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id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Primeiros_anos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primeiros_anos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Primeiros anos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primeiros_anos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viagens_pela_Europa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viagens_pela_Europa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Viagens pela Europa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viagens_pela_Europa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ver_também" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ver_também"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ver também</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ver_também-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tadeusz Kościuszko</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 56 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B4_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88" title="تاديوش كوسيوسكو — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تاديوش كوسيوسكو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B4_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88" title="تاديوش كوسيوسكو — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تاديوش كوسيوسكو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeu%C5%9F_Kostyu%C5%9Fko" title="Tadeuş Kostyuşko — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tadeuş Kostyuşko" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo destacado"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тадэвуш Касцюшка — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тадэвуш Касцюшка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Тадэвуш Касьцюшка — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тадэвуш Касьцюшка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Тадеуш Косцюшко — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тадеуш Косцюшко" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — bretão" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo destacado"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF" title="Ταντέους Κοστσιούσκο — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ταντέους Κοστσιούσκο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo destacado"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B4_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%88" title="تادئوش کوشچیوشکو — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تادئوش کوشچیوشکو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo recomendado"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%93%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A9_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%A6%27%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%95" title="טדאוש קושצ'ושקו — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טדאוש קושצ'ושקו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7_%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%AF%D5%B8" title="Տադեուշ Կոստյուշկո — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տադեուշ Կոստյուշկո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%87%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%82%B3" title="タデウシュ・コシチュシュコ — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タデウシュ・コシチュシュコ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A8%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D" title="ტადეუშ კოსციუშკო — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტადეუშ კოსციუშკო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Тадеуш Костюшко — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тадеуш Костюшко" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%80%EB%8D%B0%EC%9A%B0%EC%8B%9C_%EC%BD%94%EC%8B%9C%EC%B9%98%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%88%EC%BD%94" title="타데우시 코시치우슈코 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="타데우시 코시치우슈코" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE,_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88" title="Костюшко, Тадеуш — carachaio-bálcaro" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Костюшко, Тадеуш" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="carachaio-bálcaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Костюшко Тадеуш Анжей Бонавентура — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Костюшко Тадеуш Анжей Бонавентура" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaddaeus_Cosciusco" title="Thaddaeus Cosciusco — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Thaddaeus Cosciusco" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadas_Kosciu%C5%A1ka" title="Tadas Kosciuška — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tadas Kosciuška" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeu%C5%A1s_Koscju%C5%A1ko" title="Tadeušs Koscjuško — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tadeušs Koscjuško" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%9C%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Тадеуш Кошќушко — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тадеуш Кошќушко" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo destacado"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE,_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88" title="Костюшко, Тадеуш — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Костюшко, Тадеуш" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Тадеуш Косцюшко — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Тадеуш Косцюшко" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%9B%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Тадеуш Кошћушко — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тадеуш Кошћушко" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A_%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD" title="ตาแดอุช กอชชุชกอ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตาแดอุช กอชชุชกอ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Тадеуш Костюшко — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тадеуш Костюшко" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%BE%B7%E4%B9%8C%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%98%E4%BB%80%E7%A7%91" title="塔德乌什·柯斯丘什科 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塔德乌什·柯斯丘什科" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko — min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tadeusz Kościuszko" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="noprint">Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/20px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/30px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/40px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <b>Nota:</b> Se procura por outras acepções, veja <a href="/wiki/Kosciusko_(desambigua%C3%A7%C3%A3o)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kosciusko (desambiguação)">Kosciusko (desambiguação)</a>.</div> <table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width: 270px; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="topo padrao" style="text-align:center; font-size:large; background-color:gainsboro; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Tadeusz Kościuszko</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Karl_G_Schweikart_-_Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_(%C3%96aL).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tadeusz Kościuszko"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Karl_G_Schweikart_-_Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_%28%C3%96aL%29.jpg/200px-Karl_G_Schweikart_-_Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_%28%C3%96aL%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Karl_G_Schweikart_-_Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_%28%C3%96aL%29.jpg/300px-Karl_G_Schweikart_-_Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_%28%C3%96aL%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Karl_G_Schweikart_-_Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_%28%C3%96aL%29.jpg/400px-Karl_G_Schweikart_-_Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_%28%C3%96aL%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="1297" /></a><figcaption>Tadeusz Kościuszko</figcaption></figure></div>Тадеуш Костюшко. Портрет работы <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82,_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Швайкарт, Карл Готлиб (página não existe)">Карла Готлиба Швайкарта</a>, около 1802 года </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/4_de_fevereiro" title="4 de fevereiro">4 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a><br /><span class="birthplace">Mieračoŭščyna</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">15 de outubro de 1817 (<span style="white-space:nowrap">71 anos</span>)<br /><span class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Soleura" title="Soleura">Soleura</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Residência </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Petersburgo" title="São Petersburgo">São Petersburgo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Sepultamento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Cripta de São Leonardo </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Cidadania </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_das_Duas_Na%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="República das Duas Nações">República das Duas Nações</a>, Estados Unidos, França, Suíça </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Progenitores </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Ludwik Tadeusz Kościuszko</li><li>Tekla Ratomska</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Irmão(ã)(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Anna Kościuszko, Katarzyna Kościuszko, Józef Kościuszko </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></i> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Corpo de Cadetes</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Ocupação </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Oficial_(militar)" title="Oficial (militar)">oficial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Engenheiro" title="Engenheiro">engenheiro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtico" title="Político">político</a>, membro da resistência, <a href="/wiki/Her%C3%B3i" title="Herói">herói</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soldado" title="Soldado">soldado</a>, geographical engineer (military cartographer) </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Distinções </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%; overflow:auto;" data-expandtext="Mostrar" data-collapsetext="Ocultar"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ordem_da_%C3%81guia_Branca" title="Ordem da Águia Branca">Ordem da Águia Branca</a></li><li>Cruz de Comandante da Virtuti Militari</li><li>Sociedade do Cincinnati</li><li>Knight's Cross of the Virtuti Militari</li><li><a href="/wiki/Ordem_de_Santo_Estanislau" title="Ordem de Santo Estanislau">Ordem de Santo Estanislau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ordem_Virtuti_Militari" title="Ordem Virtuti Militari">Ordem Virtuti Militari</a></li></ul></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Lealdade </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_das_Duas_Na%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="República das Duas Nações">República das Duas Nações</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Causa da morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Acidente_vascular_cerebral" title="Acidente vascular cerebral">acidente vascular cerebral</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Assinatura </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Assinatura de Tadeusz Kościuszko"><img alt="Assinatura de Tadeusz Kościuszko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Signature.svg/128px-Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Signature.svg/192px-Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Signature.svg/256px-Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1299" data-file-height="392" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:gainsboro"><div style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191479" class="extiw" title="d:Q191479">edite no Wikidata</a>]</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Andrzej Tadeusz Bonawentura Kościuszko</b>, também conhecido como <b>Tadeu Kosciusko</b> em português (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Miera%C4%8Do%C5%AD%C5%A1%C4%8Dyna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mieračoŭščyna (página não existe)">Mieračoŭščyna</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_de_fevereiro" title="4 de fevereiro">4 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1746" title="1746">1746</a> – <a href="/wiki/Soleura" title="Soleura">Soleura</a>, <a href="/wiki/15_de_outubro" title="15 de outubro">15 de outubro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1817" title="1817">1817</a>) foi um herói nacional da <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%B4nia" class="mw-redirect" title="Polônia">Polônia</a>, general e líder da revolta contra o <a href="/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Russo" title="Império Russo">Império Russo</a> em <a href="/wiki/1794" title="1794">1794</a>, a qual recebeu seu nome. Também lutou na <a href="/wiki/Guerra_da_Independ%C3%AAncia_dos_Estados_Unidos" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerra da Independência dos Estados Unidos">Guerra da Independência dos Estados Unidos</a>, participando como coronel no <a href="/wiki/Ex%C3%A9rcito_Continental" title="Exército Continental">Exército Continental</a> ao lado de <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>. </p><p>Em homenagem a Tadeusz Kościuszko, diversas localidades ao redor do mundo foram batizadas com seu nome. No <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a>, foi homenageado em logradouros nas cidades do <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro_(estado)" title="Rio de Janeiro (estado)">Rio de Janeiro</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Porto_Alegre" title="Porto Alegre">Porto Alegre</a>, e de <a href="/wiki/Duque_de_Caxias_(Rio_de_Janeiro)" title="Duque de Caxias (Rio de Janeiro)">Duque de Caxias</a>. </p><p>Também a montanha mais alta da <a href="/wiki/Austr%C3%A1lia" title="Austrália">Austrália</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Monte_Kosciuszko" title="Monte Kosciuszko">Monte Kosciuszko</a>, tem o seu nome. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Primeiros_anos">Primeiros anos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Primeiros anos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Primeiros anos"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Marachoushchyna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Marachoushchyna.jpg/200px-Marachoushchyna.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Marachoushchyna.jpg/300px-Marachoushchyna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Marachoushchyna.jpg/400px-Marachoushchyna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Casa natal de Kościuszko em Mieračoŭščyna, <a href="/wiki/Bielorr%C3%BAssia" title="Bielorrússia">Bielorrússia</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Bitwa_pod_Rac%C5%82awicami_132x77_mm._Artysta_Wojciech_%C5%81uka_13.7.2023._Eksponat_Muzeum_Miniaturowej_Sztuki_Profesjonalnej_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_w_Tychach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bitwa_pod_Rac%C5%82awicami_132x77_mm._Artysta_Wojciech_%C5%81uka_13.7.2023._Eksponat_Muzeum_Miniaturowej_Sztuki_Profesjonalnej_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_w_Tychach.jpg/200px-Bitwa_pod_Rac%C5%82awicami_132x77_mm._Artysta_Wojciech_%C5%81uka_13.7.2023._Eksponat_Muzeum_Miniaturowej_Sztuki_Profesjonalnej_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_w_Tychach.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bitwa_pod_Rac%C5%82awicami_132x77_mm._Artysta_Wojciech_%C5%81uka_13.7.2023._Eksponat_Muzeum_Miniaturowej_Sztuki_Profesjonalnej_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_w_Tychach.jpg/300px-Bitwa_pod_Rac%C5%82awicami_132x77_mm._Artysta_Wojciech_%C5%81uka_13.7.2023._Eksponat_Muzeum_Miniaturowej_Sztuki_Profesjonalnej_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_w_Tychach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bitwa_pod_Rac%C5%82awicami_132x77_mm._Artysta_Wojciech_%C5%81uka_13.7.2023._Eksponat_Muzeum_Miniaturowej_Sztuki_Profesjonalnej_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_w_Tychach.jpg/400px-Bitwa_pod_Rac%C5%82awicami_132x77_mm._Artysta_Wojciech_%C5%81uka_13.7.2023._Eksponat_Muzeum_Miniaturowej_Sztuki_Profesjonalnej_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_w_Tychach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3472" data-file-height="4640" /></a><figcaption>A <i>Batalha de Racławice</i>. Pintura de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_%C5%81uka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wojciech Łuka (página não existe)">Wojciech Łuka</a> no o <a href="/wiki/Museu_de_Arte_Profissional_Miniatura_Henryk_Jan_Dominiak_em_Tychy" title="Museu de Arte Profissional Miniatura Henryk Jan Dominiak em Tychy">Museu de Arte Profissional Miniatura Henryk Jan Dominiak em Tychy</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kościuszko nasceu em fevereiro de 1746 numa casa da família Puslowski chamada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mereczowszczyzna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mereczowszczyzna (página não existe)">Mereczowszczyzna</a> (agora Merechevschina na <a href="/wiki/Bielorr%C3%BAssia" title="Bielorrússia">Bielorrússia</a>), área que estava na região da <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%A9sia" title="Polésia">Polésia</a>, parte da <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A3o-Ducado_da_Litu%C3%A2nia" title="Grão-Ducado da Lituânia">Grão-Ducado da Lituânia</a>, parte da Comunidade Polaco-lituana ou <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_das_Duas_Na%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="República das Duas Nações">República das Duas Nações</a>. </p><p>Kościuszko era o filho mais novo de um <i><a href="/wiki/Szlachta" title="Szlachta">szlachcic</a></i> (nobre polaco), Ludwik Tadeusz Kościuszko, um oficial do exército polaco-lituano, e sua esposa Tekla, de solteira Ratomska. Tadeusz recebeu o batismo da <a href="/wiki/Igreja_Ortodoxa" title="Igreja Ortodoxa">Igreja Ortodoxa</a> e da Igreja Católica. Como resultado dos dois batismos, ele tem os nomes de Andrzej e Tadeusz. Sua família era etnicamente lituana e <a href="/wiki/Rut%C3%A9nia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruténia">rutena</a>, podendo-se reportar a sua ascendência a Fiodorowicz Kostiuszko Konstanty, cortesão do rei polaco <a href="/wiki/Sigismundo_I_da_Pol%C3%B4nia" title="Sigismundo I da Polônia">Sigismundo I, o Velho</a>. Ele uma vez descreveu-se a si mesmo como um "Litvin", um termo que agora seria interpretado por fontes modernas da <a href="/wiki/Bielorr%C3%BAssia" title="Bielorrússia">Bielorrússia</a> como um termo usado para bielorrussos. No entanto, o próprio Kosciuszko não falava lituano, e a sua família se tinha polonizado no século XVII e, como grande parte da nobreza da Lituânia desse tempo, falava <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_polaca" title="Língua polaca">polaco</a> e foi identificado com a cultura da Polónia. Em 1755, Kosciuszko começou a frequentar uma escola em <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lubiesz%C3%B3w&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lubieszów (página não existe)">Lubieszów</a> mas nunca terminou os seus estudos devido a problemas financeiros de sua família após a morte de seu pai em 1758. Em 1765, o Rei da Polónia, <a href="/wiki/Estanislau_II_Augusto_da_Pol%C3%B3nia" class="mw-redirect" title="Estanislau II Augusto da Polónia">Estanislau Augusto Poniatowski</a> criou um corpo de cadetes (em polaco: Korpus Kadetów), com base no que é hoje a <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Vars%C3%B3via" title="Universidade de Varsóvia">Universidade de Varsóvia</a>, para educar os oficiais militares e funcionários do governo. Kościuszko foi inscrito no Corpo de Cadetes em 18 de dezembro de 1765, provavelmente com o apoio da família Czartoryski. A escola enfatizou questões de artes militares e liberais. Graduou-se em 20 de dezembro de 1766, e foi promovido ao posto de Chorąży. Ficaria como estudante e como professor até chegar ao posto de capitão em 1768. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viagens_pela_Europa">Viagens pela Europa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Viagens pela Europa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Viagens pela Europa"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Monument_to_Kosciuszko,_Belarus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Monument_to_Kosciuszko%2C_Belarus.jpg/200px-Monument_to_Kosciuszko%2C_Belarus.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Monument_to_Kosciuszko%2C_Belarus.jpg/300px-Monument_to_Kosciuszko%2C_Belarus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Monument_to_Kosciuszko%2C_Belarus.jpg/400px-Monument_to_Kosciuszko%2C_Belarus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Monumento de Kościuszko em Mieračoŭščyna, <a href="/wiki/Bielorr%C3%BAssia" title="Bielorrússia">Bielorrússia</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Warszawaio6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Warszawaio6.jpg/220px-Warszawaio6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Warszawaio6.jpg/330px-Warszawaio6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Warszawaio6.jpg/440px-Warszawaio6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Palácio Kazimierz, em Varsóvia, onde Kościuszko frequentou o Corpo de Cadetes</figcaption></figure> <p>Em 1768, uma <a href="/wiki/Guerra_civil" title="Guerra civil">guerra civil</a> rebentou na <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_das_Duas_Na%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="República das Duas Nações">República das Duas Nações</a>, quando a <a href="/wiki/Confedera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Bar" title="Confederação de Bar">Confederação de Bar</a> tentou depor o rei Poniatowski. Um irmão de Kościuszko, Józef, lutou junto aos insurgentes. Frente a uma difícil eleição entre os rebeldes e os seus patrocinadores, o rei e a família Czartoryski — que estavam a favor da influência russa — Kościuszko optou por abandonar o país. Nos finais de 1769, ele e o seu colega Aleksander Orłowski partiram para Paris. Entretanto procurava ganhar uma maior instrução militar embora fosse proibido aos estrangeiros inscreverem-se em qualquer academia militar francesa. No entanto, Kościuszko aprende, frequentando aulas e as bibliotecas das academias militares de Paris. O <a href="/wiki/Iluminismo" title="Iluminismo">Iluminismo</a>, junto com a tolerância religiosa, teria grande influência na sua carreira posterior. </p><p>A primeira partição da República das Duas Nações, em 1772, o Império Russo, Prússia e <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ustria" title="Áustria">Áustria</a> anexaram grandes partes do território polaco-lituano e adquiriram influência na política interna. Quando Kościuszko finalmente regressou a casa em 1774, deparou-se com o esbanjamento, por parte do seu irmão Józef, da maior parte da escassa fortuna familiar e não tinha lugar para si no exército, já que não podia permitir-se o luxo de se inscrever na comissão de seleção de oficiais. Também teve que enfrentar uma disputa legal que afetava um dos seus irmãos. Aceitou um trabalho como professor particular na família do <a href="/wiki/Hetman" title="Hetman">hetman</a> Józef Sylwester Sosnowski e enamorou-se pela sua filha Ludwika. Planearam fugir, mas foram descobertos pelos criados do seu pai e Kościuszko foi espancado, facto que poderá ter levado à sua posterior antipatia pelas diferenças de classe. No outono de 1775, com o desejo de evitar Sosnowski e os seus criados, decidiu emigrar novamente para <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurrei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko" class="mw-redirect" title="Insurreição de Kościuszko">Insurreição de Kościuszko</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Bibliografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Becker, Klaus(org.); Gardilinski, Edmundo (colab.). <i>Enciclopédia Rio-Grandense</i>. Canoas: Editora Regional, 1958. p. 66</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Controle_de_autoridade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Controle_de_autoridade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Controle_de_autoridade" title="Ajuda:Controle de autoridade">Controle de autoridade</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" 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href="/wiki/Museu_da_Nova_Zel%C3%A2ndia_Te_Papa_Tongarewa" title="Museu da Nova Zelândia Te Papa Tongarewa">Te Papa</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/69976">69976</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rijksmuseum">RRL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.rijksmuseum.nl/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?marc=1&authid=181684">181684</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" 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