化石：自然界的'记忆碎片'，揭示时间与尘封骨骼的秘密自然界

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alt="化石：自然界的'记忆碎片'，揭示时间与尘封骨骼的秘密" class="inline-block max-w-full h-auto rounded"> </div>  <div class="text-gray-800 leading-7 space-y-4"> <div><p>通常情况下，动物、植物以及其他生物死亡后会完全腐烂，尤其是未经掩埋的尸体，由于食腐和自然风化、水蚀的多重作用，会消失的了无痕迹。但是有时候，如果彼时彼刻的条件恰到好处，它们就会被“封存”，成为化石。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMclh0bG9mZG44c2tRdWMxbWRZaG5rZ0plT0dUSlBUd3dBVldzc2ExVWxyWFBoRDNOT1psT2JiVHl5TmcvUUxXNjJuRFlOSS84VDRkQnhqYUdEQ0ExRFdDNEd2MGdlK0JyZFNBWDQzMWlYRW1PYWh3QUxucVdtdVFPLzh5eDRXMFZoeTJVMXdCanVsdGgySC9hY1ZoTk93OFJOamZEVVFWOUQ2S3hCQjZCQ1ZaeWs1dmM2TDFsOHcwT09ZNXJLeVRZTTdlR0Y0U1A1RWFWRFNVWEF0Z3JQNVplNFovdG9yMC9FWXYyaUJlRjFycUNRK2NUUGY2N3J3TkhaTHFpQUpBSkF5ZjFxOTFpUDFXZjlMMVJ1VFNUQzdqOHhqWC9VOHA5UzVnOWJYVUlFTDdnPT0=" img_width="2048" img_height="1536" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/0444531534554c16928397e8c4441e54" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>化石像是自然演化过程中的记忆碎片，保留着有关过去的信息，又像是千万年前抓拍的照片，定格了生命的蛛丝马迹。一块<a href="/N/b0Ae.html" title="三叶虫化石" style="text-decoration: underline;color: blue;">三叶虫化石</a>可以带我们回到5.3亿年前的生命大爆发的寒武纪，一颗恐龙蛋化石能记录千万年、亿年前的生态环境，还能给《侏罗纪公园》编剧们创作的灵感。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMcDdrUE41Zmx2cFFHblNHWjBsTXdjY3M4cU1XQmc3US9qekY1SHFrN1dpNE15L2ZJZE5pWW5UT2hSNnl0N0lUR2hna3hTVkZxdklWR09LMW5ETTRFMUhLNXdPaFZ3WHgxRGQ0Q1FGWlFPWG54SWtBWHljWVBwL0JPQTNjWlpvV0pPR0wwN2ZNVDdwWGV0WjVmbW1HVlNTVTcrbDA1VkFxR3JVMThFN0o5ZjRCR2ErWDFGMnpXOXVjSG05eS84dlhIY3BsaW80WnJrMDRkK1J2cmVIVG5pQmNCbzlIeldwdnhQL3hIVXVDZG5hb1VoTUJaMkRFNGMzY3pJU2k3TnN6MFJRTnJaN3p1OHpzOG4yMW53WGtjTmtJRUIwYXhtSlBCNzV6dE5SNTloWitRPT0=" img_width="3682" img_height="2071" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/4600dadfaa1744b0b0afcfc34b7ea7dc" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p><a href="/N/JdRmm.html" title="化石的形成" style="text-decoration: underline;color: blue;">化石的形成</a>，虽然是简单的物理、化学过程，但是恰到好处的时机至关重要，琥珀化石最能说明时机的作用。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMb1ZDdUwrY3ZvL3lWL0Q1MnR3bnlJVTBlN3YwdmdEVzZWOTVqZTZiMmlNYjdsMEtlMU9LVDBGajRnTjdUZGFMUkwxM256Z0hnaGt2ZG9RSWFKS0hlMTZ2R203NVMwNG9WT3c1K2o1Vnl5cDBDRGRtK2EyMUpkT3VTOTFYM2x1M1Zia29zY3QrRHlsakY3MC9JSDE4Z01FYy9LcnIrNjFkdDduQ01oZWFMaitNMDV6cWN3M2lGTUl0WUh0QXpLNFJNT0NIM0liZlJDZCtOQXFocWlrR2xVeXF0NVlzTitnS0VwckZTRHd5dUNCNWwvdmJKTTJ1Y1hyUWoxUmxNRVJmcjg0V3ZkS0pjZk5oYVh5aVg4czlIbWM=" img_width="2048" img_height="1536" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/9e5a03f8366d44ae8faf4897ee63c366" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>裸子植物能分泌出的粘度极高的树脂，这种黏糊糊的液体从树上掉落的时候，如果有小昆虫或者植物正好被包裹，就有了化石形成的先决条件，当树脂逐渐变硬被掩埋，从而躲过风化和侵蚀，就可能形成保存有完整动植物的琥珀化石。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMcjVCR2dhOTZYRnl1OFFUY1M2Uitta1hVSnZMVlFBQjVtdVBMZUI3SisxVDlXSUhPa05ZYmo3NkIrYTQ5N0pxSWN3MkRjTUlTRENNR0NDdlEwaUowTmdHcm5aN2FVM3k2OTgydU4zU00zQnRXSmFZbHltcXVjdlJEMkNPaXJYK0NUUmRzTDloNEMwM3FEd2huUnJGZ3FOakxXN3Fka09MOFZYN0hITHVoUlFjbUFrSThNS3dMODlvYlVidFh1SW5Wd05BUDBCMHY0cG9zTThoNHdmemN2VGczTlptYUY3TnFobEpFM2RvTzljMkY4SnJ3dlkvVEdObmdtUXNJM0pmNzZ1OWJGUVQyQmNGYUU3WHQ2S0pCM3U=" img_width="1950" img_height="1100" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/dfc8d20898a241368a391ff7392e4c10" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>除了被包裹的琥珀，冰冻和干燥也能保存身体组织相对完整的生物化石，比如冰冻的猛犸象化石。这些化石是最为直观的古代动植物形态，但它们要么需要极端的气候条件，要么需要争分夺秒，所以非常罕见。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMcGhZSlE2Qk1ndGpWRDBpVWFVZ3EwQkxJMHdwZW9rclVrSGVheEhlSFpic0VGWlZzNkIxSERmSXBMQmdmYkdYWlhLY2tNOXE2ZUZIa0EwUFY1QThQV2JBVGtieUs3UU9teExwNyt6VFdNVy9VeHpyVW5wVU84Y3hUTFhna0dFQzhLckRhNW5MQ3pXWnNGeFdhR1dZeU5qazI4THVoRERqb2s2ZUF0SHF2Y055N3lSclNUbStIeVVucllYZ3FWMzlLRzFLNCtFbW9IbHIrRldRVFpVejhtSUJYTDdqejg5VTNXUzh6NzdDUE5nak5LMm15dlhNUWljZVE3TXVrQ3ViR1I0bWJhNDdHYlZ0cWFIYnZxbi8ycjE=" img_width="1920" img_height="1280" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/568a0827923e48d0a6a03c5bf9776a31" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>大多数化石则是因为火山灰、沙子等沉积物埋藏形成的，动物的皮、毛、肉和植物的叶子等有机体会在沉积物中腐烂，牙齿和骨骼被保留了下来，生物学家将这个过程称为“石化”或者“矿化”。此时，水渗入到残骸中，溶解在水中的矿物质形成晶体，这些结晶矿物质使得残骸与包裹的沉积岩一起变硬，形成实体化石。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMb1Bmc1JmMU1Mcy9wTzBUcXBrSHZNMk40aFBWQVJBR3duc25ucXNrcEVJZElXVFlpMENwSkU3OC9USE5NdkVVSVY1QVlhVy9Jck80d0ZYeFFRM1pQbkVWWmdQQisvdnE4SzBZYWo5MTY4anVveEZRNWcyWDF4bkVrRXZKWEt6YyttRmhTR1B5L3Y1ZlRDVXZxdSs2anhJaDNJZHRYZ0U5VUZJcTZXdWRFUldoQzdlbTBkRE5OclVpTzk5WU56SXJPeFJETVJFd2NMZWhob05yWSs4Zm0xOVdzSDAveWNhL1JRU0xNNitiSzhLRXJBRWVieCt5SGlpc21HUEc0dzk0RkZLSTRrcnhqekVoNkl0ZlJhdFRQY0U=" img_width="1900" img_height="1425" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/c929034d075a45d0be66dff421833a81" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>还有一种化石，它并没有保留生物的原貌，而是以模子的形态存在。这种化石因为动植物有机体完全溶解在了沉积岩中，骨骼和硬壳也都被消融，“尸体”不复存在，但是它会在岩石中留下轮廓和痕迹，形成一个类似我们现在做“糕点”时用的模具，这种化石被称为模铸化石。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMcm5sRnVqaEw5Vm0xdTZYZG0wWmdvb1dncUZDZ211MkpYK1RKOU9UNGREOGUyY28xbStyWXp4QXZJeFJyQm5HMVZhVDVmQllrM0ZLdlhMNVhZdTFEZWtKWDlmOUMrT05RODBudk9uR3hvZGF0NmVrN2dIbi95K3dpV1dVZkEzUDRYeVBoRkppaE9HRTRWODZmVm5NRUZXUFkrTjc1QVRmdnlnNUtNMC9GbFIwUW1jZzFSNnEyOVlydmFvaGo5MGsrbDRVMEk0MWt0eTJhcVVsdWpqem9zQ2dLR01oM08ra1dBcFcwOVg4UWFUbEtoa3RMTXUvVVJ4Z1hEY1NlYVNtTUZzUFJ5UGZrSXVNQ012U2xNOFRZK1M=" img_width="2048" img_height="1536" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/aa14d77d0c5042c293a5ebbddc686270" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>无论哪种形成方式，有机物消失殆尽是化石形成的必经过程，但最近研究者们有了新的发现。他们在一些化石中发现了白垩纪的有机物质，时间大约在6550万年到1.455亿年，检测表明，这些有机物质属于恐龙，因为它们与从恐龙进化而来的鸟类中的某些蛋白质相匹配。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMb3lBcS9XQ3N1dFpDdlhRSzZVcUdZU2htOC9jcmx4ZWlnMXI4S2RLTGt6NHpVcmxNSDkxay9ZTnNlT1FIaWFLTSt4OG9CZW9QMWhYY2RRTHpOL0hrcXFtSGdsNFpwb2J0TFdWRW9VZno1c2w2SjFVcXFCamRuTmlTTkN2U25BQlIzWnE4d0U3U1VjUHoyY2tKNCtmdnQ2UXBlWUlMNjhrMkg4VHlCTTIwOVlpUnZha2t2dnZyNHd6RlkwMjl2MlFZZzB2TzhybGl1cENuc2R4SzRhOWRRNUFZYklwSWVYQ0g1c1Z6d1NGY1lFaFhJREkvMDdNaWJLTW9YUGllQ0toWEwrSHdyb1N2NDA3bTRWRXlIakFrL0g=" img_width="1101" img_height="1883" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/75bf9ca619e64f57974dc018cf0ff147" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>罗文大学地球与环境学院院长肯拉科瓦拉认为，虽然还不清楚这些有机物质是如何被保存下来的，但是砂岩可能解开谜题的钥匙，它可能是保存化石中有机物的最佳环境。</p><div class="pgc-img"><img src="/images/MGRwMWlPdGpMMVVoc21pRFkrMU5SL0FVU05qclAzOVR0M09GM2FUNnFMb0NjTkkvU2wvN2pTTVd5eXN5NTg3OFdtRG95M01OTHNSUWg3c3UrM1FqWVo0WGp0KzUyeFVMM0JoYUxnQmZQbXE4Y1A3Q2hncTk0VmJZdi9WQkd2c1BVUGpSTWFleHRqZE55ZFh3Mm8xYkMvRlJEeVFTbngyYjFYTkdicE1MbTBsNmZFMk5ad2lkeVVRYnlkK1lDNE5vWk9VZklRaDQxejJyVUducU9tUjU3NEhxRS9tL2hvYUFSWENGNnRXME5WclhqTXpERTFhYnZER3Urakc1UDhVQkp1Z0FEV05tMjV0ZzBSbmdvUTlYQTJuMkNKVVVhTlJTclFNMWVWVkp2N1dpZkpJVU83OFRydGdpVW4yQ2tHbGc=" img_width="2048" img_height="1365" data-story_id="0" data-image_ids="[]" image_type="1" mime_type="image/jpeg" web_uri="pgc-image/b722711ec9eb40a6bedf446a341b948a" class="syl-page-img" style="height: auto;"><p class="pgc-img-caption"></p></div><p>有机物化石的发现，让<a href="/N/m3Zd.html" title="古生物学家" style="text-decoration: underline;color: blue;">古生物学家</a>能够从中获得更多关于动植物起源的线索与证据，生命起源的更多新发现可能就蕴藏在这些化石中。</p><p>你对<strong>化石是自然界的“记忆碎片”</strong>怎么看，欢迎留言、分享。</p><p>请随手关注、点赞、转发，支持原创！</p></div> </div> </div>  <div class="space-y-6">  <div class="bg-white shadow rounded 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化石：自然界的'记忆碎片'，揭示时间与尘封骨骼的秘密 自然界 - 京密石大全网

化石：自然界的'记忆碎片'，揭示时间与尘封骨骼的秘密自然界 - 京密石大全网