谭铁牛院士：拥抱AI，警惕“一哄而上”和“一哄而散”-南京大学

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language="javascript" src="../../_dwr/interface/NewsvoteDWR.js"></script><script language="javascript" src="../../_dwr/engine.js"></script><script language="javascript" src="/system/resource/js/news/newscontent.js"></script><link rel="stylesheet" Content-type="text/css" href="/system/resource/style/component/news/content/format4.css"><script language="javascript" src="/system/resource/js/ajax.js"></script><form name="_newscontent_fromname"> <h2>谭铁牛院士：拥抱AI，警惕“一哄而上”和“一哄而散”</h2> <div class="cont-tit"> <div class="cont-titl"> <span class="ardate"><img src="../../images/date.png" alt=""> 发布时间：2025-03-11</span> <span class="arhots"><img src="../../images/click.png" alt="">点击次数：<script>_showDynClicks("wbnews", 1889051832, 404841)</script></span> <span class="arauthor">作者：冯丽妃责编：钟东熠王欣雨</span> <span class="arsource">来源：中国科学报</span> </div> </div>  <div class="article"> <div id="vsb_content_4"><div class="v_news_content"> <p class="vsbcontent_start">当前，教育数字化已成为我国开辟教育发展新赛道、塑造教育发展新优势的重要突破口。两会期间，全国政协常委、南京大学党委书记、中国科学院院士谭铁牛在接受《中国科学报》专访时表示：“教育数字化的核心任务是推进人工智能赋能教育高质量发展，通过智慧教育实现普惠教育。”</p><p>谭铁牛认为，人工智能与教育的深度融合，需要有前瞻、系统的谋划，注重把握好“五个坚持”，既要善用人工智能赋能教育，也要坚守育人初心，避免陷入技术极端化误区。</p><p>第一，要坚持系统观念，加强顶层设计，避免碎片化发展。在推进教育数字化时，要统筹抓好基础条件、基本能力和政策环境建设。</p><p>其中，基础条件包括网络基础设施、数字资源、计算与存储设施等；基本能力包括教师的数字化、信息化、智能化素养，如人工智能基本工具的使用能力；政策环境则涉及评价评估机制、资源高效配置等。</p><p>“碎片化发展只会造成资源浪费，系统化布局才能实现可持续发展。”谭铁牛说。</p><p>第二，要坚持以人为本，充分发挥和大力培养人的主观能动性和创造性。谭铁牛强调，教师的作用不可替代，人工智能永远只是辅助工具，人的心智养成、德智体美劳全面发展离不开教师的引导。人工智能工具难以用来培养和塑造学生的“完整人格”。若学生仅沉浸于虚拟空间，缺乏校园氛围的熏陶和人际互动，便难以形成完整的健康人格。</p><p>他直言，人工智能在“智育”中可发挥重要的辅助作用，但在“德育”“美育”等育人环节中的作用是有限的，而人的作用非常关键。</p><p>第三，要坚持理性务实，因地制宜推进教育数字化发展。“在人工智能近70年的发展史上，曾有两次比较大的低谷，其根源在于人们因取得一时的重要进展而过于乐观，设定了不切实际的发展目标，后来发现不可实现。这让人们感到极度失望，甚至因此导致经费被砍掉，发展陷入低谷。”他说。</p><p>谭铁牛提醒，推进教育数字化和人工智能应用要汲取历史教训，因地制宜，避免“一哄而上”和“一哄而散”。各地基础差异大，要实事求是，不强求同步路径。技术赋能教育不可能一蹴而就，必须脚踏实地，切忌急功近利、重蹈覆辙。</p><p>第四，要坚持开放共享，着力提高数字教育资源的使用效益。要制定统一的标准规范，打通教育数据壁垒，消除教育数据“孤岛”，实现互联互通、开放共享，避免重复建设，使优质数字教育资源效益最大化。</p><p>他表示，在确保安全的前提下，要整合国内外优质数字教育资源，并向全球特别是“一带一路”沿线国家开放共享，体现大国担当，践行构建人类命运共同体的理念。</p><p>第五，要坚持安全第一，守牢意识形态底线，推动教育数字化健康、快速发展。安全是推进教育数字化过程中不可忽视的一环，必须守住意识形态安全红线，确保数据安全、内容安全和个人信息安全等。使用人工智能大模型等技术时，要做好安全评测、价值观对齐等工作，使其符合我们的价值观和文化习俗，坚守传统美德。</p><p>“无论技术如何迭代，教育的本质都是启迪心智、塑造人格。唯有把握‘五个坚持’，才能在智能时代守住育人初心，让技术真正为人的全面发展服务。”谭铁牛说。</p><p>针对当前社会对人工智能的焦虑，谭铁牛提出了辩证性的观点：“人工智能不是万能的，还有很多‘不能’，但在人工智能广泛渗透、智能时代扑面而来的今天，不去了解、拥抱、使用人工智能是万万不能的。”</p><p 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谭铁牛院士：拥抱AI，警惕“一哄而上”和“一哄而散”-南京大学