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<span>Governor of Virginia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governor_of_Virginia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return_to_legislature_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return_to_legislature_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Return to legislature and death</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Return_to_legislature_and_death-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Return to legislature and death subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Return_to_legislature_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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V</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3" title="بنجامين هاريسون الخامس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنجامين هاريسون الخامس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85" title="بنجامین هریسون پنجم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بنجامین هریسون پنجم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V." title="Benjamin Harrison V. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85" title="بنیامین هریسون پنجم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بنیامین هریسون پنجم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A4%EC%A0%80%EB%AF%BC_%ED%95%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A8_5%EC%84%B8" title="벤저민 해리슨 5세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="벤저민 해리슨 5세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%92%27%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99" title="בנג'מין הריסון החמישי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בנג'מין הריסון החמישי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beniaminus_Harrison_V" title="Beniaminus Harrison V – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Beniaminus Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3_(5%E4%B8%96)" title="ベンジャミン・ハリソン (5世) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベンジャミン・ハリソン (5世)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%86%DA%81%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="پنځم بنجامین هاریسون – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پنځم بنجامین هاریسون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_V" title="Харрисон, Бенджамин V – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Харрисон, Бенджамин V" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_V" title="Benjamin Harrison V – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Benjamin Harrison V" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_V" title="Бенджамін Гаррісон V – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бенджамін Гаррісон V" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E6%9D%B0%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E6%A3%AE%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="本杰明·哈里森五世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="本杰明·哈里森五世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q387664#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American Founding Father, planter, and merchant (1726–1791)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Benjamin Harrison V</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Harrison_V_Portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Benjamin_Harrison_V_Portrait.jpg/220px-Benjamin_Harrison_V_Portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Benjamin_Harrison_V_Portrait.jpg/330px-Benjamin_Harrison_V_Portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Benjamin_Harrison_V_Portrait.jpg/440px-Benjamin_Harrison_V_Portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="606" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Miniature portrait, 18th century, <a href="/wiki/Anonymity" title="Anonymity">unknown artist</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">5th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia" title="Governor of Virginia">Governor of Virginia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />December 1, 1781 – December 1, 1784</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nelson_Jr." title="Thomas Nelson Jr.">Thomas Nelson Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry" title="Patrick Henry">Patrick Henry</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Speakers_of_the_Virginia_House_of_Delegates" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Speakers of the Virginia House of Delegates">Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1785–1786</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler_Sr." title="John Tyler Sr.">John Tyler Sr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Prentis" title="Joseph Prentis">Joseph Prentis</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />May 7, 1781 – December 1, 1781</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Richard Henry Lee</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">John Tyler Sr.</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />May 4, 1778 – March 1, 1781</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Wythe" title="George Wythe">George Wythe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Richard Henry Lee</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="Virginia House of Delegates">Virginia House of Delegates</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Charles_City_County,_Virginia" title="Charles City County, Virginia">Charles City County</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />May 5, 1777 – December 1, 1781</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Samuel Harwood</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">William Green Munford</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1726-04-05</span>)</span>April 5, 1726<br /><a href="/wiki/Charles_City_County,_Virginia" title="Charles City County, Virginia">Charles City County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Colony of Virginia</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_America" title="British America">British America</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 24, 1791<span style="display:none">(1791-04-24)</span> (aged 65)<br />Charles City County, Virginia, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Plantation" title="Berkeley Plantation">Berkeley Plantation</a>, Charles City County, Virginia, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Elizabeth Bassett</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1748)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">7, including <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_VI" title="Benjamin Harrison VI">Benjamin VI</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_IV" title="Benjamin Harrison IV">Benjamin Harrison IV</a> <br />Anne Carter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_family_of_Virginia" title="Harrison family of Virginia">Harrison family of Virginia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/College_of_William_and_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="College of William and Mary">College of William and Mary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Politician</li><li>planter</li><li>merchant</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Harrison_V_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Benjamin Harrison V's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Benjamin_Harrison_V_Signature.svg/128px-Benjamin_Harrison_V_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Benjamin_Harrison_V_Signature.svg/192px-Benjamin_Harrison_V_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Benjamin_Harrison_V_Signature.svg/256px-Benjamin_Harrison_V_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="76" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Benjamin Harrison V</b> (April 5, 1726 – April 24, 1791) was an American <a href="/wiki/Planter_class" title="Planter class">planter</a>, merchant, and politician who served as a legislator in <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">colonial Virginia</a>, following his namesakes' tradition of public service. He was a signer of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">United States Declaration of Independence</a>, and was one of the nation's <a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a>. He served as Virginia's governor from 1781 to 1784. </p><p>He was born into the <a href="/wiki/Harrison_family_of_Virginia" title="Harrison family of Virginia">Harrison family of Virginia</a> at their homestead, the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_plantation" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkeley plantation">Berkeley plantation</a>. He served an aggregate of three decades in the Virginia <a href="/wiki/House_of_Burgesses" title="House of Burgesses">House of Burgesses</a>, alternately representing <a href="/wiki/Surry_County,_Virginia" title="Surry County, Virginia">Surry County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_City_County,_Virginia" title="Charles City County, Virginia">Charles City County</a>. Harrison was among the early <a href="/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)" title="Patriot (American Revolution)">patriots</a> to formally protest measures that King <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Great_Britain" title="Parliament of Great Britain">British Parliament</a> imposed upon the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">American colonies</a>, leading to the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>. Although a slaveholder, Harrison joined a 1772 petition to the king, requesting that he <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States" title="Abolitionism in the United States">abolish the slave trade</a>. </p><p>As a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> and chair of its <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_the_whole" title="Committee of the whole">Committee of the whole</a>, Harrison attended and presided over the final debate of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a>. He was one of its signers in 1776. The Declaration included a foundational philosophy of the United States: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." </p><p>Harrison was elected as Virginia's fifth governor; his administration was marked by its futile struggle with a state treasury decimated by the Revolutionary War. He later returned to the Virginia House for two final terms. In disagreement with his traditional ally <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, Harrison, in 1788, cast one of his last votes in opposition to the nation's <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">Constitution</a> for its lack of a <a href="/wiki/Bill_of_rights" title="Bill of rights">bill of rights</a>. He left two descendants who became <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">United States presidents</a>—son <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> and great-grandson <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parents_and_siblings">Parents and siblings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Parents and siblings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harrison was born April 5, 1726, in Charles City County, Virginia; he was the eldest son and 3rd oldest of ten children of <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_IV" title="Benjamin Harrison IV">Benjamin Harrison IV</a> (1693–1745) and Anne Carter (1702–1743); Anne was a daughter of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carter_I" title="Robert Carter I">Robert Carter I</a>. Benjamin Harrison I (1594–1648) arrived in the colonies around 1630 and by 1633 began a family tradition of public service when he was recorded as clerk of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Governor%27s_Council" title="Virginia Governor's Council">Virginia Governor's Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarrison197546_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarrison197546-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Benjamin Harrison II (1645–1712) and <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_III" title="Benjamin Harrison III">Benjamin Harrison III</a> (1673–1710) followed this example, serving as delegates in the Virginia <a href="/wiki/House_of_Burgesses" title="House of Burgesses">House of Burgesses</a>. Benjamin IV and his wife Anne built the family's manor house at <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Plantation" title="Berkeley Plantation">Berkeley Plantation</a>; he served as a justice of the peace and represented Charles City County in the Virginia House of Burgesses.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19784–5_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19784–5-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Biographer Clifford Dowdey notes that the family did not employ the roman numeral suffixes, which historians have assigned.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957116_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957116-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p><p>Benjamin V, in his youth, was "tall and powerfully built," with "features that were clearly defined, and a well-shaped mouth above a strong pointed chin."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey19575–7_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey19575–7-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He spent a year or two at the <a href="/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary" title="College of William & Mary">College of William & Mary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957159_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957159-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His brother <a href="/wiki/Carter_Henry_Harrison_I" title="Carter Henry Harrison I">Carter Henry</a> (1736–1793) became a leader in <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_County,_Virginia" title="Cumberland County, Virginia">Cumberland County</a>. Brother Nathaniel (1742–1782) was elected to the House of Burgesses, then to the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate of Virginia">Virginia Senate</a>. Brother Henry (1736–1772) fought in the <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a> and brother <a href="/wiki/Charles_Harrison_(general)" title="Charles Harrison (general)">Charles</a> (1740–1793) became a brigadier general in the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19784–5_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19784–5-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inheritance_and_slaveholding">Inheritance and slaveholding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Inheritance and slaveholding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harrison's father, at age 51 and with a child in hand, was struck by lightning as he shut an upstairs window during a storm on July 12, 1745; he and his daughter Hannah were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957157–58_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957157–58-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Benjamin V inherited the bulk of his father's estate, including Berkeley and several surrounding plantations, as well as thousands of acres extending to Surry County and the falls of the <a href="/wiki/James_River" title="James River">James River</a>. Also among his holdings was a fishery on the river and a grist mill in <a href="/wiki/Henrico_County,_Virginia" title="Henrico County, Virginia">Henrico County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19785–7_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19785–7-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also assumed ownership and responsibility for the manor house's equipment, stock, and numerous enslaved people.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957162_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957162-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His siblings inherited another six plantations, possessions, and enslaved people, as the father chose to depart from the tradition of leaving the entire estate to the eldest son.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957163_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957163-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison and his ancestors enslaved as many as 80 to 100 people. Harrison's father was adamant about not breaking up slave families in the distribution of his estate.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164–165_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164–165-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As with all planters, the Harrisons sustained enslaved people on their plantations. Nevertheless, the enslaved people's status was involuntary, and according to Dowdey, "among the worst aspects of their slaveholding is the assumption that the men in the Harrison family, most likely the younger, unmarried ones, and the overseers, made night trips to the slaves' quarters for carnal purposes."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Benjamin Harrison V owned <a href="/wiki/Mulatto" title="Mulatto">mulattoes</a>, though no record has been revealed as to their parentage.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dowdey portrays the Harrisons' further incongruity, saying the enslaved people in some ways "were respected as families, and there developed a sense of duty about indoctrinating them in Christianity, though other slaveholders had reservations about baptizing children who were considered property."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriage_and_children">Marriage and children</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Marriage and children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:320px;max-width:320px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Son and great-grandson presidents</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Henry_Harrison_daguerreotype_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/William_Henry_Harrison_daguerreotype_edit.jpg/170px-William_Henry_Harrison_daguerreotype_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/William_Henry_Harrison_daguerreotype_edit.jpg/255px-William_Henry_Harrison_daguerreotype_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/William_Henry_Harrison_daguerreotype_edit.jpg/340px-William_Henry_Harrison_daguerreotype_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1822" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">William Henry Harrison</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg/142px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg/213px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg/284px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2638" data-file-height="3765" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Benjamin Harrison</div></div></div></div></div> <p>In 1748, Harrison married Elizabeth Bassett (1730–1792) of <a href="/wiki/New_Kent_County,_Virginia" title="New Kent County, Virginia">New Kent County</a>; she was the daughter of Colonel William Bassett (1709–1744) and Elizabeth Churchill (1709–1779), daughter of burgess <a href="/wiki/William_Churchill_(burgess)" title="William Churchill (burgess)">William Churchill</a> (1649–1710). Harrison and his wife had eight children during their 40-year marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19788_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19788-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among them was eldest daughter Lucy Bassett (1749–1809), who married Peyton Randolph (1738–1784). Another daughter, Anne Bassett (1753–1821), married David Coupland (1749–1822). The eldest son was <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_VI" title="Benjamin Harrison VI">Benjamin Harrison VI</a> (1755–1799), a briefly successful merchant who served in the Virginia House of Delegates but who died a self-indulgent, troubled, young widower.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957291–300_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957291–300-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another was <a href="/wiki/Carter_Bassett_Harrison" title="Carter Bassett Harrison">Carter Bassett Harrison</a> (c.1756–1808), who served in the Virginia House of Delegates and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other children were Elizabeth Harrison (1751–1791), who married a doctor <a href="/wiki/William_Rickman" title="William Rickman">William Rickman</a> (c. 1731–1783) and Sarah Harrison (1770–1812), who married John Minge. </p><p>The youngest child was General <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> (1773–1841), who became a congressional delegate for the <a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territory" title="Northwest Territory">Northwest Territory</a> and also was governor of the <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Territory" title="Indiana Territory">Indiana Territory</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840 United States presidential election</a>, William Henry defeated incumbent <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> but fell ill and died just one month into his presidency. Vice President <a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a>, a fellow Virginian and Berkeley neighbor succeeded him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957301–308_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957301–308-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> William Henry's grandson, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a> (1833–1901), was a brigadier general in the <a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. Benjamin served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> and was <a href="/wiki/1888_United_States_presidential_election" title="1888 United States presidential election">elected president in 1888</a> after defeating incumbent <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957308–315_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957308–315-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Virginia_delegate">Virginia delegate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Virginia delegate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1749, Harrison first took his father's path in being elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses, initially for Surry County; however, he was not of legal age to assume his burgesses seat, which was delayed until 1752. His county representations in the Burgesses were as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197810_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197810-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1752–1761 – Surry County</li> <li>1766–1781 – Charles City County</li> <li>1785–1786 – Surry County</li> <li>1787–1790 – Charles City County</li></ul> <p>In his first year in the House of Burgesses in 1752, Harrison was appointed to the Committee of Propositions and Grievances and thereby participated in a confrontation with King George and his <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Great_Britain" title="Parliament of Great Britain">Parliament</a> and their appointed Governor of Virginia, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dinwiddie" title="Robert Dinwiddie">Robert Dinwiddie</a>. There developed a dispute with the governor over his levy of a <a href="/wiki/Pistole" title="Pistole">pistole</a> (a Spanish gold coin) upon all land patents, which presaged the core issue of the American Revolution two decades later—<a href="/wiki/No_taxation_without_representation" title="No taxation without representation">taxation without representation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197812_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197812-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison assisted in drafting a complaint to the governor and the Crown, which read that the payment of any such levy would be "deemed a betrayal of the rights and privileges of the people."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197811–12_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197811–12-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">British Privy Council</a> received the complaint, it replied: "that the lower house is a subordinate lawmaking body, and where the King's decisions are concerned, it counts for nothing."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197812_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197812-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On this occasion, a compromise was reached, allowing the governor's levy on parcels of less than 100 acres lying east of the mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197812_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197812-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Williamsburg_Virginia_Court_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Williamsburg_Virginia_Court_House.jpg/220px-Williamsburg_Virginia_Court_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Williamsburg_Virginia_Court_House.jpg/330px-Williamsburg_Virginia_Court_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Williamsburg_Virginia_Court_House.jpg/440px-Williamsburg_Virginia_Court_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Courthouse_(Colonial_Williamsburg)" title="Courthouse (Colonial Williamsburg)">Williamsburg Courthouse</a>. Harrison helped raise the funds to purchase the courthouse for the city.</figcaption></figure> <p>Harrison again joined the fray with Britain after it adopted the <a href="/wiki/Townshend_Acts" title="Townshend Acts">Townshend Acts</a>, formally asserting the Parliament's right to tax the colonies. He was appointed in 1768 to a special committee to draft a response for the colony. A resolution asserted the right of British subjects to be taxed only by their elected representatives.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197819_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197819-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The American colonies achieved their objective with a repeal of the Townshend Acts through the action of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_North,_Lord_North" title="Frederick North, Lord North">Lord North</a>, who nevertheless continued the tax on tea.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197821_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197821-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison was a 1770 signer of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Association" title="Virginia Association">Virginia Association</a>, an association of Virginia lawmakers and merchants boycotting British imports until the British Parliament repealed its tea tax.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957172_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957172-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also sponsored a bill declaring that Parliament's laws were illegal without the colonists' consent.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197821_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197821-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison, at this time, also served as a justice in Charles City County. When the city of <a href="/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginia" title="Williamsburg, Virginia">Williamsburg</a> lacked the funds for the construction of a courthouse, he and fellow delegate James Littlepage organized a group of "Gentlemen Subscribers" who purchased an unused building and presented it to the city in 1771.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19789_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19789-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early in 1772, Harrison and Thomas Jefferson were among a group of six Virginia house delegates assigned to prepare and deliver an address to the king which called for an end to the importation of enslaved people from Africa. Biographer Howard Smith indicates that the request was delivered and was unambiguous in its object to close the slave trade; the king rejected it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197822_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197822-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Congressional_delegate_in_Philadelphia">Congressional delegate in Philadelphia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Congressional delegate in Philadelphia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1773, colonists protested the British tax on tea by destroying a shipment during the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party" title="Boston Tea Party">Boston Tea Party</a>. While all of the colonies were inspired by the news, some patriots, including Harrison, had misgivings and believed the Bostonians had a duty to reimburse the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a> for its losses at their hands. The British Parliament responded to the protest by enacting more punitive measures, which colonists called the <a href="/wiki/Intolerable_Acts" title="Intolerable Acts">Intolerable Acts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197823_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197823-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite his qualms, Harrison was among 89 members of the Virginia Burgesses who signed a new association on May 24, 1774, condemning Parliament's action. The group also invited other colonies to convene a Continental Congress and called for a convention to select its Virginia delegates.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957173_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957173-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Conventions" title="Virginia Conventions">First Virginia Convention</a>, Harrison was selected on August 5, 1774, as one of seven delegates to represent Virginia at the Congress, to be located in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197824–25_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197824–25-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison set out that month, leaving his home state for the first time. He was armed with a positive reputation built in the House of Burgesses, which <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Randolph" title="Edmund Randolph">Edmund Randolph</a> articulated to the Congress: "A favorite of the day was Benjamin Harrison. With strong sense and a temper not disposed to compromise with ministerial power, he scruples not to utter any untruth. During a long service in the House of Burgesses, his frankness, though sometimes tinctured with bitterness, has been the source of considerable attachment."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197810_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197810-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carpenters%27_Hall,_Philadelphia,_USA,_May_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Carpenters%27_Hall%2C_Philadelphia%2C_USA%2C_May_2015.jpg/220px-Carpenters%27_Hall%2C_Philadelphia%2C_USA%2C_May_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Carpenters%27_Hall%2C_Philadelphia%2C_USA%2C_May_2015.jpg/330px-Carpenters%27_Hall%2C_Philadelphia%2C_USA%2C_May_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Carpenters%27_Hall%2C_Philadelphia%2C_USA%2C_May_2015.jpg/440px-Carpenters%27_Hall%2C_Philadelphia%2C_USA%2C_May_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4236" data-file-height="2920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Carpenters%27_Hall" title="Carpenters' Hall">Carpenters' Hall</a>, location of the First Continental Congress</figcaption></figure> <p>Harrison arrived in Philadelphia on September 2, 1774, for the <a href="/wiki/First_Continental_Congress" title="First Continental Congress">First Continental Congress</a>. According to biographer Smith, he gravitated to the older and more conservative delegates in Philadelphia; he was more distant from the New Englanders and the more radical, particularly <a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Samuel Adams</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197837–39_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197837–39-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genuine and mutual enmity between the Adams cousins and Harrison also stemmed from their <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritan</a> upbringing in aversion to human pleasures and Harrison's appreciation for bold storytelling, fine food, and wine.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAdams185135_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAdams185135-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Adams described Harrison in his diary as "another Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Falstaff" title="John Falstaff">John Falstaff</a>," as "obscene," "profane," and "impious."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197826_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197826-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he also recalled Harrison's comment that he was so eager to participate in the Congress that "he would have come on foot."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197825_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197825-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Politically, Harrison aligned with <a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">John Hancock</a> and Adams with <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Richard Henry Lee</a>, whom Harrison had adamantly opposed in the House of Burgesses.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197826–28_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197826–28-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Investments and commercial interests of the centrists such as <a href="/wiki/Robert_Morris_(financier)" title="Robert Morris (financier)">Robert Morris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Willing" title="Thomas Willing">Thomas Willing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carter_Braxton" title="Carter Braxton">Carter Braxton</a>, and Harrison informed their conservatism.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1774, Harrison signed the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a>, an association with the other delegates dictating a boycott of exports and imports with Britain, effective immediately. This was modeled after the Virginia Association, which Harrison had earlier signed in his home state. The First Congress concluded that month with a <a href="/wiki/Petition_to_the_King" title="Petition to the King">Petition to the King</a>, signed by all delegates, requesting the king's attention to the colonies' grievances and restoration of harmony with the crown. Upon his return home, Harrison received a letter from <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> advising of his order for 14 sash windows from London just before the passage of the boycott and apologizing for his inability to cancel the order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197828_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197828-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1775, Harrison attended a convention at St. John's Parish in <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a>, made famous by <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry" title="Patrick Henry">Patrick Henry's</a> "<a href="/wiki/Give_me_liberty,_or_give_me_death!" class="mw-redirect" title="Give me liberty, or give me death!">Give me liberty, or give me death!</a>" speech. A defense resolution was passed by a vote of 65–60 for raising a military force. It represented Virginia's substantial step in transitioning from a colony to a commonwealth. Biographer Smith indicates Harrison was probably in the minority, though he was named to a committee to carry the resolution into effect. He was also re-elected as a delegate to the new session of the Continental Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197829_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197829-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_Continental_Congress_and_Declaration_of_Independence">Second Continental Congress and Declaration of Independence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Second Continental Congress and Declaration of Independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Independence_Hall_Clocktower_in_Philadelphia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Independence_Hall_Clocktower_in_Philadelphia.jpg/200px-Independence_Hall_Clocktower_in_Philadelphia.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Independence_Hall_Clocktower_in_Philadelphia.jpg/300px-Independence_Hall_Clocktower_in_Philadelphia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Independence_Hall_Clocktower_in_Philadelphia.jpg/400px-Independence_Hall_Clocktower_in_Philadelphia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Independence Hall hosted the Second Continental Congress.</figcaption></figure> <p>When the <a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a> convened in May 1775, Harrison took up residence in north Philadelphia with two roommates—his brother-in-law <a href="/wiki/Peyton_Randolph" title="Peyton Randolph">Peyton Randolph</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957188_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957188-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two men left him to reside alone when Randolph suddenly died, and Washington assumed command of the Continental Army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957190_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957190-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison was kept busy with the issues of funding and supplying Washington's army and corresponded with him at length.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the spring of 1775, an effort was made in Congress to seek reconciliation with the King of Britain through the <a href="/wiki/Olive_Branch_Petition" title="Olive Branch Petition">Olive Branch Petition</a>, authored by <a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson" title="John Dickinson">John Dickinson</a>. A heated debate ensued with Dickinson's remark that he disapproved of only one word in the petition: "Congress." Harrison angrily rose from his seat and replied, "There is but one word in the paper, Mr. President, of which I do approve, and that is the word 'Congress.'" The petition passed and was submitted to the Crown but remained unread by the king as he formally declared that the colonists were traitors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197832_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197832-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1775, Harrison was appointed to a select committee to review the army's needs. He went to <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a> with Washington, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lynch_(statesman)" title="Thomas Lynch (statesman)">Thomas Lynch</a> to assess the needs, as well as the morale, of the forces. After a 10-day inspection, the committee concluded that the pay for the troops should be improved and that the ranks should be increased to over 20,000 men.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197833–34_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197833–34-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison then returned to Philadelphia to work closely with fellow delegates for the defense of his state as well as South Carolina, Georgia, and New York.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197835_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197835-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Declaration_of_Independence_(1819),_by_John_Trumbull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Declaration_of_Independence_%281819%29%2C_by_John_Trumbull.jpg/300px-Declaration_of_Independence_%281819%29%2C_by_John_Trumbull.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Declaration_of_Independence_%281819%29%2C_by_John_Trumbull.jpg/450px-Declaration_of_Independence_%281819%29%2C_by_John_Trumbull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Declaration_of_Independence_%281819%29%2C_by_John_Trumbull.jpg/600px-Declaration_of_Independence_%281819%29%2C_by_John_Trumbull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1970" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_(Trumbull)" class="mw-redirect" title="Declaration of Independence (Trumbull)">Declaration of Independence</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Trumbull" title="John Trumbull">John Trumbull</a>, Harrison is seated at the table far left<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Harrison attended until the session's end in July 1776, frequently serving as chair of the Committee of the Whole.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, he presided over the final debates of the <a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a> offered by Virginia delegate <a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Richard Henry Lee</a>. This was the Congress' first expression of its objective of freedom from the Crown. Harrison oversaw the final debates and amendments of the Declaration of Independence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197837–39_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197837–39-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Five" title="Committee of Five">Committee of Five</a> presented Thomas Jefferson's draft of the Declaration on June 28, 1776, and the Congress resolved on July 1 that the Committee of the Whole should debate its content.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197837_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197837-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Committee amended it on July 2 and 3, then adopted it in final form on Thursday, July 4. Harrison duly reported this to Congress and gave a final reading of the Declaration.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197838_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197838-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Congress unanimously resolved to have the Declaration engrossed and signed by those present.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197839_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197839-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison was known for his audacious sense of humor. Even detractor John Adams conceded in his diary that "Harrison's contributions and many pleasantries steadied rough sessions."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197826–27_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197826–27-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pennsylvania delegate <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rush" title="Benjamin Rush">Benjamin Rush</a> in particular recalled the Congress' atmosphere during a signing of the Declaration on August 2, 1776. He described a scene of "pensive and awful silence". He said that Harrison singularly interrupted "the silence and gloom of the morning" as delegates filed forward to inscribe what they thought was their ensuing death warrant. Rush said that the rotund Harrison approached the diminutive <a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Elbridge Gerry</a>, who was about to sign the Declaration, and said, "I shall have a great advantage over you, Mr. Gerry, when we are all hung for what we are now doing. From the size and weight of my body I shall die in a few minutes and be with the Angels, but from the lightness of your body you will dance in the air an hour or two before you are dead."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revolutionary_War">Revolutionary War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Revolutionary War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From December 1775 until March 1777, the Congress was on two occasions threatened by British forces and forced to remove itself—first to <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> and later to <a href="/wiki/York,_Pennsylvania" title="York, Pennsylvania">York, Pennsylvania</a>–circumstances that Harrison distinctly disliked. This has been attributed to some unspecified illness he was experiencing then. In 1777, Harrison became a member of the newly created <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Secret_Correspondence" title="Committee of Secret Correspondence">Committee of Secret Correspondence</a> for Congress. The committee's primary objective was to establish secure communication with American agents in Britain concerning the colonies' interests.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197835_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197835-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison was also named as Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_War" title="Board of War">Board of War</a>, whose initial purpose was to review the movements of the army in the north and the exchange of prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197842_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197842-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/130px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/195px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/260px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption>Seal of the Board of War</figcaption></figure> <p>At that time, Harrison found himself at odds with Washington over <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette" title="Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette">Marquis de Lafayette</a>'s commission, which Harrison insisted was honorary only and without pay.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197845_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197845-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also stirred controversy by endorsing the rights of <a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a> not to bear arms per their religion.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197846_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197846-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He unsuccessfully argued throughout the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a> that Virginia should be given greater representation than other states based on its population and land mass.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197847_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197847-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His Congressional membership permanently ended in October 1777; biographer John Sanderson indicates that when Harrison retired from Congress, "his estates had been ravaged" and "his fortune had been impaired."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197846_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197846-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison returned to Virginia, where he quickly renewed his efforts in the Virginia legislature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197846–47_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197846–47-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1776, the House of Burgesses had ended and was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_House_of_Delegates" title="Virginia House of Delegates">House of Delegates</a>, according to Virginia's new constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected Speaker in 1777, defeating Thomas Jefferson by a vote of 51–23; he returned to the speakership on several occasions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197848–49_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197848–49-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He concerned himself in the ensuing years with many issues, including Virginia's western land interests, the condition of Continental forces, and the defense of the commonwealth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197850–60_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197850–60-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 1781, a British force of 1,600 was positioned at the mouth of the James River, led by turncoat <a href="/wiki/Benedict_Arnold" title="Benedict Arnold">Benedict Arnold</a>; Harrison was called upon to return immediately to Philadelphia to request military support for his state.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He knew that Berkeley was one of Arnold's primary targets, so he relocated his family before setting out.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957263_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957263-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Philadelphia, his pleas for Virginia were heard, and he obtained increased gunpowder, supplies, and troops, but only on a delayed basis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957264_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957264-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, Arnold advanced up the James, wreaking havoc on both sides of the river. The Harrison family avoided capture in Arnold's January raid on Berkeley, but Arnold, intent that no likeness of the family survive, removed and burned all the family portraits there. Most of Harrison's other possessions and a large portion of the house were destroyed. Other signers were similarly targeted with more horrific consequences.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262–264_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262–264-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison took up the rehabilitation of his home, returned to his correspondence with Washington, and continued efforts to obtain armaments, troops, and clothing supplies for other southern states.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197855–57_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197855–57-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Virginia">Governor of Virginia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Governor of Virginia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg/220px-Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg/330px-Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg/440px-Berkeley_plantation_harrison_home.jpg 2x" data-file-width="953" data-file-height="752" /></a><figcaption>Berkeley Plantation, Harrison family homestead in Charles City County, Virginia</figcaption></figure> <p>The new nation secured its Revolutionary War victory in October 1781 at <a href="/wiki/Yorktown,_Virginia" title="Yorktown, Virginia">Yorktown, Virginia</a>–this provided only brief respite for Harrison, who began to serve a month later as the fifth Governor of Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197859_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197859-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also the <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Virginia" title="List of governors of Virginia">fourth governor</a> to assume the office in that year–wartime events in Virginia occasioned multiple successions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197857–59_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197857–59-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Money was the primary problem he confronted, as the war had drained the coffers of the Virginia treasury, and creditors, both domestic and foreign, plagued the government.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197860_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197860-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hence, there was no capacity for military action outside of the immediate area, so Harrison steadfastly opposed offensive action against combative Indians in the Kentucky and Illinois country.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197862_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197862-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He instead pursued a policy of treating with the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chickasaw" title="Chickasaw">Chickasaw</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Muscogee" title="Muscogee">Creek</a> Indian tribes, which allowed peace to last for the remainder of his term. The situation resulted in some contentious exchanges with General <a href="/wiki/George_Rogers_Clark" title="George Rogers Clark">George Rogers Clark</a> who urged aggressive operations in the west.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197865_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197865-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Harrison's term was ending, Washington accepted an invitation to visit with the Harrisons in Richmond, saying, "And I shall feel an additional pleasure, in offering this tribute of friendship and respect to you, by having the company of Marsqs. de la Fayette". The general visited in November 1784, though Lafayette could not accompany him. Harrison's service as governor was lauded, despite his inability to solve the financial problems that plagued his administration.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197873_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197873-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return_to_legislature_and_death">Return to legislature and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Return to legislature and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1786, Harrison and other legislature members were deeply divided over the issue of state aid to religion. He joined with his brother and fellow delegate Carter Henry Harrison in supporting a measure offered by Patrick Henry to provide funds for teachers of the Christian religion. The proposal failed, and the assembly enacted Thomas Jefferson's famous <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Statute_for_Religious_Freedom" title="Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom">Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom</a>, establishing a separation of church and state.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197876_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197876-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison participated as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Ratifying_Convention" title="Virginia Ratifying Convention">Virginia Ratifying Convention</a> for the United States Constitution in 1788. However, along with Patrick Henry, <a href="/wiki/George_Mason" title="George Mason">George Mason</a>, and others, he was skeptical of a large central government and opposed the Constitution because of the absence of a bill of rights.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197880–81_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197880–81-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was in the minority when the constitution won ratification with a margin of 5 out of 170 votes cast. He overcame his ill health sufficiently to address those who opposed the result, imploring them to seek redress through the legitimate channels of amendments to the Constitution. Though Washington had promoted the Constitution, he praised Harrison, saying, "Your individual endeavors to prevent inflammatory measures from being adopted redound greatly to your credit."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957284–285_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957284–285-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite his chronic gout and weakened financial condition, Harrison continued his work in the House. He died on April 24, 1791, at his home after celebrating re-election. His cause of death is unknown, though his persistent corpulence has been documented.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197883_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197883-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was buried at his home, along with his wife, Elizabeth Bassett. His son <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry</a>, aged 18, had just begun medical studies in Philadelphia. Still, adequate funds were lacking, so he soon abandoned medicine for military service and his own path of leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957287_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957287-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A residence hall at the <a href="/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary" title="College of William & Mary">College of William & Mary</a> is named for Harrison,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as is a <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_Memorial_Bridge" title="Benjamin Harrison Memorial Bridge">primary bridge</a> spanning the James River near Hopewell, Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harrison is included in the Washington, D.C. <a href="/wiki/Memorial_to_the_56_Signers_of_the_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence">Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarrison197546-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarrison197546_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarrison1975">Harrison 1975</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19784–5-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19784–5_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19784–5_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 4–5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957116-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957116_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey1957</a>, p. 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey19575–7-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey19575–7_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 5–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957159-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957159_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957157–58-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957157–58_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 157–58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19785–7-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19785–7_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 5–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957162-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957162_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 162.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957163-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957163_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164–165-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164–165_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 164–165.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957164_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/99-01-02-10969">"To Geo. Washington from Benj. Harrison, March 31, 1783"</a>. National Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=To+Geo.+Washington+from+Benj.+Harrison%2C+March+31%2C+1783&rft.pub=National+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffounders.archives.gov%2Fdocuments%2FWashington%2F99-01-02-10969&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19788-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19788_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957291–300-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957291–300_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 291–300.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=H000266">"Carter Basset Harrison"</a>. U. S. Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Carter+Basset+Harrison&rft.pub=U.+S.+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbioguideretro.congress.gov%2FHome%2FMemberDetails%3FmemIndex%3DH000266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957301–308-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957301–308_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 301–308.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957308–315-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957308–315_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 308–315.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197810-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197810_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197810_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197812-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197812_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197812_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197812_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197811–12-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197811–12_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 11–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197819-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197819_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197821-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197821_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197821_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957172-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957172_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 172.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith19789-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith19789_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197822-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197822_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197823-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197823_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957173-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957173_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 173.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197824–25-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197824–25_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 24–25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197837–39-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197837–39_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197837–39_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 37–39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAdams185135-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAdams185135_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdamsAdams1851">Adams & Adams 1851</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197826-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197826_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197825-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197825_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197826–28-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197826–28_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 26–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herbert James Henderson. (1974). <i>Party politics in the Continental Congress.</i> Series:Bicentennial of the American Revolution. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishers. p. 74. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0070281432" title="Special:BookSources/0070281432">0070281432</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197828-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197828_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197829-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197829_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957188-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957188_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957190-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957190_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-01-02-0088">"To Geo. Washington from Benj. Harrison, July 22–24, 1775"</a>. National Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Final+Meeting+of+the+Burgesses&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Virginia&rft.pub=Va.+Foundation+for+Humanities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediavirginia.org%2FThe_General_Assembly_Adjourns_1776&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197848–49-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197848–49_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 48–49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197850–60-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197850–60_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 50–60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 262.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957263-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957263_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 263.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957264-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957264_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 264.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262–264-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957262–264_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 262–264.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197855–57-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197855–57_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 55–57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197859-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197859_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197857–59-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197857–59_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, pp. 57–59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197860-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197860_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197862-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197862_66-0">^</a></b></span> 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1978</a>, pp. 80–81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957284–285-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957284–285_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, pp. 284–285.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith197883-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith197883_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1978">Smith 1978</a>, p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957287-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDowdey1957287_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDowdey1957">Dowdey 1957</a>, p. 287.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190812195654/https://www.wm.edu/offices/residencelife/oncampus/residencehalls/upperlevel/randolph/harrison-page/index.php">"William & Mary- Harrison & Page Halls"</a>. College of William and Mary. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wm.edu/offices/residencelife/oncampus/residencehalls/upperlevel/randolph/harrison-page/index.php">the original</a> on August 12, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=William+%26+Mary-+Harrison+%26+Page+Halls&rft.pub=College+of+William+and+Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wm.edu%2Foffices%2Fresidencelife%2Foncampus%2Fresidencehalls%2Fupperlevel%2Frandolph%2Fharrison-page%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bridgehunter.com/va/prince-george/14069/">"Historic and Notable Bridges of the United States"</a>. Bridgehunter.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+and+Notable+Bridges+of+the+United+States&rft.pub=Bridgehunter.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbridgehunter.com%2Fva%2Fprince-george%2F14069%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Harrison_V&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsAdams1851" class="citation book cs1">Adams, John; <a href="/wiki/Charles_Francis_Adams_Sr." title="Charles Francis Adams Sr.">Adams, Charles Francis</a> (1851). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lWcsAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA392"><i>The Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States: Autobiography, continued. Diary. Essays and controversial papers of the Revolution</i></a>. Vol. 3. Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781443712859" title="Special:BookSources/9781443712859"><bdi>9781443712859</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+John+Adams%2C+Second+President+of+the+United+States%3A+Autobiography%2C+continued.+Diary.+Essays+and+controversial+papers+of+the+Revolution&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1851&rft.isbn=9781443712859&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Adams%2C+Charles+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlWcsAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA392&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowdey1957" class="citation book cs1">Dowdey, Clifford (1957). <i>The Great Plantation</i> (1st ed.). New York: Rinehart & Co. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/279919">279919</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Plantation&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Rinehart+%26+Co.&rft.date=1957&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F279919&rft.aulast=Dowdey&rft.aufirst=Clifford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrison1975" class="citation book cs1">Harrison, J. Houston (1975). <i>Settlers by the Long Grey Trail</i>. Genealogical Publ. Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0806306645" title="Special:BookSources/0806306645"><bdi>0806306645</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Settlers+by+the+Long+Grey+Trail&rft.pub=Genealogical+Publ.+Co.&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0806306645&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=J.+Houston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1978" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Howard W. (1978). Edward M. Riley (ed.). <i>Benjamin Harrison and the American Revolution</i>. Williamsburg: Virginia Independence Bicentennial Commission. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4781472">4781472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Benjamin+Harrison+and+the+American+Revolution&rft.place=Williamsburg&rft.pub=Virginia+Independence+Bicentennial+Commission&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4781472&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Howard+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Harrison+V" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Continental_Association" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Continental_Association" title="Template:Continental Association"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Continental_Association" title="Template talk:Continental Association"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Continental_Association" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Continental Association"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Continental_Association" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Continental Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Signatories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">President of Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Randolph" title="Peyton Randolph">Peyton Randolph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Hampshire</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Sullivan_(general)" title="John Sullivan (general)">John Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Folsom" title="Nathaniel Folsom">Nathaniel Folsom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Massachusetts Bay</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cushing" title="Thomas Cushing">Thomas Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Samuel Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Treat_Paine" title="Robert Treat Paine">Robert Treat Paine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rhode Island</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hopkins_(politician)" title="Stephen Hopkins (politician)">Stephen Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ward_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Samuel Ward (Rhode Island politician)">Samuel Ward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Connecticut</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eliphalet_Dyer" title="Eliphalet Dyer">Eliphalet Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Sherman" title="Roger Sherman">Roger Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas_Deane" title="Silas Deane">Silas Deane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Low" title="Isaac Low">Isaac Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Alsop" title="John Alsop">John Alsop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jay" title="John Jay">John Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Duane" title="James Duane">James Duane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Livingston" title="Philip Livingston">Philip Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Floyd" title="William Floyd">William Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wisner" title="Henry Wisner">Henry Wisner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Boerum" title="Simon Boerum">Simon Boerum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Jersey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Kinsey" title="James Kinsey">James Kinsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Livingston" title="William Livingston">William Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Crane_(Continental_Congress)" title="Stephen Crane (Continental Congress)">Stephen Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Smith_(Continental_Congress)" title="Richard Smith (Continental Congress)">Richard Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_De_Hart" title="John De Hart">John De Hart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pennsylvania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Galloway" title="Joseph Galloway">Joseph Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson" title="John Dickinson">John Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Humphreys" title="Charles Humphreys">Charles Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mifflin" title="Thomas Mifflin">Thomas Mifflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Biddle" title="Edward Biddle">Edward Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Morton_(American_politician)" title="John Morton (American politician)">John Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ross_(American_politician)" title="George Ross (American politician)">George Ross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The Lower Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Rodney" title="Caesar Rodney">Caesar Rodney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKean" title="Thomas McKean">Thomas McKean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Read_(American_politician,_born_1733)" title="George Read (American politician, born 1733)">George Read</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maryland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Tilghman" title="Matthew Tilghman">Matthew Tilghman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Johnson_(jurist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Johnson (jurist)">Thomas Johnson, Junr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paca" title="William Paca">William Paca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chase" title="Samuel Chase">Samuel Chase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Virginia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Richard Henry Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry" title="Patrick Henry">Patrick Henry, Junr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bland" title="Richard Bland">Richard Bland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benjamin Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Pendleton" title="Edmund Pendleton">Edmund Pendleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Carolina</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Hooper" title="William Hooper">William Hooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hewes" title="Joseph Hewes">Joseph Hewes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Caswell" title="Richard Caswell">Richard Caswell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Carolina</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Middleton" title="Henry Middleton">Henry Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lynch_(statesman)" title="Thomas Lynch (statesman)">Thomas Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Gadsden" title="Christopher Gadsden">Christopher Gadsden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rutledge" title="John Rutledge">John Rutledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Rutledge" title="Edward Rutledge">Edward Rutledge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Association" title="Virginia Association">Virginia Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairfax_Resolves" title="Fairfax Resolves">Fairfax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_Resolves" title="Suffolk Resolves">Suffolk Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Continental_Congress" title="First Continental Congress">First Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_and_Resolves_of_the_First_Continental_Congress" title="Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress">Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson" title="Charles Thomson">Charles Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journals_of_the_Continental_Congress" title="Journals of the Continental Congress">Journals of the Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpenters%27_Hall" title="Carpenters' Hall">Carpenters' Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Display</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_Building" title="National Archives Building">National Archives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charters_of_Freedom" title="Charters of Freedom">Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Template:United States Declaration of Independence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Template talk:United States Declaration of Independence"><abbr title="Discuss this 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href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syng_inkstand" title="Syng inkstand">Syng inkstand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary author</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Signing_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence">Signatories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Continental_Congress" title="President of the Continental Congress">President of Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">John Hancock</a> (Massachusetts)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Hampshire</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Bartlett" title="Josiah Bartlett">Josiah Bartlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whipple" title="William Whipple">William Whipple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Thornton" title="Matthew Thornton">Matthew Thornton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Massachusetts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Samuel Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Treat_Paine" title="Robert Treat Paine">Robert Treat Paine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Elbridge Gerry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rhode Island</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hopkins_(politician)" title="Stephen Hopkins (politician)">Stephen Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ellery" title="William Ellery">William Ellery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Connecticut</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Sherman" title="Roger Sherman">Roger Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Huntington_(Connecticut_politician)" title="Samuel Huntington (Connecticut politician)">Samuel Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Williams_(Connecticut_politician)" title="William Williams (Connecticut politician)">William Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wolcott" title="Oliver Wolcott">Oliver Wolcott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Floyd" title="William Floyd">William Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Livingston" title="Philip Livingston">Philip Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Lewis" title="Francis Lewis">Francis Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Morris" title="Lewis Morris">Lewis Morris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Jersey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Stockton_(Continental_Congressman)" title="Richard Stockton (Continental Congressman)">Richard Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Witherspoon" title="John Witherspoon">John Witherspoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Hopkinson" title="Francis Hopkinson">Francis Hopkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hart_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="John Hart (New Jersey politician)">John Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Clark" title="Abraham Clark">Abraham Clark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pennsylvania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Morris_(financier)" title="Robert Morris (financier)">Robert Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Rush" title="Benjamin Rush">Benjamin Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Morton_(American_politician)" title="John Morton (American politician)">John Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Clymer" title="George Clymer">George Clymer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Smith_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="James Smith (Pennsylvania politician)">James Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Taylor_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="George Taylor (Pennsylvania politician)">George Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Founding_Father)" title="James Wilson (Founding Father)">James Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ross_(American_politician)" title="George Ross (American politician)">George Ross</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Delaware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Read_(American_politician,_born_1733)" title="George Read (American politician, born 1733)">George Read</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_Rodney" title="Caesar Rodney">Caesar Rodney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKean" title="Thomas McKean">Thomas McKean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Maryland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chase" title="Samuel Chase">Samuel Chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Paca" title="William Paca">William Paca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stone" title="Thomas Stone">Thomas Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Carroll_of_Carrollton" title="Charles Carroll of Carrollton">Charles Carroll of Carrollton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Virginia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Wythe" title="George Wythe">George Wythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Henry_Lee" title="Richard Henry Lee">Richard Henry Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benjamin Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nelson_Jr." title="Thomas Nelson Jr.">Thomas Nelson Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Lightfoot_Lee" title="Francis Lightfoot Lee">Francis Lightfoot Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Braxton" title="Carter Braxton">Carter Braxton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North Carolina</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Hooper" title="William Hooper">William Hooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hewes" title="Joseph Hewes">Joseph Hewes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Penn_(North_Carolina_politician)" title="John Penn (North Carolina politician)">John Penn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Carolina</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Rutledge" title="Edward Rutledge">Edward Rutledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Heyward_Jr." title="Thomas Heyward Jr.">Thomas Heyward Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lynch_Jr." title="Thomas Lynch Jr.">Thomas Lynch Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Middleton" title="Arthur Middleton">Arthur Middleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Georgia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Button_Gwinnett" title="Button Gwinnett">Button Gwinett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Hall" title="Lyman Hall">Lyman Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Walton" title="George Walton">George Walton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Delegates voting<br />for Independence<br />(did not sign)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>New York</b>: <a href="/wiki/Robert_R._Livingston" title="Robert R. Livingston">Robert R. Livingston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wisner" title="Henry Wisner">Henry Wisner</a><br /> <b>Maryland</b>: <a href="/wiki/John_Rogers_(Continental_Congress)" title="John Rogers (Continental Congress)">John Rogers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Tilghman" title="Matthew Tilghman">Matthew Tilghman</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Resolves" title="Halifax Resolves">Halifax Resolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Declaration_of_Rights" title="Virginia Declaration of Rights">Virginia Declaration of Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Resolution" title="Lee Resolution">Lee Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Five" title="Committee of Five">Committee of Five</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/All_men_are_created_equal" title="All men are created equal">All men are created equal</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the_pursuit_of_Happiness" title="Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness">Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Consent_of_the_governed" title="Consent of the governed">Consent of the governed</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grievances_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Grievances of the United States Declaration of Independence">27 grievances</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_history_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Physical history of the United States Declaration of Independence">Document's history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Signing_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence">signing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson" title="Charles Thomson">Charles Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Matlack" title="Timothy Matlack">Timothy Matlack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journals_of_the_Continental_Congress" title="Journals of the Continental Congress">Journals of the Continental Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Colonies" title="United Colonies">United Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Hall" title="Independence Hall">Independence Hall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syng_inkstand" title="Syng inkstand">Syng inkstand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Display<br />and legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_Building" title="National Archives Building">National Archives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charters_of_Freedom" title="Charters of Freedom">Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">Independence Day</a></li> <li>Anniversaries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Exposition" title="Centennial Exposition">Centennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesquicentennial_Exposition" title="Sesquicentennial Exposition">Sesquicentennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Bicentennial" title="United States Bicentennial">Bicentennial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Semiquincentennial" title="United States Semiquincentennial">Semiquincentennial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_to_the_56_Signers_of_the_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence">Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence</a> (Washington, D.C.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signers_Monument" title="Signers Monument">Signers Monument (Georgia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_Voting_Independence" title="Congress Voting Independence">Pine portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_(painting)" title="Declaration of Independence (painting)">Trumbull portrait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Henry_Harrison" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:William_Henry_Harrison" title="Template:William Henry Harrison"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:William_Henry_Harrison" title="Template talk:William Henry Harrison"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:William_Henry_Harrison" title="Special:EditPage/Template:William Henry Harrison"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Henry_Harrison" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">9th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1841)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Colombia" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Colombia">Minister to Gran Colombia</a> (1829)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">Senator from Ohio</a> (1825–1828)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 1st congressional district">Representative of Ohio's 1st congressional district</a> (1816–1819)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Indiana" title="List of governors of Indiana">Governor of the Territory of Indiana</a> (1801–1812)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territory%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Northwest Territory's at-large congressional district">Delegate of Northwest Territory's at-large congressional district</a> (1799–1800)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Plantation" title="Berkeley Plantation">Berkeley Plantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_American_Regiment" title="First American Regiment">First American Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Greenville" title="Treaty of Greenville">Treaty of Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grouseland" title="Grouseland">Grouseland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_St._Louis_(1804)" title="Treaty of St. Louis (1804)">Treaty of St. Louis (1804)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Grouseland" title="Treaty of Grouseland">Treaty of Grouseland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fort_Wayne_(1809)" title="Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809)">Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecumseh%27s_War" title="Tecumseh's War">Tecumseh's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Harrison,_Indiana" title="Fort Harrison, Indiana">Fort Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tippecanoe" title="Battle of Tippecanoe">Battle of Tippecanoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Northwest_(United_States)" title="Army of the Northwest (United States)">Army of the Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Meigs" title="Fort Meigs">Fort Meigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Thames" title="Battle of the Thames">Battle of the Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Spring_Wells" title="Treaty of Spring Wells">Treaty of Spring Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1822_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Ohio" title="1822 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio">1822 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1836_United_States_presidential_election" title="1836 United States presidential election">1836 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_presidential_election" title="1840 United States presidential election">1840 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1839_Whig_National_Convention" title="1839 Whig National Convention">1839 Whig National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison_1840_presidential_campaign" title="William Henry Harrison 1840 presidential campaign">William Henry Harrison 1840 presidential campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tippecanoe_and_Tyler_Too" title="Tippecanoe and Tyler Too">Tippecanoe and Tyler Too</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison_Tomb_State_Memorial" title="William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial">William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_William_Henry_Harrison" title="Inauguration of William Henry Harrison">Inauguration of William Henry Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Irwin_Harrison" title="Jane Irwin Harrison">Jane Irwin Harrison</a> (acting First Lady)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public image</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_William_Henry_Harrison" title="List of memorials to William Henry Harrison">List of memorials to William Henry Harrison</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brave_Warrior" title="Brave Warrior">Brave Warrior</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tecumseh_(film)" title="Tecumseh (film)">Tecumseh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gen._William_Henry_Harrison_Headquarters" title="Gen. William Henry Harrison Headquarters">Gen. William Henry Harrison Headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equestrian_statue_of_William_Henry_Harrison" title="Equestrian statue of William Henry Harrison">Equestrian statue of William Henry Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curse_of_Tippecanoe" title="Curse of Tippecanoe">Curse of Tippecanoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_family_of_Virginia" title="Harrison family of Virginia">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Harrison" title="Anna Harrison">Anna Harrison</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scott_Harrison" title="John Scott Harrison">John Scott Harrison</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benjamin Harrison V</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_VI" title="Benjamin Harrison VI">Benjamin Harrison VI</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Bassett_Harrison" title="Carter Bassett Harrison">Carter Bassett Harrison</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_IV" title="Benjamin Harrison IV">Benjamin Harrison IV</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison_III" title="Benjamin Harrison III">Benjamin Harrison III</a> (great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Carter_I" title="Robert Carter I">Robert Carter I</a> (great-grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">← Martin Van Buren</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:William_Henry_Harrison" title="Category:William Henry Harrison">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387664#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387664#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387664#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000026804227">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/38323420">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1822998/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyh84RTGMTD3F7CKmkbh3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1175495425">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84164243">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p333887042">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987010649537305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000262">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10568308">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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