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Trachy (coin) - Wikipedia

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mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachy_(moneda)" title="Trachy (moneda) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Trachy (moneda)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspron_trachy" title="Aspron trachy – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aspron trachy" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traqueia_(moeda)" title="Traqueia (moeda) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Traqueia (moeda)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trachy_(currency)&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachy (currency)">Trachy (currency)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of Byzantine coin</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies largely or entirely on a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source" title="Wikipedia:Articles with a single source">single source</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Trachy_(coin)##" title="Talk:Trachy (coin)">talk page</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trachy_(coin)&amp;action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">introducing citations to additional sources</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Trachy%22+coin">"Trachy"&#160;coin</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Trachy%22+coin+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Trachy%22+coin&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Trachy%22+coin+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Trachy%22+coin">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Trachy%22+coin&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mangaphas_Aspron_Trachy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Mangaphas_Aspron_Trachy.jpg/250px-Mangaphas_Aspron_Trachy.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Mangaphas_Aspron_Trachy.jpg/375px-Mangaphas_Aspron_Trachy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Mangaphas_Aspron_Trachy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="244" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Aspron" title="Aspron">Aspron</a></i> <i>trachy</i> minted by the usurper <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Mankaphas" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Mankaphas">Theodore Mankaphas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The term <i><b>trachy</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">τραχύ</span>), plural <i><b>trachea</b></i> (τραχέα), meaning "rough" or "uneven", was used to describe the cup-shaped (incorrectly often called "<a href="/wiki/Scyphate" title="Scyphate">scyphate</a>") <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_coins" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine coins">Byzantine coins</a> struck in the 11th–14th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEODB&quot;Trachy&quot;_(Ph._Grierson),_p._2101_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEODB&quot;Trachy&quot;_(Ph._Grierson),_p._2101-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The term was properly applied to coins of <a href="/wiki/Electrum" title="Electrum">electrum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billon_(alloy)" title="Billon (alloy)">billon</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, and not to the gold <i><a href="/wiki/Hyperpyra" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperpyra">hyperpyra</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEODB&quot;Trachy&quot;_(Ph._Grierson),_p._2101_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEODB&quot;Trachy&quot;_(Ph._Grierson),_p._2101-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the short lifespan of the feudal <a href="/wiki/Crusader_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusader state">Crusader state</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Empire_of_Constantinople" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Empire of Constantinople">Latin Empire of Constantinople</a> (1204–1261) also used the trachy.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trachy_(coin)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEODB&quot;Trachy&quot;_(Ph._Grierson),_p._2101-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEODB&quot;Trachy&quot;_(Ph._Grierson),_p._2101_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEODB&quot;Trachy&quot;_(Ph._Grierson),_p._2101_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFODB">ODB</a>, "Trachy" (Ph. Grierson), p. 2101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forumancientcoins.com/catalog/roman-and-greek-coins.asp?vpar=1090">"Latin Rule, 12 April 1204 - 25 July 1261 A.D."</a> <i>Coins and Antiquities Consignment Shop</i>. Forum Ancient Coins<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Coins+and+Antiquities+Consignment+Shop&amp;rft.atitle=Latin+Rule%2C+12+April+1204+-+25+July+1261+A.D.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forumancientcoins.com%2Fcatalog%2Froman-and-greek-coins.asp%3Fvpar%3D1090&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrachy+%28coin%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trachy_(coin)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFODB" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander</a>, ed. (1991). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" class="mw-redirect" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i>. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6"><bdi>978-0-19-504652-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&amp;rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-504652-6&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrachy+%28coin%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar 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title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First period<br />(498 – ca. 700)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Gold</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Solidus_(coin)" title="Solidus (coin)">Solidus</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Semis" title="Semis">Semissis</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Tremissis" title="Tremissis">Tremissis</a></i></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Silver</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hexagram_(currency)" title="Hexagram (currency)">Hexagram</a> (from 615)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Copper</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Follis" title="Follis">Follis</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Follis" title="Follis">Half-<i>follis</i></a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Nummus" title="Nummus">Decanummium</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Nummus" title="Nummus">Pentanummium</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Nummus" title="Nummus">Nummus</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second period<br />(ca. 700 – 1092)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Gold</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Solidus_(coin)" title="Solidus (coin)">Solidus</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Nomisma" title="Nomisma">Nomisma</a></i> (later <i><a href="/wiki/Histamenon" title="Histamenon">Histamenon</a></i>)</dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Tetarteron#Gold_coin" title="Tetarteron">Tetarteron</a></i> (from 960s)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Silver</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Miliaresion" title="Miliaresion">Miliaresion</a></i> (from 720)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Copper</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Follis" title="Follis">Follis</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third period<br />(1092 – ca. 1300)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Gold</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Hyperpyron" title="Hyperpyron">Hyperpyron</a></i></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Electrum</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Trachy_(currency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachy (currency)">Nomisma trachy</a></i> <i><a href="/wiki/Aspron" title="Aspron">aspron</a></i> (<i>Trikephalon/Manouelaton</i>)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Billon</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Aspron" title="Aspron">aspron</a></i> <i><a href="/wiki/Trachy_(currency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachy (currency)">trachy</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Histamenon" title="Histamenon">Stamenon</a></i>)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Copper</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Tetarteron#Copper_coin" title="Tetarteron">Tetarteron</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tetarteron#Copper_coin" title="Tetarteron">Half-<i>tetarteron</i></a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fourth period<br />(ca. 1300 – 1350s)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Gold</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Hyperpyron" title="Hyperpyron">Hyperpyron</a></i></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Silver</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Basilikon" title="Basilikon">Basilikon</a></i></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Billon</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Tornesel" title="Tornesel">Tournesion</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Politikon" title="Politikon">Politikon</a></i>)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Copper</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Trachy_(currency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachy (currency)">Trachy</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/As_(Roman_coin)#Byzantine_coinage" title="As (Roman coin)">Assarion</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fifth period<br />(1367 – 1453)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Silver</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Stavraton" title="Stavraton">Stavraton</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stavraton" title="Stavraton">Half-<i>stavraton</i></a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Stavraton" title="Stavraton">Doukatopoulon</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Aspron" title="Aspron">Aspron</a></i>)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Copper</span></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Tornesel" title="Tornesel">Tournesion</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Follis" title="Follis">Follaro</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_economy" title="Byzantine economy">Byzantine economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_mints" title="Byzantine mints">Byzantine mints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scyphate" title="Scyphate">Scyphate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Byzantine_Empire" title="Portal:Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire Portal</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Numismatics" title="Portal:Numismatics">Numismatics Portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox 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