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Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="توبياس ميخائيل كايل آسر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توبياس ميخائيل كايل آسر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="টোবিয়াস অ্যাসার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টোবিয়াস অ্যাসার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тобіяс Асер – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тобіяс Асер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Тобіяс Асэр – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тобіяс Асэр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тобиас Михаел Карел Асер – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тобиас Михаел Карел Асер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="توبیاس آسر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توبیاس آسر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michel_Karel_Asser" title="Tobias Michel Karel Asser – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tobias Michel Karel Asser" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A5%B2%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0" title="टोबियास ॲसर – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="टोबियास ॲसर" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C%EB%A5%B4" title="토비아스 아서르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="토비아스 아서르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BD_%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Թոբիաս Ասեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թոբիաս Ասեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A8" title="טוביאס אסר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טוביאס אסר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ტობიას ასერი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტობიას ასერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тобијас Асер – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тобијас Асер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="توبياس مايكل كايل آسر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توبياس مايكل كايل آسر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB" title="トビアス・アッセル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トビアス・アッセル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਟੋਬੀਆਸ ਮਿਕੇਲ ਆਰੇਲ ਆਸਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟੋਬੀਆਸ ਮਿਕੇਲ ਆਰੇਲ ਆਸਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="ٹوبیاس مائیکل کارل اسر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹوبیاس مائیکل کارل اسر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ассер, Тобиас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ассер, Тобиас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Michael_Carel_Asser" title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tobias Michael Carel Asser" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobias_Asser" title="Tobias Asser – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tobias Asser" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тобіас Ассер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тобіас Ассер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="ٹوبیاس مائیکل کارل اسر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹوبیاس مائیکل کارل اسر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/TMCasser.jpg/180px-TMCasser.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/TMCasser.jpg/270px-TMCasser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/TMCasser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a><figcaption>Asser in c. 1911</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Tobias Michael Carel Asser</b> (April 28, 1838 – July 29, 1913) was a <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> lawyer and legal scholar of Jewish background. In 1911, he was cowinner (with <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hermann_Fried" title="Alfred Hermann Fried">Alfred Hermann Fried</a>) of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> for his role in the formation of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at the first Hague peace conference (1899).<sup id="cite_ref-AJILMem_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AJILMem-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was the son of Carel Daniel Asser (1813-85), and grandson of Carel Asser (1780-1836). He studied law at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leiden_University" title="Leiden University">Leiden University</a> and was law professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a>. Asser died on July 29, 1913 in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">The Hague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, aged 75. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobias_Asser&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobias_Asser&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150605084706/http://www.geocities.com/peace_888grom/asser-bio.html">Tobias Michael Carel Asser–Biography</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AJILMem-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-AJILMem_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1">"In Memoriam: T. M. C. Asser". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Journal_of_International_Law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Journal of International Law (not yet started)">American Journal of International Law</a></i>. <b>8</b> (2). <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Society_of_International_Law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Society of International Law (not yet started)">American Society of International Law</a>: 343–44. April 1914. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0002930000769867">10.1017/S0002930000769867</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246011327">246011327</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=In+Memoriam%3A+T.+M.+C.+Asser&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=343-44&rft.date=1914-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0002930000769867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A246011327%23id-name%3DS2CID&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ATobias+Asser" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other 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href="/wiki/Template:Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Template:Nobel Peace Prize"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Template talk:Nobel Peace Prize"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Nobel_Peace_Prize&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background:#d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winners_of_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Winners of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dunant" title="Henry Dunant">Dunant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Passy" title="Frédéric Passy">Passy</a> (1901)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie_Ducommun" title="Élie Ducommun">Ducommun</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_Gobat" title="Charles Albert Gobat">Gobat</a> (1902)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Randal_Cremer" title="Randal Cremer">Cremer</a> (1903)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Institut_de_Droit_International" title="Institut de Droit International">IDI</a> (1904)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bertha_von_Suttner" title="Bertha von Suttner">Suttner</a> (1905)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> (1906)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Teodoro_Moneta" title="Ernesto Teodoro Moneta">Moneta</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Renault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Renault (not yet started)">Renault</a> (1907)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klas_Pontus_Arnoldson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klas Pontus Arnoldson (not yet started)">Arnoldson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Bajer" title="Fredrik Bajer">Bajer</a> (1908)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auguste_Marie_Francois_Beernaert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auguste Marie Francois Beernaert (not yet started)">Beernaert</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul-Henri-Benjamin_d%27Estournelles_de_Constant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant (not yet started)">Estournelles de Constant</a> (1909)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Peace_Bureau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Peace Bureau (not yet started)">IPB</a> (1910)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Asser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hermann_Fried" title="Alfred Hermann Fried">Fried</a> (1911)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elihu_Root" title="Elihu Root">Root</a> (1912)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henri_La_Fontaine" title="Henri La Fontaine">La Fontaine</a> (1913)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (1917)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a> (1919)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_Bourgeois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Bourgeois (not yet started)">Bourgeois</a> (1920)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lous_Lange" title="Christian Lous Lange">Lange</a> (1921)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Nansen</a> (1922)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Austen_Chamberlain" title="Austen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Dawes</a> (1925) </span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aristide_Briand" title="Aristide Briand">Briand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Stresemann</a> (1926)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinand_Buisson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinand Buisson (not yet started)">Buisson</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Quidde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Quidde (not yet started)">Quidde</a> (1927)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_B._Kellogg" title="Frank B. Kellogg">Kellogg</a> (1929)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_S%C3%B6derblom" title="Nathan Söderblom">Söderblom</a> (1930)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams" title="Jane Addams">Addams</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Murray_Butler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Murray Butler (not yet started)">Butler</a> (1931)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Angell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Angell (not yet started)">Angell</a> (1933)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a> (1934)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Ossietzky" title="Carl von Ossietzky">Ossietzky</a> (1935)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Saavedra_Lamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos Saavedra Lamas (not yet started)">Lamas</a> (1936)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_1st_Viscount_Cecil_of_Chelwood" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood">Cecil</a> (1937)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nansen_passport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nansen passport (not yet started)">Nansen Office</a> (1938)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> (1944)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Hull</a> (1945)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emily_Greene_Balch" title="Emily Greene Balch">Balch</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Mott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Mott (not yet started)">Mott</a> (1946)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quaker_Peace_and_Social_Witness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quaker Peace and Social Witness (not yet started)">QPSW</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Friends_Service_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Friends Service Committee (not yet started)">AFSC</a> (1947)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Boyd_Orr" title="John Boyd Orr">Boyd Orr</a> (1949)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bunche" title="Ralph Bunche">Bunche</a> (1950) </span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_Jouhaux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Jouhaux (not yet started)">Jouhaux</a> (1951)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Schweitzer" title="Albert Schweitzer">Schweitzer</a> (1952)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" title="George Marshall">Marshall</a> (1953)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a> (1954)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Pearson</a> (1957)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_Pire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Pire (not yet started)">Pire</a> (1958)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Noel-Baker,_Baron_Noel-Baker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker (not yet started)">Noel‑Baker</a> (1959)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Lutuli" title="Albert Lutuli">Lutuli</a> (1960)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld">Hammarskjöld</a> (1961)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Pauling</a> (1962)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross" title="International Committee of the Red Cross">International Committee of the Red Cross</a> / <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">League of Red Cross Societies</a> (1963)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Luther King, Jr.">King</a> (1964)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a> (1965)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Cassin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="René Cassin (not yet started)">Cassin</a> (1968)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">ILO</a> (1969)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Borlaug" title="Norman Borlaug">Borlaug</a> (1970)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Brandt</a> (1971)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Kissinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Le_Duc_Tho" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Duc Tho">Le</a> (1973)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Se%C3%A1n_MacBride&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seán MacBride (not yet started)">MacBride</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Sato</a> (1974)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" title="Andrei Sakharov">Sakharov</a> (1975) </span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Betty_Williams_(nobel_laureate)" class="mw-redirect" title="Betty Williams (nobel laureate)">B.Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mairead_Corrigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mairead Corrigan">Corrigan</a> (1976)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">AI</a> (1977)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Sadat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Begin</a> (1978)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a> (1979)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adolfo_P%C3%A9rez_Esquivel" title="Adolfo Pérez Esquivel">Esquivel</a> (1980)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a> (1981)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alva_Myrdal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alva Myrdal (not yet started)">Myrdal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Garc%C3%ADa_Robles" title="Alfonso García Robles">García Robles</a> (1982)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Wałęsa</a> (1983)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Tutu</a> (1984)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Physicians_for_the_Prevention_of_Nuclear_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (not yet started)">IPPNW</a> (1985)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elie_Wiesel" title="Elie Wiesel">Wiesel</a> (1986)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arias" title="Óscar Arias">Arias</a> (1987)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peacekeeping&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peacekeeping (not yet started)">UN Peacekeeping Forces</a> (1988)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/14th_Dalai_Lama" title="14th Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> (1989)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Gorbachev</a> (1990)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Aung San Suu Kyi">Suu Kyi</a> (1991)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Menchú</a> (1992)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">de Klerk</a> (1993)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Arafat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Peres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Rabin</a> (1994)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pugwash_Conferences_on_Science_and_World_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs (not yet started)">Pugwash Conferences</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Rotblat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Rotblat (not yet started)">Rotblat</a> (1995)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Filipe_Ximenes_Belo" title="Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo">Belo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">Ramos-Horta</a> (1996)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Campaign_to_Ban_Landmines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Campaign to Ban Landmines (not yet started)">ICBL</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jody_Williams" title="Jody Williams">J.Williams</a> (1997)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Hume" title="John Hume">Hume</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Trimble" title="David Trimble">Trimble</a> (1998)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doctors_Without_Borders" title="Doctors Without Borders">Médecins Sans Frontières</a> (1999)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kim_Dae-jung" title="Kim Dae-jung">Kim</a> (2000) </span> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">UN</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Annan</a> (2001)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a> (2002)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirin_Ebadi" title="Shirin Ebadi">Ebadi</a> (2003)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wangari_Maathai" title="Wangari Maathai">Maathai</a> (2004)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">IAEA</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei" title="Mohamed ElBaradei">ElBaradei</a> (2005)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Yunus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Grameen_Bank" title="Grameen Bank">Grameen Bank</a> (2006)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change" title="Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change">IPCC</a> (2007)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martti_Ahtisaari" title="Martti Ahtisaari">Ahtisaari</a> (2008)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a> (2009)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Xiaobo</a> (2010)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Johnson_Sirleaf" title="Ellen Johnson Sirleaf">Sirleaf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leymah_Gbowee" title="Leymah Gbowee">Gbowee</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tawakel_Karman" title="Tawakel Karman">Karman</a> (2011)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> (2012)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a> (2013)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai" title="Malala Yousafzai">Yousafzai</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kailash_Satyarthi" title="Kailash Satyarthi">Satyarthi</a> (2014)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_National_Dialogue_Quartet" title="Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet">Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet</a> (2015)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Santos" title="Juan Manuel Santos">Juan Manuel Santos</a> (2016)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Campaign_to_Abolish_Nuclear_Weapons" title="International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons">International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons</a> (2017)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denis_Mukwege" title="Denis Mukwege">Mukwege</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Murad" title="Nadia Murad">Murad</a> (2018)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Ahmed</a> (2019)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a> (2020)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Muratov" title="Dmitry Muratov">Muratov</a> (2021)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ales_Bialiatski" title="Ales Bialiatski">Bialiatski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Memorial_(society)" title="Memorial (society)">Memorial</a> / <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Civil_Liberties_(human_rights_organization)" title="Center for Civil Liberties (human rights organization)">Center for Civil Liberties</a> (2022)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Narges_Mohammadi" title="Narges Mohammadi">Mohammadi</a> (2023)</span> <b>·</b>  <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nihon_Hidankyo" title="Nihon Hidankyo">Nihon Hidankyo</a> (2024)</span> </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks" id="stub"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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