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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ckb.wikipedia.org&uselang=ckb" class=""><span>بەخشین بە ویکیپیدیا</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AA:%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%98%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1&returnto=%DA%98%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5" title="تۆ ھان دەدرێیت کە ھەژمارێک دروست بکەیت و بچیتە ژوورەوە، ئەمە سەرەکی نییە بەھەرحاڵ" class=""><span>ھەژمار دروست بکە</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AA:%DA%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%95%DA%98%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%BE%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%95%D8%B1&returnto=%DA%98%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5" title="پێشنیارت پێدەکرێ بچیتە ژوورەوە؛ ھەرچەندە زۆرت لێناکرێ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>بچۆ ژوورەوە</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ھەڵبژاردەی زیاتر" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ئامڕازە تاکەکەسییەکان" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ئامڕازە تاکەکەسییەکان</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ckb.wikipedia.org&uselang=ckb"><span>بەخشین بە ویکیپیدیا</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AA:%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%98%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1&returnto=%DA%98%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5" title="تۆ ھان دەدرێیت کە ھەژمارێک دروست بکەیت و بچیتە ژوورەوە، ئەمە سەرەکی نییە بەھەرحاڵ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ھەژمار دروست بکە</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AA:%DA%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%95%DA%98%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%BE%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%95%D8%B1&returnto=%DA%98%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5" title="پێشنیارت پێدەکرێ بچیتە ژوورەوە؛ ھەرچەندە زۆرت لێناکرێ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>بچۆ ژوورەوە</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ئەو پەڕانەی بۆ ئەو دەستکاریکەرانەن کە لەدەرەوەن <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" aria-label="زیاتر لەسەر دەستکاریکردن فێر بە"><span>زیاتر فێر بە</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AA:%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B4%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85" title="پێڕستی ئەو دەستکارییانەی لەم ناونیشانی ئای-پییەوە کراوە [y]" accesskey="y"><span>بەشدارییەکان</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%AA:%D9%84%DB%8E%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%95%D9%85" title="لێدوان لەسەر دەستکارییەکان لەم ئایپی ئەدرەسەوە [n]" accesskey="n"><span>لێدوان</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="پێگە"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ناوەڕۆکەکان" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ناوەڕۆکەکان</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">بخە لاتەنیشت</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">بشارەوە</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">دەستپێک</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-پێناسە" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#پێناسە"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">١</span> <span>پێناسە</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-پێناسە-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سەرچاوەکان" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سەرچاوەکان"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">٢</span> <span>سەرچاوەکان</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سەرچاوەکان-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ناوەڕۆکەکان" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="خشتەی ناوەڕۆکەکان بگۆڕە" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">خشتەی ناوەڕۆکەکان بگۆڕە</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ژێرکۆمەڵ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="بڕۆ بۆ وتارێک بە زمانێکی تر. بە ٦٧ زمان بەردەستە" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">٦٧ زمان</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binkom" title="Binkom – کوردی" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Binkom" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="کوردی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B3%E1%88%85%E1%89%B3%E1%8B%AD_%E1%88%B5%E1%89%A5%E1%88%B5%E1%89%A5" title="ታህታይ ስብስብ – ئەمھەری" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ታህታይ ስብስብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="ئەمھەری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مجموعة جزئية – عەرەبی" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة جزئية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عەرەبی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Падмноства – بیلاڕووسی" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Падмноства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بیلاڕووسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Падмноства – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Падмноства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Подмножество – بۆلگاری" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Подмножество" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بۆلگاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="উপসেট – بەنگلادێشی" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উপসেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بەنگلادێشی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subconjunt" title="Subconjunt – كاتالۆنی" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Subconjunt" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="كاتالۆنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podmno%C5%BEina" title="Podmnožina – چێکی" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Podmnožina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چێکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Аййыш – چووڤاشی" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аййыш" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="چووڤاشی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is-set" title="Is-set – وێلزی" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Is-set" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="وێلزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delm%C3%A6ngde" title="Delmængde – دانماركی" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Delmængde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="دانماركی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teilmenge" title="Teilmenge – ئەڵمانی" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Teilmenge" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ئەڵمانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF" title="Υποσύνολο – یۆنانی" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υποσύνολο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یۆنانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subset" title="Subset – ئینگلیزی" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Subset" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ئینگلیزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subaro" title="Subaro – ئێسپیرانتۆ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Subaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ئێسپیرانتۆ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subconjunto" title="Subconjunto – ئیسپانی" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Subconjunto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ئیسپانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamhulk" title="Alamhulk – ئیستۆنی" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alamhulk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ئیستۆنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azpimultzo" title="Azpimultzo – باسکی" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Azpimultzo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87" title="زیرمجموعه – فارسی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زیرمجموعه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osajoukko" title="Osajoukko – فینلەندی" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Osajoukko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینلەندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alambhulk" title="Alambhulk – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Alambhulk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subset" title="Subset – فیجی" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Subset" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="فیجی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusion_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Inclusion (mathématiques) – فەرەنسی" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Inclusion (mathématiques)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فەرەنسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subconxunto" title="Subconxunto – گالیسی" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Subconxunto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="گالیسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%AA-%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%94" title="תת-קבוצה – عیبری" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תת-קבוצה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عیبری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%AF" title="उपसमुच्चय – هیندی" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उपसमुच्चय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هیندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podskup" title="Podskup – كرواتی" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Podskup" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="كرواتی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9szhalmaz" title="Részhalmaz – هەنگاری" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Részhalmaz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هەنگاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%B6%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ենթաբազմություն – ئەرمەنی" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ենթաբազմություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ئەرمەنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subinsimul" title="Subinsimul – ئینترلینگووا" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Subinsimul" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ئینترلینگووا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himpunan_bagian" title="Himpunan bagian – ئیندۆنیزی" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Himpunan bagian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ئیندۆنیزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subensemblo" title="Subensemblo – ئیدۆ" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Subensemblo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ئیدۆ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlutmengi" title="Hlutmengi – ئیسلەندی" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hlutmengi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ئیسلەندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusione_(matematica)" title="Inclusione (matematica) – ئیتالی" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Inclusione (matematica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ئیتالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88" title="部分集合 – ژاپۆنی" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="部分集合" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ژاپۆنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EB%B6%84%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9" title="부분집합 – كۆری" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부분집합" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="كۆری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusion" title="Inclusion – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Inclusion" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaibis" title="Poaibis – لیتوانی" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Poaibis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="لیتوانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Подмножество – ماكێدۆنی" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Подмножество" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ماكێدۆنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Дэд олонлог – مەنگۆلی" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дэд олонлог" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="مەنگۆلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subset" title="Subset – مالیزی" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Subset" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="مالیزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deelverzameling" title="Deelverzameling – هۆڵەندی" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Deelverzameling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هۆڵەندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delmengd" title="Delmengd – نەرویژیی نینۆرسک" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Delmengd" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="نەرویژیی نینۆرسک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delmengde" title="Delmengde – نەرویژیی بۆکمال" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Delmengde" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="نەرویژیی بۆکمال" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podzbi%C3%B3r" title="Podzbiór – پۆڵەندی" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Podzbiór" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پۆڵەندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subconjunto" title="Subconjunto – پورتوگالی" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Subconjunto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتوگالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submul%C8%9Bime" title="Submulțime – ڕۆمانی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Submulțime" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ڕۆمانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Подмножество – ڕووسی" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Подмножество" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ڕووسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suttanzemi" title="Suttanzemi – سیسیلی" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Suttanzemi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیسیلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podskup" title="Podskup – سێربۆكرواتی" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Podskup" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سێربۆكرواتی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subset" title="Subset – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Subset" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podmno%C5%BEina" title="Podmnožina – سلۆڤاكی" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Podmnožina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلۆڤاكی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podmno%C5%BEica" title="Podmnožica – سلۆڤێنی" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Podmnožica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلۆڤێنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Подскуп – سربی" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Подскуп" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delm%C3%A4ngd" title="Delmängd – سویدی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Delmängd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویدی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உட்கணம் – تامیلی" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உட்கணம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامیلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="เซตย่อย – تایلەندی" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซตย่อย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تایلەندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subpangkat" title="Subpangkat – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Subpangkat" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt_k%C3%BCme" title="Alt küme – تورکی" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alt küme" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="تورکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Підмножина – ئۆكراینی" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Підмножина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ئۆكراینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_h%E1%BB%A3p_con" title="Tập hợp con – ڤیەتنامی" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tập hợp con" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ڤیەتنامی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AAelverzoamelienge" title="Dêelverzoamelienge – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Dêelverzoamelienge" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%86" title="子集 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="子集" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%86" title="子集 – چینی" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="子集" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%86" title="子集 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="子集" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%86" title="子集 – کانتۆنی" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="子集" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کانتۆنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q177646#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="بەستەرەکانی نێوانویکی دەستکاری بکە" class="wbc-editpage">دەستکاریی گرێدانەکان</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="شوێنناوەکان"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ckb" dir="rtl"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%DA%95%DA%AF%DB%95:Venn_A_subset_B.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Venn_A_subset_B.svg/220px-Venn_A_subset_B.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Venn_A_subset_B.svg/330px-Venn_A_subset_B.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Venn_A_subset_B.svg/440px-Venn_A_subset_B.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>لە <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="بیرکاری">بیرکاری</a>، بەتایبەت لە <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="تیۆریی کۆمەڵ">تیۆریی کۆمەڵدا</a>، <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C)" class="mw-redirect" title="کۆمەڵ (بیرکاری)">کۆمەڵەی</a> A <b>ژێرکۆمەڵـ</b>ـێکی کۆمەڵەی Bیە ئەگەر A کەوتبێتە ناو B. ئەڵبەت دەکرێت A و B بەرانبەر بن. ئەو پەیوەندییە کە کۆمەڵیک ژێرکۆمەڵی ئەویتر بێت پێی دەگوترێت: <b>داگری</b>، یان ھەندێجار: <b>تێکەوتن</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="پێناسە"><span id=".D9.BE.DB.8E.D9.86.D8.A7.D8.B3.DB.95"></span>پێناسە</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%98%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5&action=edit&section=1" title="دەستکاریکردنی بەش: پێناسە"><span>دەستکاری</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ئەگەر <i>A</i> و <i>B</i> دوو کۆمەڵی جیاواز بن و ھەر <a href="/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C)" title="ئەندام (بیرکاری)">ئەندامێکی</a> <i>A</i> ئەندامێکی <i>B</i>ش بێت، ئەوکات: </p> <ul><li><i>A</i> ژێرکۆمەڵێکی <i>B</i>یە (یان <i>A</i> کەوتۆتە ناو <i>B</i>)، وە بەم جۆرە دیاریدەکرێت: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A\subseteq B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo>⊆</mo> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A\subseteq B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b09068bd2f7ba899aeb883ebe670b2ad07b0c851" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:6.606ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A\subseteq B}"></span>،</li></ul> <p>یان بە شێوەی ھاوەسەنگ: </p> <ul><li><i>B</i> <b>سەرکۆمەڵـ</b>ـێکی <i>A</i>یە (یان <i>B</i> داگری <i>A</i>یە)، وە بەم جۆرە دیاریدەکرێت: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B\supseteq A.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>⊇</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B\supseteq A.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/97ea526efd98a906be636b388a21920e4b24b0d6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:7.252ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B\supseteq A.}"></span></li></ul> <p>ئەگەر <i>A</i> ژێرکۆمەڵی <i>B</i> بێت، بەڵام <i>A</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B1_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="بەرابەر (بیرکاری) (ئەم پەڕەیە نییە)">بەرابەر</a> نەبێت لەگەڵ <i>B</i>دا (بۆ نموونە لانیکەم یەک ئەندام لە <i>B</i>دا ھەیە کە لە <i>A</i>دا نیە)، ئەوکات: </p> <ul><li><i>A</i> ژێرکۆمەڵێکی <b>ڕوونـ</b>ـی <i>B</i>یە. کە بەم جۆرە دەنووسرێت: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A\subsetneq B.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo>⊊</mo> <mi>B</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A\subsetneq B.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/639f58a37f0fda43f2ac7ddcb11ca9e03bb92350" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.252ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A\subsetneq B.}"></span></li></ul> <p>یان بە شێوەی ھاوسەنگ: </p> <ul><li><i>B</i> سەرکۆمەڵێکی ڕوونی <i>A</i>یە. کە بەم جۆرە دەنووسرێت: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B\supsetneq A.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>⊋</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B\supsetneq A.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fef23c14530ad2c9cb50ca9949e4addaa12ffd79" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.252ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B\supsetneq A.}"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سەرچاوەکان"><span id=".D8.B3.DB.95.D8.B1.DA.86.D8.A7.D9.88.DB.95.DA.A9.D8.A7.D9.86"></span>سەرچاوەکان</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%98%DB%8E%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5&action=edit&section=2" title="دەستکاریکردنی بەش: سەرچاوەکان"><span>دەستکاری</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Enderton, H. B. <i>Elements of Set Theory</i>, 2nd edition, ACADEMIC Press, Inc. , 1977.</li></ul> <ul class="bandeau-portail وێنۆچکەکان" id="bandeau-portail"> <li class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone" style="margin-right:1em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="دەروازە:ماتماتیک"><img alt="ھێمای دەروازە" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/P_math_blank.svg/31px-P_math_blank.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/P_math_blank.svg/47px-P_math_blank.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/P_math_blank.svg/62px-P_math_blank.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="دەروازە:ماتماتیک">دەروازەی ماتماتیک</a></span></li> <li class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone" style="margin-right:1em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95:%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DA%B5%DB%95" title="دەروازە:تیۆریی کۆمەڵە"><img alt="ھێمای دەروازە" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Venn0001.svg/32px-Venn0001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Venn0001.svg/48px-Venn0001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Venn0001.svg/64px-Venn0001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="299" /></a></span></span><span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a 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