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丕賱賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲 毓賳 芦丕賱賱睾丞 丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞 丕賱賵爻胤賶禄 - 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕
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rootpage-丕賱賱睾丞_丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞_丕賱賵爻胤賶 skin-vector-2022 action-info"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">丕賳鬲賯賱 廿賱賶 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">丕賳賯賱 賱賱卮乇賷胤 丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <div id="p-encyclopedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-encyclopedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 丕賱賲賵爻賵毓丞 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="夭乇 丕賱氐賮丨丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞 [z]" accesskey="z"><span>丕賱氐賮丨丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻丞</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AB_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賲胤丕賱毓丞 爻乇賷毓丞 賱兀賴賲 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱噩丕乇賷丞"><span>丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱噩丕乇賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="賯丕卅賲丞 兀丨丿孬 丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱賵賷賰賷. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>兀丨丿孬 丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="n-wrecentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A9"><span>兀丨丿孬 丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲 丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 鬲氐賮丨 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-subjects" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD"><span>丕賱賲賵丕囟賷毓</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9"><span>兀亘噩丿賷</span></a></li><li id="n-portals" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD"><span>亘賵丕亘丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="丨賲賱 氐賮丨丞 毓卮賵丕卅賷丞 [x]" accesskey="x"><span>賲賯丕賱丞 毓卮賵丕卅賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-Kiwix" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3"><span>鬲氐賮丨 賲賳 睾賷乇 廿賳鬲乇賳鬲</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-contributing" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-contributing" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 賲卮丕乇賰丞 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7"><span>鬲賵丕氐賱 賲毓 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="丨賷孬 鬲噩丿 丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞"><span>賲爻丕毓丿丞</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86"><span>丕賱賲賷丿丕賳</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ar.svg" style="width: 7em; height: 2.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ar.svg" width="105" height="22" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>亘丨孬</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕" aria-label="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕" autocapitalize="sentences" title="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕 [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="禺丕氐:亘丨孬"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">亘丨孬</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 卮禺氐賷丞"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲馗賴乇"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="鬲睾賷賷乇 賲馗賴乇 丕賱氐賮丨丞貙 丨噩賲 丕賱禺胤貙 丕賱毓乇囟 賵丕賱賱賵賳" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="丕賱賲馗賴乇" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱賲馗賴乇</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ar.wikipedia.org&uselang=ar" class=""><span>鬲亘乇毓</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8&returnto=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89&returntoquery=action%3Dinfo" title="賳卮噩毓賰 毓賱賶 毓賲賱 丨爻丕亘 賵鬲爻噩賷賱 丿禺賵賱賰貨 賱賰賳賴 睾賷乇 囟乇賵乇賷 毓賱賶 丕賷 丨丕賱" class=""><span>廿賳卮丕亍 丨爻丕亘</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AF%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85&returnto=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89&returntoquery=action%3Dinfo" title="賷賮囟賱 兀賳 鬲爻噩賱 丕賱丿禺賵賱貙 賱賰賳賴 賱賷爻 廿賱夭丕賲賷丕. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>丿禺賵賱</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="丕賱賲夭賷丿 賲賳 丕賱禺賷丕乇丕鬲" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 卮禺氐賷丞" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">兀丿賵丕鬲 卮禺氐賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱賲爻鬲禺丿賲" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ar.wikipedia.org&uselang=ar"><span>鬲亘乇毓</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8&returnto=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89&returntoquery=action%3Dinfo" title="賳卮噩毓賰 毓賱賶 毓賲賱 丨爻丕亘 賵鬲爻噩賷賱 丿禺賵賱賰貨 賱賰賳賴 睾賷乇 囟乇賵乇賷 毓賱賶 丕賷 丨丕賱"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>廿賳卮丕亍 丨爻丕亘</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AF%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85&returnto=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89&returntoquery=action%3Dinfo" title="賷賮囟賱 兀賳 鬲爻噩賱 丕賱丿禺賵賱貙 賱賰賳賴 賱賷爻 廿賱夭丕賲賷丕. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>丿禺賵賱</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 氐賮丨丕鬲 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳 丕賱匕賷賳 爻噩賻賾賱賵丕 禺乇賵噩賴賲 <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9" aria-label="鬲毓賱賻賾賲 丕賱賲夭賷丿 亘禺氐賵氐 丕賱鬲丨乇賷乇"><span>鬲毓賱賻賾賲 丕賱賲夭賷丿</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="賯丕卅賲丞 亘鬲毓丿賷賱丕鬲 賯丕賲 亘賴丕 毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱丌賷 亘賷 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>賲爻丕賴賲丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="賳賯丕卮 丨賵賱 丕賱鬲毓丿賷賱丕鬲 賲賳 毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱兀賷亘賷 賴匕丕 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>賳賯丕卮</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> 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class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">丕賱賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲 毓賳 芦丕賱賱睾丞 丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞 丕賱賵爻胤賶禄</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="賴匕賴 丕賱賲賯丕賱丞 鬲鬲賵丕噩丿 賮賯胤 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱賱睾丞. 兀囟賮賴丕 廿賱賶 丕賱賱睾丕鬲 丕賱兀禺乇賶." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">兀囟賮 賱睾丕鬲</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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title="毓丿賱 丕賱賰賵丿 丕賱賲氐丿乇賷 賱賴匕賴 丕賱氐賮丨丞 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>毓丿賾賱</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89&action=history" title="丕賱賳爻禺 丕賱爻丕亘賯丞 賱賴匕賴 丕賱氐賮丨丞 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>鬲丕乇賷禺</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 丕賱氐賮丨丞"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Portal/images/%D8%A5&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Portal/images/廿">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Portal/images/%D8%A7" title="賵丨丿丞:Portal/images/丕">賵丨丿丞:Portal/images/丕</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Portal/images/%D8%A7&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Portal/images/丕">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Separated_entries" title="賵丨丿丞:Separated entries">賵丨丿丞:Separated entries</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Separated_entries&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Separated entries">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:String" title="賵丨丿丞:String">賵丨丿丞:String</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:String&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:String">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:TableTools" title="賵丨丿丞:TableTools">賵丨丿丞:TableTools</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:TableTools&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:TableTools">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Unsubst" title="賵丨丿丞:Unsubst">賵丨丿丞:Unsubst</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Unsubst&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Unsubst">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata/%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata/鬲鬲亘毓">賵丨丿丞:Wikidata/鬲鬲亘毓</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata/%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B9&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata/鬲鬲亘毓">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata2" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2">賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata2&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata2/Math" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2/Math">賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2/Math</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata2/Math&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2/Math">毓丿賱</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata2/monolingualtext" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2/monolingualtext">賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2/monolingualtext</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Wikidata2/monolingualtext&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Wikidata2/monolingualtext">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:WikidataIB" title="賵丨丿丞:WikidataIB">賵丨丿丞:WikidataIB</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:WikidataIB&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:WikidataIB">毓丿賱</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Yesno" title="賵丨丿丞:Yesno">賵丨丿丞:Yesno</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9:Yesno&action=edit" title="賵丨丿丞:Yesno">毓乇囟 丕賱賲氐丿乇</a>) (丨賲丕賷丞 噩夭卅賷丞 - 丕賱爻賲丕丨 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳)</li><li>賴匕賴 丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 乇亘賲丕 鬲賰賵賳 睾賷乇 賲賰鬲賲賱丞.</li></ul></td></tr> <tr id="mw-flaggedrevs-action-info-pages-waiting-for-review" style="vertical-align: top;"><td>丕賱氐賮丨丕鬲 丕賱賲囟賲賾賳丞 丕賱鬲賷 鬲鬲賳馗乇 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓丞</td><td>賱丕 賷賵噩丿</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"><td>賰賷丕賳丕鬲 賵賷賰賷 亘賷丕賳丕鬲 丕賱賲爻鬲禺丿賲丞 賮賷 賴匕賴 丕賱氐賮丨丞</td><td><ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1346342">丕賱賱睾丕鬲 丕賱丕賳噩賱賷夭賷丞</a></li><ul><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P31</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P279</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19860">賱睾丕鬲 賴賳丿賷丞 兀賵乇賵亘賷丞</a></li><ul><li>亘賷丕賳: P31</li><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21200">賱睾丕鬲 噩乇賲丕賳賷丞</a></li><ul><li>亘賷丕賳: P31</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P279</li><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2315359">賱睾丞 鬲丕乇賷禺賷丞</a></li><ul><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25295">兀爻乇丞 賱睾丕鬲</a></li><ul><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26721">賱睾丕鬲 噩乇賲丕賳賷丞 睾乇亘賷丞</a></li><ul><li>亘賷丕賳: P31</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P279</li><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q268206">Great Vowel Shift in English</a></li><ul><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li><li>賵氐賱丞 丕賱賲賵賯毓</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36395">丕賱廿賳噩賱賷夭賷丞 丕賱賵爻胤賶</a></li><ul><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>亘毓囟 丕賱毓亘丕乇丕鬲</li><li>賵氐賱丞 丕賱賲賵賯毓</li><li>賲鬲賳賵毓 (賲孬賱 兀爻賲丕亍 兀禺乇賶貙 賵噩賵丿 丕賱卮賷亍)</li><li>丕賱賵氐賮: ar</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4233718">睾賷乇 賲毓乇賵賮</a></li><ul><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5329170">兀賳噩賱賵-賮乇賷夭賷丞</a></li><ul><li>亘賷丕賳: P31</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P279</li><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q75488338">Language</a></li><ul><li>亘賷丕賳: P1800</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P1566</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P21</li><li>亘賷丕賳: P31</li></ul><li><a class="extiw wb-entity-link external" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8229">廿禺胤丕胤丞 賱丕鬲賷賳賷丞</a></li><ul><li>丕賱鬲爻賲賷丞: ar</li><li>毓賳賵丕賳</li></ul></ul></td></tr> </table> <h2 id="兀禺胤丕亍_賱賳鬲"><span id="mw-pageinfo-linter"></span>兀禺胤丕亍 賱賳鬲</h2> <table class="wikitable mw-page-info"> <tr id="mw-linter-category-night-mode-unaware-background-color" style="vertical-align: top;"><td>鬲賵噩丿 賯丕毓丿丞 賳賲胤 賲囟賲賳丞 賱賱賵賳 丕賱禺賱賮賷丞 亘丿賵賳 賱賵賳 賳氐 賲賯丕亘賱</td><td>1</td></tr> </table> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:LintErrors&wpNamespaceRestrictions=0&titlesearch=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89&exactmatch=1" title="禺丕氐:LintErrors">毓乇囟 賲毓賱賵賲丕鬲 賲賮氐賱丞 毓賳 兀禺胤丕亍 丕賱賳爻丕賱丞.</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="兀丿賵丕鬲_禺丕乇噩賷丞"><span id=".D8.A3.D8.AF.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.AA_.D8.AE.D8.A7.D8.B1.D8.AC.D9.8A.D8.A9"></span>兀丿賵丕鬲 禺丕乇噩賷丞</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wikipedia.ramselehof.de/wikiblame.php?lang=ar&article=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89">亘丨孬 鬲丕乇賷禺 丕賱賲乇丕噩毓丕鬲</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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