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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berlin_airlift_and_Korean_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Berlin airlift and Korean War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berlin_airlift_and_Korean_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1950s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>1950s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>Vietnam War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Vietnam_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Vietnam_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>Post-Vietnam era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Vietnam_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Closure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Closure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Closure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Closure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facility_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facility_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Facility names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Facility_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_commands_to_which_assigned" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_commands_to_which_assigned"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Major commands to which assigned</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_commands_to_which_assigned-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Detached_Installations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Detached_Installations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>Detached Installations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Detached_Installations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_units_assigned" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_units_assigned"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>Major units assigned</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_units_assigned-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-American_Expeditionary_Force_combat_squadrons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Expeditionary_Force_combat_squadrons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11.1</span> <span>American Expeditionary Force combat squadrons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Expeditionary_Force_combat_squadrons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post_World_War_I_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post_World_War_I_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11.2</span> <span>Post World War I organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_World_War_I_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_being_established_as_a_permanent_military_post,_30_September_1922" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_being_established_as_a_permanent_military_post,_30_September_1922"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11.3</span> <span>After being established as a permanent military post, 30 September 1922</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_being_established_as_a_permanent_military_post,_30_September_1922-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_Air_Force_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_Air_Force_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11.4</span> <span>United States Air Force organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_Air_Force_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airlines_and_destinations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airlines_and_destinations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Airlines and destinations</span> </div> </a> <button 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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kelly_Field&params=29_23_00_N_098_34_51_W_region:US-TX"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°23′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">098°34′51″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.38333°N 98.58083°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.38333; -98.58083</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field_Annex&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelly Field Annex">Kelly Field Annex</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military facility in San Antonio, Texas</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Kelly Field</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Joint_Base_San_Antonio" title="Joint Base San Antonio">Joint Base San Antonio</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="label"><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:433d_AW_C-5_Kelly_Annex_TX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/433d_AW_C-5_Kelly_Annex_TX.jpg/250px-433d_AW_C-5_Kelly_Annex_TX.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/433d_AW_C-5_Kelly_Annex_TX.jpg/375px-433d_AW_C-5_Kelly_Annex_TX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/433d_AW_C-5_Kelly_Annex_TX.jpg/500px-433d_AW_C-5_Kelly_Annex_TX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1406" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">US Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-5_Galaxy" title="Lockheed C-5 Galaxy">C-5 Galaxy</a> of the <a href="/wiki/433rd_Airlift_Wing" title="433rd Airlift Wing">433rd Airlift Wing</a> at Kelly Field during 2011</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_Reserve_Command.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Air_Force_Reserve_Command.png/100px-Air_Force_Reserve_Command.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Air_Force_Reserve_Command.png/150px-Air_Force_Reserve_Command.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Air_Force_Reserve_Command.png/200px-Air_Force_Reserve_Command.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="986" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg/100px-US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg/150px-US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg/200px-US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="505" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_map_of_Texas.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kelly Field is located in Texas"><img alt="Kelly Field is located in Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/250px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/375px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Relief_map_of_Texas.png/500px-Relief_map_of_Texas.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="989" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.634%;left:60.724%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kelly Field"><img alt="Kelly Field" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/20px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/30px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/40px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1080" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:11px"><div>Kelly Field</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Texas</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kelly Field is located in the United States"><img alt="Kelly Field is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:81.768%;left:45.109%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kelly Field"><img alt="Kelly Field" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/20px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/30px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/40px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1080" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:11px"><div>Kelly Field</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kelly Field is located in North America"><img alt="Kelly Field is located in North America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-North_America_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1185" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:71.707%;left:51.517%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-10px;top:-10px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kelly Field"><img alt="Kelly Field" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/20px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/30px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg/40px-Roundel_of_the_USAF.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1080" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:11px"><div>Kelly Field</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of North America</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kelly_Field&params=29_23_00_N_098_34_51_W_region:US-TX"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°23′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">098°34′51″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.38333°N 98.58083°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.38333; -98.58083</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">US Air Force airfield</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Site information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Controlled by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Air_Education_and_Training_Command" title="Air Education and Training Command">Air Education and Training Command</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Condition</th><td class="infobox-data">Operational</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jbsa.mil">Official website (Joint Base San Antonio)</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Site history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Built</th><td class="infobox-data">1917<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1917</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">In use</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>1917 – 2001 (Kelly Field and AFB)</li> <li>2001 – 2018 (Kelly Field Annex)</li> <li>2018 – present (Kelly Field)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Garrison information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Occupants</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/149th_Fighter_Wing" title="149th Fighter Wing">149th Fighter Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/433d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="433d Airlift Wing">433rd Airlift Wing</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Airfield information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Identifiers</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Association_airport_code" class="mw-redirect" title="International Air Transport Association airport code">IATA</a>: SKF, <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization_airport_code" class="mw-redirect" title="International Civil Aviation Organization airport code">ICAO</a>: KSKF, <a href="/wiki/Location_identifier#FAA_identifier" title="Location identifier">FAA LID</a>: SKF, <a href="/wiki/Location_identifier#WMO_station_identifiers" title="Location identifier">WMO</a>: 0722535</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:1em">Elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">210.4 metres (690 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">AMSL</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="width:100%; margin:-2px -1px -1px -1px; border-spacing:0;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color: #ddd"> <th colspan="2" style="font-weight:normal; border:solid 1px #fafafa; border-width:0 0 1px 0;">Runways</th> </tr><tr style="background-color: #ddd; text-align: left;"> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal; width: 25%; border:solid 1px #fafafa; border-width:1px 1px 0 0;padding:1px 2px;"><a href="/wiki/Runway#Orientation_and_dimensions" title="Runway">Direction</a></th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:normal; width: 75%; border:solid 1px #fafafa; border-width:1px 0 0 1px;padding:1px 2px;">Length and surface</th> </tr><tr> <td style="text-align: center;">16/34</td> <td style="text-align: left;">3,520.4 metres (11,550 ft) <a href="/wiki/Porous_European_Mix" class="mw-redirect" title="Porous European Mix">Porous European Mix</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="text-align: left; background-color: #eee"><b>Source:</b> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration" title="Federal Aviation Administration">Federal Aviation Administration</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-16Cs_Texas_ANG_in_flight_2002.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/F-16Cs_Texas_ANG_in_flight_2002.JPEG/300px-F-16Cs_Texas_ANG_in_flight_2002.JPEG" decoding="async" width="300" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/F-16Cs_Texas_ANG_in_flight_2002.JPEG/450px-F-16Cs_Texas_ANG_in_flight_2002.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/F-16Cs_Texas_ANG_in_flight_2002.JPEG/600px-F-16Cs_Texas_ANG_in_flight_2002.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="3003" data-file-height="2217" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/F-16" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16">F-16C</a> Block 25F/30F Fighting Falcon fighters (s/n 85-1403, 87-0253) from the 182d Fighter Squadron, 149th Fighter Wing, Texas Air National Guard.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kelly Field</b> (formerly <b>Kelly Air Force Base</b>) (<a href="/wiki/IATA_airport_code" title="IATA airport code">IATA</a>: <b>SKF</b>, <a href="/wiki/ICAO_airport_code" title="ICAO airport code">ICAO</a>: <b>KSKF</b>, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Aviation_Administration" title="Federal Aviation Administration">FAA</a> <a href="/wiki/Location_identifier" title="Location identifier">LID</a>: <b>SKF</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Joint-use_airport" title="Joint-use airport">Joint-Use</a> facility located in <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>. It was originally named after <a href="/wiki/George_E._M._Kelly" title="George E. M. Kelly">George E. M. Kelly</a>, the first member of the U.S. military killed in the crash of an airplane he was piloting. </p><p>In 2001, pursuant to <a href="/wiki/Base_Realignment_and_Closure" title="Base Realignment and Closure">BRAC</a> action, the former Kelly AFB runway and land west of the runway became "Kelly Field" and control of this reduced size installation was transferred to the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland Air Force Base</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/Joint_Base_San_Antonio" title="Joint Base San Antonio">Joint Base San Antonio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-502ABW_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-502ABW-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The base is under the jurisdiction of the 802d Mission Support Group, <a href="/wiki/Air_Education_and_Training_Command" title="Air Education and Training Command">Air Education and Training Command</a> (AETC). </p><p><b>Kelly Field</b> was <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_World_War_I_Flight_Training" title="United States Army World War I Flight Training">one of thirty-two Air Service training camps</a> established after the United States entry into <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, being established on 27 March 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was used as a flying field; primary flying school; school for adjutants, supply officers, and engineers; mechanics school, and as an aviation general supply depot.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kelly Air Force Base and its associated <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Air_Logistics_Center" title="San Antonio Air Logistics Center">San Antonio Air Logistics Center of</a> the <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Materiel_Command" title="Air Force Materiel Command">Air Force Materiel Command</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Logistics_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Logistics Command">Air Force Logistics Command</a>) was closed as an independent installation and its assets realigned by the <a href="/wiki/1995_Base_Realignment_and_Closure_Commission" title="1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission">1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_status">Current status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Current status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Kelly Field</b> supports flight operations of two tenant commands, the <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">Air Force Reserve Command</a>'s <a href="/wiki/433d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="433d Airlift Wing">433d Airlift Wing</a>, operating the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-5_Galaxy" title="Lockheed C-5 Galaxy">Lockheed C-5 Galaxy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Air_National_Guard" title="Texas Air National Guard">Texas Air National Guard</a>'s <a href="/wiki/149th_Fighter_Wing" title="149th Fighter Wing">149th Fighter Wing</a>, operating the <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon</a>. </p><p>The remaining 1,873 acres (758 hectares) of land, including hangars and industrial facilities previously known as the <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Air_Logistics_Center" title="San Antonio Air Logistics Center">San Antonio Air Logistics Center</a>, is operated by the <b>Greater Kelly Development Authority</b> (a political subdivision of the State of Texas, now renamed the Port Authority of San Antonio) as the <a href="/wiki/Port_San_Antonio" title="Port San Antonio">Port San Antonio</a> business park. As of 2006, there are still some isolated USAF activities on Port San Antonio subordinate to Lackland, as well as a substantial tract of military family housing. </p><p>Several large warehouses on the grounds of Port San Antonio were cleared, cleaned, and equipped with large mobile air conditioning units to house evacuees from <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Rita" title="Hurricane Rita">Hurricane Rita</a> in September 2005. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kelly Field is named in honor of <a href="/wiki/Second_Lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Lieutenant">2nd Lieutenant</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Edward_Maurice_Kelly" class="mw-redirect" title="George Edward Maurice Kelly">George Edward Maurice Kelly</a>. Lt. Kelly, who after a course of training at the Curtiss Aviation School, <a href="/wiki/Rockwell_Field" title="Rockwell Field">Rockwell Field</a>, California, was ordered to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sam_Houston" title="Fort Sam Houston">Fort Sam Houston</a>, near San Antonio. While attempting to land on 10 May 1911 in order to avoid running into a tent and thereby possibly injuring several others, Kelly died in a crash, falling into the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 1913, U.S. Army Chief Signal Officer Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/George_P._Scriven" title="George P. Scriven">George P. Scriven</a> testified before the U.S. House of Representatives concerning the establishment of a military aeronautical center in <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>, Texas. The center was to be built for the Aviation Section of the U.S. Army Signal Corps. General Scriven described San Antonio as “the most important strategic position of the South,” in response to the unrest resulting from the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Revolution" title="Mexican Revolution">Mexican Revolution</a>. In 1916, when <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sam_Houston" title="Fort Sam Houston">Fort Sam Houston</a> was the primary site of the Corps’ aerial equipment and personnel, The <i>San Antonio Light</i> predicted that the city would be “the most important military aviation center in the U.S.”<sup id="cite_ref-K1641_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-K1641-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1915, the newly created <a href="/wiki/1st_Aero_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Aero Squadron">1st Aero Squadron</a> arrived at Fort Sam Houston after a cross-country flight from <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sill" title="Fort Sill">Fort Sill</a>, Oklahoma. However, the squadron remained at the post only until March 1916, whereupon it left to join Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a>’s <a href="/wiki/Pancho_Villa_Expedition" title="Pancho Villa Expedition">Punitive Expedition against Pancho Villa</a> on the U.S.-Mexico border. Problems experienced by the 1st Aero Squadron on that expedition and the ongoing <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">war in Europe</a> persuaded Congress to improve and expand the nation's air arm.<sup id="cite_ref-K1641_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-K1641-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was quickly apparent that Fort Sam Houston had inadequate space for additional flying operations, especially with newer and more powerful aircraft. Major <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Foulois" title="Benjamin Foulois">Benjamin Foulois</a>, with the support of the San Antonio Chamber of Commerce, selected a site five miles southwest of the city for a new aviation airfield on 21 November 1916. Bordered by the Frio City Road on the northwest, the site was also adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Pacific_Transportation_Company" title="Southern Pacific Transportation Company">Southern Pacific Railroad</a>, providing easy access by road and rail. In addition, the new site was relatively flat, and thus suitable for flying operations. Initially, the site was called the South San Antonio Aviation Camp.<sup id="cite_ref-K1641_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-K1641-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1920.jpg/220px-Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1920.jpg/330px-Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1920.jpg/440px-Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>Kelly Field, 1920</figcaption></figure> <p>On 5 April 1917, four aircraft took off from Fort Sam Houston, flew across San Antonio and landed on the new airfield, which at the time was a cleared cotton field. Tents had been erected as hangars, however, a permanent presence at the airfield was not established until 7 May when 700 men arrived. A week later, the population had grown to 4,000. Construction of the facility was rapid, with the United States now at war and the mission of the new airfield was to train aviators to be sent to the Western Front in France. The ground was cleared and scores of buildings - hangars, barracks, mess halls, a street system, electrical and plumbing systems, warehouses, machine shops were all constructed during the summer.<sup id="cite_ref-Kroll_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kroll-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JN-4s_Kelly_Field_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/JN-4s_Kelly_Field_1918.jpg/220px-JN-4s_Kelly_Field_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/JN-4s_Kelly_Field_1918.jpg/330px-JN-4s_Kelly_Field_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/JN-4s_Kelly_Field_1918.jpg/440px-JN-4s_Kelly_Field_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="987" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>Curtiss JN-4 Jennys training at Kelly Field 1918</figcaption></figure> <p>By the end of June, it was clear that Foulois' original site, known unofficially as Kelly Field #1, was too small to train both new recruits and aviation cadets. A committee of the San Antonio Chamber of Commerce provided the necessary land and presented the proposition to the Aviation Production Board in Washington, D.C., in June 1917. A contract was signed in July 1917, comprising all of what was Kelly Field #2. Two additional tracts of land, planned to be Kelly Field #3 and #4 were released in the fall of 1917 at the suggestion of British and French aviators who were of the opinion that being so close together, would result in accidents and collisions.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kroll_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kroll-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kelly soldiers organized approximately 250,000 men into "Aero Squadrons" during the hectic months of 1917 and 1918. Eventually, 326 squadrons were formed at Kelly during World War I, with all but twenty of these moving to other installations in the U.S. or overseas. The majority of Aero Squadrons were combat support squadrons. Kelly Field served as the first reception and classification center, testing thousands of recruits before assigning them to specific jobs and squadrons for training. The Air Service Mechanics School Enlisted Mechanics Training Department turned out an average of 2,000 mechanics and chauffeurs a month. Kelly also trained bakers and cooks, and the Aviation General Supply Depot moved to the field from its old location in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_San_Antonio" title="Downtown San Antonio">downtown San Antonio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kroll_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kroll-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many of the American-trained World War I aviators learned to fly at Kelly field, with 1,459 pilots and 398 flying instructors graduating from the Kelly aviation schools during the course of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelly_Field_photo_montage_-_World_War_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Kelly_Field_photo_montage_-_World_War_I.jpg/220px-Kelly_Field_photo_montage_-_World_War_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Kelly_Field_photo_montage_-_World_War_I.jpg/330px-Kelly_Field_photo_montage_-_World_War_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Kelly_Field_photo_montage_-_World_War_I.jpg/440px-Kelly_Field_photo_montage_-_World_War_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1113" data-file-height="1533" /></a><figcaption>Scenes from Kelly Field during World War I</figcaption></figure> <p>Flight training units assigned to Kelly Field:<sup id="cite_ref-oob_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oob-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/103d_Aero_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="103d Aero Squadron">103d Aero Squadron</a>, August 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2d_Aero_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Aero Squadron">2d Aero Squadron</a>, November 1917</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "A", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>115th Aero Squadron (II), March 1918</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "B", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>117th Aero Squadron (II), March 1918</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "C", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>178th Aero Squadron, January 1918</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "D", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>180th Aero Squadron, December 1917</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "E", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>235th Aero Squadron (II), April 1918</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "F", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>243d Aero Squadron (II), April 1918</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "G", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>244th Aero Squadron (II), April 1918</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "H", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>245th Aero Squadron (II), April 1917</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as Squadron "I", March 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>110th Aero Squadron (Repair), August 1917</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: 804th Aero Squadron (Repair), February 1918</dd> <dd>Re-designated as Squadron "K", July–November 1918</dd></dl> <ul><li>Flying School Detachment (Consolidation of Squadrons A-J), November 1918-November 1919</li></ul> <p>Once deployed to France, most of the Kelly Field graduates were sent to the AEF Third Air Instructional Center, <a href="/wiki/Issoudun_Aerodrome" title="Issoudun Aerodrome">Issoudun Aerodrome</a>, France for advanced pursuit training. In addition to the flying school at Kelly Field, <a href="/wiki/Selfridge_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Selfridge Field">Selfridge Field</a>, Michigan was also used for pilot training, and the British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps" title="Royal Flying Corps">Royal Flying Corps</a> (RFC), operated flying schools for American pilots in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Ontario and several fields at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Taliaferro" title="Camp Taliaferro">Camp Taliaferro</a>, Texas. </p><p>The thousands of enlistees who came to Kelly devised numerous ways to entertain themselves during their infrequent time off. Among these organizations were a glee club, a minstrel show, and the "Famous Kelly Field Players," a club of professional vaudeville entertainers in uniform. Many clubs traveled around the South Texas area and gained fame for the morale-building shows.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Between_the_wars">Between the wars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Between the wars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelly_-_Duncan_Fields_-_Texas_-_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Kelly_-_Duncan_Fields_-_Texas_-_1935.jpg/220px-Kelly_-_Duncan_Fields_-_Texas_-_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Kelly_-_Duncan_Fields_-_Texas_-_1935.jpg/330px-Kelly_-_Duncan_Fields_-_Texas_-_1935.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Kelly_-_Duncan_Fields_-_Texas_-_1935.jpg/440px-Kelly_-_Duncan_Fields_-_Texas_-_1935.jpg 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="502" /></a><figcaption>Kelly and Duncan Fields, 1935</figcaption></figure> <p>At the end of the war, the <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Service_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Air Service Command">Army Air Service</a>, along with the rest of the Army, faced crucial reductions. Thousands of officers and enlisted men were released, leaving only 10,000 men to fly and repair the planes and engines left over from the war. Hundreds of small flying fields closed, forcing consolidation of supply and aviation repair depots. Kelly, however, was one of the few that remained open. </p><p>On 13 December 1919, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> passed an appropriations bill for $9.6 million for the purchase of additional land at military camps “which are to be made part of the permanent military establishment.” Kelly Field No. 2 was allocated $349,600 of this amount.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1921, the aviation repair depot in Dallas moved to Kelly to join with the supply depot, forming the San Antonio Intermediate Air Depot.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brooks Field became the center for primary training and Kelly for advanced training. Each phase of instruction lasted about six months initially, with advanced training later divided into three months each of basic and advanced instruction<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/10th_School_Group" title="10th School Group">10th School Group</a> (later the Advanced Flying Training Wing and the Advanced Flying School) was formed at Kelly Field #2 in 1922. There, student pilots mastered the advanced skills of pursuit, bombardment, attack, and observation. Most of the Army aviators trained between the two World Wars attended this school. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a>, the first man to fly solo nonstop across the Atlantic, graduated from the Advanced Flying School in 1925. Other graduates included former Air Force Chiefs of Staff Generals <a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._White" title="Thomas D. White">Thomas D. White</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curtis_E._LeMay" class="mw-redirect" title="Curtis E. LeMay">Curtis E. LeMay</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_P._McConnell_(general)" title="John P. McConnell (general)">John P. McConnell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoyt_Vandenberg" title="Hoyt Vandenberg">Hoyt Vandenberg</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Dale_Ryan" title="John Dale Ryan">John Dale Ryan</a>. Major General <a href="/wiki/Claire_Lee_Chennault" title="Claire Lee Chennault">Claire Chennault</a> of World War II "<a href="/wiki/Flying_Tiger" class="mw-redirect" title="Flying Tiger">Flying Tiger</a>" fame taught at the school.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1925, Kelly Field #1 was renamed <b>Duncan Field</b> in honor of Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Duncan. Formerly stationed at Kelly Field, Duncan died in an airplane accident at <a href="/wiki/Bolling_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolling Field">Bolling Field</a> in Washington, D.C.. Kelly Field #2 became simply, <b>Kelly Field</b>. Both fields conducted their training, maintenance, command, and supply functions separately for the next 18 years.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Low pay and worn-out planes and equipment did not halt the small band of mechanics and fliers from proving their professional dedication. Army personnel pushed forward the frontiers of aeronautics in the 1920s. The aircraft used for <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Doolittle" title="Jimmy Doolittle">Jimmy Doolittle</a>'s 1922 transcontinental flight received preflight servicing at Kelly #1. Kelly #2 was Doolittle's sole refueling stop during the flight itself. In 1926, Kelly was the starting point of the Pan American Goodwill Flight. Their air excursion was a 175-day adventure to "show the flag", with five planes and 10 pilots landing at 23 Central and South American countries. Captain <a href="/wiki/Ira_C._Eaker" title="Ira C. Eaker">Ira C. Eaker</a>, Commander of the <a href="/wiki/8th_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="8th Air Force">8th Air Force</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and a Kelly graduate, was one of the pilots of that enterprise.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much of the pioneering work of Major <a href="/wiki/William_Ocker" class="mw-redirect" title="William Ocker">William Ocker</a> and Captain Charles Crane in the field of instrument flying took place at Kelly. Their efforts resulted in the development of the first "blind flying" curriculum at the Advanced Flying School and won Crane the <a href="/wiki/Mackay_Trophy" title="Mackay Trophy">Mackay Trophy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Public enthusiasm for "those daring young men in their flying machines" encouraged Army pilots to display their skill in an effort to gain public acceptance of the airplane as an ever-capable instrument for American's expanding society. Air circuses and balloon races were exciting events in the Roaring Twenties, and the pilots at Kelly were happy to provide the thrills and air spectacles the public loved. Kelly hosted the National Elimination Balloon Race in 1924 and welcomed thousands of San Antonians to see the lift-off, aerial demonstrations, and other exploits of "derring-do."<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>But perhaps no event matched the production of the Hollywood film <a href="/wiki/Wings_(1927_film)" title="Wings (1927 film)"><i>Wings</i></a> in 1926. Kelly hoped to make motion picture history by providing pilots, aircraft, extras, and technicians to assist in the filming of this World War I epic. <a href="/wiki/Clara_Bow" title="Clara Bow">Clara Bow</a> (the famous "<a href="/wiki/It_girl" title="It girl">It Girl</a>"), <a href="/wiki/Charles_%22Buddy%22_Rogers" title="Charles "Buddy" Rogers">Buddy Rogers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Arlen" title="Richard Arlen">Richard Arlen</a> starred in this silent movie classic which was filmed in and around San Antonio. A young newcomer, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Cooper" title="Gary Cooper">Gary Cooper</a>, had a bit part in the film. <i>Wings</i> received the first Academy Award for "<a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Production of the Year</a>" for 1927–1928, the first (and until 2011, the only) silent film ever to win this honor.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1927 basic moved out of the advanced phase and combined with primary. At that point, primary-basic changed to eight months in length and advanced to four months. In June 1927 General Lahm suggested the construction of a single large field outside of the city to house all flying training. Congress funded the new field's construction but not the purchase of the land, so the city of San Antonio borrowed the $546,000 needed to purchase the site selected for what became <a href="/wiki/Randolph_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Randolph Field">Randolph Field</a>. By the fall of 1931, construction was essentially completed, so the Air Corps Training Center at Duncan Field, adjacent to Kelly, and the primary schools at Brooks and March moved to the new installation, while advanced training remained at Kelly.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Suffering from a chronic lack of funds, the Air Corps' struggle for better aircraft continued until the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Agreement" title="Munich Agreement">1938 crisis over Czechoslovakia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a> (the German Air Force) demonstrated that air power had become an important factor in international relations. President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> recognized the significance of the Luftwaffe's role and took the first steps toward United States rearmament.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1939, Congress authorized $300 million for the Air Corps. Hundreds of new planes, officers, and enlisted men made their way to Kelly. Besides money for new equipment and more personnel, funds became available for construction of sorely needed barracks, offices, classrooms, and warehouses. Many of the facilities built during this period remain in use today. The present Officer's Club (originally built for cadet housing) and the Air Logistics Center headquarters building (originally used for classrooms) were constructed to meet the increased demand for facilities during this period of expansion.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the summer of 1942 Duncan Field and Kelly Field merged to form Kelly Field, due to the congested flying conditions caused by the four flying fields in close proximity (Duncan, Kelly, Brooks and Stinson) had reached dangerous levels.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other facilities built during the construction boom included the unique Miniature Range building, then used for aerial observation training, and the "Palace", a huge complex of enlisted quarters, dining halls and offices. Originally called "Buckingham Palace", the building received its nickname because it was so much more "palatial" than the tents and crude wooden barracks the men had been living in.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelly_Field_-_42A_Classbook.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kelly_Field_-_42A_Classbook.pdf/page1-220px-Kelly_Field_-_42A_Classbook.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kelly_Field_-_42A_Classbook.pdf/page1-330px-Kelly_Field_-_42A_Classbook.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kelly_Field_-_42A_Classbook.pdf/page1-440px-Kelly_Field_-_42A_Classbook.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1275" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>Kelly Field 1942 USAAF Classbook</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1946.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1946.jpg/220px-Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1946.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1946.jpg/330px-Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1946.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1946.jpg/440px-Kelly_Field_-_Texas_-_1946.jpg 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="505" /></a><figcaption>Kelly Field - 1946</figcaption></figure> <p>After the Japanese <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">Attack on Pearl Harbor</a> on 7 December 1941, the need for more pilots, bombardiers, and navigators resulted in the rapid expansion of the United States Army's air arm and the Advanced Flying School. Night flying was added to the school program and the amount of training time doubled. Between January 1939 and March 1943, over 6,800 men graduated from Kelly's Advanced Flying School and approximately 1,700 additional pilots graduated from various other courses in the Instructor's School. In order to house the rapidly growing pilot trainee population, a "tent city" sprang up as it had in World War I.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the summer of 1942, congestion caused by the close proximity of four flying fields - Duncan, Kelly, Brooks, and Stinson - had become dangerous. Consequently, in March 1943, Kelly and Duncan were reunited under the name of Kelly Field. Kelly Field's primary functions became that of maintenance and supply. This was a major change in mission for Kelly as flying training moved elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kelly's <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> mission turned the base into a huge industrial complex. A new organization, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Antonio_Air_Service_Command&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Antonio Air Service Command (page does not exist)">San Antonio Air Service Command</a>, managed the increased supply and maintenance workload at would become the <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Air_Logistics_Center" title="San Antonio Air Logistics Center">San Antonio Air Logistics Center</a> in later years. Kelly workers overhauled, repaired, and modified aircraft, engines, and related equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_years">Post-war years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-war years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When World War II ended in August 1945, America demobilized as rapidly as it had after the First World War. Over 3,000 Kelly civilians resigned or retired within weeks of <a href="/wiki/V-J_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="V-J Day">V-J Day</a>. Nevertheless, more and more AT-6, P-51, and B-29 aircraft were delivered to Kelly for maintenance and storage. Disposal and aircraft storage programs took up more and more of Kelly's time and space. Kelly's maintenance workers stopped repairing very heavy bombers and began supporting the occupational forces in Europe and Japan with air transportation, communications, and weather systems. In 1946, the San Antonio Air Technical Services Command became the San Antonio Air Materiel Area (SAAMA).<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1947, President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Act_of_1947" title="National Security Act of 1947">National Security Act</a>, which, among other things, created an independent <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>. Over the next few years, the youngest of the armed services separated itself from the Army way of doing things. In January 1948, Kelly Field became <b>Kelly Air Force Base</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berlin_airlift_and_Korean_War">Berlin airlift and Korean War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Berlin airlift and Korean War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Douglas_C-54D_USAAF_wartime_markings_Chico_CA_08.10.92.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Douglas_C-54D_USAAF_wartime_markings_Chico_CA_08.10.92.jpg/220px-Douglas_C-54D_USAAF_wartime_markings_Chico_CA_08.10.92.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Douglas_C-54D_USAAF_wartime_markings_Chico_CA_08.10.92.jpg/330px-Douglas_C-54D_USAAF_wartime_markings_Chico_CA_08.10.92.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Douglas_C-54D_USAAF_wartime_markings_Chico_CA_08.10.92.jpg/440px-Douglas_C-54D_USAAF_wartime_markings_Chico_CA_08.10.92.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2176" data-file-height="1168" /></a><figcaption>The C-54 Skymaster was propelled by the R2000 engine, which was serviced exclusively at Kelly AFB</figcaption></figure> <p>By June 1948, the Soviet Union, in a move to push the Allies out of Berlin, <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Blockade" title="Berlin Blockade">closed all water, rail, and highway links</a> to the western part of the city. Forced to choose between abandoning West Berlin or supplying all goods by air, the western powers began around-the-clock airlift of vital supplies and material into the beleaguered city. The airlift, nicknamed "Operation Vittles", became the largest air cargo operation of all time. The prime workhorse of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Airlift" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin Airlift">Berlin Airlift</a> was the <a href="/wiki/C-54_Skymaster" class="mw-redirect" title="C-54 Skymaster">C-54 Skymaster</a> cargo aircraft, and Kelly was the only depot in the country repairing and overhauling replacement Pratt and Whitney R2000 engines used on the aircraft. By December 31, the Supply Division had shipped 1,317 R2000 engines worth $1.7 million for the airlift.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> in June 1950 found Kelly once again responding almost overnight. The Kelly maintenance line went into full-steam production to recondition <a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">Boeing B-29 Superfortresses</a> that had been in storage for overseas service. Work continued into the night by use of special outdoor lighting. The aircraft production line earned the nickname of the "Great White Way" as the glow of lights reflected on the aluminum skin of the bombers and lit up the evening sky. When the fighting subsided in Korea in July 1953, Kelly workers had once again proven their commitment to meet whatever challenges faced them.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1950s">1950s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1950s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1700_ATG_Convair_XC-99_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1700_ATG_Convair_XC-99_1954.jpg/220px-1700_ATG_Convair_XC-99_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1700_ATG_Convair_XC-99_1954.jpg/330px-1700_ATG_Convair_XC-99_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/1700_ATG_Convair_XC-99_1954.jpg/440px-1700_ATG_Convair_XC-99_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1072" data-file-height="574" /></a><figcaption>Convair XC-99 attached to the MATS 1700th Air Transport Group, Kelly AFB, Texas, 1954. Note San Antonio Air Materiel Area (SAAMA) tail marking, indicating the aircraft was assigned to the Air Materiel Command.</figcaption></figure> <p>As the Air Force moved through its first decade of independence, its aircraft, engines, accessories, and support equipment became increasingly sophisticated and complex, requiring use of new technologies and innovative programs to meet the challenges of the future.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1951, the <a href="/wiki/Convair_B-36_Peacemaker" title="Convair B-36 Peacemaker">Convair B-36 Peacemaker</a> intercontinental bomber began arriving in ever-increasing numbers at Kelly. With its powerful R4360 engines, the B-36 rapidly took the place of the B-29. The B-36 was radical in its design; its six pusher engines gave it a top speed of over 400 miles per hour, and it was the first American bomber capable of reaching any target on the globe.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>R4360 engines also powered the <a href="/wiki/Convair_XC-99" title="Convair XC-99">Convair XC-99</a>. Convair built this one-and-only transport in 1947 to use the technology of the B-36 more effectively. As the largest cargo plane to-date, the XC-99 set many world records between 1953 and 1955, before the Air Force decided it did not need large transport planes. The longest flight — 12,000 miles to <a href="/wiki/Rhein-Main_Air_Base" title="Rhein-Main Air Base">Rhein-Main Air Base</a> in West Germany — began on 13 August 1953. Carrying 61,000 pounds of vital cargo, it flew to West Germany via <a href="/wiki/Kindley_Air_Force_Base" title="Kindley Air Force Base">Kindley Air Force Base</a>, Bermuda and <a href="/wiki/Lajes_Field" title="Lajes Field">Lajes Field</a>, Azores and returned a week later carrying another 62,000 pounds. Every place the XC-99 landed, newspaper, radio, and television reporters were there to convey to the public the excitement of the spectacular flight.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B47E_in_flight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/B47E_in_flight.jpg/220px-B47E_in_flight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/B47E_in_flight.jpg/330px-B47E_in_flight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/B47E_in_flight.jpg/440px-B47E_in_flight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1144" /></a><figcaption>The B-47 was the first all-jet bomber supported by Kelly</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boeing_B-52F_takeoff_with_AGM-28_Hound_Dog_missiles.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Boeing_B-52F_takeoff_with_AGM-28_Hound_Dog_missiles.jpg/220px-Boeing_B-52F_takeoff_with_AGM-28_Hound_Dog_missiles.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Boeing_B-52F_takeoff_with_AGM-28_Hound_Dog_missiles.jpg/330px-Boeing_B-52F_takeoff_with_AGM-28_Hound_Dog_missiles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Boeing_B-52F_takeoff_with_AGM-28_Hound_Dog_missiles.jpg/440px-Boeing_B-52F_takeoff_with_AGM-28_Hound_Dog_missiles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="961" /></a><figcaption>Kelly AFB provided depot-level support for the B-52 from its introduction in 1955 until 1993</figcaption></figure> <p>Another record-breaking flight took place during May 1955. The XC-99 was put to the test in support of PROJECT DEWLINE. In conjunction with the <a href="/wiki/Military_Air_Transport_Service" title="Military Air Transport Service">Military Air Transport Service</a> (MATS), the XC-99 airlifted 380,000 pounds of cargo to <a href="/wiki/NAS_Keflavik" class="mw-redirect" title="NAS Keflavik">Keflavik Airport</a>, Iceland from <a href="/wiki/Dover_Air_Force_Base" title="Dover Air Force Base">Dover Air Force Base</a>, Delaware, a distance of 2,500 miles. The plane was airborne 210 hours and 41 minutes. Some trouble was experienced, but the 31 civilian technicians from the San Antonio depot successfully repaired the XC-99 at Dover AFB.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jet engines had become extremely important to the Air Force by 1955. The <a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet" title="Boeing B-47 Stratojet">Boeing B-47 Stratojet</a> bomber was the first full weapons system bomber. Designed in 1945, the B-47 was powered by six General Electric J47 turbojet engines and featured swept-back wings and tail surfaces. Its mission was to deliver conventional or nuclear ordnance to enemy targets. On 30 November 1959, a B-47 bomber set a world endurance record, remaining airborne for three days, eight hours, and eight minutes, and covering a distance of 32,900 miles. After relegating the bomber to reconnaissance and training missions, the last Stratojets were taken out of the active United States Air Force inventory in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Convair_B-58_Hustler" title="Convair B-58 Hustler">Convair B-58 Hustler</a> was yet another important addition to the Air Force inventory. As America's first supersonic bomber, it could range higher and faster than any other bomber aircraft in the world, flying at twice the speed of sound. Its four J79 engines produced over 41,000 pounds of thrust that could push the sleek bomber at more than 1,300 mph. The first B-58 arrived at Kelly on 15 March 1960 to be used for training maintenance personnel for the new overhaul workload. On May 26, 1958, SAAMA opened the B-58 Logistics Support Management Office. It became the forerunner of a major area organizational realignment whereby worldwide weapons management functions would be separated organizationally from the internal depot operations. Responsibilities outlined for the weapon system manager included budgeting, funding, computing requirements, and arranging for maintenance.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Convair_B-58A_Hustler_in_flight_(SN_59-2442)._Photo_taken_on_June_29,_1967_061101-F-1234P-019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Convair_B-58A_Hustler_in_flight_%28SN_59-2442%29._Photo_taken_on_June_29%2C_1967_061101-F-1234P-019.jpg/220px-Convair_B-58A_Hustler_in_flight_%28SN_59-2442%29._Photo_taken_on_June_29%2C_1967_061101-F-1234P-019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Convair_B-58A_Hustler_in_flight_%28SN_59-2442%29._Photo_taken_on_June_29%2C_1967_061101-F-1234P-019.jpg/330px-Convair_B-58A_Hustler_in_flight_%28SN_59-2442%29._Photo_taken_on_June_29%2C_1967_061101-F-1234P-019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Convair_B-58A_Hustler_in_flight_%28SN_59-2442%29._Photo_taken_on_June_29%2C_1967_061101-F-1234P-019.jpg/440px-Convair_B-58A_Hustler_in_flight_%28SN_59-2442%29._Photo_taken_on_June_29%2C_1967_061101-F-1234P-019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1124" /></a><figcaption>The B-58 was serviced by Kelly workers</figcaption></figure> <p>Kelly repaired and overhauled B-52s for over 30 years. In the early 1960s, the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress" title="Boeing B-52 Stratofortress">Boeing B-52 Stratofortress</a> was the major depot-level maintenance workload for SAAMA. Modifications to the B-52s performed at Kelly increased the load capability of each plane and increased the aircraft's range. In addition, the San Antonio shops camouflage-painted the B-52Gs for <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Southeast Asia</a> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Arc_Light" title="Operation Arc Light">Arc Light</a> operations. This era in Kelly's history ended when the Air Force shifted the B-52 workload to Oklahoma City AMA at <a href="/wiki/Tinker_Air_Force_Base" title="Tinker Air Force Base">Tinker Air Force Base</a> in the spring of 1993. The 36-year-old relationship between Kelly and the big bomber was the longest association between any Air Force weapons system and a single ALC to that point.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Americans have always looked to the future, but the future of Kelly's involvement in space have been a "now" responsibility for more than 25 years. In August 1962, SAAMA "loaned" the <a href="/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="National Aeronautics and Space Administration">National Aeronautics and Space Administration</a> (NASA) six aircraft - two F-102s, two TF102s and two T33s - so the astronauts at Houston's Manned Spacecraft Center could maintain their flying proficiency. Two years later, Directorate of Maintenance workers built three Apollo capsule trainers for NASA. And Kelly's Directorate of Aerospace Fuels supplied NASA with the required liquid propellants from the very beginning of the Space Administration's push into space.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vietnam_War">Vietnam War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Vietnam War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kelly's workload remained relatively stable until the mid-1960s, when American efforts to prevent the fall of the <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnamese</a> government led to direct American involvement. Following the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin_incident" title="Gulf of Tonkin incident">Gulf of Tonkin incident</a> in August 1964, all air materiel areas began supporting Southeast Asia on a 24-hour basis. For the next 11 years, Kelly employees were deeply involved in supplying parts and expertise for the conflict in Southeast Asia, working both within the United States and overseas.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B-52G_landing_at_Andersen_AFB_during_Linebacker_II_1972.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/B-52G_landing_at_Andersen_AFB_during_Linebacker_II_1972.JPEG/220px-B-52G_landing_at_Andersen_AFB_during_Linebacker_II_1972.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/B-52G_landing_at_Andersen_AFB_during_Linebacker_II_1972.JPEG/330px-B-52G_landing_at_Andersen_AFB_during_Linebacker_II_1972.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/B-52G_landing_at_Andersen_AFB_during_Linebacker_II_1972.JPEG/440px-B-52G_landing_at_Andersen_AFB_during_Linebacker_II_1972.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>B-52G Stratofortress, modified by Kelly AFB for Arc Light bombing missions in Southeast Asia, landing at Andersen AFB during Linebacker II 1972.</figcaption></figure> <p>In May 1965, during the build-up of American forces in Vietnam, the Logistics Command started sending teams of supply personnel to the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Air_Forces" title="Pacific Air Forces">Pacific Air Forces</a>. Kelly had a lot of volunteers. By 31 December 1965, SAAMA had sent 11 supply teams, totaling 89 personnel, on temporary duty to Southeast Asia to establish supply centers throughout the western Pacific, including <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kelly also sent maintenance teams to Southeast Asia. The first team consisted of six jet engine mechanics that worked at <a href="/wiki/Clark_Air_Base" title="Clark Air Base">Clark Air Base</a>, Philippines on J57 engines for <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-100_Super_Sabre" title="North American F-100 Super Sabre">North American F-100 Super Sabres</a>. Other Kelly workers served in South Vietnam on special <a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5_Freedom_Fighter" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter">Northrop F-5 Freedom Fighter</a> modification teams, helped reassemble newly shipped F-5A/C aircraft at <a href="/wiki/Bien_Hoa_Air_Base" title="Bien Hoa Air Base">Bien Hoa Air Base</a>, and assisted in the creation of an engine repair facility at Bien Hoa. Some workers served on rapid area maintenance supply support or area transportation teams while others served as weapon system logistic officers. Those who remained in San Antonio also strove to meet the demands for materiel and aircraft maintenance.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 July 1965, Kelly opened as an aerial port of embarkation to provide though-plane cargo service to Southeast Asia. Kelly Air Force Base personnel processed and routed vital war material earmarked for South Vietnam to the Southeast Asian Theater. By 1967, the pace of the United States build-up intensified. The <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-141A_Starlifter" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed C-141A Starlifter">Lockheed C-141A Starlifter</a> cargo aircraft began to enter the Air Force inventory in sufficient numbers to replace the aging <a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-124_Globemaster_II" title="Douglas C-124 Globemaster II">Douglas C-124 Globemaster II</a>. With air terminal modernization and the increased use of C-141 aircraft, <a href="/wiki/Military_Airlift_Command" title="Military Airlift Command">Military Airlift Command</a> (MAC) aircrews seldom experienced any delays at Kelly's aerial port.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-5B_602TFS_BienHoa_1966.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/F-5B_602TFS_BienHoa_1966.jpg/220px-F-5B_602TFS_BienHoa_1966.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/F-5B_602TFS_BienHoa_1966.jpg/330px-F-5B_602TFS_BienHoa_1966.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/F-5B_602TFS_BienHoa_1966.jpg/440px-F-5B_602TFS_BienHoa_1966.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>Northrop F-5B Freedom Fighter (s/n 65-13074) of the 602th Fighter Squadron at Bien Hoa Air Base, South Vietnam, in 1966. It was part of the project "Skoshi Tiger" to evaluate the F-5.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 1 November 1965, SAAMA assumed responsibility for the Air Force's entire watercraft program. This included all landing-type vessels, spares, engines, and combat ships. Other items included cargo tanks, special service vessels, barges, small craft, dredges, rigging, and marine hardware. Earlier that year, on 3 August, Kelly became responsible for assembly and shipment of the necessary airfield lighting equipment to establish four semi-fixed installations in Southeast Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early 1970s witnessed the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Vietnamization" title="Vietnamization">Vietnamization</a> Program, also known as the <a href="/wiki/Nixon_Doctrine" title="Nixon Doctrine">Nixon Doctrine</a>. This new policy was the key to planned reductions in the United States military forces in South Vietnam. As part of this effort, SAAMA personnel were deeply involved in the planning and construction of an engine facility at Bien Hoa Air Base. This assignment began in February 1971 when the Air Force Logistics Command gave the SAAMA the responsibility for developing complete plans and specifications for converting an existing building at Bien Hoa Air Base into an engine overhaul facility.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One month later, the <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Air_Materiel_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="San Antonio Air Materiel Area">San Antonio Air Materiel Area</a>\ became involved with yet another project to provide logistics support. On 20 October 1972, SAAMA initiated PROJECT ENHANCE PLUS, to transfer A-37, <a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5E_Tiger_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop F-5E Tiger II">Northrop F-5E Tiger II</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Northrop_T-38_Talon" title="Northrop T-38 Talon">Northrop T-38 Talon</a> aircraft, engines, and support spares to the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Vietnam">Republic of Vietnam</a> to carry on the war after American withdrawal. Nearly every directorate at Kelly contributed to this effort.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:60thaw-c5galaxy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/60thaw-c5galaxy.jpg/220px-60thaw-c5galaxy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/60thaw-c5galaxy.jpg/330px-60thaw-c5galaxy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/60thaw-c5galaxy.jpg/440px-60thaw-c5galaxy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>C-5A Galaxy in the 1970s</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/C-5A_Galaxy" class="mw-redirect" title="C-5A Galaxy">C-5A Galaxy</a>, the Air Force's largest aircraft, entered the inventory in June 1970. San Antonio Air Materiel Area had both management and repair responsibility for the giant transport and its TF39 engine. Weighing about 350 tons, the aircraft can transport 98 percent of equipment issued to an Army division, including the 100,000 pound M-1 tank, self-propelled artillery equipment, missiles, and helicopters. On its initial visit to Kelly on 31 January 1970, prominent figures as well as public spectators greeted the C-5A.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A year before the United States ended its involvement in Southeast Asian hostilities; the military services began to prepare for the return of North Vietnam-held <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of War">Prisoners of War</a>. With the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Accords" title="Paris Peace Accords">Paris Peace Accords</a> on 27 January 1973, "Operation Homecoming" was on. The prisoners were flown from <a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">North Vietnam</a> to the Joint Homecoming Reception Center at <a href="/wiki/Clark_Air_Base" title="Clark Air Base">Clark Air Base</a>, Philippines. Once at Clark, the former POWs were given medical checkups, issued uniforms and personal items, and made those very important phone calls home. After a minimum time at Clark, the POWs flew to the United States to be reunited with their families and to receive complete medical and <a href="/wiki/Psychological_evaluation" title="Psychological evaluation">psychological evaluation</a> and treatment. <a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland Air Force Base</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sam_Houston" title="Fort Sam Houston">Fort Sam Houston</a> were designated as reception areas in San Antonio because each had hospital facilities to handle the needs of the returning prisoners of war. Kelly became the reception area. Flights bringing the former POWs to Kelly began on 15 February 1973. Although crowds were deliberately kept small, the occasion was full of joy. The 11 flights that arrived at Kelly carried 20 Air Force and 12 Army men. Kelly Air Force Base took great pride in welcoming home the brave men who had spent years in captivity.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post-Vietnam_era">Post-Vietnam era</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post-Vietnam era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1974, San Antonio Air Materiel Area changed its name to the <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Air_Logistics_Center" title="San Antonio Air Logistics Center">San Antonio Air Logistics Center</a>, but the dedication and support to the Air Force mission remained the same.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Engine.f15.arp.750pix.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Engine.f15.arp.750pix.jpg/220px-Engine.f15.arp.750pix.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Engine.f15.arp.750pix.jpg/330px-Engine.f15.arp.750pix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Engine.f15.arp.750pix.jpg/440px-Engine.f15.arp.750pix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption>Pratt & Whitney F100 turbofan engine</figcaption></figure> <p>The first F100 engine arrived at the SA-ALC on 9 August 1974. Primarily used as a trainer, this first engine was also used as a prototype repair engine to determine the adequacy of planning documents, technical data, tools and equipment. Management and maintenance of the F100 is complicated by the unique design of the engine. The engine is divided into five modules. Defective modules could be removed and replaced with spares to return the engine to service more rapidly. Another unique aspect of the F100 engine is the "on-condition" maintenance feature. This occurs if an inspection team determines that the rest of the modules are in good working order. Only the affected part would be overhauled and the rest of the engine would be left alone. In addition, time between overhauls is measured in terms of cycles, or throttling up and down action, rather than flight hours.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As good as the C-5A was, Lockheed and the Air Force began plans to incorporate reliability and maintainability factors into the large cargo plane, producing the C-5B during the early 1980s. The Galaxy "B" fleet added 7.5 million cargo tons per day to the United States military strategic airlift capability.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 November 1973, the Directorate of Aerospace Fuels provided propellants support to the last of the Skylab space program launches. In March 1979, the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> "Columbia" perched atop a <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">Boeing 747</a> arrived at Kelly Air Force Base for the first time for a refueling stop on its way to Kennedy Space Center in Florida. This was Kelly's most dramatic and visible participation in support of the space program but not its last. NASA flights continued to land with parts and equipment for multiple Space Shuttle missions en route to <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a> as late as June 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:C-17_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/C-17_4.jpg/220px-C-17_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/C-17_4.jpg/330px-C-17_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/C-17_4.jpg/440px-C-17_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1588" data-file-height="970" /></a><figcaption>C-17 Globemaster III</figcaption></figure> <p>The San Antonio Air Logistics Center also managed the new <a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-17_Globemaster_III" title="Boeing C-17 Globemaster III">Boeing C-17 Globemaster III</a>, developed by McDonnell Douglas in the late 1980s. This advanced aircraft is a rugged, reliable, modern airlifter designed to meet requirements established jointly by the Army, Marines, and the Air Force. The C-17 provides the United States combat commanders with the increased mobility to get to the battle sooner and to win. Kelly's involvement in the C-17 program was further strengthened when Air Force Logistics Command named it the source of repair for the airframe. Logistics support responsibility for the aircraft was made virtually complete in March 1985 when AFLC gave SA-ALC management and repair responsibility for the C-17 engines, the Pratt & Whitney F117-PW-100 turbofans.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the transfer of B-52 repair and overhaul to Oklahoma City in 1993, Kelly's workers shifted their attention to keeping the T-38 jet trainers of <a href="/wiki/Air_Education_and_Training_Command" title="Air Education and Training Command">Air Education and Training Command</a> ready to fly. This workload moved to Kelly in the spring of 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Closure">Closure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Closure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KAFB_Fiscal_Portrait_1993-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/KAFB_Fiscal_Portrait_1993-4.jpg/220px-KAFB_Fiscal_Portrait_1993-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/KAFB_Fiscal_Portrait_1993-4.jpg/330px-KAFB_Fiscal_Portrait_1993-4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/KAFB_Fiscal_Portrait_1993-4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="467" /></a><figcaption>Kelly AFB document, 1993</figcaption></figure> <p>During <a href="/wiki/Operation_Just_Cause" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Just Cause">Operation Just Cause</a>, Kelly served as a transit point for more than 8,200 troops deploying to <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> and as a reception site for some 250 incoming wounded service members. Later, the base moved more than 10,000 short tons of material and 4,700 passengers and deployed 17 million pounds of munitions to Southwest Asia for <a href="/wiki/Operation_Desert_Storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Desert Storm">Operation Desert Storm</a>. During the 1990s, it supported US operations in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>. </p><p>In 1992, a major defense reorganization had shifted ownership of most of Kelly's warehouse space from the Air Force to the new <a href="/wiki/Defense_Logistics_Agency" title="Defense Logistics Agency">Defense Logistics Agency</a>. The following year, the Base Realignment and Closure Commission added Kelly and three other logistics centers to the list of installations marked for closure. Local officials convinced the commissioners to spare the base, but it was only a temporary stay. </p><p>Kelly Air Force Base was closed because the <a href="/wiki/Base_Realignment_and_Closure_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Base Realignment and Closure Commission">Base Realignment and Closure Commission</a> round of 1995 decided the base's workload should be consolidated with that of other Air Force depots. Kelly was troublesome from a labor relations standpoint, and was seen as something of a "closed system" where active air force personnel became contractors and eventually union, government employees supervising their friends. At the same time <a href="/wiki/McClellan_Air_Force_Base" title="McClellan Air Force Base">McClellan Air Force Base</a> in Sacramento, California, was also closed. Instead of shifting all workloads, some were outsourced or privatized by the Clinton administration. Parts of the installation were shifted to <a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland Air Force Base</a>, with a significant portion becoming <a href="/wiki/Port_San_Antonio" title="Port San Antonio">Port San Antonio</a>. Prior to the shutdown it was still a vital part of San Antonio, including but not limited to providing host to Air Force One's backup airplane in 1998. After closure labor disputes dropped by 50% across USAF maintenance centers. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/37th_Training_Wing" title="37th Training Wing">37th Training Wing</a> at Lackland AFB, Texas, assumed responsibility for the Kelly AFB flightline area and the area west of the runway on 1 April 2001, the area being designated <b>Kelly Field Annex</b>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Port_San_Antonio" title="Port San Antonio">Port San Antonio</a> (formerly known as KellyUSA) has now renamed the logistics center Port San Antonio in line with its business strategy of becoming the largest inland port in South Texas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Facility_names">Facility names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Facility names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Aviation Camp (a.k.a. Remount Station) at Fort Sam Houston, c. February 1917</li> <li>Camp Kelly, 11 June 1917</li> <li>Kelly Field, 30 July 1917</li> <li>Kelly Air Force Base, 29 January 1948 – 30 September 2001.</li></ul> <dl><dd>Flightline and airfield area designated: Kelly Field Annex (becoming part of <a href="/wiki/Lackland_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lackland AFB">Lackland AFB</a>)</dd> <dd>Station area transferred to civilian control.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p><sup id="cite_ref-Mueller_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mueller-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_commands_to_which_assigned">Major commands to which assigned</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Major commands to which assigned"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Antonio_ALC_-_Emblem.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/San_Antonio_ALC_-_Emblem.png/175px-San_Antonio_ALC_-_Emblem.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/San_Antonio_ALC_-_Emblem.png/263px-San_Antonio_ALC_-_Emblem.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/San_Antonio_ALC_-_Emblem.png/350px-San_Antonio_ALC_-_Emblem.png 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption>San Antonio Air Logistics Center - Emblem</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Aviation Section, Signal Corps, May 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Military_Aeronautics" title="Division of Military Aeronautics">Division of Military Aeronautics</a>, 27 April 1918</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Service,_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Service, United States Army">Air Service, United States Army</a>, 27 August 1918</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">United States Army Air Service</a>, 1 July 1920</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">United States Army Air Corps</a>, 2 July 1926</li> <li>Air Corps Training Center, 1 September 1926</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: Gulf Coast Air Corps Training Center, 8 July 1940</dd></dl> <ul><li>Gulf Coast Army Air Forces Training Center, 1 May 1942</li> <li>Air Service Command, 11 March 1943</li> <li>Army Air Forces Materiel and Services Command, 17 Jul 1944</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: Army Air Forces Technical Service Command 31 Aug 1944</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Technical_Service_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Technical Service Command">Air Technical Service Command</a>, 1 July 1945</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Materiel_Command" title="Air Materiel Command">Air Materiel Command</a>, 9 March 1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Logistics_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Logistics Command">Air Force Logistics Command</a>, 1 April 1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Materiel_Command" title="Air Force Materiel Command">Air Force Materiel Command</a>, 1 June 1992 – 30 September 2001</li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-Mueller_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mueller-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Detached_Installations">Detached Installations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Detached Installations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kelly Field #1</li></ul> <dl><dd>South of Kelly Air Force Base, acquired 1917. Together with Kelly Field #2, designated <b>Duncan Field</b> on 13 March 1925. Combined with Kelly Field, 2 March 1943.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Kelly Field #2 (a.k.a. Pampa Air Force Auxiliary Field #2)</li></ul> <dl><dd>South of Kelly Air Force Base, acquired 1917. Combined with Kelly Field #1 and designated <b>Duncan Field</b>, 13 March 1925.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Kelly Field #3</li></ul> <dl><dd>2 miles East of <a href="/wiki/Castroville,_Texas" title="Castroville, Texas">Castroville, Texas</a>. Acquired early 1939, transferred to <a href="/wiki/Hondo_Army_Air_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Hondo Army Air Field">Hondo Army Air Field</a>, Texas, 12 February 1943.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Kelly Field #4</li></ul> <dl><dd>9 miles Northwest of Kelly AFB. Acquired 1 June 1939, transferred to <a href="/wiki/Brooks_Air_Force_Base" title="Brooks Air Force Base">Brooks Field</a>, 12 February 1943.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Kelly Field #5</li></ul> <dl><dd>6 Miles South-Southeast of San Antonio, Texas. Was Gosport Field, civilian airport, acquired early 1917, Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/Brooks_Air_Force_Base" title="Brooks Air Force Base">Brooks Field</a>, 4 February 1918.</dd></dl> <p><sup id="cite_ref-Mueller_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mueller-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_units_assigned">Major units assigned</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Major units assigned"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="American_Expeditionary_Force_combat_squadrons">American Expeditionary Force combat squadrons</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: American Expeditionary Force combat squadrons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9th_Aero_Squadron" title="9th Aero Squadron">9th Aero Squadron</a>, 14 June-8 July 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Aero_Squadron" title="12th Aero Squadron">12th Aero Squadron</a>, 2 June-18 July 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Aero_Squadron" title="13th Aero Squadron">13th Aero Squadron</a>, 14 June-8 July 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Aero_Squadron" title="17th Aero Squadron">17th Aero Squadron</a>, July-17 August 1917</li> <li>17th Aero Squadron (Provisional)</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/22d_Aero_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="22d Aero Squadron">22d Aero Squadron</a>, 16 June-3 August 1917</dd></dl> <ul><li>21st Aero Squadron (Provisional)</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/27th_Aero_Squadron" title="27th Aero Squadron">27th Aero Squadron</a>, 15 June-17 August 1917</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/24th_Aero_Squadron" title="24th Aero Squadron">24th Aero Squadron</a>, June-28 December 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Aero_Squadron" title="28th Aero Squadron">28th Aero Squadron</a>, 22 June-25 August 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/41st_Aero_Squadron" title="41st Aero Squadron">41st Aero Squadron</a>, 16 June-28 August 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_Aero_Squadron" title="49th Aero Squadron">49th Aero Squadron</a>, 6 August-28 December 1917</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/50th_Aero_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="50th Aero Squadron">50th Aero Squadron</a>, 6 August-28 December 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/88th_Aero_Squadron" title="88th Aero Squadron">88th Aero Squadron</a>, 18 August-7 October 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Aero_Squadron" title="91st Aero Squadron">91st Aero Squadron</a>, 21 August-5 October 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/99th_Aero_Squadron" title="99th Aero Squadron">99th Aero Squadron</a>, 21 August-2 November 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Aero_Squadron" title="100th Aero Squadron">100th Aero Squadron</a>, August-17 October 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/103d_Aero_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="103d Aero Squadron">103d Aero Squadron</a>, 31 August-5 November 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/104th_Aero_Squadron" title="104th Aero Squadron">104th Aero Squadron</a>, 25 August-4 November 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/138th_Aero_Squadron" title="138th Aero Squadron">138th Aero Squadron</a>, September–October 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/139th_Aero_Squadron" title="139th Aero Squadron">139th Aero Squadron</a>, September–October 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/147th_Aero_Squadron" title="147th Aero Squadron">147th Aero Squadron</a>, November 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/148th_Aero_Squadron" title="148th Aero Squadron">148th Aero Squadron</a>, 11–17 November 1917</li> <li><a href="/wiki/354th_Aero_Squadron" title="354th Aero Squadron">354th Aero Squadron</a>, January–March 1918</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post_World_War_I_organizations">Post World War I organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Post World War I organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li>Post Headquarters, Kelly Field, September 1917-March 1920</li> <li>Air Service Mechanics School, March 1920-January 1921</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Pursuit_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Pursuit Group">1st Pursuit Group</a>, 31 August 1919 – 30 June 1921</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Bombardment_Wing" title="1st Bombardment Wing">1st Bombardment Wing</a>, August 1919-26 June 1924</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Day_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Day Bombardment Group">1st Day Bombardment Group</a>, 25 September 1919 – 26 June 1922</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Aero_Squadron" title="8th Aero Squadron">8th Aero Squadron</a>, 21 June-5 July 1917; 25 May-13 August 1919</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/8th_Attack_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="8th Attack Squadron">8th Attack Squadron</a>, 2 June 1921-28 July 1926</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Bomb_Squadron" title="11th Bomb Squadron">11th Aero (later 11th) Squadron</a>, 26 June-12 August 1917; 8 November 1919 – 30 June 1922</li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Bomb_Squadron" title="20th Bomb Squadron">20th Aero (later 20th) Squadron</a>, 26 June-29 July 1917; 24 September 1919 – 30 June 1922</li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_Attack_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="26th Attack Squadron">26th Attack Squadron</a>, 15 September 1921 – 27 June 1924</li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Fighter_Squadron" title="27th Fighter Squadron">27th Aero (later 27th) Squadron</a>, 31 August 1919 – 30 June 1922</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/90th_Aero_Squadron" title="90th Aero Squadron">90th Aero Squadron</a>, 20 August-5 October 1917; c May-29 November 1919</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/90th_Attack_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="90th Attack Squadron">90th Attack Squadron</a>, 2 July 1921-1 July 1926</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/94th_Fighter_Squadron" title="94th Fighter Squadron">94th Aero (later 94th) Squadron</a>, 20 August-5 October 1917; 31 August 1919-1 June 1921</li> <li><a href="/wiki/95th_Reconnaissance_Squadron" title="95th Reconnaissance Squadron">95th Aero (later 95th) Squadron</a>, 20 August-4 October 1917; 31 August 1919-1 June 1921</li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Aero_Squadron" title="96th Aero Squadron">96th Aero (later Bombardment) Squadron</a>, 20 August-7 October 1917; 12 January 1920 – 30 June 1922</li> <li><a href="/wiki/147th_Aero_Squadron" title="147th Aero Squadron">147th Aero Squadron (Pursuit)</a>, 10–12 November 1917; 31 August 1919</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: 17th Squadron, 14 March-30 June 1921</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/166th_Aero_Squadron" title="166th Aero Squadron">166th Aero Squadron</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/49th_Test_and_Evaluation_Squadron" title="49th Test and Evaluation Squadron">49th Squadron</a>, 18–24 December 1917; 26 September 1919-30 June 1922</dd></dl> <ul><li>96th Bombardment Group, 12 January 1920 – 26 June 1922</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="After_being_established_as_a_permanent_military_post,_30_September_1922"><span id="After_being_established_as_a_permanent_military_post.2C_30_September_1922"></span>After being established as a permanent military post, 30 September 1922</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: After being established as a permanent military post, 30 September 1922"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10th_School_Group" title="10th School Group">10th School Group</a>, 22 June 1922 – 1 July 1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_School_Wing" title="24th School Wing">24th School Wing</a>, 1 August 1927 – 1 October 1931</li> <li>39th School (later Observation) Squadron, 1 August 1927 – 1 September 1936</li> <li>Air Corps Advanced Flying School, 1 July 1931 – 22 August 1941</li> <li>Air Corps Replacement Training Center, 22 August-1 November 1941</li> <li>Air Corps Reception Station, 1 November 1941</li></ul> <dl><dd>Air Corps Classification Center, 1 April 1942</dd> <dd>Merged to form: San Antonio Aviation Cadet Center (later Lackland AFB), 4 July 1942</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States_Air_Force_organizations">United States Air Force organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: United States Air Force organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li>518th Air Transport Group</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/1700th_Air_Transport_Group" title="1700th Air Transport Group">1700th Air Transport Group</a>, 6 June 1948-18 December 1957</dd></dl> <ul><li>Continental Division, <a href="/wiki/Military_Air_Transport_Service" title="Military Air Transport Service">Military Air Transport Service</a>, 1 July 1948 – 25 June 1958</li> <li><a href="/wiki/62d_Troop_Carrier_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="62d Troop Carrier Group">62d Troop Carrier Group</a>, 9 May-27 July 1950</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1708th_Ferrying_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="1708th Ferrying Wing">1708th Ferrying Wing</a>, 16 July 1951 – 1 March 1958</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Service" title="United States Air Force Security Service">United States Air Force Security Service</a>, 1 August 1953-</li> <li>Air Force Electronic Warfare Center, 8 August 1953-</li> <li>USAF Cryptographical Depot, 1 January 1964 – 1 February 1980</li> <li>USAF Communications Security Center, 1 July 1972 – 1 February 1980</li> <li>USAF Cryptographical Support Center, 1 February 1980-</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li>433d Tactical Airlift Wing, 1 November 1960</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/433d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="433d Airlift Wing">433d Airlift Wing</a> on 1 February 1992-Present</dd></dl> <ul><li>921st Troop Carrier Group, 17 January 1963</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated as: <a href="/wiki/921st_Tactical_Airlift_Group" title="921st Tactical Airlift Group">921st Tactical Airlift Group</a>, 29 June 1971-1 November 1974</dd></dl> <ul><li>922d Troop Carrier Group, 17 January 1963</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/922d_Tactical_Airlift_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="922d Tactical Airlift Group">922d Tactical Airlift Group</a>, 29 June 1971-30 June 1974</dd></dl> <ul><li>USAF Commissary Service, 1 January 1976 – 30 September 2001</li> <li>149th Fighter-Interceptor Group, 1 August 1961 (Texas ANG)</li></ul> <dl><dd>Re-designated: <a href="/wiki/149th_Fighter_Wing" title="149th Fighter Wing">149th Fighter Wing</a>, 1 October 1995-Present</dd></dl> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-Mueller_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mueller-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Airlines_and_destinations">Airlines and destinations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Airlines and destinations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cargo">Cargo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cargo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"><tbody><tr><th>Airlines</th><th class="unsortable">Destinations</th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Aero_Squadrons" class="mw-redirect" title="List of American Aero Squadrons">List of American Aero Squadrons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_World_War_II_Army_Airfields" class="mw-redirect" title="Texas World War II Army Airfields">Texas World War II Army Airfields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland Air Force Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_World_War_I_Flight_Training" title="United States Army World War I Flight Training">United States Army World War I Flight Training</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afhra.af.mil/">Air Force Historical Research Agency</a> </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gcr1.com/5010ReportRouter/default.aspx?airportID=SKF">FAA Airport Form 5010 for SKF</a> <small><a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a></small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-502ABW-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-502ABW_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.502abw.af.mil">Joint Base San Antonio 502d ABW</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William R. Evinger: <i>Directory of Military Bases in the U.S.</i>, Oryx Press, Phoenix, Ariz., 1991, p. 147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">World War I Group, Historical Division, Special Staff, United States Army, Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War (1917–1919)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KAFBHistory-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-33"><sup><i><b>ah</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-34"><sup><i><b>ai</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-35"><sup><i><b>aj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-36"><sup><i><b>ak</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-37"><sup><i><b>al</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-38"><sup><i><b>am</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-39"><sup><i><b>an</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-40"><sup><i><b>ao</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-41"><sup><i><b>ap</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-42"><sup><i><b>aq</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-43"><sup><i><b>ar</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-44"><sup><i><b>as</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-45"><sup><i><b>at</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KAFBHistory_5-46"><sup><i><b>au</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">San Antonio Air Logistics Center Office of History, Kelly AFB, Texas. A Brief History of Kelly Air Force Base. San Antonio, June 1993.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Location of U.S. Aviation Fields, The New York Times, 21 July 1918</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-K1641-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-K1641_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-K1641_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-K1641_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kellyheritage.org/1916-1941era.asp">Kelly Field history, 1916-1941</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kroll-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kroll_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kroll_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kroll_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kroll, H. D. (1919), Kelly field in the great world war, San Antonio Printing Company</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oob-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oob_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the First World War, Volume 3, Part 3, Center of Military History, United States Army, 1949 (1988 Reprint)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United Press, “House Passes Bill To Buy March Field,” <i>Riverside Daily Press</i>, Riverside, California, Saturday evening, 13 December 1919, Volume XXXIV, Number 269, page 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHussey" class="citation book cs1">Hussey, Ann. <i>KAFB Historical Report</i>. 37th Training Wing Office of History and Research: US Air Force.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=KAFB+Historical+Report&rft.place=37th+Training+Wing+Office+of+History+and+Research&rft.pub=US+Air+Force&rft.aulast=Hussey&rft.aufirst=Ann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKelly+Field" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lackland.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123152232">Space shuttle visits Lackland</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720030130/http://www.lackland.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123152232">Archived</a> 2011-07-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afcec.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-101201-009.pdf">The former Kelly AFB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121219223021/http://www.afcec.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-101201-009.pdf">Archived</a> 2012-12-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mueller-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mueller_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mueller_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mueller_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mueller_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mueller, Robert (1989). Volume 1: Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982. USAF Reference Series, Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force, Washington, D.C. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912799-53-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-912799-53-6">0-912799-53-6</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-16-002261-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-16-002261-4">0-16-002261-4</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelly_Field&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portsanantonio.us">Port San Antonio official site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/kelly.htm">GlobalSecurity.org (source of History)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://proft.50megs.com/kelly.html">More Kelly history</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/aviation/">Aviation: From Sand Dunes to Sonic Booms, a National Park Service <i>Discover Our Shared Heritage</i> Travel Itinerary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Documentation_Programs#Historic_American_Engineering_Record" title="Heritage Documentation Programs">Historic American Engineering Record</a> (HAER) No. TX-23-A, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://loc.gov/pictures/item/tx0728/">Kelly Air Force Base, XC-99 Airplane</a>", 22 data pages</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Military_base" title="Military base">military installations</a> in <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fort</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Bliss" title="Fort Bliss">Fort Bliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Cavazos" title="Fort Cavazos">Fort Cavazos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Sam_Houston" title="Fort Sam Houston">Fort Sam Houston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Camp</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Mabry" title="Camp Mabry">Camp Mabry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Bullis" title="Camp Bullis">Camp Bullis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Swift,_Texas" title="Camp Swift, Texas">Camp Swift</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Depot</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingleside_Army_Depot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingleside Army Depot (page does not exist)">Ingleside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_Army_Depot" title="Red River Army Depot">Red River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Texas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/85px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/128px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/170px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air Station</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Corpus_Christi" title="Naval Air Station Corpus Christi">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Joint_Reserve_Base_Fort_Worth" title="Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Kingsville" title="Naval Air Station Kingsville">Kingsville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Landing Field</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Auxiliary_Landing_Field_Orange_Grove" title="Naval Auxiliary Landing Field Orange Grove">Orange Grove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="left" style="background-color: transparent;"><tbody><tr><td></td><td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air<br />Force</a></td></tr></tbody></table></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Military_airbase" class="mw-redirect" title="Military airbase">Air Force Base</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooks_Air_Force_Base" title="Brooks Air Force Base">Brooks City-Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base" title="Dyess Air Force Base">Dyess AFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodfellow_Air_Force_Base" title="Goodfellow Air Force Base">Goodfellow AFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland AFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laughlin_Air_Force_Base" title="Laughlin Air Force Base">Laughlin AFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Air_Force_Base" title="Randolph Air Force Base">Randolph AFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppard_Air_Force_Base" title="Sheppard Air Force Base">Sheppard AFB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Annex</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Field_Annex" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelly Field Annex">Kelly Field Annex</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lackland_Training_Annex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lackland Training Annex (page does not exist)">Lackland Training Annex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air Reserve Base</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoal_Creek_Bombing_Range&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shoal Creek Bombing Range (page does not exist)">Shoal Creek Bombing Range</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Air_National_Guard" title="Texas Air National Guard">Air National Guard Station</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellington_Airport_(Texas)" title="Ellington Airport (Texas)">Ellington Field</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garland_Air_National_Guard_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garland Air National Guard Station (page does not exist)">Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hensley_Field_Air_National_Guard_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hensley Field Air National Guard Station (page does not exist)">Hensley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=McMullen_County_Range&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McMullen County Range (page does not exist)">McMullen County Range</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="left" style="background-color: transparent;"><tbody><tr><td></td><td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast<br />Guard</a></td></tr></tbody></table></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Air_Stations" title="United States Coast Guard Air Stations">Air Station</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Corpus_Christi" title="Coast Guard Air Station Corpus Christi">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Houston" title="Coast Guard Air Station Houston">Houston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Station</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coast_Guard_Station_Freeport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coast Guard Station Freeport (page does not exist)">Freeport</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coast_Guard_Station_Galveston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coast Guard Station Galveston (page does not exist)">Galveston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coast_Guard_Station_Port_Aransas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coast Guard Station Port Aransas (page does not exist)">Port Aransas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coast_Guard_Station_Port_O%27Connor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coast Guard Station Port O'Connor (page does not exist)">Port O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Station_South_Padre_Island" title="Coast Guard Station South Padre Island">South Padre Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Marine Safety Unit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Safety_Unit_Galveston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine Safety Unit Galveston (page does not exist)">Galveston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Safety_Unit_Port_Arthur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine Safety Unit Port Arthur (page does not exist)">Port Arthur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Loran Station</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loran-C_Transmitter_Raymondville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loran-C Transmitter Raymondville (page does not exist)">Raymondville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20px_Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/20px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces_Training_Command" title="Army Air Forces Training Command">Army Air Forces Training Command</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Flying training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Flying schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces_Eastern_Flying_Training_Command" title="Army Air Forces Eastern Flying Training Command">Eastern Flying Training Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command" title="Flying Division, Air Training Command">Central Flying Training Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Division,_Air_Training_Command" title="Flying Division, Air Training Command">Western Flying Training Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Specialized schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" 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