CINXE.COM

SelectedWorks Guide for Authors - Digital Commons

<!-- ## ## ######## ## ######## ## ## ## #### ###### ######## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ######### ###### ## ######## ## ## ## ## ## ###### ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ######## ######## ## ###### ####### #### ###### ######## Powered by Helpjuice (https://www.helpjuice.com): The Ultimate Knowledge Base Solution --> <!DOCTYPE html> <html class="no-js" lang="en_US"> <head> <meta name="og:image" content="" /> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice start for digitalcommons.elsevier.com --> <script type="text/javascript" src=https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/3e3849ff-03c5-4738-a9e1-26d23e4f1f5d/OtAutoBlock.js ></script> <script src=https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="3e3849ff-03c5-4738-a9e1-26d23e4f1f5d" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice end for digitalcommons.elsevier.com --> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"56aae830c8","applicationID":"15354177","transactionName":"JllXTUtXClVdF00NCwpBVVxdXwNmWgQRA0oOWFZOVV0CXl1KEQ4KEg==","queueTime":2,"applicationTime":205,"agent":""}</script> <script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"56aae830c8",applicationID:"15354177"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/*" href="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/customization_request/file/15882/14612/elsevier-favicon.png" /> <title>SelectedWorks Guide for Authors - Digital Commons</title> <meta name="description" content="Expert Gallery Suite will be retired in December 2024. For details, please visit Expert Gallery Suite Retirement: FAQs.   SelectedWorks offers clear naviga" /> <!-- Facebook Open Graph data --> <meta property="og:title" content="SelectedWorks Guide for Authors" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://digitalcommons.elsevier.com/egs-authors/selectedworks-guide-for-authors" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Expert Gallery Suite will be retired in December 2024. For details, please visit Expert Gallery Suite Retirement: FAQs.   SelectedWorks offers clear naviga" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Digital Commons" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/customization_request/file/15882/14612/elsevier-favicon.png" /> <!-- Twitter Card data --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="SelectedWorks Guide for Authors"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Expert Gallery Suite will be retired in December 2024. For details, please visit Expert Gallery Suite Retirement: FAQs.   SelectedWorks offers clear naviga"> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://digitalcommons.elsevier.comhttps://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475440/1694504424044-cs-egsreference_authorguide-edit_buttons.png"> <script> window.disableAutoAccordionToggle = true; </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/assets.helpjuice.com/fontawesome/css/all.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://helpjuice-static.s3.amazonaws.com/assets.helpjuice.com/country-flags/flags.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.18.3/styles/foundation.min.css" integrity="sha512-6wXxZrYQz15y9/7Een4KL2jaVIgDue52ESMiNNa5nk2OGBp0e4JhsFiyNXdMI4Oe269AaoqkA3wGI9kL4gBRKQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/feedbacks.css"> <script src="/feedbacks.js" defer></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/knowledgebase.css"> <script src="/knowledgebase.js" defer></script> <link href="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/account/15882/main_css_15882-3785e6b5bc5a8adec84d4385564d53a8cca88d87915a8641272c3f0202264ea2.css" media="all" rel="stylesheet" /> <script> if(window.location.origin.includes('helpjuice.com')) window.location.href ="https://digitalcommons.elsevier.com"+ window.location.pathname </script> <meta name="question-id" content="2190787"><meta name="category-id" content="493507"><meta name="flow-id" content=""><meta name="current-language" content="en_US"><meta name="knowledge-base-url" content="https://digitalcommons.elsevier.com/?kb_language=en_US"><meta name="current-user-id" content=""><meta name="ignore-users-analytics" content="false"><meta name="reading-timeout" content="10000"><meta name="account-subdirectory-prefix" content=""><meta name="current-account-id" content="15882"><meta name="account-subdomain" content="digitalcommons"><meta name="helpjuice-knowledge-base-url" content="https://digitalcommons.helpjuice.com/"></head> <body class="scientia-theme question_page"> <!--START_COMPONENT_MAIN_HEADER_NAVIGATION--> <header id="main-header" class="header" data-helpjuice-component="Main Header Navigation" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Navigation Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="two-col-layout" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Support Navigation" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="column-left" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Left Column Help Center" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <a href="/" class="logo" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3631841/1699915754924-Mode_Light__Format_Vertical__Size_L%2B1.png" alt="Digital Commons's logos" width="60px" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header Left Column Logo Image" data-helpjuice-attributes="image,visibility"> Digital Commons Help Center</a> </div> <div class="column-right" data-helpjuice-element="Header Right Column Menu" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <a href="#" class="open-user-nav" data-helpjuice-element="Open User Navigation Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="far fa-bars" data-helpjuice-element="User Navigation Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a> <nav class="user-nav" data-helpjuice-element="User Navigation Menu" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <header data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Right Column Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <a href="/" class="nav-logo" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header User Nav Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><span class="altLogo" data-helpjuice-element="Alt Logo Span In User Nav Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"></span></a> <a href="#" class="close-user-nav" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Close Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="far fa-times" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Close Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a> </header> <ul class="nav-list" data-helpjuice-element="User Navigation Menu 1" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <li class="nav-list-item has-children"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="nav-list-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Product Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Products</a> <ul class="sub-menu-list" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Sub Menu List" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <li class="sub-menu-item"> <a href="/en_US/digital-commons-ir" class="sub-menu-link" title="Digital Commons IR" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Sub Menu Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Digital Commons IR</a> </li> <li class="sub-menu-item"> <a href="/en_US/digital-commons-exhibits" class="sub-menu-link" title="Digital Commons Exhibits" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Sub Menu Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Digital Commons Exhibits</a> </li> <li class="sub-menu-item"> <a href="/en_US/digital-commons-journals" class="sub-menu-link" title="Digital Commons Journals" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Sub Menu Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Digital Commons Journals</a> </li> <li class="sub-menu-item"> <a href="/en_US/digital-commons-data" class="sub-menu-link" title="Digital Commons Data" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Sub Menu Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Digital Commons Data</a> </li> <li class="sub-menu-item"> <a href="/en_US/expert-gallery-suite" class="sub-menu-link" title="Expert Gallery Suite" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Sub Menu Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Expert Gallery Suite</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-list-item has-children"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="nav-list-link" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Resources Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu-list" data-helpjuice-element="User Navigation Sub Menu" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <li class="sub-menu-item"> <a href="/en_US/announcements" class="sub-menu-link" title="Announcements" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Right Column Sub Menu Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Announcements</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.brighttalk.com/channel/17728/" class="sub-menu-link" title="Webinars" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Webinars Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Webinars</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://psp.elsevier.com/productsupportportal/s/" class="sub-menu-link" title="Client Community" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Client Community Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Client Community Portal</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://psp.elsevier.com/productsupportportal/s/" class="sub-menu-link" title="Submit a Support Case" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-helpjuice-element="Submit Support Case Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Submit a Support Case</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://psp.elsevier.com/productsupportportal/s/" class="sub-menu-link" title="My Cases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav My Cases Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">My Cases</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/digital-commons/" class="sub-menu-link" title="DC Products Overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-helpjuice-element="User Nav Products Overview Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Products Overview</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/en_US/status" class="nav-list-link" title="Status" data-helpjuice-element="User Status Nav Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Status</a></li> <li class="nav-list-item"><a href="/en_US/contact-us" class="nav-list-link" title="Contact Us" data-helpjuice-element="Main Header User Nav Contact Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> <!--END_COMPONENT_MAIN_HEADER_NAVIGATION--> <main id="main-content" class="article-content"> <!--START_COMPONENT_BREADCRUMB_NAVIGATION_LIST--> <ul class="breadcrumbs" data-helpjuice-component="Breadcrumb Navigation List" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Home Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <li><a href="/" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Home Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/expert-gallery-suite" class="item" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Item Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Expert Gallery Suite</a></li> <li><a href="/en_US/egs-authors" class="item" data-helpjuice-element="Breadcrumb Item Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Authors</a></li> </div> </ul> <!--END_COMPONENT_BREADCRUMB_NAVIGATION_LIST--> <!--START_COMPONENT_HELP_AND_CONTACT_SECTION--> <section class="search-section" data-helpjuice-component="Help And Contact Section" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Search Section Help Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <h1 data-helpjuice-element="Search Section Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">How Can We Help?</h1> <div class="search-form" autocomplete="off"> <div class="search-block"> <select id="category-select"> <option value="0" title="All Documentation">All Documentation</option> <option value="488431" title="Digital Commons IR">Digital Commons IR</option> <option value="488432" title="Digital Commons Exhibits">Digital Commons Exhibits</option> <option value="488440" title="Digital Commons Journals">Digital Commons Journals</option> <option value="488441" title="Digital Commons Data">Digital Commons Data</option> <option value="488443" title="Expert Gallery Suite">Expert Gallery Suite</option> <option value="493222" title="Announcements">Announcements</option> </select> <input id="search" type="search" placeholder="Search" autocomplete="off"> <i class="far fa-search"></i> <span class="close-search"><i class="far fa-times"></i></span> </div> <article id="search_results" style="display: none;"> <div id="results"> <div class="page_title"> <h4 class="intro center">Search Results</h4> <p class="result-nr"></p> </div> <ul class="list search-results"> <!-- load search results here --> </ul> </div> <div id="no-results" class="hidden"> <div class="no-results-wrap js_equalise_is_landing"> <!-- if no results found => show contact form --> <div class="contact"> <h4 class="intro">Contact Us</h4> <p>If you still have questions or prefer to get help directly from an agent, please submit a request. <br>We’ll get back to you as soon as possible.</p> <a href="/contact-us" class="btn btn-primary">Contact us</a> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </section> <!--END_COMPONENT_HELP_AND_CONTACT_SECTION--> <div id="page_content"> <!--START_COMPONENT_ARTICLE_FEEDBACK_AND_DOWNLOAD_SECTION--> <section data-helpjuice-component="Article Feedback And Download Section" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Section Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <main class="article-content" data-controller="feedbacks" data-feedbacks-load-form-value="/admin/feedbacks/comments/new?question_id=2190787" data-helpjuice-element="Article Content Main Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <h1 data-helpjuice-element="Article Content Title" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">SelectedWorks Guide for Authors<span class="visually-hidden" data-helpjuice-element="Article Header Hidden Text" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">SelectedWorks Guide for Authors</span></h1> <article class="fr-view" data-id="488443" data-action="mouseup->feedbacks#update" data-controller="glossary" data-glossary-url-value="/glossary_terms.json" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="helpjuice-editor-content" tabindex="0" data-helpjuice-element="Helpjuice Article Editor Content" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="helpjuice-article-body-content helpjuice-editor-content"><div><div><div><div><div><div> <div class="helpjuice-callout warning"> <div class="helpjuice-callout-body"><p>Expert Gallery Suite will be retired in December 2024. For details, please visit <a href="/expert-gallery-suite/expert-gallery-suite-retirement-faqs">Expert Gallery Suite Retirement: FAQs</a>.</p></div> <div class="helpjuice-callout-delete"> </div> </div> <p>SelectedWorks offers clear navigation and a responsive layout to engage visitors with the full range of your scholarship, from teaching materials to streaming video and audio. This author guide covers the basics in creating and managing a SelectedWorks profile.</p> </div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div> <div><div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion" data-controller="editor--toggle-element"> <h2 class="helpjuice-accordion-title">Build Your SelectedWorks Profile: Three Easy Steps</h2> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-body active" data-editor--toggle-element-target="body"> <p><strong>Create an Account</strong></p> <ol> <li>Go to <a href="http://works.bepress.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://works.bepress.com</a>, click on the <i><strong>Menu</strong></i> link</li> <li>Click <i><strong>Sign Up</strong></i> (or <i><strong>Login</strong></i> if you already have an account)</li> <li>Complete the form and click <i><strong>Create Account</strong></i> </li> <li>Click the <i><strong>Confirm Account</strong></i> button in the confirmation email</li> </ol> <p><strong>Build Your Profile</strong></p> <ol> <li>Once logged in, on the <i><strong>Build your SelectedWorks</strong></i> prompt, choose a <i><strong>URL</strong></i> (note—it cannot be revised afterward)</li> <li>Choose up to three research disciplines</li> <li>Enter your institution, organization, position, and position title</li> <li>Check mark the box next to <i><strong>I agree with the Terms of Service</strong></i> </li> <li>Click <i><strong>Create Profile</strong></i> </li> </ol> <p>Congratulations, you now have a profile!</p> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-toggle"> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-delete"> </div> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion" data-controller="editor--toggle-element"> <h2 class="helpjuice-accordion-title">Customizing Your Profile</h2> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-body active" data-editor--toggle-element-target="body"> <p><strong>Profile Introduction</strong></p> <p>Acquaint visitors to your site by adding a descriptive summary of you and your research. Simple editorial icons provide inline editing throughout, allowing you to easily access each section to quickly add, modify, or remove content:</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475440/1694504424044-cs-egsreference_authorguide-edit_buttons.png"></p> <ol> <li>Hover your cursor over the introductory section to reveal the blue pen icon.</li> <li>Click on the icon to add your intro text. Basic formatting options, including bold, italicize, and hyperlinks, are available.</li> <li>Click <i><strong>Save</strong></i>.</li> </ol> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475439/1694504408362-cs-egsreference_authorguide_customize_edlin_profile.png"></p> <p><strong>Memberships and Contact Button</strong></p> <p>For profiles at Expert Gallery Suite (EGS) subscriber institutions, we offer <i><strong>Media Contact</strong></i>, <i><strong>Collaborator</strong></i>, and <i><strong>Mentor</strong></i> membership badges.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475436/1694504387610-cs-egsreference_authorguide_membership_buttons.png"></p> <p>When enabled, badges appear on select profiles and link directly to the institution’s Expert Gallery.</p> <p><i><strong>Contact</strong></i> buttons make is easy to connect authors and researchers with opportunities, and are available based on institutional settings. Badges and contact button settings are managed by an institutional administrator. To learn more, please see <a href="/egs-administrators/managing-memberships-and-contact-buttons">Managing Memberships and Contact Buttons</a>.</p> <p><strong>Add Your Biographical Information</strong></p> <ol> <li>Click on the <i><strong>About</strong></i> tab</li> <li>Hover your cursor above a section to reveal icons to help you edit your profile</li> <li>Enter information as you would like it displayed—no coding skills required</li> </ol> <p>While all sections appear to you while logged into your account, only the completed sections will display publicly.</p> <p><i><strong>Tip</strong></i><strong> on Positions:</strong></p> <p>Some authors have multiple positions. To affiliate your profile with your primary position, check the box <i><strong>Affiliate my profile with this Institution</strong></i>. If your institution has a SelectedWorks account, affiliating your profile will also enable institutional colors and logo onto your site.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475435/1694504373590-cs-egsreference_authorguide-positions.png"></p> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-toggle"> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-delete"> </div> </div> </div></div> <div><div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion" data-controller="editor--toggle-element"> <h2 class="helpjuice-accordion-title">Adding Works</h2> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-body active" data-editor--toggle-element-target="body"><div><div> <p>Easily add work to your profile by <i><strong>uploading a file</strong></i>, <i><strong>adding a link</strong></i>, <i><strong>adding metadata</strong></i>, <i><strong>importing works</strong></i>, and selecting from your <i><strong>My SW Drive</strong></i>.</p> <p><strong>Adding Your Work</strong></p> <ol> <li>Click on the <i><strong>Works</strong></i> link on your profile</li> <li>Click <i><strong>Add Work</strong></i> to select your option (outlined below)</li> </ol> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475434/1694504355449-cs-egsreference_authorguide-add_work.png"></p> <p><strong>Upload a File</strong></p> <p>To add a file from your computer or from another online source, including Dropbox, Google Drive, and OneDrive, choose <i><strong>Upload a File</strong></i>.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475433/1694504341129-cs-egsreference_authorguide-choose_files.png"></p> <p>Follow the prompts to select a <i><strong>Type of Work</strong></i> that matches your file, complete all applicable fields on the <i><strong>Details</strong></i> page (required field marked with a red <strong>*</strong> asterisk), and click <i><strong>Add to Profile.</strong></i></p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475432/1694504325882-cs-egsreference_authorguide-aaron_article_detail.png"></p> <div class="helpjuice-callout info"> <div class="helpjuice-callout-body"><p><i><strong>Tips:</strong></i> A thumbnail image for the Card View is automatically generated from the first page of each uploaded work. You can replace by uploading an image of your choosing, if preferred.</p></div> <div class="helpjuice-callout-delete"> </div> </div> <p>Cover pages are also automatically created for all PDFs and include author information and links to your profile to help increase traffic. Additionally, if you upload an MS Word file, we convert it to PDF for you.</p> <p><i><strong>Display Categories</strong></i> help organize your <i><strong>Works </strong></i>tab. You must choose at least one per work. If more than one category is chosen, the work will appear under each category you selected. <i><strong>Display Categories </strong></i>and their descriptions are indexed within Google and other major search engines along with the profile and works. By creating <i><strong>Display Categories</strong></i> and descriptions that are unique to the profile and faculty’s discipline, faculty can increase their discoverability and drive more traffic to their profile and works.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475431/1694504302895-cs-egsreference_authorguide-display_categories.png"></p> <p><strong>Add a Link and Add Metadata</strong></p> <p>When uploading a link to your work, click <i><strong>Add a Link</strong></i> from the <i><strong>Add Work</strong></i> menu, and provide the full URL address (e.g., <i>http://www.website.com</i>). Use <i><strong>Add Metadata</strong></i> to upload your content details only (i.e., title, abstract, etc.). Whether you upload a link or metadata only, you will be prompted to select a <i><strong>Type of Work </strong></i>and complete the <i><strong>Details </strong></i>page.</p> <p><strong>Import Works</strong></p> <p>Select<i><strong> Import Works</strong></i> to retrieve all works in the bepress system associated with your name and email address, and automatically bring them into your profile. You may repeat this periodically to gather works posted in the future.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475429/1694504290527-cs-egsreference_authorguide-import_works.png"></p> <p>If you have multiple email addresses or name aliases, see the <i><strong>Account Settings</strong></i> section under <i><strong>Managing Account and Access Settings</strong></i> below, to help ensure all of your works appear when using this feature.</p> <p><strong>My SW Drive</strong></p> <p>Not ready to post your work to your profile yet? Save drafts of your upload by clicking <i><strong>Save Draft to</strong></i> <i><strong>My SW Drive</strong></i>. Access <i><strong>My SW Drive</strong></i> via the <i><strong>Profile Menu</strong></i> link (located at top right of page) to modify, manage, and post. You can also add additional files, update posted works, or remove content from your drive.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475428/1694504275264-cs-egsreference_authorguide-sw_drive.png"></p> </div></div></div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-toggle"> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-delete"> </div> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion" data-controller="editor--toggle-element"> <h2 class="helpjuice-accordion-title">Managing Works</h2> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-body active" data-editor--toggle-element-target="body"> <p><strong>Revising and Removing Works</strong></p> <p>Easily revise your works by clicking on the <i><strong>Edit</strong></i> icon or by accessing your <i><strong>My SW Drive</strong></i>. On your drive, click on the article title to bring up the work <i><strong>Details</strong></i> page to make your update(s).</p> <p>Removing your work is quickly accomplished by clicking on the red <i><strong>Trash</strong></i> icon. A prompt to confirm the action will appear, asking if you are sure you want to remove from your profile. Click <i><strong>Continue</strong></i> to complete removal. Although removed from your profile, your work will still be available on <i><strong>My SW Drive</strong></i> as withdrawn (with a gray icon). Also, a placeholder page will remain, noting simply “<i>This work is no longer available</i>.”</p> <div class="helpjuice-callout info"> <div class="helpjuice-callout-body"><p><i><strong>Tip: </strong></i>Are you unable to revise a work? It may have been imported from another site in the bepress system. If so, follow the prompt to send an email to the site’s administrator to request your revision.</p></div> <div class="helpjuice-callout-delete"> </div> </div> <p><strong>Restoring Withdrawn Content</strong></p> <p>To restore withdrawn content to your profile, access <i><strong>My SW Drive</strong></i>, click on the appropriate title and click <i><strong>Add to Profile</strong></i>. Restored content will reuse the original URL address, even if newer works were posted to your site after withdrawal.</p> <p>To remove an uploaded file only, access the article <i><strong>Details</strong></i> page, locate the file at the bottom of the form, and click on the red <i><strong>Remove</strong></i> trash icon. If simply replacing a file, you will be asked if you wish to replace the previous thumbnail. Click <i><strong>Replace Thumbnail </strong></i>to view the new image or upload a new one, or <i><strong>No</strong></i> to keep the existing image.</p> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-toggle"> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-delete"> </div> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion" data-controller="editor--toggle-element"> <h2 class="helpjuice-accordion-title">Managing Account and Access Settings</h2> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-body active" data-editor--toggle-element-target="body"> <p><strong>Account Settings</strong></p> <p>Click on the <i><strong>Account Settings</strong></i> link on your <i><strong>Profile Menu</strong></i> to update your picture or change your email address and/or password. Your name, as it appears under the <i><strong>Personal Information</strong></i> section, will be reflected on your account only. To change your site profile name, e.g., “SelectedWorks of Jane Doe”, click the <i><strong>My SelectedWorks</strong></i> link on your <i><strong>Profile Menu and use the inline editing option</strong></i>.</p> <p><strong>Author Information</strong></p> <p>Ensure that all of your work can be collected to your profile by adding any other name aliases or email addresses used for your published works. Click <i><strong>Set as Preferred</strong></i> for the profile you want applied automatically to all new uploads.</p> <p><strong>Privacy Options (Profile Display)</strong></p> <p>By default your SelectedWorks site is available for public viewing as soon as you complete the building steps. However, if you are just getting started and want to get your site populated with content before sharing, or if you simply wish to hide your site temporarily from public view, click the radio button next to <i><strong>Hide my profile</strong></i> and click <i><strong>Save</strong></i>.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475427/1694504243308-cs-egsreference_authorguide-profile_visibility-1.png"></p> <div class="helpjuice-callout info"> <div class="helpjuice-callout-body"><p><i><strong>Note:</strong></i> If you choose the <i><strong>Hide my profile</strong></i> option, your entire site will be hidden from public view, and your works will not be available for download.</p></div> <div class="helpjuice-callout-delete"> </div> </div> <p><strong>Works Display</strong></p> <p>Two profile format options are available: the default <i><strong>Card View</strong></i>, which provides a thumbnail preview of your works; and the traditional <i><strong>List View</strong></i>. Whatever your preference, your content is organized by your <i><strong>Display Categories</strong></i>.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475425/1694504223909-cs-egsreference_authorguide-works_display.png"></p> <p><strong>Email Notifications</strong></p> <p>The <i><strong>“reminders about unread email notification”</strong></i> option automatically generates an email reminder after 24 hours for any unread profile notifications (see “Notification Center” below for more information).</p> <p>Your <i><strong>monthly hit reports</strong></i> provide key feedback including the number of downloads for the past month. Complete download data and additional information is available for viewing via your <strong>Author Dashboard</strong> (see “Reporting Tools” on p.7 for more information).</p> <p><strong>Access Management</strong></p> <p>Provide faculty assistants and/or library staff access to your profile to upload and manage it by adding them as <i><strong>Delegates</strong></i> to your account. Once added, an <i><strong>Account Confirmation</strong></i> email is generated. <i><strong>Delegates </strong></i>are provided full access to your profile, including your <i><strong>Author Dashboard</strong></i>.</p> <p><strong>Notification Center</strong></p> <p>All actions related to your site are tracked and listed in chronological order via your <i><strong>Notification Center</strong></i>. Click on the bell icon next to the <i><strong>Profile Menu</strong></i> to access. The number of all unread notifications is noted on the icon. After reviewing, you can click <i><strong>Clear All</strong></i> to remove.</p> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-toggle"> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-delete"> </div> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion" data-controller="editor--toggle-element"> <h2 class="helpjuice-accordion-title">Reporting Tools</h2> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-body active" data-editor--toggle-element-target="body"><div class="vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md vc_toggle_active" id="1485887139536-5bac91e7-5b0c"><div class="vc_toggle_content"> <p><strong>Author Dashboard</strong></p> <p>Interested in how many downloads your work is generating? Want to know who is viewing your work and from where? The Author Dashboard is a personalized reporting tool that provides insight for authors into the readership of their work. Click on the <i><strong>Author Dashboard </strong></i>link in the <i><strong>Profile Menu</strong></i> to access.</p> <p><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3475422/1694504202613-cs-egsreference_authorguide-readership_map.png"></p> <p>The Author Dashboard features a unique interactive <i><strong>Readership Distribution Map</strong></i>, complete with navigation controls to survey downloads in a general area or view specific readership details—including the title of the article(s) downloaded at that location and the institution, if available.</p> <p>For more information about the Author Dashboard, please see our guide, <a href="/reporting/author-dashboard">Author Dashboard: Real-time Usage Statistics for Authors</a>.</p> </div></div></div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-toggle"> </div> <div class="helpjuice-accordion-delete"> </div> </div> <p>If you have any questions, please <a href="/en_US/contact-us">contact Consulting Services</a>.</p> </div></div> </div></div></div></div></div> </div> <aside data-helpjuice-element="Article Sidebar Feedback Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="related-articles aside-box" data-helpjuice-element="Article Related Aside Box" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <h5 data-helpjuice-element="Related Articles Header" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Related Articles</h5> <p data-helpjuice-element="Related Articles Aside Text" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <a href="/en_US/reporting/author-dashboard" id="2190474" class="aside-link" data-helpjuice-element="Related Article Aside Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Author Dashboard: Real-Time Usage Statistics for Authors</a> </p> </div> <footer class="was-this-helpful" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Footer" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="thumbs" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Thumbs Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <p data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Prompt" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Was this article helpful?</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/questions/2190787/feedbacks" class="new_feedback" id="new_feedback" method="post" data-helpjuice-element="Feedback Submission Form" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <input name="authenticity_token" type="hidden" value="W7fIKyhlMGSYY6ZpNZ0EjAuXfvwpXGjx8KK7p9liJk0=" style="display: none" data-helpjuice-element="Feedback Thumb Input" data-helpjuice-attributes="placeholder,font_size,color"> <input id="feedback_score" name="feedback[score]" type="hidden" value="0" style="display: none" data-helpjuice-element="Feedback Score Input" data-helpjuice-attributes="placeholder,font_size,color"> <a id="yes" class="response feedback" data-helpjuice-element="Was This Helpful Yes Response" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="thumb-up" data-helpjuice-element="Was This Helpful Thumb Up Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> Yes </div> </a> <a id="no" data-action="click->feedbacks#showFeedbackForm" class="response feedback" data-helpjuice-element="Negative Feedback Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"> <div class="thumb-down" data-helpjuice-element="Negative Feedback Thumb Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> No </div> </a> </form> </div> <a class="enable-feedback" data-action="click->feedbacks#showFeedbackForm" data-helpjuice-element="Article Feedback Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><i class="far fa-comment-alt-check" data-helpjuice-element="Feedback Confirmation Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i>Give feedback about this article</a> </footer> <a href="#" id="viewBtn" class="btn btn-primary hide" target="_blank" data-helpjuice-element="Article Pdf View Download Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">View/Download PDF</a> <a href="#" id="printBtn" class="btn btn-primary hide" data-helpjuice-element="Download Article Button" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Download Article</a> </aside> </article> </main> </div> </section> <!--END_COMPONENT_ARTICLE_FEEDBACK_AND_DOWNLOAD_SECTION--> </div> </main> <!--START_COMPONENT_SITE_FOOTER_SECTION--> <footer id="footer" class="footer" data-helpjuice-component="Site Footer Section" data-helpjuice-element="Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="top-row" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Navigation" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Navigation Container" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="top-row-links" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Navigation Links" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <ul class="footer-list" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Links List" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility"> <p class="footer-list-title" data-helpjuice-element="Footer About Title" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">About Digital Commons</p> <li><a href="/en_US/announcements" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Announcements Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Announcements</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/digital-commons/" target="_blank" class="footer-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Products Overview Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Products Overview <i class="far fa-arrow-right" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Navigation Arrow Icon" data-helpjuice-attributes="color,font_size"></i></a></li> </ul> <ul class="footer-list" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Support Links List" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <p class="footer-list-title">Additional Support</p> <li><a href="https://www.brighttalk.com/channel/17728/" target="_blank" class="footer-link">Webinars <i class="far fa-arrow-right"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://psp.elsevier.com/productsupportportal/s/" target="_blank" class="footer-link">Client Community <i class="far fa-arrow-right"></i></a></li> </ul> <ul class="footer-list" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Top Row Help Links" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <p class="footer-list-title">Need Help?</p> <li><a href="/contact-us" class="footer-link">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://psp.elsevier.com/productsupportportal/s/" target="_blank" class="footer-link">Submit a Support Case <i class="far fa-arrow-right"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://psp.elsevier.com/productsupportportal/s/" target="_blank" class="footer-link">My Cases <i class="far fa-arrow-right"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bottom-row" data-helpjuice-element="Social Media Copyright Footer Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="container" data-helpjuice-element="Social Media Copyright Footer Section 1" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <div class="social-links" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Social Media Links" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <ul data-helpjuice-element="Social Media Links List" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <li><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/elsevier" target="_blank" class="social-link"><i class="fab fa-linkedin"></i><span class="visually-hidden">Linkedin</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/elsevierpure" target="_blank" class="social-link"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.2 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license (Commercial License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc. --><path d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z"></path></svg><span class="visually-hidden">Twitter</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/ElsevierConnect" target="_blank" class="social-link"><i class="fab fa-facebook"></i><span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@ResearchIntelligence" target="_blank" class="social-link"><i class="fab fa-youtube"></i><span class="visually-hidden">Youtube</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="image-wrapper" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Bottom Row Image Wrapper" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <a href="https://www.elsevier.com/" title="Elsevier logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Elsevier Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15882/3603321/1698889997736-elsevier-logo-white%2B1.png" width="130px" alt="Elsevier logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Elsevier Logo Image" data-helpjuice-attributes="image,visibility"></a> <a href="https://www.relx.com/" title="Relx logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Relx Logo Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><img src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/upload/image/15881/3558398/1697460747718-footer%2Bbottom%2Bright.png" width="74px" alt="Relx logo" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Relx Logo Image" data-helpjuice-attributes="image,visibility"></a> </div> <div class="copyright-row" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Section" data-helpjuice-attributes="visibility,background"> <p data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Notice" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Copyright © 2024 Elsevier, its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For all open access content, the Creative Commons licensing terms apply.</p> <ul class="copyrights-link" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Copyright Links List" data-helpjuice-attributes="link_list"> <li><a href="https://www.elsevier.com/legal/elsevier-website-terms-and-conditions" target="_blank" class="copyright-link">Terms &amp; Conditions <span class="visually-hidden">Terms &amp; Conditions</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.elsevier.com/legal/privacy-policy" target="_blank" class="copyright-link">Privacy policy<span class="visually-hidden">Privacy policy</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.elsevier.com/about/accessibility" target="_blank" class="copyright-link">Accessibility<span class="visually-hidden">Accessibility</span></a></li> <li><a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="window.OneTrust.ToggleInfoDisplay()" class="copyright-link">Cookie settings<span class="visually-hidden">Cookie settings</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <p style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: inherit;opacity: 0.7;margin: 30px 0;display: inline-block;width: 100%;" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Knowledge Base Credit" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color"><a style="font-weight: 700;text-decoration: none;color:white" href="https://helpjuice.com/?utm_campaign=customer_kb" data-helpjuice-element="Footer Knowledge Base Link" data-helpjuice-attributes="font_size,color">Knowledge Base Software powered by Helpjuice</a></p> </footer> <!--END_COMPONENT_SITE_FOOTER_SECTION--> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.2.4.min.js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.selection/1.0.1/jquery.selection.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.13.1/highlight.min.js"></script> <!-- To show URLs in iframe --> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/template-ac5762484172e351a5f18410317060e84937bca7ebf92c7f499fc688f7706db6.js"></script> <!-- Helpjuice JavaScript files --> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/responsivemenu-86a17116950142b41426c04b0f042c7bcdf0519b7f4e7a9fe1e9d67b48f9b46b.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/jquery.typewatch-14c782b50fde070c995ed3582b19df3e16cd2bf989f259f7b82121913d6b7210.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/questions-5f7c86b585e58e01f6b6cb825fcb20b7c719be6b7aaa7b9f1f27cc29c5ae68c2.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/contactform-393ba587d203d199f34f03466f29c99af7d0cc9eb653a05c60d4977502eb9e89.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/follow_unfollow-0de54e775b4e5390a7dc74bfe49c89805ed38cd21e1907e00ac897803e04e987.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/decision_trees-ab5fc72b8dc6f02b58a0ab4bd3cd074a7d879215719c6505d1dd45df0bc112e6.js"></script> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/helpjuice_production/uploads/account/15882/main_js_15882-8eae33d1a5b158a8043bd0ed379338f0856e8e3b2401416ac66508bba9533da8.js"></script> <div class="article-modal"> <div class="content"> <div class="sidebar"> <button class="close button">Close <i class="far fa-times"></i></button> <a href="" class="expand button">Expand <i class="fas fa-expand"></i></a> </div> <div class="main-content"> <header> <h2 class="article-name"></h2> </header> <div class="body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/helpjuice-251a8e6285deaaa907a544c1c733033a8b824623c59dadcdb8bc6f725e0bfee9.js"></script><script src="https://static.helpjuice.com/assets/knowledge/glossary-46fe931d51673faa23464c4f518fc7632816d8c5cb231f1a738a566c231cc8c4.js"></script></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10