0731-3500">0731-3500</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:198090294">198090294</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Linguistics+of+the+Tibeto-Burman+Area&rft.atitle=Newly+recognised+languages+in+Chamdo%3A+Geography%2C+culture%2C+history%2C+and+language&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=38-81&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A198090294%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0731-3500&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1075%2Fltba.18004.nyi&rft.au=Tashi+Nyima&rft.au=Hiroyuki+Suzuki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChamdo+languages" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JiangHuo2022-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JiangHuo2022_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJiang2022" class="citation journal cs1">Jiang, Huo 江荻 (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibetology.ac.cn/2023-02/28/content_42276501.htm">"Linguistic diversity and classification in Tibet 西藏的语言多样性及其分类"</a>. <i>Zhongguo Zangxue 中国藏学</i>. <b>6</b><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-16</span></span> – via Chinese Tibetology Center 中国藏学研究中心.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zhongguo+Zangxue+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%97%8F%E5%AD%A6&rft.atitle=Linguistic+diversity+and+classification+in+Tibet+%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%A4%9A%E6%A0%B7%E6%80%A7%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB&rft.volume=6&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Jiang&rft.aufirst=Huo+%E6%B1%9F%E8%8D%BB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tibetology.ac.cn%2F2023-02%2F28%2Fcontent_42276501.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChamdo+languages" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Changdu2005-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Changdu2005_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Xizang Changdu Diqu Difangzhi Bianzuan Weiyuanhui 西藏昌都地区地方志编纂委员会 (2005). Changdu Diquzhi 昌都地区志. Beijing: Fangzhi Chubanshe 方志出版社.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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branches</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/West_Himalayish_languages" title="West Himalayish languages">West Himalayish</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tamangic_languages" title="Tamangic languages">Tamangic</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newaric_languages" title="Newaric languages">Newaric</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Newar_language" title="Newar language">Newar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baram%E2%80%93Thangmi_languages" title="Baram–Thangmi languages">Baram–Thangmi</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kiranti_languages" title="Kiranti languages">Kiranti</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhimalish_languages" title="Dhimalish languages">Dhimalish</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhimal_language" title="Dhimal language">Dhimal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toto_language" title="Toto language">Toto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lhokpu_language" title="Lhokpu language">Lhokpu</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lepcha_language" title="Lepcha language">Lepcha</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Greater_Magaric" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Magaric_languages" title="Greater Magaric languages">Greater Magaric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magaric_languages" title="Magaric languages">Magaric</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Magar_language" title="Magar language">Magar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kham_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kham language">Kham</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chepangic_languages" title="Chepangic languages">Chepangic</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chepang_language" title="Chepang language">Chepang</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhujel_language" title="Bhujel language">Bhujel</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raji%E2%80%93Raute_languages" title="Raji–Raute languages">Raji–Raute</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dura_language" title="Dura language">Dura</a></i>–<i><a href="/wiki/Tandrange_language" title="Tandrange language">Tandrange</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sino-Tibetan_Languages_Map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of Sino-Tibetan languages"><img alt="Map of Sino-Tibetan languages" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Sino-Tibetan_Languages_Map.png/200px-Sino-Tibetan_Languages_Map.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Sino-Tibetan_Languages_Map.png/300px-Sino-Tibetan_Languages_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Sino-Tibetan_Languages_Map.png/400px-Sino-Tibetan_Languages_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="2115" data-file-height="2792" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bodish_languages" title="Bodish languages">Bodish</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Tibetic_languages" title="Tibetic languages">Tibetic</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bodish_languages" title="East Bodish languages">East Bodish</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tshangla_language" title="Tshangla language">Tshangla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Basum_language" title="Basum language">Basum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nam_language" title="Nam language">Nam</a></i>?</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gongduk_language" title="Gongduk language">Gongduk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%CA%BCOle_language" title="ʼOle language">ʼOle</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tani_languages" title="Tani languages">Tani</a></b></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chamdo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> and Indo-<br />Burmese border</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Karbi_language" title="Karbi language">Karbi</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kuki-Chin_languages" title="Kuki-Chin languages">Kuki-Chin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mruic_languages" title="Mruic languages">Mruic</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mru_language" title="Mru language">Mru</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anu-Hkongso_language" title="Anu-Hkongso language">Hkongso</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyu_language_(Sino-Tibetan)" title="Pyu language (Sino-Tibetan)">Pyu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taman_language_(Myanmar)" title="Taman language (Myanmar)">Taman</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"<a href="/wiki/Naga_languages" title="Naga languages">Naga</a>"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ao_languages" title="Ao languages">Ao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angami%E2%80%93Pochuri_languages" title="Angami–Pochuri languages">Angami–Pochuri</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangkhulic_languages" title="Tangkhulic languages">Tangkhulic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zemeic_languages" title="Zemeic languages">Zeme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sal_languages" title="Sal languages">Sal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boro%E2%80%93Garo_languages" title="Boro–Garo languages">Boro–Garo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konyak_languages" title="Konyak languages">Konyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingpho%E2%80%93Luish_languages" title="Jingpho–Luish languages">Jingpho–Luish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sinitic_languages" title="Sinitic languages">Sinitic</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bai_language" title="Bai language">Bai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tujia_language" title="Tujia language">Tujia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nungish_languages" title="Nungish languages">Nungish</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Karenic_languages" title="Karenic languages">Karenic</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gong_language" title="Gong language">Gong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kathu_language" title="Kathu language">Kathu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai%E2%80%93Long_languages" title="Cai–Long languages">Cai–Long</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Caijia_language" title="Caijia language">Caijia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Longjia_language" title="Longjia language">Longjia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luren_language" title="Luren language">Luren</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Burmo-Qiangic" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Burmo-Qiangic_languages" title="Burmo-Qiangic languages">Burmo-Qiangic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Qiangic_languages" title="Qiangic languages">Qiangic</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gyalrongic_languages" title="Gyalrongic languages">Gyalrongic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersuic_languages" title="Ersuic languages">Ersuic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naic_languages" title="Naic languages">Naic</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lolo-Burmese_languages" title="Lolo-Burmese languages">Lolo-Burmese</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mondzish_languages" title="Mondzish languages">Mondzish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmish_languages" title="Burmish languages">Burmish</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Loloish_languages" title="Loloish languages">Loloish</a></b></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Language_isolates_and_independent_language_families_in_Arunachal" class="mw-redirect" title="Language isolates and independent language families in Arunachal">Dubious</a> (possible<br /><a href="/wiki/Language_isolate" title="Language isolate">isolates</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Language_isolates_and_independent_language_families_in_Arunachal" class="mw-redirect" title="Language isolates and independent language families in Arunachal">Arunachal</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hrusish_languages" title="Hrusish languages">Hrusish</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hruso_language" title="Hruso language">Hruso</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mijiic_languages" title="Mijiic languages">Mijiic</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kho-Bwa_languages" title="Kho-Bwa languages">Kho-Bwa</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Puroik_language" title="Puroik language">Puroik</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miju_languages" title="Miju languages">Miju–Meyor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Songlin_language" title="Songlin language">Songlin</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Greater_Siangic" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Siangic_languages" title="Greater Siangic languages">Greater Siangic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siangic_languages" title="Siangic languages">Siangic</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Koro_language_(India)" title="Koro language (India)">Koro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Milang_language" title="Milang language">Milang</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digaro_languages" title="Digaro languages">Idu–Taraon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed groupings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Tibeto-Burman_languages" title="Central Tibeto-Burman languages">Central Tibeto-Burman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuki-Chin%E2%80%93Naga_languages" title="Kuki-Chin–Naga languages">Kuki-Chin–Naga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macro-Bai_languages" title="Macro-Bai languages">Macro-Bai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahakiranti_languages" title="Mahakiranti languages">Mahakiranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rung_languages" title="Rung languages">Rung</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tibeto-Burman_languages" title="Tibeto-Burman languages">Tibeto-Burman</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibeto-Kanauri_languages" title="Tibeto-Kanauri languages">Tibeto-Kanauri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proto-language" title="Proto-language">Proto-languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Sino-Tibetan_language" title="Proto-Sino-Tibetan language">Proto-Sino-Tibetan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Tibeto-Burman_language" title="Proto-Tibeto-Burman language">Proto-Tibeto-Burman</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Loloish_language" title="Proto-Loloish language">Proto-Loloish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Karenic_language" title="Proto-Karenic language">Proto-Karenic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Min" title="Proto-Min">Proto-Min</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Hakka" title="Proto-Hakka">Proto-Hakka</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>Italics</i> indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Na-Qiangic_languages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Na-Qiangic_languages" title="Template:Na-Qiangic languages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Na-Qiangic_languages" title="Template talk:Na-Qiangic languages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Na-Qiangic_languages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Na-Qiangic languages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Na-Qiangic_languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Na-Qiangic languages</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Naic_languages" title="Naic languages">Naic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Namuyi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namuyi_language" title="Namuyi language">Namuyi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shixing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shixing_language" title="Shixing language">Shixing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Naish_languages" title="Naish languages">Naish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naxi_language" title="Naxi language">Naxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na_language" title="Na language">Na</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laze_language" title="Laze language">Laze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ersuic_languages" title="Ersuic languages">Ersuic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ersu_language" title="Ersu language">Ersu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizu_language" title="Lizu language">Lizu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosu_language" title="Tosu language">Tosu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qiangic_languages" title="Qiangic languages">Qiangic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qiang_language" title="Qiang language">Qiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Qiang_language" title="Northern Qiang language">Northern Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Qiang_language" title="Southern Qiang language">Southern Qiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gyalrongic_languages" title="Gyalrongic languages">Gyalrongic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gyalrong_languages" title="Gyalrong languages">East Gyalrongic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Situ_language" title="Situ language">Situ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japhug_language" title="Japhug language">Japhug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tshobdun_language" title="Tshobdun language">Tshobdun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zbu_language" title="Zbu language">Zbu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Gyalrongic_languages" title="West Gyalrongic languages">West Gyalrongic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horpa_language" title="Horpa language">Horpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khroskyabs_language" title="Khroskyabs language">Khroskyabs</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tangut_language" title="Tangut language">Tangut</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chamdo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamo_language" title="Lamo language">Lamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larong_language" title="Larong language">Larong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drag-yab_language" title="Drag-yab language">Drag-yab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Choyo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Choyo_language" title="Choyo language">Choyo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Muya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muya_language" title="Muya language">Muya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pumi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pumi_language" title="Pumi language">Pumi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zhaba</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhaba_language" title="Zhaba language">Zhaba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Cross (†) and <i>italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&oldid=1188880226">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chamdo_languages&oldid=1188880226</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sino-Tibetan_languages" title="Category:Sino-Tibetan languages">Sino-Tibetan languages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_China" title="Category:Languages of China">Languages of 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