CINXE.COM
Frequently Asked Questions | data.europa.eu
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://data.europa.eu/en/faq" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <style>div#sliding-popup, div#sliding-popup .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab {background: #196FD2} div#sliding-popup.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper { background: transparent; } #sliding-popup h1, #sliding-popup h2, #sliding-popup h3, #sliding-popup p, #sliding-popup label, #sliding-popup div, .eu-cookie-compliance-more-button, .eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { color: #ffffff;} .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { border-color: #ffffff;}</style> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "GovernmentOrganization", "@id": "https://data.europa.eu/en", "name": "data.europa.eu", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/data.europa.eu", "https://twitter.com/EU_opendata", "https://www.youtube.com/user/PublicationsOffice\u0022", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/publications-office-of-the-european-union" ], "url": "https://data.europa.eu/en", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/logo/standard-version/positive/logo-eu--en.svg" }, "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "20, rue de Reims", "postalCode": "2417", "addressCountry": "Luxembourg" } }, { "@type": "WebSite", "@id": "https://data.europa.eu/en", "name": "data.europa.eu", "url": "https://data.europa.eu/en" } ] }</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://data.europa.eu/en" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Frequently Asked Questions" } ] }</script> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/edp3/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <script>(function(window, document, dataLayerName, id) { window[dataLayerName]=window[dataLayerName]||[],window[dataLayerName].push({start:(new Date).getTime(),event:"stg.start"});var scripts=document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0],tags=document.createElement('script'); function stgCreateCookie(a,b,c){var d="";if(c){var e=new Date;e.setTime(e.getTime()+24*c*60*60*1e3),d="; expires="+e.toUTCString();f="; SameSite=Strict"}document.cookie=a+"="+b+d+f+"; path=/"} var isStgDebug=(window.location.href.match("stg_debug")||document.cookie.match("stg_debug"))&&!window.location.href.match("stg_disable_debug");stgCreateCookie("stg_debug",isStgDebug?1:"",isStgDebug?14:-1); var qP=[];dataLayerName!=="dataLayer"&&qP.push("data_layer_name="+dataLayerName),isStgDebug&&qP.push("stg_debug");var qPString=qP.length>0?("?"+qP.join("&")):""; tags.async=!0,tags.src="https://analytics.webanalytics.op.europa.eu/containers/"+id+".js"+qPString,scripts.parentNode.insertBefore(tags,scripts); !function(a,n,i){a[n]=a[n]||{};for(var c=0;c<i.length;c++)!function(i){a[n][i]=a[n][i]||{},a[n][i].api=a[n][i].api||function(){var a=[].slice.call(arguments,0);"string"==typeof a[0]&&window[dataLayerName].push({event:n+"."+i+":"+a[0],parameters:[].slice.call(arguments,1)})}}(i[c])}(window,"ppms",["tm","cm"]); })(window, document, 'dataLayer', '17a3f28e-e00f-4d28-a2eb-0a82687dbc96');</script> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/themes/edp3/favicon.ico"> <title>Frequently Asked Questions | data.europa.eu</title> <meta name="theme-color" content="#202272" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_VXFypmZ5KZvYpySyaEyQH6JCJbk26_MVZUBiauWZ-00.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=edp3&include=eJxtT1sOwyAMuxCMjx0I8fBa1AARgVW7_dp1nSZtP47txJKDyLbXSj2xmB2UPKQjG-8ECpGvpiFC0lQOhUAaQ2HYUOuSsI3MlFwJMP9MG3Fzg_qethMKmiOzcX1cyo9fsAqhdzQtw0toyUNz5cHqnradeeEl1zjo3XCGi2jfXAtcC7OqsCv8_qCY2AY7upxaS3atUz2jnxKc1rQ8ATBAa_w" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_KpXU9ihWnUPvUi8Zt-5O83IX_66-6UmSWPGgcX-pjR8.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=edp3&include=eJxtT1sOwyAMuxCMjx0I8fBa1AARgVW7_dp1nSZtP47txJKDyLbXSj2xmB2UPKQjG-8ECpGvpiFC0lQOhUAaQ2HYUOuSsI3MlFwJMP9MG3Fzg_qethMKmiOzcX1cyo9fsAqhdzQtw0toyUNz5cHqnradeeEl1zjo3XCGi2jfXAtcC7OqsCv8_qCY2AY7upxaS3atUz2jnxKc1rQ8ATBAa_w" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="2ViS1uDVvkRTNx-HazEHAFB4a1-vnMODXIASAcCaFkk" /> <meta name="keywords" content="data.europa.eu" /> </head> <body> <a href="#main-content" class="ecl-link ecl-link--primary ecl-skip-link" >Skip to main content</a> <script type="application/json">{"utility":"globan","theme":"dark","logo":true,"link":true,"mode":false}</script> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div id="edp3" class="innerpage faq"> <div id="edp-top"></div> <header class="ecl-site-header" data-ecl-auto-init="SiteHeader" data-ecl-has-menu><div class="ecl-site-header__header"><div class="ecl-site-header__container ecl-container"><div class="ecl-site-header__top" data-ecl-site-header-top><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__logo-link" aria-label="European Union" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-site-header__picture" title="European Union"><source srcset="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/logo/standard-version/positive/logo-eu--en.svg" media="(min-width: 996px)" ><img class="ecl-site-header__logo-image" src="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/logo/condensed-version/positive/logo-eu--en.svg" alt="European Union flag" /></picture></a><div class="ecl-site-header__action"><div class="ecl-site-header__login-container"><a class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-site-header__login-toggle" href="https://ecas.ec.europa.eu/cas/login?loginRequestId=ECAS_LR-18773773-VMHQ4SqcEFU4QHFVz%5B%E2%80%A6%5DxXcvxaiDZetpHYKMc6V8ZnyPakapEYoWY1sEOGB4gvoJsshKDGzUaFXox69P" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-site-header__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#log-in"></use></svg>Log in</a></div><div class="ecl-site-header__language"><a class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-site-header__language-selector" href="/" data-ecl-language-selector role="button" aria-label="Change language" aria-controls="language-list-overlay" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-icon"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-site-header__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#global"></use></svg></span>English</a><div class="ecl-site-header__language-container" id="language-list-overlay" hidden data-ecl-language-list-overlay aria-labelledby="ecl-site-header__language-title" role="dialog"><div class="ecl-site-header__language-header"><div class="ecl-site-header__language-title" id="ecl-site-header__language-title" >Select your language</div><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-site-header__language-close" type="submit" data-ecl-language-list-close><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-u-sr-only" data-ecl-label="true">Close</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--after" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close-filled"></use></svg></span></button></div><div class="ecl-site-header__language-content"><div class="ecl-site-header__language-category" data-ecl-language-list-eu><div class="ecl-site-header__language-category-title">Official EU languages:</div><ul class="ecl-site-header__language-list"><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/en/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link ecl-site-header__language-link--active" lang="en" hreflang="en" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">en</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">English</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/bg/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">bg</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">Български</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/es/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="es" hreflang="es" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">es</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">Español</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/cs/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">cs</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">čeština</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/da/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="da" hreflang="da" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">da</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">dansk</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/de/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="de" hreflang="de" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">de</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/et/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="et" hreflang="et" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">et</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">eesti</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/el/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="el" hreflang="el" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">el</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/fr/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">fr</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">français</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/ga/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">ga</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/hr/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">hr</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/it/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="it" hreflang="it" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">it</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">italiano</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/lt/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">lt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/lv/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">lv</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">latviešu</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/hu/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">hu</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">magyar</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/mt/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">mt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">Malti</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/nl/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">nl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/pl/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">pl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">polski</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/pt/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">pt</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">português</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/ro/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">ro</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">română</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/sk/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sk</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/sl/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sl</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/fi/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">fi</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">suomi</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-header__language-item"><a href="/sv/faq" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-header__language-link" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" ><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-code">sv</span><span class="ecl-site-header__language-link-label">svenska</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="ecl-site-header__search-container" role="search"><a class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-site-header__search-toggle" href="/searchToggler" data-ecl-search-toggle="true" aria-controls="search-form-id" aria-expanded="false" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-site-header__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#search"></use></svg>Search</a><form class="ecl-search-form ecl-site-header__search" role="search" data-ecl-search-form id="ecl-header-search-form" action="/data"><div class="ecl-form-group"><label for="ecl-header-search-input" class="ecl-form-label ecl-search-form__label" >Search</label><input id="ecl-header-search-input" class="ecl-text-input ecl-text-input--m ecl-search-form__text-input" type="search" placeholder="Search" /></div><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--search ecl-search-form__button" type="submit" aria-label="Search"><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Search</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--after" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#search"></use></svg></span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ecl-site-header__banner"><div class="ecl-container"><div class="ecl-site-header__site-name"><div class="header-title-wrapper"><div id="block-headerecltitle" class="block block-block-content block-block-content44818284-44c9-4b6a-b738-6aed80f70f66 block-header-ecl-title"><div class="site-name"><div class="field field--name-field-site-name field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">European data</div></div><div class="description ecl-u-d-flex ecl-u-align-items-center"><div class="tagline ecl-u-bg-grey-5 ecl-u-type-paragraph-m"><div class="field field--name-field-tagline field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">data.europa.eu</div></div><div class="sub-name ecl-u-type-paragraph-m"><div class="field field--name-field-subname field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">The official portal for European data</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><nav class="ecl-menu ecl-menu--group1" data-ecl-menu data-ecl-menu-max-lines="2" data-ecl-auto-init="Menu" aria-expanded="false" role="navigation" ><div class="ecl-menu__overlay" data-ecl-menu-overlay></div><div class="ecl-container ecl-menu__container"><a class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-menu__open" href="/component-library/example#up3y8" data-ecl-menu-open ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#hamburger"></use></svg>Menu</a><section class="ecl-menu__inner" data-ecl-menu-inner><header class="ecl-menu__inner-header"><button class="ecl-menu__close ecl-button ecl-button--text" type="submit" data-ecl-menu-close ><span class="ecl-menu__close-container ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--before" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close-filled"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label="true">Close</span></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__title">Menu</div><button data-ecl-menu-back type="submit" class="ecl-menu__back ecl-button ecl-button--text" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-270 ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--before" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><span class="ecl-button__label" data-ecl-label >Back</span></span></button></header><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__items-previous" type="button" data-ecl-menu-items-previous tabindex="-1"><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--rotate-270 ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--before" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><span class="ecl-u-sr-only" data-ecl-label="true">Previous items</span></span></button><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--ghost ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__items-next" type="button" data-ecl-menu-items-next tabindex="-1"><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--before" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg><span class="ecl-u-sr-only" data-ecl-label="true">Next items</span></span></button><ul class="ecl-menu__list" data-ecl-menu-list><li class="ecl-menu__item" data-ecl-menu-item><a href="/en" class="ecl-menu__link" data-ecl-menu-link>Home</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false"><a href="" class="ecl-menu__link" data-ecl-menu-link>Data</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-menu__button-caret" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children"><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--after" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets?locale=en&minScoring=0" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Quick search</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/sparql?locale=en" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >SPARQL Search</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/search/" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >API Search</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://data.europa.eu/mqa/?locale=en" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Metadata quality</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://data.europa.eu/catalogue-statistics/CurrentState?locale=en" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Statistics</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets?is_hvd=true&locale=en" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >High-Value Datasets</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets?superCatalog=erpd&locale=en" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >European Register for Protected Data</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item" data-ecl-menu-item><a href="/en/euopendatadays" class="ecl-menu__link" data-ecl-menu-link>EU Open Data Days</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__item" data-ecl-menu-item><a href="/en/academy" class="ecl-menu__link" data-ecl-menu-link>Academy</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false"><a href="" class="ecl-menu__link" data-ecl-menu-link>Community</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-menu__button-caret" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children"><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--after" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/apps" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Apps</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/news-events/events" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Events</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/podcasts" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Podcasts</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/contact-us" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Contact us</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item ecl-menu__item--has-children" data-ecl-menu-item data-ecl-has-children aria-haspopup aria-expanded="false"><a href="/en/search" class="ecl-menu__link" data-ecl-menu-link>Publications</a><button class="ecl-button ecl-button--primary ecl-menu__button-caret" type="button" data-ecl-menu-caret aria-label="Access item's children"><span class="ecl-button__container"><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-180 ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--after" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></span></button><div class="ecl-menu__mega" data-ecl-menu-mega ><ul class="ecl-menu__sublist"><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/publications/overview" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Overview</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/publications/open-data-maturity" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Open data maturity</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/publications/datastories" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Data stories</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/news-events/news" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >News and Highlights</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/news-events/newsletter" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Newsletter</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/publications/studies" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Studies</a></li><li class="ecl-menu__subitem" data-ecl-menu-subitem ><a href="/en/publications/country-insights" class="ecl-menu__sublink" >Country insights</a></li></ul></div></li><li class="ecl-menu__item" data-ecl-menu-item><a href="https://dataeuropa.gitlab.io/data-provider-manual/" class="ecl-menu__link" data-ecl-menu-link>Documentation<svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-menu__link-icon--external ecl-menu__link-icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#external"></use></svg></a></li></ul></section></div></nav></header> <div id="breadcrumbs"> <div> <div id="block-edp3-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block block-breadcrumbs ecl-container"> <section> <nav class="ecl-breadcrumb ecl-u-border-bottom ecl-u-border-width-1 ecl-u-border-color-grey-20" aria-label="You are here:" data-ecl-breadcrumb="true"><ol class="ecl-breadcrumb__container"><li class="ecl-breadcrumb__segment" data-ecl-breadcrumb-item="static"><a href="/en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-breadcrumb__link" >Home</a><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--xs ecl-icon--rotate-90 ecl-breadcrumb__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#corner-arrow"></use></svg></li><li class="ecl-breadcrumb__segment ecl-breadcrumb__current-page" data-ecl-breadcrumb-item="static" aria-current="page">Frequently Asked Questions</li></ol></nav> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ecl-container"> <div> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <div id="main-content"> <div id="content"> <div class="ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-row"> <main id="content_middle" class="ecl-col-l-12"> <div> <div id="block-edp3-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block block-main-page-content"> <section> <div class="views-element-container"> <div class="view view-faq-list view-id-faq_list view-display-id-page_1 js-view-dom-id-76ac41cfebea69bfb74e09f36174b6dac4623dc280124dc6d3e691b9b32f7665"> <a href="#skip-results-faq_list-page_1" class="visually-hidden focusable">Skip results of view Frequently Asked Questions</a> <div class="view-content"> <h3 class="ecl-content-block__title">Using the portal</h3> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">How can I contribute to the portal?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><ul> <li> <p>Give us <a href="/en/feedback/form?type=feedback-suggestions">feedback</a>, e.g., suggest new functionalities you would like to see on the portal </p> </li> <li> <p><a href="/en/about/add-your-open-data-catalogue" target="_blank">Suggest a portal to be harvested by us</a> </p> </li> <li> <p><a href="/impact-studies/tell-us-your-story " target="_blank">Share your story</a> on how you make use of open data </p> </li> </ul> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Where could I find more information and documentation? </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><ul> <li> <p>In the <a href="/sites/default/files/edp_s1_man_portal-version_4.3-user-manual_v1.0.pdf" target="_blank">user manual</a> </p> </li> <li> <p>In the <a href="/en/impact-studies/studies" target="_blank">Studies</a> section of the portal. </p> </li> </ul> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Can I use the data for business?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>All data is available for free and can be used, for example, for business creation. For more details, see <a href="/en/legal-notice">legal notice</a>. </p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Why do the translations of content contain errors?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>The portal uses the European Commission machine translation service <a href="https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/etranslation/public/welcome.html" target="_blank">eTranslation</a>. This service covers all the <a href="https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/eu-languages_en" target="_blank">EU's official languages</a>. Machine translations can contain errors. If you spot any, <a href="/en/feedback/form">let us know</a>. </p> <p>More information about the service is available on the <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/resources-partners/machine-translation-public-administrations-etranslation_en" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">European Commission website</a>.</p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Which format can I download the data in?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>Datasets can be exported to WMS, WFS, KML, HTML, Excel, PDF, XML, JSON, RSS, GML, SVG, SHP, PNG, JPEG, GIF, RDF-XML, RDF-Turtle, RDF-N3, OCTET STREAM, JSON-LD, and Atom. </p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Why does the portal harvest datasets published in non-proprietary file formats?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>The portal collects all datasets from the portals it harvests, without excluding any formats. Data are collected in the file format provided by the source. </p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Why does the portal harvest datasets published under a non-commercial licence?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>Data.europa.eu collects all datasets from the portals it harvests, without excluding datasets under non-commercial licences. Data is collected with the type of licence provided by the source. </p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">What is a licence?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>A licence is an explicit and legally binding statement of recipients’ rights, restrictions and obligations in relation to a specific dataset. Usually, it is expressed through a written contract or through a unilateral statement from the rights holder(s), but it may also be expressed through legislation or other regulatory initiatives.</p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">What is analysed by the Metadata Quality Assurance tool?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>The datasets stored in the portal need to be of an appropriate quality in terms of: </p> <ul> <li>DCAT-AP-compliant mapping</li> <li>Available distributions</li> <li>Usage of machine-readable distribution formats</li> <li>Usage of known open-source licences.</li> </ul> <p>To check the datasets for these <strong>quality indicators</strong> the <a href="/mqa/?locale=en." target="_blank">Metadata Quality Assurance (MQA)</a> tool was developed. The MQA runs as a periodic process in parallel to the harvesting. CKAN and Virtuoso are filled with metadata through the harvesting process. As CKAN cannot store DCAT-AP-formatted datasets directly, the datasets are mapped into a JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) schema that is DCAT-AP compliant. The MQA uses this schema for checking each dataset for its DCAT-AP mapping compliance. If there are any compliance issues detected, for instance if a mandatory field is missing, the dataset is considered as not DCAT-AP compliant. </p> <p>The MQA presents its results in two views. </p> <ul> <li>The landing page or ‘<strong>Global Dashboard</strong>’. This view shows aggregated results for the entire service, i.e. the quality details for all catalogues.</li> <li>The second view or ‘<strong>Catalogue Dashboard</strong>’. This view allows you to select a specific catalogue for which you want to display the quality details.</li> </ul> <p>The current quality indicators include the following. </p> <ol start="1"> <li> <p>Distribution statistics: </p> <ol type="a"> <li>accessible distributions</li> <li>error status codes</li> <li>download URL</li> <li>existence, </li> <li>top 20 catalogues with most accessible distributions, </li> <li>ratio of machine-readable datasets, </li> <li>most-used distribution formats, </li> <li>top 20 catalogues mostly using common machine-readable datasets. </li> </ol> </li> <li>Dataset compliance statistics: <ol type="a"> <li>top violation occurrences, </li> <li>compliant datasets, </li> <li>top 20 catalogues with most DCAT-AP-compliant datasets. </li> </ol> </li> <li>Dataset licence usage: <ol type="a"> <li>ratio of known to unknown licences, </li> <li>most used licences, </li> <li>top 20 catalogues with most datasets with known licences.</li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Why do some datasets generate an error in the visualisation tool?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>The visualisation tool uses the files as provided by the source. It is possible that the tool does not accept the provided file format or that the files are corrupted at the source. The portal has no influence on the source files. </p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">How can I find a dataset that contains geographic coordinates? </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>The <a href="/data/datasets?locale=en&minScoring=0." target="_blank">map search</a> enables users to find datasets containing geo information from a specific region. You must type in the region or draw a bounding box on the map.</p> </div></div></div> </div> <h3 class="ecl-content-block__title">Collecting datasets</h3> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">How can my portal be harvested?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>You find all information on this <a href="/about/add-your-open-data-catalogue ">page</a>.</p> </div></div></div> </div> <h3 class="ecl-content-block__title">Reusing data</h3> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Which APIs are available and where can I find information about them? </span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>API access URLs: </p> <ul> <li>Search: <a href="/api/hub/search/" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/search/</a> (Note: Only 'Read-Only' actions are currently supported for this API) </li> <li>SPARQL: <a href="/sparql" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/sparql</a></li> <li>Registry: <a href="/api/hub/repo/" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/repo/</a></li> <li>Use Cases: <a href="/en/export-use-cases" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/en/export-use-cases</a></li> </ul> <p>API Documentation is available for the following systems: </p> <ul> <li>Search: <a href="/api/hub/search/" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/search/</a></li> <li>SPARQL: <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/" target="_blank">https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/</a></li> <li>Download MQA reports: <a href="/api/mqa/reporter/index.html" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/api/mqa/reporter/index.html</a></li> <li>How metadata is used checked by MQA: <a href="/mqa/methodology" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/mqa/methodology</a></li> <li>MQA API: <a href="/api/mqa/cache/index.html" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/api/mqa/cache/index.html</a></li> <li>SHACL metadata validation: <a href="https://data.europa.eu/api/mqa/shacl/index.html" target="_blank" title="https://data.europa.eu/api/mqa/shacl/">https://data.europa.eu/api/mqa/shacl/index.html</a></li> <li>SHACL metadata validation UI: <a href="/mqa/shacl-validator-ui/" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/mqa/shacl-validator-ui/</a></li> <li>Read access to triple store data content: <a href="https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/repo/index.html" target="_blank" title="https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/repo/index.html">https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/repo/index.html</a></li> </ul> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="faq-element"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title faq-question"><span class="field-content">Can I integrate an external application with the portal?</span></div><div class="views-field views-field-body faq-answer"><div class="field-content"><p>Integration on any external application with the portal can only happen at the dataset level by using the existing CKAN-API, via which you may "extract/query" datasets. </p> <p>E.g., the API calls "<a href="/api/hub/search/#tag/Ckan" target="_blank">https://data.europa.eu/api/hub/search/#tag/Ckan</a>" and returns the list of datasets categorised in JSON format. </p> <p>You can also use the SPARQL-Manager and run customised SPARQL queries against the Virtuoso RDF triple store that is synchronised with the CKAN repository. </p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="skip-results-faq_list-page_1"></div> </div></div> </section> </div> <div id="block-edp3-newslettersubscription" class="block block-edp-general block-newsletter-subscription-block block-newsletter-subscription"> <section> <div id="block--newsletter-subscription"> <section> <div class="newsletter-popup--overlay ecl-u-bg-blue-5 ecl-u-pv-xl ecl-u-border-top ecl-u-border-width-1 ecl-u-border-color-blue-20" style="display: none"> <div class="ecl-container"> <div class="ecl-u-d-flex ecl-u-flex-column ecl-u-flex-m-row"> <div class="ecl-u-mr-m-l ecl-u-mb-l ecl-u-mb-m-none"> <h3 class="ecl-u-type-heading-2 ecl-u-mt-none ecl-u-mb-m ecl-u-type-color-black">Subscribe to our newsletter</h3> <p class="ecl-u-mv-none ecl-u-type-color-black">Get the latest information on data related events, news and publications.</p> </div> <div class="ecl-u-d-m-flex ecl-u-align-items-center ecl-u-flex-shrink-0 ecl-u-flex-grow-0 ecl-u-ml-m-auto"> <div class="ecl-u-d-flex ecl-u-flex-column ecl-u-align-items-center"> <a href="https://data.europa.eu/en/newsletter" class="ecl-link ecl-link--primary ecl-link--no-visited ecl-u-pv-m ecl-u-ph-xl subscribe" >Subscribe</a> <button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-u-mt-xs cancel" type="button" >Don't ask me again</button> </div> </div> <button class="ecl-button ecl-button--tertiary ecl-u-flex-shrink-0 ecl-u-flex-grow-0 ecl-u-ml-auto ecl-u-ml-m-l ecl-u-align-self-center close" type="button" ><span class="ecl-button__container"><span class="ecl-u-sr-only" data-ecl-label="true">Close</span><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-button__icon ecl-button__icon--after" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" data-ecl-icon><use xlink:href="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/icons/sprites/icons.svg#close"></use></svg></span></button> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </section> </div> </div> </main> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="ecl-site-footer"><div class="ecl-container ecl-site-footer__container"><div class="ecl-site-footer__row"><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section ecl-site-footer__section--site-info"><a href="https://op.europa.eu/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-footer__logo-link" aria-label="Publications Office of European Union" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-site-footer__picture" title="Publications Office of European Union"><source srcset="/themes/edp3/dist/assets/op-logo.png" media="(min-width: 996px)" ><img class="ecl-site-footer__logo-image" src="/themes/edp3/dist/assets/op-logo.png" alt="Publications Office of European Union logo" /></picture></a><div class="ecl-site-footer__description"><p>This website is managed by the <a href="https://op.europa.eu/">Publications Office of the European Union</a></p></div></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">Contact</h2><div class="ecl-site-footer__description"></div><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://data.europa.eu/contact-us" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >Contact the data.europa.eu team</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://data.europa.eu/newsletter" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >Subscribe to our newsletter</a></li></ul></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">Follow us on</h2><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list ecl-site-footer__list--inline"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/EU_opendata" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-before ecl-site-footer__link" aria-label="Link to X/Twitter" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--primary ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/edp3/assets/svg/ecl-icons/social-media.svg#x"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">X/Twitter</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/data.europa.eu" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-before ecl-site-footer__link" aria-label="Link to Facebook" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--primary ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/edp3/assets/svg/ecl-icons/social-media.svg#facebook"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">Facebook</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/publications-office-of-the-european-union" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-before ecl-site-footer__link" aria-label="Link to LinkedIn" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--primary ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/edp3/assets/svg/ecl-icons/social-media.svg#linkedin"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">LinkedIn</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/eu_publicationsoffice/?hl=en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-before ecl-site-footer__link" aria-label="Link to Instagram" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--primary ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/edp3/assets/svg/ecl-icons/social-media.svg#instagram"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">Instagram</span></a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/PublicationsOffice" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-link--icon ecl-link--icon-before ecl-site-footer__link" aria-label="Link to Youtube" ><svg class="ecl-icon ecl-icon--s ecl-icon--primary ecl-link__icon" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" ><use xlink:href="/themes/edp3/assets/svg/ecl-icons/social-media.svg#youtube"></use></svg><span class="ecl-link__label">Youtube</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">About us</h2><div class="ecl-site-footer__description"><p><a href="https://op.europa.eu/web/about-us/about-publication-office-of-the-european-union">Our mission, vision and values</a></p><p><a href="https://op.europa.eu/web/general-publications/newsletters">Publications Office newsletter</a></p></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">Other services</h2><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >EU law</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://ted.europa.eu/en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >EU tenders</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >EU research results</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://op.europa.eu/web/who-is-who" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >EU Whoiswho</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://op.europa.eu/web/general-publications/publications" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >EU Publications</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__row"><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/index_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-site-footer__logo-link" aria-label="European Union" ><picture class="ecl-picture ecl-site-footer__picture" title="European Union"><source srcset="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/logo/standard-version/positive/logo-eu--en.svg" media="(min-width: 996px)" ><img class="ecl-site-footer__logo-image" src="https://data.europa.eu/themes/edp3/dist/ecl/preset-eu/dist/images/logo/condensed-version/positive/logo-eu--en.svg" alt="European Union logo" /></picture></a><div class="ecl-site-footer__description"><p>Discover more on <a href="http://europa.eu/" target="_blank">europa.eu</a></p></div></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">Contact the EU</h2><div class="ecl-site-footer__description"><p>Call us <a href="tel:00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11" target="_blank">00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11</a><br /> Use other <a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/call-us_en" target="_blank">telephone options</a><br /> Write us via our <a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/write-us_en" target="_blank">contact form</a><br /> Meet us at one of the <a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/meet-us_en" target="_blank">EU centres</a></p></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">Legal</h2><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="/en/copyright-notice" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >Legal notice</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://dataeuropa.gitlab.io/data-provider-manual/legal-notice/cookies/" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >Cookies</a></li><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://op.europa.eu/web/about-us/legal-notices/accessibility-statement" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >Accessibility</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__column"><div class="ecl-site-footer__section"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">Social media</h2><div class="ecl-site-footer__description"><p>Search for EU <a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/contact-eu/social-media-channels_en" target="_blank">social media channels</a></p></div></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__section ecl-footer-standardised__section--desktop"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">EU institutions</h2><ul class="ecl-site-footer__list"><li class="ecl-site-footer__list-item"><a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/institutions-law-budget/institutions-and-bodies/search-all-eu-institutions-and-bodies_en" class="ecl-link ecl-link--standalone ecl-link--no-visited ecl-site-footer__link" >Search all EU institutions and bodies</a></li></ul></div><div class="ecl-site-footer__section ecl-footer-standardised__section--mobile"><h2 class="ecl-site-footer__title ecl-site-footer__title--separator">EU Institutions</h2><div class="ecl-site-footer__description"><p>Search for <a href="https://european-union.europa.eu/institutions-law-budget/institutions-and-bodies/search-all-eu-institutions-and-bodies_en" target="_blank">EU institutions</a></p></div></div></div></div></div></footer> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"en\/","currentPath":"faq","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"eu_cookie_compliance":{"cookie_policy_version":"1.0.0","popup_enabled":true,"popup_agreed_enabled":false,"popup_hide_agreed":false,"popup_clicking_confirmation":false,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--opt-in\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\n\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EMore info\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button\u0022\u003EAccept all cookies\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022decline-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EAccept only essential cookies\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--opt-in\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003EMore info\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button\u0022\u003EAccept all cookies\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022decline-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EAccept only essential cookies\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","mobile_breakpoint":768,"popup_html_agreed":false,"popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":1000,"popup_link":"\/en\/legal-notice","popup_link_new_window":false,"popup_position":false,"fixed_top_position":true,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":false,"cookie_name":"cookie_consent_drupal","reload_page":false,"domain":"","domain_all_sites":false,"popup_eu_only":false,"popup_eu_only_js":false,"cookie_lifetime":395,"cookie_session":0,"set_cookie_session_zero_on_disagree":0,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":false,"method":"opt_in","automatic_cookies_removal":true,"allowed_cookies":"user_experience_survey\r\nnewsletter_subscription","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYou have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button \u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","withdraw_enabled":false,"reload_options":0,"reload_routes_list":"","withdraw_button_on_info_popup":false,"cookie_categories":[],"cookie_categories_details":[],"enable_save_preferences_button":true,"cookie_value_disagreed":"0","cookie_value_agreed_show_thank_you":"1","cookie_value_agreed":"2","containing_element":"body","settings_tab_enabled":false,"olivero_primary_button_classes":"","olivero_secondary_button_classes":"","close_button_action":"close_banner","open_by_default":true,"modules_allow_popup":true,"hide_the_banner":false,"geoip_match":true},"header-search":{"currentLanguage":"en","path":"https:\/\/data.europa.eu"},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"b03c72377afc8005cc94cb71eb46225d5a2a4131b9ba44df8372d0ffa9a358e1"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_ArHDA_jHgtuoXM6wR6h6DyOr9zSfdHxUHq3b7iaRujE.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=edp3&include=eJxtT1sOwyAMuxCMjx0I8fBa1AARgVW7_dp1nSZtP47txJKDyLbXSj2xmB2UPKQjG-8ECpGvpiFC0lQOhUAaQ2HYUOuSsI3MlFwJMP9MG3Fzg_qethMKmiOzcX1cyo9fsAqhdzQtw0toyUNz5cHqnradeeEl1zjo3XCGi2jfXAtcC7OqsCv8_qCY2AY7upxaS3atUz2jnxKc1rQ8ATBAa_w"></script> <script src="/modules/custom/edp_tooltips/js/tips.js?sn92bp" defer async></script> <script src="/themes/edp3/dist/redesign.js?v=1.x"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_mbiBhPZUwRWkT21EGkk4lbKHvl59hKGw8VQ60eLL0zc.js?scope=footer&delta=3&language=en&theme=edp3&include=eJxtT1sOwyAMuxCMjx0I8fBa1AARgVW7_dp1nSZtP47txJKDyLbXSj2xmB2UPKQjG-8ECpGvpiFC0lQOhUAaQ2HYUOuSsI3MlFwJMP9MG3Fzg_qethMKmiOzcX1cyo9fsAqhdzQtw0toyUNz5cHqnradeeEl1zjo3XCGi2jfXAtcC7OqsCv8_qCY2AY7upxaS3atUz2jnxKc1rQ8ATBAa_w"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/eu_cookie_compliance/js/eu_cookie_compliance.min.js?v=10.2.10" defer></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_UuPEB1cTUitB_3MeBJpgSFIz5xAeMFUTFpWxf8jHHVg.js?scope=footer&delta=5&language=en&theme=edp3&include=eJxtT1sOwyAMuxCMjx0I8fBa1AARgVW7_dp1nSZtP47txJKDyLbXSj2xmB2UPKQjG-8ECpGvpiFC0lQOhUAaQ2HYUOuSsI3MlFwJMP9MG3Fzg_qethMKmiOzcX1cyo9fsAqhdzQtw0toyUNz5cHqnradeeEl1zjo3XCGi2jfXAtcC7OqsCv8_qCY2AY7upxaS3atUz2jnxKc1rQ8ATBAa_w"></script> <script src="https://europa.eu/webtools/load.js" defer></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_xfGZ-IsUD0-f8ovZhDe4c_nmLFwApD4noLsP4hkUAHE.js?scope=footer&delta=7&language=en&theme=edp3&include=eJxtT1sOwyAMuxCMjx0I8fBa1AARgVW7_dp1nSZtP47txJKDyLbXSj2xmB2UPKQjG-8ECpGvpiFC0lQOhUAaQ2HYUOuSsI3MlFwJMP9MG3Fzg_qethMKmiOzcX1cyo9fsAqhdzQtw0toyUNz5cHqnradeeEl1zjo3XCGi2jfXAtcC7OqsCv8_qCY2AY7upxaS3atUz2jnxKc1rQ8ATBAa_w"></script> </body> </html>