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href="//en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wiktionary/en.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wiktionary/en.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wiktionary (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wiktionary.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wiktionary Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-já rootpage-já skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="Latn">já</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="disambig-see-also"><i>See also:</i> <b class="Latn"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Variations_of_%22ja%22" title="Appendix:Variations of "ja"">Appendix:Variations of "ja"</a></b></div> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Czech"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Czech</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Etymology"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Pronunciation"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Pronoun"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Pronoun</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Declension"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Declension</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Derived_terms"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Derived terms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Related_terms"><span class="tocnumber">1.3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Related terms</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Noun"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Noun</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">1.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Icelandic"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Icelandic</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Etymology_2"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Pronunciation_2"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Adverb"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Adverb</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-15"><a href="#Synonyms"><span class="tocnumber">2.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Synonyms</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Interjection"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Interjection</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-17"><a href="#Synonyms_2"><span class="tocnumber">2.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Synonyms</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Inari_Sami"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Inari Sami</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Etymology_3"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Conjunction"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Conjunction</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-21"><a href="#Further_reading_2"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Indo-Portuguese"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Indo-Portuguese</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#Etymology_4"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Particle"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Particle</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#Khiamniungan_Naga"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Khiamniungan Naga</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#Pronunciation_3"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="#Verb"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Verb</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#Macanese"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Macanese</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="#Alternative_forms"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Alternative forms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#Etymology_5"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="#Pronunciation_4"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32"><a href="#Particle_2"><span class="tocnumber">6.4</span> <span class="toctext">Particle</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-33"><a href="#Usage_notes"><span class="tocnumber">6.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Usage notes</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="#Conjunction_2"><span class="tocnumber">6.5</span> <span class="toctext">Conjunction</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6.6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="#Northern_Sami"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Northern Sami</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-37"><a href="#Etymology_6"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-38"><a href="#Pronunciation_5"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-39"><a href="#Adverb_2"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Adverb</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-40"><a href="#Further_reading_3"><span class="tocnumber">7.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-41"><a href="#Old_Norse"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Old Norse</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-42"><a href="#Etymology_7"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-43"><a href="#Adverb_3"><span class="tocnumber">8.2</span> <span class="toctext">Adverb</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-44"><a href="#Interjection_2"><span class="tocnumber">8.3</span> <span class="toctext">Interjection</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-45"><a href="#Descendants"><span class="tocnumber">8.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Descendants</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-46"><a href="#Portuguese"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Portuguese</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-47"><a href="#Alternative_forms_2"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">Alternative forms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-48"><a href="#Etymology_8"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-49"><a href="#Pronunciation_6"><span class="tocnumber">9.3</span> <span class="toctext">Pronunciation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-50"><a href="#Adverb_4"><span class="tocnumber">9.4</span> <span class="toctext">Adverb</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-51"><a href="#Usage_notes_2"><span class="tocnumber">9.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Usage notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-52"><a href="#Quotations"><span class="tocnumber">9.4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Quotations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-53"><a href="#Derived_terms_2"><span class="tocnumber">9.4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Derived terms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-54"><a href="#Descendants_2"><span class="tocnumber">9.4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Descendants</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Czech">Czech</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Czech"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#inherited" title="Appendix:Glossary">Inherited</a> from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Czech_language" class="extiw" title="w:History of the Czech language">Old Czech</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="zlw-ocs"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1z#Old_Czech" title="jáz">jáz</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Slavic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Slavic language">Proto-Slavic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="sla-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/az%D1%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/azъ">*azъ</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Czech_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Czech pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[ˈjaː]</span></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r50165410">.mw-parser-output .k-player .k-attribution{visibility:hidden}</style><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio<span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Cs-já.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Cs-j%C3%A1.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/Cs-j%C3%A1.ogg/Cs-j%C3%A1.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:Cs-j%C3%A1.ogg" title="File:Cs-já.ogg">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronoun">Pronoun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pronoun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="cs">já</strong> (<i>first person</i>)</span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/I" title="I">I</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Declension">Declension</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Declension"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <div class="NavFrame" style="max-width:40em"> <div class="NavHead" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">Declension of <i lang="cs">já</i> (<span style="font-size: smaller;">sg-only animate pronoun</span>)</div> <div class="NavContent" style="overflow:auto"> <table style="min-width:40em" class="inflection-table inflection"> <tbody><tr class="rowgroup"> <th rowspan="2" style="width:33%;background:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff);"> </th> <th colspan="2" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff);">singular </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:33%;background:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff);">stressed </th> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue, #d9ebff);">clitic </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">nominative </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs nom-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><strong class="selflink">já</strong></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">genitive </th> <td><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs gen-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/mne#Czech" title="mne">mne</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs clitic|gen-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/m%C4%9B#Czech" title="mě">mě</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">dative </th> <td><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs dat-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/mn%C4%9B#Czech" title="mně">mně</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs clitic|dat-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/mi#Czech" title="mi">mi</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">accusative </th> <td><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs acc-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/mne#Czech" title="mne">mne</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs clitic|acc-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/m%C4%9B#Czech" title="mě">mě</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">vocative </th> <td colspan="2">— </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">locative </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs loc-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/mn%C4%9B#Czech" title="mně">mně</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lighterblue, #ebf4ff);">instrumental </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="Latn form-of lang-cs ins-form-of origin-já" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/mnou#Czech" title="mnou">mnou</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="1"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1stv%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="jáství (page does not exist)">jáství</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Related_terms">Related terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Related terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" style="width:70%"> <div class="NavHead" style="background:#DFDFDF">Czech personal pronouns</div> <div class="NavContent"> <table border="1px solid #aaaaaa" style="border-collapse:collapse; background:#F9F9F9; text-align:center; width:100%" class="inflection-table"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="width:40%;background:#DFDFDF"> </th> <th style="background:#DFDFDF">singular </th> <th style="background:#DFDFDF">plural </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#DFDFDF">1st person </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><strong class="selflink">já</strong></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/my#Czech" title="my">my</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background:#DFDFDF">2nd person </th> <th style="background:#EFEFEF">familiar </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ty#Czech" title="ty">ty</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/vy#Czech" title="vy">vy</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF">polite </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/vy#Czech" title="vy">vy</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background:#DFDFDF">3rd person </th> <th style="background:#EFEFEF"><span class="gender"><abbr title="masculine gender">m</abbr></span> </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/on#Czech" title="on">on</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/oni#Czech" title="oni">oni</a></span>* </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF"><span class="gender"><abbr title="feminine gender">f</abbr></span> </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ona#Czech" title="ona">ona</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ony#Czech" title="ony">ony</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EFEFEF"><span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span> </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ono#Czech" title="ono">ono</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ona#Czech" title="ona">ona</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#DFDFDF">reflexive </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/sebe#Czech" title="sebe">sebe</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/se#Czech" title="se">se</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="ann-pos">clitic</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4">* animate referents only, for inanimate ones <a href="/wiki/ony" title="ony">ony</a> is used. </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="cs">já</strong> <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span> (<i><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#indeclinable" title="Appendix:Glossary">indeclinable</a></i>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/psychoanalysis" title="psychoanalysis">psychoanalysis</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/ego" title="ego">ego</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ego#Czech" title="ego">ego</a></span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="See_also">See also</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/nadj%C3%A1#Czech" title="nadjá">nadjá</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ono#Czech" title="ono">ono</a></span> <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bara.ujc.cas.cz/psjc/search.php?heslo=j%C3%A1&zobraz_ps=ps&zobraz_cards=cards&pocet_karet=50">já</a>”, in <cite>Příruční slovník jazyka českého</cite> (in Czech), <span class="None" lang="und">1935–1957</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssjc.ujc.cas.cz/search.php?heslo=j%C3%A1&hsubstr=no">já</a>”, in <cite>Slovník spisovného jazyka českého</cite> (in Czech), <span class="None" lang="und">1960–1971, 1989</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://prirucka.ujc.cas.cz/en/?slovo=j%C3%A1">já</a>”, in <cite>Internetová jazyková příručka</cite> (in Czech)</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Icelandic">Icelandic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Icelandic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse" class="extiw" title="w:Old Norse">Old Norse</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="non"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Old_Norse">já</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">yes</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ja" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ja">*ja</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">yes</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Icelandic_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Icelandic pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/jauː/</span></li> <li>Rhymes: <a href="/wiki/Rhymes:Icelandic/au%CB%90" title="Rhymes:Icelandic/auː"><span class="IPA">-auː</span></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adverb">Adverb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Adverb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="is">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/yes" title="yes">yes</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Synonyms">Synonyms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Synonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="is"><a href="/wiki/jamm#Icelandic" title="jamm">jamm</a></span> (<i>informal</i>)</li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="is"><a href="/w/index.php?title=jah%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="jahá (page does not exist)">jahá</a></span> (<i>informal, joyful</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interjection">Interjection</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Interjection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="is">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#informal" title="Appendix:Glossary">informal</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/yes" title="yes">yes</a> (as an exclamation of joy or excitement)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Synonyms_2">Synonyms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Synonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="is"><a href="/wiki/jess#Icelandic" title="jess">jess</a></span> (<i>informal</i>)</li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="is"><a href="/wiki/jei#Icelandic" title="jei">jei</a></span> (<i>informal</i>)</li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="is"><a href="/w/index.php?title=jah%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="jahá (page does not exist)">jahá</a></span> (<i>informal</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inari_Sami">Inari Sami</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Inari Sami"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jahw" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jahw">*jahw</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conjunction">Conjunction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Conjunction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="smn">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/and" title="and">and</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Further_reading_2">Further reading</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (<span class="None" lang="und">2002–2008</span>), <cite>Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages</cite>‎<sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://kaino.kotus.fi/algu/index.php?kkieli=en&t=lekseemi&lekseemi_id=34581">[1]</a></sup>, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indo-Portuguese">Indo-Portuguese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Indo-Portuguese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_4">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language" class="extiw" title="w:Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="pt"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Portuguese">já</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">already; now</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician%E2%80%93Portuguese" class="extiw" title="w:Galician–Portuguese">Old Galician-Portuguese</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="roa-opt"><a href="/wiki/ja#Old_Galician-Portuguese" title="ja">ja</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/iam#Latin" title="iam">iam</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">already</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Particle">Particle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="idb">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used in conjunction with the past tense</span></span> <ul><li><div class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><span class="None" lang="und"><b>1883</b></span>, Hugo Schuchardt, <cite>Kreolische Studien</cite>, volume 3:</span><dl><dd><div class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="idb"><b>Já fallou</b> par su pai aquêl mais piquin, <span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"></span></span><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">The youngest one <b>told</b> his father, <span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b">[</span>…<span class="q-hellip-b">]</span><span class="q-hellip-b"> </span></span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></div></li></ul></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Khiamniungan_Naga">Khiamniungan Naga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Khiamniungan Naga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_3">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khiamniungan_Naga_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Khiamniungan Naga phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/tʃɑ⁵⁵/</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio<span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="En-já.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/En-j%C3%A1.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/En-j%C3%A1.ogg/En-j%C3%A1.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:En-j%C3%A1.ogg" title="File:En-já.ogg">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verb">Verb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Verb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="kix">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patsho" class="extiw" title="w:Patsho">Patsho</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/connect" title="connect">connect</a>, <a href="/wiki/attach" title="attach">attach</a>, <a href="/wiki/link" title="link">link</a> <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="kix">Kheunyoh nüko meikü <b>ja</b>-i kü noi naih, alumtshouko asheu nü epje.</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">Through proper <b>connection</b> with people brings positive results.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Macanese">Macanese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Macanese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="mzs"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A2#Macanese" title="jâ">jâ</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_5">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Portuguese_creoles" class="extiw" title="w:Indo-Portuguese creoles">Indo-Portuguese</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="idb"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Indo-Portuguese">já</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_language" class="extiw" title="w:Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="pt"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Portuguese">já</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">already; now</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician%E2%80%93Portuguese" class="extiw" title="w:Galician–Portuguese">Old Galician-Portuguese</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="roa-opt"><a href="/wiki/ja#Old_Galician-Portuguese" title="ja">ja</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/iam#Latin" title="iam">iam</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">already</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Semantically, compare <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chavacano" class="extiw" title="w:Chavacano">Chavacano</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="cbk"><a href="/wiki/ya#Chavacano" title="ya">ya</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_4">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macanese_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Macanese phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/d͡ʒa/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Particle_2">Particle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Particle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="mzs">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">past tense marker; marks that an event has reached completion</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="mzs">Iou <b>já</b> falâ</i> ― <span class="e-translation">I spoke</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="mzs">Vôs <b>já</b> uví?</i> ― <span class="e-translation">Have you heard?</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="mzs">Atútu <b>já</b> vêm di América</i> ― <span class="e-translation">Artur returned from America</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="mzs"><b>Já</b> têm-ia!</i> ― <span class="e-translation">I've got it!</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Placing <i>já</i> before a verb in the past tense is optional.</li> <li>Past tense (or any other tense) may not necessarily be marked using <i>já</i>; verb tense is present by default but may have to be inferred through context, a feature possibly influenced by Cantonese grammar.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conjunction_2">Conjunction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Conjunction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="mzs">já … já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/sometimes" title="sometimes">sometimes</a> … <a href="/wiki/sometimes" title="sometimes">sometimes</a> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="mzs"><b>Já</b> churâ, <b>já</b> rí</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>Sometimes</b> laughing, <b>sometimes</b> crying</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm">https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Northern_Sami">Northern Sami</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Northern Sami"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_6">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82267123">.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box{width:90%;margin:0.75em auto;border-width:1px;border-style:dashed;padding:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .request-box{width:90%;margin:0.75em auto;border:1px dashed var(--border-color-base,#999999);padding:0.25em;background:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF)}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .request-box table{margin-top:0.25em;margin-bottom:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#E6E6FF;border-color:#000061}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#FFE6E6;border-color:#610000}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#FFFFE6;border-color:#616100}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#F2F2F2;border-color:#303030}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#FFF2E6;border-color:#612F00}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#1D1D44;border-color:#73737F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#441D1D;border-color:#7F7373}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#323216;border-color:#7F7F73}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#303030;border-color:#797979}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#44301D;border-color:#7F7973}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#1D1D44;border-color:#73737F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#441D1D;border-color:#7F7373}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#323216;border-color:#7F7F73}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#303030;border-color:#797979}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#44301D;border-color:#7F7973}}</style><span class="maintenance-line">(This <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Etymology" title="Wiktionary:Etymology">etymology</a> is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Etymology_scriptorium" title="Wiktionary:Etymology scriptorium">Etymology scriptorium</a>.)</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_5">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Kautokeino</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Sami_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Northern Sami phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈjaː/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adverb_2">Adverb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Adverb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="se">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><i>This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and <b>add a translation</b>, then remove the text <code style="white-space:pre-wrap">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:rfdef#top" title="Template:rfdef">rfdef</a>}}</code>.</i></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Further_reading_3">Further reading</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (<span class="None" lang="und">2002–2008</span>), <cite>Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages</cite>‎<sup><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://kaino.kotus.fi/algu/index.php?kkieli=en&t=etusivu">[2]</a></sup>, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_Norse">Old Norse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Old Norse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_7">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ja" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ja">*ja</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">yes</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adverb_3">Adverb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Adverb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="non">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/yes" title="yes">yes</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interjection_2">Interjection</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Interjection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="non">já</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#informal" title="Appendix:Glossary">informal</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/yes" title="yes">yes</a> (as an exclamation of joy or excitement)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Descendants">Descendants</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Descendants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Icelandic: <span class="Latn" lang="is"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Icelandic">já</a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68481116">.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title]{cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title="uncertain"]{font-size:.7em;vertical-align:super}</style></li> <li>Faroese: <span class="Latn" lang="fo"><a href="/wiki/ja#Faroese" title="ja">ja</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Norwegian Nynorsk: <span class="Latn" lang="nn"><a href="/wiki/ja#Norwegian_Nynorsk" title="ja">ja</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Norwegian Bokmål: <span class="Latn" lang="nb"><a href="/wiki/ja#Norwegian_Bokmål" title="ja">ja</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Old Swedish: <span class="Latn" lang="gmq-osw"><a href="/wiki/ia#Old_Swedish" title="ia">iā</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> <ul><li>Swedish: <span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/ja#Swedish" title="ja">ja</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Finnish: <span class="Latn" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/jaa#Finnish" title="jaa">jaa</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li> <li>Danish: <span class="Latn" lang="da"><a href="/wiki/ja#Danish" title="ja">ja</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="da"><a href="/wiki/jo#Danish" title="jo">jo</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Portuguese">Portuguese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Portuguese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_forms_2">Alternative forms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/ja#Portuguese" title="ja">ja</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#obsolete" title="Appendix:Glossary">obsolete</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/jah#Portuguese" title="jah">jah</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> <a href="/wiki/slang" title="slang">slang</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_8">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician%E2%80%93Portuguese" class="extiw" title="w:Galician–Portuguese">Old Galician-Portuguese</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="roa-opt"><a href="/wiki/ja#Old_Galician-Portuguese" title="ja">ja</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/iam#Latin" title="iam">iam</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">already</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_6">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Portuguese" class="extiw" title="w:Brazilian Portuguese">Brazil</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Portuguese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Portuguese pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈʒa/</span></li></ul></div> <div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Portuguese" class="extiw" title="w:European Portuguese">Portugal</a></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Portuguese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Portuguese pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈʒa/</span></li></ul></div> <p><span></span> </p> <ul><li>Rhymes: <a href="/wiki/Rhymes:Portuguese/a" title="Rhymes:Portuguese/a"><span class="IPA">-a</span></a></li> <li>Hyphenation: <span class="Latn" lang="pt">já</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adverb_4">Adverb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Adverb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="pt">já</strong> (<i>not <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#comparable" title="Appendix:Glossary">comparable</a></i>)</span> </p> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Portuguese:_already"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">usually preceding verbs in the past tense</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/already" title="already">already</a> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">indicating that something has happened before</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="pt"><b>Já</b> li esse livro.</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">I have <b>already</b> read this book.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Portuguese:_at_this_instant"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">usually following verbs in the present tense</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/now" title="now">now</a> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">at this instant</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/agora#Portuguese" title="agora">agora</a></span></span></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="pt">Consigo fazer isso <b>já</b>.</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">I can do this <b>right now</b>.</span></dd></dl></div></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="pt">Compre <b>já</b>!</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">Buy <b>now</b>!</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Portuguese:_any_more"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">in negative sentences, preceding the adverb <b><i class="Latn mention" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/n%C3%A3o#Portuguese" title="não">não</a></i> </b></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/any_more" title="any more">any more</a>; <a href="/wiki/any_longer" title="any longer">any longer</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/mais#Portuguese" title="mais">mais</a></span></span></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="pt">Eu <b>já</b> não leio mais muitos livros.</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">I don’t read many books <b>any more</b>.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Portuguese:_soon"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">usually preceding verbs in the present tense</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/in_a_minute" title="in a minute">in a minute</a>; <a href="/wiki/soon" title="soon">soon</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/logo#Portuguese" title="logo">logo</a></span>; <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1,_j%C3%A1#Portuguese" title="já, já">já, já</a></span></span></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="pt">Não me apresse, eu <b>já</b> faço isso.</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">Don’t rush me, I will do this <b>in a minute</b>.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="Portuguese:_on_the_other_hand"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">preceding noun phrases</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/on_the_other_hand" title="on the other hand">on the other hand</a>, <a href="/wiki/however" title="however">however</a> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/por_outro_lado#Portuguese" title="por outro lado">por outro lado</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/no_entanto#Portuguese" title="no entanto">no entanto</a></span></span></dd> <dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="pt">Gosto de ler, <b>já</b> a minha mãe não lê nem as notícias.</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">I enjoy reading, my mother, <b>on the other hand</b>, doesn’t even read the news.</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">preceding a verb in the passive participle</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/ever" title="ever">ever</a> <dl><dd><div class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="pt">O melhor bolo <b>já</b> feito</i><dl><dd><span class="e-translation">The best cake <b>ever</b> made</span></dd></dl></div></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_2">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Portuguese, <i class="Latn mention" lang="pt"><strong class="selflink">já</strong></i> is said more frequently than the English equivalents. It is sometimes left untranslated altogether. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quotations">Quotations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Quotations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="see-cites">For quotations using this term, see <a href="/wiki/Citations:j%C3%A1#Portuguese" title="Citations:já">Citations:já</a>.</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_2">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/como_j%C3%A1_era_de_se_esperar#Portuguese" title="como já era de se esperar">como já era de se esperar</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_agora#Portuguese" title="já agora">já agora</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_era#Portuguese" title="já era">já era</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_era_hora#Portuguese" title="já era hora">já era hora</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_era_tempo#Portuguese" title="já era tempo">já era tempo</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_que#Portuguese" title="já que">já que</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_sei#Portuguese" title="já sei">já sei</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_vai_tarde#Portuguese" title="já vai tarde">já vai tarde</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/j%C3%A1_volto#Portuguese" title="já volto">já volto</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Descendants_2">Descendants</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=j%C3%A1&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Descendants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Angolar: <span class="Latn" lang="aoa"><a href="/wiki/dha#Angolar" title="dha">dha</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Annobonese: <span class="Latn" lang="fab"><a href="/wiki/za#Annobonese" title="za">za</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Guinea-Bissau Creole: <span class="Latn" lang="pov"><a href="/wiki/dja#Guinea-Bissau_Creole" title="dja">dja</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Indo-Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="idb"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Indo-Portuguese">já</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Kabuverdianu: <span class="Latn" lang="kea"><a href="/wiki/dja#Kabuverdianu" title="dja">dja</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Korlai Creole Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="vkp"><a href="/wiki/ja#Korlai_Creole_Portuguese" title="ja">ja</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="vkp"><a href="/wiki/ya#Korlai_Creole_Portuguese" title="ya">ya</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Macanese: <span class="Latn" lang="mzs"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Macanese">já</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Kristang: <span class="Latn" lang="mcm"><a href="/wiki/jah#Kristang" title="jah">jah</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Principense: <span class="Latn" lang="pre"><a href="/wiki/za#Principense" title="za">za</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Sãotomense: <span class="Latn" lang="cri"><a href="/wiki/za#Sãotomense" title="za">za</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other languages</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/j%C3%A1" title="já – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="já" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 November 2024, at 20:43.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Definitions and other text are available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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