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Search results for: Iqra Raza

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class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Iqra Raza"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 104</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Iqra Raza</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">104</span> (Re)Framing the Muslim Subject: Studying the Artistic Representation of Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib Detainees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Raza">Iqra Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempts to conceptualize the (de)humanization of the Muslim subject in Karen J. Greenberg and Janet Hamlin’s transmedia Sketching Guantanamo through a close study of the aesthetics and semiotics of the text. The Muslim experience, the paper shall argue, is mediated through a (de)humanization confined and incarcerated within the chains of artistic representation. Hamlin’s reliance on the distortions offered by stereotypes is reminiscent of the late Victorian epistemology on criminality, as evidenced most starkly in the sketch of Khalid Sheikh Mohammad. The position of the white artist thus becomes suspect in the enterprise of neo-Victorian ethnography. The visual stories of movement from within Guantanamo become potent; the paper shall argue, especially in juxtaposition with the images of stillness that came out from the detention centers, which portrayed the enactment of violence on individual bodies with a deliberate erasure of faces. So, while art becomes a way for reclaiming subjectivity or humanizing these identifiable bodies, the medium predicates itself on their objectification. The paper shall explore various questions about what it means for the (criminal?) subjects to be rendered into art rather than being photographed. Does art entail a necessary departure from the assumed objectivity of the photographic images? What makes art the preferred medium for (de)humanization of the violated Muslim bodies? What happens when art is produced without a recognition of the ‘precariousness’ of the life being portrayed? Rendering the detainees into art becomes a slippery task complicated by Hamlin’s privileged position outside the glass walls of the court. The paper shall adjourn analysis at the many dichotomies that exist in the text viz. between the White men and the brown, the Muslims and the Christians, Occident and the Orient problematized by Hamlin’s politics, that of a ‘neutral outsider’ which quickly turns on its head and becomes complicity in her deliberate erasure of the violence that shaped and still shapes Guantanamo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Ghraib" title="Abu Ghraib">Abu Ghraib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derrida" title=" Derrida"> Derrida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guantanamo" title=" Guantanamo"> Guantanamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic%20journalism" title=" graphic journalism"> graphic journalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muslimness" title=" Muslimness"> Muslimness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orient" title=" orient"> orient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrality" title=" spectrality"> spectrality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135342/reframing-the-muslim-subject-studying-the-artistic-representation-of-guantanamo-and-abu-ghraib-detainees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">103</span> The Impact of Recurring Events in Fake News Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Raza">Ali Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shafiq%20Ur%20Rehman%20Khan"> Shafiq Ur Rehman Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raja%20Sher%20Afgun%20Usmani"> Raja Sher Afgun Usmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Raza"> Asif Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basit%20Umair"> Basit Umair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Detection of Fake news and missing information is gaining popularity, especially after the advancement in social media and online news platforms. Social media platforms are the main and speediest source of fake news propagation, whereas online news websites contribute to fake news dissipation. In this study, we propose a framework to detect fake news using the temporal features of text and consider user feedback to identify whether the news is fake or not. In recent studies, the temporal features in text documents gain valuable consideration from Natural Language Processing and user feedback and only try to classify the textual data as fake or true. This research article indicates the impact of recurring and non-recurring events on fake and true news. We use two models BERT and Bi-LSTM to investigate, and it is concluded from BERT we get better results and 70% of true news are recurring and rest of 30% are non-recurring. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20language%20processing" title="natural language processing">natural language processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fake%20news%20detection" title=" fake news detection"> fake news detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bi-LSTM" title=" Bi-LSTM"> Bi-LSTM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190551/the-impact-of-recurring-events-in-fake-news-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190551.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> Assessment of the Adoption and Distribution Pattern of Agroforestry in Faisalabad District Using GIS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irfan%20Ahmad">Irfan Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20Ghafoor"> Raza Ghafoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hammad%20Raza%20Ahmad"> Hammad Raza Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asif"> Muhammad Asif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farrakh%20Nawaz"> Farrakh Nawaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Tahir%20Siddiqui"> M. Tahir Siddiqui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the exploding population of Pakistan the pressure on natural forests is increasing to meet the demands of wood and wood based products. Agroforestry is being practiced throughout the world on scientific basis but unfortunately the farmers of Pakistan are reluctant in its adoption. The presents study was designed to assess the adoption of agroforestry practices in Faisalabad with respect to land holdings of farmers and future suitability by using Geographic information system (GIS). Faisalabad is the third largest city of the country and is famous due to the textile industry. A comprehensive survey from target villages of the Lyallpur town of Faisalabad district was carried out. Out of total 65 villages, 40 were selected for study. From each selected village, one farmer who was actively engaged in farming activities was selected. It was observed that medium sized farmers having 10-20 acre were more in number as compared to small and large farmers. Number of trees was found maximum in large farm lands, ratio of diseased trees was almost similar in all categories with maximum in small farmlands (24.1%). Regarding the future prospects 35% farmer were interested in agroforestry practices 65% were not interested in the promotion of trees due to the non-availability of technical guidance and proper markets. Geographic images of the study site can further help the researchers and policy makers in the promotion of agroforestry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agroforestry%20trends" title="agroforestry trends">agroforestry trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faisalabad" title=" Faisalabad"> Faisalabad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system%20%28GIS%29" title=" geographic information system (GIS)"> geographic information system (GIS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37737/assessment-of-the-adoption-and-distribution-pattern-of-agroforestry-in-faisalabad-district-using-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> Design of a Commercial Off-the-Shelf Patch Antenna with Wide Half Power Beam Width for Global Navigation Satellite Systems Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mannahel%20Iftikhar">Mannahel Iftikhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Saeed"> Sara Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Faryad"> Iqra Faryad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Subhan"> Muhammad Subhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the design of a low-cost dual-band stacked rhombus-shaped slot patch antenna. The antenna is designed on L-band with a GPS (L2) bandwidth of 0.08 GHz centered at 1.207 GHz and a GPS (L1) bandwidth of 0.23 GHz centered at 1.575 GHz. The antenna’s dimensions are 8.02×8.02 cm². The antenna has a 3 dB beamwidth of 100° at 1.204 GHz and 117° at 1.575 GHz. The gain of this antenna is 6.5 dBi at 1.575 GHz and 6.43 dBi at 1.207 GHz. The antenna is designed using commercial off-the-shelf components and can be used in any global navigation satellite system receiver covering L1 and L2 communication bands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20polarization" title="circular polarization">circular polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20beamwidth" title=" enhanced beamwidth"> enhanced beamwidth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stacked%20patches" title=" stacked patches"> stacked patches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title=" GNSS"> GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20communication" title=" satellite communication"> satellite communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160831/design-of-a-commercial-off-the-shelf-patch-antenna-with-wide-half-power-beam-width-for-global-navigation-satellite-systems-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> The Ever-Changing Connection Among Banks and Insurers: An Examination of the Financial Standing of the Financial System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Ali">Iqra Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study uses panel Vector Auto Regression (VAR) to analyses the dynamic link between banking and insurance activities based on the asset size of the insurance industry for 73 countries between 1980 and 2014. Assets in the insurance industry and banking activities usually have a Granger causal link, according to panel Granger-causality tests. Impulse response analyses for the entire sample show that the size of insurance assets responds favorably to a shock to the liquid liabilities and deposits of the financial system but negatively to a shock to deposit money bank assets and private credit offered by commercial banks, other financial institutions, and deposit banks. While the findings for middle- and low-income nations varied significantly, the observations for high-income countries are essentially the same. Furthermore, we find that there is a substantial interplay between banking and insurance activity in civil law nations as opposed to common law ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vector%20autoregression" title="vector autoregression">vector autoregression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banking" title=" banking"> banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance" title=" insurance"> insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Granger-causality" title=" Granger-causality"> Granger-causality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194797/the-ever-changing-connection-among-banks-and-insurers-an-examination-of-the-financial-standing-of-the-financial-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> Emotional Stroop Task, Parental Acceptance-Rejection and Personality Assessment in Sexually Abused Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Iftikhar">Rabia Iftikhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Tariq"> Iqra Tariq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study examined the parental acceptance-rejection and personality assessment of sexually abused children. A sample of 50 control (25 girls and 25 boys) and 50 abused (25 girls and 25 boys) were drawn through the process of purposive sampling (N = 100). The sample consisted of school going children between the ages of 8-16. The sample was taken from non-governmental schools and NGO. Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire, Personality Assessment Questionnaire and Emotional STROOP task, were used to explore the relationship between the variables. The results showed that girls showed greater parental rejection than boys, were less psychologically and emotionally adjusted than boys. The results also showed that boys were high on psychological abuse while girls were high on physical and sexual abuse. The results of STROOP showed that sexually abused children showed more reaction time than non-abused children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abused" title="abused">abused</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjustment" title=" adjustment"> adjustment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistani" title=" Pakistani"> Pakistani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroop" title=" stroop"> stroop</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52169/emotional-stroop-task-parental-acceptance-rejection-and-personality-assessment-in-sexually-abused-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> The Onus of Human to Society in Accordance with Constitution and Traditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qamar%20Raza">Qamar Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with the human concern and onus which every person should provide to his/her society. Especially the rules and regulations described in constitution or traditions which we have inherited from ancestors should be followed, and also our lives should be led in accordance with them. The main concern of paper would be personal behavior with others in a good manner especially what he/she should exercise for society’s welfare. As human beings are the fundamental organ of society, who play a crucial role in reforming the society, they should try their best to develop it as well as maintain harmony, peace, we-feeling and mutual contact in the society. Focusing on how the modern society and its elements keep society successful. Regulations of our constitution and tradition are essential for reforming the society. In a nutshell, a human has to mingle in his society and keep mutual respect and understand the value of others as well as for himself. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitution" title="constitution">constitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20beings" title=" human beings"> human beings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=society" title=" society"> society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditions" title=" traditions"> traditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87042/the-onus-of-human-to-society-in-accordance-with-constitution-and-traditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Catalytic Study of Natural Gas Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasir%20Iqbal">Nasir Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khurram%20Siraj"> Khurram Siraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rizwan%20Raza"> Rizwan Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is the promising technology now days. SOFC can be operated with different types of fuels available. In this work catalytic anode is prepared with metal oxides i.e. Li, Ni, Zn and Sn and tested for catalytic activity with natural gas as a fuel. The operating temperature range is 170-750°C as observed with the help of TGA. Electrical conductivity and fuel cell performance has been observed for four different samples with varying composition of Sn and Zn. It is concluded that the sample having greater concentration of Zn shows better conductivity and power density results. All the results are promising and verified with different characterizations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalytic%20activity" title="catalytic activity">catalytic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20oxide%20fuel%20cell" title=" solid oxide fuel cell"> solid oxide fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20material" title=" energy material"> energy material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20gas" title=" natural gas"> natural gas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172581/catalytic-study-of-natural-gas-based-solid-oxide-fuel-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> Simulation of Internal Flow Field of Pitot-Tube Jet Pump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Noor">Iqra Noor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihtzaz%20Qamar"> Ihtzaz Qamar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pitot-tube Jet pump, single-stage pump with low flow rate and high head, consists of a radial impeller that feeds water to rotating cavity. Water then enters stationary pitot-tube collector (diffuser), which discharges to the outside. By means of ANSYS Fluent 15.0, the internal flow characteristics for Pitot-tube Jet pump with standard pitot and curved pitot are studied. Under design condition, realizable k-e turbulence model and SIMPLEC algorithm are used to calculate 3D flow field inside both pumps. The simulation results reveal that energy is imparted to the flow by impeller and inside the rotor, forced vortex type flow is observed. Total pressure decreases inside pitot-tube whereas static pressure increases. Changing pitot-tube from standard to curved shape results in minimum flow circulation inside pitot-tube and leads to a higher pump performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20circulation" title=" flow circulation"> flow circulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure%20pump" title=" high pressure pump"> high pressure pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impeller" title=" impeller"> impeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20flow" title=" internal flow"> internal flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pickup%20tube%20pump" title=" pickup tube pump"> pickup tube pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectangle%20channels" title=" rectangle channels"> rectangle channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20casing" title=" rotating casing"> rotating casing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118/simulation-of-internal-flow-field-of-pitot-tube-jet-pump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> Development of Impervious Concrete Using Micro Silica and GGBS as Cement Replacement Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rizwan%20Akram">Muhammad Rizwan Akram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saim%20Raza"> Saim Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20Hanif%20Chauhan"> Hamza Hanif Chauhan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the aim of research to evaluate the performance of ordinary Portland concretes containing cement replacement materials in both binary and ternary system. Blocks of concrete were prepared to have a constant water-binder ratio of 0.30. The test variables included the type and the amount of the supplementary cementious materials (SCMs) such as class of Silica Fume (SF) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Portland cement was replaced with Silica Fume (SF) upto 7.5% and GGBS up to a level of 50%. Then physical properties are assessed from the compressive strength and permeability tests. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20fume" title="silica fume">silica fume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GGBS" title=" GGBS"> GGBS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability" title=" permeability "> permeability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44752/development-of-impervious-concrete-using-micro-silica-and-ggbs-as-cement-replacement-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Helping Older Users Staying Connected</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20Raza">Q. Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Getting old is inevitable, tasks which were once simple are now a daily struggle. This paper is a study of how older users interact with web application based upon a series of experiments. The experiments conducted involved 12 participants and the experiments were split into two parts. The first set gives the users a feel of current social networks and the second set take into considerations from the participants and the results of the two are compared. This paper goes in detail on the psychological aspects such as social exclusion, Metacognition memory and Therapeutic memories and how this relates to users becoming isolated from society, social networking can be the roof on a foundation of successful computer interaction. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a study and to propose new ideas to help users to be able to use social networking sites easily and efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20psychology" title="cognitive psychology">cognitive psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20memory" title=" special memory"> special memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20networking%20and%20human%20computer%20interaction" title=" social networking and human computer interaction"> social networking and human computer interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18096/helping-older-users-staying-connected" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> The Fashion Fiesta: An Approach for Creating an Environment of Celebration by Uniting Two Art Forms; Fashion and Dance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Khan">Iqra Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghousia%20Saeed"> Ghousia Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Jamil"> Salman Jamil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fashion is the soul of styles. People of all times want to look trendy, eye catching and unique among all. For this reason, people always adopt different flairs in their outfits including their clothes, shoes, bags and other accessories. However, unfortunately, there is lack of opportunity for accommodating the fashion exposure activities expressed with the folk dances of different regions so as to exhibit the fashion of Pakistan to the world. The paper focuses on the vibrant setting of the whole building according to the social patterns, folk and local trends and existing environment of Lahore. This is done by studying each of the aspect obtained from objectives through research questions evolved from the objectives. The answers to these questions are found through case studies and the existing theories in the world in relevance to the topic. The paper finds out how the geometry of dance works with design principles to create transparent geometry of fashion building. This all creates the fiesta environment taken from the locality of the region from the local and cultural lifestyles of the locals and then assembling it together to create a full festivity experience throughout the building. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fashion" title="fashion">fashion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folk%20dance" title=" folk dance"> folk dance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometry" title=" geometry"> geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20trends" title=" local trends"> local trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20patterns" title=" social patterns"> social patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparent" title=" transparent"> transparent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54108/the-fashion-fiesta-an-approach-for-creating-an-environment-of-celebration-by-uniting-two-art-forms-fashion-and-dance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> Application of Optimization Techniques in Overcurrent Relay Coordination: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Auon%20Raza">Syed Auon Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahir%20Mahmood"> Tahir Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Basit%20Ali%20Bukhari"> Syed Basit Ali Bukhari </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In power system properly coordinated protection scheme is designed to make sure that only the faulty part of the system will be isolated when abnormal operating condition of the system will reach. The complexity of the system as well as the increased user demand and the deregulated environment enforce the utilities to improve system reliability by using a properly coordinated protection scheme. This paper presents overview of over current relay coordination techniques. Different techniques such as Deterministic Techniques, Meta Heuristic Optimization techniques, Hybrid Optimization Techniques, and Trial and Error Optimization Techniques have been reviewed in terms of method of their implementation, operation modes, nature of distribution system, and finally their advantages as well as the disadvantages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20system" title="distribution system">distribution system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relay%20coordination" title=" relay coordination"> relay coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Plug%20Setting%20Multiplier%20%28PSM%29" title=" Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)"> Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3872/application-of-optimization-techniques-in-overcurrent-relay-coordination-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Predictive Value of Coagulopathy in Patients with Isolated Blunt Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cohort of Pakistani Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Waqas">Muhammad Waqas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahan%20Waheed"> Shahan Waheed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsin%20Qadeer"> Mohsin Qadeer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Bari"> Ehsan Bari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Ahmed"> Salman Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Patoli"> Iqra Patoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To determine the value of aPTT, platelets and INR as the predictor of unfavorable outcomes in patients with blunt isolated traumatic brain injury. Methods: This was an observational cohort study conducted in a tertiary care facility from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2012. All the patients with isolated traumatic brain injury presenting within 24 hours of injury were included in the study. Coagulation parameters at presentation were recorded and Glasgow Outcome Scale calculated on last follow up. Outcomes were dichotomized into favorable and unfavorable outcomes. Relationship of coagulopathy with GOS and unfavorable outcomes was calculated using Spearman`s correlation and area under curve ROC analysis. Results: 121 patients were included in the study. The incidence of coagulopathy was found to be 6 %. aPTT was found to a significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes with an AUC = 0.702 (95%CI = 0.602-0.802). Predictive value of platelets and INR was not found to be significant. Conclusion: Incidence of coagulopathy was found to be low in current population compared to data from the West. aPTT was found to be a good predictor of unfavorable outcomes compared with other parameters of coagulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aPTT" title="aPTT">aPTT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulopathy" title=" coagulopathy"> coagulopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unfavorable%20outcomes" title=" unfavorable outcomes"> unfavorable outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameters" title=" parameters"> parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3076/predictive-value-of-coagulopathy-in-patients-with-isolated-blunt-traumatic-brain-injury-a-cohort-of-pakistani-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> Case Study of Child Labour in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ali%20Ansari">Ahmad Ali Ansari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Arshad"> Hassan Arshad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basharat%20Hussani"> Basharat Hussani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20Raza"> Adnan Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ali%20Khan"> Ahmad Ali Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Child labor is a kind of an issue which was found all over the world, but now the first world countries like countries in Europe and America (USA) got hold of it up to a large extent but Underdeveloped or the developing countries including Pakistan are still a victim of this issue. The following attempt has been made in this research article to figure out the main reasons of child labor in underdeveloped countries especially in Pakistan and also some of the issues are discussed which are hindering the solution of child labor in Pakistan. In this research we interviewed 70 working children in the area of Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Taxila and Hatar who belonged to the different parts of the country and figured out the basic causes of the child labor in Pakistan, what are its bad effects on the young one who is a victim of it and we also put a light on what the government of Pakistan is doing in this context and what the government still have to do. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20labour" title="child labour">child labour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study"> case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underdeveloped%20countries" title=" underdeveloped countries"> underdeveloped countries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18547/case-study-of-child-labour-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">664</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> An investigation of Leading Edge and Trailing Edge Corrugation for Low Reynolds Number Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Hassan%20Raza%20Shah">Syed Hassan Raza Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mohammad%20Ali"> Mohammad Mohammad Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The flow over a smoothly profiled airfoil at a low Reynolds number is highly susceptible to separate even at a very low angle of attack. An investigation was made to study the effect of leading-edge and trailing-edge corrugation with the spanwise change in the ridges resulted due to the change in the chord length for an infinite wing. The wind tunnel results using NACA0018 wings revealed that leading and trailing edge corrugation did not have any benefit in terms of aerodynamic efficiency or delayed stall. The leading edge and trailing edge corrugation didn't change the lift curve slope, with the leading edge corrugation wing stalling first in the range of Reynolds number of 50,000 to 125,000. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leading%20and%20trailing%20edge%20corrugations" title="leading and trailing edge corrugations">leading and trailing edge corrugations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20reynolds%20number" title=" low reynolds number"> low reynolds number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20tunnel%20testing" title=" wind tunnel testing"> wind tunnel testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NACA0018" title=" NACA0018"> NACA0018</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141121/an-investigation-of-leading-edge-and-trailing-edge-corrugation-for-low-reynolds-number-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141121.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> Varietal Screening of Watermelon against Powdery Mildew Disease and Its Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Abbasi">Asim Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amer%20Habib"> Amer Habib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Hussain"> Sajid Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Sufyan"> Muhammad Sufyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra"> Iqra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasnain%20Sajjad"> Hasnain Sajjad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Except for few scattered cases, powdery mildew disease was not a big problem for watermelon in the past but with the outbreaks of its pathotypes, races 1W and 2W, this disease becomes a serious issue all around the globe. The severe outbreak of this disease also increased the rate of fungicide application for its proper management. Twelve varieties of watermelon were screened in Research Area of Department of Plant pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to check the incidence of powdery mildew disease. Disease inoculum was prepared and applied with the help of foliar spray method. Fungicides and plants extracts were also applied after the disease incidence. Percentage leaf surface area diseased was assessed visually with a modified Horsfall-Barratt scale. The results of the experiment revealed that among all varieties, WT2257 and Zcugma F1 were highly resistant showing less than 5% disease incidence while Anar Kali and Sugar baby were highly susceptible with disease incidence of more than 65%. Among botanicals neem extract gave best results with disease incidence of less than 20%. Besides neem, all other botanicals also gave significant control of powdery mildew disease than the untreated check. In case of fungicides, Gemstar showed least disease incidence i.e. < 10%, however besides control maximum disease incidence was observed in Curzate (> 30%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=botanicals" title="botanicals">botanicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungicides" title=" fungicides"> fungicides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathotypes" title=" pathotypes"> pathotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powdery%20mildew" title=" powdery mildew"> powdery mildew</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79893/varietal-screening-of-watermelon-against-powdery-mildew-disease-and-its-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> Usability Issues of Smart Phone Applications: For Visually Challenged People</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anam%20Ashraf">Anam Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arif%20Raza"> Arif Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this era of globalization, adoption of technology is quite difficult for people with physical disabilities compared to people with normal abilities. The advancement in mobile based accessible applications has opened up several different avenues for the visually challenged across the globe. Smartphones applications are not very common for blind people, but they access and use these applications in their daily lives to some extent. Several smartphone applications have a number of usability issues for the visually impaired. In this paper, we evaluate the usability of various android and iPhone applications for blind people through analysis and surveys. This paper aspires to provide guidance in order to increase smartphone application accessibility for the visually impaired. An abstract application design is also proposed to overcome usability issues in smartphone applications for visually challenged people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eyes-free%20shell" title="eyes-free shell">eyes-free shell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20computer%20interaction" title=" human computer interaction"> human computer interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20engineering" title=" usability engineering"> usability engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visually%20challenged" title=" visually challenged"> visually challenged</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8962/usability-issues-of-smart-phone-applications-for-visually-challenged-people" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Role of Discrete Event Simulation in the Assessment and Selection of the Potential Reconfigurable Manufacturing Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsin%20Raza">Mohsin Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arne%20Bilberg"> Arne Bilberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Ditlev%20Brun%C3%B8"> Thomas Ditlev Brunø</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ann-Louise%20Andersen"> Ann-Louise Andersen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filip%20SK%C3%A4rin"> Filip SKärin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shifting from a dedicated or flexible manufacturing system to a reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS) requires a significant amount of time, money, and effort. Therefore, it is vital to verify beforehand that the potential reconfigurable solution will be able to achieve the organizational objectives. Discrete event simulation offers the opportunity of assessing several reconfigurable alternatives against the set objectives. This study signifies the importance of using discrete-event simulation as a tool to verify several reconfiguration options. Two different industrial cases have been presented in the study to elaborate on the role of discrete event simulation in the implementation methodology of RMSs. The study concluded that discrete event simulation is one of the important tools to consider in the RMS implementation methodology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconfigurable%20manufacturing%20system" title="reconfigurable manufacturing system">reconfigurable manufacturing system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20event%20simulation" title=" discrete event simulation"> discrete event simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tecnomatix%20plant%20simulation" title=" Tecnomatix plant simulation"> Tecnomatix plant simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RMS" title=" RMS"> RMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150254/role-of-discrete-event-simulation-in-the-assessment-and-selection-of-the-potential-reconfigurable-manufacturing-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> Extracting Spatial Information Using Stereo Imageries for Mapping Slum Areas in Karachi, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Raza%20Mehdi">Mohammed Raza Mehdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Ahmed"> Kamran Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mega-city Karachi has numerous unplanned slum areas and squatter settlements with irregular growth of building structures. Due to weak development policy and lack of development control, such settlements are increasing at a rapid pace. Mapping such areas for planning and infrastructure development requires an integrated approach of socio-spatial and technological tools. Therefore in this study, an attempt is made to create GIS information layers on complex inbound built-up areas of slums at the coastal belt of Karachi by using a stereo pair of satellite images. The outcome expected is technological application to aid planning institutions for crisis management and infrastructure development in irregularly developed slum areas of Karachi, Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slum" title="slum">slum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20imageries" title=" satellite imageries"> satellite imageries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karachi" title=" Karachi"> Karachi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122338/extracting-spatial-information-using-stereo-imageries-for-mapping-slum-areas-in-karachi-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> Girls&#039; Underperformance in Science: From Biological Determinism and Feminist Perspectives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20Ullah">Raza Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazir%20Ullah"> Hazir Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is ample evidence that reveals the outstanding performance of girls in a different range of subjects. However, it is pertinent to mention here that boys have historically dominated girls, particularly in math, physics, and technological subjects across the globe with the exception of few developed countries. This article examines the reasons why girls are underdog in STEM subjects. The article critically analyzes two main approaches towards gender and education: biological determinist and feminist. This article highlights that social factors influencing girls performance in STEM subjects have not analyzed critically, and girls underachieving in science has linked with biological and sex differences. The article concludes that the underperformance of girls in a STEM subject is the direct response of socio-cultural factors. Thus, socio-cultural factors are responsible for the dearth of girls in STEM subjects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title="gender">gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underperformance" title=" underperformance"> underperformance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STEM" title=" STEM"> STEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex" title=" sex"> sex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112623/girls-underperformance-in-science-from-biological-determinism-and-feminist-perspectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> Anticoccidial Activity of Vitis venifera Extract on Oocysts of Different Eimeria Species of Chicken</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asghar%20Abbas">Asghar Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rao%20Zahid%20Abbas"> Rao Zahid Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asif%20Raza"> Muhammad Asif Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashif%20Hussain"> Kashif Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current experiment, in vitro anticoccidial potential of Vitis venifera (grape seed) extract was evaluated. For this purpose, an in vitro sporulation inhibition assay was used. Collected oocysts of different Eimeria species of chicken were exposed to six different concentrations (w/v) of Vitis venifera extract (TAE) in 10% dimethylsulphoxide solution (DMSO). Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and potassium dichromate solution (K₂Cr₂O₇) served as control groups. Results of the study revealed that Vitis venifera extract (TAE) showed an inhibitory effect on sporulation (%) and damage (%) of Eimeria oocysts in a dose-dependent manner as compared to both control groups. Vitis venifera extract also damaged the morphology of oocysts in terms of shape, size, and number of sporocysts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitis%20venifera" title="Vitis venifera">Vitis venifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro" title=" in vitro"> in vitro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eimeria" title=" Eimeria"> Eimeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oocysts" title=" oocysts"> oocysts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106941/anticoccidial-activity-of-vitis-venifera-extract-on-oocysts-of-different-eimeria-species-of-chicken" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">82</span> Autonomic Threat Avoidance and Self-Healing in Database Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajahat%20Munir">Wajahat Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Haseeb"> Muhammad Haseeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeel%20Anjum"> Adeel Anjum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basit%20Raza"> Basit Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Kamran%20Malik"> Ahmad Kamran Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Databases are the key components of the software systems. Due to the exponential growth of data, it is the concern that the data should be accurate and available. The data in databases is vulnerable to internal and external threats, especially when it contains sensitive data like medical or military applications. Whenever the data is changed by malicious intent, data analysis result may lead to disastrous decisions. Autonomic self-healing is molded toward computer system after inspiring from the autonomic system of human body. In order to guarantee the accuracy and availability of data, we propose a technique which on a priority basis, tries to avoid any malicious transaction from execution and in case a malicious transaction affects the system, it heals the system in an isolated mode in such a way that the availability of system would not be compromised. Using this autonomic system, the management cost and time of DBAs can be minimized. In the end, we test our model and present the findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomic%20computing" title="autonomic computing">autonomic computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-healing" title=" self-healing"> self-healing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threat%20avoidance" title=" threat avoidance"> threat avoidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71728/autonomic-threat-avoidance-and-self-healing-in-database-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> Crop Classification using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Yaseen">Iqra Yaseen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the well-known areas of computer science and engineering, image processing in the context of computer vision has been essential to automation. In remote sensing, medical science, and many other fields, it has made it easier to uncover previously undiscovered facts. Grading of diverse items is now possible because of neural network algorithms, categorization, and digital image processing. Its use in the classification of agricultural products, particularly in the grading of seeds or grains and their cultivars, is widely recognized. A grading and sorting system enables the preservation of time, consistency, and uniformity. Global population growth has led to an increase in demand for food staples, biofuel, and other agricultural products. To meet this demand, available resources must be used and managed more effectively. Image processing is rapidly growing in the field of agriculture. Many applications have been developed using this approach for crop identification and classification, land and disease detection and for measuring other parameters of crop. Vegetation localization is the base of performing these task. Vegetation helps to identify the area where the crop is present. The productivity of the agriculture industry can be increased via image processing that is based upon Unmanned Aerial Vehicle photography and satellite. In this paper we use the machine learning techniques like Convolutional Neural Network, deep learning, image processing, classification, You Only Live Once to UAV imaging dataset to divide the crop into distinct groups and choose the best way to use it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title="image processing">image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAV" title=" UAV"> UAV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YOLO" title=" YOLO"> YOLO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title=" CNN"> CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157744/crop-classification-using-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> Mobile Learning in Teacher Education: A Review in Context of Developing Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehwish%20Raza">Mehwish Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile learning (m-learning) offers unique affordances to learners, setting them free of limitations posed by time and geographic space; thus becoming an affordable device for convenient distant learning. There is a plethora of research available on mobile learning projects planned, implemented and evaluated across disciplines in the context of developed countries, however, the potential of m-learning at different educational levels remain unexplored with little evidence of research carried out in developing countries. Despite the favorable technical infrastructure offered by cellular networks and boom in mobile subscriptions in the developing world, there is limited focus on utilizing m-learning for education and development purposes. The objective of this review is to unify findings from m-learning projects that have been implemented in developing countries such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, Philippines, India, and Tanzania for teachers’ in-service training. The purpose is to draw upon key characteristics of mobile learning that would be useful for future researchers to inform conceptualizations of mobile learning for developing countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20model" title="design model">design model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20characteristics" title=" key characteristics"> key characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20learning" title=" mobile learning"> mobile learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69187/mobile-learning-in-teacher-education-a-review-in-context-of-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> A Case Study of Kick Control in Tough Potohar Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iftikhar%20Raza">Iftikhar Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Well control is the management of the hazardous effects caused by the unexpected release of formation fluid, such as natural gas and/or crude oil, upon surface equipment of oil or gas drilling rigs and escaping into the atmosphere. Technically, oil well control involves preventing the formation fluid, usually referred to as kick, from entering into the wellbore during drilling. Oil well control is one of the most important aspects of drilling operations. Improper handling of kicks in oil well control can result in blowouts with very grave consequences, including the loss of valuable resources. Even though the cost of a blowout (as a result of improper/no oil well control) can easily reach several millions of US dollars, the monetary loss is not as serious as the other damages that can occur: irreparable damage to the environment, waste of valuable resources, ruined equipment, and most importantly, the safety and lives of personnel on the drilling rig. In this paper, case study of a well is discussed with field data showing the properties of the well. The whole procedure of controlling this well is illustrated in this which may be helpful for professional dealing with such kind of problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kick%20control" title="kick control">kick control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kill%20sheet" title=" kill sheet"> kill sheet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20well" title=" oil well"> oil well</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20drilling" title=" gas drilling"> gas drilling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16120/a-case-study-of-kick-control-in-tough-potohar-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> Position and Speed Tracking of DC Motor Based on Experimental Analysis in LabVIEW</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ilyas">Muhammad Ilyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awais%20Khan"> Awais Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ali%20Raza%20Shah"> Syed Ali Raza Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> DC motors are widely used in industries to provide mechanical power in speed and torque. The position and speed control of DC motors is getting the interest of the scientific community in robotics, especially in the robotic arm, a flexible joint manipulator. The current research work is based on position control of DC motors using experimental investigations in LabVIEW. The linear control strategy is applied to track the position and speed of the DC motor with comparative analysis in the LabVIEW platform and simulation analysis in MATLAB. The tracking error in hardware setup based on LabVIEW programming is slightly greater than simulation analysis in MATLAB due to the inertial load of the motor during steady-state conditions. The controller output shows the input voltage applied to the dc motor varies between 0-8V to ensure minimal steady error while tracking the position and speed of the DC motor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20motor" title="DC motor">DC motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labview" title=" labview"> labview</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportional%20integral%20derivative%20control" title=" proportional integral derivative control"> proportional integral derivative control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=position%20tracking" title=" position tracking"> position tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speed%20tracking" title=" speed tracking"> speed tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164256/position-and-speed-tracking-of-dc-motor-based-on-experimental-analysis-in-labview" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Effect of a Stepwise Discontinuity on a 65 Degree Delta Wing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nishit%20L.%20Sanil">Nishit L. Sanil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20M.%20Khan"> Raza M. Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increasing lift effectively at higher angles of attack has always been a daunting challenge in aviation especially on a delta wing. These are used on military jet fighter planes and has some undesirable characteristics, notably flow separation at high angles of attack and high drag at low speeds. In order to solve this problem, a design modification is modeled on a delta wing which would increase the lift so that we can improve maneuverability. To attain an increase in the lift of a 65 degree delta wing at higher angles of attack, a step-wise discontinuity is created at the upper surface of the delta wing. A normal delta wing is validated for comparison which would thereby give us a measure of flow separation and coefficient of lift affected by the modification. The results obtained deliver a significant increase in lift at higher angles of attack thereby delaying stall. Hence the benefits of the modification would aid the potential designs of aircraft’s in the time to come. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20of%20lift" title="coefficient of lift">coefficient of lift</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delta%20wing" title=" delta wing"> delta wing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20separation" title=" flow separation"> flow separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=step-wise%20discontinuity" title=" step-wise discontinuity"> step-wise discontinuity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93174/effect-of-a-stepwise-discontinuity-on-a-65-degree-delta-wing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> Group Decision Making through Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Set TOPSIS Method Using New Hybrid Score Function</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Talib%20Abbas%20Raza">Syed Talib Abbas Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahseen%20Ahmed%20Jilani"> Tahseen Ahmed Jilani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleem%20Abdullah"> Saleem Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets based TOPSIS method for group decision making. The interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft set is a mutation of an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set and soft set. In group decision making problems IVIFSS makes the process much more algebraically elegant. We have used weighted arithmetic averaging operator for aggregating the information and define a new Hybrid Score Function as metric tool for comparison between interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy values. In an illustrative example we have applied the developed method to a criminological problem. We have developed a group decision making model for integrating the imprecise and hesitant evaluations of multiple law enforcement agencies working on target killing cases in the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20decision%20making" title="group decision making">group decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interval-valued%20intuitionistic%20fuzzy%20soft%20set" title=" interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft set"> interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOPSIS" title=" TOPSIS"> TOPSIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=score%20function" title=" score function"> score function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminology" title=" criminology"> criminology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21620/group-decision-making-through-interval-valued-intuitionistic-fuzzy-soft-set-topsis-method-using-new-hybrid-score-function" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">604</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> 3D Guidance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Sliding Mode Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zamurad%20Shah">M. Zamurad Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kemal%20Ozgoren"> M. Kemal Ozgoren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20Samar"> Raza Samar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a 3D guidance scheme for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The proposed guidance scheme is based on the sliding mode approach using nonlinear sliding manifolds. Generalized 3D kinematic equations are considered here during the design process to cater for the coupling between longitudinal and lateral motions. Sliding mode based guidance scheme is then derived for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system using the proposed nonlinear manifolds. Instead of traditional sliding surfaces, nonlinear sliding surfaces are proposed here for performance and stability in all flight conditions. In the reaching phase control inputs, the bang-bang terms with signum functions are accompanied with proportional terms in order to reduce the chattering amplitudes. The Proposed 3D guidance scheme is implemented on a 6-degrees-of-freedom (6-dof) simulation of a UAV and simulation results are presented here for different 3D trajectories with and without disturbances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmanned%20aerial%20vehicles" title="unmanned aerial vehicles">unmanned aerial vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20control" title=" sliding mode control"> sliding mode control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20guidance" title=" 3D guidance"> 3D guidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20sliding%20manifolds" title=" nonlinear sliding manifolds"> nonlinear sliding manifolds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14296/3d-guidance-of-unmanned-aerial-vehicles-using-sliding-mode-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Raza&amp;page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Raza&amp;page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Raza&amp;page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Raza&amp;page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">&copy; 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