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class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-60de62f3-0a34-4fc6-bd6d-11a9fee5f761"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-60de62f3-0a34-4fc6-bd6d-11a9fee5f761"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Rafael Castro Alegría" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3397257/1148770/35918802/s200_rafael.castro_alegr_a.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Rafael Castro Alegría</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/">Universidad del Valle - Colombia</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/Departments/Derecho_y_Ciencia_Pol%C3%ADtica/Documents">Derecho y Ciencia Política</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://icesi.academia.edu/">Universidad Icesi</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://icesi.academia.edu/Departments/Ciencias_Politicas/Documents">Ciencias Politicas</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://urosario.academia.edu/">Universidad del Rosario</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://urosario.academia.edu/Departments/Facultad_de_Estudios_Internacionales_Pol%C3%ADticos_y_Urbanos/Documents">Facultad de Estudios Internacionales, Políticos y Urbanos</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Rafael" data-follow-user-id="3397257" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="3397257"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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Science. Doing research on International Relations, Poststructuralism, Political Discourse Theory, Ideology Analysis, Regional (Dis)Integration, and Foreign Policy in Latin America. Lecturer at the ICESI University in Cali and Universidad del Rosario in Bogota. Email: rafeca1318@gmail.com<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3397257">View All (49)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3397257" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Derecho"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" 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id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="nav-container backbone-profile-documents-nav hidden-xs"><ul class="nav-tablist" role="tablist"><li class="nav-chip active" role="presentation"><a data-section-name="" data-toggle="tab" href="#all" role="tab">all</a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Papers" data-toggle="tab" href="#papers" role="tab" title="Papers"><span>22</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Papers</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Drafts" data-toggle="tab" href="#drafts" role="tab" title="Drafts"><span>2</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Drafts</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a 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Alegría</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="120528303"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/120528303/Peripheral_Autonomy_in_a_Multipolar_Order_Latin_American_Reactions_to_the_War_in_Ukraine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Peripheral Autonomy in a Multipolar Order: Latin American Reactions to the War in Ukraine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/120528303/Peripheral_Autonomy_in_a_Multipolar_Order_Latin_American_Reactions_to_the_War_in_Ukraine">Peripheral Autonomy in a Multipolar Order: Latin American Reactions to the War in Ukraine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bulletin of Latin American Research</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The heterogeneity of Latin American stands regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The heterogeneity of Latin American stands regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has puzzled observers in Europe and the United States. Different explanations have been offered to account for the seemingly paradoxical willingness of Latin Americans to oppose the invasion when voting for United Nations resolutions, but then to refrain from condemning it discursively and to directly refuse requests to supply arms to Ukraine. This article aims to document the response of Latin American countries to the war and to assess the factors underpinning it. We show how predominant explanations fell short of providing an adequate account and argue that the region’s reaction to the war can be better understood as a pursuit of peripheral autonomy. Our study is structured as a congruence analysis, based on an eclectic array of theoretical and conceptual explanations and a corpus of qualitative and quantitative information.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="120528303"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="120528303"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 120528303; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=120528303]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=120528303]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 120528303; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='120528303']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 120528303, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=120528303]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":120528303,"title":"Peripheral Autonomy in a Multipolar Order: Latin American Reactions to the War in Ukraine","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1111/blar.13572","abstract":"The heterogeneity of Latin American stands regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has puzzled observers in Europe and the United States. 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Our study is structured as a congruence analysis, based on an eclectic array of theoretical and conceptual explanations and a corpus of qualitative and quantitative information.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Bulletin of Latin American Research"},"translated_abstract":"The heterogeneity of Latin American stands regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has puzzled observers in Europe and the United States. Different explanations have been offered to account for the seemingly paradoxical willingness of Latin Americans to oppose the invasion when voting for United Nations resolutions, but then to refrain from condemning it discursively and to directly refuse requests to supply arms to Ukraine. This article aims to document the response of Latin American countries to the war and to assess the factors underpinning it. We show how predominant explanations fell short of providing an adequate account and argue that the region’s reaction to the war can be better understood as a pursuit of peripheral autonomy. Our study is structured as a congruence analysis, based on an eclectic array of theoretical and conceptual explanations and a corpus of qualitative and quantitative information.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120528303/Peripheral_Autonomy_in_a_Multipolar_Order_Latin_American_Reactions_to_the_War_in_Ukraine","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-06-04T06:22:59.409-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3397257,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Peripheral_Autonomy_in_a_Multipolar_Order_Latin_American_Reactions_to_the_War_in_Ukraine","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3397257,"first_name":"Rafael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Castro Alegría","page_name":"RafaelCastroAlegría","domain_name":"universidaddelvallecolombia","created_at":"2013-03-01T00:54:32.342-08:00","display_name":"Rafael Castro Alegría","url":"https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":1483,"name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Policy_Analysis"},{"id":41863,"name":"Russia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russia"},{"id":46989,"name":"Ukraine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukraine"},{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America"},{"id":159995,"name":"América Latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina"},{"id":293695,"name":"Multipolarity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multipolarity"},{"id":978828,"name":"Congruence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Congruence"}],"urls":[{"id":42639291,"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/share/author/S5WZAZ7ZAUU7FSGXWDSG?target=10.1111/blar.13572"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="100860586"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/100860586/_Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pek%C3%ADn_La_pol%C3%ADtica_de_Joe_Biden_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ¿Todos los caminos conducen a Pekín? La política de Joe Biden hacia América Latina y el Caribe" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102292636/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100860586/_Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pek%C3%ADn_La_pol%C3%ADtica_de_Joe_Biden_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe">¿Todos los caminos conducen a Pekín? La política de Joe Biden hacia América Latina y el Caribe</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Documentos de Trabajo Fundación Carolina</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is b...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is back). Sin embargo, las implicaciones de ese regreso han sido bastante diversas para cada región del mundo. Para América Latina ciertamente ha implicado una retórica menos agresiva y racista en comparación con la de la presidencia de Donald Trump. No obstante, cabe preguntarse si, más allá del tono, ha habido cambios de fondo en la política de Estados Unidos hacia la región. Aún más, es importante entender cuáles son los factores que han impulsado esos cambios o continuidades de la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, y si estos factores están aquí para quedarse o son coyunturales de esta administración. En ese sentido, este texto se concentra en dilucidar la política de Biden hacia América Latina y proponer una interpretación de los factores que la direccionan y la limitan. En particular, se ilustra cómo se ve moldeada por la competencia estratégica con China, por los cambios ideológicos en las presidencias latinoamericanas, y por las prioridades propias de la agenda doméstica estadounidense (como la migración y la transición energética). También se abordan las implicaciones de la política de Washington para una actuación internacional más autónoma de los países latinoamericanos y para la presencia de actores extrarregionales como la Unión Europea.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bf21e2c69a3794d208752cafc6ac2323" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":102292636,"asset_id":100860586,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102292636/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100860586"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100860586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100860586; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100860586]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100860586]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100860586; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100860586']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 100860586, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bf21e2c69a3794d208752cafc6ac2323" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100860586]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100860586,"title":"¿Todos los caminos conducen a Pekín? La política de Joe Biden hacia América Latina y el Caribe","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.DT80","abstract":"El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is back). Sin embargo, las implicaciones de ese regreso han sido bastante diversas para cada región del mundo. Para América Latina ciertamente ha implicado una retórica menos agresiva y racista en comparación con la de la presidencia de Donald Trump. No obstante, cabe preguntarse si, más allá del tono, ha habido cambios de fondo en la política de Estados Unidos hacia la región. Aún más, es importante entender cuáles son los factores que han impulsado esos cambios o continuidades de la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, y si estos factores están aquí para quedarse o son coyunturales de esta administración. En ese sentido, este texto se concentra en dilucidar la política de Biden hacia América Latina y proponer una interpretación de los factores que la direccionan y la limitan. En particular, se ilustra cómo se ve moldeada por la competencia estratégica con China, por los cambios ideológicos en las presidencias latinoamericanas, y por las prioridades propias de la agenda doméstica estadounidense (como la migración y la transición energética). También se abordan las implicaciones de la política de Washington para una actuación internacional más autónoma de los países latinoamericanos y para la presencia de actores extrarregionales como la Unión Europea. ","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Documentos de Trabajo Fundación Carolina"},"translated_abstract":"El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is back). Sin embargo, las implicaciones de ese regreso han sido bastante diversas para cada región del mundo. Para América Latina ciertamente ha implicado una retórica menos agresiva y racista en comparación con la de la presidencia de Donald Trump. No obstante, cabe preguntarse si, más allá del tono, ha habido cambios de fondo en la política de Estados Unidos hacia la región. Aún más, es importante entender cuáles son los factores que han impulsado esos cambios o continuidades de la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, y si estos factores están aquí para quedarse o son coyunturales de esta administración. En ese sentido, este texto se concentra en dilucidar la política de Biden hacia América Latina y proponer una interpretación de los factores que la direccionan y la limitan. En particular, se ilustra cómo se ve moldeada por la competencia estratégica con China, por los cambios ideológicos en las presidencias latinoamericanas, y por las prioridades propias de la agenda doméstica estadounidense (como la migración y la transición energética). También se abordan las implicaciones de la política de Washington para una actuación internacional más autónoma de los países latinoamericanos y para la presencia de actores extrarregionales como la Unión Europea. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100860586/_Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pek%C3%ADn_La_pol%C3%ADtica_de_Joe_Biden_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-04-27T06:40:57.166-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3397257,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":102292636,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102292636/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DT_FC_80.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102292636/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102292636/DT_FC_80-libre.pdf?1684256201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTodos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997760\u0026Signature=gqhNKhJWJndJ8T6~svsZPIkJiQINwKVnLN~XIdl3S1YkHV8sOq2~nYgE6xZHqcDKBJEYKoyrk3oFCHHZWKejGb8TiZXJDJgKrtpd7od0Rp7uzqel77fLdo6ILM23TEOGyIpsn4WVFFHLby9KQMbVUZoyX2de2Gg2iOoZcKTFML5awSVLzWn6K0s5IxzmvGab~RhFPGHIq4drnykI8iNCw2pg0CM5rEtwqHremZuTbxAwW9XVXWPCK88uLbqDR9dLB00Pi7jnxolKJAACREkXIJfv1Gid1ZsDQVS1yysro8P4SjiuHOFTKz~mHlTZVqpLKGCx-gcu0I9Oet--WHTSnA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"_Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekín_La_política_de_Joe_Biden_hacia_América_Latina_y_el_Caribe","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3397257,"first_name":"Rafael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Castro Alegría","page_name":"RafaelCastroAlegría","domain_name":"universidaddelvallecolombia","created_at":"2013-03-01T00:54:32.342-08:00","display_name":"Rafael Castro Alegría","url":"https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa"},"attachments":[{"id":102292636,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102292636/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DT_FC_80.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102292636/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102292636/DT_FC_80-libre.pdf?1684256201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTodos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997760\u0026Signature=gqhNKhJWJndJ8T6~svsZPIkJiQINwKVnLN~XIdl3S1YkHV8sOq2~nYgE6xZHqcDKBJEYKoyrk3oFCHHZWKejGb8TiZXJDJgKrtpd7od0Rp7uzqel77fLdo6ILM23TEOGyIpsn4WVFFHLby9KQMbVUZoyX2de2Gg2iOoZcKTFML5awSVLzWn6K0s5IxzmvGab~RhFPGHIq4drnykI8iNCw2pg0CM5rEtwqHremZuTbxAwW9XVXWPCK88uLbqDR9dLB00Pi7jnxolKJAACREkXIJfv1Gid1ZsDQVS1yysro8P4SjiuHOFTKz~mHlTZVqpLKGCx-gcu0I9Oet--WHTSnA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations"},{"id":1483,"name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Policy_Analysis"},{"id":40062,"name":"European Union external relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union_external_relations"},{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America"},{"id":89295,"name":"Relaciones Internacionales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relaciones_Internacionales"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States"},{"id":149480,"name":"Estados Unidos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estados_Unidos"},{"id":159995,"name":"América Latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina"},{"id":361350,"name":"Unión Europea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uni%C3%B3n_Europea"},{"id":3796431,"name":"U.S.-China strategic competition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/U_S_China_strategic_competition"}],"urls":[{"id":31493619,"url":"https://www.fundacioncarolina.es/todos-los-caminos-conducen-a-pekin-la-politica-de-joe-biden-hacia-america-latina-y-el-caribe/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="97683772"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/97683772/El_covid_19_y_la_crisis_del_regionalismo_latinoamericano_lecciones_que_pueden_ser_aprendidas_y_sus_limitaciones"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of El covid-19 y la crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano: lecciones que pueden ser aprendidas y sus limitaciones" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/99239301/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/97683772/El_covid_19_y_la_crisis_del_regionalismo_latinoamericano_lecciones_que_pueden_ser_aprendidas_y_sus_limitaciones">El covid-19 y la crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano: lecciones que pueden ser aprendidas y sus limitaciones</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Relaciones Internacionales</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente artículo hace un balance de la respuesta de las organizaciones regionales latinoameri...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente artículo hace un balance de la respuesta de las organizaciones regionales latinoamericanas y caribeñas al covid-19. En especial, se pregunta si éstas han contribuido a hacer frente a la pandemia y busca encontrar explicaciones para la considerable divergencia entre las respuestas de nueve organizaciones regionales.  En  ese  orden  de  ideas,  en  primer  lugar,  señala  que  el  regionalismo  latinoamericano  ya  se  encontraba en crisis antes de la llegada del covid-19. Algunas de las características de esta crisis eran: una decreciente regionalización económica, una creciente polarización política regional, y la parálisis y la desintegración de algunas organizaciones regionales como la UNASUR. Es por eso que se argumenta que las expectativas con respecto al desempeño de las organizaciones regionales eran bastante bajas. Posteriormente, combinando fuentes académicas y primarias, se hace una valoración de las acciones desplegadas por cada organización frente a la pandemia del covid-19. Basándose en una categorización propuesta  en  la  literatura  académica  de  estas  acciones  se  dividen  en  tres  para  su  evaluación:  el  intercambio  de  información,  la  coordinación  interestatal  y  la  acción  colectiva  (interna  y  externa).  En  esa  valoración  se  obtuvieron  resultados  mixtos:  hubo  algunas  organizaciones  que  tuvieron  un  buen  desempeño y otras que tuvieron un bajo rendimiento, en especial, si se tienen en cuenta sus mandatos fundacionales y la totalidad de sus capacidades institucionales. En segundo lugar, con base en la literatura sobre organizaciones internacionales y regionales, se propone que son cuatro las variables que tienen mayor  poder  explicativo  para  dar  cuenta  de  la  divergencia  de  las  respuestas  de  las  instituciones  regionales a la pandemia: la diferenciación funcional, la autonomía de las organizaciones, el liderazgo y el saber hacer (know-how) acumulado. En tercer lugar, el artículo deriva unas lecciones más generales para el regionalismo latinoamericano de las respuestas regionales al covid-19 (y de la ausencia de éstas en algunos casos). Se defiende la idea de que un regionalismo más técnico, diferenciado funcionalmente y segmentado puede resistir mejor los embates de la polarización ideológica y los inevitables cambios de ciclo político en América Latina. Especialmente, si se compara con los riesgos de parálisis y crisis de organizaciones “sombrilla” que abarcan una gran multiplicidad de agendas a través de numerosos consejos.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9e8168b7db9c0219caf931912ead2af9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":99239301,"asset_id":97683772,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/99239301/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="97683772"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="97683772"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 97683772; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=97683772]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=97683772]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 97683772; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='97683772']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 97683772, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9e8168b7db9c0219caf931912ead2af9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=97683772]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":97683772,"title":"El covid-19 y la crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano: lecciones que pueden ser aprendidas y sus limitaciones","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2023.52.007","abstract":"El presente artículo hace un balance de la respuesta de las organizaciones regionales latinoamericanas y caribeñas al covid-19. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45632726"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45632726/Wenn_der_Ton_nicht_alles_ist_Joe_Biden_und_Lateinamerika"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Wenn der Ton nicht alles ist: Joe Biden und Lateinamerika" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66126095/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45632726/Wenn_der_Ton_nicht_alles_ist_Joe_Biden_und_Lateinamerika">Wenn der Ton nicht alles ist: Joe Biden und Lateinamerika</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>GIGA Focus Lateinamerika</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Joe Bidens Wahl hat viele Erwartungen geweckt. Politische Traditionen und der vorherrschende über...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Joe Bidens Wahl hat viele Erwartungen geweckt. Politische Traditionen und der vorherrschende überparteiliche Konsens über die US-Politik für die westliche Hemisphäre lassen Veränderungen eher im Ton als in der Subs-tanz erwarten. Vier Themen werden die Agenda bestimmen: COVID-19, Migration, Demokratie und Korruptionsbekämpfung.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a1c205cad32d89dcaa1e46ffcf380b0a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":66126095,"asset_id":45632726,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66126095/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45632726"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45632726"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45632726; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45632726]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45632726]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45632726; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45632726']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45632726, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a1c205cad32d89dcaa1e46ffcf380b0a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45632726]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45632726,"title":"Wenn der Ton nicht alles ist: Joe Biden und Lateinamerika","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Joe Bidens Wahl hat viele Erwartungen geweckt. 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However, due to long-established legacies and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Joe Biden’s election has raised many expectations. However, due to long-established legacies and predominant bipartisan consensus around the United States’ Western Hemisphere policy, changes will be in tone rather than in substance. In this GIGA Focus Latin America, I tackle four topics of the relationship with the region: Trump Nefarious Legacies, Democracy and Human Rights, Post-Covid recuperation, the Multilateral Question, and note some hints from the administration on the drug-policy and migration critical fronts.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="50b71b3b224ddae5fb982cbfea6e45c7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65887347,"asset_id":45351806,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65887347/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45351806"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45351806"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45351806; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45351806]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45351806]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45351806; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45351806']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45351806, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "50b71b3b224ddae5fb982cbfea6e45c7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45351806]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45351806,"title":"When Tone is not Everything: Joe Biden and Latin America","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Joe Biden’s election has raised many expectations. 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El texto da cuenta de los desarrollos y perspe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Documento publicado en la serie Análisis Carolina. El texto da cuenta de los desarrollos y perspectivas de la Alianza del Pacífico de cara a la convulsa coyuntura regional y global, y a los desafíos domésticos de sus miembros.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6d2c422446c6895cdcc47ccb7772348a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62132399,"asset_id":42007986,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62132399/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42007986"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42007986"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42007986; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42007986]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42007986]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42007986; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42007986']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42007986, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6d2c422446c6895cdcc47ccb7772348a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42007986]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42007986,"title":"Auge y estancamiento de la Alianza del Pacífico","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Documento publicado en la serie Análisis Carolina. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39742930"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39742930/The_Lima_Summit_A_Trial_by_Fire_for_the_Pacific_Alliance"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Lima Summit: A Trial by Fire for the Pacific Alliance" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59922623/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39742930/The_Lima_Summit_A_Trial_by_Fire_for_the_Pacific_Alliance">The Lima Summit: A Trial by Fire for the Pacific Alliance</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>GIGA Focus Latin America</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">On 5 and 6 July 2019, the four member states of the Pacific Alliance (PA) will meet in Lima, Peru...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">On 5 and 6 July 2019, the four member states of the Pacific Alliance (PA) will meet in Lima, Peru, for the XIV Presidential Summit. With the rapidly changing both Latin American and international context, the meeting might well be the most important one since the group’s creation in 2011. The convergence with the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR), the accession of associate members, and enhanced cooperation with observer states are among the main topics on the agenda. In this short piece, we analyze the challenges and perspectives of the summit in the current regional context.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8d91e94699ab5ac82fdffa3750137a0e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59922623,"asset_id":39742930,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59922623/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39742930"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39742930"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39742930; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39742930]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39742930]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39742930; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39742930']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39742930, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8d91e94699ab5ac82fdffa3750137a0e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39742930]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39742930,"title":"The Lima Summit: A Trial by Fire for the Pacific Alliance","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"On 5 and 6 July 2019, the four member states of the Pacific Alliance (PA) will meet in Lima, Peru, for the XIV Presidential Summit. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39226663"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39226663/_Desestadounidizar_no_es_descolonizar_apuntes_sobre_las_relaciones_entre_China_y_Venezuela_de_cara_a_la_crisis_venezolana"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ‘Desestadounidizar’ no es descolonizar: apuntes sobre las relaciones entre China y Venezuela de cara a la crisis venezolana" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59357461/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39226663/_Desestadounidizar_no_es_descolonizar_apuntes_sobre_las_relaciones_entre_China_y_Venezuela_de_cara_a_la_crisis_venezolana">‘Desestadounidizar’ no es descolonizar: apuntes sobre las relaciones entre China y Venezuela de cara a la crisis venezolana</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>La crisis venezolana: impactos y desafíos</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo busca comprender las características principales de las relaciones entre Chi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo busca comprender las características principales de las relaciones entre China y Venezuela durante los gobiernos chavistas, así como entender los impactos de dicho relacionamiento en la actual crisis económico-política venezolana. Para alcanzar ese objetivo, se divide en cuatro partes. En primer lugar, se señalan algunos de los hitos principales en el desarrollo de las relaciones bilaterales. Segundo, se interpretan los intereses chinos en el contexto de su presencia en América Latina y el Caribe. Como tercer punto, se analizan los intereses venezolanos en el contexto de la política exterior chavista. Finalmente, se confrontan diversas explicaciones sobre los impactos económicos y políticos que han tenido los préstamos chinos en la crisis venezolana, agudizada durante el gobierno de Maduro y con el fin del boom de las materias primas, y se proyectan posibles escenarios para las relaciones bilaterales.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ee508638d2b8af5808392c10df8f2db9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59357461,"asset_id":39226663,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59357461/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39226663"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39226663"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39226663; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39226663]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39226663]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39226663; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39226663']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39226663, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ee508638d2b8af5808392c10df8f2db9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39226663]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39226663,"title":"‘Desestadounidizar’ no es descolonizar: apuntes sobre las relaciones entre China y Venezuela de cara a la crisis venezolana","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"1","abstract":"El presente capítulo busca comprender las características principales de las relaciones entre China y Venezuela durante los gobiernos chavistas, así como entender los impactos de dicho relacionamiento en la actual crisis económico-política venezolana. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37164371"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37164371/The_Region_is_What_We_Say_It_is_The_Speeches_of_Lula_da_Silva_and_Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez_in_the_Construction_of_Latin_American_Integration"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Region is What We Say It is: The Speeches of Lula da Silva and Hugo Chávez in the Construction of Latin American Integration" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57115481/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37164371/The_Region_is_What_We_Say_It_is_The_Speeches_of_Lula_da_Silva_and_Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez_in_the_Construction_of_Latin_American_Integration">The Region is What We Say It is: The Speeches of Lula da Silva and Hugo Chávez in the Construction of Latin American Integration</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This short book analyzes the role of discourses in the construction of regional integration in La...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This short book analyzes the role of discourses in the construction of regional integration in Latin America and the Caribbean. In order to achieve this objective, it analyzes two predominant discourses: the discourse framed by Lula da Silva within the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) as well as the discourse established by Hugo Chávez within the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA). Furthermore, this research examines whether these discourses reached a discursive hegemony, i.e. whether the other presidents of the member states of the two organizations received and reflected the discourses framed by Hugo Chávez and Lula da Silva in their own speeches. This analysis is conducted by combining theoretical and methodological elements of constructivism, poststructuralism and, in particular, from the discourse analysis that originates from the work of Laclau and Mouffe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5583ce171fe01aeb9af4fb08879d7243" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57115481,"asset_id":37164371,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57115481/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37164371"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37164371"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37164371; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37164371]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37164371]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37164371; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37164371']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37164371, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5583ce171fe01aeb9af4fb08879d7243" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37164371]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37164371,"title":"The Region is What We Say It is: The Speeches of Lula da Silva and Hugo Chávez in the Construction of Latin American Integration","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This short book analyzes the role of discourses in the construction of regional integration in Latin America and the Caribbean. 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Furthermore, this research examines whether these discourses reached a discursive hegemony, i.e. whether the other presidents of the member states of the two organizations received and reflected the discourses framed by Hugo Chávez and Lula da Silva in their own speeches. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36439270"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36439270/La_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico_un_Eje_Articulador_del_Interregionalismo_pos_TPP"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La Alianza del Pacífico: un Eje Articulador del Interregionalismo pos-TPP" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56353411/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36439270/La_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico_un_Eje_Articulador_del_Interregionalismo_pos_TPP">La Alianza del Pacífico: un Eje Articulador del Interregionalismo pos-TPP</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Anuario de la Integración Regional de América Latina y el Caribe, No. 14, 2017 América Latina y el Caribe: una compleja transición</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo postula que se está profundizando un interregionalismo Asia Pacífico-América...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo postula que se está profundizando un interregionalismo Asia Pacífico-América Latina con la AP como uno de sus ejes articuladores, por parte de los miembros del TPP (ahora CPTPP) y los Estados de la AP como respuesta a la salida de Estados Unidos del TPP. El cual combina dos formas de interregionalismo: Bloque-Bloque e interregionalismo híbrido. Este último se lleva a cabo entre una institución regional y un Estado (Bloque-Estado), y se puede observar con la negociación de acuerdos que se está llevando con los futuros ‘Estados asociados’. A su vez, analiza los intereses de participación de cada uno de los Estados miembros de la AP, las relaciones de esta institución en el contexto regional, y con las potencias y foros extra-regionales. Así como sus retos intra y extra-institucionales de cara a las actuales transformaciones globales y regionales.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="324040a48cc415a3ad13ec9c9ae76893" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56353411,"asset_id":36439270,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56353411/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36439270"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36439270"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36439270; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36439270]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36439270]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36439270; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36439270']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36439270, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "324040a48cc415a3ad13ec9c9ae76893" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36439270]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36439270,"title":"La Alianza del Pacífico: un Eje Articulador del Interregionalismo pos-TPP","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"14","abstract":"El presente capítulo postula que se está profundizando un interregionalismo Asia Pacífico-América Latina con la AP como uno de sus ejes articuladores, por parte de los miembros del TPP (ahora CPTPP) y los Estados de la AP como respuesta a la salida de Estados Unidos del TPP. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35267732"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35267732/Retos_socios_estrat%C3%A9gicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol%C3%ADtica_exterior_colombiana_durante_el_posconflicto"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55128274/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35267732/Retos_socios_estrat%C3%A9gicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol%C3%ADtica_exterior_colombiana_durante_el_posconflicto">Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente artículo aborda la política exterior colombiana en el contexto del posconflicto. En p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente artículo aborda la política exterior colombiana en el contexto del posconflicto. En primer lugar, por tanto, se establece la relación que se desarrolló entre conflicto y política externa, durante los gobiernos de Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002) y Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010), y plantea el giro que se dio con la llegada de Juan Manuel Santos a la presidencia (2010-presente), y los diálogos de paz con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC). Segundo, se analizan los escenarios globales en los que Colombia quiere proyectar una nueva imagen internacional más activa, propositiva y autónoma en un contexto de pos-conflicto. Tercero, se identifican las potencias extrarregionales que son o pueden ser socios estratégicos de cara a la implementación de los acuerdos de paz y la nueva proyección inter-nacional del Estado colombiano. Cuarto, se postulan los países e instituciones regionales que serán fundamentales para el abordaje de algunos de los retos más complejos del posconflicto. Por último, se formulan los principales retos domésticos que tiene Colombia en la implemen-tación de los acuerdos, tanto para la construcción de una paz estable y duradera, como para la potenciación de su proyección internacional.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c019569f5fe880d9c9d82d76abd0b450" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55128274,"asset_id":35267732,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55128274/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35267732"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35267732"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35267732; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35267732]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35267732]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35267732; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35267732']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35267732, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c019569f5fe880d9c9d82d76abd0b450" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35267732]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35267732,"title":"Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El presente artículo aborda la política exterior colombiana en el contexto del posconflicto. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34516729"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/34516729/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contenci%C3%B3n_a_China"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54381747/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/34516729/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contenci%C3%B3n_a_China">La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/CamiloDefelipeVilla">Camilo E Defelipe Villa</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="695560fd81d39d2d943aabd0f82f00c0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54381747,"asset_id":34516729,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54381747/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34516729"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34516729"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34516729; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33289913"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33289913/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contenci%C3%B3n_a_China"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53356608/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33289913/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contenci%C3%B3n_a_China">La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/DiegoVera">Diego Vera</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo aborda las acciones de política exterior que los Estados Unidos están desple...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo aborda las acciones de política exterior que los Estados Unidos están desplegando en América Latina y el Caribe, en especial, evaluando la posibilidad de que estén encaminadas a contener la creciente presencia de China en la región. Para alcanzar ese objetivo, el texto se divide en cinco partes. Primero, se encarga de analizar los argumentos que se han presentado para afirmar que existe un ocaso de la doctrina Monroe. Segundo, interpreta la estrategia actual de los Estados Unidos hacia América Latina. Tercero, sintetiza las principales estrategias de política exterior de los Estados Unidos hacia China a nivel global y de manera particular en América Latina. Cuarto, se interpretan las percepciones que se han construido sobre los Estados Unidos desde China y si las estrategias que despliega este país en América Latina están dirigidas a hacer contrapeso a la influencia y los intereses estadounidenses en la región. Quinto, se proyectan las posibilidades de conflicto, competencia o cooperación entre las estrategias que los Estados Unidos y China despliegan en su relacionamiento hacia América Latina y el Caribe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c25237a0a1c0b67961691e1c85bf6d6c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53356608,"asset_id":33289913,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53356608/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33289913"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33289913"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33289913; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33289913]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33289913]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33289913; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33289913']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33289913, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c25237a0a1c0b67961691e1c85bf6d6c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33289913]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33289913,"title":"La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China?","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El presente capítulo aborda las acciones de política exterior que los Estados Unidos están desplegando en América Latina y el Caribe, en especial, evaluando la posibilidad de que estén encaminadas a contener la creciente presencia de China en la región. 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data-work-id="33101289"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33101289/La_Formaci%C3%B3n_del_Estado_colombiano_y_su_legitimidad_retos_y_perspectivas_para_la_contribuci%C3%B3n_de_las_Fuerzas_Armadas_The_Formation_of_the_Colombian_State_and_its_legitimacy_challenges_and_prospects_for_the_contribution_of_the_Armed_Forces"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La Formación del Estado colombiano y su legitimidad: retos y perspectivas para la contribución de las Fuerzas Armadas/The Formation of the Colombian State and its legitimacy: challenges and prospects for the contribution of the Armed Forces" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53198521/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33101289/La_Formaci%C3%B3n_del_Estado_colombiano_y_su_legitimidad_retos_y_perspectivas_para_la_contribuci%C3%B3n_de_las_Fuerzas_Armadas_The_Formation_of_the_Colombian_State_and_its_legitimacy_challenges_and_prospects_for_the_contribution_of_the_Armed_Forces">La Formación del Estado colombiano y su legitimidad: retos y perspectivas para la contribución de las Fuerzas Armadas/The Formation of the Colombian State and its legitimacy: challenges and prospects for the contribution of the Armed Forces</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PaulaAlejandraGonz%C3%A1lez">Paula Alejandra González</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5254ffdbd723f04776d4686d5f7432a4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53198521,"asset_id":33101289,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53198521/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33101289"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa 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colombiano: el caso de la cooperación de la ONU, el Banco Mundial y la OCDE/Organizations of global architecture and the Colombian post-conflict: the case of the cooperation of the UN, the World Bank and OECD" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/45074849/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/24745945/Las_organizaciones_de_la_arquitectura_global_y_el_posconflicto_colombiano_el_caso_de_la_cooperaci%C3%B3n_de_la_ONU_el_Banco_Mundial_y_la_OCDE_Organizations_of_global_architecture_and_the_Colombian_post_conflict_the_case_of_the_cooperation_of_the_UN_the_World_Bank_and_OECD">Las organizaciones de la arquitectura global y el posconflicto colombiano: el caso de la cooperación de la ONU, el Banco Mundial y la OCDE/Organizations of global architecture and the Colombian post-conflict: the case of the cooperation of the UN, the World Bank and OECD</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PaulaAlejandraGonz%C3%A1lez">Paula Alejandra González</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bcc257b70ade0696c5b937a2ab0c10ee" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":45074849,"asset_id":24745945,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" 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construcción del Estado en América Latina y su impacto en los procesos de regionalización" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42176260/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21607958/The_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin_America_and_its_impact_on_regionalization_processes_El_largo_camino_de_construcci%C3%B3n_del_Estado_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_su_impacto_en_los_procesos_de_regionalizaci%C3%B3n">The long road to state-building in Latin America and its impact on regionalization processes El largo camino de construcción del Estado en América Latina y su impacto en los procesos de regionalización</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article addresses, from an interdisciplinary perspective, the impact of the long and torturo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article addresses, from an interdisciplinary<br />perspective, the impact of the long and torturous<br />state-building process in Latin America on the<br />development of regionalization processes in the<br />subcontinent. Firstly, it contrasts classical and<br />contemporary ideas of sovereignty in order to<br />establish, in a differentiated form and from a<br />historic perspective, the manner in which said<br />principle has taken form in the state-building<br />and regionalization processes in both Latin<br />America and Europe. Secondly, the thinking<br />surrounding integration and sovereignty in<br />the European continent is briefly summarized.<br />Thirdly, the state-building process of Latin<br />American nation-states and the impact it has<br />had on their reluctance to transfer sovereignty<br />to regional governance structures is interpreted. Fourthly, it outlines the role of ideas such<br />as Pan-Americanism, Latin-Americanism,<br />South-Americanism, and Bolivarianism in the<br />development of the regionalization processes in<br />Latin America. Fifthly, the characteristics of the<br />three waves of integration and the reluctance of<br />Latin American states to transfer sovereignty to<br />regional governance architectures are defined.<br />Sixth, it establishes the differences in historic<br />circumstances which have influenced different<br />perspectives on the transfer of sovereignty in the<br />construction of the Latin American and European<br />regions. Finally, from the understanding of<br />the problem of unfinished state-building in Latin<br />America, this article evaluates the development<br />of current regionalization process.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="db31cc85a7df00536ff6fc55964a5d77" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42176260,"asset_id":21607958,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42176260/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21607958"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21607958"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21607958; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21607958]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21607958]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21607958; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='21607958']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21607958, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "db31cc85a7df00536ff6fc55964a5d77" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21607958]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21607958,"title":"The long road to state-building in Latin America and its impact on regionalization processes El largo camino de construcción del Estado en América Latina y su impacto en los procesos de regionalización","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article addresses, from an interdisciplinary\nperspective, the impact of the long and torturous\nstate-building process in Latin America on the\ndevelopment of regionalization processes in the\nsubcontinent. Firstly, it contrasts classical and\ncontemporary ideas of sovereignty in order to\nestablish, in a differentiated form and from a\nhistoric perspective, the manner in which said\nprinciple has taken form in the state-building\nand regionalization processes in both Latin\nAmerica and Europe. Secondly, the thinking\nsurrounding integration and sovereignty in\nthe European continent is briefly summarized.\nThirdly, the state-building process of Latin\nAmerican nation-states and the impact it has\nhad on their reluctance to transfer sovereignty\nto regional governance structures is interpreted. Fourthly, it outlines the role of ideas such\nas Pan-Americanism, Latin-Americanism,\nSouth-Americanism, and Bolivarianism in the\ndevelopment of the regionalization processes in\nLatin America. 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Firstly, it contrasts classical and\ncontemporary ideas of sovereignty in order to\nestablish, in a differentiated form and from a\nhistoric perspective, the manner in which said\nprinciple has taken form in the state-building\nand regionalization processes in both Latin\nAmerica and Europe. Secondly, the thinking\nsurrounding integration and sovereignty in\nthe European continent is briefly summarized.\nThirdly, the state-building process of Latin\nAmerican nation-states and the impact it has\nhad on their reluctance to transfer sovereignty\nto regional governance structures is interpreted. Fourthly, it outlines the role of ideas such\nas Pan-Americanism, Latin-Americanism,\nSouth-Americanism, and Bolivarianism in the\ndevelopment of the regionalization processes in\nLatin America. Fifthly, the characteristics of the\nthree waves of integration and the reluctance of\nLatin American states to transfer sovereignty to\nregional governance architectures are defined.\nSixth, it establishes the differences in historic\ncircumstances which have influenced different\nperspectives on the transfer of sovereignty in the\nconstruction of the Latin American and European\nregions. 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The Pacific Alliance and Brazil: A contestation strategy?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4688ef4a0fe41d011fd5ab56237b889b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":38686702,"asset_id":15459816,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38686702/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="15459816"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15459816"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15459816; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15459816]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15459816]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15459816; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='15459816']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15459816, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4688ef4a0fe41d011fd5ab56237b889b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=15459816]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":15459816,"title":"La Alianza del Pacífico y Brasil: ¿Una estrategia de impugnación? 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="2038543" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="120528303"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/120528303/Peripheral_Autonomy_in_a_Multipolar_Order_Latin_American_Reactions_to_the_War_in_Ukraine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Peripheral Autonomy in a Multipolar Order: Latin American Reactions to the War in Ukraine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/120528303/Peripheral_Autonomy_in_a_Multipolar_Order_Latin_American_Reactions_to_the_War_in_Ukraine">Peripheral Autonomy in a Multipolar Order: Latin American Reactions to the War in Ukraine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Bulletin of Latin American Research</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The heterogeneity of Latin American stands regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The heterogeneity of Latin American stands regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has puzzled observers in Europe and the United States. Different explanations have been offered to account for the seemingly paradoxical willingness of Latin Americans to oppose the invasion when voting for United Nations resolutions, but then to refrain from condemning it discursively and to directly refuse requests to supply arms to Ukraine. This article aims to document the response of Latin American countries to the war and to assess the factors underpinning it. We show how predominant explanations fell short of providing an adequate account and argue that the region’s reaction to the war can be better understood as a pursuit of peripheral autonomy. Our study is structured as a congruence analysis, based on an eclectic array of theoretical and conceptual explanations and a corpus of qualitative and quantitative information.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="120528303"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="120528303"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 120528303; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=120528303]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=120528303]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 120528303; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='120528303']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 120528303, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=120528303]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":120528303,"title":"Peripheral Autonomy in a Multipolar Order: Latin American Reactions to the War in Ukraine","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1111/blar.13572","abstract":"The heterogeneity of Latin American stands regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has puzzled observers in Europe and the United States. Different explanations have been offered to account for the seemingly paradoxical willingness of Latin Americans to oppose the invasion when voting for United Nations resolutions, but then to refrain from condemning it discursively and to directly refuse requests to supply arms to Ukraine. This article aims to document the response of Latin American countries to the war and to assess the factors underpinning it. We show how predominant explanations fell short of providing an adequate account and argue that the region’s reaction to the war can be better understood as a pursuit of peripheral autonomy. 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La política de Joe Biden hacia América Latina y el Caribe" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102292636/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/100860586/_Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pek%C3%ADn_La_pol%C3%ADtica_de_Joe_Biden_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe">¿Todos los caminos conducen a Pekín? La política de Joe Biden hacia América Latina y el Caribe</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Documentos de Trabajo Fundación Carolina</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is b...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is back). Sin embargo, las implicaciones de ese regreso han sido bastante diversas para cada región del mundo. Para América Latina ciertamente ha implicado una retórica menos agresiva y racista en comparación con la de la presidencia de Donald Trump. No obstante, cabe preguntarse si, más allá del tono, ha habido cambios de fondo en la política de Estados Unidos hacia la región. Aún más, es importante entender cuáles son los factores que han impulsado esos cambios o continuidades de la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, y si estos factores están aquí para quedarse o son coyunturales de esta administración. En ese sentido, este texto se concentra en dilucidar la política de Biden hacia América Latina y proponer una interpretación de los factores que la direccionan y la limitan. En particular, se ilustra cómo se ve moldeada por la competencia estratégica con China, por los cambios ideológicos en las presidencias latinoamericanas, y por las prioridades propias de la agenda doméstica estadounidense (como la migración y la transición energética). También se abordan las implicaciones de la política de Washington para una actuación internacional más autónoma de los países latinoamericanos y para la presencia de actores extrarregionales como la Unión Europea.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bf21e2c69a3794d208752cafc6ac2323" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":102292636,"asset_id":100860586,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102292636/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="100860586"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="100860586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100860586; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100860586]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=100860586]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 100860586; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='100860586']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 100860586, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bf21e2c69a3794d208752cafc6ac2323" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=100860586]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":100860586,"title":"¿Todos los caminos conducen a Pekín? La política de Joe Biden hacia América Latina y el Caribe","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.DT80","abstract":"El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is back). Sin embargo, las implicaciones de ese regreso han sido bastante diversas para cada región del mundo. Para América Latina ciertamente ha implicado una retórica menos agresiva y racista en comparación con la de la presidencia de Donald Trump. No obstante, cabe preguntarse si, más allá del tono, ha habido cambios de fondo en la política de Estados Unidos hacia la región. Aún más, es importante entender cuáles son los factores que han impulsado esos cambios o continuidades de la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, y si estos factores están aquí para quedarse o son coyunturales de esta administración. En ese sentido, este texto se concentra en dilucidar la política de Biden hacia América Latina y proponer una interpretación de los factores que la direccionan y la limitan. En particular, se ilustra cómo se ve moldeada por la competencia estratégica con China, por los cambios ideológicos en las presidencias latinoamericanas, y por las prioridades propias de la agenda doméstica estadounidense (como la migración y la transición energética). También se abordan las implicaciones de la política de Washington para una actuación internacional más autónoma de los países latinoamericanos y para la presencia de actores extrarregionales como la Unión Europea. ","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Documentos de Trabajo Fundación Carolina"},"translated_abstract":"El presidente estadounidense, Joe Biden, ha dicho que Estados Unidos está de vuelta (America is back). Sin embargo, las implicaciones de ese regreso han sido bastante diversas para cada región del mundo. Para América Latina ciertamente ha implicado una retórica menos agresiva y racista en comparación con la de la presidencia de Donald Trump. No obstante, cabe preguntarse si, más allá del tono, ha habido cambios de fondo en la política de Estados Unidos hacia la región. Aún más, es importante entender cuáles son los factores que han impulsado esos cambios o continuidades de la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, y si estos factores están aquí para quedarse o son coyunturales de esta administración. En ese sentido, este texto se concentra en dilucidar la política de Biden hacia América Latina y proponer una interpretación de los factores que la direccionan y la limitan. En particular, se ilustra cómo se ve moldeada por la competencia estratégica con China, por los cambios ideológicos en las presidencias latinoamericanas, y por las prioridades propias de la agenda doméstica estadounidense (como la migración y la transición energética). También se abordan las implicaciones de la política de Washington para una actuación internacional más autónoma de los países latinoamericanos y para la presencia de actores extrarregionales como la Unión Europea. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100860586/_Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pek%C3%ADn_La_pol%C3%ADtica_de_Joe_Biden_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-04-27T06:40:57.166-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3397257,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":102292636,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102292636/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DT_FC_80.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102292636/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102292636/DT_FC_80-libre.pdf?1684256201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTodos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997760\u0026Signature=gqhNKhJWJndJ8T6~svsZPIkJiQINwKVnLN~XIdl3S1YkHV8sOq2~nYgE6xZHqcDKBJEYKoyrk3oFCHHZWKejGb8TiZXJDJgKrtpd7od0Rp7uzqel77fLdo6ILM23TEOGyIpsn4WVFFHLby9KQMbVUZoyX2de2Gg2iOoZcKTFML5awSVLzWn6K0s5IxzmvGab~RhFPGHIq4drnykI8iNCw2pg0CM5rEtwqHremZuTbxAwW9XVXWPCK88uLbqDR9dLB00Pi7jnxolKJAACREkXIJfv1Gid1ZsDQVS1yysro8P4SjiuHOFTKz~mHlTZVqpLKGCx-gcu0I9Oet--WHTSnA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"_Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekín_La_política_de_Joe_Biden_hacia_América_Latina_y_el_Caribe","translated_slug":"","page_count":28,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3397257,"first_name":"Rafael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Castro Alegría","page_name":"RafaelCastroAlegría","domain_name":"universidaddelvallecolombia","created_at":"2013-03-01T00:54:32.342-08:00","display_name":"Rafael Castro Alegría","url":"https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa"},"attachments":[{"id":102292636,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102292636/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"DT_FC_80.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102292636/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Todos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/102292636/DT_FC_80-libre.pdf?1684256201=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DTodos_los_caminos_conducen_a_Pekin_La_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997760\u0026Signature=gqhNKhJWJndJ8T6~svsZPIkJiQINwKVnLN~XIdl3S1YkHV8sOq2~nYgE6xZHqcDKBJEYKoyrk3oFCHHZWKejGb8TiZXJDJgKrtpd7od0Rp7uzqel77fLdo6ILM23TEOGyIpsn4WVFFHLby9KQMbVUZoyX2de2Gg2iOoZcKTFML5awSVLzWn6K0s5IxzmvGab~RhFPGHIq4drnykI8iNCw2pg0CM5rEtwqHremZuTbxAwW9XVXWPCK88uLbqDR9dLB00Pi7jnxolKJAACREkXIJfv1Gid1ZsDQVS1yysro8P4SjiuHOFTKz~mHlTZVqpLKGCx-gcu0I9Oet--WHTSnA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations"},{"id":1483,"name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Policy_Analysis"},{"id":40062,"name":"European Union external relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union_external_relations"},{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America"},{"id":89295,"name":"Relaciones Internacionales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relaciones_Internacionales"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States"},{"id":149480,"name":"Estados Unidos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Estados_Unidos"},{"id":159995,"name":"América Latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina"},{"id":361350,"name":"Unión Europea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uni%C3%B3n_Europea"},{"id":3796431,"name":"U.S.-China strategic competition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/U_S_China_strategic_competition"}],"urls":[{"id":31493619,"url":"https://www.fundacioncarolina.es/todos-los-caminos-conducen-a-pekin-la-politica-de-joe-biden-hacia-america-latina-y-el-caribe/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="97683772"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/97683772/El_covid_19_y_la_crisis_del_regionalismo_latinoamericano_lecciones_que_pueden_ser_aprendidas_y_sus_limitaciones"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of El covid-19 y la crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano: lecciones que pueden ser aprendidas y sus limitaciones" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/99239301/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/97683772/El_covid_19_y_la_crisis_del_regionalismo_latinoamericano_lecciones_que_pueden_ser_aprendidas_y_sus_limitaciones">El covid-19 y la crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano: lecciones que pueden ser aprendidas y sus limitaciones</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Relaciones Internacionales</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente artículo hace un balance de la respuesta de las organizaciones regionales latinoameri...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente artículo hace un balance de la respuesta de las organizaciones regionales latinoamericanas y caribeñas al covid-19. En especial, se pregunta si éstas han contribuido a hacer frente a la pandemia y busca encontrar explicaciones para la considerable divergencia entre las respuestas de nueve organizaciones regionales.  En  ese  orden  de  ideas,  en  primer  lugar,  señala  que  el  regionalismo  latinoamericano  ya  se  encontraba en crisis antes de la llegada del covid-19. Algunas de las características de esta crisis eran: una decreciente regionalización económica, una creciente polarización política regional, y la parálisis y la desintegración de algunas organizaciones regionales como la UNASUR. Es por eso que se argumenta que las expectativas con respecto al desempeño de las organizaciones regionales eran bastante bajas. Posteriormente, combinando fuentes académicas y primarias, se hace una valoración de las acciones desplegadas por cada organización frente a la pandemia del covid-19. Basándose en una categorización propuesta  en  la  literatura  académica  de  estas  acciones  se  dividen  en  tres  para  su  evaluación:  el  intercambio  de  información,  la  coordinación  interestatal  y  la  acción  colectiva  (interna  y  externa).  En  esa  valoración  se  obtuvieron  resultados  mixtos:  hubo  algunas  organizaciones  que  tuvieron  un  buen  desempeño y otras que tuvieron un bajo rendimiento, en especial, si se tienen en cuenta sus mandatos fundacionales y la totalidad de sus capacidades institucionales. En segundo lugar, con base en la literatura sobre organizaciones internacionales y regionales, se propone que son cuatro las variables que tienen mayor  poder  explicativo  para  dar  cuenta  de  la  divergencia  de  las  respuestas  de  las  instituciones  regionales a la pandemia: la diferenciación funcional, la autonomía de las organizaciones, el liderazgo y el saber hacer (know-how) acumulado. En tercer lugar, el artículo deriva unas lecciones más generales para el regionalismo latinoamericano de las respuestas regionales al covid-19 (y de la ausencia de éstas en algunos casos). Se defiende la idea de que un regionalismo más técnico, diferenciado funcionalmente y segmentado puede resistir mejor los embates de la polarización ideológica y los inevitables cambios de ciclo político en América Latina. Especialmente, si se compara con los riesgos de parálisis y crisis de organizaciones “sombrilla” que abarcan una gran multiplicidad de agendas a través de numerosos consejos.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9e8168b7db9c0219caf931912ead2af9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":99239301,"asset_id":97683772,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/99239301/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="97683772"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="97683772"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 97683772; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=97683772]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=97683772]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 97683772; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='97683772']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 97683772, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9e8168b7db9c0219caf931912ead2af9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=97683772]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":97683772,"title":"El covid-19 y la crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano: lecciones que pueden ser aprendidas y sus limitaciones","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2023.52.007","abstract":"El presente artículo hace un balance de la respuesta de las organizaciones regionales latinoamericanas y caribeñas al covid-19. En especial, se pregunta si éstas han contribuido a hacer frente a la pandemia y busca encontrar explicaciones para la considerable divergencia entre las respuestas de nueve organizaciones regionales. En ese orden de ideas, en primer lugar, señala que el regionalismo latinoamericano ya se encontraba en crisis antes de la llegada del covid-19. Algunas de las características de esta crisis eran: una decreciente regionalización económica, una creciente polarización política regional, y la parálisis y la desintegración de algunas organizaciones regionales como la UNASUR. Es por eso que se argumenta que las expectativas con respecto al desempeño de las organizaciones regionales eran bastante bajas. Posteriormente, combinando fuentes académicas y primarias, se hace una valoración de las acciones desplegadas por cada organización frente a la pandemia del covid-19. Basándose en una categorización propuesta en la literatura académica de estas acciones se dividen en tres para su evaluación: el intercambio de información, la coordinación interestatal y la acción colectiva (interna y externa). En esa valoración se obtuvieron resultados mixtos: hubo algunas organizaciones que tuvieron un buen desempeño y otras que tuvieron un bajo rendimiento, en especial, si se tienen en cuenta sus mandatos fundacionales y la totalidad de sus capacidades institucionales. En segundo lugar, con base en la literatura sobre organizaciones internacionales y regionales, se propone que son cuatro las variables que tienen mayor poder explicativo para dar cuenta de la divergencia de las respuestas de las instituciones regionales a la pandemia: la diferenciación funcional, la autonomía de las organizaciones, el liderazgo y el saber hacer (know-how) acumulado. En tercer lugar, el artículo deriva unas lecciones más generales para el regionalismo latinoamericano de las respuestas regionales al covid-19 (y de la ausencia de éstas en algunos casos). Se defiende la idea de que un regionalismo más técnico, diferenciado funcionalmente y segmentado puede resistir mejor los embates de la polarización ideológica y los inevitables cambios de ciclo político en América Latina. Especialmente, si se compara con los riesgos de parálisis y crisis de organizaciones “sombrilla” que abarcan una gran multiplicidad de agendas a través de numerosos consejos.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Relaciones Internacionales"},"translated_abstract":"El presente artículo hace un balance de la respuesta de las organizaciones regionales latinoamericanas y caribeñas al covid-19. En especial, se pregunta si éstas han contribuido a hacer frente a la pandemia y busca encontrar explicaciones para la considerable divergencia entre las respuestas de nueve organizaciones regionales. En ese orden de ideas, en primer lugar, señala que el regionalismo latinoamericano ya se encontraba en crisis antes de la llegada del covid-19. Algunas de las características de esta crisis eran: una decreciente regionalización económica, una creciente polarización política regional, y la parálisis y la desintegración de algunas organizaciones regionales como la UNASUR. Es por eso que se argumenta que las expectativas con respecto al desempeño de las organizaciones regionales eran bastante bajas. Posteriormente, combinando fuentes académicas y primarias, se hace una valoración de las acciones desplegadas por cada organización frente a la pandemia del covid-19. Basándose en una categorización propuesta en la literatura académica de estas acciones se dividen en tres para su evaluación: el intercambio de información, la coordinación interestatal y la acción colectiva (interna y externa). En esa valoración se obtuvieron resultados mixtos: hubo algunas organizaciones que tuvieron un buen desempeño y otras que tuvieron un bajo rendimiento, en especial, si se tienen en cuenta sus mandatos fundacionales y la totalidad de sus capacidades institucionales. En segundo lugar, con base en la literatura sobre organizaciones internacionales y regionales, se propone que son cuatro las variables que tienen mayor poder explicativo para dar cuenta de la divergencia de las respuestas de las instituciones regionales a la pandemia: la diferenciación funcional, la autonomía de las organizaciones, el liderazgo y el saber hacer (know-how) acumulado. En tercer lugar, el artículo deriva unas lecciones más generales para el regionalismo latinoamericano de las respuestas regionales al covid-19 (y de la ausencia de éstas en algunos casos). Se defiende la idea de que un regionalismo más técnico, diferenciado funcionalmente y segmentado puede resistir mejor los embates de la polarización ideológica y los inevitables cambios de ciclo político en América Latina. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="45632726"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/45632726/Wenn_der_Ton_nicht_alles_ist_Joe_Biden_und_Lateinamerika"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Wenn der Ton nicht alles ist: Joe Biden und Lateinamerika" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/66126095/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/45632726/Wenn_der_Ton_nicht_alles_ist_Joe_Biden_und_Lateinamerika">Wenn der Ton nicht alles ist: Joe Biden und Lateinamerika</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>GIGA Focus Lateinamerika</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Joe Bidens Wahl hat viele Erwartungen geweckt. Politische Traditionen und der vorherrschende über...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Joe Bidens Wahl hat viele Erwartungen geweckt. Politische Traditionen und der vorherrschende überparteiliche Konsens über die US-Politik für die westliche Hemisphäre lassen Veränderungen eher im Ton als in der Subs-tanz erwarten. Vier Themen werden die Agenda bestimmen: COVID-19, Migration, Demokratie und Korruptionsbekämpfung.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a1c205cad32d89dcaa1e46ffcf380b0a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":66126095,"asset_id":45632726,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66126095/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45632726"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45632726"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45632726; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45632726]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45632726]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45632726; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45632726']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45632726, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a1c205cad32d89dcaa1e46ffcf380b0a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45632726]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45632726,"title":"Wenn der Ton nicht alles ist: Joe Biden und Lateinamerika","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Joe Bidens Wahl hat viele Erwartungen geweckt. 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However, due to long-established legacies and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Joe Biden’s election has raised many expectations. However, due to long-established legacies and predominant bipartisan consensus around the United States’ Western Hemisphere policy, changes will be in tone rather than in substance. In this GIGA Focus Latin America, I tackle four topics of the relationship with the region: Trump Nefarious Legacies, Democracy and Human Rights, Post-Covid recuperation, the Multilateral Question, and note some hints from the administration on the drug-policy and migration critical fronts.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="50b71b3b224ddae5fb982cbfea6e45c7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":65887347,"asset_id":45351806,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65887347/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="45351806"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45351806"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45351806; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45351806]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45351806]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45351806; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='45351806']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45351806, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "50b71b3b224ddae5fb982cbfea6e45c7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=45351806]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":45351806,"title":"When Tone is not Everything: Joe Biden and Latin America","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Joe Biden’s election has raised many expectations. 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El texto da cuenta de los desarrollos y perspe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Documento publicado en la serie Análisis Carolina. El texto da cuenta de los desarrollos y perspectivas de la Alianza del Pacífico de cara a la convulsa coyuntura regional y global, y a los desafíos domésticos de sus miembros.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6d2c422446c6895cdcc47ccb7772348a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62132399,"asset_id":42007986,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62132399/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42007986"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42007986"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42007986; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42007986]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42007986]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42007986; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42007986']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42007986, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6d2c422446c6895cdcc47ccb7772348a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42007986]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42007986,"title":"Auge y estancamiento de la Alianza del Pacífico","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Documento publicado en la serie Análisis Carolina. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39742930"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39742930/The_Lima_Summit_A_Trial_by_Fire_for_the_Pacific_Alliance"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Lima Summit: A Trial by Fire for the Pacific Alliance" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59922623/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39742930/The_Lima_Summit_A_Trial_by_Fire_for_the_Pacific_Alliance">The Lima Summit: A Trial by Fire for the Pacific Alliance</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>GIGA Focus Latin America</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">On 5 and 6 July 2019, the four member states of the Pacific Alliance (PA) will meet in Lima, Peru...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">On 5 and 6 July 2019, the four member states of the Pacific Alliance (PA) will meet in Lima, Peru, for the XIV Presidential Summit. With the rapidly changing both Latin American and international context, the meeting might well be the most important one since the group’s creation in 2011. The convergence with the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR), the accession of associate members, and enhanced cooperation with observer states are among the main topics on the agenda. In this short piece, we analyze the challenges and perspectives of the summit in the current regional context.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8d91e94699ab5ac82fdffa3750137a0e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59922623,"asset_id":39742930,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59922623/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39742930"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39742930"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39742930; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39742930]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39742930]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39742930; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39742930']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39742930, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8d91e94699ab5ac82fdffa3750137a0e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39742930]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39742930,"title":"The Lima Summit: A Trial by Fire for the Pacific Alliance","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"On 5 and 6 July 2019, the four member states of the Pacific Alliance (PA) will meet in Lima, Peru, for the XIV Presidential Summit. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39226663"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39226663/_Desestadounidizar_no_es_descolonizar_apuntes_sobre_las_relaciones_entre_China_y_Venezuela_de_cara_a_la_crisis_venezolana"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ‘Desestadounidizar’ no es descolonizar: apuntes sobre las relaciones entre China y Venezuela de cara a la crisis venezolana" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59357461/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39226663/_Desestadounidizar_no_es_descolonizar_apuntes_sobre_las_relaciones_entre_China_y_Venezuela_de_cara_a_la_crisis_venezolana">‘Desestadounidizar’ no es descolonizar: apuntes sobre las relaciones entre China y Venezuela de cara a la crisis venezolana</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>La crisis venezolana: impactos y desafíos</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo busca comprender las características principales de las relaciones entre Chi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo busca comprender las características principales de las relaciones entre China y Venezuela durante los gobiernos chavistas, así como entender los impactos de dicho relacionamiento en la actual crisis económico-política venezolana. Para alcanzar ese objetivo, se divide en cuatro partes. En primer lugar, se señalan algunos de los hitos principales en el desarrollo de las relaciones bilaterales. Segundo, se interpretan los intereses chinos en el contexto de su presencia en América Latina y el Caribe. Como tercer punto, se analizan los intereses venezolanos en el contexto de la política exterior chavista. Finalmente, se confrontan diversas explicaciones sobre los impactos económicos y políticos que han tenido los préstamos chinos en la crisis venezolana, agudizada durante el gobierno de Maduro y con el fin del boom de las materias primas, y se proyectan posibles escenarios para las relaciones bilaterales.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ee508638d2b8af5808392c10df8f2db9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59357461,"asset_id":39226663,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59357461/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39226663"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39226663"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39226663; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39226663]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39226663]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39226663; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39226663']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39226663, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ee508638d2b8af5808392c10df8f2db9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39226663]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39226663,"title":"‘Desestadounidizar’ no es descolonizar: apuntes sobre las relaciones entre China y Venezuela de cara a la crisis venezolana","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"1","abstract":"El presente capítulo busca comprender las características principales de las relaciones entre China y Venezuela durante los gobiernos chavistas, así como entender los impactos de dicho relacionamiento en la actual crisis económico-política venezolana. 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Segundo, se interpretan los intereses chinos en el contexto de su presencia en América Latina y el Caribe. Como tercer punto, se analizan los intereses venezolanos en el contexto de la política exterior chavista. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37164371"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37164371/The_Region_is_What_We_Say_It_is_The_Speeches_of_Lula_da_Silva_and_Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez_in_the_Construction_of_Latin_American_Integration"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Region is What We Say It is: The Speeches of Lula da Silva and Hugo Chávez in the Construction of Latin American Integration" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57115481/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37164371/The_Region_is_What_We_Say_It_is_The_Speeches_of_Lula_da_Silva_and_Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez_in_the_Construction_of_Latin_American_Integration">The Region is What We Say It is: The Speeches of Lula da Silva and Hugo Chávez in the Construction of Latin American Integration</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This short book analyzes the role of discourses in the construction of regional integration in La...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This short book analyzes the role of discourses in the construction of regional integration in Latin America and the Caribbean. In order to achieve this objective, it analyzes two predominant discourses: the discourse framed by Lula da Silva within the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) as well as the discourse established by Hugo Chávez within the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA). Furthermore, this research examines whether these discourses reached a discursive hegemony, i.e. whether the other presidents of the member states of the two organizations received and reflected the discourses framed by Hugo Chávez and Lula da Silva in their own speeches. This analysis is conducted by combining theoretical and methodological elements of constructivism, poststructuralism and, in particular, from the discourse analysis that originates from the work of Laclau and Mouffe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5583ce171fe01aeb9af4fb08879d7243" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57115481,"asset_id":37164371,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57115481/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37164371"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37164371"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37164371; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37164371]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37164371]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37164371; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37164371']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37164371, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5583ce171fe01aeb9af4fb08879d7243" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37164371]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37164371,"title":"The Region is What We Say It is: The Speeches of Lula da Silva and Hugo Chávez in the Construction of Latin American Integration","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This short book analyzes the role of discourses in the construction of regional integration in Latin America and the Caribbean. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36439270"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36439270/La_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico_un_Eje_Articulador_del_Interregionalismo_pos_TPP"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La Alianza del Pacífico: un Eje Articulador del Interregionalismo pos-TPP" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56353411/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36439270/La_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico_un_Eje_Articulador_del_Interregionalismo_pos_TPP">La Alianza del Pacífico: un Eje Articulador del Interregionalismo pos-TPP</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Anuario de la Integración Regional de América Latina y el Caribe, No. 14, 2017 América Latina y el Caribe: una compleja transición</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo postula que se está profundizando un interregionalismo Asia Pacífico-América...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo postula que se está profundizando un interregionalismo Asia Pacífico-América Latina con la AP como uno de sus ejes articuladores, por parte de los miembros del TPP (ahora CPTPP) y los Estados de la AP como respuesta a la salida de Estados Unidos del TPP. El cual combina dos formas de interregionalismo: Bloque-Bloque e interregionalismo híbrido. Este último se lleva a cabo entre una institución regional y un Estado (Bloque-Estado), y se puede observar con la negociación de acuerdos que se está llevando con los futuros ‘Estados asociados’. A su vez, analiza los intereses de participación de cada uno de los Estados miembros de la AP, las relaciones de esta institución en el contexto regional, y con las potencias y foros extra-regionales. Así como sus retos intra y extra-institucionales de cara a las actuales transformaciones globales y regionales.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="324040a48cc415a3ad13ec9c9ae76893" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56353411,"asset_id":36439270,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56353411/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36439270"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36439270"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36439270; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36439270]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36439270]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36439270; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36439270']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36439270, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "324040a48cc415a3ad13ec9c9ae76893" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36439270]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36439270,"title":"La Alianza del Pacífico: un Eje Articulador del Interregionalismo pos-TPP","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"14","abstract":"El presente capítulo postula que se está profundizando un interregionalismo Asia Pacífico-América Latina con la AP como uno de sus ejes articuladores, por parte de los miembros del TPP (ahora CPTPP) y los Estados de la AP como respuesta a la salida de Estados Unidos del TPP. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="35267732"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/35267732/Retos_socios_estrat%C3%A9gicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol%C3%ADtica_exterior_colombiana_durante_el_posconflicto"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55128274/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35267732/Retos_socios_estrat%C3%A9gicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol%C3%ADtica_exterior_colombiana_durante_el_posconflicto">Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente artículo aborda la política exterior colombiana en el contexto del posconflicto. En p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente artículo aborda la política exterior colombiana en el contexto del posconflicto. En primer lugar, por tanto, se establece la relación que se desarrolló entre conflicto y política externa, durante los gobiernos de Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002) y Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010), y plantea el giro que se dio con la llegada de Juan Manuel Santos a la presidencia (2010-presente), y los diálogos de paz con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC). Segundo, se analizan los escenarios globales en los que Colombia quiere proyectar una nueva imagen internacional más activa, propositiva y autónoma en un contexto de pos-conflicto. Tercero, se identifican las potencias extrarregionales que son o pueden ser socios estratégicos de cara a la implementación de los acuerdos de paz y la nueva proyección inter-nacional del Estado colombiano. Cuarto, se postulan los países e instituciones regionales que serán fundamentales para el abordaje de algunos de los retos más complejos del posconflicto. Por último, se formulan los principales retos domésticos que tiene Colombia en la implemen-tación de los acuerdos, tanto para la construcción de una paz estable y duradera, como para la potenciación de su proyección internacional.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c019569f5fe880d9c9d82d76abd0b450" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55128274,"asset_id":35267732,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55128274/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35267732"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35267732"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35267732; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35267732]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35267732]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35267732; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35267732']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35267732, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c019569f5fe880d9c9d82d76abd0b450" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35267732]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35267732,"title":"Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El presente artículo aborda la política exterior colombiana en el contexto del posconflicto. En primer lugar, por tanto, se establece la relación que se desarrolló entre conflicto y política externa, durante los gobiernos de Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002) y Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010), y plantea el giro que se dio con la llegada de Juan Manuel Santos a la presidencia (2010-presente), y los diálogos de paz con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC). Segundo, se analizan los escenarios globales en los que Colombia quiere proyectar una nueva imagen internacional más activa, propositiva y autónoma en un contexto de pos-conflicto. Tercero, se identifican las potencias extrarregionales que son o pueden ser socios estratégicos de cara a la implementación de los acuerdos de paz y la nueva proyección inter-nacional del Estado colombiano. Cuarto, se postulan los países e instituciones regionales que serán fundamentales para el abordaje de algunos de los retos más complejos del posconflicto. Por último, se formulan los principales retos domésticos que tiene Colombia en la implemen-tación de los acuerdos, tanto para la construcción de una paz estable y duradera, como para la potenciación de su proyección internacional."},"translated_abstract":"El presente artículo aborda la política exterior colombiana en el contexto del posconflicto. En primer lugar, por tanto, se establece la relación que se desarrolló entre conflicto y política externa, durante los gobiernos de Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002) y Álvaro Uribe (2002-2010), y plantea el giro que se dio con la llegada de Juan Manuel Santos a la presidencia (2010-presente), y los diálogos de paz con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC). Segundo, se analizan los escenarios globales en los que Colombia quiere proyectar una nueva imagen internacional más activa, propositiva y autónoma en un contexto de pos-conflicto. Tercero, se identifican las potencias extrarregionales que son o pueden ser socios estratégicos de cara a la implementación de los acuerdos de paz y la nueva proyección inter-nacional del Estado colombiano. Cuarto, se postulan los países e instituciones regionales que serán fundamentales para el abordaje de algunos de los retos más complejos del posconflicto. Por último, se formulan los principales retos domésticos que tiene Colombia en la implemen-tación de los acuerdos, tanto para la construcción de una paz estable y duradera, como para la potenciación de su proyección internacional.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35267732/Retos_socios_estrat%C3%A9gicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol%C3%ADtica_exterior_colombiana_durante_el_posconflicto","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-11-27T14:52:16.256-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3397257,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30697460,"work_id":35267732,"tagging_user_id":3397257,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":6126777,"email":"e***a@javeriana.edu.co","display_order":1,"name":"Eduardo Pastrana","title":"Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto"},{"id":30697461,"work_id":35267732,"tagging_user_id":3397257,"tagged_user_id":10779402,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***b@gmail.com","affiliation":"Pontificia Universidad Javeriana","display_order":2,"name":"Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas","title":"Retos, socios estratégicos y escenarios para la política exterior colombiana durante el posconflicto"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55128274,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55128274/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Retos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55128274/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Retos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55128274/Retos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol-libre.pdf?1511823469=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRetos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=YyQprPDbRNa3AK8c8oOqGO4vClS74ONC~En2bCkPHyav0lRT9n5phzaCXh7Mqj5HOPL1Brq1VAs7AdddULWfRz8sRnly1erFcImIJdngov8ZDxu7UkRYMvKD9XWCx238oI0xuXqXM5UHMs0v8lLQFwoBfvj66s3JMLjnKbdN-9Sl2WR6woB2Rmzq0YsjrZCBSkCnErdHziAk56dnazEGPrgRaE479t1KZbCyiAa-qpjiC8AYWn187ZMDpDcKMeerATD~w~gxLU0TEBqRyjBbLyJQP6QYpCz5628MqGDictcyR17KexcIGT5Q5Xp~Y-V~blMDteT56-RfeNx5M4ufPA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Retos_socios_estratégicos_y_escenarios_para_la_política_exterior_colombiana_durante_el_posconflicto","translated_slug":"","page_count":22,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3397257,"first_name":"Rafael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Castro Alegría","page_name":"RafaelCastroAlegría","domain_name":"universidaddelvallecolombia","created_at":"2013-03-01T00:54:32.342-08:00","display_name":"Rafael Castro Alegría","url":"https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa"},"attachments":[{"id":55128274,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55128274/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Retos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55128274/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Retos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55128274/Retos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_para_la_pol-libre.pdf?1511823469=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRetos_socios_estrategicos_y_escenarios_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=YyQprPDbRNa3AK8c8oOqGO4vClS74ONC~En2bCkPHyav0lRT9n5phzaCXh7Mqj5HOPL1Brq1VAs7AdddULWfRz8sRnly1erFcImIJdngov8ZDxu7UkRYMvKD9XWCx238oI0xuXqXM5UHMs0v8lLQFwoBfvj66s3JMLjnKbdN-9Sl2WR6woB2Rmzq0YsjrZCBSkCnErdHziAk56dnazEGPrgRaE479t1KZbCyiAa-qpjiC8AYWn187ZMDpDcKMeerATD~w~gxLU0TEBqRyjBbLyJQP6QYpCz5628MqGDictcyR17KexcIGT5Q5Xp~Y-V~blMDteT56-RfeNx5M4ufPA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1483,"name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Policy_Analysis"},{"id":3261,"name":"Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colombia"},{"id":159995,"name":"América Latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina"},{"id":503416,"name":"Politica Exterior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politica_Exterior-1"},{"id":878538,"name":"Proceso De Paz En Colombia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proceso_De_Paz_En_Colombia"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Para alcanzar ese objetivo, el texto se divide en cinco partes. Primero, se encarga de analizar los argumentos que se han presentado para afirmar que existe un ocaso de la doctrina Monroe. Segundo, interpreta la estrategia actual de los Estados Unidos hacia América Latina. Tercero, sintetiza las principales estrategias de política exterior de los Estados Unidos hacia China a nivel global y de manera particular en América Latina. Cuarto, se interpretan las percepciones que se han construido sobre los Estados Unidos desde China y si las estrategias que despliega este país en América Latina están dirigidas a hacer contrapeso a la influencia y los intereses estadounidenses en la región. Quinto, se proyectan las posibilidades de conflicto, competencia o cooperación entre las estrategias que los Estados Unidos y China despliegan en su relacionamiento hacia América Latina y el Caribe.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":54381747},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34516729/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contenci%C3%B3n_a_China","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-08T14:23:21.481-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":483174,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30247357,"work_id":34516729,"tagging_user_id":483174,"tagged_user_id":3397257,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***8@gmail.com","affiliation":"Universidad del Valle - Colombia","display_order":1,"name":"Rafael Castro Alegría","title":"La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China"},{"id":30247358,"work_id":34516729,"tagging_user_id":483174,"tagged_user_id":10152688,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"v***i@gmail.com","affiliation":"Pontificia Universidad Javeriana","display_order":2,"name":"Diego Vera","title":"La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China"},{"id":41317937,"work_id":34516729,"tagging_user_id":483174,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":8095120,"email":"r***3@hotmail.com","display_order":1073741825,"name":"Castro Alegría","title":"La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54381747,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54381747/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_America_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contencion_a_China.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54381747/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54381747/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_America_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contencion_a_China-libre.pdf?1504906119=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLa_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=Vqww5vz7K~G1a-qikPseuEkmSnks3yIA5wuXSQ0W1gQxknJ6e-BRoilC~nyaLqghHIG9ZePC2uCE3TWrv9xlpFoNZXdjp9pbcXwGzV-8RNP-UpLfUPYqu1RgvRpzaWYNycU4TLYTe-JMG2LzO4XjHA9m3Bp2M5HXnAa9-MpyRWn551M9pph--bicwNBIT8qNk0g5ibtajj1-sN72ZKjJKTN9d7Y5VkccS4ZpnYOVG5kxysOBAA7U83oa3uq99j54k1nwJ9bjwd~z3hvTHOcbo2TLppVQ-eKo0-JuPm~7PoCBpnYrdg8IBR~UoWFjim6kj9yjgXt6sLbiUfkvIuxLrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_América_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contención_a_China","translated_slug":"","page_count":31,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":483174,"first_name":"Camilo","middle_initials":"E","last_name":"Defelipe Villa","page_name":"CamiloDefelipeVilla","domain_name":"javeriana","created_at":"2011-06-09T21:37:42.307-07:00","display_name":"Camilo E Defelipe Villa","url":"https://javeriana.academia.edu/CamiloDefelipeVilla"},"attachments":[{"id":54381747,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54381747/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_America_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contencion_a_China.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54381747/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/54381747/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_America_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contencion_a_China-libre.pdf?1504906119=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLa_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=Vqww5vz7K~G1a-qikPseuEkmSnks3yIA5wuXSQ0W1gQxknJ6e-BRoilC~nyaLqghHIG9ZePC2uCE3TWrv9xlpFoNZXdjp9pbcXwGzV-8RNP-UpLfUPYqu1RgvRpzaWYNycU4TLYTe-JMG2LzO4XjHA9m3Bp2M5HXnAa9-MpyRWn551M9pph--bicwNBIT8qNk0g5ibtajj1-sN72ZKjJKTN9d7Y5VkccS4ZpnYOVG5kxysOBAA7U83oa3uq99j54k1nwJ9bjwd~z3hvTHOcbo2TLppVQ-eKo0-JuPm~7PoCBpnYrdg8IBR~UoWFjim6kj9yjgXt6sLbiUfkvIuxLrg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States"},{"id":157969,"name":"Latinoamerica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latinoamerica"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33289913"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33289913/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contenci%C3%B3n_a_China"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53356608/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33289913/La_estrategia_de_Estados_Unidos_hacia_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_un_instrumento_de_la_contenci%C3%B3n_a_China">La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/DiegoVera">Diego Vera</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo aborda las acciones de política exterior que los Estados Unidos están desple...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo aborda las acciones de política exterior que los Estados Unidos están desplegando en América Latina y el Caribe, en especial, evaluando la posibilidad de que estén encaminadas a contener la creciente presencia de China en la región. Para alcanzar ese objetivo, el texto se divide en cinco partes. Primero, se encarga de analizar los argumentos que se han presentado para afirmar que existe un ocaso de la doctrina Monroe. Segundo, interpreta la estrategia actual de los Estados Unidos hacia América Latina. Tercero, sintetiza las principales estrategias de política exterior de los Estados Unidos hacia China a nivel global y de manera particular en América Latina. Cuarto, se interpretan las percepciones que se han construido sobre los Estados Unidos desde China y si las estrategias que despliega este país en América Latina están dirigidas a hacer contrapeso a la influencia y los intereses estadounidenses en la región. Quinto, se proyectan las posibilidades de conflicto, competencia o cooperación entre las estrategias que los Estados Unidos y China despliegan en su relacionamiento hacia América Latina y el Caribe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c25237a0a1c0b67961691e1c85bf6d6c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53356608,"asset_id":33289913,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53356608/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33289913"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33289913"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33289913; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33289913]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33289913]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33289913; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33289913']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33289913, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c25237a0a1c0b67961691e1c85bf6d6c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33289913]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33289913,"title":"La estrategia de Estados Unidos hacia América Latina y el Caribe: ¿un instrumento de la contención a China?","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El presente capítulo aborda las acciones de política exterior que los Estados Unidos están desplegando en América Latina y el Caribe, en especial, evaluando la posibilidad de que estén encaminadas a contener la creciente presencia de China en la región. 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Cuarto, se interpretan las percepciones que se han construido sobre los Estados Unidos desde China y si las estrategias que despliega este país en América Latina están dirigidas a hacer contrapeso a la influencia y los intereses estadounidenses en la región. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/24745796/Las_organizaciones_de_la_arquitectura_global_y_el_posconflicto_colombiano_el_caso_de_la_cooperaci%C3%B3n_de_la_ONU_el_Banco_Mundial_y_la_OCDE_Organizations_of_world_architecture_and_colombian_post_conflict_The_Case_of_Cooperation_of_the_UN_the_World_Bank_and_OECD">Las organizaciones de la arquitectura global y el posconflicto colombiano: el caso de la cooperación de la ONU, el Banco Mundial y la OCDE/ Organizations of world architecture and colombian post-conflict: The Case of Cooperation of the UN, the World Bank and OECD</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PaulaAlejandraGonz%C3%A1lez">Paula Alejandra González</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a></span></div><div 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colombiano: el caso de la cooperación de la ONU, el Banco Mundial y la OCDE/Organizations of global architecture and the Colombian post-conflict: the case of the cooperation of the UN, the World Bank and OECD" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/45074849/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/24745945/Las_organizaciones_de_la_arquitectura_global_y_el_posconflicto_colombiano_el_caso_de_la_cooperaci%C3%B3n_de_la_ONU_el_Banco_Mundial_y_la_OCDE_Organizations_of_global_architecture_and_the_Colombian_post_conflict_the_case_of_the_cooperation_of_the_UN_the_World_Bank_and_OECD">Las organizaciones de la arquitectura global y el posconflicto colombiano: el caso de la cooperación de la ONU, el Banco Mundial y la OCDE/Organizations of global architecture and the Colombian post-conflict: the case of the cooperation of the UN, the World Bank and OECD</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uni-heidelberg.academia.edu/PaulaAlejandraGonz%C3%A1lez">Paula Alejandra González</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bcc257b70ade0696c5b937a2ab0c10ee" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":45074849,"asset_id":24745945,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" 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construcción del Estado en América Latina y su impacto en los procesos de regionalización" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42176260/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21607958/The_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin_America_and_its_impact_on_regionalization_processes_El_largo_camino_de_construcci%C3%B3n_del_Estado_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_su_impacto_en_los_procesos_de_regionalizaci%C3%B3n">The long road to state-building in Latin America and its impact on regionalization processes El largo camino de construcción del Estado en América Latina y su impacto en los procesos de regionalización</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article addresses, from an interdisciplinary perspective, the impact of the long and torturo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article addresses, from an interdisciplinary<br />perspective, the impact of the long and torturous<br />state-building process in Latin America on the<br />development of regionalization processes in the<br />subcontinent. Firstly, it contrasts classical and<br />contemporary ideas of sovereignty in order to<br />establish, in a differentiated form and from a<br />historic perspective, the manner in which said<br />principle has taken form in the state-building<br />and regionalization processes in both Latin<br />America and Europe. Secondly, the thinking<br />surrounding integration and sovereignty in<br />the European continent is briefly summarized.<br />Thirdly, the state-building process of Latin<br />American nation-states and the impact it has<br />had on their reluctance to transfer sovereignty<br />to regional governance structures is interpreted. Fourthly, it outlines the role of ideas such<br />as Pan-Americanism, Latin-Americanism,<br />South-Americanism, and Bolivarianism in the<br />development of the regionalization processes in<br />Latin America. Fifthly, the characteristics of the<br />three waves of integration and the reluctance of<br />Latin American states to transfer sovereignty to<br />regional governance architectures are defined.<br />Sixth, it establishes the differences in historic<br />circumstances which have influenced different<br />perspectives on the transfer of sovereignty in the<br />construction of the Latin American and European<br />regions. Finally, from the understanding of<br />the problem of unfinished state-building in Latin<br />America, this article evaluates the development<br />of current regionalization process.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="db31cc85a7df00536ff6fc55964a5d77" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42176260,"asset_id":21607958,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42176260/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21607958"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21607958"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21607958; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21607958]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21607958]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21607958; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='21607958']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21607958, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "db31cc85a7df00536ff6fc55964a5d77" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21607958]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21607958,"title":"The long road to state-building in Latin America and its impact on regionalization processes El largo camino de construcción del Estado en América Latina y su impacto en los procesos de regionalización","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article addresses, from an interdisciplinary\nperspective, the impact of the long and torturous\nstate-building process in Latin America on the\ndevelopment of regionalization processes in the\nsubcontinent. Firstly, it contrasts classical and\ncontemporary ideas of sovereignty in order to\nestablish, in a differentiated form and from a\nhistoric perspective, the manner in which said\nprinciple has taken form in the state-building\nand regionalization processes in both Latin\nAmerica and Europe. Secondly, the thinking\nsurrounding integration and sovereignty in\nthe European continent is briefly summarized.\nThirdly, the state-building process of Latin\nAmerican nation-states and the impact it has\nhad on their reluctance to transfer sovereignty\nto regional governance structures is interpreted. Fourthly, it outlines the role of ideas such\nas Pan-Americanism, Latin-Americanism,\nSouth-Americanism, and Bolivarianism in the\ndevelopment of the regionalization processes in\nLatin America. Fifthly, the characteristics of the\nthree waves of integration and the reluctance of\nLatin American states to transfer sovereignty to\nregional governance architectures are defined.\nSixth, it establishes the differences in historic\ncircumstances which have influenced different\nperspectives on the transfer of sovereignty in the\nconstruction of the Latin American and European\nregions. Finally, from the understanding of\nthe problem of unfinished state-building in Latin\nAmerica, this article evaluates the development\nof current regionalization process."},"translated_abstract":"This article addresses, from an interdisciplinary\nperspective, the impact of the long and torturous\nstate-building process in Latin America on the\ndevelopment of regionalization processes in the\nsubcontinent. Firstly, it contrasts classical and\ncontemporary ideas of sovereignty in order to\nestablish, in a differentiated form and from a\nhistoric perspective, the manner in which said\nprinciple has taken form in the state-building\nand regionalization processes in both Latin\nAmerica and Europe. Secondly, the thinking\nsurrounding integration and sovereignty in\nthe European continent is briefly summarized.\nThirdly, the state-building process of Latin\nAmerican nation-states and the impact it has\nhad on their reluctance to transfer sovereignty\nto regional governance structures is interpreted. Fourthly, it outlines the role of ideas such\nas Pan-Americanism, Latin-Americanism,\nSouth-Americanism, and Bolivarianism in the\ndevelopment of the regionalization processes in\nLatin America. Fifthly, the characteristics of the\nthree waves of integration and the reluctance of\nLatin American states to transfer sovereignty to\nregional governance architectures are defined.\nSixth, it establishes the differences in historic\ncircumstances which have influenced different\nperspectives on the transfer of sovereignty in the\nconstruction of the Latin American and European\nregions. Finally, from the understanding of\nthe problem of unfinished state-building in Latin\nAmerica, this article evaluates the development\nof current regionalization process.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21607958/The_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin_America_and_its_impact_on_regionalization_processes_El_largo_camino_de_construcci%C3%B3n_del_Estado_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_su_impacto_en_los_procesos_de_regionalizaci%C3%B3n","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-05T16:22:57.352-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":3397257,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":33756260,"work_id":21607958,"tagging_user_id":3397257,"tagged_user_id":10779402,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"e***b@gmail.com","affiliation":"Pontificia Universidad Javeriana","display_order":0,"name":"Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas","title":"The long road to state-building in Latin America and its impact on regionalization processes El largo camino de construcción del Estado en América Latina y su impacto en los procesos de regionalización"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42176260,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42176260/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"15286-53897-1-PB_5.3-26.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42176260/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42176260/15286-53897-1-PB_5.3-26-libre.pdf?1454717714=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=fQs3voWZrHMUdD9phHxj5GaGP1FRnmdZk6YrJwcVBX3Rq8EPucFhLjWV~IBEDEjWI3QsQWEZIJLOwrAeAqWY8fCYBK6m313jsaa9bDn5uMC~Cluf~C4vdsw5l4l77mMXDdCkwQEYXwF8JQKaz5fwGeeiI9n1Fwl8ZaZ6zRDno-MsoUyElUVDkozRfyGErQEPBfJt5MkN-Z3pf~ftCaiPa5KC2mfYY4qquHg9~4ngr581bUURZzJsLj2x5f2xtWfDwU0AfhnUakFuOt~XJxR8Yl7SrZzF4Uoge73fob04GXArkCPhBFWtyTFDKBaBGqY82rHLzqCa5DfbJcU9kmEDgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin_America_and_its_impact_on_regionalization_processes_El_largo_camino_de_construcción_del_Estado_en_América_Latina_y_su_impacto_en_los_procesos_de_regionalización","translated_slug":"","page_count":24,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":3397257,"first_name":"Rafael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Castro Alegría","page_name":"RafaelCastroAlegría","domain_name":"universidaddelvallecolombia","created_at":"2013-03-01T00:54:32.342-08:00","display_name":"Rafael Castro Alegría","url":"https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa"},"attachments":[{"id":42176260,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42176260/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"15286-53897-1-PB_5.3-26.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42176260/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42176260/15286-53897-1-PB_5.3-26-libre.pdf?1454717714=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_long_road_to_state_building_in_Latin.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=fQs3voWZrHMUdD9phHxj5GaGP1FRnmdZk6YrJwcVBX3Rq8EPucFhLjWV~IBEDEjWI3QsQWEZIJLOwrAeAqWY8fCYBK6m313jsaa9bDn5uMC~Cluf~C4vdsw5l4l77mMXDdCkwQEYXwF8JQKaz5fwGeeiI9n1Fwl8ZaZ6zRDno-MsoUyElUVDkozRfyGErQEPBfJt5MkN-Z3pf~ftCaiPa5KC2mfYY4qquHg9~4ngr581bUURZzJsLj2x5f2xtWfDwU0AfhnUakFuOt~XJxR8Yl7SrZzF4Uoge73fob04GXArkCPhBFWtyTFDKBaBGqY82rHLzqCa5DfbJcU9kmEDgQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9411,"name":"State Building","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Building"},{"id":10871,"name":"Regionalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regionalism"},{"id":28046,"name":"Regional Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regional_Integration"},{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America"},{"id":75323,"name":"Regionalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regionalization"},{"id":134660,"name":"Regionalismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regionalismo"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Pandemias, hambre, guerra, crisis climática, disputas entre China y Estados Uni...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El mundo tiembla. 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dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38022971"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38022971/La_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico_en_perspectiva_regional_e_interregional_Teor%C3%ADa_y_pr%C3%A1ctica"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La Alianza del Pacífico en perspectiva regional e interregional: Teoría y práctica" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58044474/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38022971/La_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico_en_perspectiva_regional_e_interregional_Teor%C3%ADa_y_pr%C3%A1ctica">La Alianza del Pacífico en perspectiva regional e interregional: Teoría y práctica</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>La Alianza del Pacífico: ¿atrapada en el péndulo del regionalismo y del interregionalismo?</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo interpreta la Alianza del Pacífico (AP) en el contexto de los procesos de re...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo interpreta la Alianza del Pacífico (AP) en el contexto de los procesos de regionalización latinoamericanos, y de las transformaciones hemisféricas y globales, considerándola un eje articulador del interregionalismo pos-TPP que combina el interregionalismo bloque-bloque y el interregionalismo híbrido (bloque-Estado). <br />Para cumplir ese objetivo, el texto se divide en cinco partes. Primero, se presenta un marco interpretativo sobre región, regionalismo, interregionalismo, regionalismo cruzado y transregionalismo. Segundo, se interroga por el lugar de la AP en las ‘olas’ de regionalización que han tenido lugar en el subcontinente latinoamericano, al tiempo que la relaciona con la noción del regionalismo cruzado (cross-regionalism). Tercero, se identifican algunos de los factores domésticos e intereses que han motivado la participación de los Estados miembros en la AP. Cuarto, se plantea la interrelación de la AP con otras instituciones de la gobernanza regional, así como las perspectivas de inclusión de otros países del subcontinente latinoamericano como Estados miembros. Quinto, se señalan los puntos principales del relacionamiento de la AP con organizaciones y potencias extrarregionales. Sexto, se plantean los retos y las perspectivas de esta institución en el contexto de las transformaciones hemisféricas y globales.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="5caddd985fff447ce2e680fe31ad2083" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58044474,"asset_id":38022971,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58044474/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38022971"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38022971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38022971; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38022971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38022971]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38022971; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38022971']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38022971, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "5caddd985fff447ce2e680fe31ad2083" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38022971]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38022971,"title":"La Alianza del Pacífico en perspectiva regional e interregional: Teoría y práctica","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El presente capítulo interpreta la Alianza del Pacífico (AP) en el contexto de los procesos de regionalización latinoamericanos, y de las transformaciones hemisféricas y globales, considerándola un eje articulador del interregionalismo pos-TPP que combina el interregionalismo bloque-bloque y el interregionalismo híbrido (bloque-Estado). \r\nPara cumplir ese objetivo, el texto se divide en cinco partes. 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Sexto, se plantean los retos y las perspectivas de esta institución en el contexto de las transformaciones hemisféricas y globales. \r\n","page_numbers":"17-68","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"La Alianza del Pacífico: ¿atrapada en el péndulo del regionalismo y del interregionalismo?"},"translated_abstract":"El presente capítulo interpreta la Alianza del Pacífico (AP) en el contexto de los procesos de regionalización latinoamericanos, y de las transformaciones hemisféricas y globales, considerándola un eje articulador del interregionalismo pos-TPP que combina el interregionalismo bloque-bloque y el interregionalismo híbrido (bloque-Estado). \r\nPara cumplir ese objetivo, el texto se divide en cinco partes. Primero, se presenta un marco interpretativo sobre región, regionalismo, interregionalismo, regionalismo cruzado y transregionalismo. Segundo, se interroga por el lugar de la AP en las ‘olas’ de regionalización que han tenido lugar en el subcontinente latinoamericano, al tiempo que la relaciona con la noción del regionalismo cruzado (cross-regionalism). Tercero, se identifican algunos de los factores domésticos e intereses que han motivado la participación de los Estados miembros en la AP. Cuarto, se plantea la interrelación de la AP con otras instituciones de la gobernanza regional, así como las perspectivas de inclusión de otros países del subcontinente latinoamericano como Estados miembros. Quinto, se señalan los puntos principales del relacionamiento de la AP con organizaciones y potencias extrarregionales. Sexto, se plantean los retos y las perspectivas de esta institución en el contexto de las transformaciones hemisféricas y globales. \r\n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38022971/La_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico_en_perspectiva_regional_e_interregional_Teor%C3%ADa_y_pr%C3%A1ctica","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-12-21T14:23:25.601-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":10779402,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":32197593,"work_id":38022971,"tagging_user_id":10779402,"tagged_user_id":3397257,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***8@gmail.com","affiliation":"Universidad del Valle - Colombia","display_order":1,"name":"Rafael Castro Alegría","title":"La Alianza del Pacífico en perspectiva regional e interregional: Teoría y práctica"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58044474,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58044474/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ALIANZA_LIBRO_FINAL_web_1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58044474/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"La_Alianza_del_Pacifico_en_perspectiva_r.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58044474/ALIANZA_LIBRO_FINAL_web_1-libre.pdf?1545432941=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLa_Alianza_del_Pacifico_en_perspectiva_r.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=AzRIsuy7pBtFN9A~0gQVN7fDm5wpUYOioahRSaq-QUb3oVhrV4gjuCFnVPzVZ~S841FmCFHFytC-ZcbB-eSpti8377weixO-w3HktceuIcu-sjMGPF1FGe9STbV0ublOCIw12-oL6Lp7hGAnhom-1hfEiJVHRNSlnoz1pTozDdZwVb03NSwwhCsqRDnpD7rSILeZV1PJ2RBkNtdHKq5Hz27x9TBdahvgvV1bHCUa4efLF-HRFQN7DbQ-xxY5ndb9kAlggqHQs-fKJL0~QyU-CJXSttvjiw1ADsOSdxoCeDLejTOuAqdt-XJQNla5JD1d4krux08~CRdkwGsE53DNaA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"La_Alianza_del_Pacífico_en_perspectiva_regional_e_interregional_Teoría_y_práctica","translated_slug":"","page_count":319,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":10779402,"first_name":"Eduardo","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Pastrana Buelvas","page_name":"EduardoPastrana","domain_name":"javeriana","created_at":"2014-04-03T11:23:48.916-07:00","display_name":"Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas","url":"https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana"},"attachments":[{"id":58044474,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58044474/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"ALIANZA_LIBRO_FINAL_web_1.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58044474/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"La_Alianza_del_Pacifico_en_perspectiva_r.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/58044474/ALIANZA_LIBRO_FINAL_web_1-libre.pdf?1545432941=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLa_Alianza_del_Pacifico_en_perspectiva_r.pdf\u0026Expires=1732997761\u0026Signature=AzRIsuy7pBtFN9A~0gQVN7fDm5wpUYOioahRSaq-QUb3oVhrV4gjuCFnVPzVZ~S841FmCFHFytC-ZcbB-eSpti8377weixO-w3HktceuIcu-sjMGPF1FGe9STbV0ublOCIw12-oL6Lp7hGAnhom-1hfEiJVHRNSlnoz1pTozDdZwVb03NSwwhCsqRDnpD7rSILeZV1PJ2RBkNtdHKq5Hz27x9TBdahvgvV1bHCUa4efLF-HRFQN7DbQ-xxY5ndb9kAlggqHQs-fKJL0~QyU-CJXSttvjiw1ADsOSdxoCeDLejTOuAqdt-XJQNla5JD1d4krux08~CRdkwGsE53DNaA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations"},{"id":28046,"name":"Regional Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regional_Integration"},{"id":131610,"name":"Interregionalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interregionalism"},{"id":894539,"name":"Alianza Del Pacífico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alianza_Del_Pacifico"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36929260"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36929260/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_frente_al_nuevo_orden_mundial_Poder_globalizaci%C3%B3n_y_respuestas_regionales"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of América Latina y el Caribe frente al nuevo orden mundial. Poder, globalización y respuestas regionales" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56879478/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36929260/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_frente_al_nuevo_orden_mundial_Poder_globalizaci%C3%B3n_y_respuestas_regionales">América Latina y el Caribe frente al nuevo orden mundial. Poder, globalización y respuestas regionales</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cries.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9sSerbin">Andrés Serbin</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ucm.academia.edu/JoseAntonioSanahuja">José Antonio Sanahuja</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uchile.academia.edu/pazmilet">paz milet</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://nyu.academia.edu/NicolasComini">Nicolas Comini</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>América Latina y el Caribe frente al nuevo orden mundial. Poder, globalización y respuestas regionales</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente volumen es el resultado de una serie de seminarios y talleres desarrollados por CRIE...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente volumen es el resultado de una serie de seminarios y talleres <br />desarrollados por CRIES a lo largo del año 2017, como parte de un <br />proyecto regional sobre América Latina y el Caribe frente a los cambios <br />globales y regionales en curso. Originariamente inspirado por el debate y <br />los interrogantes surgidos durante un coloquio realizado al inicio de la VII <br />Cumbre de las Américas en Panamá los días 6 y 7 de abril de 2015 (cuyo <br />propósito fue analizar las transformaciones del entorno internacional y su <br />impacto sobre los cambios hemisféricos - con foco en las relaciones entre <br />Cuba y los EE.UU. y sus efectos regionales) que dio lugar a la publicación <br />de un primer volumen colectivo en 20161 <br />, nació un proyecto regional que <br />se inició a partir del año siguiente. Este proyecto impulsado por CRIES <br />- como parte de un programa regional más amplio –, con la participación <br />de otras instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, redes <br />de la sociedad civil, think tanks y centros de investigación de la región <br />aborda el análisis del punto de inflexión o de cambio de ciclo del sistema <br />internacional contemporáneo y del proceso de globalización, así como <br />las implicancias que esta serie de cambios conllevan para la región de <br />América Latina y el Caribe, como consecuencia de la articulación entre <br />una serie de factores endógenos y exógenos. <br />Entre los factores exógenos cuentan, en primer lugar, el agotamiento <br />del ciclo económico expansivo que la región latinoamericana vivió en el <br />periodo 2003-2013 y el nuevo escenario económico internacional, más <br />desfavorable e incierto por la emergencia de tendencias proteccionistas <br />que cuestionan el multilateralismo y los acuerdos de libre comercio <br />(desde el ALCAN a los mega-acuerdos como el TTP y el TTIP) que <br />se han desarrollado en el marco de la globalización actual. El debate <br />en torno al alcance de estas tendencias se afinca tanto en las políticas <br />revisionistas de la administración de Donald Trump como en el Brexit y <br />las complejas dinámicas internas por las que atraviesa la Unión Europea <br />(UE), como por el rol que desempeñan en esta fase de la globalización <br />actores como China. En segundo lugar, los cambios sociales y políticos <br />que están atravesando la mayor parte de los países de la región, que <br />pueden ser explicados tanto por las transformaciones políticas y sociales <br />1 <br /> Serbin, Andrés (coord.) ¿Fin de ciclo y reconfiguración regional? América Latina <br />y las relaciones entre Cuba y los Estados Unidos, Buenos Aires: CRIES, 2016. <br />Presentación y agradecimientos <br />6 <br />internas como por los procesos de adaptación a ese nuevo escenario, <br />poniendo a prueba la capacidad de mediación de las instituciones de <br />cada país ante las demandas sociales y políticas, afectando los modelos <br />de desarrollo existentes y dando lugar a un nuevo mapa político de la <br />región. En tercer lugar, el desplazamiento del dinamismo económico <br />y geopolítico desde el Atlántico hacia el Pacífico, y el surgimiento del <br />Asia Pacífico, del Indo Pacífico y de la Gran Eurasia, y la crisis del <br />Medio Oriente en sus distintas vertientes, como epicentros regionales <br />de la geopolítica y de la dinámica económica internacional con el desarrollo <br />de narrativas regionales que reflejan intereses geoestratégicos <br />de los actores más poderosos del sistema internacional. En cuarto <br />lugar, la reconfiguración de las relaciones de poder mundial y la crisis <br />del orden liberal internacional y de su modelo de gobernanza global, <br />particularmente en función de la emergencia de un nuevo mapa de <br />potenciales procesos de convergencia regional (entre MERCOSUR y <br />la Alianza del Pacífico) y extra-regional (el acuerdo renovado en abril <br />de 2018 entre México y la Unión Europea, los avances del acuerdo <br />MERCOSUR-UE, el nuevo impulso del TPP con la participación de <br />países latinoamericanos ante la suspensión de la participación estadounidense <br />y los acuerdos estratégicos de países como China) y de la <br />progresiva, pero incierta, transición hacia un nuevo orden mundial. <br />Y finalmente, entre los factores endógenos, la necesidad de que la <br />región estructure una respuesta estratégica a estos nuevos desafíos <br />que, necesariamente, le impone rasgos distintivos a su inserción internacional, <br />desde una perspectiva que incluya una más activa participación <br />ciudadana en interlocución con organismos gubernamentales <br />e intergubernamentales y una mayor diversificación y autonomía en <br />sus vínculos y políticas exteriores.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9c1ca6c7655addff644ce89e91bb694e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56879478,"asset_id":36929260,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56879478/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36929260"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36929260"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36929260; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36929260]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36929260]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36929260; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36929260']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36929260, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9c1ca6c7655addff644ce89e91bb694e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36929260]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36929260,"title":"América Latina y el Caribe frente al nuevo orden mundial. Poder, globalización y respuestas regionales","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El presente volumen es el resultado de una serie de seminarios y talleres\r\ndesarrollados por CRIES a lo largo del año 2017, como parte de un\r\nproyecto regional sobre América Latina y el Caribe frente a los cambios\r\nglobales y regionales en curso. Originariamente inspirado por el debate y\r\nlos interrogantes surgidos durante un coloquio realizado al inicio de la VII\r\nCumbre de las Américas en Panamá los días 6 y 7 de abril de 2015 (cuyo\r\npropósito fue analizar las transformaciones del entorno internacional y su\r\nimpacto sobre los cambios hemisféricos - con foco en las relaciones entre\r\nCuba y los EE.UU. y sus efectos regionales) que dio lugar a la publicación\r\nde un primer volumen colectivo en 20161\r\n, nació un proyecto regional que\r\nse inició a partir del año siguiente. Este proyecto impulsado por CRIES\r\n- como parte de un programa regional más amplio –, con la participación\r\nde otras instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, redes\r\nde la sociedad civil, think tanks y centros de investigación de la región\r\naborda el análisis del punto de inflexión o de cambio de ciclo del sistema\r\ninternacional contemporáneo y del proceso de globalización, así como\r\nlas implicancias que esta serie de cambios conllevan para la región de\r\nAmérica Latina y el Caribe, como consecuencia de la articulación entre\r\nuna serie de factores endógenos y exógenos.\r\nEntre los factores exógenos cuentan, en primer lugar, el agotamiento\r\ndel ciclo económico expansivo que la región latinoamericana vivió en el\r\nperiodo 2003-2013 y el nuevo escenario económico internacional, más\r\ndesfavorable e incierto por la emergencia de tendencias proteccionistas\r\nque cuestionan el multilateralismo y los acuerdos de libre comercio\r\n(desde el ALCAN a los mega-acuerdos como el TTP y el TTIP) que\r\nse han desarrollado en el marco de la globalización actual. El debate\r\nen torno al alcance de estas tendencias se afinca tanto en las políticas\r\nrevisionistas de la administración de Donald Trump como en el Brexit y\r\nlas complejas dinámicas internas por las que atraviesa la Unión Europea\r\n(UE), como por el rol que desempeñan en esta fase de la globalización\r\nactores como China. En segundo lugar, los cambios sociales y políticos\r\nque están atravesando la mayor parte de los países de la región, que\r\npueden ser explicados tanto por las transformaciones políticas y sociales\r\n1\r\n Serbin, Andrés (coord.) ¿Fin de ciclo y reconfiguración regional? América Latina\r\ny las relaciones entre Cuba y los Estados Unidos, Buenos Aires: CRIES, 2016.\r\nPresentación y agradecimientos\r\n6\r\ninternas como por los procesos de adaptación a ese nuevo escenario,\r\nponiendo a prueba la capacidad de mediación de las instituciones de\r\ncada país ante las demandas sociales y políticas, afectando los modelos\r\nde desarrollo existentes y dando lugar a un nuevo mapa político de la\r\nregión. En tercer lugar, el desplazamiento del dinamismo económico\r\ny geopolítico desde el Atlántico hacia el Pacífico, y el surgimiento del\r\nAsia Pacífico, del Indo Pacífico y de la Gran Eurasia, y la crisis del\r\nMedio Oriente en sus distintas vertientes, como epicentros regionales\r\nde la geopolítica y de la dinámica económica internacional con el desarrollo\r\nde narrativas regionales que reflejan intereses geoestratégicos\r\nde los actores más poderosos del sistema internacional. En cuarto\r\nlugar, la reconfiguración de las relaciones de poder mundial y la crisis\r\ndel orden liberal internacional y de su modelo de gobernanza global,\r\nparticularmente en función de la emergencia de un nuevo mapa de\r\npotenciales procesos de convergencia regional (entre MERCOSUR y\r\nla Alianza del Pacífico) y extra-regional (el acuerdo renovado en abril\r\nde 2018 entre México y la Unión Europea, los avances del acuerdo\r\nMERCOSUR-UE, el nuevo impulso del TPP con la participación de\r\npaíses latinoamericanos ante la suspensión de la participación estadounidense\r\ny los acuerdos estratégicos de países como China) y de la\r\nprogresiva, pero incierta, transición hacia un nuevo orden mundial.\r\nY finalmente, entre los factores endógenos, la necesidad de que la\r\nregión estructure una respuesta estratégica a estos nuevos desafíos\r\nque, necesariamente, le impone rasgos distintivos a su inserción internacional,\r\ndesde una perspectiva que incluya una más activa participación\r\nciudadana en interlocución con organismos gubernamentales\r\ne intergubernamentales y una mayor diversificación y autonomía en\r\nsus vínculos y políticas exteriores.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"América Latina y el Caribe frente al nuevo orden mundial. Poder, globalización y respuestas regionales"},"translated_abstract":"El presente volumen es el resultado de una serie de seminarios y talleres\r\ndesarrollados por CRIES a lo largo del año 2017, como parte de un\r\nproyecto regional sobre América Latina y el Caribe frente a los cambios\r\nglobales y regionales en curso. Originariamente inspirado por el debate y\r\nlos interrogantes surgidos durante un coloquio realizado al inicio de la VII\r\nCumbre de las Américas en Panamá los días 6 y 7 de abril de 2015 (cuyo\r\npropósito fue analizar las transformaciones del entorno internacional y su\r\nimpacto sobre los cambios hemisféricos - con foco en las relaciones entre\r\nCuba y los EE.UU. y sus efectos regionales) que dio lugar a la publicación\r\nde un primer volumen colectivo en 20161\r\n, nació un proyecto regional que\r\nse inició a partir del año siguiente. Este proyecto impulsado por CRIES\r\n- como parte de un programa regional más amplio –, con la participación\r\nde otras instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, redes\r\nde la sociedad civil, think tanks y centros de investigación de la región\r\naborda el análisis del punto de inflexión o de cambio de ciclo del sistema\r\ninternacional contemporáneo y del proceso de globalización, así como\r\nlas implicancias que esta serie de cambios conllevan para la región de\r\nAmérica Latina y el Caribe, como consecuencia de la articulación entre\r\nuna serie de factores endógenos y exógenos.\r\nEntre los factores exógenos cuentan, en primer lugar, el agotamiento\r\ndel ciclo económico expansivo que la región latinoamericana vivió en el\r\nperiodo 2003-2013 y el nuevo escenario económico internacional, más\r\ndesfavorable e incierto por la emergencia de tendencias proteccionistas\r\nque cuestionan el multilateralismo y los acuerdos de libre comercio\r\n(desde el ALCAN a los mega-acuerdos como el TTP y el TTIP) que\r\nse han desarrollado en el marco de la globalización actual. El debate\r\nen torno al alcance de estas tendencias se afinca tanto en las políticas\r\nrevisionistas de la administración de Donald Trump como en el Brexit y\r\nlas complejas dinámicas internas por las que atraviesa la Unión Europea\r\n(UE), como por el rol que desempeñan en esta fase de la globalización\r\nactores como China. En segundo lugar, los cambios sociales y políticos\r\nque están atravesando la mayor parte de los países de la región, que\r\npueden ser explicados tanto por las transformaciones políticas y sociales\r\n1\r\n Serbin, Andrés (coord.) ¿Fin de ciclo y reconfiguración regional? América Latina\r\ny las relaciones entre Cuba y los Estados Unidos, Buenos Aires: CRIES, 2016.\r\nPresentación y agradecimientos\r\n6\r\ninternas como por los procesos de adaptación a ese nuevo escenario,\r\nponiendo a prueba la capacidad de mediación de las instituciones de\r\ncada país ante las demandas sociales y políticas, afectando los modelos\r\nde desarrollo existentes y dando lugar a un nuevo mapa político de la\r\nregión. En tercer lugar, el desplazamiento del dinamismo económico\r\ny geopolítico desde el Atlántico hacia el Pacífico, y el surgimiento del\r\nAsia Pacífico, del Indo Pacífico y de la Gran Eurasia, y la crisis del\r\nMedio Oriente en sus distintas vertientes, como epicentros regionales\r\nde la geopolítica y de la dinámica económica internacional con el desarrollo\r\nde narrativas regionales que reflejan intereses geoestratégicos\r\nde los actores más poderosos del sistema internacional. En cuarto\r\nlugar, la reconfiguración de las relaciones de poder mundial y la crisis\r\ndel orden liberal internacional y de su modelo de gobernanza global,\r\nparticularmente en función de la emergencia de un nuevo mapa de\r\npotenciales procesos de convergencia regional (entre MERCOSUR y\r\nla Alianza del Pacífico) y extra-regional (el acuerdo renovado en abril\r\nde 2018 entre México y la Unión Europea, los avances del acuerdo\r\nMERCOSUR-UE, el nuevo impulso del TPP con la participación de\r\npaíses latinoamericanos ante la suspensión de la participación estadounidense\r\ny los acuerdos estratégicos de países como China) y de la\r\nprogresiva, pero incierta, transición hacia un nuevo orden mundial.\r\nY finalmente, entre los factores endógenos, la necesidad de que la\r\nregión estructure una respuesta estratégica a estos nuevos desafíos\r\nque, necesariamente, le impone rasgos distintivos a su inserción internacional,\r\ndesde una perspectiva que incluya una más activa participación\r\nciudadana en interlocución con organismos gubernamentales\r\ne intergubernamentales y una mayor diversificación y autonomía en\r\nsus vínculos y políticas exteriores.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36929260/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe_frente_al_nuevo_orden_mundial_Poder_globalizaci%C3%B3n_y_respuestas_regionales","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-06-27T09:17:19.057-07:00","section":"Books and edited journals","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":{"authorship":{"id":42139889,"created_at":"2018-11-02T08:25:56.595-07:00","section_id":61677,"updated_at":"2018-11-02T08:26:55.592-07:00","user_id":409074,"work_id":36929260,"display_order":-8387580,"is_owner":false}},"current_user_is_owner":false,"owner_id":732632,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[{"id":31601481,"work_id":36929260,"tagging_user_id":732632,"tagged_user_id":409074,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***a@cps.ucm.es","affiliation":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","display_order":1,"name":"José Antonio Sanahuja","title":"América Latina y el Caribe frente al nuevo orden mundial. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33075444"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33075444/La_proyecci%C3%B3n_de_China_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of La proyección de China en América Latina y el Caribe." class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53178145/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33075444/La_proyecci%C3%B3n_de_China_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_y_el_Caribe">La proyección de China en América Latina y el Caribe.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KASColombia">Fundación Konrad Adenauer Colombia</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://urosario.academia.edu/RalfLeiteritz">Ralf Leiteritz</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/DiegoVera">Diego Vera</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlejandraRodriguez395">Alejandra Rodriguez</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarioArroyaveQuintero">Mario Arroyave Quintero</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LauraLuciaRodr%C3%ADguezPe%C3%B1a">Laura Lucia Rodríguez Peña</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/Germ%C3%A1nCamiloPrieto">Germán Camilo Prieto</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El libro "La proyección de China en América Latina y El Caribe" analiza la manera en la que China...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El libro "La proyección de China en América Latina y El Caribe" analiza la manera en la que China ha venido influyendo en las dinámicas hemisféricas. De manera particular, incluye reflexiones acerca de los siguientes ejes temáticos: el marco teórico, las políticas y estrategias, las perspectivas, la política exterior, el comercio e inversión, la dimensión ambiental, las relaciones estratégicas y las incidencias geopolíticas y geoeconómicas de la proyección de China en América Latina y el Caribe.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="19e36e86d44607443cac0fac042e13dc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":53178145,"asset_id":33075444,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53178145/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33075444"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33075444"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33075444; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33075444]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33075444]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33075444; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33075444']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33075444, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "19e36e86d44607443cac0fac042e13dc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33075444]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33075444,"title":"La proyección de China en América Latina y el Caribe.","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El libro \"La proyección de China en América Latina y El Caribe\" analiza la manera en la que China ha venido influyendo en las dinámicas hemisféricas. 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data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/44479433/AM%C3%89RICA_LATINA_Y_CHINA_INTERESES_CONTRARIOS_O_CONCORDANTES"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of AMÉRICA LATINA Y CHINA ¿INTERESES CONTRARIOS O CONCORDANTES?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64910080/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/44479433/AM%C3%89RICA_LATINA_Y_CHINA_INTERESES_CONTRARIOS_O_CONCORDANTES">AMÉRICA LATINA Y CHINA ¿INTERESES CONTRARIOS O CONCORDANTES?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>LOS ACTORES GLOBALES Y EL (RE) DESCUBRIMIENTO DE AMÉRICA LATINA</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El texto interpreta, en primer lugar, las metas chinas al 2050, en el contexto de su política ext...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El texto interpreta, en primer lugar, las metas chinas al 2050, en el contexto de su política exterior. Segundo, se analizan las principales características de las relaciones entre AL y China. Finalmente, se identifican los retos y se proyectan los escenarios que AL puede enfrentar en el contexto de la proyección y despliegue de China de sus programas y acciones de corte geopolítico y geoeconómico en la región, a fin de alcanzar las metas que se ha trazado para el 2050.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8bb7b131ce644f727bda5b4c014a4c59" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":64910080,"asset_id":44479433,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64910080/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="44479433"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44479433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44479433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44479433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44479433]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44479433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='44479433']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44479433, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8bb7b131ce644f727bda5b4c014a4c59" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=44479433]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":44479433,"title":"AMÉRICA LATINA Y CHINA ¿INTERESES CONTRARIOS O CONCORDANTES?","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El texto interpreta, en primer lugar, las metas chinas al 2050, en el contexto de su política exterior. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39789313"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39789313/With_a_little_help_from_my_friends_retos_y_perspectivas_de_Colombia_en_la_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of With a little help from my friends: retos y perspectivas de Colombia en la Alianza del Pacífico" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59974892/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39789313/With_a_little_help_from_my_friends_retos_y_perspectivas_de_Colombia_en_la_Alianza_del_Pac%C3%ADfico">With a little help from my friends: retos y perspectivas de Colombia en la Alianza del Pacífico</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Colombia en su ruta, recorriendo el camino hacia 2050</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo interpreta la participación de Colombia en la Alianza del Pacífico (AP), así...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo interpreta la participación de Colombia en la Alianza del Pacífico (AP), así como las perspectivas, los retos y las oportunidades que esta institución le presenta al país. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se tratará de responder las siguientes preguntas orientadoras de la investigación: ¿cuáles son los conceptos<br />que han sido utilizados para comprender la Alianza del Pacífico?, ¿cuál es el contexto geoeconómico y geopolítico en el que surgió la AP?, ¿cuáles fueron los intereses e ideas que llevaron al Estado colombiano a convertirse en uno de sus miembros fundadores?, ¿cuáles son las perspectivas, los retos y las oportunidades que tiene Colombia en esta institución regional de cara al año 2050? Para dar respuesta a estos interrogantes, el texto está dividido en tres partes. Primero se presentan los principales elementos conceptuales de la discusión académica que ha tenido lugar desde el surgimiento de la AP. Aquí se indaga por el tipo de institución que es la Alianza, en qué contexto económico y político se crea y qué se puede lograr a través de ésta. Segundo, se interpreta la participación de Colombia como miembro fundador de la institución en el contexto de las percepciones, las ideas y los intereses de la política exterior del país durante los gobiernos del expresidente Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2018), y del presidente Iván Duque (2018-presente). Tercero, se evalúan los principales retos y oportunidades que enfrenta el Estado colombiano en esta institución, particularmente en un contexto global y regional en transformación, y se plantean las perspectivas y los escenarios que podrían presentársele hacia 2050.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="15f2d6d1902bd6e6881bec8769b4d27c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59974892,"asset_id":39789313,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59974892/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39789313"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39789313"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39789313; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39789313]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39789313]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39789313; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39789313']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39789313, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "15f2d6d1902bd6e6881bec8769b4d27c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39789313]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39789313,"title":"With a little help from my friends: retos y perspectivas de Colombia en la Alianza del Pacífico","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"El presente capítulo interpreta la participación de Colombia en la Alianza del Pacífico (AP), así como las perspectivas, los retos y las oportunidades que esta institución le presenta al país. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se tratará de responder las siguientes preguntas orientadoras de la investigación: ¿cuáles son los conceptos\nque han sido utilizados para comprender la Alianza del Pacífico?, ¿cuál es el contexto geoeconómico y geopolítico en el que surgió la AP?, ¿cuáles fueron los intereses e ideas que llevaron al Estado colombiano a convertirse en uno de sus miembros fundadores?, ¿cuáles son las perspectivas, los retos y las oportunidades que tiene Colombia en esta institución regional de cara al año 2050? Para dar respuesta a estos interrogantes, el texto está dividido en tres partes. Primero se presentan los principales elementos conceptuales de la discusión académica que ha tenido lugar desde el surgimiento de la AP. Aquí se indaga por el tipo de institución que es la Alianza, en qué contexto económico y político se crea y qué se puede lograr a través de ésta. Segundo, se interpreta la participación de Colombia como miembro fundador de la institución en el contexto de las percepciones, las ideas y los intereses de la política exterior del país durante los gobiernos del expresidente Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2018), y del presidente Iván Duque (2018-presente). Tercero, se evalúan los principales retos y oportunidades que enfrenta el Estado colombiano en esta institución, particularmente en un contexto global y regional en transformación, y se plantean las perspectivas y los escenarios que podrían presentársele hacia 2050. ","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Colombia en su ruta, recorriendo el camino hacia 2050"},"translated_abstract":"El presente capítulo interpreta la participación de Colombia en la Alianza del Pacífico (AP), así como las perspectivas, los retos y las oportunidades que esta institución le presenta al país. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se tratará de responder las siguientes preguntas orientadoras de la investigación: ¿cuáles son los conceptos\nque han sido utilizados para comprender la Alianza del Pacífico?, ¿cuál es el contexto geoeconómico y geopolítico en el que surgió la AP?, ¿cuáles fueron los intereses e ideas que llevaron al Estado colombiano a convertirse en uno de sus miembros fundadores?, ¿cuáles son las perspectivas, los retos y las oportunidades que tiene Colombia en esta institución regional de cara al año 2050? Para dar respuesta a estos interrogantes, el texto está dividido en tres partes. Primero se presentan los principales elementos conceptuales de la discusión académica que ha tenido lugar desde el surgimiento de la AP. Aquí se indaga por el tipo de institución que es la Alianza, en qué contexto económico y político se crea y qué se puede lograr a través de ésta. Segundo, se interpreta la participación de Colombia como miembro fundador de la institución en el contexto de las percepciones, las ideas y los intereses de la política exterior del país durante los gobiernos del expresidente Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2018), y del presidente Iván Duque (2018-presente). Tercero, se evalúan los principales retos y oportunidades que enfrenta el Estado colombiano en esta institución, particularmente en un contexto global y regional en transformación, y se plantean las perspectivas y los escenarios que podrían presentársele hacia 2050. 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Un nuevo ciclo para América Latina" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56819955/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36865628/Orden_mundial_y_transici%C3%B3n_de_poder_en_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina_Un_nuevo_ciclo_para_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina">Orden mundial y transición de poder en América Latina. Un nuevo ciclo para América Latina</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://universidaddelvallecolombia.academia.edu/RafaelCastroAlegr%C3%ADa">Rafael Castro Alegría</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://javeriana.academia.edu/EduardoPastrana">Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">El presente capítulo interpreta algunos de los desafíos y cambios del regionalismo en América Lat...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">El presente capítulo interpreta algunos de los desafíos y cambios del<br />regionalismo en América Latina y el Caribe en el contexto de las actuales transformaciones globales, para lo cual se divide en cuatro partes. En primer lugar, se analizan las transformaciones del nuevo orden mundial, principalmente, a partir de la transición de poder hacia un mundo mucho más multipolar y la proyección de las potencias emergentes en sus respectivas áreas de influencia y en otras regiones del mundo. Segundo, se interpreta el incremento de la presencia de China en América Latina y el Caribe como parte de esas transformaciones así como algunas de sus implicaciones geoestratégicas para la región. Como tercer punto, se subrayan los factores sistémicos globales y regionales que impulsan al subcontinente latinoamericano hacia el fortalecimiento de un interregionalismo con el Asia Pacífico, así como los retos que representa esa aproximación. Finalmente, se argumenta que la Alianza del Pacífico se está convirtiendo, al igual que el Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), en un eje articulador de un interregionalismo pos-TPP, especialmente a partir de la creación de la figura del Estado Asociado y de la aplicación a la misma por parte de Nueva Zelandia, Singapur, Australia y Canadá.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3bad3640595fd3e5aeb89ebe290372b7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56819955,"asset_id":36865628,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56819955/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36865628"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36865628"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36865628; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36865628]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36865628]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36865628; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36865628']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36865628, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3bad3640595fd3e5aeb89ebe290372b7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36865628]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36865628,"title":"Orden mundial y transición de poder en América Latina. 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En primer lugar, se analizan las transformaciones del nuevo orden mundial, principalmente, a partir de la transición de poder hacia un mundo mucho más multipolar y la proyección de las potencias emergentes en sus respectivas áreas de influencia y en otras regiones del mundo. Segundo, se interpreta el incremento de la presencia de China en América Latina y el Caribe como parte de esas transformaciones así como algunas de sus implicaciones geoestratégicas para la región. Como tercer punto, se subrayan los factores sistémicos globales y regionales que impulsan al subcontinente latinoamericano hacia el fortalecimiento de un interregionalismo con el Asia Pacífico, así como los retos que representa esa aproximación. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36226547"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36226547/Colombian_Foreign_Policy_Contestation_by_Institution_Building"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Colombian Foreign Policy: Contestation by Institution Building" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36226547/Colombian_Foreign_Policy_Contestation_by_Institution_Building">Colombian Foreign Policy: Contestation by Institution Building</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Brazil has launched a regional leadership project in South America to strengthen its global posit...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Brazil has launched a regional leadership project in South America to strengthen its global position, yet secondary regional powers have contested it through diverse means and to different ends. Among these secondary regional powers, Colombia represents a case of institutional contestation. In this chapter, Flemes and Castro address how Colombia has deployed institutional contestation in relation to Brazil, especially in the context of Colombia’s new international identity and the creation of the Pacific Alliance. The authors examine the impact of the latest political and structural changes that South America is undergoing—the decline of leftist populism in South America and the downgrading of former secondary powers such as Venezuela—on Colombia’s contestation approach. 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Le ha permitido al Estado colombiano alcanzar un mayor nivel de inserción económica internacional, incrementar su participación en instituciones de gobernanza regional y proyectar estrategias de mayor involucramiento con la región Asia-Pacífico. Así como buscar respaldo para ingresar a instituciones como el APEC y a negociaciones de mega-bloques comerciales como el Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP). El objetivo de diversificar geográficamente la agenda de política exterior colombiana se inscribe dentro de un contexto global, regional y doméstico particular que debe ser analizado detalladamente.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fe25bbe03c569db89b88bbbb1bcdf373" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93154761,"asset_id":33179716,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93154761/download_file?st=MTczMjk5NDE2Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33179716"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33179716"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33179716; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33179716]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33179716]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33179716; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33179716']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33179716, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fe25bbe03c569db89b88bbbb1bcdf373" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33179716]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33179716,"title":"El rol de la Alianza del Pacífico en la diversificación geográfica de la política exterior colombiana","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"La Alianza del Pacífico (AP) se ha convertido en uno de los pilares clave para diversificar geográficamente la agenda de política exterior colombiana. 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