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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle The Quarrymen to the Beatles: 1956–1970 subsection </button> <ul id="toc-The_Quarrymen_to_the_Beatles:_1956–1970-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Formation,_fame_and_touring:_1956–1966" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation,_fame_and_touring:_1956–1966"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Formation, fame and touring: 1956–1966 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation,_fame_and_touring:_1956–1966-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Studio_years,_break-up_and_solo_work:_1966–1970" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Studio_years,_break-up_and_solo_work:_1966–1970"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Studio years, break-up and solo work: 1966–1970 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Studio_years,_break-up_and_solo_work:_1966–1970-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solo_career:_1970–1980" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solo_career:_1970–1980"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Solo career: 1970–1980 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Solo_career:_1970–1980-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Solo career: 1970–1980 subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Solo_career:_1970–1980-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Initial_solo_success_and_activism:_1970–1972" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_solo_success_and_activism:_1970–1972"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Initial solo success and activism: 1970–1972 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_solo_success_and_activism:_1970–1972-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Lost_weekend":_1973–1975" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Lost_weekend":_1973–1975"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 "Lost weekend": 1973–1975 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Lost_weekend":_1973–1975-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hiatus_and_return:_1975–1980" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hiatus_and_return:_1975–1980"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Hiatus and return: 1975–1980 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hiatus_and_return:_1975–1980-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Murder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Murder </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Murder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_relationships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_relationships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Personal relationships </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_relationships-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Personal relationships subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_relationships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cynthia_Lennon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cynthia_Lennon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Cynthia Lennon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cynthia_Lennon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brian_Epstein" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brian_Epstein"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Brian Epstein </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brian_Epstein-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Julian_Lennon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Julian_Lennon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Julian Lennon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Julian_Lennon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yoko_Ono" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yoko_Ono"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Yoko Ono </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yoko_Ono-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-May_Pang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#May_Pang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 May Pang </div> </a> <ul id="toc-May_Pang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sean_Lennon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sean_Lennon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Sean Lennon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sean_Lennon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_Beatles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_Beatles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Former Beatles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_Beatles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Political activism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_activism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Political activism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Political_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deportation_attempt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deportation_attempt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Deportation attempt </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deportation_attempt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-FBI_surveillance_and_declassified_documents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#FBI_surveillance_and_declassified_documents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 FBI surveillance and declassified documents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-FBI_surveillance_and_declassified_documents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Writing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Art </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musicianship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musicianship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Musicianship </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Musicianship-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Musicianship subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Musicianship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Instruments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instruments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Instruments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instruments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocal_style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocal_style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Vocal style </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocal_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Legacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Accolades </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Discography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Discography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Discography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Discography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Studio_albums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Studio_albums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Studio albums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Studio_albums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Experimental_studio_albums_with_Yoko_Ono" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Experimental_studio_albums_with_Yoko_Ono"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Experimental studio albums with Yoko Ono </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Experimental_studio_albums_with_Yoko_Ono-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Filmography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Filmography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Film </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Television </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.2 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">John Lennon</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 137 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-137" aria-hidden="true" > 137 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%86%E1%8A%95_%E1%88%8C%E1%8A%96%E1%8A%95" title="ጆን ሌኖን – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጆን ሌኖን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%8F%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Леннон, Џьон – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Леннон, Џьон" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="جون لينون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون لينون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%83%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A8%D5%B6" title="Ճոն Լենըն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ճոն Լենըն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Lennon" title="Con Lennon – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Con Lennon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="جان لنون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جان لنون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A8" title="জন লেনন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জন লেনন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Джон Леннон – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джон Леннон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Джон Ленан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джон Ленан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Джон Ленан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джон Ленан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Джон Ленън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джон Ленън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%9B%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Τζον Λένον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζον Λένον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Леннон, Джон – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Леннон, Джон" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="جان لنون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان لنون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EB%A0%88%EB%85%BC" title="존 레논 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="존 레논" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Ջոն Լենոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոն Լենոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8" title="जॉन लेनन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जॉन लेनन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9F" title="ג'ון לנון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ון לנון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜಾನ್ ಲೆನ್ನನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಾನ್ ಲೆನ್ನನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჯონ ლენონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯონ ლენონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Джон Леннон – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джон Леннон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Леннон, Джон – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Леннон, Джон" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Lennon" title="Ioannes Lennon – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes Lennon" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEons_Lenons" title="Džons Lenons – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džons Lenons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Џон Ленон – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џон Ленон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%BB" title="ജോൺ ലെനൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജോൺ ലെനൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8" title="जॉन लेनन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जॉन लेनन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჯონ ლენონი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯონ ლენონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="چون لينون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="چون لينون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="جان لنون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جان لنون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жон Леннон – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жон Леннон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဂျွန် လင်နွန် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျွန် လင်နွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8" title="जोन लेनन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जोन लेनन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%8E%E3%83%B3" title="ジョン・レノン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョン・レノン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Леннон, Джон – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Леннон, Джон" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%A8" title="ਜਾਨ ਲੈਨਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਾਨ ਲੈਨਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%86" title="جان لینن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جان لینن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%DB%90%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="جان لېنون – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جان لېنون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Джон Леннон – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Джон Леннон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Леннон, Джон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Леннон, Джон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%86%D9%86_%D9%84%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%86%D9%86" title="جۆن لێنۆن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جۆن لێنۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Џон Ленон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џон Ленон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜான் லெனன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜான் லெனன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Lennon" title="Con Lennon – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Con Lennon" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="జాన్ లెన్నాన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జాన్ లెన్నాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="จอห์น เลนนอน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จอห์น เลนนอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Джон Леннон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Леннон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%86" title="جان لینن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جان لینن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="John Lennon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%86%9C" title="列农 – Wu" 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Lennon_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Lennon (disambiguation)">Lennon (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="John Lennon (disambiguation)">John Lennon (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John Lennon</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon,_1974_(restored_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black and white picture of John Lennon in his mid-thirties" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/John_Lennon%2C_1974_%28restored_cropped%29.jpg/220px-John_Lennon%2C_1974_%28restored_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/John_Lennon%2C_1974_%28restored_cropped%29.jpg/330px-John_Lennon%2C_1974_%28restored_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/John_Lennon%2C_1974_%28restored_cropped%29.jpg/440px-John_Lennon%2C_1974_%28restored_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2233" data-file-height="2980" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Lennon in 1974</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">John Winston Lennon</div> (1940-10-09)9 October 1940 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">8 December 1980(1980-12-08) (aged 40) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">New York City, US</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">Gunshot wounds</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Cremated; ashes scattered in <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a>, New York City</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">John Winston Ono Lennon</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Singer</li><li>songwriter</li><li>musician</li><li>author</li><li>artist<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li><li>peace activist</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1956–1980</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lennon" title="Cynthia Lennon">Cynthia Powell</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>1962; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" />1968)</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712" /></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" />1969)</div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Partner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/May_Pang" title="May Pang">May Pang</a> (1973–1975)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon" title="Julian Lennon">Julian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lennon" title="Alfred Lennon">Alfred Lennon</a> (father)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Lennon" title="Julia Lennon">Julia Stanley</a> (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Baird_(teacher)" title="Julia Baird (teacher)">Julia Baird</a> (half-sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Smith" title="Mimi Smith">Mimi Smith</a> (aunt)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" />Musical career</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">Rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_music" title="Experimental music">experimental</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Instruments</th><td class="infobox-data note"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Vocals</li><li>guitar</li><li>keyboards</li><li>harmonica</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Labels</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parlophone" title="Parlophone">Parlophone</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Records" title="Apple Records">Apple</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Geffen_Records" title="Geffen Records">Geffen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Polydor_Records" title="Polydor Records">Polydor</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly of</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Quarrymen" title="The Quarrymen">The Quarrymen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/The_Dirty_Mac" title="The Dirty Mac">The Dirty Mac</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Plastic Ono Band">Plastic Ono Band</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical artist</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://johnlennon.com">johnlennon.com</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Firma_de_John_Lennon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Firma_de_John_Lennon.svg/250px-Firma_de_John_Lennon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Firma_de_John_Lennon.svg/330px-Firma_de_John_Lennon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="106" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> John Winston Ono Lennon<a href="#cite_note-3">[nb 1]</a> (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 1940 – 8 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and political activist. He gained worldwide fame as the founder, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a>. Lennon's <a href="/wiki/Lennon%E2%80%93McCartney" title="Lennon–McCartney">songwriting partnership</a> with <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> remains the most successful in history.<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> Born in <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, Lennon became involved in the <a href="/wiki/Skiffle_revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Skiffle revival">skiffle craze</a> as a teenager. In 1956, he formed <a href="/wiki/The_Quarrymen" title="The Quarrymen">the Quarrymen</a>, which evolved into the Beatles in 1960. Lennon initially was the group's de facto leader, a role he gradually seemed to cede to McCartney. Through his songwriting in the Beatles, he embraced myriad musical influences, initially writing and co-writing rock and pop-orientated hit songs such as "<a href="/wiki/I_Want_to_Hold_Your_Hand" title="I Want to Hold Your Hand">I Want to Hold Your Hand</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Help!_(song)" title="Help! (song)">Help!</a>" then later incorporating experimental elements into his compositions in the latter half of the Beatles' career, as his songs such as "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>" became known for their increasing innovation. Lennon soon expanded his work into other media by participating in numerous films, including <a href="/wiki/How_I_Won_the_War" title="How I Won the War">How I Won the War</a>, and authoring <a href="/wiki/In_His_Own_Write" title="In His Own Write">In His Own Write</a> and <a href="/wiki/A_Spaniard_in_the_Works" title="A Spaniard in the Works">A Spaniard in the Works</a>, both collections of <a href="/wiki/Literary_nonsense" title="Literary nonsense">nonsense writings</a> and line drawings. Starting with "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>", his songs were adopted as anthems by the <a href="/wiki/Anti-war_movement" title="Anti-war movement">anti-war movement</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">counterculture of the 1960s</a>. In 1969, he started the <a href="/wiki/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Plastic Ono Band">Plastic Ono Band</a> with his second wife, multimedia artist <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>, held the two-week-long anti-war demonstration <a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">bed-in</a> for peace, and <a href="/wiki/Break-up_of_the_Beatles" title="Break-up of the Beatles">left the Beatles</a> to embark on a solo career. Lennon and Ono collaborated on many works, including a trilogy of <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde_music" title="Avant-garde music">avant-garde</a> albums and several more films. After the <a href="/wiki/Break-up_of_the_Beatles" title="Break-up of the Beatles">Beatles disbanded</a>, Lennon released his solo debut <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a> and the international top-10 singles "<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma!" title="Instant Karma!">Instant Karma!</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(song)" title="Imagine (song)">Imagine</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>". Moving to New York City in 1971, his <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War">criticism of the Vietnam War</a> resulted in a three-year deportation attempt by the <a href="/wiki/Nixon_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Nixon administration">Nixon administration</a>. Lennon and Ono separated from 1973 to 1975, during which time he produced <a href="/wiki/Harry_Nilsson" title="Harry Nilsson">Harry Nilsson</a>'s album <a href="/wiki/Pussy_Cats" title="Pussy Cats">Pussy Cats</a>. He also had chart-topping collaborations with <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Whatever_Gets_You_thru_the_Night" title="Whatever Gets You thru the Night">Whatever Gets You thru the Night</a>") and <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Fame_(David_Bowie_song)" title="Fame (David Bowie song)">Fame</a>"). Following a five-year hiatus, Lennon returned to music in 1980 with the Ono collaboration <a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">shot and killed</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mark_David_Chapman" title="Mark David Chapman">Mark David Chapman</a>, three weeks after the album's release. As a performer, writer or co-writer, Lennon had 25 number-one singles in the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Billboard Hot 100</a> chart. Double Fantasy, his second-best-selling non-Beatles album, won the 1981 <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Grammy Award for Album of the Year">Grammy Award for Album of the Year</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-5">[4]</a> That year, he won the <a href="/wiki/Brit_Award_for_Outstanding_Contribution_to_Music" title="Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music">Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music</a>. In 2002, Lennon was voted eighth in a <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> history poll of the <a href="/wiki/100_Greatest_Britons" title="100 Greatest Britons">100 Greatest Britons</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> ranked him the fifth-greatest singer and 38th <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone%27s_100_Greatest_Artists_of_All_Time" title="Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time">greatest artist of all time</a>. He was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Songwriters_Hall_of_Fame" title="Songwriters Hall of Fame">Songwriters Hall of Fame</a> (in 1997) and the <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a> (twice, as a member of the Beatles in 1988 and as a solo artist in 1994). <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years:_1940–1956">Early years: 1940–1956</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A grey two-storey building, with numerous windows visible on both levels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG/220px-Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG/330px-Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG/440px-Mendipsnationaltrust.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1690" /></a><figcaption>Lennon's home at <a href="/wiki/251_Menlove_Avenue" title="251 Menlove Avenue">251 Menlove Avenue</a></figcaption></figure> John Winston Lennon was born on 9 October 1940 at <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Maternity_Hospital" title="Liverpool Maternity Hospital">Liverpool Maternity Hospital</a>, the only child of <a href="/wiki/Julia_Lennon" title="Julia Lennon">Julia (née Stanley)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lennon" title="Alfred Lennon">Alfred Lennon</a>. Alfred was a <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant Navy">merchant seaman</a> of <a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a> descent who was away at the time of his son's birth.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b504-6">[5]</a> His parents named him John Winston Lennon after his paternal grandfather, John "Jack" Lennon, and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200524:_"Julia_offered_the_name_in_honour_of&nbsp;..._Winston_Churchill"-7">[6]</a> His father was often away from home but sent regular pay cheques to 9 Newcastle Road, Liverpool, where Lennon lived with his mother;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200524:_"The_entire_Stanley_clan_gathered_nightly_at_Newcastle_Road"-8">[7]</a> the cheques stopped when he went <a href="/wiki/AWOL" class="mw-redirect" title="AWOL">absent without leave</a> in February 1944.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200554:_"Until_then_he_had_sent_her_money_each_month_from_his_wages,_but_now_it_stopped"-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200526:_"In_February_1944&nbsp;..._he_was_arrested_and_imprisoned._Freddie_subsequently_disappeared_for_six_months"-10">[9]</a> When he eventually came home six months later, he offered to look after the family, but Julia, by then pregnant with another man's child, rejected the idea.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200527-11">[10]</a> After her sister <a href="/wiki/Mimi_Smith" title="Mimi Smith">Mimi</a> complained to Liverpool's Social Services twice, Julia gave her custody of Lennon. In July 1946, Lennon's father visited her and took his son to <a href="/wiki/Blackpool" title="Blackpool">Blackpool</a>, secretly intending to emigrate to <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> with him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200556:_"Alf_admitted_to_her_that_he_had_planned_to_take_John_to_live_in_New_Zealand"-12">[11]</a> Julia followed them – with her partner at the time, Bobby Dykins – and after a heated argument, his father forced the five-year-old to choose between them. In one account of this incident, Lennon twice chose his father, but as his mother walked away, he began to cry and followed her.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200530:_"Julia_went_out_of_the_door&nbsp;..._John_ran_after_her"-13">[12]</a> According to author <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lewisohn" title="Mark Lewisohn">Mark Lewisohn</a>, however, Lennon's parents agreed that Julia should take him and give him a home. Billy Hall, who witnessed the incident, has said that the dramatic portrayal of a young John Lennon being forced to make a decision between his parents is inaccurate.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn201341–42-14">[13]</a> Lennon had no further contact with Alf for close to 20 years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005497-15">[14]</a> Throughout the rest of his childhood and adolescence, Lennon lived at <a href="/wiki/251_Menlove_Avenue" title="251 Menlove Avenue">Mendips, 251 Menlove Avenue</a>, Woolton, with Mimi and her husband <a href="/wiki/George_Toogood_Smith" title="George Toogood Smith">George Toogood Smith</a>, who had no children of their own.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200556:_"Hard_to_see_why_Mimi_wanted_John,_as_she_had_always_said_she_didn't_want_children"-16">[15]</a> His aunt purchased volumes of short stories for him, and his uncle, a dairyman at his family's farm, bought him a mouth organ and engaged him in solving <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crossword" class="extiw" title="wikt:crossword">crossword</a> puzzles.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200532:_"When_he_was_old_enough,_taught_John_how_to_solve_crossword_puzzles"-17">[16]</a> Julia visited Mendips on a regular basis, and John often visited her at 1 Blomfield Road, Liverpool, where she played him <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a> records, taught him the banjo, and showed him how to play "<a href="/wiki/Ain%27t_That_a_Shame" title="Ain't That a Shame">Ain't That a Shame</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Fats_Domino" title="Fats Domino">Fats Domino</a>.'"_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200548:_"To_get_them_started,_she_applied_the_triad_to_'Ain't_That_a_Shame<span_style="padding-right:.15em;">'"-18">[17]</a> In September 1980, Lennon commented about his family and his rebellious nature: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">A part of me would like to be accepted by all facets of society and not be this loudmouthed lunatic poet/musician. But I cannot be what I am not ... I was the one who all the other boys' parents – including Paul's father – would say, "Keep away from him" ... The parents instinctively recognised I was a troublemaker, meaning I did not conform and I would influence their children, which I did. I did my best to disrupt every friend's home ... Partly out of envy that I didn't have this so-called home ... but I did ... There were five women that were my family. Five strong, intelligent, beautiful women, five sisters. One happened to be my mother. [She] just couldn't deal with life. She was the youngest and she had a husband who ran away to sea and the war was on and she couldn't cope with me, and I ended up living with her elder sister. Now those women were fantastic ... And that was my first feminist education ... I would infiltrate the other boys' minds. I could say, "Parents are not gods because I don't live with mine and, therefore, I know."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff2000158–59,_160–61-19">[18]</a></blockquote> He regularly visited his cousin Stanley Parkes, who lived in <a href="/wiki/Fleetwood" title="Fleetwood">Fleetwood</a> and took him on trips to local cinemas.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200532:_"Parkes_recalled&nbsp;..._Leila_and_John_to_the_cinema_as_often_as_three_times_a_day"-20">[19]</a> During the school holidays Parkes often visited Lennon with Leila Harvey, another cousin, and the three often travelled to Blackpool two or three times a week to watch shows. They would visit the <a href="/wiki/Blackpool_Tower_Circus" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackpool Tower Circus">Blackpool Tower Circus</a> and see artists such as <a href="/wiki/Dickie_Valentine" title="Dickie Valentine">Dickie Valentine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Askey" title="Arthur Askey">Arthur Askey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Bygraves" title="Max Bygraves">Max Bygraves</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Loss" title="Joe Loss">Joe Loss</a>, with Parkes recalling that Lennon particularly liked <a href="/wiki/George_Formby,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="George Formby, Jr.">George Formby</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2009-21">[20]</a> After Parkes's family moved to Scotland, the three cousins often spent their school holidays together there. Parkes recalled, "John, cousin Leila and I were very close. From Edinburgh we would drive up to the family croft at <a href="/wiki/Durness" title="Durness">Durness</a>, which was from about the time John was nine years old until he was about 16."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b702-22">[21]</a> Lennon's uncle George died of a liver haemorrhage on 5 June 1955, aged 52.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b819-23">[22]</a> Lennon was raised as an <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> and attended <a href="/wiki/Dovedale_Primary_School" title="Dovedale Primary School">Dovedale Primary School</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b411-24">[23]</a> After passing his <a href="/wiki/Eleven-plus" title="Eleven-plus">eleven-plus</a> exam, he attended <a href="/wiki/Quarry_Bank_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarry Bank High School">Quarry Bank High School</a> in Liverpool from September 1952 to 1957, and was described by Harvey at the time as a "happy-go-lucky, good-humoured, easy going, lively lad".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200532–33-25">[24]</a> However, he was also known to frequently engage in fights, bully and disrupt classes.<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> Despite this, he quickly built a reputation as the class clown<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> and often drew comical cartoons that appeared in his self-made school magazine, the Daily Howl.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200540-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[nb 2]</a> In 1956, Julia bought John his first guitar. The instrument was an inexpensive <a href="/wiki/Gallotone_Champion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallotone Champion">Gallotone Champion</a> acoustic for which she lent her son five pounds and ten shillings on the condition that the guitar be delivered to her own house and not Mimi's, knowing well that her sister was not supportive of her son's musical aspirations.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200545-31">[29]</a> Mimi was sceptical of his claim that he would be famous one day, and she hoped that he would grow bored with music, often telling him, "The guitar's all very well, John, but you'll never make a living out of it."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorman200889-32">[30]</a> Lennon's senior school years were marked by a shift in his behaviour. Teachers at <a href="/wiki/Quarry_Bank_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarry Bank High School">Quarry Bank High School</a> described him thus: "He has too many wrong ambitions and his energy is often misplaced", and "His work always lacks effort. He is content to 'drift' instead of using his abilities."<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> Lennon's misbehaviour created a rift in his relationship with his aunt. On 15 July 1958, at the age of 44, Julia Lennon was struck and killed by a car while she was walking home after visiting the Smiths' house.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199748-34">[32]</a> His mother's death traumatised the teenage Lennon, who, for the next two years, drank heavily and frequently got into fights, consumed by a "blind rage".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005326-35">[33]</a> Julia's memory would later serve as a major creative inspiration for Lennon, inspiring songs such as the 1968 Beatles song "<a href="/wiki/Julia_(Beatles_song)" title="Julia (Beatles song)">Julia</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005327-36">[34]</a> Lennon failed his O-level examinations, and was accepted into the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_College_of_Art" title="Liverpool College of Art">Liverpool College of Art</a> after his aunt and headmaster intervened.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005100-37">[35]</a> At the college he began to wear <a href="/wiki/Teddy_Boy" class="mw-redirect" title="Teddy Boy">Teddy Boy</a> clothes and was threatened with expulsion for his behaviour.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b553–555-38">[36]</a> In the description of <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Powell" class="mw-redirect" title="Cynthia Powell">Cynthia Powell</a>, Lennon's fellow student and subsequently his wife, he was "thrown out of the college before his final year".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200550-39">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Quarrymen_to_the_Beatles:_1956–1970">The Quarrymen to the Beatles: 1956–1970</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/The_Quarrymen" title="The Quarrymen">The Quarrymen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lennon%E2%80%93McCartney" title="Lennon–McCartney">Lennon–McCartney</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beatlemania" title="Beatlemania">Beatlemania</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Invasion" title="British Invasion">British Invasion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/More_popular_than_Jesus" title="More popular than Jesus">More popular than Jesus</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation,_fame_and_touring:_1956–1966">Formation, fame and touring: 1956–1966</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Beatles_i_H%C3%B6torgscity_1963.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Beatles_i_H%C3%B6torgscity_1963.jpg/220px-The_Beatles_i_H%C3%B6torgscity_1963.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Beatles_i_H%C3%B6torgscity_1963.jpg/330px-The_Beatles_i_H%C3%B6torgscity_1963.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_Beatles_i_H%C3%B6torgscity_1963.jpg/440px-The_Beatles_i_H%C3%B6torgscity_1963.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1446" data-file-height="1607" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>, Lennon and <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> in 1963</figcaption></figure> At the age of 15, Lennon formed a <a href="/wiki/Skiffle_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Skiffle group">skiffle group</a>, the Quarrymen. Named after Quarry Bank High School, the group was established by Lennon in September 1956.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b738-40">[38]</a> By the summer of 1957, the Quarrymen played a "spirited set of songs" made up of half skiffle and half <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200595-41">[39]</a> Lennon first met Paul McCartney at the Quarrymen's second performance, which was held in Woolton on 6 July at the <a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Church,_Woolton,_Liverpool" title="St Peter's Church, Woolton, Liverpool">St Peter's Church</a> garden fête. Lennon then asked McCartney to join the band.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200593–99-42">[40]</a> McCartney said that Aunt Mimi "was very aware that John's friends were lower class", and would often patronise him when he arrived to visit Lennon.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199744-43">[41]</a> According to McCartney's brother <a href="/wiki/Mike_McGear" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike McGear">Mike</a>, their father similarly disapproved of Lennon, declaring that Lennon would get his son "into trouble".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199732-44">[42]</a> McCartney's father nevertheless allowed the fledgling band to rehearse in the family's front room at <a href="/wiki/20_Forthlin_Road" title="20 Forthlin Road">20 Forthlin Road</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199738–39-45">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200547-46">[44]</a> During this time Lennon wrote his first song, "<a href="/wiki/Hello_Little_Girl" title="Hello Little Girl">Hello Little Girl</a>", which became a UK top 10 hit for <a href="/wiki/The_Fourmost" title="The Fourmost">the Fourmost</a> in 1963.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b337–338-47">[45]</a> McCartney recommended that his friend <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> become the lead guitarist.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199747,_50-48">[46]</a> Lennon thought that Harrison, then 14 years old, was too young. McCartney engineered an audition on the upper deck of a Liverpool bus, where Harrison played "<a href="/wiki/Raunchy_(instrumental)" title="Raunchy (instrumental)">Raunchy</a>" for Lennon and was asked to join.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199747-49">[47]</a> <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Sutcliffe" title="Stuart Sutcliffe">Stuart Sutcliffe</a>, Lennon's friend from art school, later joined as bassist.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200564-50">[48]</a> Lennon, McCartney, Harrison and Sutcliffe became "The Beatles" in early 1960. In August that year, the Beatles were engaged for a 48-night <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_Hamburg" title="The Beatles in Hamburg">residency in Hamburg</a>, in West Germany, and were desperately in need of a drummer. They asked <a href="/wiki/Pete_Best" title="Pete Best">Pete Best</a> to join them.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199757-51">[49]</a> Lennon's aunt, horrified when he told her about the trip, pleaded with Lennon to continue his art studies instead.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200553-52">[50]</a> After the first Hamburg residency, the band accepted another in April 1961, and a third in April 1962. As with the other band members, Lennon was introduced to <a href="/wiki/Preludin" class="mw-redirect" title="Preludin">Preludin</a> while in Hamburg,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199766–67-53">[51]</a> and regularly took the drug as a stimulant during their long, overnight performances.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200557-54">[52]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/John_Lennon_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show.jpg/181px-John_Lennon_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/John_Lennon_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show.jpg/272px-John_Lennon_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/John_Lennon_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show.jpg/363px-John_Lennon_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="890" /></a><figcaption>Lennon in 1964</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Epstein" title="Brian Epstein">Brian Epstein</a> managed the Beatles from 1962 until his death in 1967. He had no previous experience managing artists, but he had a strong influence on the group's dress code and attitude on stage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Beatles200067-55">[53]</a> Lennon initially resisted his attempts to encourage the band to present a professional appearance, but eventually complied, saying "I'll wear a bloody balloon if somebody's going to pay me."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel2007-56">[54]</a> McCartney took over on bass after Sutcliffe decided to stay in Hamburg, and Best was replaced with drummer <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>; this completed the four-piece line-up that would remain until the group's break-up in 1970. The band's first single, "<a href="/wiki/Love_Me_Do" title="Love Me Do">Love Me Do</a>", was released in October 1962 and reached No. 17 on the British charts. They recorded their debut album, <a href="/wiki/Please_Please_Me" title="Please Please Me">Please Please Me</a>, in under 10 hours on 11 February 1963,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b721-57">[55]</a> a day when Lennon was suffering the effects of a cold,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn198824–26:_"Twist_and_Shout,_which_had_to_be_recorded_last_because_John_Lennon_had_a_particularly_bad_cold"-58">[56]</a> which is evident in the vocal on the last song to be recorded that day, "<a href="/wiki/Twist_and_Shout" title="Twist and Shout">Twist and Shout</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005376:_"He_had_been_struggling_all_day_to_reach_notes,_but_this_was_different,_this_hurt"-59">[57]</a> The Lennon–McCartney songwriting partnership yielded eight of its fourteen tracks. With a few exceptions, one being the album title itself, Lennon had yet to bring his love of wordplay to bear on his song lyrics, saying: "We were just writing songs ... pop songs with no more thought of them than that – to create a sound. And the words were almost irrelevant".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b721-57">[55]</a> In a 1987 interview, McCartney said that the other Beatles idolised Lennon: "He was like our own little Elvis ... We all looked up to John. He was older and he was very much the leader; he was the quickest wit and the smartest."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoggett201033-60">[58]</a> The Beatles achieved mainstream success in the UK early in 1963. Lennon was on tour when his first son, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon" title="Julian Lennon">Julian</a>, was born in April. During their <a href="/wiki/Royal_Variety_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Variety Show">Royal Variety Show</a> performance, which was attended by the Queen Mother and other British royalty, Lennon poked fun at the audience: "For our next song, I'd like to ask for your help. For the people in the cheaper seats, clap your hands ... and the rest of you, if you'll just rattle your jewellery."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShennan2007-61">[59]</a> After a year of <a href="/wiki/Beatlemania_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatlemania in the United Kingdom">Beatlemania in the UK</a>, the group's historic February 1964 US debut appearance on <a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a> marked their breakthrough to international stardom. A two-year period of constant touring, filmmaking, and songwriting followed, during which Lennon wrote two books, <a href="/wiki/In_His_Own_Write" title="In His Own Write">In His Own Write</a> and <a href="/wiki/A_Spaniard_in_the_Works" title="A Spaniard in the Works">A Spaniard in the Works</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a239–240-62">[60]</a> The Beatles received recognition from the British establishment when they were appointed <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Members of the Order of the British Empire</a> (MBE) in the <a href="/wiki/1965_Birthday_Honours" title="1965 Birthday Honours">1965 Queen's Birthday Honours</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELondon_Gazette19655487–5489-63">[61]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul,_George_%26_John.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Paul%2C_George_%26_John.png/250px-Paul%2C_George_%26_John.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Paul%2C_George_%26_John.png/330px-Paul%2C_George_%26_John.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Paul%2C_George_%26_John.png/500px-Paul%2C_George_%26_John.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="329" /></a><figcaption>McCartney, Harrison and Lennon, 1964</figcaption></figure>Lennon grew concerned that fans who attended Beatles concerts were unable to hear the music above the screaming of fans, and that the band's musicianship was beginning to suffer as a result.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a288-64">[62]</a> Lennon's "<a href="/wiki/Help!_(song)" title="Help! (song)">Help!</a>" expressed his own feelings in 1965: "I meant it ... It was me singing 'help'".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGould2008268-65">[63]</a> He had put on weight (he would later refer to this as his "Fat Elvis" period),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELawrence200562-66">[64]</a> and felt he was subconsciously seeking change.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Beatles2000171-67">[65]</a> In March that year he and Harrison were unknowingly introduced to <a href="/wiki/LSD" title="LSD">LSD</a> when a dentist, hosting a dinner party attended by the two musicians and their partners, spiked the guests' coffee with the drug.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodriguez201251–52-68">[66]</a> When they wanted to leave, their host revealed what they had taken, and strongly advised them not to leave the house because of the likely effects. Later, in a lift at a nightclub, they all believed it was on fire; Lennon recalled: "We were all screaming ... hot and hysterical."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b570-69">[67]</a> In March 1966, during an interview with Evening Standard reporter <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Cleave" title="Maureen Cleave">Maureen Cleave</a>, Lennon remarked, "Christianity will go. It will vanish and shrink ... We're more popular than Jesus now – I don't know which will go first, rock and roll or Christianity."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECleave2007-70">[68]</a> The comment went virtually unnoticed in England but caused <a href="/wiki/More_popular_than_Jesus" title="More popular than Jesus">great offence in the US</a> when quoted by a magazine there five months later. The furore that followed, which included the burning of Beatles records, <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a> activity and threats against Lennon, contributed to the band's decision to stop touring.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGould20085–6,_249,_281,_347-71">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studio_years,_break-up_and_solo_work:_1966–1970">Studio years, break-up and solo work: 1966–1970</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_passport_photo_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/John_Lennon_passport_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-John_Lennon_passport_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/John_Lennon_passport_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-John_Lennon_passport_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/John_Lennon_passport_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="274" data-file-height="322" /></a><figcaption>Lennon's <a href="/wiki/British_passport" title="British passport">passport</a> photo taken in 1967</figcaption></figure> After the band's final concert on 29 August 1966, Lennon filmed the anti-war black comedy <a href="/wiki/How_I_Won_the_War" title="How I Won the War">How I Won the War</a> – his only appearance in a non-Beatles feature film – before rejoining his bandmates for an extended period of recording, beginning in November.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoppa2010-72">[70]</a> Lennon had increased his use of LSD<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGould2008319-73">[71]</a> and, according to author <a href="/wiki/Ian_MacDonald" title="Ian MacDonald">Ian MacDonald</a>, his continuous use of the drug in 1967 brought him "close to <a href="/wiki/Egolessness" class="mw-redirect" title="Egolessness">erasing his identity</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005281-74">[72]</a> The year 1967 saw the release of "<a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_Forever" title="Strawberry Fields Forever">Strawberry Fields Forever</a>", hailed by <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine for its "astonishing inventiveness",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETime1967-75">[73]</a> and the group's landmark album <a href="/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band" title="Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band">Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</a>, which revealed lyrics by Lennon that contrasted strongly with the simple love songs of the group's early years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGould2008399–400-76">[74]</a> In late June, the Beatles performed Lennon's "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>" as Britain's contribution to the <a href="/wiki/Our_World_(1967_TV_program)" title="Our World (1967 TV program)">Our World</a> satellite broadcast, before an international audience estimated at up to 400 million.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn1988116-77">[75]</a> Intentionally simplistic in its message,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner197886-78">[76]</a> the song formalised his <a href="/wiki/Pacifism" title="Pacifism">pacifist</a> stance and provided an anthem for the <a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Love" title="Summer of Love">Summer of Love</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener199039–40-79">[77]</a> After the Beatles were introduced to the <a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Maharishi Mahesh Yogi</a>, the group attended an August weekend of personal instruction at his <a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation" title="Transcendental Meditation">Transcendental Meditation</a> seminar <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_Bangor" title="The Beatles in Bangor">in Bangor</a>, Wales.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2007b-80">[78]</a> During the seminar, they were informed of Epstein's death. "I knew we were in trouble then", Lennon said later. "I didn't have any misconceptions about our ability to do anything other than play music. I was scared – I thought, 'We've fucking had it now.'"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown1983276-81">[79]</a> McCartney organised the group's first post-Epstein project,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles1997349–373-82">[80]</a> the self-written, -produced and -directed television film <a href="/wiki/Magical_Mystery_Tour_(film)" title="Magical Mystery Tour (film)">Magical Mystery Tour</a>, which was released in December that year. While the film itself proved to be their first critical flop, its <a href="/wiki/Magical_Mystery_Tour" title="Magical Mystery Tour">soundtrack release</a>, featuring Lennon's <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Carroll" title="Lewis Carroll">Lewis Carroll</a>–inspired "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>", was a success.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELogan1967-83">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn1988131-84">[82]</a> Led by Harrison and Lennon's interest, the Beatles travelled to the Maharishi's <a href="/wiki/Ashram" title="Ashram">ashram</a> in India in February 1968 for further guidance.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoggett201033,_34-85">[83]</a> While there, they composed most of the songs for their double album <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_(album)" title="The Beatles (album)">The Beatles</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles1997397-86">[84]</a> but the band members' mixed experience with Transcendental Meditation signalled a sharp divergence in the group's camaraderie.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner197889-87">[85]</a> On their return to London, they became increasingly involved in business activities with the formation of <a href="/wiki/Apple_Corps" title="Apple Corps">Apple Corps</a>, a multimedia corporation composed of <a href="/wiki/Apple_Records" title="Apple Records">Apple Records</a> and several other subsidiary companies. Lennon described the venture as an attempt to achieve "artistic freedom within a business structure".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b31-88">[86]</a> Released amid the <a href="/wiki/Protests_of_1968" title="Protests of 1968">Protests of 1968</a>, the band's debut single for the Apple label included Lennon's B-side "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_(Beatles_song)" title="Revolution (Beatles song)">Revolution</a>", in which he called for a "plan" rather than committing to <a href="/wiki/Maoist" class="mw-redirect" title="Maoist">Maoist</a> revolution. The song's pacifist message led to ridicule from political radicals in the <a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a> press.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener199060-89">[87]</a> Adding to the tensions at the Beatles' recording sessions that year, Lennon insisted on having his new girlfriend, the Japanese artist <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>, beside him, thereby contravening the band's policy regarding wives and girlfriends in the studio. He was especially pleased with his songwriting contributions to the double album and identified it as a superior work to Sgt. Pepper.<a href="#cite_note-90">[88]</a> At the end of 1968, Lennon participated in <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones_Rock_and_Roll_Circus" title="The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus">The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus</a>, a television special that was not broadcast. Lennon performed with <a href="/wiki/The_Dirty_Mac" title="The Dirty Mac">the Dirty Mac</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Supergroup_(music)" title="Supergroup (music)">supergroup</a> composed of Lennon, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Clapton" title="Eric Clapton">Eric Clapton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Richards" title="Keith Richards">Keith Richards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Mitchell" title="Mitch Mitchell">Mitch Mitchell</a>. The group also backed a vocal performance by Ono. A film version was released in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b774–775-91">[89]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert,_Bestanddeelnr_922-2496_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2496_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2496_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2496_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2496_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2496_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2496_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a> and Lennon in March 1969</figcaption></figure> By late 1968, Lennon's increased drug use and growing preoccupation with Ono, combined with the Beatles' inability to agree on how the company should be run, left Apple in need of professional management. Lennon asked <a href="/wiki/Lord_Beeching" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Beeching">Lord Beeching</a> to take on the role but he declined, advising Lennon to go back to making records. Lennon was approached by <a href="/wiki/Allen_Klein" title="Allen Klein">Allen Klein</a>, who had managed <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">the Rolling Stones</a> and other bands during the <a href="/wiki/British_Invasion" title="British Invasion">British Invasion</a>. In early 1969, Klein was appointed as Apple's chief executive by Lennon, Harrison and Starr,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETelegraphKlein2010-92">[90]</a> but McCartney never signed the management contract.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles1997549:_"Paul_never_did_sign_the_management_contract"-93">[91]</a> Lennon and Ono were married on 20 March 1969 and soon released a series of 14 <a href="/wiki/Lithograph" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithograph">lithographs</a> called "Bag One" depicting scenes from their honeymoon,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFawcett1976185-94">[92]</a> eight of which were deemed indecent and most of which were banned and confiscated.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a279-95">[93]</a> Lennon's creative focus continued to move beyond the Beatles, and between 1968 and 1969 he and Ono recorded three albums of experimental music together: <a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._1:_Two_Virgins" title="Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins">Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a48–49-96">[94]</a> (known more for its cover than for its music), <a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._2:_Life_with_the_Lions" title="Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions">Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wedding_Album" title="Wedding Album">Wedding Album</a>. In 1969, they formed the <a href="/wiki/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Plastic Ono Band">Plastic Ono Band</a>, releasing <a href="/wiki/Live_Peace_in_Toronto_1969" title="Live Peace in Toronto 1969">Live Peace in Toronto 1969</a>. Between 1969 and 1970, Lennon released the singles "Give Peace a Chance", which was widely adopted as an anti-<a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> anthem,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerone200157–58-97">[95]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Cold_Turkey" title="Cold Turkey">Cold Turkey</a>", which documented his withdrawal symptoms after he became addicted to <a href="/wiki/Heroin" title="Heroin">heroin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b160–161-98">[96]</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma!" title="Instant Karma!">Instant Karma!</a>". <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/60px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/120px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Give_Peace_a_Chance.ogg" title="File:Give Peace a Chance.ogg">Give Peace a Chance</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="30" data-mwtitle="Give_Peace_a_Chance.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f6/Give_Peace_a_Chance.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/f/f6/Give_Peace_a_Chance.ogg/Give_Peace_a_Chance.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AGive_Peace_a_Chance.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Sample of "<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>", recorded in Montreal in 1969 during Lennon and Ono's second bed-in. As described by biographer <a href="/wiki/Bill_Harry" title="Bill Harry">Bill Harry</a>, Lennon wanted to "write a peace anthem that would take over from the song '<a href="/wiki/We_Shall_Overcome" title="We Shall Overcome">We Shall Overcome</a>' – and he succeeded ... it became the main anti-<a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam</a> protest song."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b276–278-99">[97]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> In protest at Britain's involvement in "the Nigeria-Biafra thing"<a href="#cite_note-100">[98]</a> (namely, the <a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Civil_War" title="Nigerian Civil War">Nigerian Civil War</a>),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles2001360-101">[99]</a> its support of America in the Vietnam War and (perhaps jokingly) against "Cold Turkey" slipping down the charts,<a href="#cite_note-MBEreturn-102">[100]</a> Lennon returned his <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Most_Excellent_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire">MBE</a> medal to the Queen. This gesture had no effect on his MBE status, which could be renounced but ultimately only the Sovereign has the power to annul the original award.<a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b615–617-104">[102]</a> The medal, together with Lennon's letter, is held at the <a href="/wiki/Central_Chancery_of_the_Orders_of_Knighthood" title="Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood">Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MBEreturn-102">[100]</a> Lennon left the Beatles on 20 September 1969,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorman2008622–624-105">[103]</a> but agreed not to inform the media while the group renegotiated their recording contract. He was outraged that McCartney publicised his own departure on releasing <a href="/wiki/McCartney_(album)" title="McCartney (album)">his debut solo album</a> in April 1970. Lennon's reaction was, "Jesus Christ! He gets all the credit for it!"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005853–54-106">[104]</a> He later wrote, "I started the band. I disbanded it. It's as simple as that."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELoker2009348-107">[105]</a> In a December 1970 interview with <a href="/wiki/Jann_Wenner" title="Jann Wenner">Jann Wenner</a> of <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> magazine, he revealed his bitterness towards McCartney, saying, "I was a fool not to do what Paul did, which was use it to sell a record."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWenner200032-108">[106]</a> Lennon also spoke of the hostility he perceived the other members had towards Ono, and of how he, Harrison and Starr "got fed up with being sidemen for Paul ... After Brian Epstein died we collapsed. Paul took over and supposedly led us. But what is leading us when we went round in circles?"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWenner200024-109">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Solo_career:_1970–1980">Solo career: 1970–1980</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial_solo_success_and_activism:_1970–1972">Initial solo success and activism: 1970–1972</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg/220px-John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg/330px-John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg/440px-John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Advertisement for "<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(song)" title="Imagine (song)">Imagine</a>" from Billboard, 18 September 1971</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:23em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> When it gets down to having to use violence, then you are playing the system's game. The establishment will irritate you – pull your beard, flick your face – to make you fight. Because once they've got you violent, then they know how to handle you. The only thing they don't know how to handle is non-violence and humor. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="right-aligned" style="">—John Lennon<a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-goodreads-111">[109]</a></cite></div> </div> Between 1 April and 15 September 1970, Lennon and Ono went through <a href="/wiki/Primal_therapy#John_Lennon" title="Primal therapy">primal therapy</a> with <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Janov" title="Arthur Janov">Arthur Janov</a> at Tittenhurst, in London and at Janov's clinic in Los Angeles, California. Designed to release emotional pain from early childhood, the therapy entailed two half-days a week with Janov for six months; he had wanted to treat the couple for longer, but their American visa ran out and they had to return to the UK.<a href="#cite_note-auto-112">[110]</a> Lennon's debut solo album, <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a> (1970), was received with praise by many music critics, but its highly personal lyrics and stark sound limited its commercial performance.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978144,_146-113">[111]</a> The album featured the song "<a href="/wiki/Mother_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Mother (John Lennon song)">Mother</a>", in which Lennon confronted his feelings of childhood rejection,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b640–641-114">[112]</a> and the Dylanesque "<a href="/wiki/Working_Class_Hero" title="Working Class Hero">Working Class Hero</a>", a bitter attack against the bourgeois social system which, due to the lyric "you're still fucking peasants", fell foul of broadcasters.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiley2002375-115">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchechter1997106-116">[114]</a> In January 1971, <a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Tariq Ali</a> expressed his revolutionary political views when he interviewed Lennon, who immediately responded by writing "<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>". In his lyrics to the song, Lennon reversed the non-confrontational approach he had espoused in "Revolution", although he later disowned "Power to the People", saying that it was borne out of guilt and a desire for approval from radicals such as Ali.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlaney200570–71-117">[115]</a> Lennon became involved in a protest against the prosecution of <a href="/wiki/Oz_(magazine)" title="Oz (magazine)">Oz</a> magazine for alleged obscenity. Lennon denounced the proceedings as "disgusting fascism", and he and Ono (as Elastic Oz Band) released the single "God Save Us/Do the Oz" and joined marches in support of the magazine.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener1990157-118">[116]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132" /><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/60px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg/120px-Gnome-mime-audio-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Imagine.ogg" class="mw-redirect" title="File:Imagine.ogg">"Imagine"</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="18" data-mwtitle="Imagine_(John_Lennon_song_-_sample).ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/95/Imagine_%28John_Lennon_song_-_sample%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/9/95/Imagine_%28John_Lennon_song_-_sample%29.ogg/Imagine_%28John_Lennon_song_-_sample%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AImagine_%28John_Lennon_song_-_sample%29.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Sample of "<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(song)" title="Imagine (song)">Imagine</a>", Lennon's most widely known post-Beatles song.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b382-119">[117]</a> Like "Give Peace a Chance", the song became an anti-war anthem, but its lyrics offended religious groups. Lennon's explanation was: "If you can imagine a world at peace, with no denominations of religion – not without religion, but without this 'my god is bigger than your god' thing – then it can be true."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b382–383-120">[118]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> Eager for a major commercial success, Lennon adopted a more accessible sound for his next album, <a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Imagine (John Lennon album)">Imagine</a> (1971).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978146-121">[119]</a> Rolling Stone reported that "it contains a substantial portion of good music" but warned of the possibility that "his posturings will soon seem not merely dull but irrelevant".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGerson1971-122">[120]</a> <a href="/wiki/Imagine_(song)" title="Imagine (song)">The album's title track</a> later became an anthem for anti-war movements,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVigilla2005-123">[121]</a> while the song "<a href="/wiki/How_Do_You_Sleep%3F_(John_Lennon_song)" title="How Do You Sleep? (John Lennon song)">How Do You Sleep?</a>" was a musical attack on McCartney in response to lyrics on <a href="/wiki/Ram_(album)" title="Ram (album)">Ram</a> that Lennon felt, and McCartney later confirmed,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodman1984-124">[122]</a> were directed at him and Ono.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b354–356-125">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[nb 3]</a> In "<a href="/wiki/Jealous_Guy" title="Jealous Guy">Jealous Guy</a>", Lennon addressed his demeaning treatment of women, acknowledging that his past behaviour was a result of long-held insecurity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff2000210-128">[125]</a> In gratitude for his guitar contributions to Imagine, Lennon initially agreed to perform at Harrison's <a href="/wiki/Concert_for_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Concert for Bangladesh">Concert for Bangladesh</a> benefit shows in New York.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodriguez201048–49-129">[126]</a> Harrison refused to allow Ono to participate at the concerts, however, which resulted in the couple having a heated argument and Lennon pulling out of the event.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman200144-130">[127]</a> Lennon and Ono moved to New York in August 1971 and immediately embraced US <a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics" title="Far-left politics">radical left politics</a>. The couple released their "<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>" single in December.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010f-131">[128]</a> During the new year, the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Nixon administration</a> took what it called a "strategic counter-measure" against Lennon's anti-war and anti-Nixon propaganda. The administration embarked on what would be a <a href="#Deportation_attempt">four-year attempt to deport him</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DeMain-132">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlenn2009-133">[130]</a> Lennon was embroiled in a continuing legal battle with the immigration authorities, and he was denied <a href="/wiki/Permanent_residence_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent residence (United States)">permanent residency in the US</a>; the issue would not be resolved until 1976.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener1990204-134">[131]</a> <a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Some Time in New York City</a> was recorded as a collaboration with Ono and was released in 1972 with backing from the New York band <a href="/wiki/Elephant%27s_Memory" title="Elephant's Memory">Elephant's Memory</a>. A double LP, it contained songs about women's rights, race relations, Britain's role in Northern Ireland and Lennon's difficulties in obtaining a green card.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2006a-135">[132]</a> The album was a commercial failure and was maligned by critics, who found its political sloganeering heavy-handed and relentless.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodriguez201095,_180–82-136">[133]</a> The <a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a>'s review took the form of an <a href="/wiki/Open_letter" title="Open letter">open letter</a> in which <a href="/wiki/Tony_Tyler" title="Tony Tyler">Tony Tyler</a> derided Lennon as a "pathetic, ageing revolutionary".<a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a> In the US, "<a href="/wiki/Woman_Is_the_Nigger_of_the_World" title="Woman Is the Nigger of the World">Woman Is the Nigger of the World</a>" was released as a single from the album and was televised on 11 May, on <a href="/wiki/The_Dick_Cavett_Show" title="The Dick Cavett Show">The Dick Cavett Show</a>. Many radio stations refused to broadcast the song because of the word "<a href="/wiki/Nigger" title="Nigger">nigger</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b979–980-138">[135]</a> Lennon and Ono gave two benefit concerts with Elephant's Memory and guests in New York in aid of patients at the <a href="/wiki/Willowbrook_State_School" title="Willowbrook State School">Willowbrook State School</a> mental facility.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman200181-139">[136]</a> Staged at <a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a> on 30 August 1972, they were his last full-length concert appearances.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodriguez201056–57-140">[137]</a> After <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">George McGovern</a> lost the 1972 presidential election to Richard Nixon, Lennon and Ono attended a post-election wake held in the New York home of activist <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rubin" title="Jerry Rubin">Jerry Rubin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DeMain-132">[129]</a> Lennon was depressed and got intoxicated; he left Ono embarrassed after he had sex with a female guest. Ono's song "<a href="/wiki/Death_of_Samantha_(song)" title="Death of Samantha (song)">Death of Samantha</a>" was inspired by the incident.<a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Lost_weekend":_1973–1975"> "Lost weekend": 1973–1975</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_last_television_interview_Tomorrow_show_1975.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/John_Lennon_last_television_interview_Tomorrow_show_1975.JPG/250px-John_Lennon_last_television_interview_Tomorrow_show_1975.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/John_Lennon_last_television_interview_Tomorrow_show_1975.JPG/330px-John_Lennon_last_television_interview_Tomorrow_show_1975.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/John_Lennon_last_television_interview_Tomorrow_show_1975.JPG/500px-John_Lennon_last_television_interview_Tomorrow_show_1975.JPG 2x" data-file-width="954" data-file-height="730" /></a><figcaption>Publicity photo of Lennon and host <a href="/wiki/Tom_Snyder" title="Tom Snyder">Tom Snyder</a> from the television programme <a href="/wiki/The_Tomorrow_Show" title="The Tomorrow Show">Tomorrow</a>. Aired in 1975, this was the last television interview Lennon gave before his death in 1980.</figcaption></figure> As Lennon was about to record <a href="/wiki/Mind_Games_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Mind Games (John Lennon album)">Mind Games</a> in 1973, he and Ono decided to separate. The ensuing 18-month period apart, which he later called his "lost weekend" in reference to the <a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Weekend_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lost Weekend (film)">film of the same name</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b698–699-142">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-InterviewMayPang-143">[140]</a> was spent in Los Angeles and New York City in the company of <a href="/wiki/May_Pang" title="May Pang">May Pang</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[141]</a> Mind Games, credited to the "Plastic U.F.Ono Band", was released in November 1973. Lennon also contributed "<a href="/wiki/I%27m_the_Greatest" title="I'm the Greatest">I'm the Greatest</a>" to Starr's album <a href="/wiki/Ringo_(album)" title="Ringo (album)">Ringo</a> (1973), released the same month. With Harrison joining Starr and Lennon at the recording session for the song, it marked the only occasion when three former Beatles recorded together between the band's break-up and Lennon's death.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson201297-145">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[nb 4]</a> In early 1974, Lennon was drinking heavily and his alcohol-fuelled antics with <a href="/wiki/Harry_Nilsson" title="Harry Nilsson">Harry Nilsson</a> made headlines. In March, two widely publicised incidents occurred at <a href="/wiki/Troubadour_(West_Hollywood,_California)" title="Troubadour (West Hollywood, California)">The Troubadour</a> club. In the first incident, Lennon stuck an unused <a href="/wiki/Menstrual_pad" title="Menstrual pad">menstrual pad</a> on his forehead and scuffled with a waitress. The second incident occurred two weeks later, when Lennon and Nilsson were ejected from the same club after heckling the <a href="/wiki/Smothers_Brothers" title="Smothers Brothers">Smothers Brothers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b927–929-148">[144]</a> Lennon decided to produce Nilsson's album <a href="/wiki/Pussy_Cats" title="Pussy Cats">Pussy Cats</a>, and Pang rented a Los Angeles beach house for all the musicians.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b735-149">[145]</a> After a month of further debauchery, the recording sessions were in chaos, and Lennon returned to New York with Pang to finish work on the album. In April, Lennon had produced the <a href="/wiki/Mick_Jagger" title="Mick Jagger">Mick Jagger</a> song "Too Many Cooks (Spoil the Soup)" which was, for contractual reasons, to remain unreleased for more than 30 years. Pang supplied the recording for its eventual inclusion on <a href="/wiki/The_Very_Best_of_Mick_Jagger" title="The Very Best of Mick Jagger">The Very Best of Mick Jagger</a> (2007).<a href="#cite_note-150">[146]</a> Lennon had settled back in New York when he recorded the album <a href="/wiki/Walls_and_Bridges" title="Walls and Bridges">Walls and Bridges</a>. Released in October 1974, it included "<a href="/wiki/Whatever_Gets_You_thru_the_Night" title="Whatever Gets You thru the Night">Whatever Gets You thru the Night</a>", which featured <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a> on backing vocals and piano, and became Lennon's only single as a solo artist to top the US <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Billboard Hot 100</a> chart during his lifetime.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman20011974-151">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[nb 5]</a> A second single from the album, "<a href="/wiki/Number_9_Dream" title="Number 9 Dream">#9 Dream</a>", followed before the end of the year. Starr's <a href="/wiki/Goodnight_Vienna" title="Goodnight Vienna">Goodnight Vienna</a> (1974) again saw assistance from Lennon, who wrote the title track and played piano.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b284-154">[149]</a> On 28 November, Lennon made a surprise guest appearance at Elton John's Thanksgiving concert at Madison Square Garden, in fulfilment of his promise to join the singer in a live show if "Whatever Gets You thru the Night", a song whose commercial potential Lennon had doubted, reached number one. Lennon performed the song along with "<a href="/wiki/Lucy_in_the_Sky_with_Diamonds" title="Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds">Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/I_Saw_Her_Standing_There" title="I Saw Her Standing There">I Saw Her Standing There</a>", which he introduced as "a song by an old estranged fiancé of mine called Paul".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b970-155">[150]</a> In the first two weeks of January 1975, Elton John topped the US <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Billboard Hot 100</a> singles chart with his cover of "<a href="/wiki/Lucy_in_the_Sky_with_Diamonds" title="Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds">Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds</a>", featuring Lennon on guitar and backing vocals - Lennon is credited on the single under the moniker of "Dr. Winston O'Boogie". As January became February, Lennon and Ono reunited as Lennon and Bowie completed recording of their co-composition "<a href="/wiki/Fame_(David_Bowie_song)" title="Fame (David Bowie song)">Fame</a>",<a href="#cite_note-auto-112">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECherry2022137-157">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[153]</a> which became <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a>'s first US number one, featuring guitar and backing vocals by Lennon. In February, Lennon released <a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Rock 'n' Roll (John Lennon album)">Rock 'n' Roll</a> (1975), an album of cover songs. "<a href="/wiki/Stand_by_Me_(Ben_E._King_song)" title="Stand by Me (Ben E. King song)">Stand by Me</a>", taken from the album and a US and UK hit, became his last single for five years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b240,_563-159">[154]</a> He made what would be his final stage appearance in the <a href="/wiki/Associated_TeleVision" class="mw-redirect" title="Associated TeleVision">ATV</a> special A Salute to <a href="/wiki/Lew_Grade" title="Lew Grade">Lew Grade</a>, recorded on 18 April and televised in June.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b758-160">[155]</a> Playing acoustic guitar and backed by an eight-piece band, Lennon performed two songs from Rock 'n' Roll ("Stand by Me", which was not broadcast, and "Slippin' and Slidin'") followed by "Imagine".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b758-160">[155]</a> The band, known as Etc., wore masks behind their heads, a dig by Lennon, who thought Grade was two-faced.<a href="#cite_note-161">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hiatus_and_return:_1975–1980">Hiatus and return: 1975–1980</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lennon%27s_Green_Card.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Lennon%27s_Green_Card.jpg/220px-Lennon%27s_Green_Card.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Lennon%27s_Green_Card.jpg/330px-Lennon%27s_Green_Card.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Lennon%27s_Green_Card.jpg/440px-Lennon%27s_Green_Card.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3699" data-file-height="2550" /></a><figcaption>Lennon's <a href="/wiki/Green_card" title="Green card">green card</a>, which allowed him to live and work in the United States</figcaption></figure> Lennon began what would be a five-year hiatus from the music industry, during which time, he later said, he "baked bread" and "looked after the baby".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff20004-162">[157]</a> He devoted himself to Sean, rising at 6 am daily to plan and prepare his meals and to spend time with him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b553-163">[158]</a> He wrote "Cookin' (In the Kitchen of Love)" for Starr's <a href="/wiki/Ringo%27s_Rotogravure" title="Ringo's Rotogravure">Ringo's Rotogravure</a> (1976), performing on the track in June in what would be his last recording session until 1980.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b166-164">[159]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Lennon</a>, Lennon's only child with Ono, was born on 9 October 1975 (Lennon's thirty-fifth birthday), after which Lennon took on the role of househusband. He formally announced his break from music in Tokyo in 1977, saying, "we have basically decided, without any great decision, to be with our baby as much as we can until we feel we can take time off to indulge ourselves in creating things outside of the family."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBennahum199187-165">[160]</a> During his career break he created several series of drawings, and drafted a book containing a mix of autobiographical material and what he termed "mad stuff",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b814-166">[161]</a> all of which would be published posthumously. Lennon emerged from his hiatus in October 1980, when he released the single "<a href="/wiki/(Just_Like)_Starting_Over" title="(Just Like) Starting Over">(Just Like) Starting Over</a>". In November, he and Ono released the album <a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a>, which included songs Lennon had written in <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>. In June, Lennon chartered a 43-foot sailboat and embarked on a sailing trip to Bermuda. En route, he and the crew encountered a storm, rendering everyone on board seasick, except Lennon, who took control and sailed the boat through the storm. This experience re-invigorated him and his creative muse. He spent three weeks in Bermuda in a home called Fairylands writing and refining the tracks for the upcoming album.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2006b-167">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[165]</a> The music reflected Lennon's fulfilment in his new-found stable family life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchinderSchwartz2007178-171">[166]</a> Sufficient additional material was recorded for a planned follow-up album <a href="/wiki/Milk_and_Honey_(album)" title="Milk and Honey (album)">Milk and Honey</a>, which was issued posthumously, in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGinell2009-172">[167]</a> Double Fantasy was not well received initially and drew comments such as <a href="/wiki/Melody_Maker" title="Melody Maker">Melody Maker</a>'s "indulgent sterility ... a godawful yawn".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman2001268-173">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Murder">Murder</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">Murder of John Lennon</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Strawberry_Fields_in_the_Central_Park_with_The_Dakota_behind.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Strawberry_Fields_in_the_Central_Park_with_The_Dakota_behind.jpg/250px-Strawberry_Fields_in_the_Central_Park_with_The_Dakota_behind.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Strawberry_Fields_in_the_Central_Park_with_The_Dakota_behind.jpg/330px-Strawberry_Fields_in_the_Central_Park_with_The_Dakota_behind.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Strawberry_Fields_in_the_Central_Park_with_The_Dakota_behind.jpg/500px-Strawberry_Fields_in_the_Central_Park_with_The_Dakota_behind.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2708" data-file-height="1956" /></a><figcaption>Wintertime at Strawberry Fields in <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a> with the Dakota in the background</figcaption></figure> In New York, at approximately 5:00 p.m. on 8 December 1980, Lennon autographed a copy of Double Fantasy for <a href="/wiki/Mark_David_Chapman" title="Mark David Chapman">Mark David Chapman</a> before leaving <a href="/wiki/The_Dakota" title="The Dakota">The Dakota</a> with Ono for a recording session at the <a href="/wiki/Record_Plant" title="Record Plant">Record Plant</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b145-174">[169]</a> After the session, Lennon and Ono returned to the Dakota in a limousine at around 10:50 p.m. (EST). They left the vehicle and walked through the archway of the building. Chapman then shot Lennon twice in the back and twice in the shoulder<a href="#cite_note-175">[170]</a> at close range. Lennon was rushed in a police cruiser to the emergency room of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai_West" title="Mount Sinai West">Roosevelt Hospital</a>, where he was pronounced dead on arrival at 11:15 p.m. (EST).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIngham200682-176">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[172]</a> Ono issued a statement the next day, saying "There is no funeral for John. Later in the week we will set the time for a silent vigil to pray for his soul. We invite you to participate from wherever you are at the time." She requested that instead of flowers, people could donate to Lennon's personal charitable foundation, the Spirit Foundation. "John loved and prayed for the human race. Please pray the same for him. Love. Yoko and Sean."<a href="#cite_note-178">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b692-179">[174]</a> His remains were <a href="/wiki/Cremation" title="Cremation">cremated</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ferncliff_Cemetery" title="Ferncliff Cemetery">Ferncliff Cemetery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hartsdale,_New_York" title="Hartsdale, New York">Hartsdale, New York</a>. Ono scattered his ashes in New York's <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_(memorial)" title="Strawberry Fields (memorial)">Strawberry Fields memorial</a> was later created.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b510-180">[175]</a> Chapman avoided going to trial when he ignored his lawyer's advice and pleaded guilty to second-degree murder and was sentenced to 20-years-to-life.<a href="#cite_note-181">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[nb 6]</a> In the weeks following the murder, "(Just Like) Starting Over" and Double Fantasy topped the charts in the UK and the US.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman2001277-184">[178]</a> "Imagine" hit number one in the UK in January 1981 and "Happy Xmas" peaked at number two.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman2001279-185">[179]</a> "Imagine" was succeeded at the top of the UK chart by "<a href="/wiki/Woman_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Woman (John Lennon song)">Woman</a>", the second single from Double Fantasy.<a href="#cite_note-186">[180]</a> Later that year, <a href="/wiki/Roxy_Music" title="Roxy Music">Roxy Music</a>'s cover version of "<a href="/wiki/Jealous_Guy#Roxy_Music_version" title="Jealous Guy">Jealous Guy</a>", recorded as a tribute to Lennon, was also a UK number-one.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b411-24">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_relationships">Personal relationships</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cynthia_Lennon">Cynthia Lennon</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_and_Cynthia_Lennon,_1964.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/John_and_Cynthia_Lennon%2C_1964.jpg/250px-John_and_Cynthia_Lennon%2C_1964.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/John_and_Cynthia_Lennon%2C_1964.jpg/330px-John_and_Cynthia_Lennon%2C_1964.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/John_and_Cynthia_Lennon%2C_1964.jpg/500px-John_and_Cynthia_Lennon%2C_1964.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4888" data-file-height="4888" /></a><figcaption>John and <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lennon" title="Cynthia Lennon">Cynthia Lennon</a> sitting in an airplane on a stopover in Los Angeles in 1964</figcaption></figure> Lennon met <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Powell" class="mw-redirect" title="Cynthia Powell">Cynthia Powell</a> (1939–2015) in 1957, when they were fellow students at the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_College_of_Art" title="Liverpool College of Art">Liverpool College of Art</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200517–23-187">[181]</a> Although Powell was intimidated by Lennon's attitude and appearance, she heard that he was obsessed with the French actress <a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Bardot" title="Brigitte Bardot">Brigitte Bardot</a>, so she dyed her hair blonde. Lennon asked her out, but when she said that she was engaged, he shouted, "I didn't ask you to fuckin' marry me, did I?"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200521-188">[182]</a> She often accompanied him to Quarrymen gigs and travelled to Hamburg with McCartney's girlfriend to visit him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200589–95-189">[183]</a> Lennon was jealous by nature and eventually grew possessive, often terrifying Powell with his anger.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b492–493-190">[184]</a> In her 2005 memoir <a href="/wiki/John_(2005_book)" title="John (2005 book)">John</a>, Powell recalled that, when they were dating, Lennon once struck her after he observed her dancing with Stuart Sutcliffe.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200537-191">[185]</a> She ended their relationship as a result, until three months later, when Lennon apologised and asked to reunite.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"After_three_months,_he_phoned_me_and_asked_me_to_go_back_to_him._It_had_taken_him_that_long_to_pluck_up_the_courage._He_apologized_for_hitting_me_and_said_it_would_never_happen_again"_192-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"After_three_months,_he_phoned_me_and_asked_me_to_go_back_to_him._It_had_taken_him_that_long_to_pluck_up_the_courage._He_apologized_for_hitting_me_and_said_it_would_never_happen_again"-192">[186]</a> She took him back and later noted that he was never again physically abusive towards her, although he could still be "verbally cutting and unkind".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"He_was_deeply_ashamed_of_what_he_had_done:_I_think_he_had_been_shocked_to_discover_he_had_it_in_him_to_hit_me._So,_although_he_was_still_verbally_cutting_and_unkind,_he_was_never_again_physically_violent_to_me._As_we_grew_closer,_in_the_second_phase_of_our_romance,_even_his_verbal_putdowns_and_attacks_diminished"_193-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"He_was_deeply_ashamed_of_what_he_had_done:_I_think_he_had_been_shocked_to_discover_he_had_it_in_him_to_hit_me._So,_although_he_was_still_verbally_cutting_and_unkind,_he_was_never_again_physically_violent_to_me._As_we_grew_closer,_in_the_second_phase_of_our_romance,_even_his_verbal_putdowns_and_attacks_diminished"-193">[187]</a> Lennon later said that until he met Ono, he had never questioned his chauvinistic attitude towards women. He said that the Beatles song "<a href="/wiki/Getting_Better" title="Getting Better">Getting Better</a>" told his (or his peers') own story. "I used to be cruel to my woman, and physically – any woman. I was a hitter. I couldn't express myself and I hit. I fought men and I hit women. That is why I am always on about peace".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff2000182-194">[188]</a> Recalling his July 1962 reaction when he learned that Cynthia was pregnant, Lennon said, "There's only one thing for it Cyn. We'll have to get married."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200591-195">[189]</a> The couple wed on 23 August at the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Liverpool" title="Mount Pleasant, Liverpool">Mount Pleasant</a> <a href="/wiki/Register_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Register Office">Register Office</a> in Liverpool, with Brian Epstein serving as best man. His marriage began just as <a href="/wiki/Beatlemania_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatlemania in the United Kingdom">Beatlemania</a> was taking off across the UK. He performed on the evening of his wedding day and would continue to do so almost daily from then on.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b493–495-196">[190]</a> Epstein feared that fans would be alienated by the idea of a married Beatle, and he asked the Lennons to keep their marriage secret. Julian was born on 8 April 1963; Lennon was on tour at the time and did not see his infant son until three days later.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005113-197">[191]</a> Cynthia attributed the start of the marriage breakdown to Lennon's use of <a href="/wiki/LSD" title="LSD">LSD</a>, and she felt that he slowly lost interest in her as a result of his use of the drug.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b496–497-198">[192]</a> When the group travelled by train to <a href="/wiki/Bangor,_Gwynedd" title="Bangor, Gwynedd">Bangor</a>, Wales in 1967 for the <a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Yogi" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharishi Yogi">Maharishi Yogi</a>'s Transcendental Meditation seminar, a policeman did not recognise her and stopped her from boarding. She later recalled how the incident seemed to symbolise the end of their marriage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWarner_Brothers1988-199">[193]</a> After spending a holiday in Greece,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005211–213-200">[194]</a> Cynthia arrived home at <a href="/wiki/Kenwood,_St._George%27s_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenwood, St. George's Hill">Kenwood</a> to find Lennon sitting on the floor with Ono in terrycloth robes<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005213-201">[195]</a> and left the house to stay with friends, feeling shocked and humiliated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005214–215:_"I_was_in_shock,_[...]_It_was_clear_that_they_had_arranged_for_me_to_find_them_like_that_and_the_cruelty_of_John's_betrayal_was_hard_to_absorb",_"I_felt_utterly_humiliated,_and_longed_to_disappear._[...]_Their_intimacy_had_been_so_powerful_that_I_had_felt_like_a_stranger_in_my_own_home"_202-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005214–215:_"I_was_in_shock,_[...]_It_was_clear_that_they_had_arranged_for_me_to_find_them_like_that_and_the_cruelty_of_John's_betrayal_was_hard_to_absorb",_"I_felt_utterly_humiliated,_and_longed_to_disappear._[...]_Their_intimacy_had_been_so_powerful_that_I_had_felt_like_a_stranger_in_my_own_home"-202">[196]</a> A few weeks later, <a href="/wiki/Magic_Alex" title="Magic Alex">Alexis Mardas</a> informed Powell that Lennon was seeking a divorce and custody of Julian.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005221-203">[197]</a> She received a letter stating that Lennon was doing so on the grounds of her adultery with Italian hotelier Roberto Bassanini, an accusation which Powell denied.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005222:_"It_was_laughable._Roberto_had_been_kind_and_a_good_friend,_but_I_had_never_been_unfaithful_to_John._It_was_his_attempt_to_make_himself_feel_better_about_what_he_was_doing"_204-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005222:_"It_was_laughable._Roberto_had_been_kind_and_a_good_friend,_but_I_had_never_been_unfaithful_to_John._It_was_his_attempt_to_make_himself_feel_better_about_what_he_was_doing"-204">[198]</a> After negotiations, Lennon capitulated and agreed to let her divorce him on the same grounds (adultery).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005229-205">[199]</a> The case was settled out of court in November 1968, with Lennon giving her £100,000, a small annual payment, and custody of Julian.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005305–306:_"He_had_agreed_that_I_should_have_custody_of_Julian",_"He_raised_his_offer_to_£100,_000"-206">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brian_Epstein">Brian Epstein</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aankomst_Brian_Epstein_(manager_Beatles)_op_Schiphol_(Grand_Gala_du_Disque_1965),_Bestanddeelnr_918-2516_ShiftN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Aankomst_Brian_Epstein_%28manager_Beatles%29_op_Schiphol_%28Grand_Gala_du_Disque_1965%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_918-2516_ShiftN.jpg/250px-Aankomst_Brian_Epstein_%28manager_Beatles%29_op_Schiphol_%28Grand_Gala_du_Disque_1965%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_918-2516_ShiftN.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Aankomst_Brian_Epstein_%28manager_Beatles%29_op_Schiphol_%28Grand_Gala_du_Disque_1965%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_918-2516_ShiftN.jpg/330px-Aankomst_Brian_Epstein_%28manager_Beatles%29_op_Schiphol_%28Grand_Gala_du_Disque_1965%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_918-2516_ShiftN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Aankomst_Brian_Epstein_%28manager_Beatles%29_op_Schiphol_%28Grand_Gala_du_Disque_1965%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_918-2516_ShiftN.jpg/500px-Aankomst_Brian_Epstein_%28manager_Beatles%29_op_Schiphol_%28Grand_Gala_du_Disque_1965%29%2C_Bestanddeelnr_918-2516_ShiftN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brian_Epstein" title="Brian Epstein">Brian Epstein</a> in 1965</figcaption></figure> The Beatles were performing at Liverpool's <a href="/wiki/The_Cavern_Club" title="The Cavern Club">Cavern Club</a> in November 1961 when they were introduced to <a href="/wiki/Brian_Epstein" title="Brian Epstein">Brian Epstein</a> after a midday concert. Epstein was homosexual and <a href="/wiki/Closeted" title="Closeted">closeted</a>, and according to biographer <a href="/wiki/Philip_Norman_(author)" title="Philip Norman (author)">Philip Norman</a>, one of Epstein's reasons for wanting to manage the group was that he was attracted to Lennon.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Later biographer <a href="/wiki/Mark_Lewisohn" title="Mark Lewisohn">Mark Lewisohn</a> called the claim unsubstantiated and wrote: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">Suggestions that it was only homoerotic fantasy that drew Brian Epstein to the Beatles are distortion ... and perform a malign disservice to both him and them. It may have been part of the mix, but he was, above all else, simply the latest in an ever-lengthening line of people seduced by the Beatles' singular mix of talents.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn2013-207">[201]</a></blockquote> Almost as soon as Julian was born, Lennon went on holiday to Spain with Epstein, which led to speculation about their relationship. When he was later questioned about it, Lennon said, "Well, it was almost a love affair, but not quite. It was never consummated. But it was a pretty intense relationship. It was my first experience with a homosexual that I was conscious was homosexual. We used to sit in a café in <a href="/wiki/Torremolinos" title="Torremolinos">Torremolinos</a> looking at all the boys and I'd say, 'Do you like that one? Do you like this one?' I was rather enjoying the experience, thinking like a writer all the time: I am experiencing this."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a232-208">[202]</a> Soon after their return from Spain, at McCartney's twenty-first birthday party in June 1963, Lennon physically attacked Cavern Club master of ceremonies <a href="/wiki/Bob_Wooler" title="Bob Wooler">Bob Wooler</a> for saying "How was your honeymoon, John?" The MC, known for his wordplay and affectionate but cutting remarks, was making a joke,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a1165,_1169-209">[203]</a> but ten months had passed since Lennon's marriage, and the deferred honeymoon was still two months in the future.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200594,_119–120-210">[204]</a> Lennon was drunk. He later said: "He called me a <a href="/wiki/Queer" title="Queer">queer</a> so I battered his bloody ribs in."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a1169-211">[205]</a> Lennon delighted in mocking Epstein for his homosexuality and for the fact that he was Jewish.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b232-212">[206]</a> When Epstein invited suggestions for the title of his autobiography, Lennon offered Queer Jew; on learning of the eventual title, <a href="/wiki/A_Cellarful_of_Noise" title="A Cellarful of Noise">A Cellarful of Noise</a>, he parodied, "More like A Cellarful of Boys".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992298–299-213">[207]</a> He demanded of a visitor to Epstein's flat, "Have you come to blackmail him? If not, you're the only bugger in London who hasn't."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b232-212">[206]</a> During the recording of "<a href="/wiki/Baby,_You%27re_a_Rich_Man" title="Baby, You're a Rich Man">Baby, You're a Rich Man</a>", he sang altered choruses of "Baby, you're a rich fag Jew".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorman2008503-214">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005206-215">[209]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Julian_Lennon">Julian Lennon</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Julian_Lennon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Julian_Lennon.jpg/170px-Julian_Lennon.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Julian_Lennon.jpg/255px-Julian_Lennon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Julian_Lennon.jpg/340px-Julian_Lennon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="1348" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon" title="Julian Lennon">Julian Lennon</a> at the unveiling of the John Lennon Peace Monument</figcaption></figure> During his marriage to Cynthia, Lennon's first son <a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon" title="Julian Lennon">Julian</a> was born at the same time that his commitments with the Beatles were intensifying at the height of <a href="/wiki/Beatlemania_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatlemania in the United Kingdom">Beatlemania</a>. Lennon was touring with the Beatles when Julian was born on 8 April 1963. Julian's birth, like his mother Cynthia's marriage to Lennon, was kept secret because Epstein was convinced that public knowledge of such things would threaten the Beatles' commercial success. Julian recalled that as a small child in <a href="/wiki/Weybridge" title="Weybridge">Weybridge</a> some four years later, "I was trundled home from school and came walking up with one of my watercolour paintings. It was just a bunch of stars and this blonde girl I knew at school. And Dad said, 'What's this?' I said, 'It's Lucy in the sky with diamonds.'"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b517-216">[210]</a> Lennon used it as the title of a <a href="/wiki/Lucy_in_the_Sky_with_Diamonds" title="Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds">Beatles song</a>, and though it was later reported to have been derived from the initials <a href="/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide" class="mw-redirect" title="Lysergic acid diethylamide">LSD</a>, Lennon insisted, "It's not an acid song."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b574-217">[211]</a> Lennon was distant from Julian, who felt closer to McCartney than to his father. During a car journey to visit Cynthia and Julian during Lennon's divorce, McCartney composed a song, "Hey Jules", to comfort him. It would evolve into the Beatles song "<a href="/wiki/Hey_Jude" title="Hey Jude">Hey Jude</a>". Lennon later said, "That's his best song. It started off as a song about my son Julian ... he turned it into 'Hey Jude'. I always thought it was about me and Yoko but he said it wasn't."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b341-218">[212]</a> Lennon's relationship with Julian was already strained, and after Lennon and Ono moved to New York in 1971, Julian did not see his father again until 1973.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPang2008back_cover-219">[213]</a> With Pang's encouragement, arrangements were made for Julian and his mother to visit Lennon in Los Angeles, where they went to <a href="/wiki/Disneyland" title="Disneyland">Disneyland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005252–255-220">[214]</a> Julian started to see his father regularly, and Lennon gave him a drumming part on a <a href="/wiki/Walls_and_Bridges" title="Walls and Bridges">Walls and Bridges</a> track.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005258-221">[215]</a> He bought Julian a <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Les_Paul" title="Gibson Les Paul">Gibson Les Paul</a> guitar and other instruments, and encouraged his interest in music by demonstrating guitar chord techniques.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005258-221">[215]</a> Julian recalls that he and his father "got on a great deal better" during the time he spent in New York: "We had a lot of fun, laughed a lot and had a great time in general."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETimes_Online2009-222">[216]</a> In a Playboy interview with David Sheff shortly before his death, Lennon said, "Sean is a planned child, and therein lies the difference. I don't love Julian any less as a child. He's still my son, whether he came from a bottle of whiskey or because they didn't have pills in those days. He's here, he belongs to me, and he always will."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff200063-223">[217]</a> He said he was trying to reestablish a connection with the then 17-year-old, and confidently predicted, "Julian and I will have a relationship in the future."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff200063-223">[217]</a> After his death it was revealed that he had left Julian very little in his will.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman2003393-224">[218]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yoko_Ono">Yoko Ono</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"John and Yoko" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/John_and_Yoko_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="John and Yoko (disambiguation)">John and Yoko (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lennons_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lennons_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/250px-Lennons_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lennons_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/330px-Lennons_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lennons_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/500px-Lennons_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>Lennon and Ono in 1980 by <a href="/wiki/Jack_Mitchell_(photographer)" title="Jack Mitchell (photographer)">Jack Mitchell</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_en_zijn_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_op_huwelijksreis_in_Amsterdam._John_Lenn,_Bestanddeelnr_922-2305.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/John_Lennon_en_zijn_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_op_huwelijksreis_in_Amsterdam._John_Lenn%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2305.jpg/330px-John_Lennon_en_zijn_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_op_huwelijksreis_in_Amsterdam._John_Lenn%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2305.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/John_Lennon_en_zijn_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_op_huwelijksreis_in_Amsterdam._John_Lenn%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2305.jpg/500px-John_Lennon_en_zijn_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_op_huwelijksreis_in_Amsterdam._John_Lenn%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2305.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/John_Lennon_en_zijn_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_op_huwelijksreis_in_Amsterdam._John_Lenn%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2305.jpg/960px-John_Lennon_en_zijn_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_op_huwelijksreis_in_Amsterdam._John_Lenn%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2305.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3678" data-file-height="2428" /></a><figcaption>Lennon with Ono in 1969</figcaption></figure> Lennon first met Yoko Ono on 9 November 1966 at the <a href="/wiki/Indica_Gallery" title="Indica Gallery">Indica Gallery</a> in London, where Ono was preparing her conceptual art exhibit. They were introduced by gallery owner <a href="/wiki/John_Dunbar_(artist)" title="John Dunbar (artist)">John Dunbar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b682-225">[219]</a> Lennon was intrigued by Ono's "Hammer A Nail": patrons hammered a nail into a wooden board, creating the art piece. Although the exhibition had not yet begun, Lennon wanted to hammer a nail into the clean board, but Ono stopped him. Dunbar asked her, "Don't you know who this is? He's a millionaire! He might buy it." According to Lennon's recollection in 1980, Ono had not heard of the Beatles, but she relented on condition that Lennon pay her five <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/shilling" class="extiw" title="wikt:shilling">shillings</a>, to which Lennon said he replied, "I'll give you an imaginary five shillings and hammer an imaginary nail in."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff2000104-226">[220]</a> Ono subsequently related that Lennon had taken a bite out of the apple on display in her work <a href="/wiki/Apple_(artwork)" title="Apple (artwork)">Apple</a>, much to her fury.<a href="#cite_note-MOMA-227">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-230">[nb 7]</a> Ono began to telephone and visit Lennon at his home. When Cynthia asked him for an explanation, Lennon explained that Ono was only trying to obtain money for her "avant-garde bullshit".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b683-231">[224]</a> While his wife was on holiday in Greece in May 1968, Lennon invited Ono to visit. They spent the night recording what would become the <a href="/wiki/Two_Virgins" class="mw-redirect" title="Two Virgins">Two Virgins</a> album, after which, he said, they "made love at dawn".<a href="#cite_note-232">[225]</a> When Lennon's wife returned home she found Ono wearing her bathrobe and drinking tea with Lennon who simply said, "Oh, hi."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon1978183-233">[226]</a> Ono became pregnant in 1968 and miscarried a male child on 21 November 1968,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b510-180">[175]</a> a few weeks after Lennon's divorce from Cynthia was granted.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005800-234">[227]</a> Two years before the Beatles disbanded, Lennon and Ono began public protests against the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. They were married in <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> on 20 March 1969,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992705-235">[228]</a> and spent their honeymoon at the <a href="/wiki/Hilton_Amsterdam" title="Hilton Amsterdam">Hilton Amsterdam</a>, campaigning with a week-long bed-in. They planned another bed-in in the United States, but were denied entry,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKruse200916-236">[229]</a> so held one instead at the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Hotel" title="Queen Elizabeth Hotel">Queen Elizabeth Hotel</a> in Montreal, where they recorded "<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b276-237">[230]</a> They often combined advocacy with performance art, as in their "<a href="/wiki/Bagism" title="Bagism">Bagism</a>", first introduced during a Vienna press conference. Lennon detailed this period in the Beatles song "<a href="/wiki/The_Ballad_of_John_and_Yoko" title="The Ballad of John and Yoko">The Ballad of John and Yoko</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992550-238">[231]</a> Lennon changed his name by <a href="/wiki/Deed_poll" title="Deed poll">deed poll</a> on 22 April 1969, adding "Ono" as a middle name. The brief ceremony took place on the roof of the <a href="/wiki/Apple_Corps" title="Apple Corps">Apple Corps</a> building, where the Beatles had performed <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_rooftop_concert" title="The Beatles' rooftop concert">their rooftop concert</a> three months earlier. Although he used the name John Ono Lennon thereafter, some official documents referred to him as John Winston Ono Lennon.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984b64-2">[2]</a> The couple settled at <a href="/wiki/Tittenhurst_Park" title="Tittenhurst Park">Tittenhurst Park</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sunninghill,_Berkshire" title="Sunninghill, Berkshire">Sunninghill</a> in <a href="/wiki/Berkshire" title="Berkshire">Berkshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorman2008615_et_seq-239">[232]</a> After Ono was injured in a car accident, Lennon arranged for a king-size bed to be brought to the recording studio as he worked on the Beatles' album, <a href="/wiki/Abbey_Road" title="Abbey Road">Abbey Road</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEmerickMassey2006279–280-240">[233]</a> Ono and Lennon moved to New York, to a flat on <a href="/wiki/Bank_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Bank Street (Manhattan)">Bank Street</a>, Greenwich Village. Looking for somewhere with better security, they relocated in 1973 to the more secure <a href="/wiki/The_Dakota" title="The Dakota">Dakota</a> overlooking <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a> at 1 West <a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd Street</a>.<a href="#cite_note-241">[234]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="May_Pang">May Pang</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:May_Pang,_Famous_Music.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Picture of an Asian woman in her thirties sitting on a table" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/May_Pang%2C_Famous_Music.jpg/250px-May_Pang%2C_Famous_Music.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/May_Pang%2C_Famous_Music.jpg/330px-May_Pang%2C_Famous_Music.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/May_Pang%2C_Famous_Music.jpg/500px-May_Pang%2C_Famous_Music.jpg 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="998" /></a><figcaption>May Pang in 1983</figcaption></figure> ABKCO Industries was formed in 1968 by <a href="/wiki/Allen_Klein" title="Allen Klein">Allen Klein</a> as an umbrella company to <a href="/wiki/ABKCO_Records" title="ABKCO Records">ABKCO Records</a>. Klein hired <a href="/wiki/May_Pang" title="May Pang">May Pang</a> as a receptionist in 1969. Through involvement in a project with ABKCO, Lennon and Ono met her the following year. She became their personal assistant. In 1973, after she had been working with the couple for three years, Ono confided that she and Lennon were becoming estranged. She went on to suggest that Pang should begin a physical relationship with Lennon, telling her, "He likes you a lot." Astounded by Ono's proposition, Pang nevertheless agreed to become Lennon's companion. The pair soon left for Los Angeles, beginning an 18-month period he later called his "<a href="/wiki/May_Pang#"Lost_Weekend"" title="May Pang">lost weekend</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b698–699-142">[139]</a> In Los Angeles, Pang encouraged Lennon to develop regular contact with Julian, whom he had not seen for two years. He also rekindled friendships with Starr, McCartney, Beatles roadie <a href="/wiki/Mal_Evans" title="Mal Evans">Mal Evans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Nilsson" title="Harry Nilsson">Harry Nilsson</a>. In June, Lennon and Pang returned to Manhattan in their newly rented penthouse apartment where they prepared a spare room for Julian when he visited them.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b700-242">[235]</a> Lennon, who had been inhibited by Ono in this regard, began to reestablish contact with other relatives and friends. By December, he and Pang were considering a house purchase, and he refused to accept Ono's telephone calls. In February 1975, he agreed to meet Ono, who claimed to have found a cure for smoking. After the meeting, he failed to return home or call Pang. When Pang telephoned the next day, Ono told her that Lennon was unavailable because he was exhausted after a hypnotherapy session. Two days later, Lennon reappeared at a joint dental appointment; he was stupefied and confused to such an extent that Pang believed he had been brainwashed. Lennon told Pang that his separation from Ono was now over, although Ono would allow him to continue seeing her as his <a href="/wiki/Mistress_(lover)" title="Mistress (lover)">mistress</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b700–701-243">[236]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sean_Lennon">Sean Lennon</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sean_Lennon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sean_Lennon.jpg/170px-Sean_Lennon.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sean_Lennon.jpg/255px-Sean_Lennon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Sean_Lennon.jpg/340px-Sean_Lennon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2324" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Lennon</a> at a <a href="/wiki/Free_Tibet" title="Free Tibet">Free Tibet</a> event in 1998</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Ono Lennon</a> was born on 9 October 1975, his father's 35th birthday. Ono had previously suffered three <a href="/wiki/Miscarriage" title="Miscarriage">miscarriages</a> in her attempt to have a child with Lennon. After Ono and Lennon were reunited, she became pregnant again. She initially said that she wanted to have an abortion but changed her mind and agreed to allow the pregnancy to continue on the condition that Lennon adopt the role of <a href="/wiki/Househusband" class="mw-redirect" title="Househusband">househusband</a>, which he agreed to do.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b535,_690-244">[237]</a> Following Sean's birth, Lennon's subsequent hiatus from the music industry would span five years. He had a photographer take pictures of Sean every day of his first year and created numerous drawings for him, which were posthumously published as Real Love: The Drawings for Sean. Lennon later proudly declared, "He didn't come out of my belly but, by God, I made his bones, because I've attended to every meal, and to how he sleeps, and to the fact that he swims like a fish."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b535-245">[238]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_Beatles">Former Beatles</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Collaborations_between_ex-Beatles" title="Collaborations between ex-Beatles">Collaborations between ex-Beatles</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Black-and-white picture of four young men outdoors in front of a staircase, surrounded by a large assembled crowd. All four are waving to the crowd." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg/250px-The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg/330px-The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg/500px-The_Beatles_arrive_at_JFK_Airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3578" data-file-height="2526" /></a><figcaption>Lennon (left) and the rest of the Beatles <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles#First_visit_to_United_States_and_British_Invasion" title="The Beatles">arriving in New York City in 1964</a></figcaption></figure> While Lennon remained consistently friendly with Starr during the years that followed the Beatles' break-up in 1970, his relationships with McCartney and Harrison varied. He was initially close to Harrison, but the two drifted apart after Lennon moved to the US in 1971. When Harrison was in New York for his December 1974 <a href="/wiki/Dark_Horse_(George_Harrison_album)" title="Dark Horse (George Harrison album)">Dark Horse</a> tour, Lennon agreed to join him on stage but failed to appear after an argument over Lennon's refusal to sign an agreement that would finally dissolve the Beatles' legal partnership.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b195-246">[239]</a><a href="#cite_note-247">[nb 8]</a> Harrison later said that when he visited Lennon during his five years away from music, he sensed that Lennon was trying to communicate, but his bond with Ono prevented him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoggett2010247–48-248">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Editors_of_''Rolling_Stone''2002146-249">[241]</a> Harrison offended Lennon in 1980 when he published <a href="/wiki/I,_Me,_Mine" title="I, Me, Mine">I, Me, Mine</a>, an autobiography that Lennon felt made little mention of him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETillery2011121-250">[242]</a> Lennon told <a href="/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy">Playboy</a>, "I was hurt by it. By glaring omission ... my influence on his life is absolutely zilch ... he remembers every two-bit sax player or guitarist he met in subsequent years. I'm not in the book."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b327-251">[243]</a> Lennon's most intense feelings were reserved for McCartney. In addition to attacking him with the lyrics of "<a href="/wiki/How_Do_You_Sleep%3F_(John_Lennon_song)" title="How Do You Sleep? (John Lennon song)">How Do You Sleep?</a>", Lennon argued with him through the press for three years after the group split. The two later began to reestablish something of the close friendship they had once known, and, on one occasion in 1974, even recorded music together (later bootlegged as <a href="/wiki/A_Toot_and_a_Snore_in_%2774" title="A Toot and a Snore in '74">A Toot and a Snore in '74</a>) before eventually growing apart once more. During McCartney's final visit in April 1976, Lennon said that they watched the episode of <a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live" title="Saturday Night Live">Saturday Night Live</a> in which <a href="/wiki/Lorne_Michaels" title="Lorne Michaels">Lorne Michaels</a> made a $3,000 offer to get the Beatles to reunite on the show.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b934–935-252">[244]</a> According to Lennon, the pair considered going to the studio to make a joke appearance, attempting to claim their share of the money, but they were too tired.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff200081–82-253">[245]</a> Lennon summarised his feelings towards McCartney in an interview three days before his death: "Throughout my career, I've selected to work with ... only two people: Paul McCartney and Yoko Ono ... That ain't bad picking."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohn2010–201195-254">[246]</a> Along with his estrangement from McCartney, Lennon always felt a musical competitiveness with him and kept an ear on his music. During his career break from 1975 until shortly before his death, according to Fred Seaman, Lennon and Ono's assistant at the time, Lennon was content to sit back as long as McCartney was producing what Lennon saw as mediocre material.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeaman1991122-255">[247]</a> Lennon took notice when McCartney released "<a href="/wiki/Coming_Up_(song)" title="Coming Up (song)">Coming Up</a>" in 1980, which was the year Lennon returned to the studio. "It's driving me crackers!" he jokingly complained, because he could not get the tune out of his head.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeaman1991122-255">[247]</a> That same year, Lennon was asked whether the group were dreaded enemies or the best of friends, and he replied that they were neither, and that he had not seen any of them in a long time. But he also said, "I still love those guys. The Beatles are over, but John, Paul, George and Ringo go on."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff200082-256">[248]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_activism">Political activism</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">Bed-in</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bagism" title="Bagism">Bagism</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_performing_Give_Peace_a_Chance_1969.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Lennon and Ono sit in front of flowers and placards bearing the word "peace". Lennon is only partly visible, and he holds an acoustic guitar. Ono wears a white dress, and there is a hanging microphone in front of her. In the foreground of the image are three men, one of them a guitarist facing away, and a woman." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/John_Lennon_performing_Give_Peace_a_Chance_1969.jpg/220px-John_Lennon_performing_Give_Peace_a_Chance_1969.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/John_Lennon_performing_Give_Peace_a_Chance_1969.jpg/330px-John_Lennon_performing_Give_Peace_a_Chance_1969.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/John_Lennon_performing_Give_Peace_a_Chance_1969.jpg/440px-John_Lennon_performing_Give_Peace_a_Chance_1969.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Recording "<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>" during the bed-in at the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Hotel" title="Queen Elizabeth Hotel">Queen Elizabeth Hotel</a>, Montreal</figcaption></figure> Lennon and Ono used their <a href="/wiki/Honeymoon" title="Honeymoon">honeymoon</a> as a bed-in at the <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Hilton_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Amsterdam Hilton Hotel">Amsterdam Hilton Hotel</a>; the March 1969 event attracted worldwide media ridicule.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles2001337:_"They_were_ridiculed_by_the_world's_media"-257">[249]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson201083:_"The_bed-in_stunt_was_ridiculed_by_the_press"-258">[250]</a> During a second bed-in three months later at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b745–748-259">[251]</a> Lennon wrote and recorded "Give Peace a Chance". Released as a single, the song was quickly interpreted as an anti-war anthem and sung by a quarter of a million demonstrators against the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> in Washington, DC, on 15 November, the second <a href="/wiki/Moratorium_to_End_the_War_in_Vietnam" title="Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam">Vietnam Moratorium Day</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerone200157–58-97">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolsinger1999389-260">[252]</a> In December, they paid for billboards in 10 cities around the world which declared, in the national language, "War Is Over! If You Want It".<a href="#cite_note-261">[253]</a> During the year, Lennon and Ono began to support efforts by the family of <a href="/wiki/James_Hanratty" title="James Hanratty">James Hanratty</a> to prove his innocence.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWenner200043-262">[254]</a> Hanratty had been hanged in 1962. According to Lennon, those who had condemned Hanratty were "the same people who are running guns to South Africa and killing blacks in the streets ... The same bastards are in control, the same people are running everything, it's the whole bullshit bourgeois scene."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClark2002-263">[255]</a> In London, Lennon and Ono staged a "Britain Murdered Hanratty" banner march and a "Silent Protest For James Hanratty",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles2001362-264">[256]</a> and produced a 40-minute documentary on the case. At an <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_(England_and_Wales)" title="Court of Appeal (England and Wales)">appeal hearing</a> more than thirty years later, Hanratty's conviction was upheld after <a href="/wiki/DNA_evidence" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA evidence">DNA evidence</a> was found to match, validating those who condemned him.<a href="#cite_note-265">[257]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yoko_Ono_and_John_Lennon_at_John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Yoko_Ono_and_John_Lennon_at_John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally.jpg/220px-Yoko_Ono_and_John_Lennon_at_John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Yoko_Ono_and_John_Lennon_at_John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally.jpg/330px-Yoko_Ono_and_John_Lennon_at_John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Yoko_Ono_and_John_Lennon_at_John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally.jpg/440px-Yoko_Ono_and_John_Lennon_at_John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3792" data-file-height="2858" /></a><figcaption>Lennon and Ono performing at the <a href="/wiki/John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally" title="John Sinclair Freedom Rally">John Sinclair Freedom Rally</a> in December 1971</figcaption></figure> Lennon and Ono showed their solidarity with the <a href="/wiki/Clydeside" class="mw-redirect" title="Clydeside">Clydeside</a> <a href="/wiki/Upper_Clyde_Shipbuilders" title="Upper Clyde Shipbuilders">UCS</a> workers' <a href="/wiki/Work-in" title="Work-in">work-in</a> of 1971 by sending a bouquet of red roses and a cheque for £5,000.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGinty2010-266">[258]</a> On moving to New York City in August that year, they befriended two of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Seven" title="Chicago Seven">Chicago Seven</a>, <a href="/wiki/Youth_International_Party" title="Youth International Party">Yippie</a> peace activists <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rubin" title="Jerry Rubin">Jerry Rubin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abbie_Hoffman" title="Abbie Hoffman">Abbie Hoffman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b344-267">[259]</a> Another political activist, <a href="/wiki/John_Sinclair_(poet)" title="John Sinclair (poet)">John Sinclair</a>, poet and co-founder of the <a href="/wiki/White_Panther_Party" title="White Panther Party">White Panther Party</a>, was serving ten years in prison for selling two <a href="/wiki/Joint_(cannabis)" title="Joint (cannabis)">joints</a> of marijuana after previous convictions for possession of the drug.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuchanan2009-268">[260]</a> In December 1971 at <a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor, Michigan</a>, 15,000 people attended the "<a href="/wiki/John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally" title="John Sinclair Freedom Rally">John Sinclair Freedom Rally</a>", a protest and benefit concert with contributions from Lennon, <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Seger" title="Bob Seger">Bob Seger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Seale" title="Bobby Seale">Bobby Seale</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party">Black Panther Party</a>, and others.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b789–790,_812–813-269">[261]</a> Lennon and Ono, backed by <a href="/wiki/David_Peel_(musician)" title="David Peel (musician)">David Peel</a> and Jerry Rubin, performed an acoustic set of four songs from their forthcoming Some Time in New York City album including "John Sinclair", whose lyrics called for his release. The day before the rally, the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_Senate" title="Michigan Senate">Michigan Senate</a> passed a bill that significantly reduced the penalties for possession of marijuana and four days later Sinclair was released on an appeal bond.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlenn2009-133">[130]</a> The performance was recorded and two of the tracks later appeared on <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Anthology" title="John Lennon Anthology">John Lennon Anthology</a> (1998).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECalkin2002-270">[262]</a> Following the <a href="/wiki/Bloody_Sunday_(1972)" title="Bloody Sunday (1972)">Bloody Sunday</a> incident in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> in 1972, Lennon said that given the choice between the British army and the <a href="/wiki/Official_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Official Irish Republican Army">IRA</a> he would side with the latter. Lennon and Ono wrote two songs protesting British presence and actions in Ireland for their Some Time in New York City album: "<a href="/wiki/The_Luck_of_the_Irish_(song)" title="The Luck of the Irish (song)">The Luck of the Irish</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Sunday_Bloody_Sunday_(John_Lennon_and_Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Sunday Bloody Sunday (John Lennon and Yoko Ono song)">Sunday Bloody Sunday</a>". In 2000, <a href="/wiki/David_Shayler" class="mw-redirect" title="David Shayler">David Shayler</a>, a former member of Britain's domestic security service MI5, suggested that Lennon had given money to the IRA, though this was swiftly denied by Ono.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBright2000-271">[263]</a> Biographer Bill Harry records that following Bloody Sunday, Lennon and Ono financially supported the production of the film The Irish Tapes, a political documentary with an <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Irish Republican</a> slant.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b403-272">[264]</a> In February 2000 Lennon's cousin Stanley Parkes stated that the singer had given money to the IRA during the 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-273">[265]</a> After the events of Bloody Sunday Lennon and Ono attended a protest in London while displaying a <a href="/wiki/Red_Mole" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Mole">Red Mole</a> newspaper with the headline "For the IRA, Against British Imperialism".<a href="#cite_note-274">[266]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176" /><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:23em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Our society is run by insane people for insane objectives. I think we're being run by maniacs for maniacal ends and I think I'm liable to be put away as insane for expressing that. That's what's insane about it. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—John Lennon<a href="#cite_note-liberal-275">[267]</a></cite></div> </div> According to FBI surveillance reports, and confirmed by <a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Tariq Ali</a> in 2006, Lennon was sympathetic to the <a href="/wiki/International_Marxist_Group" title="International Marxist Group">International Marxist Group</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Trotskyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Trotskyist">Trotskyist</a> group formed in Britain in 1968.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAli2006-276">[268]</a> However, the FBI considered Lennon to have limited effectiveness as a revolutionary, as he was "constantly under the influence of narcotics".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrooks2005-277">[269]</a> In 1972, Lennon contributed a drawing and limerick titled "Why Make It Sad to Be Gay?" to Len Richmond and Gary Noguera's The Gay Liberation Book.<a href="#cite_note-GayLiberation-278">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-RichmondGR-279">[271]</a> Lennon's last act of political activism was a statement in support of the striking minority sanitation workers in San Francisco on 5 December 1980. He and Ono planned to join the workers' protest on 14 December.<a href="#cite_note-280">[272]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deportation_attempt">Deportation attempt</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert,_Bestanddeelnr_922-2494.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2494.jpg/250px-John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2494.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2494.jpg/330px-John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2494.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2494.jpg/500px-John_Lennon_en_echtgenote_Yoko_Ono_vertrekken_van_Schiphol_naar_Wenen_in_de_vert%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-2494.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2410" data-file-height="3672" /></a><figcaption>Lennon with Ono in 1969</figcaption></figure> Following the impact of "Give Peace a Chance" and "<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>" on the anti-war movement, the Nixon administration heard rumours of Lennon's involvement in a concert to be held in San Diego at the same time as the <a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_National_Convention" title="1972 Republican National Convention">1972 Republican National Convention</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener19992-281">[273]</a> and tried to have him deported. Nixon believed that Lennon's anti-war activities could cost him his reelection;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2000-282">[274]</a> Republican Senator <a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Strom Thurmond</a> suggested in a February 1972 memo that "deportation would be a strategic counter-measure" against Lennon.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener1990225-283">[275]</a> The next month the United States <a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Naturalization_Service" title="Immigration and Naturalization Service">Immigration and Naturalization Service</a> (INS) began deportation proceedings, arguing that his 1968 misdemeanour conviction for cannabis possession in London had made him ineligible for admission to the United States. Lennon spent the next <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>3+1⁄2 years in and out of deportation hearings until 8 October 1975, when a court of appeals barred the deportation attempt, stating "the courts will not condone selective deportation based upon secret political grounds".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992576–583-284">[276]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2006a-135">[132]</a> While the legal battle continued, Lennon attended rallies and made television appearances. He and Ono co-hosted <a href="/wiki/The_Mike_Douglas_Show" title="The Mike Douglas Show">The Mike Douglas Show</a> for a week in February 1972, introducing guests such as <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rubin" title="Jerry Rubin">Jerry Rubin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Seale" title="Bobby Seale">Bobby Seale</a> to mid-America.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2006c-285">[277]</a> In 1972, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> wrote a letter to the INS defending Lennon, stating: <blockquote>John and Yoko add a great voice and drive to the country's so-called art institution. They inspire and transcend and stimulate and by doing so, only help others to see pure light and in doing that, put an end to this dull taste of petty commercialism which is being passed off as Artist Art by the overpowering mass media. Hurray for John and Yoko. Let them stay and live here and breathe. The country's got plenty of room and space. Let John and Yoko stay!<a href="#cite_note-286">[278]</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[279]</a></blockquote> On 23 March 1973, Lennon was ordered to leave the US within 60 days.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener1999326-288">[280]</a> Ono, meanwhile, was granted permanent residence. In response, Lennon and Ono held a press conference on 1 April 1973 at the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Bar_Association" title="New York City Bar Association">New York City Bar Association</a>, where they announced the formation of the state of <a href="/wiki/Nutopia" title="Nutopia">Nutopia</a>; a place with "no land, no boundaries, no passports, only people".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b663-289">[281]</a> Waving the white flag of Nutopia (two handkerchiefs), they asked for political asylum in the US. The press conference was filmed, and appeared in a 2006 documentary, <a href="/wiki/The_U.S._vs._John_Lennon" title="The U.S. vs. John Lennon">The U.S. vs. John Lennon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUrishBielen2007143-290">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-292">[nb 9]</a> Soon after the press conference, Nixon's involvement in a political scandal came to light, and in June the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate</a> hearings began in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>. They led to the president's resignation 14 months later.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a289-293">[284]</a> In December 1974, when he and members of his tour entourage visited the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, Harrison asked <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, Nixon's successor, to intercede in the matter.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELavezzoli2006196-294">[285]</a> Ford's administration showed little interest in continuing the battle against Lennon, and the deportation order was overturned in 1975. The following year, Lennon received his <a href="/wiki/Green_card" title="Green card">green card</a> certifying his <a href="/wiki/Permanent_residency" title="Permanent residency">permanent residency</a>, and when <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> was inaugurated as president in January 1977, Lennon and Ono attended the Inaugural Ball.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a289-293">[284]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="FBI_surveillance_and_declassified_documents">FBI surveillance and declassified documents</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Jon_Wiener#Wiener_and_the_Lennon_FBI_files" title="Jon Wiener">Jon Wiener § Wiener and the Lennon FBI files</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lennon_FBI_Files_after_ny19p1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Document with portions of text blacked out, dated 1972." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lennon_FBI_Files_after_ny19p1.jpg/250px-Lennon_FBI_Files_after_ny19p1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lennon_FBI_Files_after_ny19p1.jpg/330px-Lennon_FBI_Files_after_ny19p1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lennon_FBI_Files_after_ny19p1.jpg/500px-Lennon_FBI_Files_after_ny19p1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="778" /></a><figcaption>Confidential (here declassified and censored) letter by <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a> about FBI surveillance of John Lennon</figcaption></figure> After Lennon's death, historian <a href="/wiki/Jon_Wiener" title="Jon Wiener">Jon Wiener</a> filed a <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_(United_States)" title="Freedom of Information Act (United States)">Freedom of Information Act</a> request for <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a> files that documented the Bureau's role in the deportation attempt.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener199913-295">[286]</a> The FBI admitted it had 281 pages of files on Lennon, but refused to release most of them on the grounds that they contained national security information. In 1983, Wiener sued the FBI with the help of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">American Civil Liberties Union</a> of <a href="/wiki/Southern_California" title="Southern California">Southern California</a>. It took 14 years of litigation to force the FBI to release the withheld pages.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFriedman2005252-296">[287]</a> The ACLU, representing Wiener, won a favourable decision in their suit against the FBI in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">Ninth Circuit</a> in 1991.<a href="#cite_note-297">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener1999315-298">[289]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a> appealed the decision to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> in April 1992, but the court declined to review the case.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener199952–54,_76-299">[290]</a> In 1997, respecting President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>'s newly instigated rule that documents should be withheld only if releasing them would involve "foreseeable harm", the Justice Department settled most of the outstanding issues outside court by releasing all but 10 of the contested documents.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener199952–54,_76-299">[290]</a> Wiener published the results of his 14-year campaign in January 2000. Gimme Some Truth: The John Lennon FBI Files contained facsimiles of the documents, including "lengthy reports by confidential informants detailing the daily lives of anti-war activists, memos to the White House, transcripts of TV shows on which Lennon appeared, and a proposal that Lennon be arrested by local police on drug charges".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener199927-300">[291]</a> The story is told in the documentary The US vs. John Lennon. The final 10 documents in Lennon's FBI file, which reported on his ties with London anti-war activists in 1971 and had been withheld as containing "national security information provided by a foreign government under an explicit promise of confidentiality", were released in December 2006. They contained no indication that the British government had regarded Lennon as a serious threat; one example of the released material was a report that two prominent British leftists had hoped Lennon would finance a left-wing bookshop and reading room.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Associated_Press2006-301">[292]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writing">Writing</h2></div> Beatles biographer <a href="/wiki/Bill_Harry" title="Bill Harry">Bill Harry</a> wrote that Lennon began drawing and writing creatively at an early age with the encouragement of his uncle. He collected his stories, poetry, cartoons and caricatures in a Quarry Bank High School exercise book that he called the Daily Howl. The drawings were often of crippled people, and the writings satirical, and throughout the book was an abundance of wordplay. According to classmate Bill Turner, Lennon created the Daily Howl to amuse his best friend and later Quarrymen bandmate <a href="/wiki/Pete_Shotton" title="Pete Shotton">Pete Shotton</a>, to whom he would show his work before he let anyone else see it. Turner said that Lennon "had an obsession for <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Pier" title="Wigan Pier">Wigan Pier</a>. It kept cropping up", and in Lennon's story A Carrot in a Potato Mine, "the mine was at the end of Wigan Pier." Turner described how one of Lennon's cartoons depicted a bus stop sign annotated with the question, "Why?" Above was a flying pancake, and below, "a blind man wearing glasses leading along a blind dog – also wearing glasses".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b179–181-302">[293]</a> Lennon's love of wordplay and nonsense with a twist found a wider audience when he was 24. Harry writes that <a href="/wiki/In_His_Own_Write" title="In His Own Write">In His Own Write</a> (1964) was published after "Some journalist who was hanging around the Beatles came to me and I ended up showing him the stuff. They said, 'Write a book' and that's how the first one came about". Like the Daily Howl it contained a mix of formats including short stories, poetry, plays and drawings. One story, "Good Dog Nigel", tells the tale of "a happy dog, urinating on a lamp post, barking, wagging his tail – until he suddenly hears a message that he will be killed at three o'clock". <a href="/wiki/The_Times_Literary_Supplement" title="The Times Literary Supplement">The Times Literary Supplement</a> considered the poems and stories "remarkable ... also very funny ... the nonsense runs on, words and images prompting one another in a chain of pure fantasy". Book Week reported, "This is nonsense writing, but one has only to review the <a href="/wiki/Literary_nonsense" title="Literary nonsense">literature of nonsense</a> to see how well Lennon has brought it off. While some of his homonyms are gratuitous word play, many others have not only double meaning but a double edge." Lennon was not only surprised by the positive reception, but that the book was reviewed at all, and suggested that readers "took the book more seriously than I did myself. It just began as a laugh for me".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b393–394-303">[294]</a> In combination with <a href="/wiki/A_Spaniard_in_the_Works" title="A Spaniard in the Works">A Spaniard in the Works</a> (1965), In His Own Write formed the basis of the stage play <a href="/wiki/The_Lennon_Play:_In_His_Own_Write" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lennon Play: In His Own Write">The Lennon Play: In His Own Write</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn2000287-304">[295]</a> co-adapted by <a href="/wiki/Victor_Spinetti" title="Victor Spinetti">Victor Spinetti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Kennedy" title="Adrienne Kennedy">Adrienne Kennedy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b396–397-305">[296]</a> After negotiations between Lennon, Spinetti and the artistic director of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Theatre" title="Royal National Theatre">National Theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Sir Laurence Olivier</a>, the play opened at <a href="/wiki/The_Old_Vic" title="The Old Vic">The Old Vic</a> in 1968. Lennon and Ono attended the opening night performance, their second public appearance together.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b396–397-305">[296]</a> In 1969, Lennon wrote "Four in Hand", a skit based on his teenage experiences of <a href="/wiki/Circle_jerk_(sexual_practice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Circle jerk (sexual practice)">group masturbation</a>, for <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Tynan" title="Kenneth Tynan">Kenneth Tynan</a>'s play <a href="/wiki/Oh!_Calcutta!" title="Oh! Calcutta!">Oh! Calcutta!</a><a href="#cite_note-306">[297]</a> After Lennon's death, further works were published, including <a href="/wiki/Skywriting_by_Word_of_Mouth" title="Skywriting by Word of Mouth">Skywriting by Word of Mouth</a> (1986), Ai: Japan Through John Lennon's Eyes: A Personal Sketchbook (1992), with Lennon's illustrations of the definitions of Japanese words, and Real Love: The Drawings for Sean (1999). <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology" title="The Beatles Anthology">The Beatles Anthology</a> (2000) also presented examples of his writings and drawings. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Art">Art</h2></div> In 1967, Lennon, who had attended art school, funded and anonymously participated in Ono's art exhibition <a href="/wiki/Half-A-Room" title="Half-A-Room">Half-A-Room</a> that was held at <a href="/wiki/Lisson_Gallery" title="Lisson Gallery">Lisson Gallery</a>. Following his collaborating with Ono in the form of The <a href="/wiki/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Plastic Ono Band">Plastic Ono Band</a> that began in 1968, Lennon became involved with the <a href="/wiki/Fluxus" title="Fluxus">Fluxus</a> art movement. In the summer of 1968, Lennon began showing his painting and <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">conceptual art</a> at his You Are Here art exhibition held at <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fraser_(art_dealer)" title="Robert Fraser (art dealer)">Robert Fraser</a> Gallery in London.<a href="#cite_note-307">[298]</a> The show, that was dedicated to Ono, included a six foot in diameter round white <a href="/wiki/Monochrome_painting" title="Monochrome painting">monochrome painting</a> called You Are Here (1968). Besides the white <a href="/wiki/Monochrome" title="Monochrome">monochrome</a> paint, its surface contained only the tiny hand written inscription "you are here". This painting, and the show in general, was conceived as a response to Ono's conceptual art piece This is Not Here (1966) that was part of her Fluxus installation of wall text pieces called Blue Room Event (1966). Blue Room Event consisted of sentences that Ono wrote directly on her white New York apartment walls and ceiling. Lennon's You Are Here show also included sixty charity collection boxes, a pair of Lennon's shoes with a sign that read "I take my shoes off to you", a <a href="/wiki/Readymades_of_Marcel_Duchamp" title="Readymades of Marcel Duchamp">ready made</a> black bike (an apparent homage to <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Marcel Duchamp</a> and his 1917 <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Wheel" title="Bicycle Wheel">Bicycle Wheel</a>), an overturned white hat labeled For The Artist, and a large glass jar full of free-to-take you are here white <a href="/wiki/Pin" title="Pin">pin</a> <a href="/wiki/Badge" title="Badge">badges</a>.<a href="#cite_note-308">[299]</a> A hidden camera secretly filmed the public reaction to the show.<a href="#cite_note-309">[300]</a> For the 1 July opening, Lennon, dressed all in white (as was Ono), released 365 white balloons into the city sky. Each ballon had attached to it a small paper card to be mailed back to Lennon at the Robert Fraser Gallery at 69 <a href="/wiki/Duke_Street,_St_James%27s" title="Duke Street, St James's">Duke Street</a>, with the finder's comments.<a href="#cite_note-310">[301]</a> After moving to New York City, from 18 April to 12 June 1970, Lennon and Ono presented a series of <a href="/wiki/Fluxus" title="Fluxus">Fluxus</a> conceptual art events and concerts at <a href="/wiki/Joe_Jones_(Fluxus_musician)" title="Joe Jones (Fluxus musician)">Joe Jones</a>'s Tone Deaf Music Store called GRAPEFRUIT FLUXBANQUET. Performances included Come Impersonating John Lennon & Yoko Ono, Grapefruit Banquet and Portrait of John Lennon as a Young Cloud by Yoko + Everybody.<a href="#cite_note-311">[302]</a> That same year, Lennon also made The Complete Yoko Ono Word Poem Game (1970): a conceptual art poem <a href="/wiki/Collage" title="Collage">collage</a> that utilized the <a href="/wiki/Cut-up_technique" title="Cut-up technique">cut-up</a> (or découpé) <a href="/wiki/Aleatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleatory">aleatory</a> technique typical of the work of <a href="/wiki/John_Cage" title="John Cage">John Cage</a> and many Fluxus artists. The cut-up technique can be traced to at least the <a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dadaists</a> of the 1920s, but was popularized in the early 1960s by writer <a href="/wiki/William_S._Burroughs" title="William S. Burroughs">William S. Burroughs</a>. For The Complete Yoko Ono Word Poem Game, Lennon took the portrait photo of himself that was included in the packaging of the 1968 <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_(album)" title="The Beatles (album)">The Beatles</a> LP (aka The White Album) and cut it into 134 small rectangles. A single word was written on the back of each fragment, to be read in any order. The portrait image was meant to be reassembled in any order. The Complete Yoko Ono Word Poem Game was presented by Lennon to Ono on 28 July in an inscribed envelope for her to randomly assemble and reassemble at will.<a href="#cite_note-312">[303]</a> Lennon made whimsical drawings and fine art prints on occasion until the end of his life.<a href="#cite_note-313">[304]</a> For example, he drew a 1968 comic for the macrobiotic magazine Harmony and one printed inside the sleeve of his <a href="/wiki/Wedding_Album" title="Wedding Album">Wedding Album</a> (1969).<a href="#cite_note-314">[305]</a> Lennon exhibited at Eugene Schuster's London Arts Gallery his Bag One <a href="/wiki/Lithograph" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithograph">lithographs</a> in an exhibition that included several depicting <a href="/wiki/Erotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Erotic">erotic</a> imagery. The show opened on 15 January 1970 and 24 hours later it was raided by police officers who confiscated 8 of the 14 lithos on the grounds of <a href="/wiki/Indecency" class="mw-redirect" title="Indecency">indecency</a>. The lithographs had been drawn by Lennon in 1969 chronicling his wedding and honeymoon with Yoko Ono and one of their <a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">bed-ins</a> staged in the interests of world peace.<a href="#cite_note-315">[306]</a> In 1969, Lennon appeared in the Yoko Ono Fluxus art film <a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(1969_film)" title="Self-Portrait (1969 film)">Self-Portrait</a>, which consisted of a single forty-minute shot of Lennon's penis.<a href="#cite_note-316">[307]</a> The film was premiered at the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Contemporary_Arts" title="Institute of Contemporary Arts">Institute of Contemporary Arts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-317">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-Doggett2009-318">[309]</a> In 1971, Lennon made an experimental art film called <a href="/wiki/Erection_(film)" title="Erection (film)">Erection</a> that was edited on <a href="/wiki/16_mm_film" title="16 mm film">16 mm film</a><a href="#cite_note-Cinema_Project_2004-319">[310]</a> by <a href="/wiki/George_Maciunas" title="George Maciunas">George Maciunas</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Fluxus" title="Fluxus">Fluxus</a> art movement and <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> contemporary of Ono.<a href="#cite_note-Postiar_2011-320">[311]</a> The film uses the songs "Airmale" and "You" from Ono's 1971 album <a href="/wiki/Fly_(Yoko_Ono_album)" title="Fly (Yoko Ono album)">Fly</a>, as its soundtrack.<a href="#cite_note-Bloch_2004_233-321">[312]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musicianship">Musicianship</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instruments">Instruments</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon%27s_musical_instruments" title="John Lennon's musical instruments">John Lennon's musical instruments</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Beatles%27_instruments" title="List of the Beatles' instruments">List of the Beatles' instruments</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon%27s_Les_Paul_Jr..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Lennon%27s_Les_Paul_Jr..jpg/220px-John_Lennon%27s_Les_Paul_Jr..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Lennon%27s_Les_Paul_Jr..jpg/330px-John_Lennon%27s_Les_Paul_Jr..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Lennon%27s_Les_Paul_Jr..jpg/440px-John_Lennon%27s_Les_Paul_Jr..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1565" data-file-height="1770" /></a><figcaption>Lennon's <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Les_Paul_Junior" title="Gibson Les Paul Junior">Les Paul Jr.</a></figcaption></figure> Lennon played a mouth organ during a bus journey to visit his cousin in Scotland. Impressed, the driver told Lennon of a harmonica he could have if he came to Edinburgh the following day, where one had been stored in the bus depot since a passenger had left it on a bus.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b313-322">[313]</a> The professional instrument quickly replaced Lennon's toy; he often used the instrument during the Beatles' Hamburg years, and it became a signature sound in the group's early recordings. His mother taught him how to play the banjo, later buying him an acoustic guitar. At 16, he played rhythm guitar with the Quarrymen.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b738–740-323">[314]</a> As his career progressed, he played a variety of electric guitars, predominantly the <a href="/wiki/Rickenbacker_325" title="Rickenbacker 325">Rickenbacker 325</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epiphone_Casino" title="Epiphone Casino">Epiphone Casino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gibson_J-160E" title="Gibson J-160E">Gibson J-160E</a>, and, from the start of his solo career, the <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Les_Paul_Junior" title="Gibson Les Paul Junior">Gibson Les Paul Junior</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPrown_and_Newquist2003213-324">[315]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELawrence200927-325">[316]</a> <a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a> producer Jack Douglas claimed that since his Beatle days Lennon habitually tuned his D-string slightly flat, so his Aunt Mimi could tell which guitar was his on recordings.<a href="#cite_note-326">[317]</a> Occasionally he played a six-string bass guitar, the <a href="/wiki/Fender_Bass_VI" title="Fender Bass VI">Fender Bass VI</a>, providing bass on some Beatles numbers ("<a href="/wiki/Back_in_the_U.S.S.R." title="Back in the U.S.S.R.">Back in the U.S.S.R.</a>", "<a href="/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road" title="The Long and Winding Road">The Long and Winding Road</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Helter_Skelter_(song)" title="Helter Skelter (song)">Helter Skelter"</a>) that occupied McCartney with another instrument.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEverett1999297-327">[318]</a> His other instrument of choice was the piano, on which he composed many songs, including "Imagine", described as his best-known solo work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlaney200583-328">[319]</a> His jamming on a piano with McCartney in 1963 led to the creation of the Beatles' first US number one, "<a href="/wiki/I_Want_to_Hold_Your_Hand" title="I Want to Hold Your Hand">I Want to Hold Your Hand</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEverett2001200-329">[320]</a> In 1964, he became one of the first British musicians to acquire a <a href="/wiki/Mellotron" title="Mellotron">Mellotron</a> keyboard, though it was not heard on a Beatles recording until "Strawberry Fields Forever" in 1967.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBabiuk2002164–165-330">[321]</a> In 2024, a guitar of Lennon's that was thought to have been lost was found in an attic and auctioned at <a href="/wiki/Julien%27s_Auctions" title="Julien's Auctions">Julien's Auctions</a> for $2.9 million (2.68 million euros)<a href="#cite_note-331">[322]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vocal_style">Vocal style</h3></div> Lennon's vocal style was heavily influenced by <a href="/wiki/Little_Richard" title="Little Richard">Little Richard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Williams" title="Larry Williams">Larry Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Little_Willie_John" title="Little Willie John">Little Willie John</a>; the British music writer <a href="/wiki/Ian_MacDonald" title="Ian MacDonald">Ian MacDonald</a> noted that "no white singer" had been able to imitate them successfully before Lennon and McCartney. MacDonald contrasted Lennon's singing voice, a "brassy <a href="/wiki/Northern_England" title="Northern England">northern</a> roar flecked with bluesy moans", with the "conventionally glamorous" voices of earlier artists such as <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cliff_Richard" title="Cliff Richard">Cliff Richard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-332">[323]</a> The British critic <a href="/wiki/Nik_Cohn" title="Nik Cohn">Nik Cohn</a> observed of Lennon, "He owned one of the best pop voices ever, rasped and smashed and brooding, always fierce." Cohn wrote that Lennon, performing "<a href="/wiki/Twist_and_Shout" title="Twist and Shout">Twist and Shout</a>", would "rant his way into total incoherence, half rupture himself".<a href="#cite_note-333">[324]</a> When the Beatles recorded the song, the final track during the one-day session that produced the band's 1963 debut album, <a href="/wiki/Please_Please_Me" title="Please Please Me">Please Please Me</a>, Lennon's voice, already compromised by a cold, came close to giving out. Lennon said, "I couldn't sing the damn thing, I was just screaming."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWenner200014-334">[325]</a> In the words of biographer Barry Miles, "Lennon simply shredded his vocal cords in the interests of rock 'n' roll."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles200190-335">[326]</a> The Beatles' producer, <a href="/wiki/George_Martin" title="George Martin">George Martin</a>, tells how Lennon "had an inborn dislike of his own voice which I could never understand. He was always saying to me: 'DO something with my voice!  ... put something on it ... Make it different.'"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992369–370-336">[327]</a> Martin obliged, often using <a href="/wiki/Double_tracking" title="Double tracking">double-tracking</a> and other techniques.<a href="#cite_note-337">[328]</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[329]</a> As his Beatles era segued into his solo career, his singing voice found a widening range of expression. Biographer Chris Gregory writes of Lennon "tentatively beginning to expose his insecurities in a number of acoustic-led 'confessional' ballads, so beginning the process of 'public therapy' that will eventually culminate in the primal screams of '<a href="/wiki/Cold_Turkey" title="Cold Turkey">Cold Turkey</a>' and the cathartic <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a>."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGregory200775-339">[330]</a> Music critic <a href="/wiki/Robert_Christgau" title="Robert Christgau">Robert Christgau</a> called this Lennon's "greatest vocal performance ... from scream to whine, is modulated electronically ... echoed, filtered, and double tracked."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener1990143-340">[331]</a> David Stuart Ryan described Lennon's vocal delivery as ranging from "extreme vulnerability, sensitivity and even naivety" to a hard "rasping" style.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERyan1982118,_241-341">[332]</a> Wiener too described contrasts, saying the singer's voice can be "at first subdued; soon it almost cracks with despair".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener199035-342">[333]</a> Music historian Ben Urish recalled hearing the Beatles' <a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">Ed Sullivan Show</a> performance of "<a href="/wiki/This_Boy" title="This Boy">This Boy</a>" played on the radio a few days after Lennon's murder: "As Lennon's vocals reached their peak ... it hurt too much to hear him scream with such anguish and emotion. But it was my emotions I heard in his voice. Just like I always had."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUrishBielen2007123-343">[334]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lennon_Statue,_Liverpool.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A statue depicting a young Lennon outside a brick building. Next to the statue are three windows, with two side-by-side above the lower, which bears signage advertising the Cavern pub." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Lennon_Statue%2C_Liverpool.jpg/250px-Lennon_Statue%2C_Liverpool.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Lennon_Statue%2C_Liverpool.jpg/330px-Lennon_Statue%2C_Liverpool.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Lennon_Statue%2C_Liverpool.jpg/500px-Lennon_Statue%2C_Liverpool.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2460" data-file-height="2946" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Lennon outside <a href="/wiki/The_Cavern_Club" title="The Cavern Club">The Cavern Club</a>, Liverpool</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reflection_on_Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4227976.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Reflection_on_Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4227976.jpg/250px-Reflection_on_Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4227976.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Reflection_on_Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4227976.jpg/330px-Reflection_on_Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4227976.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Reflection_on_Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4227976.jpg/500px-Reflection_on_Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4227976.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport" title="Liverpool John Lennon Airport">John Lennon Airport</a> in Liverpool</figcaption></figure> Music historians Schinder and Schwartz wrote of the transformation in popular music styles that took place between the 1950s and the 1960s. They said that the Beatles' influence cannot be overstated: having "revolutionised the sound, style, and attitude of popular music and opened rock and roll's doors to a tidal wave of British rock acts", the group then "spent the rest of the 1960s expanding rock's stylistic frontiers".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchinderSchwartz2007160-344">[335]</a> On <a href="/wiki/National_Poetry_Month#International_Poetry_Celebrations" title="National Poetry Month">National Poetry Day</a> in 1999, the BBC conducted a poll to identify the UK's favourite song lyric and announced "Imagine" as the winner.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b382–383-120">[118]</a> Two home recording demos by Lennon, "<a href="/wiki/Free_as_a_Bird" title="Free as a Bird">Free as a Bird</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Real_Love_(Beatles_song)" title="Real Love (Beatles song)">Real Love</a>", were finished by the three surviving members of the Beatles when they reunited in 1994 and 1995.<a href="#cite_note-Demos-345">[336]</a> Both songs were released as Beatles singles in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology" title="The Beatles Anthology">The Beatles Anthology</a> compilations. A third song, "<a href="/wiki/Now_and_Then_(Beatles_song)" title="Now and Then (Beatles song)">Now and Then</a>", was also worked on but not released until 2023 whereupon it was dubbed "the last Beatles song", topping the UK charts.<a href="#cite_note-Demos-345">[336]</a><a href="#cite_note-N&TChart-346">[337]</a> In 1997, Yoko Ono and the <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_Music,_Inc." title="Broadcast Music, Inc.">BMI</a> Foundation established an annual music competition programme for songwriters of contemporary musical genres to honour John Lennon's memory and his large creative legacy.<a href="#cite_note-BMI_Foundation's_John_Lennon_Scholarships-347">[338]</a> Over $400,000 have been given through BMI Foundation's John Lennon Scholarships to talented young musicians in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-BMI_Foundation's_John_Lennon_Scholarships-347">[338]</a> In a 2006 <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">Guardian</a> article, Jon Wiener wrote: "For young people in 1972, it was thrilling to see Lennon's courage in standing up to [US President] Nixon. That willingness to take risks with his career, and his life, is one reason why people still admire him today."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiener2006-348">[339]</a> For music historians Urish and Bielen, Lennon's most significant effort was "the self-portraits ... in his songs [which] spoke to, for, and about, the human condition."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUrishBielen2007121–122-349">[340]</a> Writing for <a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a> in 2024, Amaia Odriozola described Lennon's <a href="/wiki/Windsor_glasses" title="Windsor glasses">Windsor glasses</a> as being "known all over the world" and credited him with pioneering glasses as a "style statement" for musicians.<a href="#cite_note-350">[341]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JohnLennonPark_Havana2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/JohnLennonPark_Havana2.JPG/170px-JohnLennonPark_Havana2.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/JohnLennonPark_Havana2.JPG/255px-JohnLennonPark_Havana2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/JohnLennonPark_Havana2.JPG/339px-JohnLennonPark_Havana2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Park" title="John Lennon Park">John Lennon Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana, Cuba</a></figcaption></figure> In 2013, <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Music_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Downtown Music Publishing">Downtown Music Publishing</a> signed a publishing administration agreement for the US with Lenono Music and Ono Music, home to the song catalogues of John Lennon and <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>, respectively. Under the terms of the agreement, Downtown represents Lennon's solo works, including "<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imagine (John Lennon song)">Imagine</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma_(We_All_Shine_On)" class="mw-redirect" title="Instant Karma (We All Shine On)">Instant Karma (We All Shine On)</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Jealous_Guy" title="Jealous Guy">Jealous Guy</a>", "<a href="/wiki/(Just_Like)_Starting_Over" title="(Just Like) Starting Over">(Just Like) Starting Over</a>" and others.<a href="#cite_note-351">[342]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Los_Angeles_(California,_USA),_Hollywood_Boulevard,_John_Lennon_--_2012_--_4990.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Los_Angeles_%28California%2C_USA%29%2C_Hollywood_Boulevard%2C_John_Lennon_--_2012_--_4990.jpg/220px-Los_Angeles_%28California%2C_USA%29%2C_Hollywood_Boulevard%2C_John_Lennon_--_2012_--_4990.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Los_Angeles_%28California%2C_USA%29%2C_Hollywood_Boulevard%2C_John_Lennon_--_2012_--_4990.jpg/330px-Los_Angeles_%28California%2C_USA%29%2C_Hollywood_Boulevard%2C_John_Lennon_--_2012_--_4990.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Los_Angeles_%28California%2C_USA%29%2C_Hollywood_Boulevard%2C_John_Lennon_--_2012_--_4990.jpg/440px-Los_Angeles_%28California%2C_USA%29%2C_Hollywood_Boulevard%2C_John_Lennon_--_2012_--_4990.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4159" data-file-height="3007" /></a><figcaption>"John Lennon" Star at the Hollywood Walk of Fame, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a></figcaption></figure> Lennon has been the subject of <a href="/wiki/Death_of_John_Lennon#Memorials_and_tributes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of John Lennon">numerous memorials and tributes</a>. In 2002, the airport in Lennon's home town was renamed the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport" title="Liverpool John Lennon Airport">Liverpool John Lennon Airport</a>.<a href="#cite_note-352">[343]</a> On what would have been Lennon's 70th birthday in 2010, Cynthia and Julian Lennon unveiled the <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Peace_Monument" title="John Lennon Peace Monument">John Lennon Peace Monument</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chavasse_Park" title="Chavasse Park">Chavasse Park</a>, Liverpool.<a href="#cite_note-353">[344]</a> The sculpture, entitled Peace & Harmony, exhibits <a href="/wiki/Peace_symbols" title="Peace symbols">peace symbols</a> and carries the inscription "Peace on Earth for the Conservation of Life · In Honour of John Lennon 1940–1980".<a href="#cite_note-354">[345]</a> In December 2013, the <a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a> named one of the craters on <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a> after Lennon.<a href="#cite_note-355">[346]</a> There is a <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Park" title="John Lennon Park">John Lennon Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, Cuba which features a statue in his likeness sitting on a bench.<a href="#cite_note-356">[347]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accolades">Accolades</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_the_Beatles" title="List of awards and nominations received by the Beatles">List of awards and nominations received by the Beatles</a></div> The Lennon–McCartney songwriting partnership is regarded as one of the most influential and successful of the 20th century. As performer, writer or co-writer, Lennon had 25 number one singles in the US Hot 100 chart.<a href="#cite_note-362">[nb 10]</a> His album sales in the US stand at 14 million units.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERIAA2010b-363">[353]</a> <a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a> was his best-selling album,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenberg2010202-364">[354]</a> at three million shipments in the US.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERIAA2010a-365">[355]</a> Released shortly before his death, it won the 1981 <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Grammy Award for Album of the Year">Grammy Award for Album of the Year</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-5">[4]</a> That year, the <a href="/wiki/BRIT_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="BRIT Awards">BRIT Award</a> for Outstanding Contribution to Music was given to Lennon.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrit_Awards1982-366">[356]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Streetart_Bild_von_John_Lennon_(Prag).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Lennon Wall in Prague" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Streetart_Bild_von_John_Lennon_%28Prag%29.jpg/150px-Streetart_Bild_von_John_Lennon_%28Prag%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Streetart_Bild_von_John_Lennon_%28Prag%29.jpg/225px-Streetart_Bild_von_John_Lennon_%28Prag%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Streetart_Bild_von_John_Lennon_%28Prag%29.jpg/300px-Streetart_Bild_von_John_Lennon_%28Prag%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6000" /></a><figcaption>Street art image of Lennon on the <a href="/wiki/Lennon_Wall" title="Lennon Wall">Lennon Wall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></figcaption></figure>Participants in a 2002 BBC poll voted him eighth of "<a href="/wiki/100_Greatest_Britons" title="100 Greatest Britons">100 Greatest Britons</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2002-367">[357]</a> Between 2003 and 2008, <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> recognised Lennon in several reviews of artists and music, ranking him fifth of "100 Greatest Singers of All Time"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrowne2008-368">[358]</a> and 38th of "100 Greatest Artists of All Time",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2008-369">[359]</a> and his albums <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a> and Imagine, 22nd and 76th respectively of "<a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone%27s_500_Greatest_Albums_of_All_Time" title="Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time">Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2008-369">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2003-370">[360]</a> He was appointed <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE)</a> with the other Beatles in 1965, but returned his medal in 1969 because of "<a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Civil_War" title="Nigerian Civil War">Britain's involvement in the Nigeria-Biafra thing</a>, against our support of <a href="/wiki/United_States_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="United States in the Vietnam War">America in Vietnam</a>, and against <a href="/wiki/Cold_Turkey" title="Cold Turkey">Cold Turkey</a> slipping down the charts".<a href="#cite_note-371">[361]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELondon_Gazette19655488-372">[362]</a> Lennon was posthumously inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Songwriters_Hall_of_Fame" title="Songwriters Hall of Fame">Songwriters Hall of Fame</a> in 1987<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESongwriters_Hall_of_Fame2015-373">[363]</a> and into the <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a> in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1994-374">[364]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_discography" title="John Lennon discography">John Lennon discography</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_John_Lennon" title="List of songs recorded by John Lennon">List of songs recorded by John Lennon</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_albums_discography" title="The Beatles albums discography">The Beatles albums discography</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_singles_discography" title="The Beatles singles discography">The Beatles singles discography</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studio_albums">Studio albums</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a> (Apple, 1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Imagine (John Lennon album)">Imagine</a> (Apple, 1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Some Time in New York City</a> (with Yoko Ono, Apple, 1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_Games_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Mind Games (John Lennon album)">Mind Games</a> (Apple, 1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls_and_Bridges" title="Walls and Bridges">Walls and Bridges</a> (Apple, 1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Rock 'n' Roll (John Lennon album)">Rock 'n' Roll</a> (Apple, 1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a> (with Yoko Ono, Geffen, 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_and_Honey_(album)" title="Milk and Honey (album)">Milk and Honey</a> (Posthumous with Yoko Ono, Polydor, 1984)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Experimental_studio_albums_with_Yoko_Ono">Experimental studio albums with Yoko Ono</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._1:_Two_Virgins" title="Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins">Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins</a> (Apple, 1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._2:_Life_with_the_Lions" title="Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions">Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions</a> (Zapple, 1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_Album" title="Wedding Album">Wedding Album</a> (Apple, 1969)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2></div> All releases after his death in 1980 use archival footage. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_discography#Videography" title="John Lennon discography">John Lennon discography § Videography</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_film" title="The Beatles in film">The Beatles in film</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_videos" class="mw-redirect" title="The Beatles videos">The Beatles videos</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Title </th> <th scope="col">Role </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1964 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/A_Hard_Day%27s_Night_(film)" title="A Hard Day's Night (film)">A Hard Day's Night</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1965 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Help!_(film)" title="Help! (film)">Help!</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1967 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Bottoms</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1967 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/How_I_Won_the_War" title="How I Won the War">How I Won the War</a> </th> <td>Gripweed </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1967 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Magical_Mystery_Tour_(film)" title="Magical Mystery Tour (film)">Magical Mystery Tour</a> </th> <td>Himself / Ticket Salesman / Magician with Coffee </td> <td>Also narrator, writer and director (producer uncredited) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1967 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/London_%2766%E2%80%93%2767" title="London '66–'67">Pink Floyd: London '66-'67</a> </th> <td>Himself (uncredited) </td> <td>Documentary short </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1968 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_(film)" title="Yellow Submarine (film)">Yellow Submarine</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Cameo at the end </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1968 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._1:_Two_Virgins" title="Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins">Two Virgins</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Short film, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1968 </td> <th scope="row">No. 5 </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Short film, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1969 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">Bed Peace</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1969 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">Honeymoon</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1969 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(Yoko_Ono_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-Portrait (Yoko Ono film)">Self-Portrait</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Short film, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1969 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Walden_(1968_film)" title="Walden (1968 film)">Walden</a> (Diaries, Notes, and Sketches) </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1969 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/William_Klein_(photographer)" title="William Klein (photographer)">Muhammad Ali, the Greatest</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1970 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis_(film)" title="Apotheosis (film)">Apotheosis</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Short film, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1970 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(1970_film)" title="Let It Be (1970 film)">Let It Be</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary (executive producer – as The Beatles) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1970 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Fly_(1970_film)" title="Fly (1970 film)">Fly</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Short film, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1970 </td> <th scope="row">Freedom </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Short film, music, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1970 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Cox_(producer)" title="Anthony Cox (producer)">3 Days in the Life</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1971 </td> <th scope="row">Breathing Together: Revolution of the Electric Family </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1971 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Up_Your_Legs_Forever" title="Up Your Legs Forever">Up Your Legs Forever</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1971 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Erection_(film)" title="Erection (film)">Erection</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>Short film, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1971 </td> <th scope="row">Clock </th> <td>Himself / Singer </td> <td>Music, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1971 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Toronto" title="Sweet Toronto">Sweet Toronto</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Concert film </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1971 </td> <th scope="row">The Museum of Modern Art Show </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary short </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1972 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/John_Sinclair_Freedom_Rally" title="John Sinclair Freedom Rally">Ten for Two: The John Sinclair Freedom Rally</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1972 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Eat_the_Document" title="Eat the Document">Eat the Document</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1976 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Auder" title="Michel Auder">Chelsea Girls with Andy Warhol</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1977 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Day_the_Music_Died" title="The Day the Music Died">The Day the Music Died</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1982 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Compleat_Beatles" title="The Compleat Beatles">The Compleat Beatles</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1988 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Imagine:_John_Lennon" title="Imagine: John Lennon">Imagine: John Lennon</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1990 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_The_First_U.S._Visit" title="The Beatles: The First U.S. Visit">The Beatles: The First U.S. Visit</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1996 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones_Rock_and_Roll_Circus" title="The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus">The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Concert film from 1968 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2003 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Legend:_The_Very_Best_of_John_Lennon_(DVD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon (DVD)">Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Remastered music video collection </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2006 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_U.S._vs._John_Lennon" title="The U.S. vs. John Lennon">The U.S. vs. John Lennon</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2006 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">John & Yoko: Give Peace a Song</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2007 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/I_Met_the_Walrus" title="I Met the Walrus">I Met the Walrus</a> </th> <td>Himself (voice) </td> <td>Short film, recorded 1969 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2008 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/All_Together_Now_(2008_film)" title="All Together Now (2008 film)">All Together Now</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2010 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/LennoNYC" title="LennoNYC">LennoNYC</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2016 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_Eight_Days_a_Week" title="The Beatles: Eight Days a Week">The Beatles: Eight Days a Week</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2018 </td> <th scope="row">Looking for Lennon </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2021 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_Get_Back" title="The Beatles: Get Back">The Beatles: Get Back</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2022 </td> <th scope="row">The Lost Weekend : A Love Story </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2024 </td> <th scope="row">Daytime Revolution </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2024 </td> <th scope="row">One to One: John & Yoko </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2024 </td> <th scope="row">No Hamburg No Beatles </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2024 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Beatles_%2764" title="Beatles '64">Beatles '64</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2025 </td> <th scope="row">Borrowed Time: Lennon's Last Decade </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3></div> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Title </th> <th scope="col">Role </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1963–64 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ready_Steady_Go!" title="Ready Steady Go!">Ready Steady Go!</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Music program, 4 episodes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1964 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Around_the_Beatles" title="Around the Beatles">Around the Beatles</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Concert special </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1964 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_The_First_U.S._Visit" title="The Beatles: The First U.S. Visit">What's Happening! The Beatles in the U.S.A.</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1964–65 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Variety show, 4 episodes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1965 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Music_of_Lennon_%26_McCartney" title="The Music of Lennon & McCartney">The Music of Lennon & McCartney</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Variety tribute special </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1965–66 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Not_Only..._But_Also" title="Not Only... But Also">Not Only... But Also</a> </th> <td>Lavatory Attendant / Guest </td> <td>Episodes: "Episode #1.1" (1965) and "Christmas Special" (1966) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1966 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_at_Shea_Stadium" title="The Beatles at Shea Stadium">The Beatles at Shea Stadium</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Concert special </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1966 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1966_tour_of_Germany,_Japan_and_the_Philippines#Japan" title="The Beatles' 1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines">The Beatles in Japan</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Concert special </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1969 </td> <th scope="row">Rape </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Drama/thriller, sound, editor, writer, producer, director </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1971–72 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Dick_Cavett_Show" title="The Dick Cavett Show">The Dick Cavett Show</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Talk show, 3 episodes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1972 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Live_in_New_York_City_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Live in New York City (John Lennon album)">John Lennon and Yoko Ono Present the One-to-One Concert</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Concert special </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1972 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Mike_Douglas_Show" title="The Mike Douglas Show">The Mike Douglas Show</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Talk show, 5 episodes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1972 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(1972_film)" title="Imagine (1972 film)">Imagine</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Music film special </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1975 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/A_Salute_to_the_Beatles:_Once_upon_a_Time" title="A Salute to the Beatles: Once upon a Time">A Salute to the Beatles: Once upon a Time</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1975 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Tomorrow_Show" title="The Tomorrow Show">The Tomorrow Show</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Talk show </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1977 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love:_The_Story_of_Popular_Music" title="All You Need Is Love: The Story of Popular Music">All You Need Is Love: The Story of Popular Music</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary mini-series </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1987 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/It_Was_Twenty_Years_Ago_Today_(film)" title="It Was Twenty Years Ago Today (film)">It Was Twenty Years Ago Today</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1995 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology_(TV_series)" title="The Beatles Anthology (TV series)">The Beatles Anthology</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary mini-series </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2000 </td> <th scope="row">Gimme Some Truth: The Making of John Lennon's Imagine Album </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2000 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">John & Yoko's Year of Peace</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2008 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Classic_Albums" title="Classic Albums">Classic Albums</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2018 </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/John_%26_Yoko:_Above_Us_Only_Sky" title="John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky">John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky</a> </th> <td>Himself </td> <td>Documentary </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_His_Own_Write" title="In His Own Write">In His Own Write</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Spaniard_in_the_Works" title="A Spaniard in the Works">A Spaniard in the Works</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skywriting_by_Word_of_Mouth" title="Skywriting by Word of Mouth">Skywriting by Word of Mouth</a> (1986)</li> <li>Lyrics of John Lennon (1997)</li> <li>The John Lennon Letters (2012)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Beatles" title="Outline of the Beatles">Outline of the Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_timeline" title="The Beatles timeline">The Beatles timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peace_activists" title="List of peace activists">List of peace activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_valuable_celebrity_memorabilia" title="List of most valuable celebrity memorabilia">List of most valuable celebrity memorabilia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> Lennon changed his name by <a href="/wiki/Deed_poll" title="Deed poll">deed poll</a> on 22 April 1969, adding "Ono" as a middle name. Although he used the name John Ono Lennon thereafter, official documents referred to him as John Winston Ono Lennon.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984b64-2">[2]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/National_Postal_Museum" title="National Postal Museum">National Postal Museum</a> in the US acquired a stamp collection that Lennon had assembled when he was a boy.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> Lennon softened his stance in the mid-1970s, however, and said he had written "How Do You Sleep?" about himself.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b354–356-125">[123]</a> In 1980, he said that rather than the song representing a "terrible vicious horrible vendetta" against McCartney, "I used my resentment and withdrawing from Paul and the Beatles, and the relationship with Paul, to write 'How Do You Sleep'. I don't really go 'round with those thoughts in my head all the time."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeebles198144-126">[124]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> An alternate take of "I'm the Greatest", with Lennon singing a guide vocal, appears on <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Anthology" title="John Lennon Anthology">John Lennon Anthology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUrishBielen200747-146">[143]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> "Imagine" topped the US singles chart compiled by <a href="/wiki/Record_World" title="Record World">Record World</a> magazine, however, in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer200559-152">[148]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> In September 2022, he was denied parole for the 12th time.<a href="#cite_note-182">[177]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> According to McCartney, he himself met Ono a few weeks before this event,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles2001246-228">[222]</a> when she visited him in the hope of obtaining a Lennon–McCartney song manuscript for a book <a href="/wiki/John_Cage" title="John Cage">John Cage</a> was working on, <a href="/wiki/Notations" title="Notations">Notations</a>. McCartney declined to give her any of his own manuscripts but suggested that Lennon might oblige. When asked, Lennon gave Ono the original handwritten lyrics to "<a href="/wiki/The_Word_(song)" title="The Word (song)">The Word</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles1997272-229">[223]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">^</a> Lennon eventually signed the papers while he was on holiday in Florida with Pang and Julian.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b195-246">[239]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-292"><a href="#cite_ref-292">^</a> Lennon's <a href="/wiki/Mind_Games_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Mind Games (John Lennon album)">Mind Games</a> (1973) included the track "Nutopian International Anthem", which comprised three seconds of silence.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b664-291">[283]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-362"><a href="#cite_ref-362">^</a> Lennon was responsible for 25 Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles as performer, writer or co-writer. <ul><li>Solo (2): "<a href="/wiki/Whatever_Gets_You_thru_the_Night" title="Whatever Gets You thru the Night">Whatever Gets You thru the Night</a>", "<a href="/wiki/(Just_Like)_Starting_Over" title="(Just Like) Starting Over">(Just Like) Starting Over</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010a-357">[348]</a></li> <li>With the Beatles (20): "<a href="/wiki/Can%27t_Buy_Me_Love" title="Can't Buy Me Love">Can't Buy Me Love</a>", "<a href="/wiki/I_Feel_Fine" title="I Feel Fine">I Feel Fine</a>", "<a href="/wiki/I_Want_to_Hold_Your_Hand" title="I Want to Hold Your Hand">I Want to Hold Your Hand</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Love_Me_Do" title="Love Me Do">Love Me Do</a>", "<a href="/wiki/She_Loves_You" title="She Loves You">She Loves You</a>", "<a href="/wiki/A_Hard_Day%27s_Night_(song)" title="A Hard Day's Night (song)">A Hard Day's Night</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Eight_Days_a_Week" title="Eight Days a Week">Eight Days a Week</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Help!_(song)" title="Help! (song)">Help!</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Ticket_to_Ride_(song)" title="Ticket to Ride (song)">Ticket to Ride</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(Beatles_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yesterday (Beatles song)">Yesterday</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Paperback_Writer" title="Paperback Writer">Paperback Writer</a>", "<a href="/wiki/We_Can_Work_It_Out" title="We Can Work It Out">We Can Work It Out</a>", "<a href="/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love" title="All You Need Is Love">All You Need Is Love</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Hello,_Goodbye" title="Hello, Goodbye">Hello, Goodbye</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane" title="Penny Lane">Penny Lane</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Hey_Jude" title="Hey Jude">Hey Jude</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Something_(Beatles_song)" title="Something (Beatles song)">Something</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Come_Together" title="Come Together">Come Together</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Get_Back" title="Get Back">Get Back</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(song)" title="Let It Be (song)">Let It Be</a>", "<a href="/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road" title="The Long and Winding Road">The Long and Winding Road</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/For_You_Blue" title="For You Blue">For You Blue</a>".<a href="#cite_note-358">[349]</a></li> <li>As co-writer of and performer on releases by another artist (2): "<a href="/wiki/Fame_(David_Bowie_song)" title="Fame (David Bowie song)">Fame</a>" (David Bowie),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010e-359">[350]</a> "<a href="/wiki/Lucy_in_the_Sky_with_Diamonds" title="Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds">Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds</a>" (Elton John).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010c-360">[351]</a></li> <li>As co-writer of releases by other artists (1): "<a href="/wiki/A_World_Without_Love" title="A World Without Love">A World Without Love</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Peter_and_Gordon" title="Peter and Gordon">Peter and Gordon</a>)<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010d-361">[352]</a></li></ul> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChristgau" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Christgau" title="Robert Christgau">Christgau, Robert</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Lennon">"John Lennon | Biography, Songs, Albums, Death, & Facts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Britannica">Britannica</a>. Retrieved 18 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britannica&rft.atitle=John+Lennon+%7C+Biography%2C+Songs%2C+Albums%2C+Death%2C+%26+Facts&rft.aulast=Christgau&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FJohn-Lennon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984b64-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColeman1984b64_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColeman1984b64_2-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFColeman1984b">Coleman 1984b</a>, p. 64. </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNewman2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Newman, Jason (23 August 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/467781/it-takes-two-10-songwriting-duos-that-rocked-music-history">"It Takes Two: 10 Songwriting Duos That Rocked Music History"</a>. Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180623105510/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/467781/it-takes-two-10-songwriting-duos-that-rocked-music-history">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2018. Retrieved 5 October 2017. <q>By any measure, no one comes close to matching the success of The Beatles' primary songwriters.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=It+Takes+Two%3A+10+Songwriting+Duos+That+Rocked+Music+History&rft.date=2011-08-23&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F467781%2Fit-takes-two-10-songwriting-duos-that-rocked-music-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/awards/24th-annual-grammy-awards">"24th Annual GRAMMY Awards | GRAMMY.com"</a>. grammy.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=grammy.com&rft.atitle=24th+Annual+GRAMMY+Awards+%26%23124%3B+GRAMMY.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammy.com%2Fawards%2F24th-annual-grammy-awards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b504-6"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b504_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 504. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200524:_"Julia_offered_the_name_in_honour_of&nbsp;..._Winston_Churchill"-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200524:_"Julia_offered_the_name_in_honour_of&nbsp;..._Winston_Churchill"_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 24: "Julia offered the name in honour of ... Winston Churchill". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200524:_"The_entire_Stanley_clan_gathered_nightly_at_Newcastle_Road"-8"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200524:_"The_entire_Stanley_clan_gathered_nightly_at_Newcastle_Road"_8-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 24: "The entire Stanley clan gathered nightly at Newcastle Road". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200554:_"Until_then_he_had_sent_her_money_each_month_from_his_wages,_but_now_it_stopped"-9"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200554:_"Until_then_he_had_sent_her_money_each_month_from_his_wages,_but_now_it_stopped"_9-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 54: "Until then he had sent her money each month from his wages, but now it stopped". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200526:_"In_February_1944&nbsp;..._he_was_arrested_and_imprisoned._Freddie_subsequently_disappeared_for_six_months"-10"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200526:_"In_February_1944&nbsp;..._he_was_arrested_and_imprisoned._Freddie_subsequently_disappeared_for_six_months"_10-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 26: "In February 1944 ... he was arrested and imprisoned. Freddie subsequently disappeared for six months". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200527-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200527_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200556:_"Alf_admitted_to_her_that_he_had_planned_to_take_John_to_live_in_New_Zealand"-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200556:_"Alf_admitted_to_her_that_he_had_planned_to_take_John_to_live_in_New_Zealand"_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 56: "Alf admitted to her that he had planned to take John to live in New Zealand". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200530:_"Julia_went_out_of_the_door&nbsp;..._John_ran_after_her"-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200530:_"Julia_went_out_of_the_door&nbsp;..._John_ran_after_her"_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 30: "Julia went out of the door ... John ran after her". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn201341–42-14"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELewisohn201341–42_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn2013">Lewisohn 2013</a>, pp. 41–42. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005497-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz2005497_15-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 497. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200556:_"Hard_to_see_why_Mimi_wanted_John,_as_she_had_always_said_she_didn't_want_children"-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200556:_"Hard_to_see_why_Mimi_wanted_John,_as_she_had_always_said_she_didn't_want_children"_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 56: "Hard to see why Mimi wanted John, as she had always said she didn't want children". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200532:_"When_he_was_old_enough,_taught_John_how_to_solve_crossword_puzzles"-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200532:_"When_he_was_old_enough,_taught_John_how_to_solve_crossword_puzzles"_17-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 32: "When he was old enough, taught John how to solve crossword puzzles". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200548:_"To_get_them_started,_she_applied_the_triad_to_'Ain't_That_a_Shame<span_style="padding-right:.15em;">'"-18"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200548:_"To_get_them_started,_she_applied_the_triad_to_'Ain't_That_a_Shame<span_style="padding-right:.15em;">'"_18-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 48: "To get them started, she applied the triad to 'Ain't That a Shame'". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff2000158–59,_160–61-19"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheff2000158–59,_160–61_19-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSheff2000">Sheff 2000</a>, pp. 158–59, 160–61. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200532:_"Parkes_recalled&nbsp;..._Leila_and_John_to_the_cinema_as_often_as_three_times_a_day"-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200532:_"Parkes_recalled&nbsp;..._Leila_and_John_to_the_cinema_as_often_as_three_times_a_day"_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 32: "Parkes recalled ... Leila and John to the cinema as often as three times a day". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2009-21"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2009_21-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2009">Harry 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b702-22"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b702_22-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 702. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b819-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b819_23-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 819. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b411-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b411_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b411_24-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 411. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200532–33-25"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200532–33_25-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, pp. 32–33. </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKenny2018" class="citation book cs1">Kenny, Francis (11 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eMNjDwAAQBAJ&dq=The+Making+of+John+Lennon,+he+was+into+fight+and+bullying&pg=PT73">The Making of John Lennon</a>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-68435-036-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-68435-036-0"><bdi>978-1-68435-036-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230412065826/https://books.google.com/books?id=eMNjDwAAQBAJ&dq=The+Making+of+John+Lennon,+he+was+into+fight+and+bullying&pg=PT73">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2023. Retrieved 25 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+John+Lennon&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2018-07-11&rft.isbn=978-1-68435-036-0&rft.aulast=Kenny&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeMNjDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DThe%2BMaking%2Bof%2BJohn%2BLennon%2C%2Bhe%2Bwas%2Binto%2Bfight%2Band%2Bbullying%26pg%3DPT73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=plZzEAAAQBAJ&dq=John+Lennon+class+clown&pg=PT10">[Must Read Personalities] A life Story of John Lennon</a>. by Mocktime Publication. 5 June 2022. p. 10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230412065826/https://books.google.com/books?id=plZzEAAAQBAJ&dq=John+Lennon+class+clown&pg=PT10">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%2391%3BMust+Read+Personalities%26%2393%3B+A+life+Story+of+John+Lennon&rft.pages=10&rft.pub=by+Mocktime+Publication&rft.date=2022-06-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DplZzEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DJohn%2BLennon%2Bclass%2Bclown%26pg%3DPT10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200540-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200540_28-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 40. </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/john-lennons-first-album-71943851/">John Lennon's First Album.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230102052711/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/john-lennons-first-album-71943851/">Archived</a> 2 January 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Owen Edwards, Smithsonian.com, September 2005. Retrieved 17 September 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200545-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200545_31-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 45. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorman200889-32"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorman200889_32-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorman2008">Norman 2008</a>, p. 89. </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeichelbech2018" class="citation web cs1">Heichelbech, Rose (19 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dustyoldthing.com/john-lennons-bad-report-card/">"John Lennon's Abysmal 1956 Report Card Shows Grades Aren't Everything"</a>. Dusty Old Thing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191203042327/https://dustyoldthing.com/john-lennons-bad-report-card/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 3 October 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dusty+Old+Thing&rft.atitle=John+Lennon%27s+Abysmal+1956+Report+Card+Shows+Grades+Aren%27t+Everything&rft.date=2018-12-19&rft.aulast=Heichelbech&rft.aufirst=Rose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdustyoldthing.com%2Fjohn-lennons-bad-report-card%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199748-34"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199748_34-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, p. 48. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005326-35"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005326_35-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald 2005</a>, p. 326. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005327-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005327_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald 2005</a>, p. 327. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005100-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz2005100_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 100. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b553–555-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b553–555_38-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, pp. 553–555. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200550-39"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200550_39-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 50. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b738-40"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b738_40-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 738. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200595-41"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200595_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 95. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz200593–99-42"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz200593–99_42-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, pp. 93–99. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199744-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199744_43-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, p. 44. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199732-44"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199732_44-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, p. 32. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199738–39-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199738–39_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, pp. 38–39. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200547-46"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200547_46-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 47. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b337–338-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b337–338_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, pp. 337–338. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199747,_50-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199747,_50_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, pp. 47, 50. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199747-49"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199747_49-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, p. 47. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200564-50"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200564_50-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 64. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199757-51"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199757_51-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, p. 57. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200553-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200553_52-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 53. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles199766–67-53"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles199766–67_53-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, pp. 66–67. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200557-54"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200557_54-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 57. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Beatles200067-55"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Beatles200067_55-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Beatles2000">The Beatles 2000</a>, p. 67. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel2007-56"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrankel2007_56-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFrankel2007">Frankel 2007</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b721-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b721_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b721_57-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 721. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn198824–26:_"Twist_and_Shout,_which_had_to_be_recorded_last_because_John_Lennon_had_a_particularly_bad_cold"-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELewisohn198824–26:_"Twist_and_Shout,_which_had_to_be_recorded_last_because_John_Lennon_had_a_particularly_bad_cold"_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn1988">Lewisohn 1988</a>, pp. 24–26: "Twist and Shout, which had to be recorded last because John Lennon had a particularly bad cold". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005376:_"He_had_been_struggling_all_day_to_reach_notes,_but_this_was_different,_this_hurt"-59"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz2005376:_"He_had_been_struggling_all_day_to_reach_notes,_but_this_was_different,_this_hurt"_59-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 376: "He had been struggling all day to reach notes, but this was different, this hurt". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoggett201033-60"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoggett201033_60-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDoggett2010">Doggett 2010</a>, p. 33. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShennan2007-61"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShennan2007_61-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShennan2007">Shennan 2007</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a239–240-62"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColeman1984a239–240_62-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFColeman1984a">Coleman 1984a</a>, pp. 239–240. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELondon_Gazette19655487–5489-63"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELondon_Gazette19655487–5489_63-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLondon_Gazette1965">London Gazette 1965</a>, pp. 5487–5489. </li> <li 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Retrieved 23 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=John+Lennon%27s+Killer%2C+Mark+David+Chapman%2C+Denied+Parole+for+the+12th+Time&rft.date=2022-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2Fmark-david-chapman-john-lennon-killer-denied-parole-1234592079%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman2001277-184"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadman2001277_184-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBadman2001">Badman 2001</a>, p. 277. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman2001279-185"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadman2001279_185-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBadman2001">Badman 2001</a>, p. 279. </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/all-the-number-1-singles__7931/#1980s">"All The Number 1 Singles"</a>. The Official Charts Company. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210326223222/https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/all-the-number-1-singles__7931/#1980s">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Official+Charts+Company&rft.atitle=All+The+Number+1+Singles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.officialcharts.com%2Fchart-news%2Fall-the-number-1-singles__7931%2F%231980s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200517–23-187"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200517–23_187-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, pp. 17–23. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200521-188"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200521_188-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200589–95-189"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200589–95_189-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, pp. 89–95. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b492–493-190"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b492–493_190-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, pp. 492–493. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200537-191"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200537_191-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 37. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"After_three_months,_he_phoned_me_and_asked_me_to_go_back_to_him._It_had_taken_him_that_long_to_pluck_up_the_courage._He_apologized_for_hitting_me_and_said_it_would_never_happen_again"-192"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"After_three_months,_he_phoned_me_and_asked_me_to_go_back_to_him._It_had_taken_him_that_long_to_pluck_up_the_courage._He_apologized_for_hitting_me_and_said_it_would_never_happen_again"_192-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 38: "After three months, he phoned me and asked me to go back to him. It had taken him that long to pluck up the courage. He apologized for hitting me and said it would never happen again". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"He_was_deeply_ashamed_of_what_he_had_done:_I_think_he_had_been_shocked_to_discover_he_had_it_in_him_to_hit_me._So,_although_he_was_still_verbally_cutting_and_unkind,_he_was_never_again_physically_violent_to_me._As_we_grew_closer,_in_the_second_phase_of_our_romance,_even_his_verbal_putdowns_and_attacks_diminished"-193"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200538:_"He_was_deeply_ashamed_of_what_he_had_done:_I_think_he_had_been_shocked_to_discover_he_had_it_in_him_to_hit_me._So,_although_he_was_still_verbally_cutting_and_unkind,_he_was_never_again_physically_violent_to_me._As_we_grew_closer,_in_the_second_phase_of_our_romance,_even_his_verbal_putdowns_and_attacks_diminished"_193-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 38: "He was deeply ashamed of what he had done: I think he had been shocked to discover he had it in him to hit me. So, although he was still verbally cutting and unkind, he was never again physically violent to me. As we grew closer, in the second phase of our romance, even his verbal putdowns and attacks diminished". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff2000182-194"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheff2000182_194-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSheff2000">Sheff 2000</a>, p. 182. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200591-195"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200591_195-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 91. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b493–495-196"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b493–495_196-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, pp. 493–495. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005113-197"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005113_197-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 113. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b496–497-198"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b496–497_198-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, pp. 496–497. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWarner_Brothers1988-199"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWarner_Brothers1988_199-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWarner_Brothers1988">Warner Brothers 1988</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005211–213-200"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005211–213_200-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, pp. 211–213. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005213-201"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005213_201-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 213. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005214–215:_"I_was_in_shock,_[...]_It_was_clear_that_they_had_arranged_for_me_to_find_them_like_that_and_the_cruelty_of_John's_betrayal_was_hard_to_absorb",_"I_felt_utterly_humiliated,_and_longed_to_disappear._[...]_Their_intimacy_had_been_so_powerful_that_I_had_felt_like_a_stranger_in_my_own_home"-202"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005214–215:_"I_was_in_shock,_[...]_It_was_clear_that_they_had_arranged_for_me_to_find_them_like_that_and_the_cruelty_of_John's_betrayal_was_hard_to_absorb",_"I_felt_utterly_humiliated,_and_longed_to_disappear._[...]_Their_intimacy_had_been_so_powerful_that_I_had_felt_like_a_stranger_in_my_own_home"_202-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, pp. 214–215: "I was in shock, [...] It was clear that they had arranged for me to find them like that and the cruelty of John's betrayal was hard to absorb", "I felt utterly humiliated, and longed to disappear. [...] Their intimacy had been so powerful that I had felt like a stranger in my own home". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005221-203"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005221_203-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 221. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005222:_"It_was_laughable._Roberto_had_been_kind_and_a_good_friend,_but_I_had_never_been_unfaithful_to_John._It_was_his_attempt_to_make_himself_feel_better_about_what_he_was_doing"-204"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005222:_"It_was_laughable._Roberto_had_been_kind_and_a_good_friend,_but_I_had_never_been_unfaithful_to_John._It_was_his_attempt_to_make_himself_feel_better_about_what_he_was_doing"_204-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 222: "It was laughable. Roberto had been kind and a good friend, but I had never been unfaithful to John. It was his attempt to make himself feel better about what he was doing". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005229-205"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005229_205-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 229. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005305–306:_"He_had_agreed_that_I_should_have_custody_of_Julian",_"He_raised_his_offer_to_£100,_000"-206"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005305–306:_"He_had_agreed_that_I_should_have_custody_of_Julian",_"He_raised_his_offer_to_£100,_000"_206-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, pp. 305–306: "He had agreed that I should have custody of Julian", "He raised his offer to £100, 000". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELewisohn2013-207"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELewisohn2013_207-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLewisohn2013">Lewisohn 2013</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a232-208"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a232_208-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000a">Harry 2000a</a>, p. 232. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a1165,_1169-209"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a1165,_1169_209-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000a">Harry 2000a</a>, pp. 1165, 1169. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon200594,_119–120-210"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon200594,_119–120_210-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, pp. 94, 119–120. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a1169-211"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000a1169_211-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000a">Harry 2000a</a>, p. 1169. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b232-212">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b232_212-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b232_212-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 232. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992298–299-213"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColeman1992298–299_213-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFColeman1992">Coleman 1992</a>, pp. 298–299. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorman2008503-214"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorman2008503_214-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorman2008">Norman 2008</a>, p. 503. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005206-215"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacDonald2005206_215-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMacDonald2005">MacDonald 2005</a>, p. 206. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b517-216"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b517_216-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 517. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b574-217"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b574_217-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 574. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b341-218"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b341_218-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 341. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPang2008back_cover-219"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPang2008back_cover_219-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPang2008">Pang 2008</a>, back cover. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005252–255-220"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005252–255_220-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, pp. 252–255. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon2005258-221">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005258_221-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon2005258_221-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon2005">Lennon 2005</a>, p. 258. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETimes_Online2009-222"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETimes_Online2009_222-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTimes_Online2009">Times Online 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff200063-223">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheff200063_223-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheff200063_223-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSheff2000">Sheff 2000</a>, p. 63. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBadman2003393-224"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBadman2003393_224-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBadman2003">Badman 2003</a>, p. 393. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b682-225"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b682_225-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 682. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESheff2000104-226"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESheff2000104_226-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSheff2000">Sheff 2000</a>, p. 104. </li> <li id="cite_note-MOMA-227"><a href="#cite_ref-MOMA_227-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/audio/playlist/15/368">"Apple. Yoko Ono. 1966"</a>. Museum of Modern Art. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180113092939/https://www.moma.org/audio/playlist/15/368">Archived</a> from the original on 13 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple.+Yoko+Ono.+1966.&rft.pub=Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moma.org%2Faudio%2Fplaylist%2F15%2F368&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles2001246-228"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles2001246_228-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles2001">Miles 2001</a>, p. 246. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiles1997272-229"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiles1997272_229-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMiles1997">Miles 1997</a>, p. 272. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b683-231"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b683_231-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 683. </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Two_Virgins" class="mw-redirect" title="Two Virgins">Two Virgins</a> liner notes </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELennon1978183-233"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELennon1978183_233-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLennon1978">Lennon 1978</a>, p. 183. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpitz2005800-234"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpitz2005800_234-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpitz2005">Spitz 2005</a>, p. 800. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992705-235"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColeman1992705_235-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFColeman1992">Coleman 1992</a>, p. 705. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKruse200916-236"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKruse200916_236-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKruse2009">Kruse 2009</a>, p. 16. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b276-237"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarry2000b276_237-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarry2000b">Harry 2000b</a>, p. 276. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColeman1992550-238"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColeman1992550_238-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFColeman1992">Coleman 1992</a>, p. 550. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorman2008615_et_seq-239"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorman2008615_et_seq_239-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNorman2008">Norman 2008</a>, p. 615 et seq. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEmerickMassey2006279–280-240"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEmerickMassey2006279–280_240-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEmerickMassey2006">Emerick & Massey 2006</a>, pp. 279–280. </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/07/nyregion/07appraisal.html">"Sharing the Dakota With John Lennon"</a>. The New York Times. 6 December 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/07/nyregion/07appraisal.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2022. 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London: <a href="/wiki/Pimlico" title="Pimlico">Pimlico</a>. pp. 107–108. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84413-093-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84413-093-1"><bdi>978-1-84413-093-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+People%27s+Music&rft.place=London&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E107-%3C%2Fspan%3E108&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-84413-093-1&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpeoplesmusic0000macd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-333"><a href="#cite_ref-333">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEvans2014" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Mike, ed. 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Retrieved 13 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mercury+Crater+Named+After+John+Lennon&rft.pub=Space.com&rft.date=2013-12-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F24034-mercury-crater-name-john-lennon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-356"><a href="#cite_ref-356">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/john-lennon-glasses-guard-trnd/index.html">"She has one job: Guard John Lennon's glasses"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220110160440/https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/john-lennon-glasses-guard-trnd/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=She+has+one+job%3A+Guard+John+Lennon%27s+glasses&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2Ftravel%2Farticle%2Fjohn-lennon-glasses-guard-trnd%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010a-357"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010a_357-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllmusic2010a">Allmusic 2010a</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-358"><a href="#cite_ref-358">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1044523/hot-100-anniversary-most-no-1s-by-artist">"Most No. 1s By Artist (All-Time)"</a>. Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222231708/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1044523/hot-100-anniversary-most-no-1s-by-artist">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Most+No.+1s+By+Artist+%28All-Time%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F1044523%2Fhot-100-anniversary-most-no-1s-by-artist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010e-359"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010e_359-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllmusic2010e">Allmusic 2010e</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010c-360"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010c_360-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllmusic2010c">Allmusic 2010c</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010d-361"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAllmusic2010d_361-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAllmusic2010d">Allmusic 2010d</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERIAA2010b-363"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERIAA2010b_363-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRIAA2010b">RIAA 2010b</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenberg2010202-364"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenberg2010202_364-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenberg2010">Greenberg 2010</a>, p. 202. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERIAA2010a-365"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERIAA2010a_365-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRIAA2010a">RIAA 2010a</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrit_Awards1982-366"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrit_Awards1982_366-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrit_Awards1982">Brit Awards 1982</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2002-367"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBBC_News2002_367-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBBC_News2002">BBC News 2002</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrowne2008-368"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrowne2008_368-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrowne2008">Browne 2008</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2008-369">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2008_369-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2008_369-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFRolling_Stone2008">Rolling Stone 2008</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2003-370"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERolling_Stone2003_370-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRolling_Stone2003">Rolling Stone 2003</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-371"><a href="#cite_ref-371">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-16736495">"Queen's honours: People who have turned them down named"</a>. BBC News. 26 January 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512201145/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-16736495">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Queen%27s+honours%3A+People+who+have+turned+them+down+named&rft.date=2012-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-16736495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELondon_Gazette19655488-372"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELondon_Gazette19655488_372-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLondon_Gazette1965">London Gazette 1965</a>, p. 5488. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESongwriters_Hall_of_Fame2015-373"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESongwriters_Hall_of_Fame2015_373-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSongwriters_Hall_of_Fame2015">Songwriters Hall of Fame 2015</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1994-374"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1994_374-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1994">The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum 1994</a>. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAli2006" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Ali, Tariq</a> (20 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2006/dec/20/johnlennonthefbiandme">"John Lennon, the FBI and me"</a>. The Guardian. UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131020053231/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2006/dec/20/johnlennonthefbiandme">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=John+Lennon%2C+the+FBI+and+me&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft.au=Ali%2C+Tariq&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2006%2Fdec%2F20%2Fjohnlennonthefbiandme&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAllmusic2010e" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/david-bowie-p3753/charts-awards/billboard-singles">"David Bowie – Billboard Singles"</a>. AllMusic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101119032707/http://allmusic.com/artist/david-bowie-p3753/charts-awards/billboard-singles">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Bowie+%E2%80%93+Billboard+Singles&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fdavid-bowie-p3753%2Fcharts-awards%2Fbillboard-singles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAllmusic2010c" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/elton-john-p4617/charts-awards/billboard-singles">"Elton John – Billboard Singles"</a>. AllMusic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110107065450/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/elton-john-p4617/charts-awards/billboard-singles">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elton+John+%E2%80%93+Billboard+Singles&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Felton-john-p4617%2Fcharts-awards%2Fbillboard-singles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAllmusic2010a" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/john-lennon-p4744/charts-awards/billboard-singles">"John Lennon – Billboard Singles"</a>. AllMusic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075408/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/john-lennon-mn0000232564">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Lennon+%E2%80%93+Billboard+Singles&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fjohn-lennon-p4744%2Fcharts-awards%2Fbillboard-singles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAllmusic2010f" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100923150541/http://www.cmc.dk/">"John Lennon Discography, Singles & EPs, Happy Xmas (War is Over)"</a>. AllMusic. 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AllMusic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075410/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/peter-gordon-mn0000264860">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Peter+and+Gordon+%E2%80%93+Billboard+Singles&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fpeter-gordon-p5136%2Fcharts-awards%2Fbillboard-singles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAllmusic2010b" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-beatles-p3644/charts-awards/billboard-singles">"The Beatles – Billboard Singles"</a>. AllMusic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110107055132/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-beatles-p3644/charts-awards/billboard-singles">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+%E2%80%93+Billboard+Singles&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fthe-beatles-p3644%2Fcharts-awards%2Fbillboard-singles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2010" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, Jennifer Joline (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/johnlennonlegend0000ande">John Lennon: Legendary Musician & Beatle</a>. ABDO Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60453-790-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60453-790-1"><bdi>978-1-60453-790-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved 24 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Lennon%3A+Legendary+Musician+%26+Beatle&rft.pub=ABDO+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-60453-790-1&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Jennifer+Joline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjohnlennonlegend0000ande&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBabiuk2002" class="citation book cs1">Babiuk, Andy (2002). Beatles Gear. 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Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Off+The+Record%3A+The+Dream+Is+Over&rft.pub=Omnibus+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7119-9199-6&rft.au=Badman%2C+Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9SISX2yM-VsC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2002" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/2208671.stm">"100 great British heroes"</a>. BBC News. 21 August 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101044003/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/2208671.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=100+great+British+heroes&rft.date=2002-08-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2Ftv_and_radio%2F2208671.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2007a" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/15/newsid_2533000/2533131.stm">"1969: Millions march in US Vietnam Moratorium"</a>. BBC News. 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180214074028/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/15/newsid_2533000/2533131.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=1969%3A+Millions+march+in+US+Vietnam+Moratorium&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Foctober%2F15%2Fnewsid_2533000%2F2533131.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2007b" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/music/sites/beatles/pages/bangor-1967.shtml">"The Beatles in Bangor"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125043924/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/music/sites/beatles/pages/bangor-1967.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+Beatles+in+Bangor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fwales%2Fmusic%2Fsites%2Fbeatles%2Fpages%2Fbangor-1967.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2000" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/648607.stm">"Judge releases Lennon letters"</a>. BBC News. 19 February 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110811044657/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/648607.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Judge+releases+Lennon+letters&rft.date=2000-02-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F648607.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2006a" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6040148.stm">"Lennon filmmakers credit campaign"</a>. BBC News. 12 October 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071006034215/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6040148.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2007. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Lennon+filmmakers+credit+campaign&rft.date=2006-10-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F6040148.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2006b" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4849940.stm">"Lennon ship log book up for sale"</a>. BBC News. 27 March 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210427220649/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4849940.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Lennon+ship+log+book+up+for+sale&rft.date=2006-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F4849940.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2005" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A5950929">"The Lennon–McCartney Songwriting Partnership"</a>. BBC News. 4 November 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110930035400/http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A5950929">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=The+Lennon%E2%80%93McCartney+Songwriting+Partnership&rft.date=2005-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fdna%2Fh2g2%2FA5950929&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2006c" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4786289.stm">"US chat show veteran Douglas dies"</a>. BBC News. 12 August 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210305074044/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4786289.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=US+chat+show+veteran+Douglas+dies&rft.date=2006-08-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F4786289.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBBC_News2010a" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-11222780">"Lennon killer is denied parole for the sixth time"</a>. BBC News. 7 September 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100907194649/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-11222780">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2010. Retrieved 8 September 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Lennon+killer+is+denied+parole+for+the+sixth+time&rft.date=2010-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-11222780&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBennahum1991" class="citation book cs1">Bennahum, David (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7gGr2GolnXoC&pg=PP1">The Beatles After the Break-Up: In Their Own Words</a>. Omnibus Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7119-2558-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7119-2558-8"><bdi>978-0-7119-2558-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075417/https://books.google.com/books?id=7gGr2GolnXoC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+After+the+Break-Up%3A+In+Their+Own+Words&rft.pub=Omnibus+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-7119-2558-8&rft.au=Bennahum%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7gGr2GolnXoC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBlaney2005" class="citation book cs1">Blaney, John (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZuCZR7MiDA0C&pg=PP1">John Lennon: Listen to this Book</a>. Paper Jukebox. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9544528-1-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9544528-1-0"><bdi>978-0-9544528-1-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075420/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZuCZR7MiDA0C&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Lennon%3A+Listen+to+this+Book&rft.pub=Paper+Jukebox&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-9544528-1-0&rft.au=Blaney%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZuCZR7MiDA0C%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBright2000" class="citation news cs1">Bright, Martin (20 February 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/feb/20/northernireland.martinbright">"Lennon aided IRA, claims MI5 renegade"</a>. The Guardian. UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221009134825/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/feb/20/northernireland.martinbright">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Lennon+aided+IRA%2C+claims+MI5+renegade&rft.date=2000-02-20&rft.au=Bright%2C+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2000%2Ffeb%2F20%2Fnorthernireland.martinbright&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTimes_Online2009" class="citation news cs1">Brooks, Richard (13 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110617012950/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6492509.ece?token=null&offset=12&page=2">"Julian Lennon gives family peace a chance"</a>. The Times. UK. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6492509.ece?token=null&offset=12&page=2">the original</a> on 17 June 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Julian+Lennon+gives+family+peace+a+chance&rft.date=2009-06-13&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Farts_and_entertainment%2Fmusic%2Farticle6492509.ece%3Ftoken%3Dnull%26offset%3D12%26page%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrooks2005" class="citation news cs1">Brooks, Xan (23 September 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/sep/23/arts.thebeatles">"Lennon too stoned to be a revolutionary"</a>. The Guardian. UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130829174421/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/sep/23/arts.thebeatles">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2013. Retrieved 22 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Lennon+too+stoned+to+be+a+revolutionary&rft.date=2005-09-23&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Xan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2005%2Fsep%2F23%2Farts.thebeatles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrown1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Brown_(music_industry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Brown (music industry)">Brown, Peter</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/loveyoumakein00brow">The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of The Beatles</a>. <a href="/wiki/McGraw_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="McGraw Hill">McGraw Hill</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-07-008159-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-07-008159-8"><bdi>978-0-07-008159-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Love+You+Make%3A+An+Insider%27s+Story+of+The+Beatles&rft.pub=McGraw+Hill&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-07-008159-8&rft.au=Brown%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Floveyoumakein00brow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrowne2008" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Browne" title="Jackson Browne">Browne, Jackson</a> (12 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100920070229/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/6027/32782/32831">"100 Greatest Singers of All Time"</a>. Rolling Stone. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/6027/32782/32831">the original</a> on 20 September 2010. Retrieved 10 September 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=100+Greatest+Singers+of+All+Time&rft.date=2008-11-12&rft.au=Browne%2C+Jackson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Flists%2F6027%2F32782%2F32831&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBuchanan2009" class="citation web cs1">Buchanan, Jason (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmovie.com/work/twenty-to-life-the-life-and-times-of-john-sinclair-316826">"Overview of Twenty to Life: The Life and Times of John Sinclair"</a>. AllMovie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090523153914/http://www.allmovie.com/work/twenty-to-life-the-life-and-times-of-john-sinclair-316826">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2009. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+of+Twenty+to+Life%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+John+Sinclair&rft.pub=AllMovie&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Buchanan%2C+Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmovie.com%2Fwork%2Ftwenty-to-life-the-life-and-times-of-john-sinclair-316826&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCalkin2002" class="citation web cs1">Calkin, Graham (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpgr.co.uk/c8306142.html">"Anthology"</a>. Graham Calkin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514032638/http://www.jpgr.co.uk/c8306142.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anthology&rft.pub=Graham+Calkin&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Calkin%2C+Graham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpgr.co.uk%2Fc8306142.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCherry2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ava_Cherry" title="Ava Cherry">Cherry, Ava</a> (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zim-zgEACAAJ">All That Glitters</a>. Aquarius Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-73676-776-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-73676-776-4"><bdi>978-1-73676-776-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230412065831/https://books.google.com/books?id=zim-zgEACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+That+Glitters&rft.pub=Aquarius+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-73676-776-4&rft.au=Cherry%2C+Ava&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzim-zgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFClark2002" class="citation news cs1">Clark, Neil (11 May 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/11th-may-2002/24/han-ratty-deserved-to-die">"Hanratty Deserved to Die"</a>. The Spectator. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151124081841/http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/11th-may-2002/24/han-ratty-deserved-to-die">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 23 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Spectator&rft.atitle=Hanratty+Deserved+to+Die&rft.date=2002-05-11&rft.au=Clark%2C+Neil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.spectator.co.uk%2Farticle%2F11th-may-2002%2F24%2Fhan-ratty-deserved-to-die&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCleave2007" class="citation news cs1">Cleave, Maureen (5 October 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3646983/The-John-Lennon-I-knew.html">"The John Lennon I Knew"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3646983/The-John-Lennon-I-knew.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+John+Lennon+I+Knew&rft.date=2005-10-05&rft.au=Cleave%2C+Maureen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fmusic%2Frockandjazzmusic%2F3646983%2FThe-John-Lennon-I-knew.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCohn2010–2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Cohn, Jonathan. "The Lost Lennon Tapes". Rolling Stone. No. 1120/1121. 23 December 2010, 6 January 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=The+Lost+Lennon+Tapes&rft.issue=1120%2F1121&rft.au=Cohn%2C+Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFColeman1984a" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Coleman" title="Ray Coleman">Coleman, Ray</a> (1984). John Winston Lennon. Sidjwick & Jackson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-283-98942-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-283-98942-1"><bdi>978-0-283-98942-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Winston+Lennon&rft.pub=Sidjwick+%26+Jackson&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-283-98942-1&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Ray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFColeman1984b" class="citation book cs1">Coleman, Ray (1984). John Ono Lennon: Volume 2 1967–1980. Sidgwick & Jackson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-283-99082-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-283-99082-3"><bdi>978-0-283-99082-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Ono+Lennon%3A+Volume+2+1967%E2%80%931980&rft.pub=Sidgwick+%26+Jackson&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-283-99082-3&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Ray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFColeman1992" class="citation book cs1">Coleman, Ray (1992). Lennon: The Definitive Biography. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">Harper</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-098608-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-098608-7"><bdi>978-0-06-098608-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lennon%3A+The+Definitive+Biography&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-06-098608-7&rft.au=Coleman%2C+Ray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDeming2008" class="citation web cs1">Deming, Mark (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmovie.com/work/john-lennon-live-in-new-york-city-26375">"Overview of John Lennon: Live in New York City"</a>. AllMovie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090625235210/http://www.allmovie.com/work/john-lennon-live-in-new-york-city-26375">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2009. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+of+John+Lennon%3A+Live+in+New+York+City&rft.pub=AllMovie&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Deming%2C+Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmovie.com%2Fwork%2Fjohn-lennon-live-in-new-york-city-26375&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDoggett2010" class="citation book cs1">Doggett, Peter (2010). <a href="/wiki/You_Never_Give_Me_Your_Money_(book)" title="You Never Give Me Your Money (book)">You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup</a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-177446-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-177446-1"><bdi>978-0-06-177446-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=You+Never+Give+Me+Your+Money%3A+The+Beatles+After+the+Breakup&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-06-177446-1&rft.au=Doggett%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThe_Editors_of_Rolling_Stone2002" class="citation book cs1">The Editors of Rolling Stone (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/harrison00fine">Harrison</a>. New York, NY: Rolling Stone Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-3581-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-3581-5"><bdi>978-0-7432-3581-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Harrison&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Rolling+Stone+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7432-3581-5&rft.au=The+Editors+of+%27%27Rolling+Stone%27%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fharrison00fine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdmondson2010" class="citation book cs1">Edmondson, Jacqueline (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tl7czOvfPgwC&pg=PP1">John Lennon: A Biography</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37938-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-37938-3"><bdi>978-0-313-37938-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075417/https://books.google.com/books?id=Tl7czOvfPgwC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Lennon%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-313-37938-3&rft.au=Edmondson%2C+Jacqueline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTl7czOvfPgwC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEmerickMassey2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Emerick" title="Geoff Emerick">Emerick, Geoff</a>; Massey, Howard (2006). Here, There and Everywhere: My Life Recording the Music of the Beatles. <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59240-179-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59240-179-6"><bdi>978-1-59240-179-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Here%2C+There+and+Everywhere%3A+My+Life+Recording+the+Music+of+the+Beatles&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-59240-179-6&rft.au=Emerick%2C+Geoff&rft.au=Massey%2C+Howard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEverett1999" class="citation book cs1">Everett, Walter (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eTkHAldi4bEC&pg=PP1">The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver through the Anthology</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-512941-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-512941-0"><bdi>978-0-19-512941-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230121092004/https://books.google.com/books?id=eTkHAldi4bEC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+as+Musicians%3A+Revolver+through+the+Anthology&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512941-0&rft.au=Everett%2C+Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeTkHAldi4bEC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEverett2001" class="citation book cs1">Everett, Walter (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beatlesasmusicia00ever">The Beatles as Musicians: The Quarry Men through Rubber Soul</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514104-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514104-7"><bdi>978-0-19-514104-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+as+Musicians%3A+The+Quarry+Men+through+Rubber+Soul&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-514104-7&rft.au=Everett%2C+Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeatlesasmusicia00ever&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFawcett1976" class="citation book cs1">Fawcett, Anthony (1976). John Lennon: One Day at a Time. Evergreen. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-17754-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-17754-0"><bdi>978-0-394-17754-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Lennon%3A+One+Day+at+a+Time&rft.pub=Evergreen&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-394-17754-0&rft.au=Fawcett%2C+Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFrankel2007" class="citation news cs1">Frankel, Glenn (26 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/21/AR2007082101714_4.html">"Nowhere Man (p4)"</a>. The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121106134407/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/21/AR2007082101714_4.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Nowhere+Man+%28p4%29&rft.date=2007-08-26&rft.au=Frankel%2C+Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2007%2F08%2F21%2FAR2007082101714_4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFriedman2005" class="citation book cs1">Friedman, John S. (2005). The Secret Histories: Hidden Truths that Challenged the Past and Changed the World. Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-42517-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-42517-3"><bdi>978-0-312-42517-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secret+Histories%3A+Hidden+Truths+that+Challenged+the+Past+and+Changed+the+World&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-312-42517-3&rft.au=Friedman%2C+John+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGerson1971" class="citation magazine cs1">Gerson, Ben (28 October 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120912063145/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/reviews/album/2747/21015">"Imagine"</a>. Rolling Stone. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/reviews/album/2747/21015">the original</a> on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Imagine&rft.date=1971-10-28&rft.au=Gerson%2C+Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Freviews%2Falbum%2F2747%2F21015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGinell2009" class="citation web cs1">Ginell, Richard S. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/r11541">"Milk and Honey Review"</a>. AllMusic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075409/https://www.allmusic.com/album/milk-and-honey-mw0000650408">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Milk+and+Honey+Review&rft.pub=AllMusic&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Ginell%2C+Richard+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Fr11541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGlenn2009" class="citation news cs1">Glenn, Alan (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121114181138/http://annarborchronicle.com/2009/12/27/the-day-a-beatle-came-to-town/">"The Day a Beatle Came to Town"</a>. The Ann Arbor Chronicle. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://annarborchronicle.com/2009/12/27/the-day-a-beatle-came-to-town/">the original</a> on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ann+Arbor+Chronicle&rft.atitle=The+Day+a+Beatle+Came+to+Town&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Glenn%2C+Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fannarborchronicle.com%2F2009%2F12%2F27%2Fthe-day-a-beatle-came-to-town%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGoldman2001" class="citation book cs1">Goldman, Albert Harry (2001). The Lives of John Lennon. Chicago Review Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55652-399-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55652-399-1"><bdi>978-1-55652-399-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lives+of+John+Lennon&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-55652-399-1&rft.au=Goldman%2C+Albert+Harry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGoodman1984" class="citation news cs1">Goodman, Joan (December 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beatlesinterviews.org/db1984.pmpb.beatles.html">"Playboy Interview with Paul and Linda McCartney"</a>. Playboy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200531082933/http://www.beatlesinterviews.org/db1984.pmpb.beatles.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Playboy&rft.atitle=Playboy+Interview+with+Paul+and+Linda+McCartney&rft.date=1984-12&rft.au=Goodman%2C+Joan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beatlesinterviews.org%2Fdb1984.pmpb.beatles.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGould2008" class="citation book cs1">Gould, Jonathan (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EvKzN_W-l6oC&pg=PP1">Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America</a>. Piatkus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7499-2988-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7499-2988-6"><bdi>978-0-7499-2988-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075423/https://books.google.com/books?id=EvKzN_W-l6oC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Can%27t+Buy+Me+Love%3A+The+Beatles%2C+Britain+and+America&rft.pub=Piatkus&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7499-2988-6&rft.au=Gould%2C+Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEvKzN_W-l6oC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFgrammy.com" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100501055717/http://www2.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners/">"Grammy Award Winners"</a>. National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.grammy.com/GRAMMY_Awards/Winners">the original</a> on 1 May 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grammy+Award+Winners&rft.pub=National+Academy+of+Recording+Arts+and+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.grammy.com%2FGRAMMY_Awards%2FWinners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search">http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151219095456/http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search">Archived</a> 19 December 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGregory2007" class="citation book cs1">Gregory, Chris (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wFtN17DtqwIC&pg=PP1">Who Could Ask For More: Reclaiming The Beatles</a>. The Plotted Plain Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9557512-0-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9557512-0-2"><bdi>978-0-9557512-0-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075417/https://books.google.com/books?id=wFtN17DtqwIC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+Could+Ask+For+More%3A+Reclaiming+The+Beatles&rft.pub=The+Plotted+Plain+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-9557512-0-2&rft.au=Gregory%2C+Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwFtN17DtqwIC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGreenberg2010" class="citation book cs1">Greenberg, Keith Elliot (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Lho3352UOFIC&pg=PP1">December 8, 1980: The Day John Lennon Died</a>. Backbeat Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87930-963-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87930-963-3"><bdi>978-0-87930-963-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075424/https://books.google.com/books?id=Lho3352UOFIC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=December+8%2C+1980%3A+The+Day+John+Lennon+Died&rft.pub=Backbeat+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-87930-963-3&rft.au=Greenberg%2C+Keith+Elliot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLho3352UOFIC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarry2000a" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Harry" title="Bill Harry">Harry, Bill</a> (2000). The Beatles Encyclopedia: Revised and Updated. Virgin Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7535-0481-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7535-0481-9"><bdi>978-0-7535-0481-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Encyclopedia%3A+Revised+and+Updated&rft.pub=Virgin+Publishing&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7535-0481-9&rft.au=Harry%2C+Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarry2000b" class="citation book cs1">Harry, Bill (2000). The John Lennon Encyclopedia. Virgin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7535-0404-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7535-0404-8"><bdi>978-0-7535-0404-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+John+Lennon+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Virgin&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7535-0404-8&rft.au=Harry%2C+Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarry2009" class="citation news cs1">Harry, Bill (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/beatles/johnlennon-blackpool2.shtml">"John Lennon and Blackpool"</a>. Mersey Beat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101213194226/http://www.triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/beatles/johnlennon-blackpool2.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2010. Retrieved 5 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mersey+Beat&rft.atitle=John+Lennon+and+Blackpool&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Harry%2C+Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftriumphpc.com%2Fmersey-beat%2Fbeatles%2Fjohnlennon-blackpool2.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHolsinger1999" class="citation book cs1">Holsinger, M. Paul (1999). War and American popular culture: a historical encyclopedia, Volume 1998. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-29908-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-29908-7"><bdi>978-0-313-29908-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+and+American+popular+culture%3A+a+historical+encyclopedia%2C+Volume+1998&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-313-29908-7&rft.au=Holsinger%2C+M.+Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoppa2010" class="citation news cs1">Hoppa, Jocelyn (10 November 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101121020722/http://www.crawdaddy.com/index.php/2010/11/12/celluloid-heroes-john-lennon-and-how-i-won-the-war/">"Celluloid Heroes: John Lennon and How I Won the War"</a>. Crawdaddy!. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crawdaddy.com/index.php/2010/11/12/celluloid-heroes-john-lennon-and-how-i-won-the-war/">the original</a> on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 15 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Crawdaddy%21&rft.atitle=Celluloid+Heroes%3A+John+Lennon+and+How+I+Won+the+War&rft.date=2010-11-10&rft.au=Hoppa%2C+Jocelyn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crawdaddy.com%2Findex.php%2F2010%2F11%2F12%2Fcelluloid-heroes-john-lennon-and-how-i-won-the-war%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIngham2006" class="citation book cs1">Ingham, Chris (2006). The Rough Guide to The Beatles. Rough Guides. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84353-720-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84353-720-5"><bdi>978-1-84353-720-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+The+Beatles&rft.pub=Rough+Guides&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84353-720-5&rft.au=Ingham%2C+Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJackson2012" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Andrew Grant (2012). Still the Greatest: The Essential Solo Beatles Songs. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8222-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8222-5"><bdi>978-0-8108-8222-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Still+the+Greatest%3A+The+Essential+Solo+Beatles+Songs&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-8222-5&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Andrew+Grant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKruse2009" class="citation book cs1">Kruse, Robert J. II (2009). "Geographies of John and Yoko's 1969 Campaign for Peace: An Intersection of Celebrity, Space, Art, and Activism". In Johansson, Ola; Bell, Thomas L. (eds.). Sound, Society and the Geography of Popular Music. Ashgate. pp. 11–32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-7577-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-7577-8"><bdi>978-0-7546-7577-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Geographies+of+John+and+Yoko%27s+1969+Campaign+for+Peace%3A+An+Intersection+of+Celebrity%2C+Space%2C+Art%2C+and+Activism&rft.btitle=Sound%2C+Society+and+the+Geography+of+Popular+Music&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E11-%3C%2Fspan%3E32&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-7577-8&rft.au=Kruse%2C+Robert+J.+II&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLandau1974" class="citation magazine cs1">Landau, Jon (3 January 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101119004814/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/reviews/album/2747/21008">"Mind games"</a>. Rolling Stone. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/reviews/album/2747/21008">the original</a> on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 12 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Mind+games&rft.date=1974-01-03&rft.au=Landau%2C+Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Freviews%2Falbum%2F2747%2F21008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLavezzoli2006" class="citation book cs1">Lavezzoli, Peter (2006). The Dawn of Indian Music in the West. New York, NY: Continuum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8264-2819-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8264-2819-3"><bdi>0-8264-2819-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dawn+of+Indian+Music+in+the+West&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-8264-2819-3&rft.aulast=Lavezzoli&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLawrence2005" class="citation book cs1">Lawrence, Ken (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZVuA3J2ZEYIC&pg=PP1">John Lennon: In His Own Words</a>. Andrews McMeel Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7407-5477-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7407-5477-7"><bdi>978-0-7407-5477-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075419/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZVuA3J2ZEYIC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. 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Hal Leonard. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4234-5531-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4234-5531-8"><bdi>978-1-4234-5531-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Modern+Era+of+the+Les+Paul+Legacy%3A+1968%E2%80%932008&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4234-5531-8&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+Robb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLennon1978" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lennon" title="Cynthia Lennon">Lennon, Cynthia</a> (1978). A Twist of Lennon. Avon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-380-45450-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-380-45450-1"><bdi>978-0-380-45450-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Twist+of+Lennon&rft.pub=Avon&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-380-45450-1&rft.au=Lennon%2C+Cynthia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLennon2005" class="citation book cs1">Lennon, Cynthia (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/john00lenno">John</a>. Crown Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-33855-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-33855-6"><bdi>978-0-307-33855-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John&rft.pub=Crown+Publishers&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-307-33855-6&rft.au=Lennon%2C+Cynthia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjohn00lenno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLewisohn1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Lewisohn" title="Mark Lewisohn">Lewisohn, Mark</a> (1988). <a href="/wiki/The_Complete_Beatles_Recording_Sessions" title="The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions">The Beatles Recording Sessions</a>. Harmony Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-517-57066-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-517-57066-1"><bdi>978-0-517-57066-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Recording+Sessions&rft.pub=Harmony+Books&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-517-57066-1&rft.au=Lewisohn%2C+Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLewisohn2000" class="citation book cs1">Lewisohn, Mark (2000) [1992]. The Complete Beatles Chronicle: The Only Definitive Guide to the Beatles' Entire Career. London: Hamlyn. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-600-60033-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-600-60033-5"><bdi>0-600-60033-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Beatles+Chronicle%3A+The+Only+Definitive+Guide+to+the+Beatles%27+Entire+Career&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hamlyn&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-600-60033-5&rft.aulast=Lewisohn&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLewisohn2013" class="citation book cs1">Lewisohn, Mark (2013). <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_All_These_Years" title="The Beatles: All These Years">The Beatles: All These Years</a>, Volume 1. New York: Crown Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-8305-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4000-8305-3"><bdi>978-1-4000-8305-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles%3A+All+These+Years%2C+Volume+1&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Crown+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4000-8305-3&rft.aulast=Lewisohn&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLogan1967" class="citation news cs1">Logan, Nick (25 November 1967). "Magical Mystery Tour". NME. UK.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NME&rft.atitle=Magical+Mystery+Tour&rft.date=1967-11-25&rft.au=Logan%2C+Nick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLoker2009" class="citation book cs1">Loker, Bradford E. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2ktN0IS1vFQC&pg=PP1">History with the Beatles</a>. Dog Ear Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60844-039-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60844-039-9"><bdi>978-1-60844-039-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075418/https://books.google.com/books?id=2ktN0IS1vFQC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+with+the+Beatles&rft.pub=Dog+Ear+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-60844-039-9&rft.au=Loker%2C+Bradford+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2ktN0IS1vFQC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLondon_Gazette1965" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111234623/http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/43667/supplements/5488">"Most Excellent Order of the British Empire"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a> (supplement). 4 June 1965. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/43667/supplements/5488">the original</a> on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette+%28supplement%29&rft.atitle=Most+Excellent+Order+of+the+British+Empire&rft.date=1965-06-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.london-gazette.co.uk%2Fissues%2F43667%2Fsupplements%2F5488&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMacDonald2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ian_MacDonald" title="Ian MacDonald">MacDonald, Ian</a> (2005). <a href="/wiki/Revolution_in_the_Head:_The_Beatles%27_Records_and_the_Sixties" title="Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties">Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties</a>. Pimlico. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84413-828-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84413-828-9"><bdi>978-1-84413-828-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolution+in+the+Head%3A+The+Beatles%27+Records+and+the+Sixties&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-84413-828-9&rft.au=MacDonald%2C+Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcGinty2010" class="citation news cs1">McGinty, Stephen (12 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/politics/Jimmy-Reid-A-workingclass-hero.6470643.jp">"Jimmy Reid: A working-class hero and the saviour of Clyde yards"</a>. The Scotsman. UK. Retrieved 18 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Jimmy+Reid%3A+A+working-class+hero+and+the+saviour+of+Clyde+yards&rft.date=2010-08-12&rft.au=McGinty%2C+Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthescotsman.scotsman.com%2Fpolitics%2FJimmy-Reid-A-workingclass-hero.6470643.jp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiles1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Miles" title="Barry Miles">Miles, Barry</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/paulmccartneyman00mile_0">Paul McCartney: Many Years From Now</a>. Henry Holt & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-5248-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-5248-0"><bdi>978-0-8050-5248-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+McCartney%3A+Many+Years+From+Now&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+%26+Company&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-8050-5248-0&rft.au=Miles%2C+Barry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpaulmccartneyman00mile_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiles2001" class="citation book cs1">Miles, Barry (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_TBkf1ttNBYC&pg=PP1">The Beatles Diary Volume 1: The Beatles Years</a>. London: Omnibus Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7119-8308-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7119-8308-3"><bdi>978-0-7119-8308-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075423/https://books.google.com/books?id=_TBkf1ttNBYC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Diary+Volume+1%3A+The+Beatles+Years&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Omnibus+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-7119-8308-3&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_TBkf1ttNBYC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNorman1981" class="citation news cs1">Norman, Philip (25 May 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9uUCAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38">"A Talk with Yoko"</a>. New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075426/https://books.google.com/books?id=9uUCAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York&rft.atitle=A+Talk+with+Yoko&rft.date=1981-05-25&rft.au=Norman%2C+Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9uUCAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNorman2008" class="citation book cs1">Norman, Philip (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/johnlennonlife00norm_0">John Lennon: The Life</a>. Ecco. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-075401-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-075401-3"><bdi>978-0-06-075401-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Lennon%3A+The+Life&rft.pub=Ecco&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-06-075401-3&rft.au=Norman%2C+Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjohnlennonlife00norm_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPang2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/May_Pang" title="May Pang">Pang, May</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/instamatickarmap0000pang">Instamatic Karma: Photographs of John Lennon</a>. <a href="/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Press" title="St. Martin's Press">St. Martin's Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-37741-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-37741-0"><bdi>978-0-312-37741-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Instamatic+Karma%3A+Photographs+of+John+Lennon&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-312-37741-0&rft.au=Pang%2C+May&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finstamatickarmap0000pang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeebles1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Peebles" title="Andy Peebles">Peebles, Andy</a>; Lennon, John; Ono, Yoko (1981). The Lennon tapes: John Lennon and Yoko Ono in conversation with Andy Peebles, 6 December 1980. BBC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-563-17944-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-563-17944-3"><bdi>978-0-563-17944-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lennon+tapes%3A+John+Lennon+and+Yoko+Ono+in+conversation+with+Andy+Peebles%2C+6+December+1980&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-563-17944-3&rft.au=Peebles%2C+Andy&rft.au=Lennon%2C+John&rft.au=Ono%2C+Yoko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPerone2001" class="citation book cs1">Perone, James E. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HHQqoUcbd8gC&pg=PP1">Songs of the Vietnam Conflict</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31528-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-31528-2"><bdi>978-0-313-31528-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075424/https://books.google.com/books?id=HHQqoUcbd8gC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Songs+of+the+Vietnam+Conflict&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-313-31528-2&rft.au=Perone%2C+James+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHHQqoUcbd8gC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrown_and_Newquist2003" class="citation book cs1">Prown, Pete; Newquist, Harvey P. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=60Jde3l7WNwC&pg=PP1">Legends of Rock Guitar: The Essential Reference of Rock's Greatest Guitarists</a>. Hal Leonard. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7935-4042-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7935-4042-6"><bdi>978-0-7935-4042-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075427/https://books.google.com/books?id=60Jde3l7WNwC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legends+of+Rock+Guitar%3A+The+Essential+Reference+of+Rock%27s+Greatest+Guitarists&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-7935-4042-6&rft.au=Prown%2C+Pete&rft.au=Newquist%2C+Harvey+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D60Jde3l7WNwC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRIAA2010a" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070626050454/http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH">"RIAA: Searchable database"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>. 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH">the original</a> on 26 June 2007. Retrieved 21 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RIAA%3A+Searchable+database&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgoldandplatinumdata.php%3Ftable%3DSEARCH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRIAA2010b" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130725020825/http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=2&table=tblTopArt&action=">"RIAA Gold & Platinum Top Selling Artists"</a>. Record Industry Association of America. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=2&table=tblTopArt&action=">the original</a> on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RIAA+Gold+%26+Platinum+Top+Selling+Artists&rft.pub=Record+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgoldandplatinumdata.php%3Fresultpage%3D2%26table%3DtblTopArt%26action%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2001" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, David (2001). Guinness World Records: British Hit Singles (14th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85156-156-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85156-156-1"><bdi>978-0-85156-156-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guinness+World+Records%3A+British+Hit+Singles&rft.edition=14th&rft.pub=Guinness+World+Records&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-85156-156-1&rft.au=Roberts%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRiley2002" class="citation book cs1">Riley, Tim (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lHvx9QnnorYC&pg=PP1">Tell me why: a Beatles commentary</a>. Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81120-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81120-3"><bdi>978-0-306-81120-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075421/https://books.google.com/books?id=lHvx9QnnorYC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tell+me+why%3A+a+Beatles+commentary&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-306-81120-3&rft.au=Riley%2C+Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlHvx9QnnorYC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRodriguez2010" class="citation book cs1">Rodriguez, Robert (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/missodellmyhardd00odel">Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970–1980</a>. Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-9093-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-9093-4"><bdi>978-1-4165-9093-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fab+Four+FAQ+2.0%3A+The+Beatles%27+Solo+Years%2C+1970%E2%80%931980&rft.place=Milwaukee%2C+WI&rft.pub=Backbeat+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-9093-4&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmissodellmyhardd00odel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRodriguez2012" class="citation book cs1">Rodriguez, Robert (2012). Revolver: How the Beatles Reimagined Rock 'n' Roll. Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61713-009-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61713-009-0"><bdi>978-1-61713-009-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolver%3A+How+the+Beatles+Reimagined+Rock+%27n%27+Roll&rft.place=Milwaukee%2C+WI&rft.pub=Backbeat+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-61713-009-0&rft.aulast=Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1996" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockhall.com/inductees/david-bowie">"David Bowie"</a>. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100611011948/http://rockhall.com/inductees/david-bowie">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Bowie&rft.pub=Rock+and+Roll+Hall+of+Fame&rft.date=1996&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockhall.com%2Finductees%2Fdavid-bowie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRolling_Stone2003" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231">"The RS 500 Greatest Albums of All Time"</a>. Rolling Stone. 18 November 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101218053934/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231">Archived</a> from the original on 18 December 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=The+RS+500+Greatest+Albums+of+All+Time&rft.date=2003-11-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Flists%2F500-greatest-albums-of-all-time-19691231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRolling_Stone2008" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101222042946/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231/john-lennon-19691231">"100 Greatest Artists of All Time"</a>. Rolling Stone. 12 April 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231/john-lennon-19691231">the original</a> on 22 December 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=100+Greatest+Artists+of+All+Time&rft.date=2008-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Flists%2F100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231%2Fjohn-lennon-19691231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRyan1982" class="citation book cs1">Ryan, David Stuart (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cucbMgzt-bUC&pg=PP1">John Lennon's Secret</a>. Kozmik Press Centre. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-905116-08-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-905116-08-2"><bdi>978-0-905116-08-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075426/https://books.google.com/books?id=cucbMgzt-bUC&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Lennon%27s+Secret&rft.pub=Kozmik+Press+Centre&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-905116-08-2&rft.au=Ryan%2C+David+Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcucbMgzt-bUC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchaffner1978" class="citation book cs1">Schaffner, Nicholas (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beatlesforever00scha">The Beatles Forever</a>. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-07-055087-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-07-055087-2"><bdi>978-0-07-055087-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Forever&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-07-055087-2&rft.aulast=Schaffner&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeatlesforever00scha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchechter1997" class="citation book cs1">Schechter, Danny (1997). The More You Watch, the Less You Know: News Wars/Submerged Hopes/Media Adventures. <a href="/wiki/Seven_Stories_Press" title="Seven Stories Press">Seven Stories Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-888363-80-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-888363-80-7"><bdi>978-1-888363-80-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+More+You+Watch%2C+the+Less+You+Know%3A+News+Wars%2FSubmerged+Hopes%2FMedia+Adventures&rft.pub=Seven+Stories+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-888363-80-7&rft.au=Schechter%2C+Danny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchinderSchwartz2007" class="citation book cs1">Schinder, Scott; Schwartz, Andy (2007). Icons of Rock: An Encyclopedia of the Legends Who Changed Music Forever. Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33845-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33845-8"><bdi>978-0-313-33845-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Icons+of+Rock%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+Legends+Who+Changed+Music+Forever&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-313-33845-8&rft.au=Schinder%2C+Scott&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+Andy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSeaman1991" class="citation book cs1">Seaman, Frederic (1991). The Last Days of John Lennon. Birch Lane Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55972-084-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55972-084-7"><bdi>978-1-55972-084-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Days+of+John+Lennon&rft.pub=Birch+Lane+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-1-55972-084-7&rft.au=Seaman%2C+Frederic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSheff2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Sheff" title="David Sheff">Sheff, David</a> (2000) [1981]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/allwearesayingla00lenn">All We Are Saying: The Last Major Interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono</a>. New York, NY: St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-25464-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-25464-4"><bdi>0-312-25464-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+We+Are+Saying%3A+The+Last+Major+Interview+with+John+Lennon+and+Yoko+Ono&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-312-25464-4&rft.aulast=Sheff&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fallwearesayingla00lenn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShennan2007" class="citation news cs1">Shennan, Paddy (26 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-life/liverpool-lifestyle/2007/11/26/what-will-liz-think-of-these-100252-20163545/">"What will Liz think of these?"</a>. The Liverpool Echo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121016120239/http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-life/liverpool-lifestyle/2007/11/26/what-will-liz-think-of-these-100252-20163545/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 October 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Liverpool+Echo&rft.atitle=What+will+Liz+think+of+these%3F&rft.date=2007-11-26&rft.au=Shennan%2C+Paddy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liverpoolecho.co.uk%2Fliverpool-life%2Fliverpool-lifestyle%2F2007%2F11%2F26%2Fwhat-will-liz-think-of-these-100252-20163545%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSongwriters_Hall_of_Fame2015" class="citation web cs1">Songwriters Hall of Fame (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120424063437/http://songwritershalloffame.com/exhibits/C115">"John Lennon"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://songwritershalloffame.com/exhibits/C115">the original</a> on 24 April 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Lennon&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Songwriters+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsongwritershalloffame.com%2Fexhibits%2FC115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSpizer2005" class="citation book cs1">Spizer, Bruce (2005). The Beatles Solo on Apple Records. New Orleans, LA: 498 Productions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9662649-5-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9662649-5-1"><bdi>978-0-9662649-5-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Solo+on+Apple+Records&rft.place=New+Orleans%2C+LA&rft.pub=498+Productions&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-9662649-5-1&rft.aulast=Spizer&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSpitz2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Spitz" title="Bob Spitz">Spitz, Bob</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beatlesbiography00spit">The Beatles: The Biography</a>. Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-80352-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-80352-6"><bdi>978-0-316-80352-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles%3A+The+Biography&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-316-80352-6&rft.au=Spitz%2C+Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeatlesbiography00spit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTime1967" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080220082515/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843470,00.html">"Other noises, Other notes"</a>. Time. 3 March 1967. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843470,00.html">the original</a> on 20 February 2008. Retrieved 27 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Other+noises%2C+Other+notes&rft.date=1967-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C843470%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThe_Beatles2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beatlesanthology0000unse">The Beatles Anthology</a>. Chronicle Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-2684-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-2684-6"><bdi>978-0-8118-2684-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Anthology&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-8118-2684-6&rft.au=The+Beatles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeatlesanthology0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrit_Awards1982" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brits.co.uk/history/shows/1982">"The Brits 1982"</a>. The Brit Awards. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190803112103/https://www.brits.co.uk/history/shows/1982">Archived</a> from the original on 3 August 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Brits+1982&rft.pub=The+Brit+Awards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brits.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fshows%2F1982&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1994" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101230182721/http://rockhall.com/inductees/john-lennon">"John Lennon"</a>. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 1994. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rockhall.com/inductees/john-lennon/">the original</a> on 30 December 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Lennon&rft.pub=The+Rock+and+Roll+Hall+of+Fame&rft.date=1994&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frockhall.com%2Finductees%2Fjohn-lennon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTelegraphKlein2010" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/celebrity-obituaries/5751356/Allen-Klein.html">"Celebrity Obituaries – Allen Klein"</a>. The Telegraph. 5 July 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/celebrity-obituaries/5751356/Allen-Klein.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 5 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Celebrity+Obituaries+%E2%80%93+Allen+Klein&rft.date=2009-07-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fcelebrity-obituaries%2F5751356%2FAllen-Klein.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThe_Associated_Press2006" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/20/AR2006122000227.html">"FBI Releases Last Pages From Lennon File"</a>. The Washington Post. 20 December 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220303023807/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/20/AR2006122000227.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=FBI+Releases+Last+Pages+From+Lennon+File&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2006%2F12%2F20%2FAR2006122000227.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTillery2011" class="citation book cs1">Tillery, Gary (2011). Working Class Mystic: A Spiritual Biography of George Harrison. Wheaton, IL: Quest Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0900-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0900-5"><bdi>978-0-8356-0900-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Working+Class+Mystic%3A+A+Spiritual+Biography+of+George+Harrison&rft.place=Wheaton%2C+IL&rft.pub=Quest+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8356-0900-5&rft.aulast=Tillery&rft.aufirst=Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUrishBielen2007" class="citation book cs1">Urish, Ben; Bielen, Kenneth G (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LJ9Y0YgSE1oC&pg=PR1">The Words and Music of John Lennon</a>. Praeger. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-99180-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-99180-7"><bdi>978-0-275-99180-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417085609/https://books.google.com/books?id=LJ9Y0YgSE1oC&pg=PR1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Words+and+Music+of+John+Lennon&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-275-99180-7&rft.au=Urish%2C+Ben&rft.au=Bielen%2C+Kenneth+G&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLJ9Y0YgSE1oC%26pg%3DPR1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVigilla2005" class="citation news cs1">Vigilla, Hubert (29 August 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treblezine.com/reviews/john-lennon-imagine/">"Album Review : John Lennon – Imagine"</a>. Treble. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006090649/http://www.treblezine.com/reviews/john-lennon-imagine/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Treble&rft.atitle=Album+Review+%3A+John+Lennon+%E2%80%93+Imagine&rft.date=2005-08-29&rft.au=Vigilla%2C+Hubert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.treblezine.com%2Freviews%2Fjohn-lennon-imagine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCNN.com2004" class="citation news cs1">Wald, Jonathan (6 October 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/10/05/chapman.parole/index.html">"Lennon killer denied parole"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210305073740/http://www.cnn.com/2004/LAW/10/05/chapman.parole/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Lennon+killer+denied+parole&rft.date=2004-10-06&rft.au=Wald%2C+Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2004%2FLAW%2F10%2F05%2Fchapman.parole%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWarner_Brothers1988" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Warner Brothers. John Lennon: Imagine, Cynthia Lennon Interview (DVD). Warner Brothers. 1988.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Warner+Brothers.+John+Lennon%3A+Imagine%2C+Cynthia+Lennon+Interview&rft.pub=Warner+Brothers&rft.date=1988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWenner2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jann_Wenner" title="Jann Wenner">Wenner, Jann S</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ymjy06WZnd4C&pg=PR3">Lennon Remembers</a>. Verso. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85984-600-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85984-600-1"><bdi>978-1-85984-600-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417075426/https://books.google.com/books?id=ymjy06WZnd4C&pg=PR3">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lennon+Remembers&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-85984-600-1&rft.au=Wenner%2C+Jann+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dymjy06WZnd4C%26pg%3DPR3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWiener1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Wiener" title="Jon Wiener">Wiener, Jon</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cometogetherjohn00jonw">Come Together: John Lennon in His Time</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_Press" title="University of Illinois Press">University of Illinois Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06131-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06131-8"><bdi>978-0-252-06131-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Come+Together%3A+John+Lennon+in+His+Time&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-252-06131-8&rft.au=Wiener%2C+Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcometogetherjohn00jonw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWiener1999" class="citation book cs1">Wiener, Jon (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gimmesometruthjo00wien">Gimme Some Truth: The John Lennon FBI Files</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-22246-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-22246-5"><bdi>978-0-520-22246-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 16 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gimme+Some+Truth%3A+The+John+Lennon+FBI+Files&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-520-22246-5&rft.au=Wiener%2C+Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgimmesometruthjo00wien&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWiener2006" class="citation news cs1">Wiener, Jon (19 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2006/dec/19/comment.film">"He didn't have to do it. That's one reason he's still admired"</a>. The Guardian. UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221016165626/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2006/dec/19/comment.film">Archived</a> from the original on 16 October 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=He+didn%27t+have+to+do+it.+That%27s+one+reason+he%27s+still+admired&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft.au=Wiener%2C+Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fcommentisfree%2F2006%2Fdec%2F19%2Fcomment.film&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316" /><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Kane" title="Larry Kane">Kane, Larry</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lennonrevealed0000kane">Lennon Revealed</a>. Running Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7624-2966-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7624-2966-0">978-0-7624-2966-0</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMadingerRaile2015" class="citation book cs1">Madinger, Chip; Raile, Scott (2015). Lennonology Strange Days Indeed – A Scrapbook of Madness. Chesterfield, MO: Open Your Books, LLC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-63110-175-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-63110-175-5"><bdi>978-1-63110-175-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lennonology+Strange+Days+Indeed+%E2%80%93+A+Scrapbook+of+Madness&rft.place=Chesterfield%2C+MO&rft.pub=Open+Your+Books%2C+LLC&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-63110-175-5&rft.aulast=Madinger&rft.aufirst=Chip&rft.au=Raile%2C+Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Pang, May; Edwards, Henry (1983). Loving John: The Untold Story. Warner Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-446-37916-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-446-37916-6">0-446-37916-6</a>.</li> <li>Prato, Greg (2020). John Winston Ono Lennon. Kindle Direct. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8-6983-2911-4" title="Special:BookSources/979-8-6983-2911-4">979-8-6983-2911-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Riley_(music_critic)" title="Tim Riley (music critic)">Riley, Tim</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pf2YAAAAQBAJ">Lennon: Man, Myth, Music</a>. Hyperion. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4013-2452-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4013-2452-0">978-1-4013-2452-0</a></li> <li>Wiener, Jon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.LennonFBIfiles.com/">The John Lennon FBI Files</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111012055709/http://www.lennonfbifiles.com/">Archived</a> 12 October 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Yorke, Richard (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071210181240/http://crawdaddy.wolfgangsvault.com/Article.aspx?id=4372">"John Lennon: Ringo's Right, We Can't Tour Again"</a>, New Musical Express, 7 June 1969, reproduced by <a href="/wiki/Crawdaddy!" class="mw-redirect" title="Crawdaddy!">Crawdaddy!</a>, 2007.</li> <li>Burger, Jeff, ed: Lennon on Lennon: Conversations With John Lennon (2017) Chicago Review Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61374-824-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61374-824-4">978-1-61374-824-4</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0000232564">John Lennon</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMusic_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="AllMusic (identifier)">AllMusic</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203#P1728" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://walkoffame.com/john-lennon">John Lennon</a> in the Hollywood Walk of Fame Directory</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/john-lennon">"John Lennon"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Lennon&rft.pub=Rock+and+Roll+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockhall.com%2Finductees%2Fjohn-lennon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Lennon" class="Z3988"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203#P3162" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006168/">John Lennon</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/111937%7C*">John Lennon</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> Archive on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/lennon/">John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> Archive on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15405854">John Lennon</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vault.fbi.gov/john-winston-lennon">FBI file on John Lennon</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.johnlennon.com/">John Lennon</a> hosted by EMI Group Limited</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lambiek.net/artists/l/lennon_john.htm">Lambiek Comiclopedia biography about John Lennon, with detailed information about his graphic career.</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/20px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/40px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/7px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/10px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/14px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Music</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Guitar_1.svg/15px-Guitar_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Guitar_1.svg/23px-Guitar_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Guitar_1.svg/30px-Guitar_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="886" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Rock_music" title="Portal:Rock music">Rock music</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank_television_set.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/40px-Blank_television_set.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/60px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="92" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Television" title="Portal:Television">Television</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">John Lennon at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" 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.navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_Lennon" title="Template:John Lennon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:John_Lennon" title="Template talk:John Lennon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_Lennon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John Lennon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_Lennon476" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_discography" title="John Lennon discography">Discography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon%27s_musical_instruments" title="John Lennon's musical instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon%27s_jukebox" title="John Lennon's jukebox">Jukebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_John_Lennon" title="List of songs recorded by John Lennon">Song list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">Death</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studio albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Imagine (John Lennon album)">Imagine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_Games_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Mind Games (John Lennon album)">Mind Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls_and_Bridges" title="Walls and Bridges">Walls and Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Rock 'n' Roll (John Lennon album)">Rock 'n' Roll</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">with <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._1:_Two_Virgins" title="Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins">Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._2:_Life_with_the_Lions" title="Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions">Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_Album" title="Wedding Album">Wedding Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Some Time in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_and_Honey_(album)" title="Milk and Honey (album)">Milk and Honey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Live_Peace_in_Toronto_1969" title="Live Peace in Toronto 1969">Live Peace in Toronto 1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Live Jam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_in_New_York_City_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Live in New York City (John Lennon album)">Live in New York City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compilations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaved_Fish" title="Shaved Fish">Shaved Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_John_Lennon_Collection" title="The John Lennon Collection">The John Lennon Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Legend:_The_Very_Best_of_John_Lennon" title="Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon">Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma:_All-Time_Greatest_Hits" title="Instant Karma: All-Time Greatest Hits">Instant Karma: All-Time Greatest Hits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_Class_Hero:_The_Definitive_Lennon" title="Working Class Hero: The Definitive Lennon">Working Class Hero: The Definitive Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People:_The_Hits" title="Power to the People: The Hits">Power to the People: The Hits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Icon (John Lennon album)">Icon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Themed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menlove_Ave." title="Menlove Ave.">Menlove Ave.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Anthology#Wonsaponatime" title="John Lennon Anthology">Wonsaponatime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acoustic_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Acoustic (John Lennon album)">Acoustic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace,_Love_%26_Truth" title="Peace, Love & Truth">Peace, Love & Truth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Box sets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_(box_set)" title="Lennon (box set)">Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Anthology" title="John Lennon Anthology">John Lennon Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Signature_Box" title="John Lennon Signature Box">John Lennon Signature Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimme_Some_Truth_(box_set)" title="Gimme Some Truth (box set)">Gimme Some Truth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimme_Some_Truth._The_Ultimate_Mixes" title="Gimme Some Truth. The Ultimate Mixes">Gimme Some Truth. The Ultimate Mixes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_John_Lennon_Video_Collection" title="The John Lennon Video Collection">The John Lennon Video Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Legend:_The_Very_Best_of_John_Lennon_(video)" title="Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon (video)">Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_His_Own_Write" title="In His Own Write">In His Own Write</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Spaniard_in_the_Works" title="A Spaniard in the Works">A Spaniard in the Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skywriting_by_Word_of_Mouth" title="Skywriting by Word of Mouth">Skywriting by Word of Mouth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(1969_film)" title="Self-Portrait (1969 film)">Self-Portrait</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis_(film)" title="Apotheosis (film)">Apotheosis</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_(1970_film)" title="Fly (1970 film)">Fly</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erection_(film)" title="Erection (film)">Erection</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up_Your_Legs_Forever" title="Up Your Legs Forever">Up Your Legs Forever</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_in_New_York_City_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Live in New York City (John Lennon album)">Live in New York City</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(1972_film)" title="Imagine (1972 film)">Imagine</a> (1972)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bootlegs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Toot_and_a_Snore_in_%2774" title="A Toot and a Snore in '74">A Toot and a Snore in '74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S.I.R._John_Winston_Ono_Lennon" title="S.I.R. John Winston Ono Lennon">S.I.R. John Winston Ono Lennon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Quarrymen" title="The Quarrymen">The Quarrymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Plastic Ono Band">Plastic Ono Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Peel_(musician)" title="David Peel (musician)">David Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lower_East_Side_Band" title="The Lower East Side Band">The Lower East Side Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dirty_Mac" title="The Dirty Mac">The Dirty Mac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Pang" title="May Pang">May Pang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Nilsson" title="Harry Nilsson">Harry Nilsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sinclair_(poet)" title="John Sinclair (poet)">John Sinclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosaura_Lopez" title="Rosaura Lopez">Rosaura Lopez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fictionalised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_27" title="Chapter 27">Chapter 27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_His_Life:_The_John_Lennon_Story" title="In His Life: The John Lennon Story">In His Life: The John Lennon Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_and_Yoko:_A_Love_Story" title="John and Yoko: A Love Story">John and Yoko: A Love Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Killing_of_John_Lennon" title="The Killing of John Lennon">The Killing of John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Naked" title="Lennon Naked">Lennon Naked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_of_the_Beatles" title="Birth of the Beatles">Birth of the Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowhere_Boy" title="Nowhere Boy">Nowhere Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backbeat_(film)" title="Backbeat (film)">Backbeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_of_Us_(2000_film)" title="Two of Us (2000 film)">Two of Us</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lennon_Report" title="The Lennon Report">The Lennon Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_Is_Easy_with_Eyes_Closed" title="Living Is Easy with Eyes Closed">Living Is Easy with Eyes Closed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(2019_film)" title="Yesterday (2019 film)">Yesterday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tributes and memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_30th_Annual_John_Lennon_Tribute:_Live_from_the_Beacon_Theatre,_NYC" title="The 30th Annual John Lennon Tribute: Live from the Beacon Theatre, NYC">The 30th Annual John Lennon Tribute: Live from the Beacon Theatre, NYC</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/All_Those_Years_Ago" title="All Those Years Ago">All Those Years Ago</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Come_Together:_A_Night_for_John_Lennon%27s_Words_and_Music" title="Come Together: A Night for John Lennon's Words and Music">Come Together: A Night for John Lennon's Words and Music</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Empty_Garden_(Hey_Hey_Johnny)" title="Empty Garden (Hey Hey Johnny)">Empty Garden (Hey Hey Johnny)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Here_Today_(Paul_McCartney_song)" title="Here Today (Paul McCartney song)">Here Today</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_Peace_Tower" title="Imagine Peace Tower">Imagine Peace Tower</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Immigrant_(Neil_Sedaka_song)" title="The Immigrant (Neil Sedaka song)">The Immigrant</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma:_The_Amnesty_International_Campaign_to_Save_Darfur" title="Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur">Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Art_and_Design_Building" title="John Lennon Art and Design Building">John Lennon Art and Design Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Museum" title="John Lennon Museum">John Lennon Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Park" title="John Lennon Park">John Lennon Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Peace_Monument" title="John Lennon Peace Monument">John Lennon Peace Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Educational_Tour_Bus" title="John Lennon Educational Tour Bus">John Lennon Educational Tour Bus</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Late_Great_Johnny_Ace" title="The Late Great Johnny Ace">The Late Great Johnny Ace</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_(musical)" title="Lennon (musical)">Lennon (musical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Bermuda" title="Lennon Bermuda">Lennon Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Wall" title="Lennon Wall">Lennon Wall</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hot_Space" title="Hot Space">Life Is Real (Song for Lennon)</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Lennon_Airport" title="Liverpool John Lennon Airport">Liverpool John Lennon Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Violence_(sculpture)" title="Non-Violence (sculpture)">Non-Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Fields_(memorial)" title="Strawberry Fields (memorial)">Strawberry Fields</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Roll_On_John" title="Roll On John">Roll On John</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_Class_Hero:_A_Tribute_to_John_Lennon" title="Working Class Hero: A Tribute to John Lennon">Working Class Hero: A Tribute to John Lennon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imagine:_John_Lennon" title="Imagine: John Lennon">Imagine: John Lennon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imagine:_John_Lennon_(soundtrack)" title="Imagine: John Lennon (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Met_the_Walrus" title="I Met the Walrus">I Met the Walrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_(2005_book)" title="John (2005 book)">John (book)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_%26_Yoko:_Above_Us_Only_Sky" title="John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky">John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Remembers" title="Lennon Remembers">Lennon Remembers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LennoNYC" title="LennoNYC">LennoNYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lives_of_John_Lennon" title="The Lives of John Lennon">The Lives of John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Lennon_Tapes" title="The Lost Lennon Tapes">The Lost Lennon Tapes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marx_%26_Lennon" title="Marx & Lennon">Marx & Lennon: The Parallel Sayings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowhere_Man:_The_Final_Days_of_John_Lennon" title="Nowhere Man: The Final Days of John Lennon">Nowhere Man: The Final Days of John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pope_Smokes_Dope" title="The Pope Smokes Dope">The Pope Smokes Dope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pussy_Cats" title="Pussy Cats">Pussy Cats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones_Rock_and_Roll_Circus_(album)" title="The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus (album)">The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roots:_John_Lennon_Sings_the_Great_Rock_%26_Roll_Hits" title="Roots: John Lennon Sings the Great Rock & Roll Hits">Roots: John Lennon Sings the Great Rock & Roll Hits</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/That%27s_My_Life_(My_Love_and_My_Home)" title="That's My Life (My Love and My Home)">That's My Life (My Love and My Home)</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_U.S._vs._John_Lennon" title="The U.S. vs. John Lennon">The U.S. vs. John Lennon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_U.S._vs._John_Lennon_(soundtrack)" title="The U.S. vs. John Lennon (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/251_Menlove_Avenue" title="251 Menlove Avenue">251 Menlove Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenwood,_St_George%27s_Hill" title="Kenwood, St George's Hill">Kenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tittenhurst_Park" title="Tittenhurst Park">Tittenhurst Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dakota" title="The Dakota">The Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagism" title="Bagism">Bagism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">Bed-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_Piano_Peace_Project" title="Imagine Piano Peace Project">Imagine Piano Peace Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_Artificial_Intelligence_Project" title="John Lennon Artificial Intelligence Project">John Lennon Artificial Intelligence Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobody_Told_Me" title="Nobody Told Me">John Lennon UFO incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon%E2%80%93McCartney" title="Lennon–McCartney">Lennon–McCartney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LennonOno_Grant_for_Peace" title="LennonOno Grant for Peace">LennonOno Grant for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_David_Chapman" title="Mark David Chapman">Mark David Chapman</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/More_popular_than_Jesus" title="More popular than Jesus">More popular than Jesus</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutopia" title="Nutopia">Nutopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Rock_and_Roll_Revival" title="Toronto Rock and Roll Revival">Toronto Rock and Roll Revival</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Toronto" title="Sweet Toronto">Sweet Toronto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon%27s_psychedelic_Rolls-Royce" title="John Lennon's psychedelic Rolls-Royce">Psychedelic Rolls-Royce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4147_Lennon" title="4147 Lennon">4147 Lennon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:John_Lennon" title="Category:John Lennon">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256394678" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-solo" aria-labelledby="John_Lennon_singles_discography117" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_Lennon_singles" title="Template:John Lennon singles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:John_Lennon_singles" title="Template talk:John Lennon singles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_Lennon_singles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John Lennon singles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_Lennon_singles_discography117" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_discography#Singles" title="John Lennon discography">singles</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon_discography" title="John Lennon discography">discography</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lifetime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Remember_Love_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Remember Love (Yoko Ono song)">Remember Love</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Ono</a>)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cold_Turkey" title="Cold Turkey">Cold Turkey</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Worry_Kyoko_(Mummy%27s_Only_Looking_for_Her_Hand_in_the_Snow)" title="Don't Worry Kyoko (Mummy's Only Looking for Her Hand in the Snow)">Don't Worry Kyoko (Mummy's Only Looking for a Hand in the Snow)</a>" (Ono)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma!" title="Instant Karma!">Instant Karma!</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Who_Has_Seen_the_Wind%3F_(song)" title="Who Has Seen the Wind? (song)">Who Has Seen the Wind?</a>" (Ono)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mother_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Mother (John Lennon song)">Mother</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Why_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Why (Yoko Ono song)">Why</a>" (Ono)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1971</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Open_Your_Box" title="Open Your Box">Open Your Box</a>" (Ono) (UK)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Touch_Me_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Touch Me (Yoko Ono song)">Touch Me</a>" (Ono) (US)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imagine (John Lennon song)">Imagine</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/It%27s_So_Hard" title="It's So Hard">It's So Hard</a>" (US)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Listen,_the_Snow_Is_Falling" title="Listen, the Snow Is Falling">Listen, the Snow Is Falling</a>" (Ono)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1972</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Woman_Is_the_Nigger_of_the_World" title="Woman Is the Nigger of the World">Woman Is the Nigger of the World</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Sisters,_O_Sisters" title="Sisters, O Sisters">Sisters O Sisters</a>" (Ono)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1973</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Mind_Games_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Mind Games (John Lennon song)">Mind Games</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Meat_City" title="Meat City">Meat City</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1974</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Whatever_Gets_You_thru_the_Night" title="Whatever Gets You thru the Night">Whatever Gets You thru the Night</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Beef_Jerky_(instrumental)" title="Beef Jerky (instrumental)">Beef Jerky</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Number_9_Dream" title="Number 9 Dream">#9 Dream</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/What_You_Got_(John_Lennon_song)" title="What You Got (John Lennon song)">What You Got</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ya_Ya_(Lee_Dorsey_song)" title="Ya Ya (Lee Dorsey song)">Ya Ya</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Be-Bop-a-Lula" title="Be-Bop-a-Lula">Be-Bop-a-Lula</a>" (Germany only)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Stand_by_Me_(Ben_E._King_song)" title="Stand by Me (Ben E. King song)">Stand by Me</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Move_Over_Ms._L" title="Move Over Ms. L">Move Over Ms. L</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imagine (John Lennon song)">Imagine</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Working_Class_Hero" title="Working Class Hero">Working Class Hero</a>" (UK)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1977</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Stand_by_Me_(Ben_E._King_song)" title="Stand by Me (Ben E. King song)">Stand by Me</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Woman_Is_the_Nigger_of_the_World" title="Woman Is the Nigger of the World">Woman Is the Nigger of the World</a>" (reissue) (US)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/(Just_Like)_Starting_Over" title="(Just Like) Starting Over">(Just Like) Starting Over</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Kiss_Kiss_Kiss_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Kiss Kiss Kiss (Yoko Ono song)">Kiss Kiss Kiss</a>" (Ono)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Posthumous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Woman_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Woman (John Lennon song)">Woman</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Boys" title="Beautiful Boys">Beautiful Boys</a>" (Ono)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Watching_the_Wheels" title="Watching the Wheels">Watching the Wheels</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Yes,_I%27m_Your_Angel" title="Yes, I'm Your Angel">Yes, I'm Your Angel</a>" (Ono) (UK)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Watching_the_Wheels" title="Watching the Wheels">Watching the Wheels</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Boy_(Darling_Boy)" title="Beautiful Boy (Darling Boy)">Beautiful Boy (Darling Boy)</a>" (US)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Love_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Love (John Lennon song)">Love</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Gimme_Some_Truth" title="Gimme Some Truth">Give Me Some Truth</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Nobody_Told_Me" title="Nobody Told Me">Nobody Told Me</a>" / "O' Sanity" (Ono)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Borrowed_Time_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Borrowed Time (John Lennon song)">Borrowed Time</a>" / "Your Hands" (Ono)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Stepping_Out" title="I'm Stepping Out">I'm Stepping Out</a>" / "Sleepless Night" (Ono)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Every_Man_Has_a_Woman_Who_Loves_Him" title="Every Man Has a Woman Who Loves Him">Every Man Has a Woman Who Loves Him</a>" / "It's Alright" (Ono)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1985</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Jealous_Guy" title="Jealous Guy">Jealous Guy</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Going_Down_on_Love" title="Going Down on Love">Going Down on Love</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"Rock and Roll People" (promo)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Losing_You_(John_Lennon_song)" title="I'm Losing You (John Lennon song)">I'm Losing You</a>" (promo)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_John_Lennon148" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_John_Lennon148" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_the_Beatles" title="List of awards and nominations received by the Beatles">Awards for John Lennon</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Academy Award for Best Original Score"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score91" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Academy Award for Best Original Score">Academy Award for Best Original Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Silvers" title="Louis Silvers">Louis Silvers</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Steiner" title="Max Steiner">Max Steiner</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_F._Forbstein" title="Leo F. Forbstein">Leo F. Forbstein</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Previn" title="Charles Previn">Charles Previn</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Wolfgang_Korngold" title="Erich Wolfgang Korngold">Erich Wolfgang Korngold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Stothart" title="Herbert Stothart">Herbert Stothart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hageman" title="Richard Hageman">Richard Hageman</a>, <a href="/wiki/W._Franke_Harling" title="W. Franke Harling">W. Franke Harling</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Leipold" title="John Leipold">John Leipold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leo_Shuken" title="Leo Shuken">Leo Shuken</a> (1939)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leigh_Harline" title="Leigh Harline">Leigh Harline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Smith_(composer)" title="Paul Smith (composer)">Paul J. Smith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ned_Washington" title="Ned Washington">Ned Washington</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Herrmann" title="Bernard Herrmann">Bernard Herrmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Churchill" title="Frank Churchill">Frank Churchill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wallace" title="Oliver Wallace">Oliver Wallace</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Steiner" title="Max Steiner">Max Steiner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ray_Heindorf" title="Ray Heindorf">Ray Heindorf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Roemheld" title="Heinz Roemheld">Heinz Roemheld</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ray_Heindorf" title="Ray Heindorf">Ray Heindorf</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Steiner" title="Max Steiner">Max Steiner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morris_Stoloff" title="Morris Stoloff">Morris Stoloff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Dragon" title="Carmen Dragon">Carmen Dragon</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_R%C3%B3zsa" title="Miklós Rózsa">Miklos Rozsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georgie_Stoll" title="Georgie Stoll">Georgie Stoll</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Friedhofer" title="Hugo Friedhofer">Hugo Friedhofer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morris_Stoloff" title="Morris Stoloff">Morris Stoloff</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_R%C3%B3zsa" title="Miklós Rózsa">Miklos Rozsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Easdale" title="Brian Easdale">Brian Easdale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Edens" title="Roger Edens">Roger Edens</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_Edens" title="Roger Edens">Roger Edens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lennie_Hayton" title="Lennie Hayton">Lennie Hayton</a> (1949)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Waxman" title="Franz Waxman">Franz Waxman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Deutsch" title="Adolph Deutsch">Adolph Deutsch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Edens" title="Roger Edens">Roger Edens</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Waxman" title="Franz Waxman">Franz Waxman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saul_Chaplin" title="Saul Chaplin">Saul Chaplin</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronis%C5%82aw_Kaper" title="Bronisław Kaper">Bronislau Kaper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Deutsch" title="Adolph Deutsch">Adolph Deutsch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saul_Chaplin" title="Saul Chaplin">Saul Chaplin</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Russell_Bennett" title="Robert Russell Bennett">Robert Russell Bennett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Blackton" title="Jay Blackton">Jay Blackton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Deutsch" title="Adolph Deutsch">Adolph Deutsch</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Young" title="Victor Young">Victor Young</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Darby" title="Ken Darby">Ken Darby</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Arnold" title="Malcolm Arnold">Malcolm Arnold</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Tiomkin" title="Dimitri Tiomkin">Dimitri Tiomkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_R%C3%B3zsa" title="Miklós Rózsa">Miklos Rozsa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Darby" title="Ken Darby">Ken Darby</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Gold" title="Ernest Gold">Ernest Gold</a> / <a href="/wiki/Morris_Stoloff" title="Morris Stoloff">Morris Stoloff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Sukman" title="Harry Sukman">Harry Sukman</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Saul_Chaplin" title="Saul Chaplin">Saul Chaplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sid_Ramin" title="Sid Ramin">Sid Ramin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Kostal" title="Irwin Kostal">Irwin Kostal</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ray_Heindorf" title="Ray Heindorf">Ray Heindorf</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Addison" title="John Addison">John Addison</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Sherman" title="Richard M. Sherman">Richard M. Sherman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Sherman" title="Robert B. Sherman">Robert B. Sherman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andre_Previn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Previn">Andre Previn</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Kostal" title="Irwin Kostal">Irwin Kostal</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Thorne" title="Ken Thorne">Ken Thorne</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Bernstein" title="Elmer Bernstein">Elmer Bernstein</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman" title="Alfred Newman">Alfred Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Darby" title="Ken Darby">Ken Darby</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> / <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Green" title="Johnny Green">Johnny Green</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lennie_Hayton" title="Lennie Hayton">Lennie Hayton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Newman" title="Lionel Newman">Lionel Newman</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Lai" title="Francis Lai">Francis Lai</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>) (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Rasch" title="Raymond Rasch">Raymond Rasch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larry_Russell" title="Larry Russell">Larry Russell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Burns" title="Ralph Burns">Ralph Burns</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carmine_Coppola" title="Carmine Coppola">Carmine Coppola</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Riddle" title="Nelson Riddle">Nelson Riddle</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Rosenman" title="Leonard Rosenman">Leonard Rosenman</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Goldsmith" title="Jerry Goldsmith">Jerry Goldsmith</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Rosenman" title="Leonard Rosenman">Leonard Rosenman</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Tunick" title="Jonathan Tunick">Jonathan Tunick</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder" title="Giorgio Moroder">Giorgio Moroder</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joe_Renzetti" title="Joe Renzetti">Joe Renzetti</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Delerue" title="Georges Delerue">Georges Delerue</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Burns" title="Ralph Burns">Ralph Burns</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gore" title="Michael Gore">Michael Gore</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vangelis" title="Vangelis">Vangelis</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Bricusse" title="Leslie Bricusse">Leslie Bricusse</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Conti" title="Bill Conti">Bill Conti</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michel_Legrand" title="Michel Legrand">Michel Legrand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_and_Marilyn_Bergman" title="Alan and Marilyn Bergman">Alan and Marilyn Bergman</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Byrne" title="David Byrne">David Byrne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cong_Su" title="Cong Su">Cong Su</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bacalov" title="Luis Bacalov">Luis Bacalov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Schwartz" title="Stephen Schwartz">Stephen Schwartz</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Portman" title="Rachel Portman">Rachel Portman</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anne_Dudley" title="Anne Dudley">Anne Dudley</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Piovani" title="Nicola Piovani">Nicola Piovani</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Warbeck" title="Stephen Warbeck">Stephen Warbeck</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Corigliano" title="John Corigliano">John Corigliano</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Dun" title="Tan Dun">Tan Dun</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Goldenthal" title="Elliot Goldenthal">Elliot Goldenthal</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_A._P._Kaczmarek" title="Jan A. P. Kaczmarek">Jan A. P. Kaczmarek</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Santaolalla" title="Gustavo Santaolalla">Gustavo Santaolalla</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Santaolalla" title="Gustavo Santaolalla">Gustavo Santaolalla</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dario_Marianelli" title="Dario Marianelli">Dario Marianelli</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._R._Rahman" title="A. R. Rahman">A. R. Rahman</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludovic_Bource" title="Ludovic Bource">Ludovic Bource</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mychael_Danna" title="Mychael Danna">Mychael Danna</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Price_(composer)" title="Steven Price (composer)">Steven Price</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #EEDD82;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauschka" title="Hauschka">Volker Bertelmann</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Blumberg" title="Daniel Blumberg">Daniel Blumberg</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year78" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Template:Grammy Award for Album of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Grammy Award for Album of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Award for Album of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year78" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Grammy Award for Album of the Year">Grammy Award for Album of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Music_from_Peter_Gunn" title="The Music from Peter Gunn">The Music from Peter Gunn</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Come_Dance_with_Me!_(album)" title="Come Dance with Me! (album)">Come Dance with Me!</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Button-Down_Mind_of_Bob_Newhart" title="The Button-Down Mind of Bob Newhart">The Button-Down Mind of Bob Newhart</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bob_Newhart" title="Bob Newhart">Bob Newhart</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_at_Carnegie_Hall" title="Judy at Carnegie Hall">Judy at Carnegie Hall</a> – <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_Family_(album)" title="The First Family (album)">The First Family</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vaughn_Meader" title="Vaughn Meader">Vaughn Meader</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Barbra_Streisand_Album" title="The Barbra Streisand Album">The Barbra Streisand Album</a> – <a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getz/Gilberto" title="Getz/Gilberto">Getz/Gilberto</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stan_Getz" title="Stan Getz">Stan Getz</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Gilberto" title="João Gilberto">João Gilberto</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_of_My_Years" title="September of My Years">September of My Years</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Man_and_His_Music" title="A Man and His Music">A Man and His Music</a> – <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band" title="Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band">Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/By_the_Time_I_Get_to_Phoenix_(Glen_Campbell_album)" title="By the Time I Get to Phoenix (Glen Campbell album)">By the Time I Get to Phoenix</a> – <a href="/wiki/Glen_Campbell" title="Glen Campbell">Glen Campbell</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood,_Sweat_%26_Tears_(Blood,_Sweat_%26_Tears_album)" title="Blood, Sweat & Tears (Blood, Sweat & Tears album)">Blood, Sweat & Tears</a> – <a href="/wiki/Blood,_Sweat_%26_Tears" title="Blood, Sweat & Tears">Blood, Sweat & Tears</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_over_Troubled_Water" title="Bridge over Troubled Water">Bridge over Troubled Water</a> – <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Garfunkel" title="Simon & Garfunkel">Simon & Garfunkel</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapestry_(Carole_King_album)" title="Tapestry (Carole King album)">Tapestry</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carole_King" title="Carole King">Carole King</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh_(album)" title="The Concert for Bangladesh (album)">The Concert for Bangladesh</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> & Friends (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innervisions" title="Innervisions">Innervisions</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulfillingness%27_First_Finale" title="Fulfillingness' First Finale">Fulfillingness' First Finale</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Still_Crazy_After_All_These_Years" title="Still Crazy After All These Years">Still Crazy After All These Years</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Simon" title="Paul Simon">Paul Simon</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songs_in_the_Key_of_Life" title="Songs in the Key of Life">Songs in the Key of Life</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumours_(album)" title="Rumours (album)">Rumours</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fleetwood_Mac" title="Fleetwood Mac">Fleetwood Mac</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Fever_(soundtrack)" title="Saturday Night Fever (soundtrack)">Saturday Night Fever</a> – Various Artists (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/52nd_Street_(album)" title="52nd Street (album)">52nd Street</a> – <a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Cross_(album)" title="Christopher Cross (album)">Christopher Cross</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Cross" title="Christopher Cross">Christopher Cross</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> & <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toto_IV" title="Toto IV">Toto IV</a> – <a href="/wiki/Toto_(band)" title="Toto (band)">Toto</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(album)" title="Thriller (album)">Thriller</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can%27t_Slow_Down_(Lionel_Richie_album)" title="Can't Slow Down (Lionel Richie album)">Can't Slow Down</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Richie" title="Lionel Richie">Lionel Richie</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Jacket_Required" title="No Jacket Required">No Jacket Required</a> – <a href="/wiki/Phil_Collins" title="Phil Collins">Phil Collins</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graceland_(album)" title="Graceland (album)">Graceland</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Simon" title="Paul Simon">Paul Simon</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Joshua_Tree" title="The Joshua Tree">The Joshua Tree</a> – <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_(George_Michael_album)" title="Faith (George Michael album)">Faith</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Michael" title="George Michael">George Michael</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_of_Time_(album)" title="Nick of Time (album)">Nick of Time</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Raitt" title="Bonnie Raitt">Bonnie Raitt</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Back_on_the_Block" title="Back on the Block">Back on the Block</a> – <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> and Various Artists (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unforgettable..._with_Love" title="Unforgettable... with Love">Unforgettable... with Love</a> – <a href="/wiki/Natalie_Cole" title="Natalie Cole">Natalie Cole</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unplugged_(Eric_Clapton_album)" title="Unplugged (Eric Clapton album)">Unplugged</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eric_Clapton" title="Eric Clapton">Eric Clapton</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bodyguard_(soundtrack)" title="The Bodyguard (soundtrack)">The Bodyguard</a> – <a href="/wiki/Whitney_Houston" title="Whitney Houston">Whitney Houston</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV_Unplugged_(Tony_Bennett_album)" title="MTV Unplugged (Tony Bennett album)">MTV Unplugged</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tony_Bennett" title="Tony Bennett">Tony Bennett</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagged_Little_Pill" title="Jagged Little Pill">Jagged Little Pill</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alanis_Morissette" title="Alanis Morissette">Alanis Morissette</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falling_into_You" title="Falling into You">Falling into You</a> – <a href="/wiki/Celine_Dion" title="Celine Dion">Celine Dion</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_of_Mind_(Bob_Dylan_album)" title="Time Out of Mind (Bob Dylan album)">Time Out of Mind</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Miseducation_of_Lauryn_Hill" title="The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill">The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lauryn_Hill" title="Lauryn Hill">Lauryn Hill</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_(Santana_album)" title="Supernatural (Santana album)">Supernatural</a> – <a href="/wiki/Santana_(band)" title="Santana (band)">Santana</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Two_Against_Nature" title="Two Against Nature">Two Against Nature</a> – <a href="/wiki/Steely_Dan" title="Steely Dan">Steely Dan</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_Brother,_Where_Art_Thou%3F_(soundtrack)" title="O Brother, Where Art Thou? (soundtrack)">O Brother, Where Art Thou?</a> – Various Artists (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Come_Away_with_Me" title="Come Away with Me">Come Away with Me</a> – <a href="/wiki/Norah_Jones" title="Norah Jones">Norah Jones</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speakerboxxx/The_Love_Below" title="Speakerboxxx/The Love Below">Speakerboxxx/The Love Below</a> – <a href="/wiki/Outkast" title="Outkast">Outkast</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_Loves_Company" title="Genius Loves Company">Genius Loves Company</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a> & Various Artists (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_to_Dismantle_an_Atomic_Bomb" title="How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb">How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb</a> – <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taking_the_Long_Way" title="Taking the Long Way">Taking the Long Way</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Chicks" title="The Chicks">Dixie Chicks</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/River:_The_Joni_Letters" title="River: The Joni Letters">River: The Joni Letters</a> – <a href="/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raising_Sand" title="Raising Sand">Raising Sand</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Plant" title="Robert Plant">Robert Plant</a> & <a href="/wiki/Alison_Krauss" title="Alison Krauss">Alison Krauss</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fearless_(Taylor_Swift_album)" title="Fearless (Taylor Swift album)">Fearless</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Suburbs" title="The Suburbs">The Suburbs</a> – <a href="/wiki/Arcade_Fire" title="Arcade Fire">Arcade Fire</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/21_(Adele_album)" title="21 (Adele album)">21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adele" title="Adele">Adele</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babel_(Mumford_%26_Sons_album)" title="Babel (Mumford & Sons album)">Babel</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mumford_%26_Sons" title="Mumford & Sons">Mumford & Sons</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Random_Access_Memories" title="Random Access Memories">Random Access Memories</a> – <a href="/wiki/Daft_Punk" title="Daft Punk">Daft Punk</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_Phase" title="Morning Phase">Morning Phase</a> – <a href="/wiki/Beck" title="Beck">Beck</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_(album)" title="1989 (album)">1989</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_(Adele_album)" title="25 (Adele album)">25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Adele" title="Adele">Adele</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/24K_Magic_(album)" title="24K Magic (album)">24K Magic</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Mars" title="Bruno Mars">Bruno Mars</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Hour_(Kacey_Musgraves_album)" title="Golden Hour (Kacey Musgraves album)">Golden Hour</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kacey_Musgraves" title="Kacey Musgraves">Kacey Musgraves</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/When_We_All_Fall_Asleep,_Where_Do_We_Go%3F" title="When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?">When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?</a> – <a href="/wiki/Billie_Eilish" title="Billie Eilish">Billie Eilish</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_(Taylor_Swift_album)" title="Folklore (Taylor Swift album)">Folklore</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_Are_(Jon_Batiste_album)" title="We Are (Jon Batiste album)">We Are</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a> (2021) </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry%27s_House" title="Harry's House">Harry's House</a> – <a href="/wiki/Harry_Styles" title="Harry Styles">Harry Styles</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnights" title="Midnights">Midnights</a> – <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowboy_Carter" title="Cowboy Carter">Cowboy Carter</a> – <a href="/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9" title="Beyoncé">Beyoncé</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Award_for_Song_of_the_Year77" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Song_of_the_Year" title="Template:Grammy Award for Song of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Award_for_Song_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Grammy Award for Song of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Song_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Award for Song of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Award_for_Song_of_the_Year77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Song_of_the_Year" title="Grammy Award for Song of the Year">Grammy Award for Song of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Nel_blu,_dipinto_di_blu_(song)" title="Nel blu, dipinto di blu (song)">Nel blu, dipinto di blu (Volare)</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Modugno" title="Domenico Modugno">Domenico Modugno</a> (songwriter) (1958)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_New_Orleans" title="The Battle of New Orleans">The Battle of New Orleans</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Driftwood" title="Jimmy Driftwood">Jimmy Driftwood</a> (songwriter) (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Theme_of_Exodus" title="Theme of Exodus">Theme of Exodus</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Gold" title="Ernest Gold">Ernest Gold</a> (songwriter) (1960)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Moon_River" title="Moon River">Moon River</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mercer" title="Johnny Mercer">Johnny Mercer</a> & <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> (songwriters) (1961)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What_Kind_of_Fool_Am_I%3F" title="What Kind of Fool Am I?">What Kind of Fool Am I?</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Bricusse" title="Leslie Bricusse">Leslie Bricusse</a> & <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Newley" title="Anthony Newley">Anthony Newley</a> (songwriters) (1962)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Days_of_Wine_and_Roses_(song)" title="Days of Wine and Roses (song)">Days of Wine and Roses</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mercer" title="Johnny Mercer">Johnny Mercer</a> & <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> (songwriters) (1963)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(song)" title="Hello, Dolly! (song)">Hello, Dolly!</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Herman" title="Jerry Herman">Jerry Herman</a> (songwriter) (1964)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_of_Your_Smile" title="The Shadow of Your Smile">The Shadow of Your Smile</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Francis_Webster" title="Paul Francis Webster">Paul Francis Webster</a> & <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mandel" title="Johnny Mandel">Johnny Mandel</a> (songwriters) (1965)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Michelle_(song)" title="Michelle (song)">Michelle</a>" – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> & <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> (songwriters) (1966)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Up,_Up_and_Away_(song)" title="Up, Up and Away (song)">Up, Up, and Away</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Webb" title="Jimmy Webb">Jimmy Webb</a> (songwriter) (1967)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Little_Green_Apples" title="Little Green Apples">Little Green Apples</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Russell" title="Bobby Russell">Bobby Russell</a> (songwriter) (1968)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Games_People_Play_(Joe_South_song)" title="Games People Play (Joe South song)">Games People Play</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Joe_South" title="Joe South">Joe South</a> (songwriter) (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Bridge_over_Troubled_Water_(song)" title="Bridge over Troubled Water (song)">Bridge over Troubled Water</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Simon" title="Paul Simon">Paul Simon</a> (songwriter) (1970)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/You%27ve_Got_a_Friend" title="You've Got a Friend">You've Got a Friend</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Carole_King" title="Carole King">Carole King</a> (songwriter) (1971)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_First_Time_Ever_I_Saw_Your_Face" title="The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face">The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Ewan_MacColl" title="Ewan MacColl">Ewan MacColl</a> (songwriter) (1972)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Killing_Me_Softly_with_His_Song" title="Killing Me Softly with His Song">Killing Me Softly with His Song</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Norman_Gimbel" title="Norman Gimbel">Norman Gimbel</a> & <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fox_(composer)" title="Charles Fox (composer)">Charles Fox</a> (songwriters) (1973)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Way_We_Were_(song)" title="The Way We Were (song)">The Way We Were</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Alan_and_Marilyn_Bergman" title="Alan and Marilyn Bergman">Alan and Marilyn Bergman</a> & <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> (songwriters) (1974)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Send_In_the_Clowns" title="Send In the Clowns">Send In the Clowns</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (songwriter) (1975)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Write_the_Songs" title="I Write the Songs">I Write the Songs</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Johnston" title="Bruce Johnston">Bruce Johnston</a> (songwriter) (1976)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Evergreen_(Love_Theme_from_A_Star_Is_Born)" title="Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)">Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> & <a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(songwriter)" title="Paul Williams (songwriter)">Paul Williams</a> (songwriters) / "<a href="/wiki/You_Light_Up_My_Life_(song)" title="You Light Up My Life (song)">You Light Up My Life</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brooks_(songwriter)" title="Joseph Brooks (songwriter)">Joe Brooks</a> (songwriter) (1977)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Just_the_Way_You_Are_(Billy_Joel_song)" title="Just the Way You Are (Billy Joel song)">Just the Way You Are</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a> (songwriter) (1978)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What_a_Fool_Believes" title="What a Fool Believes">What a Fool Believes</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Loggins" title="Kenny Loggins">Kenny Loggins</a> & <a href="/wiki/Michael_McDonald_(musician)" title="Michael McDonald (musician)">Michael McDonald</a> (songwriters) (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Sailing_(Christopher_Cross_song)" title="Sailing (Christopher Cross song)">Sailing</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Cross" title="Christopher Cross">Christopher Cross</a> (songwriter) (1980)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis_Eyes" title="Bette Davis Eyes">Bette Davis Eyes</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Donna_Weiss" title="Donna Weiss">Donna Weiss</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jackie_DeShannon" title="Jackie DeShannon">Jackie DeShannon</a> (songwriters) (1981)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Always_on_My_Mind" title="Always on My Mind">Always on My Mind</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Christopher" title="Johnny Christopher">Johnny Christopher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_James_(songwriter)" title="Mark James (songwriter)">Mark James</a> & <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Carson" title="Wayne Carson">Wayne Carson</a> (songwriters) (1982)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Every_Breath_You_Take" title="Every Breath You Take">Every Breath You Take</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a> (songwriter) (1983)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What%27s_Love_Got_to_Do_with_It_(song)" title="What's Love Got to Do with It (song)">What's Love Got to Do with It</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Graham_Lyle" title="Graham Lyle">Graham Lyle</a> & <a href="/wiki/Terry_Britten" title="Terry Britten">Terry Britten</a> (songwriters) (1984)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_Are_the_World" title="We Are the World">We Are the World</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a> & <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Richie" title="Lionel Richie">Lionel Richie</a> (songwriters) (1985)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/That%27s_What_Friends_Are_For" title="That's What Friends Are For">That's What Friends Are For</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> & <a href="/wiki/Carole_Bayer_Sager" title="Carole Bayer Sager">Carole Bayer Sager</a> (songwriters) (1986)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Somewhere_Out_There_(An_American_Tail_song)" title="Somewhere Out There (An American Tail song)">Somewhere Out There</a>" – <a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barry_Mann" title="Barry Mann">Barry Mann</a> & <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Weil" title="Cynthia Weil">Cynthia Weil</a> (songwriters) (1987)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Worry,_Be_Happy" title="Don't Worry, Be Happy">Don't Worry, Be Happy</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Bobby_McFerrin" title="Bobby McFerrin">Bobby McFerrin</a> (songwriter) (1988)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Wind_Beneath_My_Wings" title="Wind Beneath My Wings">Wind Beneath My Wings</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Larry_Henley" title="Larry Henley">Larry Henley</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Silbar" title="Jeff Silbar">Jeff Silbar</a> (songwriters) (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/From_a_Distance" title="From a Distance">From a Distance</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Julie_Gold" title="Julie Gold">Julie Gold</a> (songwriter) (1990)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Unforgettable_(Nat_King_Cole_song)" title="Unforgettable (Nat King Cole song)">Unforgettable</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Irving_Gordon" title="Irving Gordon">Irving Gordon</a> (songwriter) (1991)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tears_in_Heaven" title="Tears in Heaven">Tears in Heaven</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Eric_Clapton" title="Eric Clapton">Eric Clapton</a> & <a href="/wiki/Will_Jennings" title="Will Jennings">Will Jennings</a> (songwriters) (1992)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Whole_New_World" title="A Whole New World">A Whole New World</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tim_Rice" title="Tim Rice">Tim Rice</a> (songwriters) (1993)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Streets_of_Philadelphia" title="Streets of Philadelphia">Streets of Philadelphia</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> (songwriter) (1994)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Kiss_from_a_Rose" title="Kiss from a Rose">Kiss from a Rose</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Seal_(musician)" title="Seal (musician)">Seal</a> (songwriter) (1995)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Change_the_World" title="Change the World">Change the World</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Kennedy_(musician)" title="Gordon Kennedy (musician)">Gordon Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Kirkpatrick" title="Wayne Kirkpatrick">Wayne Kirkpatrick</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Sims" title="Tommy Sims">Tommy Sims</a> (songwriters) (1996)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sunny_Came_Home" title="Sunny Came Home">Sunny Came Home</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Shawn_Colvin" title="Shawn Colvin">Shawn Colvin</a> & <a href="/wiki/John_Leventhal" title="John Leventhal">John Leventhal</a> (songwriters) (1997)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/My_Heart_Will_Go_On" title="My Heart Will Go On">My Heart Will Go On</a>" – <a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a> & <a href="/wiki/Will_Jennings" title="Will Jennings">Will Jennings</a> (songwriters) (1998)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Smooth_(Santana_song)" title="Smooth (Santana song)">Smooth</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Itaal_Shur" title="Itaal Shur">Itaal Shur</a> & <a href="/wiki/Rob_Thomas_(musician)" title="Rob Thomas (musician)">Rob Thomas</a> (songwriters) (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Day" title="Beautiful Day">Beautiful Day</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Adam_Clayton" title="Adam Clayton">Adam Clayton</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Edge" title="The Edge">David Evans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Mullen_Jr." title="Larry Mullen Jr.">Laurence Mullen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Paul Hewson</a> (songwriters) (2000)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Fallin%27_(Alicia_Keys_song)" title="Fallin' (Alicia Keys song)">Fallin'</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Alicia_Keys" title="Alicia Keys">Alicia Keys</a> (songwriter) (2001)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Know_Why" title="Don't Know Why">Don't Know Why</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Harris" title="Jesse Harris">Jesse Harris</a> (songwriter) (2002)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dance_with_My_Father_(song)" title="Dance with My Father (song)">Dance with My Father</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Marx" title="Richard Marx">Richard Marx</a> & <a href="/wiki/Luther_Vandross" title="Luther Vandross">Luther Vandross</a> (songwriters) (2003)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Daughters_(John_Mayer_song)" title="Daughters (John Mayer song)">Daughters</a>" – <a href="/wiki/John_Mayer" title="John Mayer">John Mayer</a> (songwriter) (2004)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sometimes_You_Can%27t_Make_It_on_Your_Own" title="Sometimes You Can't Make It on Your Own">Sometimes You Can't Make It on Your Own</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Adam_Clayton" title="Adam Clayton">Adam Clayton</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Edge" title="The Edge">David Evans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Mullen_Jr." title="Larry Mullen Jr.">Laurence Mullen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Paul Hewson</a> (songwriters) (2005)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Not_Ready_to_Make_Nice" title="Not Ready to Make Nice">Not Ready to Make Nice</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Emily_Robison" class="mw-redirect" title="Emily Robison">Emily Burns Erwin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martie_Maguire" title="Martie Maguire">Martha Maguire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natalie_Maines" title="Natalie Maines">Natalie Maines Pasdar</a> & <a href="/wiki/Dan_Wilson_(musician)" title="Dan Wilson (musician)">Dan Wilson</a> (songwriters) (2006)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rehab_(Amy_Winehouse_song)" title="Rehab (Amy Winehouse song)">Rehab</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Amy_Winehouse" title="Amy Winehouse">Amy Winehouse</a> (songwriter) (2007)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Viva_la_Vida" title="Viva la Vida">Viva la Vida</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Guy_Berryman" title="Guy Berryman">Guy Berryman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonny_Buckland" title="Jonny Buckland">Jonathan Buckland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Will_Champion" title="Will Champion">William Champion</a> & <a href="/wiki/Chris_Martin" title="Chris Martin">Christopher Martin</a> (songwriters) (2008)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Single_Ladies_(Put_a_Ring_on_It)" title="Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)">Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Kuk_Harrell" title="Kuk Harrell">Thaddis "Kuk" Harrell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9" title="Beyoncé">Beyoncé Knowles</a>, <a href="/wiki/The-Dream" title="The-Dream">Terius Nash</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tricky_Stewart" title="Tricky Stewart">Christopher Stewart</a> (songwriters) (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Need_You_Now_(Lady_Antebellum_song)" title="Need You Now (Lady Antebellum song)">Need You Now</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Dave_Haywood" title="Dave Haywood">Dave Haywood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josh_Kear" title="Josh Kear">Josh Kear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kelley" title="Charles Kelley">Charles Kelley</a> & <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Scott" title="Hillary Scott">Hillary Scott</a> (songwriters) (2010)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rolling_in_the_Deep" title="Rolling in the Deep">Rolling in the Deep</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Adele" title="Adele">Adele Adkins</a> & <a href="/wiki/Paul_Epworth" title="Paul Epworth">Paul Epworth</a> (songwriters) (2011)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_Are_Young" title="We Are Young">We Are Young</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Jack_Antonoff" title="Jack Antonoff">Jack Antonoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bhasker" title="Jeff Bhasker">Jeff Bhasker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dost" title="Andrew Dost">Andrew Dost</a> & <a href="/wiki/Nate_Ruess" title="Nate Ruess">Nate Ruess</a> (songwriters) (2012)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Royals_(song)" title="Royals (song)">Royals</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Joel_Little" title="Joel Little">Joel Little</a> & <a href="/wiki/Lorde" title="Lorde">Ella Yelich O'Connor</a> (songwriters) (2013)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stay_with_Me_(Sam_Smith_song)" title="Stay with Me (Sam Smith song)">Stay with Me</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Rodney_Jerkins" title="Rodney Jerkins">Darkchild</a> version) – <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Napes" title="Jimmy Napes">James Napier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tourist_(musician)" title="Tourist (musician)">William Phillips</a> & <a href="/wiki/Sam_Smith" title="Sam Smith">Sam Smith</a> (songwriters) (2014)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Thinking_Out_Loud" title="Thinking Out Loud">Thinking Out Loud</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Ed_Sheeran" title="Ed Sheeran">Ed Sheeran</a> & <a href="/wiki/Amy_Wadge" title="Amy Wadge">Amy Wadge</a> (songwriters) (2015)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hello_(Adele_song)" title="Hello (Adele song)">Hello</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Adele" title="Adele">Adele Adkins</a> & <a href="/wiki/Greg_Kurstin" title="Greg Kurstin">Greg Kurstin</a> (songwriters) (2016)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/That%27s_What_I_Like_(Bruno_Mars_song)" title="That's What I Like (Bruno Mars song)">That's What I Like</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Brody_Brown" title="Brody Brown">Christopher Brody Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Fauntleroy" title="James Fauntleroy">James Fauntleroy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Lawrence_(songwriter)" title="Philip Lawrence (songwriter)">Philip Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Mars" title="Bruno Mars">Bruno Mars</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Stereotypes" title="The Stereotypes">Ray Charles McCullough II, Jeremy Reeves, Ray Romulus & Jonathan Yip</a> (songwriters) (2017)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/This_Is_America_(song)" title="This Is America (song)">This Is America</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Donald_Glover" title="Donald Glover">Donald Glover</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> & <a href="/wiki/Young_Thug" title="Young Thug">Jeffery Lamar Williams</a> (songwriters) (2018)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bad_Guy_(Billie_Eilish_song)" title="Bad Guy (Billie Eilish song)">Bad Guy</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Billie_Eilish" title="Billie Eilish">Billie Eilish O'Connell</a> & <a href="/wiki/Finneas_O%27Connell" title="Finneas O'Connell">Finneas O'Connell</a> (songwriters) (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Can%27t_Breathe_(H.E.R._song)" title="I Can't Breathe (H.E.R. song)">I Can't Breathe</a>" – <a href="/wiki/D%27Mile" title="D'Mile">Dernst Emile II</a>, <a href="/wiki/H.E.R." title="H.E.R.">H.E.R.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tiara_Thomas" title="Tiara Thomas">Tiara Thomas</a> (songwriters) (2020)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Leave_the_Door_Open" title="Leave the Door Open">Leave the Door Open</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Anderson_.Paak" title="Anderson .Paak">Brandon Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brody_Brown" title="Brody Brown">Christopher Brody Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%27Mile" title="D'Mile">Dernst Emile II</a> & <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Mars" title="Bruno Mars">Bruno Mars</a> (songwriters) (2021)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Just_Like_That_(Bonnie_Raitt_song)" title="Just Like That (Bonnie Raitt song)">Just Like That</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Raitt" title="Bonnie Raitt">Bonnie Raitt</a> (songwriter) (2022)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What_Was_I_Made_For%3F" title="What Was I Made For?">What Was I Made For?</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Billie_Eilish" title="Billie Eilish">Billie Eilish O'Connell</a> & <a href="/wiki/Finneas_O%27Connell" title="Finneas O'Connell">Finneas O'Connell</a> (songwriters) (2023)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Not_Like_Us" title="Not Like Us">Not Like Us</a>" – <a href="/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar" title="Kendrick Lamar">Kendrick Lamar</a> (songwriter) (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media99" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Template:Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Template talk:Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media99" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Score_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media" title="Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media">Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>No Award (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatomy_of_a_Murder" title="Anatomy of a Murder">Anatomy of a Murder</a> – <a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington" title="Duke Ellington">Duke Ellington</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_(soundtrack)" title="Exodus (soundtrack)">Exodus</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Gold" title="Ernest Gold">Ernest Gold</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany%27s:_Music_from_the_Motion_Picture" title="Breakfast at Tiffany's: Music from the Motion Picture">Breakfast at Tiffany's</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> (1961)</li> <li>No Award (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Jones_(1963_film)" title="Tom Jones (1963 film)">Tom Jones</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Addison" title="John Addison">John Addison</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Poppins:_Original_Cast_Soundtrack" title="Mary Poppins: Original Cast Soundtrack">Mary Poppins</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Sherman" title="Richard M. Sherman">Richard M. Sherman</a> & <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Sherman" title="Robert B. Sherman">Robert B. Sherman</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sandpiper" title="The Sandpiper">The Sandpiper</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mandel" title="Johnny Mandel">Johnny Mandel</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_Zhivago_(soundtrack)" title="Doctor Zhivago (soundtrack)">Doctor Zhivago</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Jarre" title="Maurice Jarre">Maurice Jarre</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_from_Mission:_Impossible" title="Music from Mission: Impossible">Music from Mission: Impossible</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lalo_Schifrin" title="Lalo Schifrin">Lalo Schifrin</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Graduate_(soundtrack)" title="The Graduate (soundtrack)">The Graduate</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a> & <a href="/wiki/Paul_Simon" title="Paul Simon">Paul Simon</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butch_Cassidy_and_the_Sundance_Kid" title="Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid">Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid</a> – <a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(album)" title="Let It Be (album)">Let It Be</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>) (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaft_(Isaac_Hayes_album)" title="Shaft (Isaac Hayes album)">Shaft</a> – <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Hayes" title="Isaac Hayes">Isaac Hayes</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Godfather_(soundtrack)" title="The Godfather (soundtrack)">The Godfather</a> – <a href="/wiki/Nino_Rota" title="Nino Rota">Nino Rota</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Livingston_Seagull_(soundtrack)" title="Jonathan Livingston Seagull (soundtrack)">Jonathan Livingston Seagull</a> – <a href="/wiki/Neil_Diamond" title="Neil Diamond">Neil Diamond</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_We_Were:_Original_Soundtrack_Recording" title="The Way We Were: Original Soundtrack Recording">The Way We Were: Original Soundtrack Recording</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_and_Marilyn_Bergman" title="Alan and Marilyn Bergman">Alan and Marilyn Bergman</a> & <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaws_(soundtrack)" title="Jaws (soundtrack)">Jaws</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_Wash_(soundtrack)" title="Car Wash (soundtrack)">Car Wash</a> – <a href="/wiki/Norman_Whitfield" title="Norman Whitfield">Norman Whitfield</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(soundtrack)" title="Star Wars (soundtrack)">Star Wars</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind_(soundtrack)" title="Close Encounters of the Third Kind (soundtrack)">Close Encounters of the Third Kind</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superman_(1978_film)" title="Superman (1978 film)">Superman</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back_(soundtrack)" title="The Empire Strikes Back (soundtrack)">The Empire Strikes Back</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark_(soundtrack)" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark (soundtrack)">Raiders of the Lost Ark</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial_(soundtrack)" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (soundtrack)">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashdance_(soundtrack)" title="Flashdance (soundtrack)">Flashdance</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Boddicker" title="Michael Boddicker">Michael Boddicker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irene_Cara" title="Irene Cara">Irene Cara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kim_Carnes" title="Kim Carnes">Kim Carnes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doug_Cotler" title="Doug Cotler">Doug Cotler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Forsey" title="Keith Forsey">Keith Forsey</a>, Richard Gilbert, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Hey" title="Jerry Hey">Jerry Hey</a>, Duane Hitchings, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Krampf" title="Craig Krampf">Craig Krampf</a>, Ronald Magness, Dennis Matkosky, <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder" title="Giorgio Moroder">Giorgio Moroder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Ramone" title="Phil Ramone">Phil Ramone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sembello" title="Michael Sembello">Michael Sembello</a> & <a href="/wiki/Shandi_Sinnamon" title="Shandi Sinnamon">Shandi Sinnamon</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_Rain_(album)" title="Purple Rain (album)">Purple Rain</a> – <a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Revolution_(band)" title="The Revolution (band)">the Revolution</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Cop_(soundtrack)" title="Beverly Hills Cop (soundtrack)">Beverly Hills Cop</a> – Marc Benno, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Faltermeyer" title="Harold Faltermeyer">Harold Faltermeyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Forsey" title="Keith Forsey">Keith Forsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micki_Free" title="Micki Free">Micki Free</a>, John Gilutin Hawk, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hewett" title="Howard Hewett">Howard Hewett</a>, Bunny Hull, Howie Rice, <a href="/wiki/Sharon_Robinson_(songwriter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharon Robinson (songwriter)">Sharon Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Danny_Sembello" title="Danny Sembello">Danny Sembello</a>, Sue Sheridan, Richard Theisen & <a href="/wiki/Allee_Willis" title="Allee Willis">Allee Willis</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_of_Africa_(film)" title="Out of Africa (film)">Out of Africa</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Untouchables_(film)" title="The Untouchables (film)">The Untouchables</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Emperor_(album)" title="The Last Emperor (album)">The Last Emperor</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Byrne" title="David Byrne">David Byrne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cong_Su" title="Cong Su">Cong Su</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Baker_Boys_(Motion_Picture_Soundtrack)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Fabulous Baker Boys (Motion Picture Soundtrack)">The Fabulous Baker Boys</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glory_(1989_film)" title="Glory (1989 film)">Glory</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Horner" title="James Horner">James Horner</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dances_with_Wolves_(soundtrack)" title="Dances with Wolves (soundtrack)">Dances with Wolves</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(1991_soundtrack)" title="Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack)">Beauty and the Beast</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(1992_soundtrack)" title="Aladdin (1992 soundtrack)">Aladdin</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List_(soundtrack)" title="Schindler's List (soundtrack)">Schindler's List</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimson_Tide_(film)" title="Crimson Tide (film)">Crimson Tide</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Arnold" title="David Arnold">David Arnold</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_English_Patient_(soundtrack)" title="The English Patient (soundtrack)">The English Patient</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Yared" title="Gabriel Yared">Gabriel Yared</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saving_Private_Ryan_(soundtrack)" title="Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack)">Saving Private Ryan</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Bug%27s_Life_(soundtrack)" title="A Bug's Life (soundtrack)">A Bug's Life</a> – <a href="/wiki/Randy_Newman" title="Randy Newman">Randy Newman</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Beauty:_Original_Motion_Picture_Score" class="mw-redirect" title="American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score">American Beauty</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crouching_Tiger,_Hidden_Dragon_(soundtrack)" title="Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (soundtrack)">Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tan_Dun" title="Tan Dun">Tan Dun</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings_film_series" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings film series">The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> & John Kurlander (engineer/mixer) (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings_film_series" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings film series">The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a>, John Kurlander (engineer/mixer) & <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cobbin" title="Peter Cobbin">Peter Cobbin</a> (engineer/mixer) (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings_film_series" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings film series">The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King</a> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a>, John Kurlander (engineer/mixer) & <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cobbin" title="Peter Cobbin">Peter Cobbin</a> (engineer/mixer) (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_(soundtrack)" title="Ray (soundtrack)">Ray</a> – <a href="/wiki/Craig_Armstrong_(composer)" title="Craig Armstrong (composer)">Craig Armstrong</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memoirs_of_a_Geisha_(soundtrack)" title="Memoirs of a Geisha (soundtrack)">Memoirs of a Geisha</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratatouille_(soundtrack)" title="Ratatouille (soundtrack)">Ratatouille</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Knight_(soundtrack)" title="The Dark Knight (soundtrack)">The Dark Knight</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> & <a href="/wiki/James_Newton_Howard" title="James Newton Howard">James Newton Howard</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up_(soundtrack)" title="Up (soundtrack)">Up</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Giacchino" title="Michael Giacchino">Michael Giacchino</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toy_Story_3_(soundtrack)" title="Toy Story 3 (soundtrack)">Toy Story 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Randy_Newman" title="Randy Newman">Randy Newman</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_Speech_(soundtrack)" title="The King's Speech (soundtrack)">The King's Speech</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Girl_with_the_Dragon_Tattoo_(soundtrack)" title="The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (soundtrack)">The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo</a> – <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> & <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyfall_(soundtrack)" title="Skyfall (soundtrack)">Skyfall</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newman" title="Thomas Newman">Thomas Newman</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel_(soundtrack)" title="The Grand Budapest Hotel (soundtrack)">The Grand Budapest Hotel</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Desplat" title="Alexandre Desplat">Alexandre Desplat</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birdman_(film_score)" class="mw-redirect" title="Birdman (film score)">Birdman</a> – <a href="/wiki/Antonio_S%C3%A1nchez_(drummer)" title="Antonio Sánchez (drummer)">Antonio Sánchez</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Force_Awakens_(soundtrack)" title="Star Wars: The Force Awakens (soundtrack)">Star Wars: The Force Awakens</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_La_Land_(soundtrack)" title="La La Land (soundtrack)">La La Land</a> – <a href="/wiki/Justin_Hurwitz" title="Justin Hurwitz">Justin Hurwitz</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_(soundtrack)" title="Black Panther (soundtrack)">Black Panther</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernobyl:_Music_from_the_Original_TV_Series" title="Chernobyl: Music from the Original TV Series">Chernobyl</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joker_(soundtrack)" title="Joker (soundtrack)">Joker</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hildur_Gu%C3%B0nad%C3%B3ttir" title="Hildur Guðnadóttir">Hildur Guðnadóttir</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Gambit:_Music_from_the_Netflix_Limited_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="The Queen's Gambit: Music from the Netflix Limited Series">The Queen's Gambit</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Rafael_Rivera" title="Carlos Rafael Rivera">Carlos Rafael Rivera</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soul_(soundtrack)" title="Soul (soundtrack)">Soul</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trent_Reznor" title="Trent Reznor">Trent Reznor</a> & <a href="/wiki/Atticus_Ross" title="Atticus Ross">Atticus Ross</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encanto_(soundtrack)" title="Encanto (soundtrack)">Encanto</a> – <a href="/wiki/Germaine_Franco" title="Germaine Franco">Germaine Franco</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_(soundtrack)" title="Oppenheimer (soundtrack)">Oppenheimer</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_G%C3%B6ransson" title="Ludwig Göransson">Ludwig Göransson</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dune:_Part_Two_(soundtrack)" title="Dune: Part Two (soundtrack)">Dune: Part Two</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hans_Zimmer" title="Hans Zimmer">Hans Zimmer</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Music_Film174" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Music_Film" title="Template:Grammy Award for Best Music Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Music_Film" title="Template talk:Grammy Award for Best Music Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Music_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Award for Best Music Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Music_Film174" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Music_Film" title="Grammy Award for Best Music Film">Grammy Award for Best Music Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1983–1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duran_Duran_(1983_video)" title="Duran Duran (1983 video)">Duran Duran</a> – <a href="/wiki/Duran_Duran" title="Duran Duran">Duran Duran</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson%27s_Thriller_(music_video)" title="Michael Jackson's Thriller (music video)">Making Michael Jackson's Thriller</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a> (1984)</li> <li>Huey Lewis & The News: The Heart of Rock 'n Roll – <a href="/wiki/Huey_Lewis_and_the_News" title="Huey Lewis and the News">Huey Lewis and the News</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bring_On_the_Night" title="Bring On the Night">Bring On the Night</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a> (1986)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Performance_Music_Video" title="Grammy Award for Best Performance Music Video">Best Performance Music Video</a> (1987−1988)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The Prince's Trust All-Star Rock Concert – Various Artists (1987)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Where_the_Streets_Have_No_Name" title="Where the Streets Have No Name">Where the Streets Have No Name</a>" – <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a> (1988)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1989–2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_Nation_1814_(film)" title="Rhythm Nation 1814 (film)">Rhythm Nation 1814</a> – <a href="/wiki/Janet_Jackson" title="Janet Jackson">Janet Jackson</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Please_Hammer_Don%27t_Hurt_%27Em" title="Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em">Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em: The Movie</a> – <a href="/wiki/MC_Hammer" title="MC Hammer">MC Hammer</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blond_Ambition_World_Tour_Live" title="Blond Ambition World Tour Live">Live! – Blond Ambition World Tour 90</a> – <a href="/wiki/Madonna" title="Madonna">Madonna</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diva_(Annie_Lennox_album)" title="Diva (Annie Lennox album)">Diva</a> – <a href="/wiki/Annie_Lennox" title="Annie Lennox">Annie Lennox</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Summoner%27s_Tales" title="Ten Summoner's Tales">Ten Summoner's Tales</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoo_TV:_Live_from_Sydney" title="Zoo TV: Live from Sydney">Zoo TV: Live from Sydney</a> – <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_World_Live" title="Secret World Live">Secret World Live</a> – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gabriel" title="Peter Gabriel">Peter Gabriel</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology" title="The Beatles Anthology">The Beatles Anthology</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagged_Little_Pill,_Live" title="Jagged Little Pill, Live">Jagged Little Pill, Live</a> – <a href="/wiki/Alanis_Morissette" title="Alanis Morissette">Alanis Morissette</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Masters" title="American Masters">American Masters</a>: Lou Reed: Rock & Roll Heart – <a href="/wiki/Lou_Reed" title="Lou Reed">Lou Reed</a> (1998)</li> <li>Band of Gypsys: Live at Fillmore East – <a href="/wiki/Jimi_Hendrix" title="Jimi Hendrix">Jimi Hendrix</a> (1999)</li> <li>Gimme Some Truth: The Making of John Lennon's Imagine Album – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> (2000)</li> <li>Recording The Producers: A Musical Romp with Mel Brooks – <a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clash:_Westway_to_the_World" title="The Clash: Westway to the World">Westway to the World</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Clash" title="The Clash">The Clash</a> (2002)</li> <li>Legend – <a href="/wiki/Sam_Cooke" title="Sam Cooke">Sam Cooke</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_for_George_(album)" title="Concert for George (album)">Concert for George</a> – Various Artists (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Direction_Home" title="No Direction Home">No Direction Home</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_to_Run" title="Born to Run">Wings for Wheels: The Making of Born to Run</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Confessions_Tour_(album)" title="The Confessions Tour (album)">The Confessions Tour</a> – <a href="/wiki/Madonna" title="Madonna">Madonna</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runnin%27_Down_a_Dream_(film)" title="Runnin' Down a Dream (film)">Runnin' Down a Dream</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tom_Petty_and_the_Heartbreakers" title="Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers">Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Together_Now_(2008_film)" title="All Together Now (2008 film)">The Beatles Love – All Together Now</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cirque_du_Soleil" title="Cirque du Soleil">Cirque du Soleil</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2010–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/When_You%27re_Strange" title="When You're Strange">When You're Strange: A Film About The Doors</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Doors" title="The Doors">The Doors</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foo_Fighters:_Back_and_Forth" title="Foo Fighters: Back and Forth">Back and Forth</a> – <a href="/wiki/Foo_Fighters" title="Foo Fighters">Foo Fighters</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Sharpe_and_the_Magnetic_Zeros#Big_Easy_Express_and_second_studio_album_(Here)" title="Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros">Big Easy Express</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mumford_%26_Sons" title="Mumford & Sons">Mumford & Sons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Sharpe_and_the_Magnetic_Zeros" title="Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros">Edward Sharpe & The Magnetic Zeros</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old_Crow_Medicine_Show" title="Old Crow Medicine Show">Old Crow Medicine Show</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITunes_Live_from_Capitol_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="ITunes Live from Capitol Studios">Live Kisses</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_Feet_from_Stardom" title="20 Feet from Stardom">20 Feet from Stardom</a> – <a href="/wiki/Darlene_Love" title="Darlene Love">Darlene Love</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merry_Clayton" title="Merry Clayton">Merry Clayton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Fischer" title="Lisa Fischer">Lisa Fischer</a> & <a href="/wiki/Judith_Hill" title="Judith Hill">Judith Hill</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_(2015_film)" title="Amy (2015 film)">Amy</a> – <a href="/wiki/Amy_Winehouse" title="Amy Winehouse">Amy Winehouse</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_Eight_Days_a_Week" title="The Beatles: Eight Days a Week">The Beatles: Eight Days a Week - The Touring Years</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Defiant_Ones_(TV_series)" title="The Defiant Ones (TV series)">The Defiant Ones</a> – Various Artists (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy_(film)" title="Quincy (film)">Quincy</a> – <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homecoming:_A_Film_by_Beyonc%C3%A9" title="Homecoming: A Film by Beyoncé">Homecoming: A Film by Beyoncé</a> – <a href="/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9" title="Beyoncé">Beyoncé</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt:_The_Sound_of_My_Voice" title="Linda Ronstadt: The Sound of My Voice">Linda Ronstadt: The Sound of My Voice</a> – <a href="/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt" title="Linda Ronstadt">Linda Ronstadt</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Soul" title="Summer of Soul">Summer of Soul</a> – Various Artists (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_Fest:_A_New_Orleans_Story" title="Jazz Fest: A New Orleans Story">Jazz Fest: A New Orleans Story</a> – Various Artists (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonage_Daydream_(film)" title="Moonage Daydream (film)">Moonage Daydream</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Symphony_(film)" title="American Symphony (film)">American Symphony</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jon_Batiste" title="Jon Batiste">Jon Batiste</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award95" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award95" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award">Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1963–1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1963 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a></li></ul></li> <li>1965 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></li></ul></li> <li>1966 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington" title="Duke Ellington">Duke Ellington</a></li></ul></li> <li>1967 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a></li></ul></li> <li>1968 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a></li></ul></li> <li>1971 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a></li></ul></li> <li>1972 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahalia_Jackson" title="Mahalia Jackson">Mahalia Jackson</a></li></ul></li> <li>1984 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Berry" title="Chuck Berry">Chuck Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Parker" title="Charlie Parker">Charlie Parker</a></li></ul></li> <li>1985 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></li></ul></li> <li>1986 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Goodman" title="Benny Goodman">Benny Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a></li></ul></li> <li>1987 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Acuff" title="Roy Acuff">Roy Acuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Carter" title="Benny Carter">Benny Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caruso" title="Enrico Caruso">Enrico Caruso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fats_Domino" title="Fats Domino">Fats Domino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Herman" title="Woody Herman">Woody Herman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Holiday" title="Billie Holiday">Billie Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._B._King" title="B. B. King">B. B. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini" title="Arturo Toscanini">Arturo Toscanini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Williams" title="Hank Williams">Hank Williams</a></li></ul></li> <li>1989 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Casals" title="Pablo Casals">Pablo Casals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jascha_Heifetz" title="Jascha Heifetz">Jascha Heifetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne" title="Lena Horne">Lena Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Smith" title="Bessie Smith">Bessie Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Tatum" title="Art Tatum">Art Tatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan">Sarah Vaughan</a></li></ul></li> <li>1990 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nat_King_Cole" title="Nat King Cole">Nat King Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1991–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1991 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Anderson" title="Marian Anderson">Marian Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Wells" title="Kitty Wells">Kitty Wells</a></li></ul></li> <li>1992 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown" title="James Brown">James Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Coltrane" title="John Coltrane">John Coltrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_Hendrix" title="Jimi Hendrix">Jimi Hendrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muddy_Waters" title="Muddy Waters">Muddy Waters</a></li></ul></li> <li>1993 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chet_Atkins" title="Chet Atkins">Chet Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Richard" title="Little Richard">Little Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelonious_Monk" title="Thelonious Monk">Thelonious Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Monroe" title="Bill Monroe">Bill Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Seeger" title="Pete Seeger">Pete Seeger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fats_Waller" title="Fats Waller">Fats Waller</a></li></ul></li> <li>1994 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Evans" title="Bill Evans">Bill Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a></li></ul></li> <li>1995 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Cline" title="Patsy Cline">Patsy Cline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Lee" title="Peggy Lee">Peggy Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Mayfield" title="Curtis Mayfield">Curtis Mayfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a></li></ul></li> <li>1996 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Brubeck" title="Dave Brubeck">Dave Brubeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Gaye" title="Marvin Gaye">Marvin Gaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Georg Solti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a></li></ul></li> <li>1997 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Bland" title="Bobby Bland">Bobby "Blue" Bland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Everly_Brothers" title="The Everly Brothers">The Everly Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Grappelli" title="Stéphane Grappelli">Stéphane Grappelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Holly" title="Buddy Holly">Buddy Holly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mingus" title="Charles Mingus">Charles Mingus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Peterson" title="Oscar Peterson">Oscar Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Zappa" title="Frank Zappa">Frank Zappa</a></li></ul></li> <li>1998 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Diddley" title="Bo Diddley">Bo Diddley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mills_Brothers" title="The Mills Brothers">The Mills Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Orbison" title="Roy Orbison">Roy Orbison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Robeson" title="Paul Robeson">Paul Robeson</a></li></ul></li> <li>1999 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Cooke" title="Sam Cooke">Sam Cooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Redding" title="Otis Redding">Otis Redding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smokey_Robinson" title="Smokey Robinson">Smokey Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Torm%C3%A9" title="Mel Tormé">Mel Tormé</a></li></ul></li> <li>2000 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Guthrie" title="Woody Guthrie">Woody Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lee_Hooker" title="John Lee Hooker">John Lee Hooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_Miller" title="Mitch Miller">Mitch Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Nelson" title="Willie Nelson">Willie Nelson</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2001–2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys">The Beach Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Bennett" title="Tony Bennett">Tony Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Marley" title="Bob Marley">Bob Marley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Who" title="The Who">The Who</a></li></ul></li> <li>2002 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Clooney" title="Rosemary Clooney">Rosemary Clooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Como" title="Perry Como">Perry Como</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Green" title="Al Green">Al Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joni_Mitchell" title="Joni Mitchell">Joni Mitchell</a></li></ul></li> <li>2003 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Etta_James" title="Etta James">Etta James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mathis" title="Johnny Mathis">Johnny Mathis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Miller" title="Glenn Miller">Glenn Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito_Puente" title="Tito Puente">Tito Puente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Garfunkel" title="Simon & Garfunkel">Simon & Garfunkel</a></li></ul></li> <li>2004 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Cliburn" title="Van Cliburn">Van Cliburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Funk_Brothers" title="The Funk Brothers">The Funk Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Jenkins" title="Ella Jenkins">Ella Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Rollins" title="Sonny Rollins">Sonny Rollins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artie_Shaw" title="Artie Shaw">Artie Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Watson" title="Doc Watson">Doc Watson</a></li></ul></li> <li>2005 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eddy_Arnold" title="Eddy Arnold">Eddy Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Blakey" title="Art Blakey">Art Blakey</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Carter_Family" title="Carter Family">Carter Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_Gould" title="Morton Gould">Morton Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janis_Joplin" title="Janis Joplin">Janis Joplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lee_Lewis" title="Jerry Lee Lewis">Jerry Lee Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelly_Roll_Morton" title="Jelly Roll Morton">Jelly Roll Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinetop_Perkins" title="Pinetop Perkins">Pinetop Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Staple_Singers" title="The Staple Singers">The Staple Singers</a></li></ul></li> <li>2006 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cream_(band)" title="Cream (band)">Cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merle_Haggard" title="Merle Haggard">Merle Haggard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Johnson" title="Robert Johnson">Robert Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pryor" title="Richard Pryor">Richard Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weavers" title="The Weavers">The Weavers</a></li></ul></li> <li>2007 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Baez" title="Joan Baez">Joan Baez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._%26_the_M.G.%27s" title="Booker T. & the M.G.'s">Booker T. & the M.G.'s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ornette_Coleman" title="Ornette Coleman">Ornette Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Doors" title="The Doors">The Doors</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Wills" title="Bob Wills">Bob Wills</a></li></ul></li> <li>2008 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Band" title="The Band">The Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_Calloway" title="Cab Calloway">Cab Calloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Day" title="Doris Day">Doris Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itzhak_Perlman" title="Itzhak Perlman">Itzhak Perlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Roach" title="Max Roach">Max Roach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Scruggs" title="Earl Scruggs">Earl Scruggs</a></li></ul></li> <li>2009 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Autry" title="Gene Autry">Gene Autry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Blind_Boys_of_Alabama" title="The Blind Boys of Alabama">The Blind Boys of Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Tops" title="Four Tops">The Four Tops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Jones" title="Hank Jones">Hank Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Lee" title="Brenda Lee">Brenda Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Martin" title="Dean Martin">Dean Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Paxton" title="Tom Paxton">Tom Paxton</a></li></ul></li> <li>2010 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Darin" title="Bobby Darin">Bobby Darin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_%22Honeyboy%22_Edwards" title="David "Honeyboy" Edwards">David "Honeyboy" Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Lynn" title="Loretta Lynn">Loretta Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Previn" title="André Previn">André Previn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_Terry" title="Clark Terry">Clark Terry</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2011–2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2011 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Haynes" title="Roy Haynes">Roy Haynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juilliard_String_Quartet" title="Juilliard String Quartet">Juilliard String Quartet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kingston_Trio" title="The Kingston Trio">The Kingston Trio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolly_Parton" title="Dolly Parton">Dolly Parton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramones" title="Ramones">Ramones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Beverly_Shea" title="George Beverly Shea">George Beverly Shea</a></li></ul></li> <li>2012 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Allman_Brothers_Band" title="The Allman Brothers Band">The Allman Brothers Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Campbell" title="Glen Campbell">Glen Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Carlos_Jobim" title="Antônio Carlos Jobim">Antônio Carlos Jobim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jones" title="George Jones">George Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Memphis_Horns" title="The Memphis Horns">The Memphis Horns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Ross" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron" title="Gil Scott-Heron">Gil Scott-Heron</a></li></ul></li> <li>2013 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Gould" title="Glenn Gould">Glenn Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Haden" title="Charlie Haden">Charlie Haden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightnin%27_Hopkins" title="Lightnin' Hopkins">Lightnin' Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carole_King" title="Carole King">Carole King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patti_Page" title="Patti Page">Patti Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar" title="Ravi Shankar">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Temptations" title="The Temptations">The Temptations</a></li></ul></li> <li>2014 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Chenier" title="Clifton Chenier">Clifton Chenier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Isley_Brothers" title="The Isley Brothers">The Isley Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kris_Kristofferson" title="Kris Kristofferson">Kris Kristofferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Manzanero" title="Armando Manzanero">Armando Manzanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maud_Powell" title="Maud Powell">Maud Powell</a></li></ul></li> <li>2015 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bee_Gees" title="Bee Gees">Bee Gees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Guy" title="Buddy Guy">Buddy Guy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flaco_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Flaco Jiménez">Flaco Jiménez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Louvin_Brothers" title="The Louvin Brothers">The Louvin Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Shorter" title="Wayne Shorter">Wayne Shorter</a></li></ul></li> <li>2016 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Brown" title="Ruth Brown">Ruth Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celia_Cruz" title="Celia Cruz">Celia Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth,_Wind_%26_Fire" title="Earth, Wind & Fire">Earth, Wind & Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Airplane" title="Jefferson Airplane">Jefferson Airplane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt" title="Linda Ronstadt">Linda Ronstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run-DMC" title="Run-DMC">Run-DMC</a></li></ul></li> <li>2017 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Caesar" title="Shirley Caesar">Shirley Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Jamal" title="Ahmad Jamal">Ahmad Jamal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Pride" title="Charley Pride">Charley Pride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Rodgers_(country_singer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jimmie Rodgers (country singer)">Jimmie Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Simone" title="Nina Simone">Nina Simone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sly_Stone" title="Sly Stone">Sly Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Velvet_Underground" title="The Velvet Underground">The Velvet Underground</a></li></ul></li> <li>2018 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Blaine" title="Hal Blaine">Hal Blaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Diamond" title="Neil Diamond">Neil Diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmylou_Harris" title="Emmylou Harris">Emmylou Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Jordan" title="Louis Jordan">Louis Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Meters" title="The Meters">The Meters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_(band)" title="Queen (band)">Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Turner" title="Tina Turner">Tina Turner</a></li></ul></li> <li>2019 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sabbath" title="Black Sabbath">Black Sabbath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Clinton_(funk_musician)" title="George Clinton (funk musician)">George Clinton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parliament-Funkadelic" title="Parliament-Funkadelic">Parliament-Funkadelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Eckstine" title="Billy Eckstine">Billy Eckstine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donny_Hathaway" title="Donny Hathaway">Donny Hathaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_Iglesias" title="Julio Iglesias">Julio Iglesias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_%26_Dave" title="Sam & Dave">Sam & Dave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionne_Warwick" title="Dionne Warwick">Dionne Warwick</a></li></ul></li> <li>2020 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_(band)" title="Chicago (band)">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberta_Flack" title="Roberta Flack">Roberta Flack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Hayes" title="Isaac Hayes">Isaac Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iggy_Pop" title="Iggy Pop">Iggy Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prine" title="John Prine">John Prine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Enemy" title="Public Enemy">Public Enemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_Rosetta_Tharpe" title="Sister Rosetta Tharpe">Sister Rosetta Tharpe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2021–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2021 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_Flash_and_the_Furious_Five" title="Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five">Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Hampton" title="Lionel Hampton">Lionel Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt-N-Pepa" title="Salt-N-Pepa">Salt-N-Pepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selena" title="Selena">Selena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talking_Heads" title="Talking Heads">Talking Heads</a></li></ul></li> <li>2022 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Raitt" title="Bonnie Raitt">Bonnie Raitt</a></li></ul></li> <li>2023 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_McFerrin" title="Bobby McFerrin">Bobby McFerrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Rainey" title="Ma Rainey">Ma Rainey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slick_Rick" title="Slick Rick">Slick Rick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile_Rodgers" title="Nile Rodgers">Nile Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Supremes" title="The Supremes">The Supremes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Wilson" title="Ann Wilson">Ann Wilson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Wilson_(rock_musician)" title="Nancy Wilson (rock musician)">Nancy Wilson</a></li></ul></li> <li>2024 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Anderson" title="Laurie Anderson">Laurie Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clark_Sisters" title="The Clark Sisters">The Clark Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladys_Knight" title="Gladys Knight">Gladys Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N.W.A" title="N.W.A">N.W.A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Summer" title="Donna Summer">Donna Summer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tammy_Wynette" title="Tammy Wynette">Tammy Wynette</a></li></ul></li> <li>2025 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frankie_Beverly" title="Frankie Beverly">Frankie Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clash" title="The Clash">The Clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Jones_(singer)" title="Bobby Jones (singer)">Bobby Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taj_Mahal_(musician)" title="Taj Mahal (musician)">Taj Mahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_(musician)" title="Prince (musician)">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxanne_Shante" title="Roxanne Shante">Roxanne Shante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankie_Valli" title="Frankie Valli">Frankie Valli</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_–_Class_of_1988162" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys">The Beach Boys</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jardine" title="Al Jardine">Al Jardine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Love" title="Mike Love">Mike Love</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Wilson" title="Brian Wilson">Brian Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilson" title="Carl Wilson">Carl Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Wilson" title="Dennis Wilson">Dennis Wilson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Drifters" title="The Drifters">The Drifters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_E._King" title="Ben E. King">Ben E. King</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudy_Lewis" title="Rudy Lewis">Rudy Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clyde_McPhatter" title="Clyde McPhatter">Clyde McPhatter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Moore_(singer)" title="Johnny Moore (singer)">Johnny Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Pinkney" title="Bill Pinkney">Bill Pinkney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Thomas_(musician)" title="Charlie Thomas (musician)">Charlie Thomas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhart_Thrasher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhart Thrasher (page does not exist)">Gerhart Thrasher</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Supremes" title="The Supremes">The Supremes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Ballard" title="Florence Ballard">Florence Ballard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diana_Ross" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Wilson_(singer)" title="Mary Wilson (singer)">Mary Wilson</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early influences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Guthrie" title="Woody Guthrie">Woody Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_Belly" title="Lead Belly">Lead Belly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Paul" title="Les Paul">Les Paul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-performers (Ahmet Ertegun Award)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berry_Gordy" title="Berry Gordy">Berry Gordy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_–_Class_of_1994162" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1994_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:1994 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1994_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:1994 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1994_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1994 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_–_Class_of_1994162" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a> – <a href="/wiki/List_of_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees">Class of 1994</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Animals" title="The Animals">The Animals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Burdon" title="Eric Burdon">Eric Burdon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chas_Chandler" title="Chas Chandler">Chas Chandler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Price" title="Alan Price">Alan Price</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Steel_(drummer)" title="John Steel (drummer)">John Steel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hilton_Valentine" title="Hilton Valentine">Hilton Valentine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Band" title="The Band">The Band</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Danko" title="Rick Danko">Rick Danko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levon_Helm" title="Levon Helm">Levon Helm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garth_Hudson" title="Garth Hudson">Garth Hudson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Manuel" title="Richard Manuel">Richard Manuel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robbie_Robertson" title="Robbie Robertson">Robbie Robertson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duane_Eddy" title="Duane Eddy">Duane Eddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Constanten" title="Tom Constanten">Tom Constanten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Garcia" title="Jerry Garcia">Jerry Garcia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donna_Jean_Godchaux" title="Donna Jean Godchaux">Donna Jean Godchaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Godchaux" title="Keith Godchaux">Keith Godchaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Hart" title="Mickey Hart">Mickey Hart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hunter_(lyricist)" title="Robert Hunter (lyricist)">Robert Hunter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Kreutzmann" title="Bill Kreutzmann">Bill Kreutzmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Lesh" title="Phil Lesh">Phil Lesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ron_%22Pigpen%22_McKernan" title="Ron "Pigpen" McKernan">Ron "Pigpen" McKernan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brent_Mydland" title="Brent Mydland">Brent Mydland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Weir" title="Bob Weir">Bob Weir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vince_Welnick" title="Vince Welnick">Vince Welnick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Marley" title="Bob Marley">Bob Marley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Stewart" title="Rod Stewart">Rod Stewart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early influences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Dixon" title="Willie Dixon">Willie Dixon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-performers (Ahmet Ertegun Award)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Otis" title="Johnny Otis">Johnny Otis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256394678" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-group" aria-labelledby="The_Beatles578" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Beatles" title="Template:The Beatles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Beatles" title="Template talk:The Beatles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Beatles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Beatles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Beatles578" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Sutcliffe" title="Stuart Sutcliffe">Stuart Sutcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Best" title="Pete Best">Pete Best</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chas_Newby" title="Chas Newby">Chas Newby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Chapman" title="Norman Chapman">Norman Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Moore_(musician)" title="Tommy Moore (musician)">Tommy Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Nicol" title="Jimmie Nicol">Jimmie Nicol</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Beatles" title="Outline of the Beatles">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_timeline" title="The Beatles timeline">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Quarrymen" title="The Quarrymen">The Quarrymen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_Hamburg" title="The Beatles in Hamburg">In Hamburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_at_the_Cavern_Club" title="The Beatles at the Cavern Club">At the Cavern Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_Decca_audition" title="The Beatles' Decca audition">Decca audition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_North_American_releases" title="The Beatles' North American releases">North American releases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatlemania" title="Beatlemania">Beatlemania</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/More_popular_than_Jesus" title="More popular than Jesus">More popular than Jesus</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_Bangor" title="The Beatles in Bangor">In Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_India" title="The Beatles in India">In India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break-up_of_the_Beatles" title="Break-up of the Beatles">Break-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">Murder of John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology" title="The Beatles Anthology">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_bands_featuring_members_of_the_Beatles" title="List of members of bands featuring members of the Beatles">Line-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_the_Beatles" title="Religious views of the Beatles">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_timeline" title="The Beatles timeline">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_the_Beatles" title="List of awards and nominations received by the Beatles">Awards and nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_bootleg_recordings" title="The Beatles bootleg recordings">Bootlegs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_albums_discography" title="The Beatles albums discography">Albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_singles_discography" title="The Beatles singles discography">Singles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_in_film" title="The Beatles in film">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Beatles%27_instruments" title="List of the Beatles' instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Beatles%27_live_performances" title="List of the Beatles' live performances">Live performances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_performed_on_Beatles_recordings" title="List of people who performed on Beatles recordings">Performers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaborations_between_ex-Beatles" title="Collaborations between ex-Beatles">Post-breakup collaborations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_the_Beatles" title="List of songs recorded by the Beatles">Songs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cover_versions_of_Beatles_songs" title="List of cover versions of Beatles songs">Cover versions of Beatles songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_covered_by_the_Beatles" title="List of songs covered by the Beatles">Songs covered by the Beatles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_recording_sessions" title="The Beatles' recording sessions">Recording sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tributes_to_the_Beatles" title="Tributes to the Beatles">Tributes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tours and performances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beat_Ballad_Show_Tour" title="The Beat Ballad Show Tour">1960 Johnny Gentle Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Winter_1963_Helen_Shapiro_Tour" title="The Beatles Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro Tour">Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Orbison/The_Beatles_Tour" title="Roy Orbison/The Beatles Tour">1963 Roy Orbison Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_on_The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Beatles on The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show appearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1964_world_tour" title="The Beatles' 1964 world tour">1964 world tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1964_tour_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Beatles' 1964 tour of Australia">The Beatles' 1964 tour of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1964_North_American_tour" title="The Beatles' 1964 North American tour">1964 North American tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1965_European_tour" title="The Beatles' 1965 European tour">1965 European tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1965_US_tour" title="The Beatles' 1965 US tour">1965 US tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1965_UK_tour" title="The Beatles' 1965 UK tour">1965 UK tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1966_tour_of_Germany,_Japan_and_the_Philippines" title="The Beatles' 1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines">1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1966_US_tour" title="The Beatles' 1966 US tour">1966 US tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_World_(1967_TV_program)" title="Our World (1967 TV program)">Our World performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles%27_rooftop_concert" title="The Beatles' rooftop concert">Rooftop concert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Beatle" title="Fifth Beatle">Personnel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEFFF">Management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Aspinall" title="Neil Aspinall">Neil Aspinall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Barrow" title="Tony Barrow">Tony Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Brown_(music_manager)" title="Peter Brown (music manager)">Peter Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Epstein" title="Brian Epstein">Brian Epstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_Evans" title="Mal Evans">Mal Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_James" title="Dick James">Dick James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freda_Kelly" title="Freda Kelly">Freda Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Klein" title="Allen Klein">Allen Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lockwood" title="Joseph Lockwood">Joseph Lockwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Taylor" title="Alistair Taylor">Alistair Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Taylor" title="Derek Taylor">Derek Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Williams" title="Allan Williams">Allan Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEFFF">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Emerick" title="Geoff Emerick">Geoff Emerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lush_(recording_engineer_and_producer)" title="Richard Lush (recording engineer and producer)">Richard Lush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Martin" title="George Martin">George Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_McDonald" title="Phil McDonald">Phil McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Preston" title="Billy Preston">Billy Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Scott" title="Ken Scott">Ken Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Sheridan" title="Tony Sheridan">Tony Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector" title="Phil Spector">Phil Spector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Smith_(record_producer)" title="Norman Smith (record producer)">Norman Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Corps" title="Apple Corps">Apple Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Records" title="Apple Records">Apple Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrisongs" title="Harrisongs">Harrisongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Songs" title="Northern Songs">Northern Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlophone" title="Parlophone">Parlophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seltaeb" title="Seltaeb">Seltaeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Startling_Music" title="Startling Music">Startling Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_Records" title="Swan Records">Swan Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tollie_Records" title="Tollie Records">Tollie Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Artists_Records" title="United Artists Records">United Artists Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vee-Jay_Records" title="Vee-Jay Records">Vee-Jay Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10_Admiral_Grove" title="10 Admiral Grove">10 Admiral Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_Arnold_Grove" title="12 Arnold Grove">12 Arnold Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_Forthlin_Road" title="20 Forthlin Road">20 Forthlin Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/251_Menlove_Avenue" title="251 Menlove Avenue">251 Menlove Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34_Montagu_Square,_Marylebone" title="34 Montagu Square, Marylebone">34 Montagu Square, Marylebone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Road,_London" title="Abbey Road, London">Abbey Road, London</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Road_Studios" title="Abbey Road Studios">Abbey Road Studios</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad_Lib_Club" title="Ad Lib Club">Ad Lib Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bag_O%27Nails" title="The Bag O'Nails">The Bag O'Nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatles_Ashram" title="Beatles Ashram">Beatles Ashram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatles-Platz" title="Beatles-Platz">Beatles-Platz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Angel_(nightclub)" title="Blue Angel (nightclub)">Blue Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casbah_Coffee_Club" title="Casbah Coffee Club">Casbah Coffee Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlestick_Park" title="Candlestick Park">Candlestick Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cavern_Club" title="The Cavern Club">The Cavern Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavern_Mecca" title="Cavern Mecca">Cavern Mecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiskey_Park" title="Comiskey Park">Comiskey Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jacaranda" title="The Jacaranda">The Jacaranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiserkeller" title="Kaiserkeller">Kaiserkeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinfauns" title="Kinfauns">Kinfauns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Palladium" title="London Palladium">London Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Lane,_Liverpool" title="Penny Lane, Liverpool">Penny Lane, Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savile_Row" title="Savile Row">3 Savile Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Scotch_of_St._James" title="The Scotch of St. James">The Scotch of St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shea_Stadium" title="Shea Stadium">Shea Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Church,_Woolton,_Liverpool" title="St Peter's Church, Woolton, Liverpool">St Peter's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Street,_Liverpool" title="Stanley Street, Liverpool">Stanley Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star-Club" title="Star-Club">Star-Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Field" title="Strawberry Field">Strawberry Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tittenhurst_Park" title="Tittenhurst Park">Tittenhurst Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Ten_Club" title="Top Ten Club">Top Ten Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigmore_Street" title="Wigmore Street">Wigmore Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Selected books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Anthology_(book)" title="The Beatles Anthology (book)">The Beatles Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_The_Authorised_Biography" title="The Beatles: The Authorised Biography">The Beatles: The Authorised Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_All_These_Years" title="The Beatles: All These Years">The Beatles: All These Years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Cellarful_of_Noise" title="A Cellarful of Noise">A Cellarful of Noise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I,_Me,_Mine" title="I, Me, Mine">I, Me, Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Remembers" title="Lennon Remembers">Lennon Remembers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney:_Many_Years_from_Now" title="Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now">Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Corps_v_Apple_Computer" title="Apple Corps v Apple Computer">Apple Corps v Apple Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_scruffs" title="Apple scruffs">Apple scruffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatle_boot" title="Beatle boot">Beatle boot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_at_Abbey_Road" title="The Beatles at Abbey Road">The Beatles at Abbey Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles_Monument" title="The Beatles Monument">The Beatles Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatlesque" title="Beatlesque">Beatlesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beat_music" title="Beat music">Beat music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_impact_of_the_Beatles" title="Cultural impact of the Beatles">Cultural impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Beatle" title="Fifth Beatle">Fifth Beatle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Beatles_Day" title="Global Beatles Day">Global Beatles Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Images_of_a_Woman" title="Images of a Woman">Images of a Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon%E2%80%93McCartney" title="Lennon–McCartney">Lennon–McCartney</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Paul_is_dead" title="Paul is dead">Paul is dead</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_Go_the_Beatles" title="Pop Go the Beatles">Pop Go the Beatles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recording_practices_of_the_Beatles" title="Recording practices of the Beatles">Recording practices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_double_tracking" title="Automatic double tracking">automatic double tracking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(musical)" title="Let It Be (musical)">Let It Be (musical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles:_Rock_Band" title="The Beatles: Rock Band">The Beatles: Rock Band</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_in_The_Beatles:_Rock_Band" title="List of songs in The Beatles: Rock Band">songs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rutles" title="The Rutles">The Rutles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:The_Beatles" title="Category:The Beatles">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256394678" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-group" aria-labelledby="Plastic_Ono_Band223" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Template:Plastic Ono Band"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Template talk:Plastic Ono Band"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Plastic Ono Band"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Plastic_Ono_Band223" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Plastic Ono Band">Plastic Ono Band</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969–1974</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Clapton" title="Eric Clapton">Eric Clapton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Voormann" title="Klaus Voormann">Klaus Voormann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_White_(Yes_drummer)" title="Alan White (Yes drummer)">Alan White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaney_Bramlett" title="Delaney Bramlett">Delaney Bramlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Bramlett" title="Bonnie Bramlett">Bonnie Bramlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(musician)" title="Jim Gordon (musician)">Jim Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Hopkins" title="Nicky Hopkins">Nicky Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Keys" title="Bobby Keys">Bobby Keys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Moon" title="Keith Moon">Keith Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Preston" title="Billy Preston">Billy Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Price_(musician)" title="Jim Price (musician)">Jim Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McCracken" title="Hugh McCracken">Hugh McCracken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Scharf" title="Stuart Scharf">Stuart Scharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Spinozza" title="David Spinozza">David Spinozza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Ascher" title="Kenneth Ascher">Kenneth Ascher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Brecker" title="Michael Brecker">Michael Brecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Jenkins_(musician)" title="Arthur Jenkins (musician)">Arthur Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Friedman_(percussionist)" title="David Friedman (percussionist)">David Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneaky_Pete_Kleinow" title="Sneaky Pete Kleinow">Pete Kleinow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Frank_Brooks" title="Don Frank Brooks">Don Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Steig" title="Jeremy Steig">Jeremy Steig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Ed_Davis" title="Jesse Ed Davis">Jesse Ed Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Mottau" title="Eddie Mottau">Eddie Mottau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2009–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Ono Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_(musician)" title="Cornelius (musician)">Cornelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuka_Honda" title="Yuka Honda">Yuka Honda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Leonhart" title="Michael Leonhart">Michael Leonhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Friedlander" title="Erik Friedlander">Erik Friedlander</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Live_Peace_in_Toronto_1969" title="Live Peace in Toronto 1969">Live Peace in Toronto 1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band">Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Some Time in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Approximately_Infinite_Universe" title="Approximately Infinite Universe">Approximately Infinite Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeling_the_Space" title="Feeling the Space">Feeling the Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_Games_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Mind Games (John Lennon album)">Mind Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walls_and_Bridges" title="Walls and Bridges">Walls and Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaved_Fish" title="Shaved Fish">Shaved Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_in_New_York_City_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Live in New York City (John Lennon album)">Live in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Stop_Me!" title="Don't Stop Me!">Don't Stop Me!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Between_My_Head_and_the_Sky" title="Between My Head and the Sky">Between My Head and the Sky</a></li> <li>The Flaming Lips with Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_to_the_Land_of_Hell" title="Take Me to the Land of Hell">Take Me to the Land of Hell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Remember_Love_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Remember Love (Yoko Ono song)">Remember Love</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cold_Turkey" title="Cold Turkey">Cold Turkey</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Worry_Kyoko_(Mummy%27s_Only_Looking_for_Her_Hand_in_the_Snow)" title="Don't Worry Kyoko (Mummy's Only Looking for Her Hand in the Snow)">Don't Worry Kyoko (Mummy's Only Looking for a Hand in the Snow)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma!" title="Instant Karma!">Instant Karma!</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Who_Has_Seen_the_Wind%3F_(song)" title="Who Has Seen the Wind? (song)">Who Has Seen the Wind?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mother_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Mother (John Lennon song)">Mother</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Why_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Why (Yoko Ono song)">Why</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Open_Your_Box" title="Open Your Box">Open Your Box</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Touch_Me_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Touch Me (Yoko Ono song)">Touch Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Listen,_the_Snow_Is_Falling" title="Listen, the Snow Is Falling">Listen, the Snow Is Falling</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Woman_Is_the_Nigger_of_the_World" title="Woman Is the Nigger of the World">Woman Is the Nigger of the World</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Sisters,_O_Sisters" title="Sisters, O Sisters">Sisters, O Sisters</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Now_or_Never_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Now or Never (Yoko Ono song)">Now or Never</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Move_on_Fast" title="Move on Fast">Move on Fast</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Death_of_Samantha_(song)" title="Death of Samantha (song)">Death of Samantha</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Yang_Yang_(song)" title="Yang Yang (song)">Yang Yang</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mind_Games_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Mind Games (John Lennon song)">Mind Games</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Meat_City" title="Meat City">Meat City</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Whatever_Gets_You_thru_the_Night" title="Whatever Gets You thru the Night">Whatever Gets You thru the Night</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/Beef_Jerky_(instrumental)" title="Beef Jerky (instrumental)">Beef Jerky</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Number_9_Dream" title="Number 9 Dream">#9 Dream</a>"/"<a href="/wiki/What_You_Got_(John_Lennon_song)" title="What You Got (John Lennon song)">What You Got</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Working_Class_Hero" title="Working Class Hero">Working Class Hero</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Plastic_Ono_Band_line-ups" title="List of Plastic Ono Band line-ups">List of Plastic Ono Band line-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant%27s_Memory" title="Elephant's Memory">Elephant's Memory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dirty_Mac" title="The Dirty Mac">The Dirty Mac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Rock_and_Roll_Revival" title="Toronto Rock and Roll Revival">Toronto Rock and Roll Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Toronto" title="Sweet Toronto">Sweet Toronto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Category:Plastic Ono Band">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256394678" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist" aria-labelledby="John_Lennon_family83" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_Lennon_family" title="Template:John Lennon family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:John_Lennon_family" title="Template talk:John Lennon family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_Lennon_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John Lennon family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_Lennon_family83" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> family</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lennon" title="Alfred Lennon">Alfred Lennon</a> (1912–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Lennon" title="Julia Lennon">Julia Lennon</a> (1914–1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aunts and uncles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Toogood_Smith" title="George Toogood Smith">George Toogood Smith</a> (1903–1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Smith" title="Mimi Smith">Mimi Smith</a> (1906–1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Half-sibling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Baird_(teacher)" title="Julia Baird (teacher)">Julia Baird</a> (born 1947)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon" title="Julian Lennon">Julian Lennon</a> (born 1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Lennon</a> (born 1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lennon" title="Cynthia Lennon">Cynthia Powell</a> (1939–2015; married 1962–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a> (born 1933; married 1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relationships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_Pang" title="May Pang">May Pang</a> (born 1950; partnered 1973–1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256394678" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-solo" aria-labelledby="Yoko_Ono301" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yoko_Ono" title="Template:Yoko Ono"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yoko_Ono" title="Template talk:Yoko Ono"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yoko_Ono" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yoko Ono"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yoko_Ono301" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono_discography" title="Yoko Ono discography">Discography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Yoko_Ono" title="List of songs recorded by Yoko Ono">Songs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studio albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band">Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_(Yoko_Ono_album)" title="Fly (Yoko Ono album)">Fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Approximately_Infinite_Universe" title="Approximately Infinite Universe">Approximately Infinite Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeling_the_Space" title="Feeling the Space">Feeling the Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Season_of_Glass_(album)" title="Season of Glass (album)">Season of Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Alright_(I_See_Rainbows)" title="It's Alright (I See Rainbows)">It's Alright (I See Rainbows)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starpeace" title="Starpeace">Starpeace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rising_(Yoko_Ono_album)" title="Rising (Yoko Ono album)">Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Story" title="A Story">A Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blueprint_for_a_Sunrise" title="Blueprint for a Sunrise">Blueprint for a Sunrise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Between_My_Head_and_the_Sky" title="Between My Head and the Sky">Between My Head and the Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokokimthurston" title="Yokokimthurston">Yokokimthurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_to_the_Land_of_Hell" title="Take Me to the Land of Hell">Take Me to the Land of Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warzone_(Yoko_Ono_album)" title="Warzone (Yoko Ono album)">Warzone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">with Lennon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._1:_Two_Virgins" title="Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins">Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Music_No._2:_Life_with_the_Lions" title="Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions">Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_Album" title="Wedding Album">Wedding Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Some Time in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Fantasy" title="Double Fantasy">Double Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_and_Honey_(album)" title="Milk and Honey (album)">Milk and Honey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Live albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Live_Peace_in_Toronto_1969" title="Live Peace in Toronto 1969">Live Peace in Toronto 1969</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="Plastic Ono Band">The Plastic Ono Band</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Live Jam</a> (with Plastic Ono Band/<a href="/wiki/The_Mothers_of_Invention" title="The Mothers of Invention">The Mothers of Invention</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compilations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Onobox" title="Onobox">Onobox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_on_Thin_Ice_(album)" title="Walking on Thin Ice (album)">Walking on Thin Ice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Remix albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yes,_I%27m_a_Witch" title="Yes, I'm a Witch">Yes, I'm a Witch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Your_Box_(album)" title="Open Your Box (album)">Open Your Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yes,_I%27m_a_Witch_Too" title="Yes, I'm a Witch Too">Yes, I'm a Witch Too</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Every_Man_Has_a_Woman" title="Every Man Has a Woman">Every Man Has a Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Rock" title="New York Rock">New York Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Stop_Me!" title="Don't Stop Me!">Don't Stop Me! EP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Remember_Love_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Remember Love (Yoko Ono song)">Remember Love</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Worry_Kyoko_(Mummy%27s_Only_Looking_for_Her_Hand_in_the_Snow)" title="Don't Worry Kyoko (Mummy's Only Looking for Her Hand in the Snow)">Don't Worry Kyoko (Mummy's Only Looking for a Hand in the Snow)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Who_Has_Seen_the_Wind%3F_(song)" title="Who Has Seen the Wind? (song)">Who Has Seen the Wind?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Why_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Why (Yoko Ono song)">Why</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Open_Your_Box" title="Open Your Box">Open Your Box</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Touch_Me_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Touch Me (Yoko Ono song)">Touch Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mrs._Lennon" title="Mrs. Lennon">Mrs. Lennon</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Midsummer_New_York" title="Midsummer New York">Midsummer New York</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Listen,_the_Snow_Is_Falling" title="Listen, the Snow Is Falling">Listen, the Snow Is Falling</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sisters,_O_Sisters" title="Sisters, O Sisters">Sisters, O Sisters</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Now_or_Never_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Now or Never (Yoko Ono song)">Now or Never</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Move_on_Fast" title="Move on Fast">Move on Fast</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Death_of_Samantha_(song)" title="Death of Samantha (song)">Death of Samantha</a>" / "<a href="/wiki/Yang_Yang_(song)" title="Yang Yang (song)">Yang Yang</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Woman_Power_(song)" title="Woman Power (song)">Woman Power</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Kiss_Kiss_Kiss_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Kiss Kiss Kiss (Yoko Ono song)">Kiss Kiss Kiss</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Boys" title="Beautiful Boys">Beautiful Boys</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Walking_on_Thin_Ice" title="Walking on Thin Ice">Walking on Thin Ice</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Yes,_I%27m_Your_Angel" title="Yes, I'm Your Angel">Yes, I'm Your Angel</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/No,_No,_No_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="No, No, No (Yoko Ono song)">No, No, No</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/My_Man_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="My Man (Yoko Ono song)">My Man</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Never_Say_Goodbye_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Never Say Goodbye (Yoko Ono song)">Never Say Goodbye</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hell_in_Paradise" title="Hell in Paradise">Hell in Paradise</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Open_Your_Box" title="Open Your Box">Open Your Box (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Kiss_Kiss_Kiss_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Kiss Kiss Kiss (Yoko Ono song)">Kiss Kiss Kiss (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Yang_Yang_(song)" title="Yang Yang (song)">Yang Yang (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Walking_on_Thin_Ice" title="Walking on Thin Ice">Walking on Thin Ice (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hell_in_Paradise" title="Hell in Paradise">Hell in Paradise (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Every_Man_Has_a_Woman_Who_Loves_Him#Yoko_Ono_version" title="Every Man Has a Woman Who Loves Him">Everyman... Everywoman... (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/You%27re_the_One_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="You're the One (Yoko Ono song)">You're the One (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/No,_No,_No_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="No, No, No (Yoko Ono song)">No, No, No (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance#Yoko_Ono_edition" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Not_Getting_Enough" title="I'm Not Getting Enough">I'm Not Getting Enough (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Give_Me_Something_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Give Me Something (Yoko Ono song)">Give Me Something (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Wouldnit_(I%27m_a_Star)" title="Wouldnit (I'm a Star)">Wouldnit (I'm a Star) (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Move_on_Fast" title="Move on Fast">Move on Fast (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Talking_to_the_Universe" title="Talking to the Universe">Talking to the Universe (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/She_Gets_Down_on_Her_Knees" title="She Gets Down on Her Knees">She Gets Down on Her Knees (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Moving_On_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="I'm Moving On (Yoko Ono song)">I'm Moving On (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hold_Me_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Hold Me (Yoko Ono song)">Hold Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Walking_on_Thin_Ice" title="Walking on Thin Ice">Walking on Thin Ice (remixes)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Angel_(Yoko_Ono_song)" title="Angel (Yoko Ono song)">Angel</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Woman_Power_(song)" title="Woman Power (song)">Woman Power (remixes)</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit_(book)" title="Grapefruit (book)">Grapefruit</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acorn_(book)" title="Acorn (book)">Acorn</a> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(1969_film)" title="Self-Portrait (1969 film)">Self-Portrait</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis_(film)" title="Apotheosis (film)">Apotheosis</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_(1970_film)" title="Fly (1970 film)">Fly</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_(Yoko_Ono_film)" title="Freedom (Yoko Ono film)">Freedom</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Up_Your_Legs_Forever" title="Up Your Legs Forever">Up Your Legs Forever</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(1972_film)" title="Imagine (1972 film)">Imagine</a> (1972)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voice_Piece_for_Soprano" title="Voice Piece for Soprano">Voice Piece for Soprano</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut_Piece" class="mw-redirect" title="Cut Piece">Cut Piece</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_(artwork)" title="Apple (artwork)">Apple</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceiling_Painting/Yes_Painting" title="Ceiling Painting/Yes Painting">Ceiling Painting/Yes Painting</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half-A-Room" title="Half-A-Room">Half-A-Room</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wish_Tree_(Yoko_Ono_art_series)" title="Wish Tree (Yoko Ono art series)">Wish Tree</a> (c.1981; ongoing) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wish_Tree_for_Washington,_DC" title="Wish Tree for Washington, DC">Wish Tree for Washington, DC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshi_Ichiyanagi" title="Toshi Ichiyanagi">Toshi Ichiyanagi</a> (first husband)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Cox_(producer)" title="Anthony Cox (producer)">Anthony Cox</a> (second husband)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> (third husband)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Lennon</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasuda_Zenjir%C5%8D" title="Yasuda Zenjirō">Yasuda Zenjirō</a> (great-grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Rock_and_Roll_Revival" title="Toronto Rock and Roll Revival">Toronto Rock and Roll Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Toronto" title="Sweet Toronto">Sweet Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_and_Yoko:_A_Love_Story" title="John and Yoko: A Love Story">John and Yoko: A Love Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_%26_Yoko:_Above_Us_Only_Sky" title="John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky">John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagism" title="Bagism">Bagism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed-in" title="Bed-in">Bed-in</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imagine (John Lennon song)">Imagine</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutopia" title="Nutopia">Nutopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artists_Against_Fracking" title="Artists Against Fracking">Artists Against Fracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LennonOno_Grant_for_Peace" title="LennonOno Grant for Peace">LennonOno Grant for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones_Rock_and_Roll_Circus_(album)" title="The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus (album)">The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">Murder of John Lennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_Peace_Tower" title="Imagine Peace Tower">Imagine Peace Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courage_Award_for_the_Arts" title="Courage Award for the Arts">Courage Award for the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dakota" title="The Dakota">The Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tittenhurst_Park" title="Tittenhurst Park">Tittenhurst Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Yoko_Ono" title="Category:Yoko Ono">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256394678" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-solo" aria-labelledby="Julian_Lennon53" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Julian_Lennon" title="Template:Julian Lennon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Julian_Lennon" title="Template talk:Julian Lennon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Julian_Lennon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Julian Lennon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Julian_Lennon53" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon" title="Julian Lennon">Julian Lennon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studio albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valotte" title="Valotte">Valotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Value_of_Daydreaming" title="The Secret Value of Daydreaming">The Secret Value of Daydreaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Jordan" title="Mr. Jordan">Mr. Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help_Yourself_(Julian_Lennon_album)" title="Help Yourself (Julian Lennon album)">Help Yourself</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photograph_Smile" title="Photograph Smile">Photograph Smile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_Changes_(Julian_Lennon_album)" title="Everything Changes (Julian Lennon album)">Everything Changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude_(album)" title="Jude (album)">Jude</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Too_Late_for_Goodbyes" title="Too Late for Goodbyes">Too Late for Goodbyes</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Valotte_(song)" title="Valotte (song)">Valotte</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Because_(The_Dave_Clark_Five_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Because (The Dave Clark Five song)">Because</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stick_Around_(song)" title="Stick Around (song)">Stick Around</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Saltwater_(Julian_Lennon_song)" title="Saltwater (Julian Lennon song)">Saltwater</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lucy_(Julian_Lennon_and_James_Scott_Cook_song)" title="Lucy (Julian Lennon and James Scott Cook song)">Lucy</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Someday_(Julian_Lennon_song)" title="Someday (Julian Lennon song)">Someday</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Time_(Dave_Clark_album)" title="Time (Dave Clark album)">Dave Clark's "Time"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hunting_of_the_Snark_(musical)" title="The Hunting of the Snark (musical)">Mike Batt's The Hunting of the Snark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Holland%27s_Opus#Soundtrack_releases" title="Mr. Holland's Opus">Mr. Holland's Opus – Soundtrack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lennon" title="Cynthia Lennon">Cynthia Lennon</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Lennon</a> (half-brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Ramone" title="Phil Ramone">Phil Ramone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Spiro" title="Mark Spiro">Mark Spiro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon_discography" title="Julian Lennon discography">Discography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1256394678" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox navbox-musical-artist navbox-musical-artist-solo" aria-labelledby="Sean_Lennon49" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sean_Lennon" title="Template:Sean Lennon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sean_Lennon" title="Template talk:Sean Lennon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sean_Lennon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sean Lennon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sean_Lennon49" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Lennon" title="Sean Lennon">Sean Lennon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studio albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Sun_(Sean_Lennon_album)" title="Into the Sun (Sean Lennon album)">Into the Sun</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendly_Fire_(Sean_Lennon_album)" title="Friendly Fire (Sean Lennon album)">Friendly Fire</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extended plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half_Horse,_Half_Musician" title="Half Horse, Half Musician">Half Horse, Half Musician</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Ghost_of_a_Saber_Tooth_Tiger" title="The Ghost of a Saber Tooth Tiger">The Ghost of a Saber Tooth Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cibo_Matto" title="Cibo Matto">Cibo Matto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemp_Muhl" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemp Muhl">Charlotte Kemp Muhl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dopo_Yume" title="Dopo Yume">Dopo Yume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Claypool_Lennon_Delirium" title="The Claypool Lennon Delirium">The Claypool Lennon Delirium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monolith_of_Phobos" title="Monolith of Phobos">Monolith of Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_of_Reality" title="South of Reality">South of Reality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Lennon</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Lennon" title="Julian Lennon">Julian Lennon</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata5491" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata5491" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121174585">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/196844">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/50286/">FAST</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/134898/">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgmTtbXXxhxfmY9J746rq">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118571575">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80017868">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13896546z">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13896546z">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00447356">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/LO1V023155">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35300092">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990004993&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.rsl.ru/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&adjacent=Y&local_base=RSL11&request=000161193&CON_LNG=ENG">Russia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX841545">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.bibnat.ro:8991/F/?func=direct&local_base=NLR10&doc_number=000127181">Romania</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/37987">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068811764">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90060592">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleweb.ncl.edu.tw/F/?func=accref&acc_sequence=000702871&CON_LNG=ENG">Taiwan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000051617&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000100786&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000108486">Chile</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=63735">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000039502">Argentina</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201724996">Korea</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/nl0366l64q591f2">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810616543105606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007264297205171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000199547">Finland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058512910106706">Catalonia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14317430">Belgium</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02421702?l=en">CiNii</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA18294397?l=en">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-5866">ORCID</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57213805210">Scopus</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500106615">ULAN</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/4d5447d7-c61c-4120-ba1b-d7f471d385b9">MusicBrainz</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/49374">RKD Artists</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/3484">Museum of Modern Art</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/john-lennon/3905">Grammy Awards</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/agent/gnd_118571575">FID</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/903103">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118571575.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.synchronkartei.de/person/cp--yFOBZ">Deutsche Synchronkartei</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118571575">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026983230">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/62575839">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6kp872t">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/40501">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/396682">RISM</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Lennon&oldid=1283596921">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Lennon&oldid=1283596921</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:John_Lennon" title="Category:John Lennon">John Lennon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1940_births" title="Category:1940 births">1940 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1980_deaths" title="Category:1980 deaths">1980 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1980_murders_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1980 murders in the United States">1980 murders in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_guitarists" title="Category:20th-century English guitarists">20th-century English guitarists</a></li><li><a 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1,\n [\"CITEREFBBC_News2010a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBabiuk2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBadman2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBadman2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBennahum1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlaney2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrandle2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBright2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrit_Awards1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrooks2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrowne2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBuchanan2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCNN.com2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCalkin2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCherry2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristgau\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClark2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCleave2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCohn2010–2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColeman1984a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColeman1984b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColeman1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeMain\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeming2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoggett2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoggett2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdmondson2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEmerickMassey2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvans2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEverett1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEverett2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFawcett1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFortnam2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrankel2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrench2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFriedman2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGerson1971\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGinell2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGleiberman2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlenn2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldman2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoodman1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGould2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreenberg2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGregory2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarry2000a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarry2000b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarry2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeichelbech2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHodenfield1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHolsinger1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoppa2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHunt2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIngham2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJackson2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKenny2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKruse2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLandau1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLavezzoli2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLawrence2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLawrence2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLennon\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFLennon1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLennon2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLennon2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLevitz2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewisohn1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewisohn2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewisohn2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLogan1967\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLoker2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLondon_Gazette1965\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacDonald2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacDonald2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMadingerRaile2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcGinty2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiles1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiles2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeil2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewman2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNorman1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNorman2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOdriozola2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPang2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeebles1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerone2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPetridis2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrown_and_Newquist2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRIAA2010a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRIAA2010b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRichmond1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRiley2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoberts2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRodriguez2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRodriguez2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRolling_Stone2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRolling_Stone2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRyan1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchaffner1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchechter1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchinderSchwartz2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSeaman1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSheff2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShennan2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSongwriters_Hall_of_Fame2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpitz2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpizer2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTelegraphKlein2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Associated_Press2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Beatles2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Editors_of_Rolling_Stone2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThiel2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTillery2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTime1967\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTimes_Online2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUrishBielen2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVigilla2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWarner_Brothers1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWenner2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhite\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWiener1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWiener1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWiener1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWiener2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFgrammy.com\"] = 1,\n [\"Lost_weekend\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"'\"] = 1,\n [\"'\\\"\"] = 6,\n [\"1988 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame\"] = 1,\n [\"1994 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame\"] = 1,\n [\"Academy Award Best Original Score\"] = 1,\n [\"AllMusic\"] = 2,\n [\"Anchor\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Block quote\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 3,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 75,\n [\"Cite court\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 16,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 39,\n [\"Cite video\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 54,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Lennon, John\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Featured article\"] = 1,\n [\"Frac\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 5,\n [\"Grammy Award for Album of the Year\"] = 1,\n [\"Grammy Award for Best Music Film\"] = 1,\n [\"Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media\"] = 1,\n [\"Grammy Award for Song of the Year\"] = 1,\n [\"Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award\"] = 1,\n [\"HWOF\"] = 1,\n [\"Hlist\"] = 6,\n [\"IMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 8,\n [\"Infobox musical artist\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox person\"] = 1,\n [\"John Lennon\"] = 1,\n [\"John Lennon family\"] = 1,\n [\"John Lennon singles\"] = 1,\n [\"Julian Lennon\"] = 1,\n [\"Linktext\"] = 1,\n [\"Listen\"] = 2,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Main article\"] = 1,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 2,\n [\"NA\"] = 4,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 27,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 2,\n [\"Plastic Ono Band\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-move\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-semi-indef\"] = 1,\n [\"Quote box\"] = 2,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirects here\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 2,\n [\"Refn\"] = 10,\n [\"Rockhall\"] = 1,\n [\"Sean Lennon\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 3,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 304,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Snds\"] = 1,\n [\"Sort\"] = 1,\n [\"Subject bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Tcmdb name\"] = 1,\n [\"The Beatles\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"Use British English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 4,\n [\"Yoko Ono\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","360","17.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","280","13.2"],["?","240","11.3"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","240","11.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","140","6.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","80","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","80","3.8"],["type","80","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","60","2.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","2.8"],["[others]","500","23.6"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-84559f4bd5-85w6d","timestamp":"20250402135447","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"John 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