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Allman</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Kate Allman"> <meta name="keywords" content="Kate Allman"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Kate Allman"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 53</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Kate Allman</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Supporting a Moral Growth Mindset Among College Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Allman">Kate Allman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heather%20Maranges"> Heather Maranges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elise%20Dykhuis"> Elise Dykhuis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moral Growth Mindset (MGM) is the belief that one has the capacity to become a more moral person, as opposed to a fixed conception of one’s moral ability and capacity (Han et al., 2018). Building from Dweck’s work in incremental implicit theories of intelligence (2008), Moral Growth Mindset (Han et al., 2020) extends growth mindsets into the moral dimension. The concept of MGM has the potential to help researchers understand how both mindsets and interventions can impact character development, and it has even been shown to have connections to voluntary service engagement (Han et al., 2018). Understanding the contexts in which MGM might be cultivated could help to promote the further cultivation of character, in addition to prosocial behaviors like service engagement, which may, in turn, promote larger scale engagement in social justice-oriented thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. In particular, college may be a place to intentionally cultivate a growth mindset toward moral capacities, given the unique developmental and maturational components of the college experience, including contextual opportunity (Lapsley & Narvaez, 2006) and independence requiring the constant consideration, revision, and internalization of personal values (Lapsley & Woodbury, 2016). In a semester-long, quasi-experimental study, we examined the impact of a pedagogical approach designed to cultivate college student character development on participants’ MGM. With an intervention (n=69) and a control group (n=97; Pre-course: 27% Men; 66% Women; 68% White; 18% Asian; 2% Black; <1% Hispanic/Latino), we investigated whether college courses that intentionally incorporate character education pedagogy (Lamb, Brant, Brooks, 2021) affect a variety of psychosocial variables associated with moral thoughts, feelings, identity, and behavior (e.g. moral growth mindset, honesty, compassion, etc.). The intervention group consisted of 69 undergraduate students (Pre-course: 40% Men; 52% Women; 68% White; 10.5% Black; 7.4% Asian; 4.2% Hispanic/Latino) that voluntarily enrolled in five undergraduate courses that encouraged students to engage with key concepts and methods of character development through the application of research-based strategies and personal reflection on goals and experiences. Moral Growth Mindset was measured using the four-item Moral Growth Mindset scale (Han et al., 2020), with items such as You can improve your basic morals and character considerably on a six-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree). Higher scores of MGM indicate a stronger belief that one can become a more moral person with personal effort. Reliability at Time 1 was Cronbach’s ɑ= .833, and at Time 2 Cronbach’s ɑ= .772. An Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted to explore whether post-course MGM scores were different between the intervention and control when controlling for pre-course MGM scores. The ANCOVA indicated significant differences in MGM between groups post-course, F(1,163) = 8.073, p = .005, R² = .11, where descriptive statistics indicate that intervention scores were higher than the control group at post-course. Results indicate that intentional character development pedagogy can be leveraged to support the development of Moral Growth Mindset and related capacities in undergraduate settings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral%20personality" title="moral personality">moral personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=character%20education" title=" character education"> character education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incremental%20theories%20of%20personality" title=" incremental theories of personality"> incremental theories of personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20mindset" title=" growth mindset"> growth mindset</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144299/supporting-a-moral-growth-mindset-among-college-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Meditation-Based Interventions in the Workplace</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Louise%20Fitzgerald">Louise Fitzgerald</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Allman"> John Allman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Having previously engaged in a meditation-based programme (MBP) for staff in general practice, we explore the evidence and extent to which MBPs are employed in the workplace. Aim of the study: We aim to understand the current workplace MBP intervention literature, which will help inform the suitability of these interventions within the workplace domain. Objectives: Uptake of MBPs in the workplace has grown as organizations look to support employee health, wellbeing, and performance. We will discuss the current MBP literature, including the large variability across MBPs and the associated difficulties in evaluating their efficacy. Learning points: 1) MBPs have a positive impact on cognitive function including concentration and memory and as such job performance. MBPs appear to have a positive impact on objective and subjective job satisfaction, productivity, motivation and work engagement. Meditation in the workplace may have positive impacts on mental health issues - including stress reduction and depression. 2) From our review MBPs appear to be implementable in a wide range of professions and work contexts - regardless of individual factors. Given many companies are focusing on health and wellbeing of employees, this could be included in employee wellbeing programmes. 3) Despite the benefits of mindfulness and meditation interventions in psychosocial workplace health and work performance the long-term efficacy has yet to be fully determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meditation-based%20programmes" title="meditation-based programmes">meditation-based programmes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mindfulness" title=" mindfulness"> mindfulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meditation" title=" meditation"> meditation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=well-being" title=" well-being"> well-being</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154654/meditation-based-interventions-in-the-workplace" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> An Exploration of Lighting Quality on Sleep Quality of Children in Elementary Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Boubekri">Mohamed Boubekri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristen%20%20Bub"> Kristen Bub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaewook%20Lee"> Jaewook Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Kurry"> Kate Kurry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we explored the impact of light, particularly daylight on sleep time and quality of elementary school children. Sleep actigraphy was used to measure objectively sleep time and sleep efficiency. Our data show a good correlation between light levels and sleep. In some cases, differences of up to 36 minutes were found between students in low light levels and those in high light level classrooms. We recommend, therefore, that classroom design need to pay attention to the daily daylight exposures elementary school children are receiving. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title="light">light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daylight" title=" daylight"> daylight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actigraphy" title=" actigraphy"> actigraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep" title=" sleep"> sleep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title=" circadian rhythm"> circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20architecture" title=" sustainable architecture"> sustainable architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elementary%20school" title=" elementary school"> elementary school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116236/an-exploration-of-lighting-quality-on-sleep-quality-of-children-in-elementary-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Self Immolation and the Deactivation of State Necropower</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20L.%20Yusi">Kate L. Yusi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is an attempt to theoretically reframe the act of self-immolation beyond violence/non-violence discourse, to differentiate it from other paradigmatic examples of necropolitical activism like suicide bombing, in order to highlight its particular ontopolitical statement in relation to life and death and to re-energize its deactivating power. In this paper, the writer seeks to focus on self-immolation by Tibetan monks and other activists against Chinese imperialism, its continuing ethnic cleansing of the Tibetan people, forced assimilation, and territorial occupation. Here, the main driving force is this question: what does self-immolation mean to a people who are forced to live in deathspace? In other words, if one is reduced to nothingness that their deaths (as is their lives) become insignificant, in what ways does the reclamation of death/dying become a “way out” of this state-imposed enclave of death? To answer these questions, the writer engages with and put in conversation the works of Achille Mbembe, Elias Cannetti, and Giorgio Agamben. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=necropolitics" title="necropolitics">necropolitics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20immolation" title=" self immolation"> self immolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tibetan%20people" title=" tibetan people"> tibetan people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chinese%20imperialism" title=" chinese imperialism"> chinese imperialism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153517/self-immolation-and-the-deactivation-of-state-necropower" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Challenges of e-Service Adoption and Implementation in Nigeria: Lessons from Asia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazeem%20Oluwakemi%20Oseni">Kazeem Oluwakemi Oseni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Dingley"> Kate Dingley</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> E-Service has moved from the usual manual and traditional way of rendering services to electronic service provision for the public and there are several reasons for implementing these services, Airline ticketing have gone from its manual traditional way to an intelligent web-driven service of purchasing. Many companies have seen their profits doubled through the use of online services in their operation and a typical example is Hewlett Packard (HP) which is rapidly transforming their after sales business into a profit generating e-service business unit. This paper will examine the various challenges confronting e-Service adoption and implementation in Nigeria and also analyse lessons learnt from e-Service adoption and implementation in Asia to see how it could be useful in Nigeria which is a lower middle income country. Based on the analysis of the online survey data. It has been identified that the public in Nigeria are much aware of e-Services but successful adoption and implementation have been the problems faced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government%20service" title="e-government service">e-government service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implementation" title=" implementation"> implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asia" title=" Asia"> Asia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19346/challenges-of-e-service-adoption-and-implementation-in-nigeria-lessons-from-asia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Fatherhood and Caregiving: An Exploratory Study of Parenting Patterns in Pakistani Families</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Jonathan">Kate Jonathan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents the findings of a qualitative study into parenting practices in families of Pakistani origin in the North of England. It focuses on the involvement of fathers in childrearing within the Pakistani community. Data was generated from thirty parents’ in-depth interviews and ethnographic observation of parent-child relationships. The data was analyzed by an initial coding, identifying themes, a grouping of patterns, and arriving at a meaningful understanding. The study shows that the traditional role of fathers as breadwinners, providing discipline and protection, was still prominent in most of the Pakistani families who took part in the study. However, few men were becoming pragmatic and would engage in more childrearing chores, as their wives. The findings indicate that previous general portrayal of fatherhood as the primary, and sometimes, only, breadwinner is changing to encompass a lot more in Pakistani communities. Nowadays, some fathers are more involved in caregiving and are increasingly become co-contributors in the development of their children. However, the change is slower in some families than others and varied within this community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caregiving" title="caregiving">caregiving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=childrearing" title=" childrearing"> childrearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fathers" title=" fathers"> fathers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistani%20families" title=" Pakistani families"> Pakistani families</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84021/fatherhood-and-caregiving-an-exploratory-study-of-parenting-patterns-in-pakistani-families" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> The Perils of Flagging Pirates: How Gender, False Consensus and Normative Messages Influence Digital Piracy Intentions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Whitman">Kate Whitman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Murad"> Zahra Murad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joe%20Cox"> Joe Cox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Cox"> Adam Cox</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the influence of normative communications on digital piracy intentions. Although descriptive norms are thought to influence behavior, the study examines the potential bias in one's own behavior, leading to false consensus—a phenomenon perpetuating undesirable activities. The research tests the presence of false consensus and the effect of correcting normative predictions on changes in piracy intentions, examining gender differences. Results from a controlled experiment (N = 684) indicate that normative communications, reflecting the "real" norm based on government data (N=5000), increase (decrease) piracy intentions among men (women) underestimating their peers' behavior. Conversely, neither men nor women overestimating their peers' piracy show any notable change in intentions. Considering men consume more illegal content than women, suggesting they pose a higher risk, the study highlights the need for cautious use of normative communications. Therefore, policymakers should minimize the visibility of piracy behavior for effective digital piracy management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20piracy" title="digital piracy">digital piracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=false%20consensus" title=" false consensus"> false consensus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normative%20interventions" title=" normative interventions"> normative interventions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persuasive%20messages" title=" persuasive messages"> persuasive messages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182037/the-perils-of-flagging-pirates-how-gender-false-consensus-and-normative-messages-influence-digital-piracy-intentions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Social and Economic Impact of Home Sharing in Metro Manila: Hosts' Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma.%20Karen%20Jimeno">Ma. Karen Jimeno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erika%20Kate%20Co"> Erika Kate Co</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma.%20Claudia%20Alexis%20Frani"> Ma. Claudia Alexis Frani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shane%20Rosshel%20Guzman"> Shane Rosshel Guzman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20Jaye%20Constance%20Selga"> Marie Jaye Constance Selga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Home sharing continues to gain traction in the Philippines at the expense of traditional lodging options, to which the hospitality industry has reacted in stages. This study aims to describe the social and economic impact of home sharing in Metro Manila from the perspective of hosts. A cross-sectional survey questionnaire consisting of five-point Likert items was administered to 120 hosts in Metro Manila. Kruskal-Wallis test, together with Dunn’s pairwise comparison, was used in the analysis of data. Results show that there is a significant difference in the median scores between increased awareness of Filipino food/heritage and the pursuit of enjoyable life in terms of social impact. Economic-wise, the respondents, did not perceive that their businesses as an additional source of income for the local government. These findings can be used for further exploratory studies and formulation of sustainable business policies conducive for the entrepreneurs and the hospitality industry alike. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bed-and-breakfast" title="bed-and-breakfast">bed-and-breakfast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=home%20sharing" title=" home sharing"> home sharing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52633/social-and-economic-impact-of-home-sharing-in-metro-manila-hosts-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Psychological Reactance to Anti-Piracy Messages Explained by Gender and Attitudes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Whitman">Kate Whitman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Murad"> Zahra Murad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joe%20Cox"> Joe Cox</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Digital piracy is costly to creative economies across the world. Anti-piracy messages can cause people to pirate more rather than less, suggesting the presence of psychological reactance. Gender differences in message reactance and the moderating impact of attitudes have not been explored. In this paper, we examine whether messages based on real-world anti-piracy campaigns cause reactance and whether this effect is explained by gender and attitudes. An experiment compares two threatening and one prosocial message against a control group, with changes in piracy intention from past behavior for digital TV/film analysed. The results suggest that the prosocial message is ineffective for both genders. However, the threatening messages have significantly opposing effects on men and women. One threatening message influences women to reduce their piracy intentions by over 50% and men to increase it by 18%. Gender effects are moderated by pre-existing attitudes, with men and women who report the most favorable attitudes towards piracy having the most polarised changes in piracy intentions. The results suggest that men and women process threatening messages differently and that the creative industries should take care when targeting their messages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piracy" title="piracy">piracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactance" title=" reactance"> reactance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persuasive-messages" title=" persuasive-messages"> persuasive-messages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TV%2Ffilm" title=" TV/film"> TV/film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161473/psychological-reactance-to-anti-piracy-messages-explained-by-gender-and-attitudes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Energy Consumption in China’s Urban Water Supply System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Smith">Kate Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuming%20Liu"> Shuming Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Liu"> Yi Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dragan%20Savic"> Dragan Savic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gustaf%20Olsson"> Gustaf Olsson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tian%20Chang"> Tian Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xue%20Wu"> Xue Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a water supply system, a great deal of care goes into sourcing, treating and delivering water to consumers, but less thought is given to the energy consumed during these processes. This study uses 2011 data to quantify energy use for urban water supply in China and investigates population density as a possible influencing factor. The objective is to provide information that can be used to develop energy-conscious water infrastructure policy, calculate the energy co-benefits of water conservation and compare energy use between China and other countries. The average electrical energy intensity and per capita electrical energy consumption for urban water supply in China in 2011 were 0.29 kWh/m3 and 33.2 kWh/cap•yr, respectively. Comparison between provinces revealed a direct correlation between energy intensity of urban water supply and population served per unit length of pipe. This could imply energy intensity is lower when more densely populated areas are supplied by relatively dense networks of pipes. This study also found that whereas the percentage of energy used for urban water supply tends to increase with the percentage of population served this increase is slower where water supply is more energy efficient and where a larger percentage of population is already supplied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=china" title="china">china</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20energy%20use" title=" electrical energy use"> electrical energy use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water-energy%20nexus" title=" water-energy nexus"> water-energy nexus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20supply" title=" water supply"> water supply</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15622/energy-consumption-in-chinas-urban-water-supply-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in West African Semi-Arid Lands Facing Climate Change</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamadou%20Diop">Mamadou Diop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florence%20Crick"> Florence Crick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Momadou%20Sow"> Momadou Sow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Elizabeth%20Gannon"> Kate Elizabeth Gannon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding SME leaders’ responses to climate is essential to cope with ongoing changes in temperature and rainfall. This study analyzes the response of SME leaders to the adverse effects of climate change in semi-arid lands (SAL) in Senegal. Based on surveys administrated to 161 SME leaders, this research shows that 91% of economic units are affected by climatic conditions, although 70% do not have a plan to deal with climate risks. Economic actors have striven to take measures to adapt. However, their efforts are limited by various obstacles accentuated by a lack of support from public authorities. In doing so, substantial political, institutional and financial efforts at national and local levels are needed to promote an enabling environment for economic actors to adapt. This will focus on information and training about the threats and opportunities related to global warming, the creation of an adaptation support fund to support local initiatives and the improvement of the institutional, regulatory and political framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20and%20medium-sized%20enterprises" title="small and medium-sized enterprises">small and medium-sized enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation" title=" adaptation"> adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-arid%20lands" title=" semi-arid lands"> semi-arid lands</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86599/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises-in-west-african-semi-arid-lands-facing-climate-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Eradication of Gram-Positive Bacteria by Photosensitizers Immobilized in Polymers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marina%20Nisnevitch">Marina Nisnevitch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20Valkov"> Anton Valkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faina%20Nakonechny"> Faina Nakonechny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Adar%20Raik"> Kate Adar Raik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yamit%20Mualem"> Yamit Mualem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photosensitizers are dye compounds belonging to various chemical groups that in all the cases have a developed structure of conjugated double bonds. Under illumination with visible light, the photosensitizers are excited and transfer the absorbed energy to the oxygen dissolved in an aqueous phase, leading to production of a reactive oxygen species which cause irreversible damage to bacterial cells. When immobilized onto a solid phase, photosensitizers preserve their antibacterial properties. In the present study, photosensitizers were immobilized in polyethylene or propylene and tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive S. aureus, S. epidermidis and Streptococcus sp. For this purpose, water-soluble photosensitizers, Rose Bengal sodium salt, and methylene blue as well as water-insoluble hematoporphyrin and Rose Bengal lactone, were immobilized by dissolution in melted polymers to yield 3 mm diameter rods and 3-5 mm beads. All four photosensitizers were found to be effective in the eradication of Gram-positive bacteria under illumination by a white luminescent lamp or sunlight. The immobilized photosensitizers can be applied for continuous water disinfection; they can be easily removed at the end of the treatment and reused. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20polymers" title="antimicrobial polymers">antimicrobial polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gram-positive%20bacteria" title=" gram-positive bacteria"> gram-positive bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilization%20of%20photosensitizers" title=" immobilization of photosensitizers"> immobilization of photosensitizers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodynamic%20antibacterial%20activity" title=" photodynamic antibacterial activity"> photodynamic antibacterial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46641/eradication-of-gram-positive-bacteria-by-photosensitizers-immobilized-in-polymers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Artistic Themes in War Related Comics Contributing to the Portrayal of Sociopolitical Accounts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel-Kate%20Bowdler">Rachel-Kate Bowdler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wartime efforts, news, and heroic stories are important to the public in understanding the political climate, yet hard to digest. However, graphic novels are able to portray intense sociopolitical themes and reinvent the account for the public. Modern comics centered around war introduces the historical context to new audiences, thus keeping history relevant and remembered. This is a trend in graphic novels that is popular for expressing wartime and political stories. Graphic novels make historical accounts and stories easier to understand and more enjoyable to read through creative expression and stylistic choices like color, design, and personified depictions of characters. This results in the need to analyze intense wartime themes in terms of artistic style and elements contributing to the portrayal of the story. Whether directly or indirectly, comics became an outlet for discussing and portraying wars, especially following World War II. It may also be relevant that comics are influential in attitudes towards war efforts. in conducting in analysis on comic books relating to war time stories and a literature review, this paper will seek to analyze the role that comics play in the dissemination of information and feelings surrounding war efforts and attitudes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artistic%20style" title="artistic style">artistic style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comics" title=" comics"> comics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical" title=" historical"> historical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=war" title=" war"> war</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=art%20and%20culture" title=" art and culture"> art and culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=journalism%20and%20media" title=" journalism and media"> journalism and media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157298/artistic-themes-in-war-related-comics-contributing-to-the-portrayal-of-sociopolitical-accounts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Rapid-Access Multispecialty Nurse-Led Tongue Tie Service: A Retrospective Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20Yin%20Tan">Jia Yin Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Rambei"> Daniel Rambei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Mann"> Kate Mann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20price"> Samuel price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Aboelela"> Ahmed Aboelela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Breastfeeding is a complex process, influenced by various factors. Tongue-tie may lead to breastfeeding difficulties due to an inability to suck effectively, causing sore nipples and poor infant weight gain. In the UK, most frenotomies on infants are performed by doctors, nurses, health visitors or midwives. Objectives: Evaluation of safety and efficacy of a multispecialty nurse-led rapid access tongue-tie service at Sheffield Children’s Hospital, run jointly by the ENT and paediatric surgery departments. Methodology: A retrospective observational study, including all patients attending the ENT and paediatric surgery nurse-led tongue tie clinics between 1/10/2021 and 30/09/2022. Results: During the study period there were 1135 referrals for frenotomy, with a mean of 15 days between referral to clinic episode. 86.8% of referred patients underwent frenotomy, with a complication rate of 0.1% and revision rate of 5.4%. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that our rapid access nurse-led outpatient tongue tie service is safe and efficacious, with low complication and revision rates. This suggests a potential for developing a community-based service, allowing safe and effective care closer to home. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tongue%20tie" title="tongue tie">tongue tie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frenotomy" title=" frenotomy"> frenotomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title=" cost"> cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurse-led" title=" nurse-led"> nurse-led</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162927/rapid-access-multispecialty-nurse-led-tongue-tie-service-a-retrospective-evaluation-of-cost-effectiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Attachment and Memories: Activating Attachment in College Students through Narrative-Based Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20Wright">Catherine Wright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Luedke"> Kate Luedke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper questions whether or not individuals who had been exposed to narratives describing secure and insecure-avoidant attachment styles experienced temporary changes in their attachment style when compared to individuals who had been exposed to neutral narratives. The Attachment Style Questionnaire (or ASQ) developed by Feeney, Noller, and Hanrahan in 1994 was utilized to assess attachment style. Participants filled out a truncated version of the ASQ prior to reading the respective narratives assigned to their groups, and filled out the entirety of the ASQ after reading the narratives. Utilizing a one-way independent groups ANOVA, researchers found that the group which read the insecure-avoidant narrative experienced a statistically significant decrease in secure attachment, as did the group which read the secure narrative. The control group, however, experienced a statistically significant increase in secure attachment. Based on these findings, researchers concluded that narratives may have the ability to call attention to parental shortcomings that individuals have experienced in the forms of reminding individuals of positive experiences that they were not able to experience while spending time with their parental figures and calling attention to the shortcomings of said parental figures by reminding them of the negative experiences which they did have with them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attachment" title="attachment">attachment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insecure-avoidant" title=" insecure-avoidant"> insecure-avoidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secure" title=" secure"> secure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155096/attachment-and-memories-activating-attachment-in-college-students-through-narrative-based-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Female Entrepreneurship in Egypt: Barriers and Challenges in the Aftermath of the Arab Spring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Ebere%20Maduforo">Kate Ebere Maduforo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Examining the constraints faced by female entrepreneurs is an important subject which most literature on female entrepreneurship is centered on. However, the majority of the existing literature has focused on studying female entrepreneurs in developed societies. Recently, a sense of urgency that has emerged in trying to understand the challenges and motivations of female entrepreneurs in developing countries. The arousal of such interest has been attributed to women entrepreneurs in developing countries being identified as catalysts of economic development at a national level and champions of poverty eradication at the domestic level. This paper, therefore, examines the peculiar constraints faced by women-owned businesses in the mist of political chaos and instability. In this case, the issues experienced by female entrepreneurs in Egypt during the aftermath of the Arab Spring is the focus. Using the logit and probit regression models, data from the World Bank Middle East North Africa Enterprise Survey (MENA ES) are analyzed. The results identified that female entrepreneurs still lack business funding through financial institutions, but get significant funding assistance from family, friends, and money lenders. In addition, women-owned businesses promote and hire mostly women. Female entrepreneurs showed a preference for an impartial judicial system as a contributor to business growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=female%20entrepreneurship" title="female entrepreneurship">female entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Middle%20East" title=" Middle East"> Middle East</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121699/female-entrepreneurship-in-egypt-barriers-and-challenges-in-the-aftermath-of-the-arab-spring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Practitioner Reflections: The Live Case Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Barnett-Richards">Kate Barnett-Richards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20Sams"> Marie Sams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As the need for integration between students and industry grows, classroom practitioners must find ways of engaging students whilst also involving industry professionals to help shape the changing nature of university level education. As part of a project funded by the Disruptive Media Learning Lab at Coventry University, traditional case study based seminars on two modules were replaced by interactive live cases. Utilising Google+ as a social media platform allowed students and industry professional to come together and share ideas on a range of current issues. As technology becomes an ever increasingly important part of the higher education landscape, classroom practitioners need to adapt and find ways of utilising technological tools which can enhance the overall classroom experience. Given that many of these innovations come from the individuals involved in delivering classroom based sessions it is vital to share ideas, experiences and best practices so as to allow and encourage others to use the numerous free tools and platforms available. This poster presents the reflections, challenges, and problems faced by education practitioners when engaging students with industry partners in live case study discussions via Google+ within a classroom setting. It is expected that this poster will be of interest to a number of academics and teaching fellows who may be considering utilising social media tools to connect their students with industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Google%2B" title=" Google+"> Google+</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practitioner" title=" practitioner"> practitioner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflections." title=" reflections. "> reflections. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42274/practitioner-reflections-the-live-case-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Clinical and Sleep Features in an Australian Population Diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadie%20Khorramnia">Sadie Khorramnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asha%20%20Bonney"> Asha Bonney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20%20Galloway"> Kate Galloway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20%20Kyoong"> Andrew Kyoong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sleep plays a pivotal role in the registration and consolidation of memory. Multiple observational studies have demonstrated that self-reported sleep duration and sleep quality are associated with cognitive performance. Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire is a screening tool to assess mild cognitive (MCI) impairment with a 90% diagnostic sensitivity. In our current study, we used MOCA to identify MCI in patients who underwent sleep study in our sleep department. We then looked at the clinical risk factors and sleep-related parameters in subjects found to have mild cognitive impairment but without a diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing. Clinical risk factors, including physician, diagnosed hypertension, diabetes, and depression and sleep-related parameters, measured during sleep study, including percentage time of each sleep stage, total sleep time, awakenings, sleep efficiency, apnoea hypopnoea index, and oxygen saturation, were evaluated. A total of 90 subjects who underwent sleep study between March 2019 and October 2019 were included. Currently, there is no pharmacotherapy available for MCI; therefore, identifying the risk factors and attempting to reverse or mitigate their effect is pivotal in slowing down the rate of cognitive deterioration. Further characterization of sleep parameters in this group of patients could open up opportunities for potentially beneficial interventions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apnoea%20hypopnea%20index" title="apnoea hypopnea index">apnoea hypopnea index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mild%20cognitive%20impairment" title=" mild cognitive impairment"> mild cognitive impairment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20architecture" title=" sleep architecture"> sleep architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20study" title=" sleep study "> sleep study </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134882/clinical-and-sleep-features-in-an-australian-population-diagnosed-with-mild-cognitive-impairment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> An Assessment of the Writing Skills of Reflective Essay of Grade 10 Students in Selected Secondary Schools in Valenzuela City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reynald%20Contreras">Reynald Contreras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaina%20Marie%20Bho"> Shaina Marie Bho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Roan%20Dela%20Cruz"> Kate Roan Dela Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marvin%20Dela%20Cruz"> Marvin Dela Cruz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted with the aim of determining the skill level of grade ten (Grade 10) students in writing a reflective essay in selected secondary schools of Valenzuela. This research used descriptive and qualitative-quantitative research methods to systematically and accurately describe the level of writing skills of students and used a convenient sampling technique in selecting forty (40) students in grade ten. (Grade 10) at Polo, Wawang Pulo, and Arkong Batong high schools with a total of one hundred and twenty (120) students to assess the written reflective essay using modified rubrics developed based on 6+1 writing traits by Ruth Culham. According to the findings of the study, students at Polo and Wawang Pulo National high schools have low levels of writing skills that need to be developed or are not proficient. Meanwhile, Arkong Bato National High School has achieved a high degree of writing proficiency. Based on the study's findings, the researchers devised a suggested curriculum mapping for the suggested activity or intervention activity that would aid in the development and cultivation of the writing skills of children in grade ten (Grade 10). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=writing%20skills" title="writing skills">writing skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflective%20essay" title=" reflective essay"> reflective essay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intervention%20activity" title=" intervention activity"> intervention activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=6%2B1%20writing%20traits" title=" 6+1 writing traits"> 6+1 writing traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20rubrics" title=" modified rubrics"> modified rubrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149971/an-assessment-of-the-writing-skills-of-reflective-essay-of-grade-10-students-in-selected-secondary-schools-in-valenzuela-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> The 5S Responses of Obese Teenagers in Verbal Bullying</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alpha%20Bolinao">Alpha Bolinao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francine%20Rose%20De%20Castro"> Francine Rose De Castro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessie%20Kate%20Lumba"> Jessie Kate Lumba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raztine%20Mae%20Paeste"> Raztine Mae Paeste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannah%20Grace%20Tosio"> Hannah Grace Tosio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study aimed to know the role of verbal bullying in the lives of obese teenagers exposed to it. The study employed a qualitative design specifically the phenomenological approach that focuses on the obese teenagers’ verbal bullying experiences. The study also used the social constructivism approach wherein it described the obese teenagers’ verbal bullying experiences as they interact with the social world. Through purposive and referral sampling technique, the researchers were able to choose twelve (12) respondents from different schools around the City of Manila, enrolled in the School Year 2015-2016, ages 16-21 years old, has experienced verbal bullying for the last ten (10) years and with the Body Mass Index (BMI) of equal to or greater than 30. Upon the consent of the respondents, ethical considerations were ensured. In-depth one (1) hour interviews were guided by the researchers’ aide memoir. The recorded interviews were transcribed into a field text and the responses were thoroughly analyzed through Thematic Analysis and Kelly’s Repertory Grid. It was found that the role of verbal bullying in the lives of obese teenagers exposed to it is a process and is best described through a syringe, or the 5S Responses of Obese Teenagers in Bullying, with five conceptual themes which also signify the experiences and the process that obese teenagers have gone through after experiencing verbal bullying. The themes conceptualized were: Suffering, self-doubt, suppression, self-acceptance and sanguineness. This paper may serve as a basis for a counseling program to help the obese teenagers cope with their bullying experiences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title="obesity">obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obese%20teenagers" title=" obese teenagers"> obese teenagers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullying" title=" bullying"> bullying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiences" title=" experiences"> experiences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46953/the-5s-responses-of-obese-teenagers-in-verbal-bullying" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL): A Comprehensive Bibliometric Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Benedicta%20Amenador">Kate Benedicta Amenador</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dianjian%20Wang"> Dianjian Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bright%20Nkrumah"> Bright Nkrumah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This extensive bibliometric study explores the dynamic influence of artificial intelligence in the field of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) between 2012 and 2024. The study, which examined 4,500 articles from Google Scholar, Modern Language Association Linguistics Abstracts, Web of Science, Scopus, Researchgate, and library genesis databases, indicates that AI integration in EFL is on the rise. This notable increase is ascribed to a variety of transformative events, including increased academic funding for higher education and the COVID-19 epidemic. The results of the study identify leading contributors, prominent authors, publishers and sources, with the United States, China and the United Kingdom emerging as key contributors. The co-occurrence analysis of key terms reveals five clusters highlighting patterns in AI-enhanced language instruction and learning, including evaluation strategies, educational technology, learning motivation, EFL teaching aspects, and learner feedback. The study also discusses the impact of various AIs in enhancing EFL writing skills with software such as Grammarly, Quilbot, and Chatgpt. The current study recognizes limitations in database selection and linguistic constraints. Nevertheless, the results provide useful insights for educators, researchers and policymakers, inspiring and guiding a cross-disciplinary collaboration and creative pedagogical techniques and approaches to teaching and learning in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bibliometrics%20study" title=" bibliometrics study"> bibliometrics study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VOSviewer%20visualization" title=" VOSviewer visualization"> VOSviewer visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20as%20a%20foreign%20language" title=" English as a foreign language"> English as a foreign language</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190537/exploring-the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-ai-in-the-context-of-english-as-a-foreign-language-efl-a-comprehensive-bibliometric-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> A Caged Bird Set Free: The Women Saviors in Fae Myenne Ng's Steer Toward Rock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hei%20Yuen%20Pak">Hei Yuen Pak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Steer Toward Rock, Fae Myenne Ng’s second novel after the National Bestseller Bone, is superficially concluded as a story of pessimism, which underestimates the sophistication of Ng’s portrayal. It is often summarized as a “heartbreaking novel of unrequited love” or “a story of timeless and tragic”; yet, Ng’s novel conveys more than a mere sense of tragedy and heartbreak, but rather an overflowing warmth and optimism. Ng is complimented of “illuminating a part of U.S. history few are aware of”—the false identity established on the paper relationships. Nevertheless, toward the end of the novel, this falsity enlightens the male protagonist, Jack Moon Szeto, of the ultimate realization of the “truthfulness” to himself, with the escort of the female characters. This paper intends to investigate how Ng’s depiction subverts the traditional sex/gender system and also the patriarchal savior stereotype. This paper mainly examines the characterization of and the relations among the four major characters: Jack Moon Szeto, Joice Qwan, Veda Qwan, and Ilin Cheung. By deploying Kate Millett’s, Marilyn French’s, Mary Daly’s feminist theories, the first half of the essay elucidates the power relations between Jack and the three females Joice, Veda, and Ilin in terms of gender and sexuality. After analyzing the relations, Jack, this male caged bird, is set free by the epiphany derived from the three female characters, which is the pivot of the second half. In reference to Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir’s existentialist perspectives, I argue how Jack is transformed from, in Satre’s term, being-for-others to being-for-itself. Hence, the caged bird is free by the women saviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fae%20Myenne%20Ng" title="Fae Myenne Ng">Fae Myenne Ng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20and%20sexuality" title=" gender and sexuality"> gender and sexuality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feminism" title=" feminism"> feminism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20relations" title=" power relations"> power relations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14840/a-caged-bird-set-free-the-women-saviors-in-fae-myenne-ngs-steer-toward-rock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">572</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Pride and Prejudice in Higher Education: Countering Elitist Perspectives in the Curriculum at Imperial College London</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20R.%20Skopec">Mark R. Skopec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamdi%20M.%20Issa"> Hamdi M. Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henock%20B.%20Taddese"> Henock B. Taddese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Ippolito"> Kate Ippolito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20J.%20Harris"> Matthew J. Harris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In peer review, there is a skew toward research from high-income countries, otherwise known as geographic bias. Research from well-known and prestigious institutions is often favored in the peer review process and is more frequently cited in biomedical research. English clinicians have been found to rate research from low-income countries worse compared to the same research presented as if from high-income countries. This entrenched bias, which is rooted in the perceived superiority of academic institutions in high-income countries is damaging in many regards. Crucially, it reinforces colonial roots by strengthening the dominance of knowledge bases in high-income contexts and perpetuates the perceived inferiority of research from low-income settings. We report on the interventions that Imperial College London is conducting to “decolonize” the higher education curriculum – a root and branch review of reading material in the Masters of Public Health course; identification of unconscious bias against low-income country research in faculty and staff; in-depth interviews with faculty members on their experiences and practices with respect to inclusion of low-income country research in their own teaching and learning practice; and exploring issues surrounding entrenched biases and structural impediments for enabling desirable changes. We intend to use these findings to develop frameworks and approaches, including workshops and online resources, to effect sustainable changes to diversify the curriculum at Imperial College London. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20design" title="curriculum design">curriculum design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity" title=" diversity"> diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20bias" title=" geographic bias"> geographic bias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implicit%20associations" title=" implicit associations"> implicit associations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusivity" title=" inclusivity"> inclusivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100947/pride-and-prejudice-in-higher-education-countering-elitist-perspectives-in-the-curriculum-at-imperial-college-london" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> [Keynote Talk]: Unlocking Transformational Resilience in the Aftermath of a Flood Disaster: A Case Study from Cumbria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Crinion">Kate Crinion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20%20Haran"> Martin Haran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stanley%20McGreal"> Stanley McGreal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20McIlhatton"> David McIlhatton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Past research has demonstrated that disasters are continuing to escalate in frequency and magnitude worldwide, representing a key concern for the global community. Understanding and responding to the increasing risk posed by disaster events has become a key concern for disaster managers. An emerging trend within literature, acknowledges the need to move beyond a state of coping and reinstatement of the status quo, towards incremental adaptive change and transformational actions for long-term sustainable development. As such, a growing interest in research concerns the understanding of the change required to address ever increasing and unpredictable disaster events. Capturing transformational capacity and resilience, however is not without its difficulties and explains the dearth in attempts to capture this capacity. Adopting a case study approach, this research seeks to enhance an awareness of transformational resilience by identifying key components and indicators that determine the resilience of flood-affected communities within Cumbria. Grounding and testing a theoretical resilience framework within the case studies, permits the identification of how perceptions of risk influence community resilience actions. Further, it assesses how levels of social capital and connectedness impacts upon the extent of interplay between resources and capacities that drive transformational resilience. Thus, this research seeks to expand the existing body of knowledge by enhancing the awareness of resilience in post-disaster affected communities, by investigating indicators of community capacity building and resilience actions that facilitate transformational resilience during the recovery and reconstruction phase of a flood disaster. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20building" title="capacity building">capacity building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community" title=" community"> community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flooding" title=" flooding"> flooding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformational%20resilience" title=" transformational resilience "> transformational resilience </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68498/keynote-talk-unlocking-transformational-resilience-in-the-aftermath-of-a-flood-disaster-a-case-study-from-cumbria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> The Influence of Group Heuristics on Corporate Social Responsibility Messages Designed to Reduce Illegal Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Whitman">Kate Whitman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Murad"> Zahra Murad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joe%20Cox"> Joe Cox</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Corporate social responsibility projects are suggested to motivate consumers to reciprocate good corporate deeds with their custom. When the projects benefit the ingroup vs the outgroup, such as locals rather than foreigners, the effect on reciprocity is suggested to be more powerful. This may be explained by group heuristics, a theory which indicates that favours to the ingroup (but not outgroup) are expected to be reciprocated, resulting in ingroup favouritism. The heuristic is theorised to explain prosocial behaviours towards the ingroup. The aim of this study is to test whether group heuristics similarly explain a reduction in antisocial behaviours towards the ingroup, measured by illegal consumption which harms a group that consumers identify with. In order to test corporate social responsibility messages, a population of interested consumers is required, so sport fans are recruited. A pre-registered experiment (N = 600) tests the influence of a focused “team” benefiting message vs a broader “sport” benefiting message on change in illegal intentions. The influence of group (team) identity and trait reciprocity on message efficacy are tested as measures of group heuristics. Results suggest that the “team” treatment significantly reduces illegal consumption intentions. The “sport” treatment interacted with the team identification measure, increasing illegal consumption intentions for low team identification individuals. The results suggest that corporate social responsibility may be effective in reducing illegal consumption, if the messages are delivered directly from brands to consumers with brand identification. Messages delivered on the behalf of an industry may have an undesirable effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=live%20sports" title="live sports">live sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piracy" title=" piracy"> piracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterfeiting" title=" counterfeiting"> counterfeiting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20social%20responsibility" title=" corporate social responsibility"> corporate social responsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20heuristics" title=" group heuristics"> group heuristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ingroup%20bias" title=" ingroup bias"> ingroup bias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20identification" title=" team identification"> team identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176230/the-influence-of-group-heuristics-on-corporate-social-responsibility-messages-designed-to-reduce-illegal-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Surface Morphology and Wetting Behavior of the Aspidiotus spp. Scale Covers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meril%20Kate%20Mariano">Meril Kate Mariano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Billy%20Joel%20Almarinez%20Divina%20Amalin"> Billy Joel Almarinez Divina Amalin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20Isagani%20Janairo"> Jose Isagani Janairo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The scale insects Aspidiotus destructor and Aspidiotus rigidus exhibit notable scale covers made of wax which provides protection against water loss and is capable to resist wetting, thus making them a desirable model for biomimetic designs. Their waxy covers enable them to infest mainly leaves of coconut trees despite the harsh wind and rain. This study aims to describe and compare the micro morphological characters on the surfaces of their scale covers consequently, how these micro structures affect their wetting properties. Scanning electron microscope was used for the surface characterization while an optical contact angle meter was employed in the wetting measurement. The scale cover of A. destructor is composed of multiple overlapping layers of wax that is arranged regularly while that of A. rigidus is composed of a uniform layer of wax with much more prominent wax ribbons irregularly arranged compared to the former. The protrusions found on the two organisms are formed by the wax ribbons that differ in arrangement with their height being A. destructor (3.57+1.29) < A. rigidus (4.23+1.22) and their density A. destructor (15+2.94) < A. rigidus (18.33+2.64). These morphological measurements could affect the contact angle (CA θ) measurement of A. destructor (102.66+9.78°) < A. rigidus (102.77 + 11.01°) wherein the assessment that the interaction of the liquid to the microstructures of the substrate is a large factor in the wetting properties of the insect scales is realized. The calculated surface free energy of A. destructor (38.47 mJ/m²) > A. rigidus (31.02 mJ/m²) shows inverse proportionality with the CA measurement. The dispersive interaction between the surface and liquid is more prevalent compared to the polar interaction for both Aspidiotus species, which was observed using the Fowkes method. The results of this study have possible applications to be a potential biomimetic design for various industries such as textiles and coatings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aspidiotus%20spp." title="Aspidiotus spp.">Aspidiotus spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomimetics" title=" biomimetics"> biomimetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20angle" title=" contact angle"> contact angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20characterization" title=" surface characterization"> surface characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetting%20behavior" title=" wetting behavior"> wetting behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108362/surface-morphology-and-wetting-behavior-of-the-aspidiotus-spp-scale-covers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Technology and Urban Livelihoods: Understanding the Influence of Ride-Hailing Application in Developing Economies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oghenetega%20Ogodo">Oghenetega Ogodo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, as the nature of work and employment relations continue to evolve, the gig economy has experienced rapid growth in various parts of the world. A notable example is ride-hailing services, which offer new sources of livelihood and work for drivers and transform urban mobility. While Kate Meagher contributes to the global discourse on the need to review the social contracts of digital works in Lagos State, it is essential to investigate the influence on urban livelihoods as more organizations, governments, and policymakers integrate this as a tool for economic development. Using the snowball sampling method, this exploratory study provides data on the factors that influence the transition of workers to digital platforms (like Uber and Taxify (Bolt)), satisfaction with working conditions, and the perception as a long-term source of livelihood or a means to an end from fifty respondents in Lagos State. Although the results show the beneficial factors of operating on the platforms, the ripple effects on the livelihoods of digital and traditional transport workers are also evident in the study. A mall intercept survey also shows the level of patronage amongst users/commuters across five (5) shopping malls in Lagos State. The results indicate the role of technology in influencing the choice of commuters to use either the public transportation system or digital platforms. It is essential to promote development policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, and innovation, encourage the formalization and growth of all enterprises, ensure access to financial services, and achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=informal%20economies" title="informal economies">informal economies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20technology" title=" digital technology"> digital technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation%20policy" title=" transportation policy"> transportation policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194788/technology-and-urban-livelihoods-understanding-the-influence-of-ride-hailing-application-in-developing-economies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> A Historical Analysis of The Concept of Equivalence from Different Theoretical Perspectives in Translation Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amenador%20Kate%20Benedicta">Amenador Kate Benedicta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Zhiwei"> Wang Zhiwei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the later parts of the 20th century, the notion of equivalence continues to be a central and critical concept in the development of translation theory. After decades of arguments over word-for-word and free translations methods, scholars attempting to develop more systematic and efficient translation theories began to focus on fundamental translation concepts such as equivalence. Although the concept of equivalence has piqued the interest of many scholars, its definition, scope, and applicability have sparked contentious arguments within the discipline. As a result, several distinct theories and explanations on the concept of equivalence have been put forward over the last half-century. Thus, this study explores and discusses the evolution of the critical concept of equivalence in translation studies through a bibliometric method of investigation of manual and digital books and articles by analyzing different scholars' key contributions and limitations on equivalence from various theoretical perspectives. While analyzing them, emphasis is placed on the innovations that each theory has brought to the comprehension of equivalence. In order to achieve the aim of the study, the article began by discussing the contributions of linguistically motivated theories to the notion of equivalence in translation, followed by functionalist-oriented contributions, before moving on to more recent advancements in translation studies on the concept. Because equivalence is such a broad notion, it is impossible to discuss each researcher in depth. As a result, the most well-known names and their equivalent theories are compared and contrasted in this research. The study emphasizes the developmental progression in our comprehension of the equivalence concept and equivalent effect. It concluded that the various theoretical perspective's contributions to the notion of equivalence rather complement and make up for the limitations of each other. The study also highlighted how troublesome the equivalent concept might become in terms of identifying the nature of translation and how central and unavoidable the concept is in every translation action, despite its limitations. The significance of the study lies in its synthesis of the different contributions and limitations of the various theories offered by scholars on the notion of equivalence, lending literature to both student and scholars in the field, and providing insight on future theoretical development <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalence" title="equivalence">equivalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionalist%20translation%20theories" title=" functionalist translation theories"> functionalist translation theories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20translation%20approaches" title=" linguistic translation approaches"> linguistic translation approaches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20theories" title=" translation theories"> translation theories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Skopos" title=" Skopos"> Skopos</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147371/a-historical-analysis-of-the-concept-of-equivalence-from-different-theoretical-perspectives-in-translation-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Improved Clothing Durability as a Lifespan Extension Strategy: A Framework for Measuring Clothing Durability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20E%20Morris">Kate E Morris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Sumner"> Mark Sumner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Taylor"> Mark Taylor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20Joynes"> Amanda Joynes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yue%20Guo"> Yue Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Garment durability, which encompasses physical and emotional factors, has been identified as a critical ingredient in producing clothing with increased lifespans, battling overconsumption, and subsequently tackling the catastrophic effects of climate change. Eco-design for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes have been suggested and will be implemented across Europe and the UK which might require brands to declare a garment’s durability credentials to be able to sell in that market. There is currently no consistent method of measuring the overall durability of a garment. Measuring the physical durability of garments is difficult and current assessment methods lack objectivity and reliability or don’t reflect the complex nature of durability for different garment categories. This study presents a novel and reproducible methodology for testing and ranking the absolute durability of 5 commercially available garment types, Formal Trousers, Casual Trousers, Denim Jeans, Casual Leggings and Underwear. A total of 112 garments from 21 UK brands were assessed. Due to variations in end use, different factors were considered across the different garment categories when evaluating durability. A physical testing protocol was created, tailored to each category, to dictate the necessary test results needed to measure the absolute durability of the garments. Multiple durability factors were used to modulate the ranking as opposed to previous studies which only reported on single factors to evaluate durability. The garments in this study were donated by the signatories of the Waste Resource Action Programme’s (WRAP) Textile 2030 initiative as part of their strategy to reduce the environmental impact of UK fashion. This methodology presents a consistent system for brands and policymakers to follow to measure and rank various garment type’s physical durability. Furthermore, with such a methodology, the durability of garments can be measured and new standards for improving durability can be created to enhance utilisation and improve the sustainability of the clothing on the market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circularity" title="circularity">circularity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garment%20testing" title=" garment testing"> garment testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ranking" title=" ranking"> ranking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187429/improved-clothing-durability-as-a-lifespan-extension-strategy-a-framework-for-measuring-clothing-durability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> An Exploration of Gender Differences in Academic Writing in Science</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayani%20Ranawake">Gayani Ranawake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Wilson"> Kate Wilson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Underrepresentation of women in academia, particularly in science, has been discussed by many scholars for decades. The causes of this underrepresentation are debated to this day. Publication is an important aspect of success in academia, and publication and citation rates are significant metrics in performance review, promotion, and employment. It has been established that men’s and women’s language use in general, both spoken and written, is different. However, no one, to our knowledge, has looked at whether men’s and women’s writing in science is different. If there are significant differences in the writing of men and women, then these differences may affect women’s ability to succeed in science. This study is part of a larger project to explore whether differences can be recognized in the academic science writing of men and women. Mono authored articles from high ranking physics, biology and psychology journals by men and women authors were compared in terms of readability statistics. In particular, the abstract and introduction sections were compared, as these are the first sections encountered by a reviewer, and so may have an important effect on their impression of the work. The Flesch Reading Ease, the percentage of passive sentences and the Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade Level were calculated for each section of each article, along with counts of numbers of sentences, words per sentence and sentences per paragraph. Significance of differences was tested using the Behrens statistic. It was found that for both physics and biology papers there were no significant differences in the complexity or verbosity of the writing of men and women authors. However, there was a significant difference between the two disciplines, with physics articles being generally more readable (higher readability score) while also more passive (higher number of passive sentences). In contrast, the psychology articles showed a difference between men and women authors which may be significant. The average readability for introductions in women’s articles was 28 which was higher than for men’s articles, which was 19 (higher values indicate more readable). Women’s articles in psychology also had a greater proportion of passive sentences. It can be concluded that, at least in the more traditional sciences, men and women have adopted similar ways of writing, and that disciplinary differences are greater than gender differences. This may not be the case in psychology, which many consider to be more closely aligned with the humanities. Whether the lack of differences is because women have adapted to a masculine way of writing, or whether the genre itself is gender neutral needs further investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20writing" title="academic writing">academic writing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20differences" title=" gender differences"> gender differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=readability" title=" readability"> readability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science" title=" science"> science</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82652/an-exploration-of-gender-differences-in-academic-writing-in-science" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info 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