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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statue_of_Queen_Victoria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Statue of Queen Victoria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Three_Rivers_Fountain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Three_Rivers_Fountain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Three Rivers Fountain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Three_Rivers_Fountain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_State_Survey_Mark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_State_Survey_Mark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>The State Survey Mark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_State_Survey_Mark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reconciliation_Plaza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reconciliation_Plaza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Reconciliation Plaza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reconciliation_Plaza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statue_of_John_McDouall_Stuart" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statue_of_John_McDouall_Stuart"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Statue of John McDouall Stuart</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statue_of_John_McDouall_Stuart-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statue_of_Charles_Sturt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statue_of_Charles_Sturt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Statue of Charles Sturt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statue_of_Charles_Sturt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statue_of_Charles_Kingston" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statue_of_Charles_Kingston"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Statue of Charles Kingston</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statue_of_Charles_Kingston-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tram_stop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tram_stop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tram stop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tram_stop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Victoria Square, Adelaide</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&params=34.9281_S_138.5999_E_type:landmark_region:AU-SA"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°55′41″S</span> <span class="longitude">138°36′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.9281°S 138.5999°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.9281; 138.5999</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public square in the centre of Adelaide, South Australia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #abdb75; line-height: 140%;">Victoria Square</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 110%">Tarntanyangga</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg/375px-Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1915" data-file-height="1077" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Aerial view of Victoria Square</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_South_Australia_City_of_Adelaide_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victoria Square, Adelaide is located in City of Adelaide"><img alt="Victoria Square, Adelaide is located in City of Adelaide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Australia_South_Australia_City_of_Adelaide_location_map.svg/250px-Australia_South_Australia_City_of_Adelaide_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Australia_South_Australia_City_of_Adelaide_location_map.svg/375px-Australia_South_Australia_City_of_Adelaide_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Australia_South_Australia_City_of_Adelaide_location_map.svg/500px-Australia_South_Australia_City_of_Adelaide_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="709" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:62%;left:48.909%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Victoria Square, Adelaide"><img alt="Victoria Square, Adelaide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="category"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Square</td></tr><tr class="label"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&params=34.9281_S_138.5999_E_type:landmark_region:AU-SA"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°55′41″S</span> <span class="longitude">138°36′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.9281°S 138.5999°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.9281; 138.5999</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">2.4 hectares (5.9 acres)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created</th><td class="infobox-data">1837<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1837</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Victoria Square</b>, also known as <b>Tarntanyangga</b> (formerly <b>Tarndanyangga</b>) (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Kaurna pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="zku-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈd̪̥aɳɖaɲaŋɡa]</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), is the central square of five <a href="/wiki/Public_square" class="mw-redirect" title="Public square">public squares</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_city_centre" title="Adelaide city centre">Adelaide city centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>. </p><p>It is one of six squares designed by the founder of Adelaide, <a href="/wiki/Colonel_William_Light" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel William Light">Colonel William Light</a>, who was <a href="/wiki/Surveyor-General" class="mw-redirect" title="Surveyor-General">Surveyor-General</a> at the time, in his 1837 plan of the City of Adelaide which spanned the <a href="/wiki/River_Torrens" title="River Torrens">River Torrens</a> Valley, comprising the city centre (South Adelaide) and <a href="/wiki/North_Adelaide" title="North Adelaide">North Adelaide</a>. The square was named on 23 May 1837 by the <a href="/wiki/Street_Naming_Committee" title="Street Naming Committee">Street Naming Committee</a> after <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Princess Victoria</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Heir_Presumptive" class="mw-redirect" title="Heir Presumptive">heir presumptive</a> of the British throne. In 2003, it was assigned a second name, Tarndanyangga (later amended to Tarntanyangga), in the <a href="/wiki/Kaurna_language" title="Kaurna language">Kaurna</a> language of the original inhabitants, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_City_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide City Council">Adelaide City Council</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dual_naming" title="Dual naming">dual naming</a> initiative. </p><p>The square has been upgraded and modified several times through its lifetime. It has become a tradition that during the Christmas period a 24.5-metre (80 ft) tall <a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree" title="Christmas tree">Christmas tree</a> is erected in the northern part of the square. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dual_naming_and_significance">Dual naming and significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Dual naming and significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The square was first named "Victoria Square" on 23 May 1837 by the Street Naming Committee, in honour of the then Princess Victoria.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-streetnames_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-streetnames-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VictoriaSquare_South.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/VictoriaSquare_South.JPG/220px-VictoriaSquare_South.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/VictoriaSquare_South.JPG/330px-VictoriaSquare_South.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/VictoriaSquare_South.JPG/440px-VictoriaSquare_South.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>The Australian National Flag and the Australian Aboriginal flag in Victoria Square, with the statue of Queen Victoria in the background, 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>In line with the Adelaide City Council's recognition of <a href="/wiki/Kaurna" title="Kaurna">Kaurna</a> country, the square was officially referred to as <b>Victoria Square/Tarndanyangga</b> from 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> modified to <b>Victoria Square/Tarntanyangga</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by 2013, when Stage 1 of a major upgrade was done.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name "Tarndanya", sometimes recorded as "Dharnda anya" (or variant spelling) by <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Australia">colonial</a> sources, means "red kangaroo rock" and was reportedly the name used by the Kaurna people for "the site of South Adelaide" or the central-South Adelaide area; the local people whose central camp had been "in or near Victoria Square" were called the "Dundagunya tribe" by colonial sources.<sup id="cite_ref-meaning_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meaning-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tarndanyangga/Tarntanyangga is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Kaurna_language" title="Kaurna language">Kaurna</a> word for "red kangaroo" – <i>tarnta</i> (<i>tarnda</i>) – and that for "rock" – <i>kanya</i>. The ending "<i>-ngga</i>" means it is a location, implying "in, at or on", which is often used in Kaurna place names.<sup id="cite_ref-meaning_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meaning-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many quarries were built on the southern bank of the Torrens, and <i>Tarnta Kanya</i> probably referred to one or more rock formations which were quarried, providing much of the stone for the large early buildings on <a href="/wiki/North_Terrace,_Adelaide" title="North Terrace, Adelaide">North Terrace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Victoria Square/Tarndanyangga is still considered an important meeting place for <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal Australians</a>. It is the focus for many political and community-based Indigenous events, such as the <a href="/wiki/National_Sorry_Day" title="National Sorry Day">National Sorry Day</a> commemoration held by Journey of Healing (SA) on 26 May each year.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each year during <a href="/wiki/NAIDOC_Week" title="NAIDOC Week">NAIDOC Week</a> in July, there is a "family fun day" held at the square and a march to Parliament House.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_flag" title="Australian Aboriginal flag">Australian Aboriginal flag</a> was flown at Victoria Square for the first time in the country at a land rights rally in Victoria Square in Adelaide on 9 July 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-council_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-council-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 8 July 2002 the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_City_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide City Council">Adelaide City Council</a> endorsed the permanent flying of the flag, which now flies adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Australia" title="Flag of Australia">Australian flag</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-council_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-council-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Victoria Square is in the centre of the city's <a href="/wiki/Grid_plan" title="Grid plan">grid plan</a>, designed by William Light. It is bordered by numerous public institutions at its north and south ends, including the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_South_Australia" title="Supreme Court of South Australia">Supreme Court of South Australia</a>, the Adelaide <a href="/wiki/Magistrates%27_Court_of_South_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Magistrates' Court of South Australia">Magistrates' Court</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Court_of_Australia" title="Federal Court of Australia">Federal Court of Australia</a>, the historic old Treasury building (now a hotel run by the Adina hotel chain) and the former Adelaide <a href="/wiki/General_Post_Office,_Adelaide" title="General Post Office, Adelaide">General Post Office</a>. </p><p>On the eastern side is the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/St_Francis_Xavier%27s_Cathedral,_Adelaide" title="St Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Adelaide">Cathedral Church of St Francis Xavier</a>, the <a href="/wiki/SA_Water" title="SA Water">SA Water</a> headquarters, State Government offices, including the office of the Premier, and the <a href="/wiki/Torrens_Building" title="Torrens Building">Torrens Building</a>, which houses the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University,_Australia" title="Carnegie Mellon University, Australia">Carnegie Mellon University</a>. </p><p>The west side of the square contains more commercially oriented buildings, including an entrance to the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Central_Market" title="Adelaide Central Market">Adelaide Central Market</a>, the Hilton hotel, and the offices of various consultants, law firms and insurance companies. </p><p><a href="/wiki/King_William_Street,_Adelaide" title="King William Street, Adelaide">King William Street</a> passes through the centre of the square from north to south, creating a diamond shape, with the southbound carriageway passing through the east side, and the northbound carriageway passing through the west side of the square. The square is bisected on its east–west axis by the section of road (technically part of the square) that connects <a href="/wiki/Wakefield_Street" title="Wakefield Street">Wakefield Street</a> (entering from the east) with <a href="/wiki/Grote_Street" title="Grote Street">Grote Street</a> (to the west). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adelaide_tram_at_Victoria_Square_(21122460463).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Adelaide_tram_at_Victoria_Square_%2821122460463%29.jpg/220px-Adelaide_tram_at_Victoria_Square_%2821122460463%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Adelaide_tram_at_Victoria_Square_%2821122460463%29.jpg/330px-Adelaide_tram_at_Victoria_Square_%2821122460463%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Adelaide_tram_at_Victoria_Square_%2821122460463%29.jpg/440px-Adelaide_tram_at_Victoria_Square_%2821122460463%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5118" data-file-height="3354" /></a><figcaption>A tram running on <a href="/wiki/Green_track" title="Green track">green track</a> at Victoria Square</figcaption></figure> <p>A tram stop (formerly the <a href="/wiki/Terminal_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminal station">terminus</a>) for the <a href="/wiki/Glenelg_tram_line" title="Glenelg tram line">Glenelg tram line</a> is just south of the Queen Victoria statue; it was shifted from the centre to the western edge of the square in 2007, as part of the extension that was made to the tram line around that time.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OIC_victoria_square_statue_of_victoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/OIC_victoria_square_statue_of_victoria.jpg/220px-OIC_victoria_square_statue_of_victoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/OIC_victoria_square_statue_of_victoria.jpg/330px-OIC_victoria_square_statue_of_victoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/OIC_victoria_square_statue_of_victoria.jpg/440px-OIC_victoria_square_statue_of_victoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Queen Victoria, initially erected in 1894</figcaption></figure> <p>The link between the <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal</a> people and the square, as a centre for the surrounding area, stretches back many centuries, to a time when Tarndanya (Red Kangaroo Dreaming) people gathered there for special ceremonies and dances. Tarndanyangga was the "headquarters" or central camp of the "Dundagunya tribe", a community numbering in the thousands.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1960s the <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal</a> community renewed its activities in Victoria Square, with the area in front of what was then the central Police Station, (and is now the Commonwealth Law Courts building), becoming a social and gathering point. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square,_Adelaide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/220px-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/330px-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/440px-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption>Ceremony to mark the unveiling of the statue of Queen Victoria in Victoria Square on 11 August 1894</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1837, the first <a href="/wiki/Surveyor_General_of_South_Australia" title="Surveyor General of South Australia">Surveyor General of South Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Light" title="William Light">Colonel William Light</a>, mapped a plan for the City of <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>. The design incorporated a central square to function as Adelaide's focal point and provide open space for recreational activities. On his first map, Light called the precinct "The Great Square". It was eventually named in honour of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Princess Victoria</a>, then heir to the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">British throne</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The square was a dusty, treeless paddock until 1854, when the Adelaide City Council embarked on a planting program, constructed four broad diagonal pedestrian paths and erected a wooden fence.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The landscaping work was designed by <a href="/wiki/George_William_Francis" title="George William Francis">George William Francis</a>, later the first director of the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Botanic_Garden" title="Adelaide Botanic Garden">Adelaide Botanic Garden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-george_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-george-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other work on the square included construction of an east–west roadway that created two garden areas. A fountain was also considered, but it took a further 100 years for this idea to come to fruition. By 1883, plans were under way to extend <a href="/wiki/King_William_Street,_Adelaide" title="King William Street, Adelaide">King William Street</a> directly through Victoria Square, dividing it into four garden areas. The original wooden fence was replaced by ornate iron railings. A statue of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> – who had ascended to the throne in June 1837 – was erected in the centre of the square in 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-Register1894_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Register1894-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoria_Square,_Adelaide_1960.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide_1960.jpg/220px-Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide_1960.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide_1960.jpg/330px-Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide_1960.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide_1960.jpg/440px-Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide_1960.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1366" data-file-height="911" /></a><figcaption>Victoria Square, 1960</figcaption></figure> <p>The statue of Colonel Light, now known as Light's Vision and since 1938 situated on <a href="/wiki/Montefiore_Hill" title="Montefiore Hill">Montefiore Hill</a>, was unveiled on 27 November 1906 in its original location at the northern end of Victoria Square.<sup id="cite_ref-immense_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-immense-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The original tram terminus was located outside the <a href="/wiki/Charles_Moore_%26_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Moore & Company">Charles Moore & Company</a> department store with services operating via a loop in an anti-clockwise direction in the south-western corner. As part of the rebuilding of the square, in December 1966 the tram terminus was relocated near the centre of the square with <a href="/wiki/Grote_Street" title="Grote Street">Grote</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wakefield_Street" title="Wakefield Street">Wakefield Streets</a> to the north and <a href="/wiki/Gouger_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="Gouger Street">Gouger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Angas_Street" title="Angas Street">Angas Streets</a> to the south.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The layout remained unchanged until 1967 when the square assumed its present diamond form.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Three Rivers Fountain by <a href="/wiki/John_Dowie_(artist)" title="John Dowie (artist)">John Dowie</a> was built to commemorate the visit of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Philip">Prince Philip</a>, in 1968. The three South Australian rivers, the <a href="/wiki/Murray_River" title="Murray River">Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Onkaparinga_River" title="Onkaparinga River">Onkaparinga</a> and <a href="/wiki/River_Torrens" title="River Torrens">Torrens</a>, are represented by an <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal</a> male with an <a href="/wiki/Ibis" title="Ibis">Ibis</a>, a female with a <a href="/wiki/Heron" title="Heron">heron</a>, and a female with a <a href="/wiki/Black_swan" title="Black swan">black swan</a>. On 12 July 1971, the red, black and yellow <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal flag">Aboriginal flag</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Harold_Thomas_(activist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Thomas (activist)">Harold Thomas</a> was flown for the first time – in Victoria Square.<sup id="cite_ref-NAIDOC_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAIDOC-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It now flies permanently alongside the <a href="/wiki/Australian_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian flag">Australian flag</a> on one of the two tall flagpoles in the centre of the square. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2002, the Adelaide City Council formally recognised the areas heritage by bestowing the dual name Victoria Square/Tarndanyangga. The old tram depot at the square was also demolished,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so was the old SAPOL Headquarters. An SA Water office building was built in its place. In 2012 the Adelaide City Council endorsed $24 million in funding to begin rejuvenating Victoria Square. Construction commenced in March 2013 and the first of two planned stages (the northern half) was completed in February 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The planned redevelopment of the southern half has been held up due to lack of funding.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The full development included:<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li>A relocation of the statue of Queen Victoria slightly to the north</li> <li>Future 'Fire' themed artwork</li> <li>Relocated tram line</li> <li>Perimeter streets</li> <li>Information Experience Centre</li> <li>Water feature</li> <li>Mullabakka Centre (Kaurna Centre of Culture)</li> <li>Cafe</li> <li>Productive gardens</li> <li>Perimeter gardens</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>Event Lawn to accommodate medium to large events of<br />up to 9,000 people, with terraces and service area</li> <li>Extended tram stop</li> <li>Bicycle Hub</li> <li>Public toilets</li> <li>Bio-filtration & Wetland gardens</li> <li>Garden terraces</li> <li>Arcadian Grove relocated</li> <li>Arbours</li> <li>Perimeter footpaths</li> <li>Three Rivers Fountain relocated to the south</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statue_of_Queen_Victoria">Statue of Queen Victoria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Statue of Queen Victoria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Located in the centre of the square is a statue honouring <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> from a model by <a href="/wiki/C._B._Birch" class="mw-redirect" title="C. B. Birch">C. B. Birch</a>, unveiled in 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statue was presented to the city by <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Thomas_Smith" title="Edwin Thomas Smith">Sir Edwin Smith</a>, based on a design viewed in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> in 1893.<sup id="cite_ref-Adelaidia-QueenV_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adelaidia-QueenV-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was cast by Moore & Co. of <a href="/wiki/Thames_Ditton" title="Thames Ditton">Thames Ditton</a> using bronze specifically made from <a href="/wiki/Wallaroo,_South_Australia" title="Wallaroo, South Australia">Wallaroo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moonta,_South_Australia" title="Moonta, South Australia">Moonta</a> copper.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inscribed simply with "Victoria R.I.", the statue was originally unveiled by Lady Smith on 11 August 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-Register1894_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Register1894-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statue was symbolically draped in black as a sign of mourning following the death of Queen Victoria in 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-Adelaidia-QueenV_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adelaidia-QueenV-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For many years a wreath laying ceremony was held at the foot of the statue each 24 May (or 23rd when the 24th was a Saturday), the anniversary of her birth in 1819.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was removed, cleaned and polished in May 2013 as part of the upgrade of Victoria Square and returned in December 2013 in a modified location.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Three_Rivers_Fountain">Three Rivers Fountain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Three Rivers Fountain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Three Rivers Fountain was erected to commemorate the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Commonwealth_visits_made_by_Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Commonwealth visits made by Queen Elizabeth II">visit</a> of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> to Adelaide in February 1963. Located at the northern end of the square, it was unveiled and first set in operation by the <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Philip">Duke of Edinburgh</a> on 28 May 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-Adelaidia-Fountain_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adelaidia-Fountain-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later relocated to the southern end, and was officially reopened by then <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_Adelaide" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Mayor of Adelaide">Lord Mayor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Yarwood" title="Stephen Yarwood">Stephen Yarwood</a>, in July 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sculptured by <a href="/wiki/John_Dowie_(artist)" title="John Dowie (artist)">John Dowie</a>, the centrepiece in the shape of a crown represents the royal visit, and the fountain represents the three rivers that Adelaide draws water from:<sup id="cite_ref-Adelaidia-Fountain_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adelaidia-Fountain-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murray_River" title="Murray River">The Murray</a>, depicted by an <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_Australians" title="Aboriginal Australians">Aboriginal</a> man and an <a href="/wiki/Ibis" title="Ibis">ibis</a> (probably representing <a href="/wiki/Kaurna" title="Kaurna">Kaurna</a> ancestor creator <a href="/wiki/Tjilbruke" title="Tjilbruke">Tjilbruke</a><sup id="cite_ref-malone_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malone-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Torrens" title="River Torrens">The Torrens</a>, depicted by a woman and a <a href="/wiki/Black_swan" title="Black swan">black swan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onkaparinga_River" title="Onkaparinga River">The Onkaparinga</a>, depicted by a woman and a <a href="/wiki/Heron" title="Heron">heron</a></li></ul> <p>The fountain was <a href="/wiki/Heritage-listed" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage-listed">heritage-listed</a> as a state heritage place in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_State_Survey_Mark">The State Survey Mark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The State Survey Mark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Located at the northern end of the square, the State Survey Mark commemorates the placing of the first peg for the survey of the City of Adelaide by Colonel Light on 11 January 1837. This <a href="/wiki/Survey_mark" class="mw-redirect" title="Survey mark">survey mark</a> is the reference point for all other survey marks in <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mark was unveiled on 21 April 1989, along with a commemorative plaque, by <a href="/wiki/Susan_Lenehan" title="Susan Lenehan">Susan Lenehan</a>, then Minister of Lands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reconciliation_Plaza">Reconciliation Plaza</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Reconciliation Plaza"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The east–west road connecting <a href="/wiki/Grote_Street" title="Grote Street">Grote</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wakefield_Street" title="Wakefield Street">Wakefield</a> Streets was named Reconciliation Plaza in 2013. The plaza hosts two flagpoles flying the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Australia" title="Flag of Australia">Australian National Flag</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_flag" title="Australian Aboriginal flag">Aboriginal flag</a>, which has flown permanently in the square since 2002. In 1971, the square was the first place the Aboriginal flag was flown, at a land rights rally (see <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Dual_naming_and_significance">Dual naming</a>, above).<sup id="cite_ref-RecPlaza_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RecPlaza-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reconciliation Plaza was officially opened on 26 May 2014 by Mayor Yarwood, Reconciliation Committee Chairperson Yvonne Agius and Journey of Healing SA Chairperson John Browne.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statue_of_John_McDouall_Stuart">Statue of John McDouall Stuart</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Statue of John McDouall Stuart"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_McDougall_Stuart.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/John_McDougall_Stuart.JPG/220px-John_McDougall_Stuart.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/John_McDougall_Stuart.JPG/330px-John_McDougall_Stuart.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/John_McDougall_Stuart.JPG/440px-John_McDougall_Stuart.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1256" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>John McDouall Stuart monument</figcaption></figure> <p>A monument to <a href="/wiki/John_McDouall_Stuart" title="John McDouall Stuart">John McDouall Stuart</a>, one of Australia's premier explorers, is situated in Victoria Square and was heritage listed on 8 March 2013. Sculpted by <a href="/wiki/John_White_(South_Australian_painter)" title="John White (South Australian painter)">John White</a>, it was unveiled on 4 June 1904 by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_McLachlan_(politician)" title="Alexander McLachlan (politician)">Alexander McLachlan</a>, who as chief of the <a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Caledonian_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="South Australian Caledonian Society">South Australian Caledonian Society</a> led fundraising efforts for its erection.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stuart led the first expedition to successfully cross the continent from north to south and back. This opened <a href="/wiki/Central_Australia" title="Central Australia">Central Australia</a> for pastoral use and led to the South Australian government's successful case for control over the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a>. The route of his expedition also paved the way for the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Overland_Telegraph_Line" title="Australian Overland Telegraph Line">Overland Telegraph</a>, which permitted virtually immediate communication between Australia and Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statue_of_Charles_Sturt">Statue of Charles Sturt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Statue of Charles Sturt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A statue of explorer <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sturt" title="Charles Sturt">Charles Sturt</a> stands in Victoria Square. Sturt is depicted in the working clothes of an outback explorer, leaning forward, shielding his eyes from the sun with his right hand and peering into the distance. He carries a compass, telescope, map and water bottle.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statue_of_Charles_Kingston">Statue of Charles Kingston</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Statue of Charles Kingston"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A statue of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kingston" title="Charles Kingston">Charles Kingston</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/George_Strickland_Kingston" title="George Strickland Kingston">George Strickland Kingston</a> and SA premier from 1893 to 1899, stands in the square with a plaque reading "patriot and statesman".<sup id="cite_ref-ar2020_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ar2020-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> British sculptor <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Drury" title="Alfred Drury">Alfred Drury</a> was commissioned to create the statue, and it was placed in a central location on the northwestern side, facing down Grote Street towards his West Adelaide electorate. It was unveiled on 26 May 1916, during World War I. It was later criticised as capturing "little of his fire".<sup id="cite_ref-adelaidiakingston_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adelaidiakingston-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Kingston was instrumental in bringing about several progressive social policies, such as <a href="/wiki/Electoral_reform" title="Electoral reform">electoral reform</a> (including the first law to give votes to women in Australia), a <a href="/wiki/Legitimation" title="Legitimation">legitimation</a> Act, the first <a href="/wiki/Conciliation" title="Conciliation">conciliation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arbitration" title="Arbitration">arbitration</a> act in Australia, and a progressive system of taxation,<sup id="cite_ref-adb_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adb-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was also one of the main architects of the <a href="/wiki/White_Australia_policy" title="White Australia policy">White Australia policy</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> gained pace in June 2020, with various statues representing slave traders and various perpetrators of racism being removed or defaced both <a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_and_memorials_removed_during_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="List of monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests">in the US</a> and <a href="/wiki/Actions_against_memorials_in_the_United_Kingdom_during_the_George_Floyd_protests" title="Actions against memorials in the United Kingdom during the George Floyd protests">in the UK</a> during the <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">George Floyd protests</a>, archaeologist and historian Jacinta Koolmatrie argued it is ironic that the statue is placed so close to the <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Aboriginal flag">Aboriginal flag</a> in the square, which was also the site of the <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests_in_Australia#Adelaide" title="George Floyd protests in Australia">Adelaide Black Lives Matter</a> protest.<sup id="cite_ref-ar2020_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ar2020-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tram_stop">Tram stop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Tram stop"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Victoria Square is also the location of a stop on the <a href="/wiki/Glenelg_tram_line" title="Glenelg tram line">Glenelg tram line</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1085279413">.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations{max-width:50em;margin:0.5em auto;font-size:95%;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .infobox .adjacent-stations{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations .isA{font-size:90%;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations .smA{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox .adjacent-stations .isA,.mw-parser-output .infobox .adjacent-stations .smA{font-size:96.6%}.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations .hcA{width:30%;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations .hmA,.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations .hmA>a:last-child{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations .bcA{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations .bbA{text-align:center;width:8px;min-width:8px}.mw-parser-output .adjacent-stations-noclear{clear:none}</style> <table class="wikitable adjacent-stations"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" class="hcA">Preceding station </th> <th scope="col" colspan="3" class="hmA"><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Metro" title="Adelaide Metro">Adelaide Metro</a> </th> <th scope="col" class="hcA">Following station </th></tr> <tr> <td class="bcA"><a href="/wiki/Pirie_Street#Tram_stop" title="Pirie Street">Pirie Street</a><div class="isA">towards <a href="/wiki/Royal_Adelaide_Hospital#Tram_stop" title="Royal Adelaide Hospital">Royal Adelaide Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Entertainment_Centre#Transport" title="Adelaide Entertainment Centre">Adelaide Entertainment Centre</a> or <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Centre#Tram_stop" title="Adelaide Festival Centre">Festival Plaza</a></div> </td> <td class="bbA notheme" style="color:inherit;background-color:#eb2127"> </td> <td class="bcA"><a href="/wiki/Glenelg_tram_line" title="Glenelg tram line">Glenelg tram line</a> </td> <td class="bbA notheme" style="color:inherit;background-color:#eb2127"> </td> <td class="bcA"><a href="/wiki/Glenelg_tram_line#City_South" title="Glenelg tram line">City South</a><div class="isA">towards <a href="/wiki/Moseley_Square,_Glenelg#Tram_stop" title="Moseley Square, Glenelg">Moseley Square</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoria_square,_around_1869.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victoria Square, looking north, 1869"><img alt="Victoria Square, looking north, 1869" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Victoria_square%2C_around_1869.jpg/120px-Victoria_square%2C_around_1869.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Victoria_square%2C_around_1869.jpg/180px-Victoria_square%2C_around_1869.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Victoria_square%2C_around_1869.jpg/240px-Victoria_square%2C_around_1869.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="457" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Victoria Square, looking north, 1869</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square,_Adelaide.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Unveiling the Victoria statue, 1894"><img alt="Unveiling the Victoria statue, 1894" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/120px-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/180px-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/240px-Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="810" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Unveiling the Victoria statue, 1894</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoria_Square_Adelaide_1895.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Victoria Square, looking south, 1895"><img alt="Victoria Square, looking south, 1895" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Victoria_Square_Adelaide_1895.jpg/120px-Victoria_Square_Adelaide_1895.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Victoria_Square_Adelaide_1895.jpg/180px-Victoria_Square_Adelaide_1895.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Victoria_Square_Adelaide_1895.jpg/240px-Victoria_Square_Adelaide_1895.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1028" data-file-height="605" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Victoria Square, looking south, 1895</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panoramic view, 2014"><img alt="Panoramic view, 2014" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg/120px-Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg/180px-Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg/240px-Transformers_-_Victoria_Square_Adelaide_SA_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1915" data-file-height="1077" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Panoramic view, 2014</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoria_square5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="North-western corner of the square, 2006"><img alt="North-western corner of the square, 2006" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Victoria_square5.jpg/120px-Victoria_square5.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Victoria_square5.jpg/180px-Victoria_square5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Victoria_square5.jpg/240px-Victoria_square5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1914" data-file-height="1068" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">North-western corner of the square, 2006</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OIC_victoria_square_tram_stop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tram stop, 2012"><img alt="Tram stop, 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/OIC_victoria_square_tram_stop.jpg/120px-OIC_victoria_square_tram_stop.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/OIC_victoria_square_tram_stop.jpg/180px-OIC_victoria_square_tram_stop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/OIC_victoria_square_tram_stop.jpg/240px-OIC_victoria_square_tram_stop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tram stop, 2012</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adelaide_City_Christmas.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fountain and Christmas tree, 2015"><img alt="Fountain and Christmas tree, 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Adelaide_City_Christmas.jpg/120px-Adelaide_City_Christmas.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Adelaide_City_Christmas.jpg/180px-Adelaide_City_Christmas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Adelaide_City_Christmas.jpg/240px-Adelaide_City_Christmas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fountain and Christmas tree, 2015</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tram_and_bus_at_Victoria_Square,_Adelaide.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Night view of the square, 2017"><img alt="Night view of the square, 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Tram_and_bus_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/120px-Tram_and_bus_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Tram_and_bus_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/180px-Tram_and_bus_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Tram_and_bus_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg/240px-Tram_and_bus_at_Victoria_Square%2C_Adelaide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Night view of the square, 2017</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoria_Square_Flags.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Aboriginal and National flags in the square, 2017"><img alt="The Aboriginal and National flags in the square, 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Victoria_Square_Flags.jpg/120px-Victoria_Square_Flags.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Victoria_Square_Flags.jpg/180px-Victoria_Square_Flags.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Victoria_Square_Flags.jpg/240px-Victoria_Square_Flags.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1590" data-file-height="1188" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Aboriginal and National flags in the square, 2017</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoria_Square_Aboriginal_Flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Aboriginal flag flying in the square, near where the flag was first flown, 2013"><img alt="The Aboriginal flag flying in the square, near where the flag was first flown, 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Victoria_Square_Aboriginal_Flag.jpg/98px-Victoria_Square_Aboriginal_Flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Victoria_Square_Aboriginal_Flag.jpg/146px-Victoria_Square_Aboriginal_Flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Victoria_Square_Aboriginal_Flag.jpg/195px-Victoria_Square_Aboriginal_Flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2438" data-file-height="2994" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> The Aboriginal flag flying in the square, near where the flag was first flown, 2013</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kaurnaplacenames.com/primary.php?id=4697">Kaurna Name: Tarndanyangga</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indigenous+Australian+flags&rft.pub=NAIDOC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naidoc.org.au%2Fabout%2Findigenous-australian-flags%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150911001233/http://www.trammuseumadelaide.com/413634112">"Adelaide trams today - www.trammuseumadelaide.com"</a>. 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Retrieved 8 February 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The statue was from an improved model Birch created for an Indian prince variously cited as the Maharajah of Oodeypore, Dodeypore, and Bulrampore (yet to be identified), unveiled by <a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_Victor" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Albert Victor">Prince Albert Victor</a> in 1889.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adelaidia-QueenV-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Adelaidia-QueenV_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adelaidia-QueenV_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElton2016" class="citation web cs1">Elton, Jude (30 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adelaidia.sa.gov.au/things/queen-victoria-monument">"Queen Victoria Monument"</a>. <i>Adelaidia</i>. History SA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adelaidia&rft.atitle=Queen+Victoria+Monument&rft.date=2016-11-30&rft.aulast=Elton&rft.aufirst=Jude&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadelaidia.sa.gov.au%2Fthings%2Fqueen-victoria-monument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/92864545">"The Queen's Statue"</a>. South Australian Chronicle. 28 February 1894<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Waymarking.com&rft.atitle=Victoria+Square%3A+The+State+Survey+Mark%2C+Reference+Point&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.waymarking.com%2Fwaymarks%2FWMDW9P_Victoria_Square_The_State_Survey_Mark_Reference_Point&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RecPlaza-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RecPlaza_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2013" class="citation news cs1">Williams, Tim (27 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/national/adelaide-city-council-endorses-renaming-middle-of-revamped-victoria-square-reconciliation-plaza/news-story/9a42a6196fd7218bf5fc21a74d49cf56">"Adelaide City Council endorses renaming middle of revamped Victoria Square Reconciliation Plaza"</a>. News Corporation. City Messenger<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Adelaide+City+Council+endorses+renaming+middle+of+revamped+Victoria+Square+Reconciliation+Plaza&rft.date=2013-11-27&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldsun.com.au%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fadelaide-city-council-endorses-renaming-middle-of-revamped-victoria-square-reconciliation-plaza%2Fnews-story%2F9a42a6196fd7218bf5fc21a74d49cf56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adelaideparklands.com.au/victoria-square/reconciliation-plaza-in-victoria-square-tarntanyangga/">"Reconciliation Plaza in Victoria Square/Tarntanyangga"</a>. <i>Adelaide City Council</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adelaide+City+Council&rft.atitle=Reconciliation+Plaza+in+Victoria+Square%2FTarntanyangga&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adelaideparklands.com.au%2Fvictoria-square%2Freconciliation-plaza-in-victoria-square-tarntanyangga%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/56585788">"McDouall Stuart Statue"</a>. <i>The Register</i>. Adelaide. 6 June 1904.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Register&rft.atitle=McDouall+Stuart+Statue&rft.date=1904-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fnewspaper%2Farticle%2F56585788&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d31atr86jnqrq2.cloudfront.net/heritage-places/sahc-heritage-summary-john-mcdouall-stuart.pdf">"John McDouall Stuart Monument, Victoria Square - Heritage Information Sheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McDouall+Stuart+Monument%2C+Victoria+Square+-+Heritage+Information+Sheet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fd31atr86jnqrq2.cloudfront.net%2Fheritage-places%2Fsahc-heritage-summary-john-mcdouall-stuart.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adelaidia.history.sa.gov.au/things/captain-charles-sturt-memorial,%20/things/captain-charles-sturt-memorial">"Captain Charles Sturt Memorial"</a>. <i>Adelaidia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adelaidia&rft.atitle=Captain+Charles+Sturt+Memorial&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadelaidia.history.sa.gov.au%2Fthings%2Fcaptain-charles-sturt-memorial%2C%2520%2Fthings%2Fcaptain-charles-sturt-memorial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ar2020-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ar2020_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ar2020_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoolmatrie2020" class="citation web cs1">Koolmatrie, Jacinta (15 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adelaidereview.com.au/latest/opinion/2020/06/15/statues-erase-more-history-than-they-tell/">"Statues erase more history than they tell"</a>. <i>The Adelaide Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Adelaide+Review&rft.atitle=Statues+erase+more+history+than+they+tell&rft.date=2020-06-15&rft.aulast=Koolmatrie&rft.aufirst=Jacinta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adelaidereview.com.au%2Flatest%2Fopinion%2F2020%2F06%2F15%2Fstatues-erase-more-history-than-they-tell%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adelaidiakingston-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-adelaidiakingston_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElton1916" class="citation web cs1">Elton, Jude (26 May 1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adelaidia.sa.gov.au/things/charles-cameron-kingston-memorial">"Charles Cameron Kingston Memorial"</a>. <i>Adelaidia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adelaidia&rft.atitle=Charles+Cameron+Kingston+Memorial&rft.date=1916-05-26&rft.aulast=Elton&rft.aufirst=Jude&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadelaidia.sa.gov.au%2Fthings%2Fcharles-cameron-kingston-memorial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adb-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-adb_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlayford1983" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Playford, John (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A090604b.htm">"Kingston, Charles Cameron (1850–1908)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Dictionary_of_Biography" title="Australian Dictionary of Biography">Australian Dictionary of Biography</a></i>. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_University" title="Australian National University">Australian National University</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-522-84459-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-522-84459-7"><bdi>978-0-522-84459-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1833-7538">1833-7538</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70677943">70677943</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kingston%2C+Charles+Cameron+%281850%E2%80%931908%29&rft.btitle=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.place=Canberra&rft.pub=National+Centre+of+Biography%2C+Australian+National+University&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70677943&rft.issn=1833-7538&rft.isbn=978-0-522-84459-7&rft.aulast=Playford&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adb.online.anu.edu.au%2Fbiogs%2FA090604b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adelaidemetro.com.au/timetables/view/GLNELG/0/1/0#">Glenelg Tram Timetable (2018)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402052301/https://www.adelaidemetro.com.au/timetables/view/GLNELG/0/1/0">Archived</a> 2 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Metro" title="Adelaide Metro">Adelaide Metro</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHems2021" class="citation web cs1">Hems, Owen (12 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adelaidia.sa.gov.au/places/victoria-square-tarntanyangga">"Victoria Square/ Tarntanyangga"</a>. <i>Adelaidia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adelaidia&rft.atitle=Victoria+Square%2F+Tarntanyangga&rft.date=2021-10-12&rft.aulast=Hems&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadelaidia.sa.gov.au%2Fplaces%2Fvictoria-square-tarntanyangga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adelaideheritage.net.au/all-site-profiles/treasury-building/">"Treasury Building"</a>. <i>Adelaide City Heritage</i>. 29 July 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adelaide+City+Heritage&rft.atitle=Treasury+Building&rft.date=2016-07-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adelaideheritage.net.au%2Fall-site-profiles%2Ftreasury-building%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adelaidecityexplorer.com.au/items/show/176">"Treasury Buildings/Adina Apartment Hotel"</a>. <i>Adelaide City Explorer</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adelaide+City+Explorer&rft.atitle=Treasury+Buildings%2FAdina+Apartment+Hotel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadelaidecityexplorer.com.au%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F176&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVictoria+Square%2C+Adelaide" 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aria-labelledby="Streets_and_squares_of_Adelaide_city_centre" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Streets_and_squares_of_Adelaide_city_centre" title="Template:Streets and squares of Adelaide city centre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Streets_and_squares_of_Adelaide_city_centre" title="Template talk:Streets and squares of Adelaide city centre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Streets_and_squares_of_Adelaide_city_centre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Streets and squares of Adelaide city centre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Streets_and_squares_of_Adelaide_city_centre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Streets and squares of <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_city_centre" title="Adelaide city centre">Adelaide city centre</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="North-South_Streets_(West→East)"><b>North-South Streets     <i>(West→East)</i></b>       </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;white-space:nowrap; text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/West_Terrace,_Adelaide" title="West Terrace, Adelaide">West Terrace</a></b></li><li><a href="/wiki/Morphett_Street" title="Morphett Street">Morphett</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/King_William_Street,_Adelaide" title="King William Street, Adelaide">King William</a></b></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pulteney_Street" title="Pulteney Street">Pulteney</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Frome_Street" title="Frome Street">Frome</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hutt_Street" title="Hutt Street">Hutt</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/East_Terrace" title="East Terrace">East Terrace</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Squares_(geographically_arranged)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Squares <i>(geographically arranged)</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Light_Square" title="Light Square">Light Square</a></td> <td><br /></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindmarsh_Square" title="Hindmarsh Square">Hindmarsh Square</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Victoria Square</a></b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Whitmore_Square" title="Whitmore Square">Whitmore Square</a></td> <td><br /></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hurtle_Square" title="Hurtle Square">Hurtle Square</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="East-WestStreets_(North↓_South)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East-West<br />Streets  <br /><br /><br /><br /><i>(North<br />↓    <br />South)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table class="nowrap" style="line-height:130%"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/North_Terrace,_Adelaide" title="North Terrace, Adelaide">North</a></b></td><td style="text-align:left"><b><a href="/wiki/North_Terrace,_Adelaide" title="North Terrace, Adelaide">Terrace</a></b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Hindley_Street" title="Hindley Street">Hindley</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Rundle_Mall" title="Rundle Mall">Rundle Mall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rundle_Street" title="Rundle Street">Street</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Currie_Street" title="Currie Street">Currie</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Grenfell_Street" title="Grenfell Street">Grenfell</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Waymouth_Street" title="Waymouth Street">Waymouth</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Pirie_Street" title="Pirie Street">Pirie</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Street,_Adelaide" title="Franklin Street, Adelaide">Franklin</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Flinders_Street,_Adelaide" title="Flinders Street, Adelaide">Flinders</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/Grote_Street" title="Grote Street">Grote</a></b></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <b><a href="/wiki/Wakefield_Street" title="Wakefield Street">Wakefield</a></b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Gouger_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="Gouger Street">Gouger</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Angas_Street" title="Angas Street">Angas</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Wright_Street" title="Wright Street">Wright</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Carrington_Street" title="Carrington Street">Carrington</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Sturt_Street,_Adelaide" title="Sturt Street, Adelaide">Sturt</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Halifax_Street" title="Halifax Street">Halifax</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Street,_Adelaide" title="Gilbert Street, Adelaide">Gilbert</a></td><td style="text-align:left">~  <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Street" title="Gilles Street">Gilles</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/South_Terrace,_Adelaide" title="South Terrace, Adelaide">South</a></b></td><td style="text-align:left"><b><a href="/wiki/South_Terrace,_Adelaide" title="South Terrace, Adelaide">Terrace</a></b></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Parks_and_squares_of_the_City_of_Adelaide" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AdelaideParklands" title="Template:AdelaideParklands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AdelaideParklands" title="Template talk:AdelaideParklands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AdelaideParklands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:AdelaideParklands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parks_and_squares_of_the_City_of_Adelaide" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Parks and squares of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Adelaide" title="City of Adelaide">City of Adelaide</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Squares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Victoria Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_Square" title="Light Square">Light Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindmarsh_Square" title="Hindmarsh Square">Hindmarsh Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurtle_Square" title="Hurtle Square">Hurtle Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitmore_Square" title="Whitmore Square">Whitmore Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Square,_North_Adelaide" title="Wellington Square, North Adelaide">Wellington Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Park_Lands" title="Adelaide Park Lands">Parklands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North<br />Adelaide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 1">#1 "Piltawodli"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Golf_Links" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide Golf Links">Adelaide Golf Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Memorial_Drive" title="War Memorial Drive">War Memorial Drive</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 2">#2 "Padipadinyilla"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Aquatic_Centre" title="Adelaide Aquatic Centre">Adelaide Aquatic Centre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 3">#3 "Kandarilla"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 4">#4 "Kangattilla"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 5">#5 "Ngampa yerta"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 6">#6 "Nanto Womma"</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_7" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 7">#7 "Kuntingga"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 8">#8 "Barnguttilla"</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Along<br />Torrens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 9">#9 "Tidlangga"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_10" title="Park 10">#10 "Warnpangga"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_11" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 11">#11 "Tainmundilla"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Botanic_Garden" title="Adelaide Botanic Garden">Botanic Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botanic_Park,_Adelaide" title="Botanic Park, Adelaide">Botanic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Zoo" title="Adelaide Zoo">Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Wine_Centre_of_Australia" title="National Wine Centre of Australia">Wine Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Adelaide_Hospital" title="Royal Adelaide Hospital">RAH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Medical_and_Veterinary_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science">IMVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Adelaide" title="University of Adelaide">Adelaide Uni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Australia" title="University of South Australia">UniSA</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_12" title="Park 12">#12 "Karrawirra"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Adelaide" title="University of Adelaide">Adelaide Uni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Australia" title="University of South Australia">UniSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_South_Australia" title="Art Gallery of South Australia">Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Museum" title="South Australian Museum">Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_South_Australia" title="State Library of South Australia">State Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_War_Memorial_(South_Australia)" title="National War Memorial (South Australia)">War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Adelaide" title="Government House, Adelaide">Government House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrens_Parade_Ground" title="Torrens Parade Ground">Parade Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_War_Memorial_(South_Australia)" title="South African War Memorial (South Australia)">Boer War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_150_Walkway" title="Jubilee 150 Walkway">Jubilee 150 Walkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angas_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Angas Gardens">Angas Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Oval,_Adelaide" title="University Oval, Adelaide">University Oval</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adelaide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_13" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 13">#13 "Kadlitpinna"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rundle_Park_/_Kadlitpina" title="Rundle Park / Kadlitpina">Rundle Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 14">#14 "Mullawirraburka"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rymill_Park" title="Rymill Park">Rymill Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_15" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 15">#15 "Ityamaiitpinna"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_16" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 16">#16 "Bakkabakkandi"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Park,_Adelaide" title="Victoria Park, Adelaide">Victoria Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_17" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 17">#17</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_18" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 18">#18</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Himeji_Garden" title="Adelaide Himeji Garden">Adelaide Himeji Garden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_19" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 19">#19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_20" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 20">#20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_21" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 21">#21</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Veale_Gardens" title="Veale Gardens">Veale Gardens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_22" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 22">#22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_23" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 23">#23</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Terrace_Cemetery" title="West Terrace Cemetery">West Terrace Cemetery</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_24" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 24">#24</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_High_School" title="Adelaide High School">Adelaide High School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_25" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 25">#25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Along<br />Torrens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_26" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 26">#26</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Oval" title="Adelaide Oval">Adelaide Oval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cresswell_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Cresswell Gardens">Cresswell Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Drive_Park" title="Memorial Drive Park">Memorial Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Cathedral,_Adelaide" title="St Peter's Cathedral, Adelaide">St Peter's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light%27s_Vision" class="mw-redirect" title="Light's Vision">Light's Vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montefiore_Hill" title="Montefiore Hill">Montefiore Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Parliament_House,_Adelaide" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Parliament House, Adelaide">Old</a> and New <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Adelaide" title="Parliament House, Adelaide">Parliament House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_railway_station" title="Adelaide railway station">Adelaide railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Convention_Centre" title="Adelaide Convention Centre">Convention Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Centre" title="Adelaide Festival Centre">Festival Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_Park" title="Elder Park">Elder Park</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_27" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 27">#27</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_Torrens#Torrens_Lake" title="River Torrens">Torrens Weir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dame_Roma_Mitchell_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Dame Roma Mitchell Gardens">Dame Roma Mitchell Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Gaol" title="Adelaide Gaol">Old Adelaide Gaol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonython_Park" title="Bonython Park">Bonython Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Sk8_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="City Sk8 Park">City Sk8 Park</a></li> <li>New <a href="/wiki/Royal_Adelaide_Hospital" title="Royal Adelaide Hospital">RAH</a> site</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North<br />Adelaide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_28" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 28">#28</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palmer_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmer Gardens">Palmer Gardens</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_29" class="mw-redirect" title="Park 29">#29</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brougham_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Brougham Gardens">Brougham Gardens</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Torrens_Linear_Park" title="Torrens Linear Park">Torrens Linear Park</a> passes through the City of Adelaide</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Adelaide_landmarks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adelaide_landmarks" title="Template:Adelaide landmarks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adelaide_landmarks" title="Template talk:Adelaide landmarks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adelaide_landmarks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adelaide landmarks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Adelaide_landmarks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a> landmarks</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings / structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Convention_Centre" title="Adelaide Convention Centre">Adelaide Convention Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Desalination_Plant" title="Adelaide Desalination Plant">Adelaide Desalination Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Town_Hall" title="Adelaide Town Hall">Adelaide Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayers_House_(Adelaide)" title="Ayers House (Adelaide)">Ayers House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beehive_Corner" title="Beehive Corner">Beehive Corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonython_Hall" title="Bonython Hall">Bonython Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_Town_Hall,_South_Australia" title="Brighton Town Hall, South Australia">Brighton Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrick_Hill" title="Carrick Hill">Carrick Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%27Arenberg_Cube" title="D'Arenberg Cube">d'Arenberg Cube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Adelaide" title="Government House, Adelaide">Government House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenfell_Centre" title="Grenfell Centre">Grenfell Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myer_Centre,_Adelaide" title="Myer Centre, Adelaide">Myer Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_War_Memorial_(South_Australia)" title="National War Memorial (South Australia)">National War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Wine_Centre_of_Australia" title="National Wine Centre of Australia">National Wine Centre of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Government_House,_South_Australia" title="Old Government House, South Australia">Old Government House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Adelaide" title="Parliament House, Adelaide">Parliament House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Cinema" title="Piccadilly Cinema">Piccadilly Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgrim_Uniting_Church" title="Pilgrim Uniting Church">Pilgrim Uniting Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAA_Place" title="RAA Place">RAA Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_War_Memorial_(South_Australia)" title="South African War Memorial (South Australia)">South African War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_South_Australia" title="State Library of South Australia">State Library of South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrens_Building" title="Torrens Building">Torrens Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heights_Observatory" title="The Heights Observatory">The Heights Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regal_Theatre,_Adelaide" title="Regal Theatre, Adelaide">Regal Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Francis_Xavier%27s_Cathedral,_Adelaide" title="St Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Adelaide">St Francis Xavier's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Cathedral,_Adelaide" title="St Peter's Cathedral, Adelaide">St Peter's Cathedral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precincts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Adelaide" title="Chinatown, Adelaide">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_End,_Adelaide" title="East End, Adelaide">East End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rundle_Mall" title="Rundle Mall">Rundle Mall</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Victoria Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Adelaide" class="mw-redirect" title="West End, Adelaide">West End</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACE_Open" title="ACE Open">ACE Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Gaol" title="Adelaide Gaol">Adelaide Gaol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_South_Australia" title="Art Gallery of South Australia">Art Gallery of South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Museum,_Adelaide" title="Migration Museum, Adelaide">Migration Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Classical_Archaeology,_Adelaide" title="Museum of Classical Archaeology, Adelaide">Museum of Classical Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Railway_Museum,_Port_Adelaide" title="National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide">National Railway Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Aviation_Museum" title="South Australian Aviation Museum">South Australian Aviation Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Museum" title="South Australian Museum">South Australian Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandanya_National_Aboriginal_Cultural_Institute" title="Tandanya National Aboriginal Cultural Institute">Tandanya National Aboriginal Cultural Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Aquatic_Centre" title="Adelaide Aquatic Centre">Adelaide Aquatic Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_International_Raceway" title="Adelaide International Raceway">Adelaide International Raceway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Motorsport_Park" title="Adelaide Motorsport Park">Adelaide Motorsport Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Oval" title="Adelaide Oval">Adelaide Oval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Street_Circuit" title="Adelaide Street Circuit">Adelaide Street Circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Super-Drome" title="Adelaide Super-Drome">Adelaide Super-Drome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Sports_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamond Sports Stadium">Diamond Sports Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_Park" title="Football Park">Football Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillman_Speedway" title="Gillman Speedway">Gillman Speedway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greyhound_Park" title="Greyhound Park">Greyhound Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindmarsh_Stadium" title="Hindmarsh Stadium">Hindmarsh Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_Arena_(Adelaide)" title="Ice Arena (Adelaide)">IceArenA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Oval,_Adelaide" title="Kensington Oval, Adelaide">Kensington Oval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kooyonga_Golf_Club" title="Kooyonga Golf Club">Kooyonga Golf Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Drive_Park" title="Memorial Drive Park">Memorial Drive Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphettville_Racecourse" title="Morphettville Racecourse">Morphettville Racecourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netball_SA_Stadium" title="Netball SA Stadium">Netball SA Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Adelaide_Golf_Course" title="North Adelaide Golf Course">North Adelaide Golf Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Adelaide_Golf_Club" title="Royal Adelaide Golf Club">Royal Adelaide Golf Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santos_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Santos Stadium">Santos Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewinders_Speedway" title="Sidewinders Speedway">Sidewinders Speedway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australia_Aquatic_and_Leisure_Centre" title="South Australia Aquatic and Leisure Centre">South Australia Aquatic and Leisure Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Hockey_Centre_(South_Australia)" title="State Hockey Centre (South Australia)">State Hockey Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanium_Security_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Titanium Security Arena">Titanium Security Arena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Casino" title="Adelaide Casino">Adelaide Casino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Central_Market" title="Adelaide Central Market">Adelaide Central Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Entertainment_Centre" title="Adelaide Entertainment Centre">Adelaide Entertainment Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Festival_Centre" title="Adelaide Festival Centre">Adelaide Festival Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Showground" title="Adelaide Showground">Adelaide Showground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Zoo" title="Adelaide Zoo">Adelaide Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beachouse" title="The Beachouse">The Beachouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thebarton_Theatre" title="Thebarton Theatre">Thebarton Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Beaches and islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldinga_Beach,_South_Australia" title="Aldinga Beach, South Australia">Aldinga Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_South_Australia" title="Brighton, South Australia">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christies_Beach,_South_Australia" title="Christies Beach, South Australia">Christies Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenelg,_South_Australia" title="Glenelg, South Australia">Glenelg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henley_Beach,_South_Australia" title="Henley Beach, South Australia">Henley Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Largs_Bay,_South_Australia" title="Largs Bay, South Australia">Largs Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslin_Beach,_South_Australia" title="Maslin Beach, South Australia">Maslin Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moana,_South_Australia" title="Moana, South Australia">Moana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Haven,_South_Australia" title="North Haven, South Australia">North Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seacliff,_South_Australia" title="Seacliff, South Australia">Seacliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semaphore,_South_Australia" title="Semaphore, South Australia">Semaphore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Beach,_South_Australia" title="West Beach, South Australia">West Beach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Queen_Victoria" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Queen_Victoria" title="Template:Queen Victoria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Queen_Victoria" title="Template talk:Queen Victoria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Queen_Victoria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Queen Victoria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Queen_Victoria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of the United Kingdom">Queen of the United Kingdom</a> (1837–1901), <a href="/wiki/Empress_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress of India">Empress of India</a> (1876–1901)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Coronation of Queen Victoria">Coronation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1838_Coronation_Honours" title="1838 Coronation Honours">Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackpen_White_Horse" title="Hackpen White Horse">Hackpen White Horse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_of_Queen_Victoria_and_Prince_Albert" title="Wedding of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert">Wedding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Wedding dress of Queen Victoria">Wedding dress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Jubilee_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria">Golden Jubilee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1887_Golden_Jubilee_Honours" title="1887 Golden Jubilee Honours">Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Golden_Jubilee_Medal" title="Queen Victoria Golden Jubilee Medal">Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Police_Jubilee_Medal" title="Queen Victoria Police Jubilee Medal">Police Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Clock_Tower,_Weymouth" title="Jubilee Clock Tower, Weymouth">Clock Tower, Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clock_Tower,_Brighton" title="Clock Tower, Brighton">Clock Tower, Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_bust_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Jubilee bust of Queen Victoria">Bust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Jubilee_International_Exhibition" title="Adelaide Jubilee International Exhibition">Adelaide Jubilee International Exhibition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Jubilee_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria">Diamond Jubilee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1897_Diamond_Jubilee_Honours" title="1897 Diamond Jubilee Honours">Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal" title="Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee Medal">Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Diamond" title="Jubilee Diamond">Jubilee Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Tower" title="Jubilee Tower">Jubilee Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherries_jubilee" title="Cherries jubilee">Cherries jubilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recessional_(poem)" title="Recessional (poem)">Recessional (poem)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunningham_Clock_Tower" title="Cunningham Clock Tower">Cunningham Clock Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devonshire_House_Ball_of_1897" title="Devonshire House Ball of 1897">Devonshire House Ball</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reign</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedchamber_crisis" title="Bedchamber crisis">Bedchamber crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Queen_Victoria" title="List of prime ministers of Queen Victoria">Prime ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Oxford" title="Edward Oxford">Edward Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_boy_Jones" title="The boy Jones">The boy Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_India" title="Emperor of India">Empress of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Bean" title="John William Bean">John William Bean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_morality" title="Victorian morality">Victorian morality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_visits_to_Manchester_and_Salford_during_the_reign_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Royal visits to Manchester and Salford during the reign of Queen Victoria">Visits to Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_visits_made_by_Queen_Victoria" title="List of foreign visits made by Queen Victoria">Foreign visits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria">Death and state funeral</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Mausoleum,_Frogmore" title="Royal Mausoleum, Frogmore">Mausoleum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> (husband)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal" title="Victoria, Princess Royal">Victoria, German Empress</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Princess Alice of the United Kingdom">Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Helena_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Princess Helena of the United Kingdom">Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Louise,_Duchess_of_Argyll" title="Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll">Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Arthur,_Duke_of_Connaught_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn">Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Leopold,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany">Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Beatrice_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom">Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn">Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Victoria_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Feodora_of_Leiningen" title="Princess Feodora of Leiningen">Feodora, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg</a> (half-sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl,_Prince_of_Leiningen_(1804%E2%80%931856)" title="Karl, Prince of Leiningen (1804–1856)">Carl, 3rd Prince of Leiningen</a> (half-brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descendants_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Descendants of Queen Victoria">Descendants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_descendants_of_Queen_Victoria_and_of_King_Christian_IX" title="Royal descendants of Queen Victoria and of King Christian IX">Royal descendants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_System" title="Kensington System">Kensington System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conroy" title="John Conroy">John Conroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoire_Conroy" title="Victoire Conroy">Victoire Conroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Lehzen" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise Lehzen">Louise Lehzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Flora_Hastings" title="Lady Flora Hastings">Lady Flora Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Percy,_Duchess_of_Northumberland" title="Charlotte Percy, Duchess of Northumberland">Charlotte Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Davys" title="George Davys">George Davys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legitimacy_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Legitimacy of Queen Victoria">Legitimacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Honours</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_named_after_Queen_Victoria" title="List of places named after Queen Victoria">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Day" title="Commonwealth Day">Empire Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Order_of_Victoria_and_Albert" title="Royal Order of Victoria and Albert">Royal Family Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Day" title="Victoria Day">Victoria Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Day_(Scotland)" title="Victoria Day (Scotland)">Victoria Day (Scotland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_(plant)" title="Victoria (plant)">Victoria (plant)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Cultural depictions of Queen Victoria">Depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sixty_Years_a_Queen" title="Sixty Years a Queen"><i>Sixty Years a Queen</i> (1913)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_in_Dover_(1936_film)" title="Victoria in Dover (1936 film)"><i>Victoria in Dover</i> (1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_the_Great" title="Victoria the Great"><i>Victoria the Great</i> (1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixty_Glorious_Years" title="Sixty Glorious Years"><i>Sixty Glorious Years</i> (1938)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_in_Dover_(1954_film)" title="Victoria in Dover (1954 film)"><i>Victoria in Dover</i> (1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Brown" title="Mrs Brown"><i>Mrs Brown</i> (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Victoria" title="The Young Victoria"><i>The Young Victoria</i> (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_%26_Abdul" title="Victoria & Abdul"><i>Victoria & Abdul</i> (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Prince_(film)" title="The Black Prince (film)"><i>The Black Prince</i> (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolittle_(film)" title="Dolittle (film)"><i>Dolittle</i> (2020)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Happy_and_Glorious_(TV_series)" title="Happy and Glorious (TV series)"><i>Happy and Glorious</i> (1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Regina_(film)" title="Victoria Regina (film)"><i>Victoria Regina</i> (1961)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Victoria_(1963_film)" title="The Young Victoria (1963 film)"><i>The Young Victoria</i> (1963)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_%26_Albert_(TV_serial)" title="Victoria & Albert (TV serial)"><i>Victoria & Albert</i> (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looking_for_Victoria" title="Looking for Victoria"><i>Looking for Victoria</i> (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Upstairs_Downstairs" title="Royal Upstairs Downstairs"><i>Royal Upstairs Downstairs</i> (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_(British_TV_series)" title="Victoria (British TV series)"><i>Victoria</i> (2016–2019)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Merrie_England" title="Victoria and Merrie England"><i>Victoria and Merrie England</i> (1897)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Regina_(play)" title="Victoria Regina (play)"><i>Victoria Regina</i> (1934)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_and_Albert" title="I and Albert"><i>I and Albert</i> (1972)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Statues and<br />memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statues_of_Queen_Victoria" title="List of statues of Queen Victoria">List of statues</a></li> <li>London <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Memorial,_London" title="Victoria Memorial, London">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Kensington_Palace" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Kensington Palace">Statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Square,_London" title="Victoria Square, London">Square</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_to_Queen_Victoria,_Leeds" title="Memorial to Queen Victoria, Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_St_Helens" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, St Helens">St Helens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Memorial,_Lancaster" title="Queen Victoria Memorial, Lancaster">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Bristol" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Weymouth" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Weymouth">Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Chester" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Reading" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Reading">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Monument,_Liverpool" title="Victoria Monument, Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Square,_Birmingham" title="Victoria Square, Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Monument,_Birkenhead" title="Queen Victoria Monument, Birkenhead">Birkenhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Arch,_Dundee" title="Royal Arch, Dundee">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmoral_cairns" title="Balmoral cairns">Balmoral cairns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Tower,_Guernsey" title="Victoria Tower, Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Clock_Tower,_Isle_of_Man" title="Victoria Clock Tower, Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li>Valletta <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Valletta" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Valletta">Statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Gate_(Valletta)" title="Victoria Gate (Valletta)">Gate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_(Winnipeg)" title="Statue of Queen Victoria (Winnipeg)">Winnipeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Memorial_(Montreal)" title="Victoria Memorial (Montreal)">Montreal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Square,_Montreal" title="Victoria Square, Montreal">Square</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_(Victoria,_British_Columbia)" title="Statue of Queen Victoria (Victoria, British Columbia)">Victoria, British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria_(Toronto)" title="Statue of Queen Victoria (Toronto)">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Park,_Regina" title="Victoria Park, Regina">Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Bangalore" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Bangalore">Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Hong_Kong" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Garden,_Ahmedabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Garden, Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Memorial,_Kolkata" title="Victoria Memorial, Kolkata">Kolkata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Pavilion" title="Queen Victoria Pavilion">Visakhapatnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Memorial,_Penang" title="Queen Victoria Memorial, Penang">Penang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Sydney" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Sydney">Sydney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Building" title="Queen Victoria Building">Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Square,_Sydney" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Square, Sydney">Square</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Adelaide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens_Gardens,_Brisbane" title="Queens Gardens, Brisbane">Brisbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Gardens" title="Queen Victoria Gardens">Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Square,_Christchurch" title="Victoria Square, Christchurch">Christchurch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Portraits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Queen_Victoria" title="The Coronation of Queen Victoria">The Coronation of Queen Victoria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Marriage_of_Queen_Victoria" title="The Marriage of Queen Victoria">The Marriage of Queen Victoria</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Poetry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Widow_at_Windsor" class="mw-redirect" title="The Widow at Windsor">"The Widow at Windsor" (1892)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recessional_(poem)" title="Recessional (poem)">"Recessional" (1897)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_(The_Kinks_song)" title="Victoria (The Kinks song)"><i>Victoria</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choral_Songs_in_honour_of_Her_Majesty_Queen_Victoria" title="Choral Songs in honour of Her Majesty Queen Victoria"><i>Choral Songs</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Stamps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">British</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Black" title="Penny Black">Penny Black</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Black_VR_official" title="Penny Black VR official">VR official</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Blue" title="Penny Blue">Penny Blue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_penny_blue" title="Two penny blue">Two penny blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Red" title="Penny Red">Penny Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_embossed_postage_stamps" title="British embossed postage stamps">Embossed stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfpenny_Rose_Red" title="Halfpenny Rose Red">Halfpenny Rose Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Halfpence_Red" title="Three Halfpence Red">Three Halfpence Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Venetian_Red" title="Penny Venetian Red">Penny Venetian Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Lilac" title="Penny Lilac">Penny Lilac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Lilac_and_Green_Issue" title="Queen Victoria Lilac and Green Issue">Lilac and Green Issue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Issue" title="Jubilee Issue">Jubilee Issue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Colonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalon_head" title="Chalon head">Chalon head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_12d_black" title="Canada 12d black">Canada 12d black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_2c_Large_Queen_on_laid_paper" title="Canada 2c Large Queen on laid paper">Canada 2c Large Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dull_Rose" title="Dull Rose">Ceylon Dull Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverted_Head_4_Annas" title="Inverted Head 4 Annas">India Inverted Head 4 annas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halfpenny_Yellow" title="Halfpenny Yellow">Malta Halfpenny Yellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius_%22Post_Office%22_stamps" title="Mauritius "Post Office" stamps">Mauritius "Post Office" stamps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osborne_House" title="Osborne House">Osborne House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria%27s_journals" title="Queen Victoria's journals">Queen Victoria's journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_(servant)" title="John Brown (servant)">John Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Karim_(the_Munshi)" title="Abdul Karim (the Munshi)">Abdul Karim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria%27s_pets" title="Queen Victoria's pets">Pets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dash_(spaniel)" title="Dash (spaniel)">Dash</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Diamond_Crown_of_Queen_Victoria" title="Small Diamond Crown of Queen Victoria">Diamond Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoriana" title="Victoriana">Victoriana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_sponge" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria sponge">Victoria sponge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/William_IV" title="William IV">← William IV</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII →</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&oldid=1239838913">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Square,_Adelaide&oldid=1239838913</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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