即便只一天脏空气都可能影响孩子心脏健康—新闻

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font: 12px 宋体; float: right"> 选择字号：<span onclick="showsize(12)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">小</span> <span onclick="showsize(14)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">中</span> <span onclick="showsize(16)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer"> 大</span> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <div id="content1" style=" padding:15px; text-align: left; line-height: 24px; word-wrap: break-word;word-break:break-all" class="f14"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td height="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" class="style1" style="font-size: 22px; color: #587c19; font-family: 黑体; line-height: 30px"> 即便只一天脏空气都可能影响孩子心脏健康</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> </table> <p>  </p> <p style="text-align:center;"> <img src="/upload/news/images/2021/2/202122512110325.jpg" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <span style="text-indent: 32px;">洛杉矶上空的雾霾。图片来源：trekandphoto / stock.adobe.com</span></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 美国斯坦福大学领导的一项新研究表明，儿童暴露在空气污染中，例如火灾烟雾和汽车尾气，即使只有一天，其成年后患心脏病等疾病的几率也会更高。近日，发表在《科学报告》上的这项分析，首次在单细胞水平上调查了空气污染的影响，并同时关注对儿童的心血管和免疫系统的影响。这一发现可能会改变医学专家和家长对儿童生活环境的看法，并为那些长期暴露在严重空气污染中的人提供临床干预措施。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> “我认为这些结论是令人信服的，足以让儿科医生说，我们有证据表明空气污染会导致免疫和心血管系统的变化，不仅仅是之前证明的哮喘和呼吸系统疾病。”论文主要作者、斯坦福大学Sean N. Parker 过敏与哮喘研究中心空气污染和健康研究部主任Mary Prunicki说，“即使是短暂的空气污染暴露，实际上也会改变儿童基因的调控和表达，可能还会改变血压，这可能会为日后患病风险增加奠定基础。”</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 研究人员主要选取加州弗雷斯诺市6~8岁的拉美裔儿童群体进行了研究。该市是美国空气污染最严重的城市之一。利用该市中央空气监测站连续测得的每日污染物浓度、定期空间采样的日浓度以及气象和地球物理数据，研究小组估计了每个参与者来访前1天，1周，以及1、3、6和12个月的平均空气污染暴露情况。与健康和人口调查问卷、血压读数和血液样本相结合后，这些数据描绘出一幅令人不安的画面。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 研究人员首次在污染研究中使用质谱分析了免疫系统细胞。该方法允许同时对多达40个细胞标记进行更敏感的测量，提供了对污染暴露影响更深入的分析。结果显示，长时间暴露在细颗粒物中，例如PM2.5、一氧化碳和臭氧，与甲基化增加有关。甲基化是一种DNA分子的改变，可以在不改变序列的情况下改变它们的活动。而且，这种基因表达上的变化可能会遗传给后代。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 研究人员还发现，空气污染暴露与单核细胞的增加有关。单核细胞是白细胞，在动脉斑块的形成中起着关键作用，而且可能使儿童在成年后容易患心脏病。需要进一步研究来验证其长期影响。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 专家指出，目前美国拉美裔儿童比非拉美裔儿童面临更高的交通污染水平，而且拉美裔成年人与其他种族相比，未管制的高血压患病率更高，因此确定空气污染如何影响拉美裔儿童的长期健康显得尤为重要。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 总的来说，呼吸系统疾病每年杀死更多的美国人，并排名全球第二大最常见的死亡原因。该过敏与哮喘研究中心主任、论文资深作者Kari Nadeau说：“这是每个人都面临的问题。近一半的美国人和世界上绝大多数人生活在空气不健康的地方。了解并减轻这些影响可以挽救很多生命。”</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 相关论文信息：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83577-3</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">  </p> <div>  </div> <div class="bq" style="text-indent:0em;font-weight:bold;font-size:13px;border:solid 1px #333 ;padding:10px;"> 版权声明：凡本网注明“来源：中国科学报、科学网、科学新闻杂志”的所有作品，网站转载，请在正文上方注明来源和作者，且不得对内容作实质性改动；微信公众号、头条号等新媒体平台，转载请联系授权。邮箱：shouquan@stimes.cn。</div> <div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #bfc89d; 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即便只一天 脏空气都可能影响孩子心脏健康—新闻—科学网

即便只一天脏空气都可能影响孩子心脏健康—新闻—科学网