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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1" title="روبرت تايلور – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرت تايلور" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C)" title="رابرت تیلور (بیلگی‌سایار اوزمانی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رابرت تیلور (بیلگی‌سایار اوزمانی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_William_Taylor" title="Robert William Taylor – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert William Taylor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_W._Taylor" title="Robert W. Taylor – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert W. Taylor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(inform%C3%A1tico)" title="Robert Taylor (informático) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Taylor (informático)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87)" title="رابرت تیلور (دانشمند رایانه) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رابرت تیلور (دانشمند رایانه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(scientifique)" title="Robert Taylor (scientifique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Taylor (scientifique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(informatico)" title="Robert Taylor (informatico) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Taylor (informatico)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Роберт Тейлор – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Роберт Тейлор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(sz%C3%A1m%C3%ADt%C3%B3g%C3%A9ptud%C3%B3s)" title="Robert Taylor (számítógéptudós) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Robert Taylor (számítógéptudós)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7)" title="روبرت تايلور (عالم نفس من امريكا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت تايلور (عالم نفس من امريكا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(informaticus)" title="Robert Taylor (informaticus) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robert Taylor (informaticus)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%86%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC_(%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85)" title="ロバート・テイラー (情報工学者) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・テイラー (情報工学者)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_William_Taylor" title="Robert William Taylor – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert William Taylor" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_(%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9)" title="Тейлор, Роберт (учёный) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тейлор, Роберт (учёный)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)" title="Robert Taylor (computer scientist) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Robert Taylor (computer scientist)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Роберт Тејлор (информатичар) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роберт Тејлор (информатичар)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Taylor_(tietojenk%C3%A4sittelytieteilij%C3%A4)" title="Robert Taylor (tietojenkäsittelytieteilijä) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert Taylor (tietojenkäsittelytieteilijä)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="రాబర్ట్ టేలర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాబర్ట్ టేలర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_W._Taylor" title="Robert W. Taylor – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robert W. Taylor" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Роберт Тейлор (вчений) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Тейлор (вчений)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q93038#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American computer scientist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Robert William Taylor</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Taylor_in_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bob Taylor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Bob_Taylor_in_2008.jpg/220px-Bob_Taylor_in_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Bob_Taylor_in_2008.jpg/330px-Bob_Taylor_in_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Bob_Taylor_in_2008.jpg/440px-Bob_Taylor_in_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Robert William Taylor in 2008</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1932-02-10</span>)</span>February 10, 1932<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 13, 2017<span style="display:none">(2017-04-13)</span> (aged 85)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Woodside,_California" title="Woodside, California">Woodside</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">America</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Texas">University of Texas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Internet pioneer<br />Computer networking & Communication systems<br />Modern personal computing</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Derek Taylor<br />Erik Taylor<br />Kurt Taylor</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ACM_Software_Systems_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="ACM Software Systems Award">ACM Software Systems Award</a> (1984)<br /><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">ACM</a> Fellow (1994)<br /><a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Technology_and_Innovation" title="National Medal of Technology and Innovation">National Medal of Technology and Innovation</a> (1999)<br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize" title="Charles Stark Draper Prize">Charles Stark Draper Prize</a> (2004) <br /><a href="/wiki/Computer_History_Museum" title="Computer History Museum">Computer History Museum</a> Fellow (2013) <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Defense_Advanced_Research_Projects_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency">ARPA</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Xerox_PARC" class="mw-redirect" title="Xerox PARC">Xerox PARC</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert William Taylor</b> (February 10, 1932 – April 13, 2017), known as <b>Bob Taylor</b>, was an American <a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Internet pioneer</a>, who led teams that made major contributions to the personal computer, and other related technologies. He was director of <a href="/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">ARPA</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Information_Processing_Techniques_Office" title="Information Processing Techniques Office">Information Processing Techniques Office</a> from 1965 through 1969, founder and later manager of <a href="/wiki/PARC_(company)" title="PARC (company)">Xerox PARC</a>'s Computer Science Laboratory from 1970 through 1983, and founder and manager of <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a>'s <a href="/wiki/DEC_Systems_Research_Center" title="DEC Systems Research Center">Systems Research Center</a> until 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uniquely, Taylor had no formal academic training or research experience in <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a>; <a href="/wiki/Severo_Ornstein" title="Severo Ornstein">Severo Ornstein</a> likened Taylor to a "concert pianist without fingers", a perception reaffirmed by historian Leslie Berlin: "Taylor could hear a faint melody in the distance, but he could not play it himself. He knew whether to move up or down the scale to approximate the sound, he could recognize when a note was wrong, but he needed someone else to make the music."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His awards include the <a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Technology_and_Innovation" title="National Medal of Technology and Innovation">National Medal of Technology and Innovation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize" title="Charles Stark Draper Prize">Draper Prize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-almanac_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almanac-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taylor was known for his high-level vision: "The Internet is not about technology; it's about communication. The Internet connects people who have shared interests, ideas and needs, regardless of geography."<sup id="cite_ref-almanac_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almanac-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Robert W. Taylor was born in <a href="/wiki/Dallas,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas, Texas">Dallas, Texas</a>, in 1932.<sup id="cite_ref-texas_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-texas-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His adoptive father, Rev. Raymond Taylor, was a <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a> minister who held degrees from <a href="/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University" title="Southern Methodist University">Southern Methodist University</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yale_Divinity_School" title="Yale Divinity School">Yale Divinity School</a>. The family (including Taylor's adoptive mother, Audrey) was highly itinerant during Taylor's childhood, moving from parish to parish. Having skipped several grades as a result of his enrollment in an experimental school, he began his higher education at Southern Methodist University at the age of 16 in 1948; while there, he was "not a serious student" but "had a good time."<sup id="cite_ref-computerhistory.org_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-computerhistory.org-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taylor then served a stint in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Naval Reserve">United States Naval Reserve</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> (1952–1954) at <a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Air Station Dallas">Naval Air Station Dallas</a> before returning to his studies at the University of Texas at Austin under the <a href="/wiki/GI_Bill" class="mw-redirect" title="GI Bill">GI Bill</a>. At UT he was a "professional student," taking courses for pleasure. In 1957, he earned an undergraduate degree in <a href="/wiki/Experimental_psychology" title="Experimental psychology">experimental psychology</a><sup id="cite_ref-marquiswhoswho.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marquiswhoswho.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the institution with minors in <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a>, English and <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>. </p><p>He subsequently earned a master's degree in psychology from Texas in 1959<sup id="cite_ref-marquiswhoswho.com_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marquiswhoswho.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before electing not to pursue a <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a> in the field. Reflecting his background in experimental psychology and mathematics, he completed research in <a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">neuroscience</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychoacoustics" title="Psychoacoustics">psychoacoustics</a> and the auditory <a href="/wiki/Nervous_system" title="Nervous system">nervous system</a> as a graduate student. According to Taylor, "I had a teaching assistantship in the department, and they were urging me to get a PhD, but to get a PhD in psychology in those days, maybe still today, you have to qualify and take courses in <a href="/wiki/Abnormal_psychology" title="Abnormal psychology">abnormal psychology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_psychology" title="Social psychology">social psychology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clinical_psychology" title="Clinical psychology">clinical psychology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Child_psychology" class="mw-redirect" title="Child psychology">child psychology</a>, none of which I was interested in. Those are all sort of in the softer regions of psychology. They're not very scientific, they're not very rigorous. I was interested in <a href="/wiki/Physiological_psychology" title="Physiological psychology">physiological psychology</a>, in psychoacoustics or the portion of psychology which deals with science, the nervous system, things that are more like <a href="/wiki/Applied_physics" title="Applied physics">applied physics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a>, really, than they are what normally people think of when they think of psychology. So I didn't want to waste time taking courses in those other areas and so I said I'm not going to get a PhD."<sup id="cite_ref-computerhistory.org_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-computerhistory.org-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After leaving Texas, Taylor taught math and coached basketball for a year at Howey Academy, a co-ed prep school in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. "I had a wonderful time but was very poor, with a second child — who turned out to be twins — on the way," he recalled. </p><p>Taylor took engineering jobs with aircraft companies at better salaries. He helped to design the <a href="/wiki/MGM-31_Pershing" title="MGM-31 Pershing">MGM-31 Pershing</a> as a senior systems engineer for <a href="/wiki/Defense_contractor" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense contractor">defense contractor</a> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Marietta" title="Martin Marietta">Martin Marietta</a> (1960–1961) in <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a>. </p><p>In 1962, after submitting a research proposal for a flight control simulation display, he was invited to join <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s Office of Advanced Research and Technology as a program manager assigned to the crewed flight control and display division. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Computer_career">Computer career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Computer career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taylor worked for NASA in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> while the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidency of John F. Kennedy">Kennedy administration</a> was backing research and development projects such as the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo program</a> for a crewed moon landing. In late 1962 Taylor met <a href="/wiki/J._C._R._Licklider" title="J. C. R. Licklider">J. C. R. Licklider</a>, who was heading the new <a href="/wiki/Information_Processing_Techniques_Office" title="Information Processing Techniques Office">Information Processing Techniques Office</a> (IPTO) of the <a href="/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">Advanced Research Project Agency</a> (ARPA) of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a>. Like Taylor, Licklider had specialized in psychoacoustics during his graduate studies. In March 1960, he published “<a href="/wiki/Man-Computer_Symbiosis" title="Man-Computer Symbiosis">Man-Computer Symbiosis</a>”, an article that envisioned new ways to use computers.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This work was an influential roadmap in the history of the internet and the personal computer, and greatly influenced Taylor.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this period, Taylor also became acquainted with <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Engelbart" title="Douglas Engelbart">Douglas Engelbart</a> at the <a href="/wiki/SRI_International" title="SRI International">Stanford Research Institute</a> in <a href="/wiki/Menlo_Park,_California" title="Menlo Park, California">Menlo Park, California</a>. He directed NASA funding to Engelbart's studies of computer-display technology at SRI that led to the <a href="/wiki/Computer_mouse" title="Computer mouse">computer mouse</a>. The public demonstration of a mouse-based user interface was later called "<a href="/wiki/The_Mother_of_All_Demos" title="The Mother of All Demos">the Mother of All Demos</a>." At the Fall 1968 <a href="/wiki/Joint_Computer_Conference" title="Joint Computer Conference">Joint Computer Conference</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, Engelbart, <a href="/wiki/Bill_English_(computer_engineer)" title="Bill English (computer engineer)">Bill English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Rulifson" title="Jeff Rulifson">Jeff Rulifson</a> and the rest of the Human <a href="/wiki/Augmentation_Research_Center" title="Augmentation Research Center">Augmentation Research Center</a> team at SRI showed on a big screen how he could manipulate a computer remotely located in Menlo Park, while sitting on a San Francisco stage, using his mouse.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ARPA">ARPA</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: ARPA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1965, Taylor moved from NASA to IPTO, first as a deputy to <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Sutherland" title="Ivan Sutherland">Ivan Sutherland</a> (who returned to academia shortly thereafter) to fund large programs in advanced research in computing at major universities and corporate research centers throughout the United States. Among the computer projects that ARPA supported was <a href="/wiki/Time-sharing" title="Time-sharing">time-sharing</a>, in which many users could work at terminals to share a single large computer. Users could work interactively instead of using <a href="/wiki/Punched_card" title="Punched card">punched cards</a> or <a href="/wiki/Punched_tape" title="Punched tape">punched tape</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Batch_processing" title="Batch processing">batch processing</a> style. Taylor's office in <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">the Pentagon</a> had a terminal connected to time-sharing at <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>, a terminal connected to the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Timesharing_System" title="Berkeley Timesharing System">Berkeley Timesharing System</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>, and a third terminal to the <a href="/wiki/System_Development_Corporation" title="System Development Corporation">System Development Corporation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California" title="Santa Monica, California">Santa Monica, California</a>. He noticed each system developed a community of users, but was isolated from the other communities.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taylor hoped to build a <a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">computer network</a> to connect the ARPA-sponsored projects together, if nothing else, to let him communicate to all of them through one terminal. By June 1966, Taylor had been named director of IPTO; in this capacity, he shepherded the <a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a> project until 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-Wizards12_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wizards12-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taylor had convinced ARPA director <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Herzfeld" title="Charles M. Herzfeld">Charles M. Herzfeld</a> to fund a network project earlier in February 1966, and Herzfeld transferred a million dollars from a ballistic missile defense program to Taylor's budget.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taylor hired <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Roberts_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Roberts (scientist)">Larry Roberts</a> from <a href="/wiki/MIT_Lincoln_Laboratory" title="MIT Lincoln Laboratory">MIT Lincoln Laboratory</a> to be its first program manager. Roberts first resisted moving to Washington DC, until Herzfeld reminded the director of Lincoln Laboratory that ARPA dominated its funding.<sup id="cite_ref-babbage_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-babbage-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Licklider continued to provide guidance, and <a href="/wiki/Wesley_A._Clark" title="Wesley A. Clark">Wesley A. Clark</a> suggested the use of a dedicated computer, called the <a href="/wiki/Interface_Message_Processor" title="Interface Message Processor">Interface Message Processor</a> at each node of the network instead of centralized control. At the 1967 <a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Operating_Systems_Principles" title="Symposium on Operating Systems Principles">Symposium on Operating Systems Principles</a>, a member of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Davies" title="Donald Davies">Donald Davies</a>' team (<a href="/wiki/Roger_Scantlebury" title="Roger Scantlebury">Roger Scantlebury</a>) presented their research on <a href="/wiki/Packet_switching" title="Packet switching">packet switching</a> and suggested it for use in the ARPANET.<sup id="cite_ref-Isaacson2014_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isaacson2014-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ARPA issued a <a href="/wiki/Request_for_quotation" title="Request for quotation">request for quotation</a> (RFQ) to build the system, which was awarded to <a href="/wiki/BBN_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="BBN Technologies">Bolt, Beranek and Newman</a> (BBN). ATT Bell Labs and <a href="/wiki/IBM_Research" title="IBM Research">IBM Research</a> were invited to join, but were not interested. At a pivotal meeting in 1967 most participants resisted testing the new network; they thought it would slow down their research. </p><p>In 1968, Licklider and Taylor published "The Computer as a Communication Device". The article laid out the future of what the Internet would eventually become.<sup id="cite_ref-com68_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-com68-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It began with a prophetic statement: "In a few years, men will be able to communicate more effectively through a machine than face to face."<sup id="cite_ref-com68_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-com68-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 1967, Taylor was sent by ARPA to investigate inconsistent reports coming from the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. Only 35 years old, he was given an identification card with the military rank equivalent to his civilian position (<a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">brigadier general</a>), thus ensuring protection under the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva convention">Geneva convention</a> if he were captured. Over the course of several trips to the area, he established a computer center at the <a href="/wiki/Military_Assistance_Command,_Vietnam" title="Military Assistance Command, Vietnam">Military Assistance Command, Vietnam</a> base in <a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Ho Chi Minh City">Saigon</a>. In his words: "After that the White House got a single report rather than several. That pleased them; whether the data was any more correct or not, I don't know, but at least it was more consistent."<sup id="cite_ref-babbage_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-babbage-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Vietnam project took him away from directing research, and "by 1969 I knew ARPANET would work. So I wanted to leave."<sup id="cite_ref-babbage_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-babbage-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The election of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> to the presidency and ongoing tensions with Roberts (who, despite maintaining a putatively cordial relationship with Taylor, resented his lack of research experience and appointment to the IPTO directorship) also factored in his decision to leave ARPA. For about a year, he joined Sutherland and <a href="/wiki/David_C._Evans" title="David C. Evans">David C. Evans</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Utah" title="University of Utah">University of Utah</a> in <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>, where he had funded a center for research on computer graphics while at ARPA. </p><p>Unable to acclimate to the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>-dominated milieu, Taylor moved to <a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto,_California" title="Palo Alto, California">Palo Alto, California</a> in 1970 to become associate manager of the Computer Science Laboratory (CSL) at <a href="/wiki/Xerox_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Xerox Corporation">Xerox Corporation</a>'s new <a href="/wiki/PARC_(company)" title="PARC (company)">Palo Alto Research Center</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Xerox">Xerox</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Xerox"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Taylor played an integral role in recruiting scientists for the laboratory from the ARPA network, physicist and Xerox PARC director <a href="/wiki/George_Pake" title="George Pake">George Pake</a> felt that he was an unsuitable candidate to manage the group because he lacked a relevant doctorate and subsequent experience in academic research. While Taylor eschewed a Pake-proposed research program in computer graphics in favor of largely administering the day-to-day operations of the laboratory from its inception, he acquiesced to the appointment of BBN scientist and ARPA network acquaintance <a href="/wiki/Jerome_I._Elkind" title="Jerome I. Elkind">Jerome I. Elkind</a> as titular CSL manager in 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-alto_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Technologies developed at PARC under Taylor's aegis focused on reaching beyond ARPANET to develop what has become the Internet, and the systems that support today's personal computers. They included: </p> <ul><li>Powerful <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Xerox_Alto" title="Xerox Alto">Xerox Alto</a> and later "D-machines") with windowed displays and graphical user interfaces that inspired the <a href="/wiki/Apple_Lisa" title="Apple Lisa">Apple Lisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a>. The Computer Science Laboratory built the Alto, which was conceived by <a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a> and designed mostly by <a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Charles P. Thacker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_M._McCreight" title="Edward M. McCreight">Edward M. McCreight</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Sproull" title="Bob Sproull">Bob Sproull</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Boggs" title="David Boggs">David Boggs</a>. The Learning Research Group of PARC's Systems Science Laboratory (led by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Kay" title="Alan Kay">Alan Kay</a>) added the software-based "desktop" metaphor.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, which networks local computers within a building or campus; and <a href="/wiki/PARC_Universal_Packet" title="PARC Universal Packet">PARC Universal Packet</a> (PUP) an early protocol for <a href="/wiki/Internetworking" title="Internetworking">internetworking</a> that connected the Ethernet to the ARPANET, which was a forerunner to <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. PUP was primarily designed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Boggs" title="David Boggs">David Boggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Charles P. Thacker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Shoch" title="John Shoch">John Shoch</a>.</li> <li>The electronics and software that led to the <a href="/wiki/Laser_printing" title="Laser printing">laser printer</a> (spearheaded by optical engineer <a href="/wiki/Gary_Starkweather" title="Gary Starkweather">Gary Starkweather</a>, who transferred from Xerox's <a href="/wiki/Webster,_New_York" title="Webster, New York">Webster, New York</a> laboratory to work with CSL) and the <a href="/wiki/Interpress" title="Interpress">Interpress</a> <a href="/wiki/Page_description_language" title="Page description language">page description language</a> that allowed <a href="/wiki/John_Warnock" title="John Warnock">John Warnock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Geschke" class="mw-redirect" title="Chuck Geschke">Chuck Geschke</a> to found <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a>.</li> <li>"What-you-see-is-what-you-get" (<a href="/wiki/WYSIWYG" title="WYSIWYG">WYSIWYG</a>) word-processing programs, as exemplified by <a href="/wiki/Bravo_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bravo (software)">Bravo</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Charles_Simonyi" title="Charles Simonyi">Charles Simonyi</a> took to <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> to serve as the basis for <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Word" title="Microsoft Word">Microsoft Word</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperPaint" title="SuperPaint">SuperPaint</a>, a pioneering <a href="/wiki/Graphics_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics program">graphics program</a> and <a href="/wiki/Framebuffer" title="Framebuffer">framebuffer</a> computer system developed by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Shoup_(programmer)" title="Richard Shoup (programmer)">Richard Shoup</a>. The software was written in consultation with future <a href="/wiki/Pixar" title="Pixar">Pixar</a> co-founder <a href="/wiki/Alvy_Ray_Smith" title="Alvy Ray Smith">Alvy Ray Smith</a>, who could not secure an appointment at PARC and was retained as an independent contractor. Although Shoup received a special <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a> (shared with Xerox) in 1983 and an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Scientific_and_Technical_Award" title="Academy Scientific and Technical Award">Academy Scientific Engineering Award</a> (shared with Smith and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Porter_(Pixar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Porter (Pixar)">Thomas Porter</a>) in 1998 for his achievement, program development continued to be marginalized by Taylor and PARC, ultimately precipitating Shoup's departure in 1979.</li></ul> <p>Belying his lack of programming and engineering experience, Taylor was noted for his strident advocacy of Licklider-inspired distributed personal computing and his ability to maintain collegial and productive relationships between what was widely perceived as the foremost array of the epoch's leading computer scientists. This was exemplified by a weekly staff meeting at PARC (colloquially known as "Dealer" after <a href="/wiki/Edward_O._Thorp" title="Edward O. Thorp">Edward O. Thorp</a>'s <i>Beat the Dealer</i>) in which staff members would lead a discussion about myriad topics. They would sit in a circle of beanbag chairs and open debate was encouraged. According to Kay, the meeting "was part of the larger ARPA community to learn how to argue to illuminate rather than merely to win. ... The main purposes of Dealer -- as invented and implemented by Bob Taylor -- were to deal with how to make things work and make progress without having a formal manager structure. The presentations and argumentation were a small part of a deal session (they did quite bother visiting Xeroids). It was quite rare for anything like a personal attack to happen (because people for the most part came into PARC having been blessed by everyone there -- another Taylor rule -- and already knowing how 'to argue reasonably')."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout his tenure at PARC, Taylor frequently clashed with Elkind (who held budgetary responsibility for new projects but found his managerial authority undercut by Taylor's intimate relationships with the research staff) and Pake (who did not countenance Taylor's outsized influence in the laboratory and deprecatory attitude toward Xerox's physics research program, then directly overseen by Pake); as a result, he was not officially invited to the company's "Futures Day" demo (marking the public premiere of the Alto) in <a href="/wiki/Boca_Raton,_Florida" title="Boca Raton, Florida">Boca Raton, Florida</a> in 1977. However, after one of Elkind's extended absences (stemming from his ongoing involvement in other corporate and government projects), Taylor became the manager of the laboratory in early 1978. </p><p>In 1983, physicist and integrated circuit specialist William J. Spencer became director of PARC. Spencer and Taylor disagreed about budget allocations for CSL (exemplified by the ongoing institutional divide between computer science and physics) and CSL's frustration with Xerox's inability to recognize and use what they had developed. In a heated discussion led by Elkind and above, it was implied that Taylor without his PhD might be let go he said he would do them one better, "I Quit", he said. After leaving the building, all of Taylor's scientists were brought into a large meeting room and were informed of his departure from PARC. A scientist stood up and said that they had better get him back and that if they didn't he would never set foot in this place again. Then, one by one, they all stood up and walked out. This sort of loyalty was unprecedented. By the end of the year, Taylor and most of the researchers at CSL who had left Xerox were rejoined again, this time in a Computer Corporation, not a copier company. A coterie of leading computer scientists (including Licklider, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Knuth" title="Donald Knuth">Donald Knuth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dana_Scott" title="Dana Scott">Dana Scott</a>) expressed their displeasure with Xerox's decision not to retain Taylor in a letter-writing campaign to CEO <a href="/wiki/David_Kearns" class="mw-redirect" title="David Kearns">David Kearns</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DEC_SRC">DEC SRC</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: DEC SRC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taylor was hired by <a href="/wiki/Ken_Olsen" title="Ken Olsen">Ken Olsen</a> of <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a>, and formed the <a href="/wiki/DEC_Systems_Research_Center" title="DEC Systems Research Center">Systems Research Center</a> in Palo Alto. Many of the former CSL researchers came to work at SRC. Among the projects at SRC were the <a href="/wiki/Modula-3" title="Modula-3">Modula-3</a> programming language; the snoopy cache, used in the <a href="/wiki/DEC_Firefly" title="DEC Firefly">DEC Firefly</a> multiprocessor workstation; the first multi-threaded Unix system; the first User Interface editor; the <a href="/wiki/AltaVista" title="AltaVista">AltaVista</a> search engine<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a networked Window System. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement_and_death">Retirement and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Retirement and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taylor retired from DEC in 1996. Following his divorce (coinciding with his departure from Xerox), he lived in a secluded house in <a href="/wiki/Woodside,_California" title="Woodside, California">Woodside, California</a>. </p><p>In 2000, he voiced two concerns about the future of the Internet: control and access. In his words: </p> <blockquote><p>There are many worse ways of endangering a larger number of people on the Internet than on the highway. It's possible for people to generate networks that reproduce themselves and are very difficult or impossible to kill off. I want everyone to have the right to use it, but there's got to be some way to insure responsibility.<br /><br />Will it be freely available to everyone? If not, it will be a big disappointment.<sup id="cite_ref-almanac_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almanac-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>On April 13, 2017, he died at his home in Woodside, California. His son said he had suffered from <a href="/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease" title="Parkinson's disease">Parkinson's disease</a> and other health problems.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1984, Taylor, <a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Charles P. Thacker</a> received the <a href="/wiki/ACM_Software_Systems_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="ACM Software Systems Award">ACM Software Systems Award</a> "for conceiving and guiding the development of the Xerox Alto System demonstrating that a distributed personal computer system can provide a desirable and practical alternative to time-sharing."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, all three were named <a href="/wiki/ACM_Fellow" title="ACM Fellow">ACM Fellows</a> in recognition of the same work.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999, Taylor received a <a href="/wiki/National_Medal_of_Technology_and_Innovation" title="National Medal of Technology and Innovation">National Medal of Technology and Innovation</a>. The citation read "For visionary leadership in the development of modern computing technology, including computer networks, the personal computer and the graphical user interface."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Engineering" title="National Academy of Engineering">National Academy of Engineering</a> awarded him along with Lampson, Thacker and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Kay" title="Alan Kay">Alan Kay</a> their highest award, the <a href="/wiki/Draper_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Draper Prize">Draper Prize</a>. The citation reads: "for the vision, conception, and development of the first practical networked personal computers.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>" </p><p>In 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Computer_History_Museum" title="Computer History Museum">Computer History Museum</a> named him a Museum Fellow, "for his leadership in the development of computer networking, online information and communications systems, and modern personal computing."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_pioneers" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet pioneers">Internet pioneers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130515140833/http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Robert,Taylor/">"Hall of Fellows – Computer History Museum"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Robert,Taylor/">the original</a> on 2013-05-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hall+of+Fellows+%E2%80%93+Computer+History+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerhistory.org%2Ffellowawards%2Fhall%2Fbios%2FRobert%2CTaylor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Naughton2000" class="citation book cs1">John Naughton (October 5, 2000). <i>A Brief History of the Future: Origins of the Internet</i>. Phoenix. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-1093-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7538-1093-4"><bdi>978-0-7538-1093-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+the+Future%3A+Origins+of+the+Internet&rft.pub=Phoenix&rft.date=2000-10-05&rft.isbn=978-0-7538-1093-4&rft.au=John+Naughton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerlin2017" class="citation book cs1">Berlin, Leslie (2017-11-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t0k8DwAAQBAJ&q=pianist"><i>Troublemakers: Silicon Valley's Coming of Age</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+California+Almanac&rft.atitle=Building+the+Internet%3A+Bob+Taylor+won+the+National+Medal+of+Technology+%22For+visionary+leadership+in+the+development+of+modern+computing+technology%22&rft.date=2000-10-11&rft.au=Marion+Softky&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.almanacnews.com%2Fmorgue%2F2000%2F2000_10_11.taylor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-texas-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-texas_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGary_Susswein2009" class="citation web cs1">Gary Susswein (September 14, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100720175751/http://www.utexas.edu/features/2009/09/14/taylor_internet/">"Internet and use of the computer as communication device the 1960s brainchild of psychology alum"</a>. <i>University of Texas Alumni profile</i>. 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HFE-1: 4–11. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2Fthfe2.1960.4503259">10.1109/thfe2.1960.4503259</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IRE+Transactions+on+Human+Factors+in+Electronics&rft.atitle=Man-Computer+Symbiosis&rft.volume=HFE-1&rft.pages=4-11&rft.date=1960-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2Fthfe2.1960.4503259&rft.au=J.+C.+R.+Licklider&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgroups.csail.mit.edu%2Fmedg%2Fpeople%2Fpsz%2FLicklider.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Markoff, John, Innovator who helped create PC, Internet and mouse, New York Times, April 15, 2017, pA14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Markoff1999" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Markoff" title="John Markoff">John Markoff</a> (December 20, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://partners.nytimes.com/library/tech/99/12/biztech/articles/122099outlook-bobb.html">"An Internet Pioneer Ponders the Next Revolution"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=An+Internet+Pioneer+Ponders+the+Next+Revolution&rft.date=1999-12-20&rft.au=John+Markoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpartners.nytimes.com%2Flibrary%2Ftech%2F99%2F12%2Fbiztech%2Farticles%2F122099outlook-bobb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wizards12-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wizards12_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lyon, Matthew; Hafner, Katie (1999-08-19). 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Kindle Edition "1965 to 1969"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Markoff, John, Innovator who helped create PC, Internet and the mouse, New York Times, April 15, 2017, p.A1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-babbage-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-babbage_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-babbage_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-babbage_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.umn.edu/107666">"Oral history interview with Robert William Taylor"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Babbage_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Babbage Institute">Charles Babbage Institute</a>, University of Minnesota. 28 February 1989<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oral+history+interview+with+Robert+William+Taylor&rft.pub=Charles+Babbage+Institute%2C+University+of+Minnesota&rft.date=1989-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.umn.edu%2F107666&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isaacson2014-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Isaacson2014_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsaacson2014" class="citation book cs1">Isaacson, Walter (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4V9koAEACAAJ&pg=PA237"><i>The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution</i></a>. 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From the Myths of Creativity by David Bur... | Hacker News"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interesting+read+on+%22Dealer%22+meetings.+From+the+Myths+of+Creativity+by+David+Bur...+%26%23124%3B+Hacker+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.ycombinator.com%2Fitem%3Fid%3D14111999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Markoff, John, Innovator who helped create the PC, Internet and the mouse, New York Times, April 15, 2017, p.A14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-ln-robert-taylor-obit-20170414-story.html">"Robert W. Taylor, a pioneer of the modern computer, dies at 85"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. 14 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Robert+W.+Taylor%2C+a+pioneer+of+the+modern+computer%2C+dies+at+85&rft.date=2017-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Flocal%2Fcalifornia%2Fla-me-ln-robert-taylor-obit-20170414-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://awards.acm.org/software-system/award-winners">"ACM Software System Award Winners"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ACM+Software+System+Award+Winners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fawards.acm.org%2Fsoftware-system%2Faward-winners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160316185916/http://awards.acm.org/award_winners/taylor_1076264.cfm">"Robert W. Taylor ACM Awards"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://awards.acm.org/award_winners/taylor_1076264.cfm">the original</a> on March 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+W.+Taylor+ACM+Awards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fawards.acm.org%2Faward_winners%2Ftaylor_1076264.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uspto.gov/about/nmti/recipients/1999.jsp#heading-4">"The National Medal of Technology and Innovation Recipients"</a>. US Patent and Trademark Office. 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+National+Medal+of+Technology+and+Innovation+Recipients&rft.pub=US+Patent+and+Trademark+Office&rft.date=1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uspto.gov%2Fabout%2Fnmti%2Frecipients%2F1999.jsp%23heading-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nae.edu/Projects/Awards/DraperPrize/DraperWinners/page20048879/55018.aspx">"Robert W. Taylor profile on NAE Website"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+W.+Taylor+profile+on+NAE+Website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nae.edu%2FProjects%2FAwards%2FDraperPrize%2FDraperWinners%2Fpage20048879%2F55018.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCHM" class="citation web cs1">CHM. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150327022226/http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Robert,Taylor">"Robert W. Taylor — CHM Fellow Award Winner"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/hall/bios/Robert,Taylor/">the original</a> on March 27, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+W.+Taylor+%E2%80%94+CHM+Fellow+Award+Winner&rft.au=CHM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerhistory.org%2Ffellowawards%2Fhall%2Fbios%2FRobert%2CTaylor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._Mitchell_Waldrop2001" class="citation book cs1">M. Mitchell Waldrop (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dreammachinejcrl00wald"><i>The Dream Machine: J. C. R. Licklider and the Revolution That Made Computing Personal</i></a></span>. New York: Viking Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-89976-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-89976-0"><bdi>978-0-670-89976-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dream+Machine%3A+J.+C.+R.+Licklider+and+the+Revolution+That+Made+Computing+Personal&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Viking+Penguin&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-670-89976-0&rft.au=M.+Mitchell+Waldrop&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdreammachinejcrl00wald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_A._Hiltzik2000" class="citation book cs1">Michael A. Hiltzik (April 4, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lzgOduibRJgC"><i>The Dealers of Lightning: Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age</i></a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88730-989-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88730-989-2"><bdi>978-0-88730-989-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dealers+of+Lightning%3A+Xerox+PARC+and+the+Dawn+of+the+Computer+Age&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2000-04-04&rft.isbn=978-0-88730-989-2&rft.au=Michael+A.+Hiltzik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlzgOduibRJgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memex.org/licklider.pdf">"In Memoriam: J. C. R. Licklider 1915–1990"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Palo Alto, California: Digital Equipment Corporation Systems Research Center. August 7, 1990.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+Memoriam%3A+J.+C.+R.+Licklider+1915%E2%80%931990&rft.place=Palo+Alto%2C+California&rft.pub=Digital+Equipment+Corporation+Systems+Research+Center&rft.date=1990-08-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmemex.org%2Flicklider.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span> Reprints of early papers with preface by Taylor</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Robert_Taylor_(computer_scientist)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Robert Taylor (computer scientist)">Robert Taylor (computer scientist)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rheingold.com/texts/tft/10.html?">The New Old Boys From the ARPAnet</a> Extract from 'Tools for Thought' by <a href="/wiki/Howard_Rheingold" title="Howard Rheingold">Howard Rheingold</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130113031037/http://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=8751640&srt=year&year=1984&aw=149&ao=SOFTWSYS">1984 ACM Software Systems Award citation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fellows.acm.org/fellow_citation.cfm?id=1076264&srt=all">1994 ACM Fellow citation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061214175121/http://www.nae.edu/NAE/awardscom.nsf/weblinks/LRAO-5WEUYY?OpenDocument">2004 Draper Prize citation</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_McJones2008" class="citation web cs1">Paul McJones (October 11, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Oral_History/Taylor_Robert/102702015.05.01.acc.pdf">"Oral History of Robert (Bob) W. Taylor"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Computer History Museum<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oral+History+of+Robert+%28Bob%29+W.+Taylor&rft.pub=Computer+History+Museum&rft.date=2008-10-11&rft.au=Paul+McJones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.computerhistory.org%2Fresources%2Ftext%2FOral_History%2FTaylor_Robert%2F102702015.05.01.acc.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Taylor+%28computer+scientist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000082253749">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/48050565">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1442706/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtxjkmq6wyYrjcmRrycfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79145949">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/profile/81100520259">Association for Computing Machinery</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dblp.org/pid/31/1172">DBLP</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6q832hs">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize_recipients" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize" title="Template:Charles Stark Draper Prize"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize" title="Template talk:Charles Stark Draper Prize"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Charles Stark Draper Prize"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize_recipients" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stark_Draper_Prize" title="Charles Stark Draper Prize">Charles Stark Draper Prize</a> recipients</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Jack Kilby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Noyce" title="Robert Noyce">Robert Noyce</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Whittle" title="Frank Whittle">Frank Whittle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Ohain" title="Hans von Ohain">Hans von Ohain</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Backus" title="John Backus">John Backus </a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Pierce" title="John R. Pierce">John R. Pierce</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_A._Rosen" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold A. Rosen">Harold A. Rosen</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Haensel" title="Vladimir Haensel">Vladimir Haensel</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Maurer" title="Robert D. Maurer">Robert D. Maurer</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_B._MacChesney" title="John B. MacChesney">John B. MacChesney</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vinton_Cerf" class="mw-redirect" title="Vinton Cerf">Vinton Cerf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Bob Kahn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Kleinrock" title="Leonard Kleinrock">Leonard Kleinrock</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_G._Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence G. Roberts">Lawrence G. Roberts</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Langer" title="Robert S. Langer">Robert Langer</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Getting" title="Ivan Getting">Ivan Getting</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bradford_Parkinson" title="Bradford Parkinson">Bradford Parkinson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Kay" title="Alan Kay">Alan Kay </a> / <a href="/wiki/Butler_Lampson" title="Butler Lampson">Butler Lampson</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Taylor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Thacker" title="Charles P. Thacker">Charles P. Thacker</a> (2004)</li> <li>Minoru S. Araki / Francis J. Madden / Edward A. Miller / <a href="/wiki/James_W._Plummer" title="James W. Plummer">James W. Plummer</a> / Don H. Schoessler (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Boyle" title="Willard Boyle">Willard Boyle</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">George E. Smith</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_E._K%C3%A1lm%C3%A1n" title="Rudolf E. Kálmán">Rudolf E. Kálmán</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Dennard" title="Robert H. Dennard">Robert H. Dennard</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willem_P._C._Stemmer" title="Willem P. C. Stemmer">Willem P. C. Stemmer</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Heilmeier" title="George H. Heilmeier">George H. Heilmeier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Helfrich" title="Wolfgang Helfrich">Wolfgang Helfrich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schadt" title="Martin Schadt">Martin Schadt</a> / <a href="/wiki/T._Peter_Brody" title="T. Peter Brody">T. Peter Brody</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Haug" title="Thomas Haug">Thomas Haug</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Cooper_(inventor)" title="Martin Cooper (inventor)">Martin Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yoshihisa_Okumura" title="Yoshihisa Okumura">Yoshihisa Okumura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Frenkiel" title="Richard H. Frenkiel">Richard H. Frenkiel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joel_S._Engel" title="Joel S. Engel">Joel S. Engel</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Goodenough" title="John B. Goodenough">John B. Goodenough</a> / Yoshio Nishi / <a href="/wiki/Rachid_Yazami" title="Rachid Yazami">Rachid Yazami</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Yoshino" title="Akira Yoshino">Akira Yoshino</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Isamu Akasaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/M._George_Craford" title="M. George Craford">George Craford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Russell_Dupuis" title="Russell Dupuis">Russell Dupuis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nick_Holonyak" title="Nick Holonyak">Nick Holonyak</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shuji_Nakamura" title="Shuji Nakamura">Shuji Nakamura</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Viterbi" title="Andrew Viterbi">Andrew Viterbi</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bjarne_Stroustrup" title="Bjarne Stroustrup">Bjarne Stroustrup</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Fr%C3%A9chet" title="Jean Fréchet">Jean Fréchet</a> / C. Grant Willson (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Furber" title="Steve Furber">Steve Furber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">John L. Hennessy</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Patterson_(computer_scientist)" title="David Patterson (computer scientist)">David Patterson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Wilson" title="Sophie Wilson">Sophie Wilson</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Internet_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Internet_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Internet Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Internet_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Internet Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Internet_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Internet Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Internet_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Hall_of_Fame" title="Internet Hall of Fame">Internet Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pioneers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Pioneers</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baran" title="Paul Baran">Paul Baran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Cohen_(computer_scientist)" title="Danny Cohen (computer scientist)">Danny Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Crocker" title="Steve Crocker">Steve Crocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Davies" title="Donald Davies">Donald Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_J._Feinler" title="Elizabeth J. Feinler">Elizabeth J. Feinler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Herzfeld" title="Charles M. Herzfeld">Charles Herzfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kahn_(computer_scientist)" title="Robert Kahn (computer scientist)">Robert Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_T._Kirstein" title="Peter T. Kirstein">Peter T. Kirstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Kleinrock" title="Leonard Kleinrock">Leonard Kleinrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Klensin" title="John Klensin">John Klensin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Postel" title="Jon Postel">Jon Postel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Pouzin" title="Louis Pouzin">Louis Pouzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Roberts_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Roberts (scientist)">Lawrence Roberts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_D._Clark" title="David D. Clark">David Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_J._Farber" title="David J. Farber">David Farber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Frank_(network_engineer)" title="Howard Frank (network engineer)">Howard Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanchana_Kanchanasut" title="Kanchana Kanchanasut">Kanchana Kanchanasut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._R._Licklider" title="J. C. R. Licklider">J. C. R. Licklider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Bob Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun_Murai" title="Jun Murai">Jun Murai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kees_Neggers" title="Kees Neggers">Kees Neggers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nii_Quaynor" title="Nii Quaynor">Nii Quaynor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Ricart" title="Glenn Ricart">Glenn Ricart</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Wolff" title="Stephen Wolff">Stephen Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Zorn" title="Werner Zorn">Werner Zorn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Engelbart" title="Douglas Engelbart">Douglas Engelbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Estrada" title="Susan Estrada">Susan Estrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Heart" title="Frank Heart">Frank Heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Jennings_(Internet_pioneer)" title="Dennis Jennings (Internet pioneer)">Dennis Jennings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Nordhagen_(physicist)" title="Rolf Nordhagen (physicist)">Rolf Nordhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radia_Perlman" title="Radia Perlman">Radia Perlman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Global_connectors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Global connectors</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Bush_(scientist)" title="Randy Bush (scientist)">Randy Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilnam_Chon" title="Kilnam Chon">Kilnam Chon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Hafkin" title="Nancy Hafkin">Nancy Hafkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Huston_(scientist)" title="Geoff Huston (scientist)">Geoff Huston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Karrenberg" title="Daniel Karrenberg">Daniel Karrenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toru_Takahashi_(Internet)" title="Toru Takahashi (Internet)">Toru Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Tin_Wee" title="Tan Tin Wee">Tan Tin Wee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Banks" title="Karen Banks">Karen Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gihan_Dias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gihan Dias (page does not exist)">Gihan Dias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anriette_Esterhuysen" title="Anriette Esterhuysen">Anriette Esterhuysen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Goldstein_(NSF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Goldstein (NSF) (page does not exist)">Steve Goldstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teus_Hagen" title="Teus Hagen">Teus Hagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Holz" title="Ida Holz">Ida Holz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Qiheng" title="Hu Qiheng">Qiheng Hu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haruhisa_Ishida" title="Haruhisa Ishida">Haruhisa Ishida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barry_Leiner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barry Leiner (page does not exist)">Barry Leiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sadowsky" title="George Sadowsky">George Sadowsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dai_Davies_(internet_pioneer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dai Davies (internet pioneer) (page does not exist)">Dai Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demi_Getschko" title="Demi Getschko">Demi Getschko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masaki_Hirabaru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masaki Hirabaru (page does not exist)">Masaki Hirabaru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erik_Huizer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erik Huizer (page does not exist)">Erik Huizer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Huter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Huter (page does not exist)">Steve Huter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhaya_Induruwa" title="Abhaya Induruwa">Abhaya Induruwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorcas_Muthoni" title="Dorcas Muthoni">Dorcas Muthoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabir_Pun" title="Mahabir Pun">Mahabir Pun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Srinivasan_Ramani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srinivasan Ramani (page does not exist)">Srinivasan Ramani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Roberts_(internet)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Roberts (internet) (page does not exist)">Michael Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Segal_(computer_scientist)" title="Ben Segal (computer scientist)">Ben Segal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Van_Houweling" title="Douglas Van Houweling">Douglas Van Houweling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nabil_Bukhalid" title="Nabil Bukhalid">Nabil Bukhalid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_Fuchs" title="Ira Fuchs">Ira Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeki_Goto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shigeki Goto (page does not exist)">Shigeki Goto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Jensen_(internet_pioneer)" title="Mike Jensen (internet pioneer)">Mike Jensen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ermanno_Pietrosemoli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ermanno Pietrosemoli (page does not exist)">Ermanno Pietrosemoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadao_Takahashi" title="Tadao Takahashi">Tadao Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florencio_Utreras" title="Florencio Utreras">Florencio Utreras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Jianping" title="Wu Jianping">Wu Jianping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Innovators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Innovators</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Baker" title="Mitchell Baker">Mitchell Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cailliau" title="Robert Cailliau">Robert Cailliau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Jacobson" title="Van Jacobson">Van Jacobson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Landweber" title="Lawrence Landweber">Lawrence Landweber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mockapetris" title="Paul Mockapetris">Paul Mockapetris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Newmark" title="Craig Newmark">Craig Newmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Tomlinson" title="Ray Tomlinson">Ray Tomlinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linus_Torvalds" title="Linus Torvalds">Linus Torvalds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Zimmermann" title="Phil Zimmermann">Phil Zimmermann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Andreessen" title="Marc Andreessen">Marc Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Perry_Barlow" title="John Perry Barlow">John Perry Barlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fl%C3%BCckiger" title="François Flückiger">François Flückiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Kent_(network_security)" title="Stephen Kent (network security)">Stephen Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Marie_Eklund_L%C3%B6winder" title="Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder">Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henning_Schulzrinne" title="Henning Schulzrinne">Henning Schulzrinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Allman" title="Eric Allman">Eric Allman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Bina" title="Eric Bina">Eric Bina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Brandenburg" title="Karlheinz Brandenburg">Karlheinz Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cioffi" title="John Cioffi">John Cioffi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hualin_Qian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hualin Qian (page does not exist)">Hualin Qian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Vixie" title="Paul Vixie">Paul Vixie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaap_Akkerhuis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaap Akkerhuis (page does not exist)">Jaap Akkerhuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Andres" title="Yvonne Andres">Yvonne Marie Andres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Emtage" title="Alan Emtage">Alan Emtage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Krol" title="Ed Krol">Ed Krol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_LaQuey_Parker" title="Tracy LaQuey Parker">Tracy LaQuey Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Partridge" title="Craig Partridge">Craig Partridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Inductees_since_2019" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inductees since 2019</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adiel_Akplogan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adiel Akplogan (page does not exist)">Adiel Akplogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KC_Claffy" title="KC Claffy">Kimberly Claffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Comer" title="Douglas Comer">Douglas Comer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elise_Gerich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elise Gerich (page does not exist)">Elise Gerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Irving" title="Larry Irving">Larry Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_C._Lynch" title="Daniel C. Lynch">Dan Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Armour_Polly" title="Jean Armour Polly">Jean Armour Polly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Soriano_(internet_pioneer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Soriano (internet pioneer) (page does not exist)">José Soriano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Stanton_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Stanton (computer scientist) (page does not exist)">Michael Stanton</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Stanton" class="extiw" title="pt:Michael Stanton">pt</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaas_Wierenga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaas Wierenga (page does not exist)">Klaas Wierenga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suguru_Yamaguchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suguru Yamaguchi (page does not exist)">Suguru Yamaguchi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3%E8%8B%B1" class="extiw" title="ja:山口英">ja</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Afonso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos Afonso (page does not exist)">Carlos Afonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Blokzijl" title="Rob Blokzijl">Rob Blokzijl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-Werner_Braun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Werner Braun (page does not exist)">Hans-Werner Braun</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans-Werner_Braun" class="extiw" title="de:Hans-Werner Braun">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frode_Greisen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frode Greisen (page does not exist)">Frode Greisen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_Gruntorad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Gruntorad (page does not exist)">Jan Gruntorad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saul_Hahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saul Hahn (page does not exist)">Saul Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kim_Hubbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kim Hubbard (page does not exist)">Kim Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Ibarra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafael Ibarra (page does not exist)">Rafael Ibarra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xing_Li_(computer_scientist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xing Li (computer scientist) (page does not exist)">Xing Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yngvar_G._Lundh" title="Yngvar G. Lundh">Yngvar Lundh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Kaminsky" title="Dan Kaminsky">Dan Kaminsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DaeYoung_Kim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DaeYoung Kim (page does not exist)">DaeYoung Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Klingenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Klingenstein (page does not exist)">Kenneth Klingenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alejandro_Pisanty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alejandro Pisanty (page does not exist)">Alejandro Pisanty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakov_Rekhter" title="Yakov Rekhter">Yakov Rekhter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Smith_(network_engineer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Smith (network engineer) (page does not exist)">Philip Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5l_Spilling" title="Pål Spilling">Pål Spilling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liane_Tarouco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liane Tarouco (page does not exist)">Liane Tarouco</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liane_Margarida_Rockenbach_Tarouco" class="extiw" title="pt:Liane Margarida Rockenbach Tarouco">pt</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Travers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Travers (page does not exist)">Virginia Travers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Varghese" title="George Varghese">George Varghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lixia_Zhang" title="Lixia Zhang">Lixia Zhang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhay_Bhushan" title="Abhay Bhushan">Abhay Bhushan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laura_Breeden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laura Breeden (page does not exist)">Laura Breeden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Moura_Campos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Moura Campos (page does not exist)">Ivan Moura Campos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Cisler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Cisler (page does not exist)">Steve Cisler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Eckersley_(computer_scientist)" title="Peter Eckersley (computer scientist)">Peter Eckersley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hartmut_Richard_Glaser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hartmut Richard Glaser (page does not exist)">Hartmut Richard Glaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_S._Lam" title="Simon S. Lam">Simon S. 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