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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div 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</div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Llac+Van" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Llac+Van" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és 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la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Història" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Història"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Història</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Història-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Història</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Història-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-El_castell_sota_l'aigua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#El_castell_sota_l'aigua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>El castell sota l'aigua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-El_castell_sota_l'aigua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Geografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Akdamar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akdamar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Akdamar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akdamar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fortalesa_de_Van" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fortalesa_de_Van"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Fortalesa de Van</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fortalesa_de_Van-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hidrologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hidrologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hidrologia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hidrologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medi_ambient,_fauna_i_flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medi_ambient,_fauna_i_flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Medi ambient, fauna i flora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medi_ambient,_fauna_i_flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Taula de continguts" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Llac Van</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 84 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بحيرة وان - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بحيرة وان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llagu_de_Van" title="Llagu de Van - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llagu de Van" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_g%C3%B6l%C3%BC" title="Van gölü - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Van gölü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BB)" title="Ван (күл) - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ван (күл)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Ван (возера) - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ван (возера)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Ван (езеро) - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ван (езеро)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A6" title="ভান হ্রদ - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভান হ্রদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenn_Van" title="Lenn Van - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lenn Van" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="article bo"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_(jezero)" title="Van (jezero) - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Van (jezero)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Van_(lanaw_sa_Turkeya)" title="Lake Van (lanaw sa Turkeya) - cebuà" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Lake Van (lanaw sa Turkeya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دەریاچەی وان - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەریاچەی وان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_g%C3%B6l%C3%BC" title="Van gölü - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Van gölü" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vansk%C3%A9_jezero" title="Vanské jezero - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vanské jezero" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BA%D3%B3%D0%BB%C4%95)" title="Ван (кӳлĕ) - txuvaix" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ван (кӳлĕ)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaix" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llyn_Van" title="Llyn Van - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llyn Van" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vans%C3%B8en" title="Vansøen - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vansøen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vansee" title="Vansee - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vansee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gol%C3%AA_Wani" title="Golê Wani - Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Golê Wani" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Λίμνη Βαν - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λίμνη Βαν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Van" title="Lake Van - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Lake Van" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_(lago)" title="Van (lago) - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Van (lago)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lago_de_Van" title="Lago de Van - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lago de Van" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vani_j%C3%A4rv" title="Vani järv - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vani järv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_(aintzira)" title="Van (aintzira) - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Van (aintzira)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%87_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دریاچه وان - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دریاچه وان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanj%C3%A4rvi_(Turkki)" title="Vanjärvi (Turkki) - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vanjärvi (Turkki)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lac_de_Van" title="Lac de Van - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lac de Van" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lago_Van" title="Lago Van - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lago Van" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F" title="ימת ואן - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ימת ואן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2" title="वान झील - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वान झील" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_(jezero)" title="Van (jezero) - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Van (jezero)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van-t%C3%B3" title="Van-tó - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Van-tó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1_%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B3" title="Վանա լիճ - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վանա լիճ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5_%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B3" title="Վանայ լիճ - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Վանայ լիճ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danau_Van" title="Danau Van - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Danau Van" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lago_di_Van" title="Lago di Van - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lago di Van" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E6%B9%96" title="ヴァン湖 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴァン湖" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ვანის ტბა - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვანის ტბა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Ван көлі - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ван көлі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%ED%98%B8" title="반호 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="반호" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gola_Wan%C3%AA" title="Gola Wanê - kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gola Wanê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BB%D2%AF" title="Ван көлү - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ван көлү" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsissa_palus" title="Arsissa palus - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arsissa palus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vano_e%C5%BEeras" title="Vano ežeras - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vano ežeras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="article bo"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanas_ezers" title="Vanas ezers - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vanas ezers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B5%D1%80)" title="Ван (ер) - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Ван (ер)" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Ван (езеро) - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ван (езеро)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="വാൻ തടാകം - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വാൻ തടാകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasik_Van" title="Tasik Van - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tasik Van" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanmeer" title="Vanmeer - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vanmeer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vansj%C3%B8en" title="Vansjøen - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vansjøen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vansj%C3%B8en" title="Vansjøen - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vansjøen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lac_de_Van" title="Lac de Van - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lac de Van" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Ван (цад) - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ван (цад)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਲੇਕ ਵਾਨ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੇਕ ਵਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wan_(jezioro)" title="Wan (jezioro) - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wan (jezioro)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جھیل وان - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جھیل وان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lago_de_V%C3%A3" title="Lago de Vã - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lago de Vã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacul_Van" title="Lacul Van - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lacul Van" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="article bo"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Ван (озеро) - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ван (озеро)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_(jezero)" title="Van (jezero) - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Van (jezero)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Van" title="Lake Van - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lake Van" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vansk%C3%A9_jazero" title="Vanské jazero - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vanské jazero" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vansko_jezero" title="Vansko jezero - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vansko jezero" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Ван (језеро) - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ван (језеро)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dano_Van" title="Dano Van - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Dano Van" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vansj%C3%B6n" title="Vansjön - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vansjön" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwa_Van" title="Ziwa Van - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ziwa Van" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="வான் ஏரி - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வான் ஏரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ทะเลสาบวาน - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทะเลสาบวาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wan_k%C3%B6li" title="Wan köli - turcman" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Wan köli" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_G%C3%B6l%C3%BC" title="Van Gölü - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Van Gölü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%82%D1%8B)" title="Ван (ты) - udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Ван (ты)" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%83%DB%86%D9%84%D9%89" title="ۋان كۆلى - uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋان كۆلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Ван (озеро) - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ван (озеро)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%84" title="وان جھیل - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وان جھیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van" title="Van - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Van" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_Van" title="Hồ Van - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hồ Van" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lak_di_Van" title="Lak di Van - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lak di Van" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danaw_Van" title="Danaw Van - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Danaw Van" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%A1%E6%B9%96" title="凡湖 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="凡湖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ვანიშ ტობა - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვანიშ ტობა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%A1%E6%B9%96" title="凡湖 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="凡湖" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%A1%E6%B9%96" title="凡湖 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="凡湖" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q126307#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Llac_Van" title="Vegeu el 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mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Llac_Van"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Llac_Van"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Llac_Van" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Llac_Van" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&oldid=34518088" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Llac_Van&id=34518088&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLlac_Van"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLlac_Van"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Llac+Van"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Llac_Van&action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lake_Van" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q126307" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates-ind" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><span title="Coordenades geogràfiques WGS84">Coord.:</span> <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Llac_Van&language=ca&params=38.633333333333_N_42.816666666667_E_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapes, fotos aèries i altres informacions per a aquesta localització">38° 38′ 00″ N, 42° 49′ 00″ E</span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapes, fotos aèries i altres informacions per a aquesta localització"><span class="latitude">38.633333333333°N</span>,<span class="longitude">42.816666666667°E</span></span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.633333333333; 42.816666666667</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33623789">.mw-parser-output .infobox_bodystyle{font-size:85%;text-align:left;width:24em}.mw-parser-output .infobox_titlestyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_abovestyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerclass_w_botton_top{background:#d9b38c;border-bottom:2px solid #ccccff;border-top:2px solid #ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerstyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle1{width:100%;background:#d9b38c;text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox_belowstyle{border-top:#aaa 1px solid;background:#FFA07A}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label{background:#eeeeee;padding-right:1.2em;text-align:start}</style><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em;infobox_bodystyle"><caption class="infobox_titlestyle" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plantilla:Infotaula indret"><img alt="Plantilla:Infotaula indret" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg/20px-Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg/30px-Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg/40px-Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span>Llac Van</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33606766">.mw-parser-output .img_toogle ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:70%}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li:after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li:last-child:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle_caption{font-size:100%;font-style:normal;text-align:center;padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px}</style><div class="img_toogle"> <div class="geobox"><table style="width:auto; margin:auto; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0; text-align:center;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Lakevanlandsat.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Imatge"><img alt="Imatge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Lakevanlandsat.jpeg/300px-Lakevanlandsat.jpeg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Lakevanlandsat.jpeg/450px-Lakevanlandsat.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Lakevanlandsat.jpeg/600px-Lakevanlandsat.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="img_toogle_caption"><span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P18" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Llac_salat" title="Llac salat">llac salat</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q570116" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q570116">atracció turística</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Llac_alcal%C3%AD" title="Llac alcalí">llac alcalí</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3511952" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3511952">tectonic lake</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511952?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass_w_botton_top" style="text-align:center">Localització</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">País de la conca</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P205" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label"><b>Entitat territorial administrativa</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Prov%C3%ADncia_de_Van" title="Província de Van">Província de Van (Turquia)</a> i <a href="/wiki/Prov%C3%ADncia_de_Bitlis" title="Província de Bitlis">Província de Bitlis (Turquia)</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P131" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><table align="center" style="width:auto; cellspacing:1; cellpadding:0%; border:0; margin:0; display:table;"><tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="300" data-zoom="8" data-lat="38.633333333333" data-lon="42.816666666667" data-overlays="["_b1b438b8716a4cd2022b268d58f740135d77d104"]" href="/wiki/Especial:Map/8/38.633333333333/42.816666666667/ca"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,38.633333333333,42.816666666667,300x300.png?lang=ca&domain=ca.wikipedia.org&title=Llac_Van&revid=34518088&groups=_b1b438b8716a4cd2022b268d58f740135d77d104" width="300" height="300" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,38.633333333333,42.816666666667,300x300@2x.png?lang=ca&domain=ca.wikipedia.org&title=Llac_Van&revid=34518088&groups=_b1b438b8716a4cd2022b268d58f740135d77d104 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><small> <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Llac_Van&language=ca&params=38.633333333333_N_42.816666666667_E_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapes, fotos aèries i altres informacions per a aquesta localització">38° 38′ 00″ N, 42° 49′ 00″ E</span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapes, fotos aèries i altres informacions per a aquesta localització"><span class="latitude">38.633333333333°N</span>,<span class="longitude">42.816666666667°E</span></span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.633333333333; 42.816666666667</span></span></span></a></span></small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Afluents</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:none; padding: 0;"><div class="" style="width:100%;" align="left"></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21209757" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q21209757">Ankyusner</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21209757?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21210289" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q21210289">Berkri</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21210289?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21589180" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q21589180">Garala</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21589180?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3141685" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3141685">Hoşap Suyu</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3141685?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13050776" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q13050776">Delicav</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13050776?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21209984" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q21209984">Artske</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21209984?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21210001" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q21210001">Artshesh</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21210001?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21696411" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q21696411">Gayl</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21696411?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P200" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass_w_botton_top" style="text-align:center">Característiques</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Altitud</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">1.640 m <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P2044" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Profunditat</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">171 m <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P4511" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Dimensió</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">80 (<span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="amplada"><img alt="amplada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Chess_lrt45.svg/15px-Chess_lrt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Chess_lrt45.svg/23px-Chess_lrt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Chess_lrt45.svg/30px-Chess_lrt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span>) ×</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;">120 (<span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="longitud"><img alt="longitud" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Chess_urt45.svg/15px-Chess_urt45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Chess_urt45.svg/23px-Chess_urt45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Chess_urt45.svg/30px-Chess_urt45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span>) km</span> <br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Perímetre</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">5.764 km <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P2547" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Superfície</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">3.755 km² <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P2046" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Superfície de conca hidrogràfica</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">12.500 km² <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P2053" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass_w_botton_top" style="text-align:center">Mesures</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Salinitat</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">23 ‰ <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P4350" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Volum</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">607.000 hm³ <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126307?uselang=ca#P2234" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div style="float: right;"> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div style="float: left;"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Van1_20_modified.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Van1_20_modified.jpg/220px-Van1_20_modified.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Van1_20_modified.jpg/330px-Van1_20_modified.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Van1_20_modified.jpg/440px-Van1_20_modified.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1605" data-file-height="1053" /></a><figcaption>El llac Van</figcaption></figure> <p>El <b>llac Van</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Turc" title="Turc">turc</a>, <i>Van Gölü</i>; en <a href="/wiki/Armeni" title="Armeni">armeni</a>, Վանա լիճ, <i>Vanà litx</i>) és un <a href="/wiki/Llac_alcal%C3%AD" title="Llac alcalí">llac alcalí</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Llac" title="Llac">llac</a> més gran de <a href="/wiki/Turquia" title="Turquia">Turquia</a>, situat a la part oriental del país. És salat i d'origen volcànic, i rep nombrosos rius i rierols de les muntanyes de la rodalia. </p><p>Fa 120 km de llarg i 80 d'ample i té una superfície de 3.754 km²<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i té una fondària màxima de 451m, el que fa un volum d'aigua de poc més de 600 km3. És a 1.640 metres sobre el nivell del mar. El llac és lleument salí, amb el 22% i un <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> de 9,55 i roman lliure de <a href="/wiki/Gel" class="mw-redirect" title="Gel">gel</a> durant l'<a href="/wiki/Hivern" title="Hivern">hivern</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Història"><span id="Hist.C3.B2ria"></span>Història</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Història"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El llac Van fou el centre del Regne d'<a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La capital del regne, <a href="/wiki/Tushpa" class="mw-redirect" title="Tushpa">Tushpa</a>, es trobava gairebé al lloc que ocupa actualment la ciutat de <a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">Van</a>. En una de les seves illes, l'<a href="/wiki/Althamar" class="mw-redirect" title="Althamar">Althamar</a>, s'hi va construir un monestir. </p><p>La regió va pertànyer principalment als <a href="/wiki/Beznun%C3%AD" title="Beznuní">Beznuní</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reixtun%C3%AD" title="Reixtuní">Reixtuní</a> i <a href="/wiki/Artsrun%C3%AD" title="Artsruní">Artsruní</a>. Aquests darrers en van obtenir la major part i hi van establir el principat de <a href="/wiki/Vaspurakan" title="Vaspurakan">Vaspurakan</a> (regne <a href="/wiki/Armenis" title="Armenis">armeni</a> del <a href="/wiki/908" title="908">908</a>), que comprenia tota la part a l'est del llac, que després fou <a href="/wiki/Imperi_Rom%C3%A0_d%27Orient" title="Imperi Romà d'Orient">Imperi Romà d'Orient</a> (<a href="/wiki/1022" title="1022">1022</a>), fins al domini <a href="/wiki/Selj%C3%BAcida" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljúcida">seljúcida</a> vers el <a href="/wiki/1070" title="1070">1070</a>, passant posteriorment a mans de l'<a href="/wiki/Imperi_Otom%C3%A0" title="Imperi Otomà">Imperi Otomà</a>. </p><p>El llac Van és un dels llacs sagrats del poble armeni. És en efecte l'origen de la llegenda de David de Sassoun, segons la qual la mare de David va quedar embarassada després de beure tres glops d'aigua del llac. El llac Van va veure com el seu nivell baixava considerablement a causa de la sequera que es va iniciar al segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">x</span> a Anatòlia. </p><p>La sortida del llac va quedar obstruïda en un període determinat del <a href="/wiki/Plistoc%C3%A8" title="Plistocè">Plistocè</a>, quan les <a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">colades</a> de lava del volcà Nemrut van bloquejar la sortida occidental a la plana de <a href="/wiki/Mu%C5%9F" title="Muş">Muş</a>. Ara inactiu, Nemrut és a prop de la riba occidental del llac, i un altre <a href="/wiki/Estratovolc%C3%A0" title="Estratovolcà">estratovolcà</a> latent, Süphan Dağı, domina el costat nord del llac. </p><p>El llac Van va ser inclòs al territori del regne d'<a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a> entre els segles <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xi</span> i <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">vii</span> aC. S'estenia pels actuals territoris de Turquia, Armènia, Iran i el nord de Síria i l'Iraq. Al segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">x</span>, el llac va ser el centre del regne armeni de <a href="/wiki/Vaspurakan" title="Vaspurakan">Vaspurakan</a>. Actualment, la zona al voltant del llac Van està poblada principalment per kurds, armenis i una minoria de turcs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="El_castell_sota_l'aigua"><span id="El_castell_sota_l.27aigua"></span>El castell sota l'aigua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: El castell sota l'aigua"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les importants variacions del nivell de l'estany expliquen l'existència d'un <a href="/wiki/Castell" title="Castell">castell</a> submergit de més de deu metres de profunditat (re)descobert l'any 2016 pels submarinistes.<sup id="cite_ref-figaro_22/11/2017_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-figaro_22/11/2017-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aquests bussejadors, liderats pel fotògraf submarí Tahsin Ceylan, tenien l'encàrrec d'estudiar el fons marí (microbialita) i els jaciments arqueològics submarins (tot i que cap arqueòleg s'havia unit a l'equip). Al costat de la ciutat d'Adilcevaz, van descobrir una llarga muralla originada al port de la comuna i que s'enfonsa a les profunditats del llac<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'estructura, ben conservada per les aigües del llac, mesura un quilòmetre quadrat de superfície i es diu que va ser construïda entre el IX i VI aC. sota <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a><sup id="cite_ref-figaro_22/11/2017_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-figaro_22/11/2017-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. De fet, van documentar haver-hi observat escultures de lleons (característiques de la monarquia d'Urartu) i inscripcions que esmentaven el rei <a href="/wiki/Rusa_I" title="Rusa I">Rusa I</a>. </p><p>Tanmateix, segons alguns arqueòlegs, aquesta estructura és en realitat més recent i data de l'edat mitjana. La tècnica utilitzada per muntar les pedres de l'estructura seria, efectivament, posterior al segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xi</span> aC.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Segons Paul Zimanski, expert del regne d'Urartu, és probable que les pedres tallades d'antigues construccions datades de l'època del regne d'Urartu fossin reutilitzades per construir un nou edifici a l'edat mitjana. Seria necessària una investigació arqueològica addicional.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografia">Geografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Geografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El llac de Van està situat a l'extrem oriental del país, a l'<a href="/wiki/Altipl%C3%A0_d%27Arm%C3%A8nia" title="Altiplà d'Armènia">Altiplà d'Armènia</a>, compartit entre la <a href="/wiki/Prov%C3%ADncia_de_Van" title="Província de Van">Província de Van</a> i la de <a href="/wiki/Prov%C3%ADncia_de_Bitlis" title="Província de Bitlis">Bitlis</a>; la ciutat de <a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">Van</a> es troba a la seva riba oriental. El llac està envoltat per altes muntanyes al sud, altiplans i muntanyes a l'est, i volcans a l'oest,.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El llac Van es troba prop de la frontera iraniana; té característiques comunes amb el <a href="/wiki/Llac_Urmia" title="Llac Urmia">Llac Urmia</a> (salinitat, clima, zona d'alta muntanya <a href="/wiki/Endorreisme" title="Endorreisme">endorreica</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Té <span style="white-space:nowrap">120 km</span> de llarg, <span style="white-space:nowrap">80 km</span> d'amplada i <span style="white-space:nowrap">171 m</span> de profunditat de mitjana, <span style="white-space:nowrap">451 m</span> com a màxim. La seva superfície és de <span style="white-space:nowrap">3.755 km²</span> i la seva altitud és de <span style="white-space:nowrap">1.640 m</span>. Juntament amb el el <a href="/wiki/Llac_Sevan" title="Llac Sevan">llac Sevan</a> i el llac Urmia, és un dels tres grans llacs de l'antic <a href="/wiki/Regne_d%27Arm%C3%A8nia_(antiguitat)" title="Regne d'Armènia (antiguitat)">regne d'Armènia</a>, anomenat el "mar d'Armènia". El llac de Van és el llac més gran de Turquia i el segon més gran de l'Orient Mitjà.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> També és el llac alcalí més gran de la Terra.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El llac Van es troba a la zona sísmica més important de Turquia (que s'estén des del <a href="/wiki/Mar_de_M%C3%A0rmara" title="Mar de Màrmara">mar de Màrmara</a> fins al llac de Van). El risc sísmic és doncs alt.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El llac està envoltat de zones <a href="/wiki/Agricultura" title="Agricultura">agrícoles</a> productores de <a href="/wiki/Fruita" title="Fruita">fruits</a> i <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">cereals</a>. </p><p>El llac té quatre illes: Gadir (al nord), Çarpanak (a l'est) i <a href="/wiki/Akdamar_Adas%C4%B1" title="Akdamar Adası">Akdamar Adası</a> i Atrek (al sud).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Akdamar">Akdamar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Akdamar"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> A la part sud del llac, al municipi de Gevaș (a <span style="white-space:nowrap">44 km</span> de Van, als peus del mont Artos), l'illa es troba al mig del llac, entre <span style="white-space:nowrap">1.500</span> i <span style="white-space:nowrap">2.000 m</span> de la riba. Els ferris motoritzats operen per als turistes. L'illa està deserta i gaudeix d'un <a href="/wiki/Microclima" title="Microclima">microclima</a> (la temperatura del llac és de lenta variació), dotant-la d'una vegetació arbustiva i floral que comença abans que les altres a la primavera. L'illa va ser durant un temps la seu del regne <a href="/wiki/Arm%C3%A8nia" title="Armènia">armeni</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Artsrun%C3%AD" title="Artsruní">Artsruní</a> de <a href="/wiki/Vaspurakan" title="Vaspurakan">Vaspurakan</a>, aleshores un centre de culte per a la formació del clergat cristià així com la seu d'un catolicossat.</p><center><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Vue_du_lac_de_Van.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vista del llac al voltant de l'illa"><img alt="Vista del llac al voltant de l'illa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Vue_du_lac_de_Van.jpg/120px-Vue_du_lac_de_Van.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Vue_du_lac_de_Van.jpg/180px-Vue_du_lac_de_Van.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Vue_du_lac_de_Van.jpg/240px-Vue_du_lac_de_Van.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1442" data-file-height="982" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Vista del llac al voltant de l'illa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Le_lac_de_Van_vu_de_l%27%C3%AFle_d%27Adhamar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="El llac vist des de l'illa"><img alt="El llac vist des de l'illa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Le_lac_de_Van_vu_de_l%27%C3%AFle_d%27Adhamar.jpg/120px-Le_lac_de_Van_vu_de_l%27%C3%AFle_d%27Adhamar.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Le_lac_de_Van_vu_de_l%27%C3%AFle_d%27Adhamar.jpg/180px-Le_lac_de_Van_vu_de_l%27%C3%AFle_d%27Adhamar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Le_lac_de_Van_vu_de_l%27%C3%AFle_d%27Adhamar.jpg/240px-Le_lac_de_Van_vu_de_l%27%C3%AFle_d%27Adhamar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1487" data-file-height="976" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">El llac vist des de l'illa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Vue_du_lac_de_Van_du_ferry-boat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="El llac vist des del ferri"><img alt="El llac vist des del ferri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Vue_du_lac_de_Van_du_ferry-boat.jpg/120px-Vue_du_lac_de_Van_du_ferry-boat.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Vue_du_lac_de_Van_du_ferry-boat.jpg/180px-Vue_du_lac_de_Van_du_ferry-boat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Vue_du_lac_de_Van_du_ferry-boat.jpg/240px-Vue_du_lac_de_Van_du_ferry-boat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1458" data-file-height="955" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">El llac vist des del ferri</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:VAN-_mon-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vista d'altitud del llac i l'estany de Van"><img alt="Vista d'altitud del llac i l'estany de Van" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/VAN-_mon-001.jpg/120px-VAN-_mon-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/VAN-_mon-001.jpg/180px-VAN-_mon-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/VAN-_mon-001.jpg/240px-VAN-_mon-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1519" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Vista d'altitud del llac i l'estany de Van</div> </li> </ul></center><p> L'únic monument és l'església armènia de la Santa Creu d'Aghtamar, acabada a principis del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xx</span> sota el regnat del rei armeni Gagik I de Vaspurakan, per l'arquitecte Monjo Manvel.</p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:L%27%C3%A9glise_de_l%27%C3%AEle_d%27Adhamar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="L'Església"><img alt="L'Església" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/L%27%C3%A9glise_de_l%27%C3%AEle_d%27Adhamar.jpg/77px-L%27%C3%A9glise_de_l%27%C3%AEle_d%27Adhamar.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/L%27%C3%A9glise_de_l%27%C3%AEle_d%27Adhamar.jpg/116px-L%27%C3%A9glise_de_l%27%C3%AEle_d%27Adhamar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/L%27%C3%A9glise_de_l%27%C3%AEle_d%27Adhamar.jpg/155px-L%27%C3%A9glise_de_l%27%C3%AEle_d%27Adhamar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="688" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">L'Església</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Van-akdam_(6).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Campanar"><img alt="Campanar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Van-akdam_%286%29.jpg/120px-Van-akdam_%286%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Van-akdam_%286%29.jpg/180px-Van-akdam_%286%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Van-akdam_%286%29.jpg/240px-Van-akdam_%286%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Campanar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Van-akdam_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Absis"><img alt="Absis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Van-akdam_%283%29.jpg/120px-Van-akdam_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Van-akdam_%283%29.jpg/180px-Van-akdam_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Van-akdam_%283%29.jpg/240px-Van-akdam_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Absis</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Van-akdam_(7).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Façana"><img alt="Façana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Van-akdam_%287%29.jpg/86px-Van-akdam_%287%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Van-akdam_%287%29.jpg/130px-Van-akdam_%287%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Van-akdam_%287%29.jpg/173px-Van-akdam_%287%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Façana</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fortalesa_de_Van">Fortalesa de Van</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Fortalesa de Van"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Van_kalesi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Van_kalesi.jpg/220px-Van_kalesi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Van_kalesi.jpg/330px-Van_kalesi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Van_kalesi.jpg/440px-Van_kalesi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1537" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Fortalesa de Van.</figcaption></figure> <p>Fortalesa situada a la riba oriental del llac Van, estava situada prop de <a href="/wiki/Tuixpa" title="Tuixpa">Tushpa</a>, la capital del regne d'<a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a> (segles <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">ix</span> a <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">vii</span> aC). Aquesta fortificació es va construir en aquella època. Després va passar a mans dels armenis, romans, perses aquemènides i sassànides, àrabs, seljúcides, otomans i russos. Hi ha una inscripció atribuïda a <a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I_de_P%C3%A8rsia" title="Xerxes I de Pèrsia">Xerxes I de Pèrsia</a>, rei de la Pèrsia aquemènida, que data del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">v</span> aC. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hidrologia">Hidrologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Hidrologia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Es tracta d'un llac alcalí i <a href="/wiki/Llac_salat" title="Llac salat">salat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Endorreisme" title="Endorreisme">endorreic</a> que rep l'aigua de molts petits rierols que baixen de les muntanyes circumdants. </p><p>La seva aigua és, doncs, fortament <a href="/wiki/%C3%80lcali" title="Àlcali">alcalina</a> (pH de 10)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i salada (salinitat de 23 g/kg).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Són rics en <a href="/wiki/Carbonat_de_sodi" title="Carbonat de sodi">carbonat de sodi</a> i altres <a href="/wiki/Sal_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Sal (química)">sals</a>, que s'extreuen per evaporació i s'utilitzen com a <a href="/wiki/Detergent" title="Detergent">detergents</a>. Això retarda el desenvolupament del gel a la seva superfície durant l'hivern.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'aigua del llac es congela amb dificultat,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> malgrat els hiverns frígids propis de l'Anatòlia interior.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'aigua no és potable i no és apta per al reg.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Només hi viuen dues espècies endèmiques de peixos. </p><p>El llac rep entre 300 i 400 mm de precipitació a l'any.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El nivell de l'aigua ha canviat molt al llarg de la història del llac Van a causa del canvi climàtic, les erupcions volcàniques i l'activitat tectònica.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es poden observar a les terrasses de la riba sud a 110 m per sobre del nivell actual de l'estany i rastres d'erosió de la pedra que mostren que el nivell de l'aigua ha estat històricament més alt que l'actual.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medi_ambient,_fauna_i_flora"><span id="Medi_ambient.2C_fauna_i_flora"></span>Medi ambient, fauna i flora</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Medi ambient, fauna i flora"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'altiplà d'Anatòlia es caracteritza per tenir hiverns durs i estius molt secs. Hi ha vents forts i secs i calamarsa. Aquest entorn ha permès el desenvolupament de la flora estepària al voltant del llac Van. </p><p>La vegetació hi és força rica, però els exemplars més rars s'amaguen als penya-segats i escletxes que els protegeixen del mal temps i els proporcionen un reg òptim.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La flora del llac Van ha estat objecte de diversos estudis per part dels botànics. </p><p>Els sediments del llac s'han utilitzat per estudiar el canvi climàtic que s'ha produït a la zona.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El llac Van acull el dipòsit més gran de microbialita, dipòsit sedimentari rocós o bentònic format per fang carbonatat que es forma a través dels microbis al món.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La conca endorreica de l'estany, formada pels rierols que l'alimenten, acull diverses espècies de peixos, la majoria <a href="/wiki/Endemisme" title="Endemisme">endèmiques</a>. Tanmateix, hi ha poblacions introduïdes, com la <a href="/wiki/Truita_arc_de_Sant_Mart%C3%AD" title="Truita arc de Sant Martí">truita arc de Sant Martí</a> d'Amèrica del Nord o la <a href="/wiki/Truita_comuna" title="Truita comuna">truita comuna</a> d'Europa, ambdues observades al Sapur, un curs d'aigua que alimenta el llac des del sud-oest.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Les seves respectives introduccions accidentals estan vinculades amb el desenvolupament de la piscicultura a la regió. Tanmateix, aquestes dues espècies no conviuen i ocupen porcions diferents del Sapur: la truita bruna viu a la part alta de la riera, a uns 5 km de la seva desembocadura a l'estany; La truita arc de Sant Martí viu a la seva porció intermèdia, entre 1 i 3 km.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Algunes espècies d'<a href="/wiki/Alburnus" title="Alburnus">alburnus</a> són endèmiques de la conca del llac Van, com ara l'<a href="/wiki/Alburnus_tarichi" title="Alburnus tarichi">alburnus tarichi</a> o el seu cosí <i>alburnus timarensis</i>. Mentre que l'<i>alburnus timarensis</i> només es troba a les aigües corrents del riu Karasu, un afluent del llac, el tarichi és present a tots els rierols de la conca.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Si el llac és l'hàbitat principal del tarichi, migra cap a aquests rius per desovar entre principis de maig i mitjans de juny; després es troba, a Karasu, en <a href="/wiki/Simpatria" title="Simpatria">simpatria</a> amb l'<i>alburnus timarensis</i>, les dues espècies que cohabiten en els primers 20 quilòmetres del riu.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De la mateixa manera, durant aquest període, trobem el tarichi al primer quilòmetre del Sapur. La seva zona de distribució s'atura llavors allà en contacte amb la de la truita arc de Sant Martí, sense que se sàpiga si aquest límit es deu a la presència d'aquest peix carnívor o a la contaminació del curs d'aigua per part d'un escorxador proper.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El tarichi és l'única espècie autòctona present al Sapur.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A la resta de rius de la conca es troben poblacions d'altres tres espècies autòctones: dos <a href="/wiki/Cipr%C3%ADnids" title="Ciprínids">ciprínids</a> (<i>barbus lacerta</i> i <i>capoeta damascina)</i> i una lliga de pedra, <i>Oxynoemacheilus ercisianus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El llac Van en si no és propici per a espècies de peixos; el darekh ha estat considerat durant molt de temps l'únic peix de la conca capaç de viure a les seves aigües salobres. Tanmateix, també s'hi va descobrir una població d'<i>oxynoemacheilus ercisianus</i> el 2018 ,.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aïllats de les poblacions presents als rius de la conca, els seus individus sembla que hi visquin permanentment. Presenten, així, un cert grau d'adaptació a la vida lacustre, situant-se les seves aletes més enrere que en els seus congèneres dels rius de la conca.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es troben a les cavitats poroses de la microbialita, dins d'estructures semblants a torres de diversos metres d'alçada. Observats en nombre molt més gran durant la nit, aquests individus semblen exhibir activitat principalment nocturna.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A part d'aquests dos peixos, el llac acull 103 espècies de <a href="/wiki/Fitopl%C3%A0ncton" title="Fitoplàncton">fitoplàncton</a> i 36 espècies de <a href="/wiki/Zoopl%C3%A0ncton" title="Zooplàncton">zooplàncton</a>. </p><p>L'entorn del llac és el bressol de la <a href="/wiki/Gat_Van_turc" title="Gat Van turc">Gat Van turc</a> o "gat nadador" que té la particularitat d'estimar l'aigua. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llac_Van&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lake_Van" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lake Van">Llac Van</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFMelvin1991"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Melvin</span>, J.L.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=ZTo-AANipecC&pg=PA361&dq=Lake+Van+turkey&hl=ca&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJ7fuc1InKAhWCWBQKHTAMBvQQ6AEIJDAB#v=onepage&q=Lake%20Van%20turkey&f=false"><i>Evaporites, Petroleum and Mineral Resources</i></a> (en anglès).  Elsevier, 1991, p. 361. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/0080869645" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/0080869645">ISBN 0080869645</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Evaporites%2C+Petroleum+and+Mineral+Resources&rft.aulast=Melvin&rft.aufirst=J.L.&rft.date=1991&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.pages=361&rft.isbn=0080869645&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZTo-AANipecC%26pg%3DPA361%26dq%3DLake%2BVan%2Bturkey%26hl%3Dca%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjJ7fuc1InKAhWCWBQKHTAMBvQQ6AEIJDAB%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DLake%2520Van%2520turkey%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFScolnic2005"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Scolnic</span>, Benjamin Edidin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=1afWPqclgHYC&pg=PA29&dq=Urartu+lake+van&hl=ca&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjUy6Dq2YnKAhXH6RQKHdOoAkAQ6AEIHjAA#v=onepage&q=Urartu%20lake%20van&f=false"><i>If the Egyptians Drowned in the Red Sea where are Pharaoh's Chariots?</i></a> (en anglès).  University Press of America, 2005, p. 29. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/0761831479" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/0761831479">ISBN 0761831479</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=If+the+Egyptians+Drowned+in+the+Red+Sea+where+are+Pharaoh%27s+Chariots%3F&rft.aulast=Scolnic&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+Edidin&rft.date=2005&rft.pub=University+Press+of+America&rft.pages=29&rft.isbn=0761831479&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1afWPqclgHYC%26pg%3DPA29%26dq%3DUrartu%2Blake%2Bvan%26hl%3Dca%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjUy6Dq2YnKAhXH6RQKHdOoAkAQ6AEIHjAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DUrartu%2520lake%2520van%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-figaro_22/11/2017-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-figaro_22/11/2017_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-figaro_22/11/2017_3-1">3,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/culture/2017/11/22/03004-20171122ARTFIG00212-un-chateau-vieux-de-3000-ans-decouvert-dans-un-lac-en-turquie.php">Un château vieux de 3000 ans découvert dans un lac en Turquie</a>». <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro" title="Le Figaro">Le Figaro</a></i>, 22-11-2017 [Consulta: 23 novembre 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-2">4,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livescience.com/61038-real-story-of-ancient-underwater-castle.html">The True Story Behind Turkey's Ancient 'Underwater Castle'</a>» (en anglès). <i>Live Science</i>, 28-11-2017. [Consulta: 29 abril 2019].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1">5,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2">5,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3">5,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-4">5,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-5">5,5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-6">5,6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-7">5,7</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-8">5,8</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Lake-Van">Lake Van | lake, Turkey</a>» (en anglès). <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. [Consulta: 29 abril 2019].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1">6,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-2">6,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFGabert1977"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Gabert</span>, J. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/medit_0025-8296_1977_num_31_4_1762">G. Schweizer, Sur la géomorphologie de l'Anatolie orientale et de l'Iran du nord-ouest</a>». <i>Méditerranée</i>, 31, 4, 1977, pàg. 79–80 [Consulta: 29 abril 2019].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">John Kolars «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/215066">Earthquake-Vulnerable Populations in Modern Turkey</a>» (en anglès). <i>Geographical Review</i>, 72, 1, 1982 [Consulta: 29 abril 2019].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFTomonagaBrennwaldLivingstoneKwiecien2017"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Tomonaga</span>, Yama; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Brennwald</span>, Matthias S.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Livingstone</span>, David M.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Kwiecien</span>, Olga «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-00371-w">Porewater salinity reveals past lake-level changes in Lake Van, the Earth’s largest soda lake</a>» (en anglès). <i>Scientific Reports</i>, 7, 1, 22-03-2017, pàg. 313. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-017-00371-w">10.1038/s41598-017-00371-w</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2045-2322">2045-2322</a> [Consulta: 5 octubre 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-0">9,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-1">9,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-2">9,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFDavis1956"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Davis</span>, P. H. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1790844">Lake Van and Turkish Kurdistan: A Botanical Journey</a>» (en anglès). <i>The Geographical Journal</i>, 122, 2, 1956, pàg. 156–165. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1790844">10.2307/1790844</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0016-7398">0016-7398</a> [Consulta: 29 abril 2019].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFWickLemckeSturm2003"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Wick</span>, Lucia; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Lemcke</span>, Genry; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Sturm</span>, Michael «Evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene climatic change and human impact in eastern Anatolia: high-resolution pollen, charcoal, isotopic and geochemical records from the laminated sediments of Lake Van, Turkey» (en anglès). <i>The Holocene</i>, 13, 5, 7-2003, pàg. 665–675. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1191%2F0959683603hl653rp">10.1191/0959683603hl653rp</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0959-6836">0959-6836</a> [Consulta: 29 abril 2019].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/92591/lake-van-turkey">Lake Van, Turkey</a>» (en anglès). <i>earthobservatory.nasa.gov</i>, 10-08-2018. [Consulta: 29 abril 2019].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-0">12,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-1">12,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-2">12,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_12-3">12,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFKaya2020"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Kaya</span>, Cüneyt «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jaes/issue/56703/777575">The First Record and Origin of Salmo trutta Populations Established in the Upper Tigris River and Lake Van Basin, Eastern Anatolia (Teleostei: Salmonidae)</a>» (en anglès). <i>Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences</i>, 5, 3, 30-09-2020, pàg. 366–372. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.35229%2Fjaes.777575">10.35229/jaes.777575</a> [Consulta: 8 maig 2022].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-0">13,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-1">13,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFElpÖzuluğŞenFreyhof2013"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Elp</span>, Mahmut; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Özuluğ</span>, Müfit; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Şen</span>, Fazıl; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Freyhof</span>, Jörg «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09397140.2013.841430">Validation of Alburnus timarensis from the Lake Van basin, eastern Anatolia (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)</a>» (en anglès). <i>Zoology in the Middle East</i>, 59, 3, 9-2013, pàg. 235–244. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F09397140.2013.841430">10.1080/09397140.2013.841430</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0939-7140">0939-7140</a> [Consulta: 8 maig 2022].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-0">14,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-1">14,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-2">14,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:6_14-3">14,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFAkkuşSarıEkmekçiYoğurtçuoğlu2021"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Akkuş</span>, Mustafa; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Sarı</span>, Mustafa; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Ekmekçi</span>, F. Güler; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Yoğurtçuoğlu</span>, Baran «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.62120">The discovery of a microbialite-associated freshwater fish in the world’s largest saline soda lake, Lake Van (Turkey)</a>» (en anglès). <i>Zoosystematics and Evolution</i>, 97, 1, 16-03-2021, pàg. 181–189. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3897%2Fzse.97.62120">10.3897/zse.97.62120</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1860-0743">1860-0743</a> [Consulta: 8 maig 2022].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122366475">1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4078735-7">1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF">VIAF</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/en/viaf/237712718">1</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bases d'informació</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GEC" class="mw-redirect" title="GEC">GEC</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/llac-de-van">1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OSM</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/36995">1</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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