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class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Suffrage movement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suffrage_movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Juno Frankie Pierce</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Photo_of_Juno_Frankie_Pierce.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b9/Photo_of_Juno_Frankie_Pierce.jpg/220px-Photo_of_Juno_Frankie_Pierce.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b9/Photo_of_Juno_Frankie_Pierce.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Juno Frankie Seay</div><br />c. 1864<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart bday">1864</span>)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>, US</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1954 (aged 89–90)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Educator, suffragist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Clement J. Pierce</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Juno Frankie Seay Pierce</b>, also known as <b>Frankie Pierce</b> or <b>J. Frankie Pierce</b> (c. 1864 – 1954),<sup id="cite_ref-TN_Woman_Suffrage_Heritage_Trail_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TN_Woman_Suffrage_Heritage_Trail-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an American educator and <a href="/wiki/Suffrage" title="Suffrage">suffragist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tennessean1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tennessean1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pierce opened the Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls in 1923, and she served as its superintendent until 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-tennessean1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tennessean1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018340_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018340-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school continued to operate until 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-tennessean1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tennessean1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The daughter of a <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">slave</a>, Pierce addressed white women at the inaugural convention of the Tennessee League of Women Voters, held in the Tennessee Capitol in May 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born Juno Frankie Seay in <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>, about 1864,<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> her father was Frank Seay, a freedman, and her mother, Nellie Seay, was a house slave to Colonel <a href="/wiki/Robert_Allen_(Tennessee_politician)" title="Robert Allen (Tennessee politician)">Robert Allen</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from Smith County.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frankie Pierce attended John G. McKee Freedmen's School, established as a Presbyterian mission<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and located in Nashville.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She continued her education at Roger Williams University in Nashville.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>She taught at Bellview School, a public school for black children.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tennessee_Vocational_School_for_Colored_Girls">Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Nashville, black women organized church-related and secular clubs in order to pursue their social-justice goals, such as better schools, childcare, and settlement houses.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frankie Pierce was a founder of the Negro Women's Reconstruction League, which she served as president.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was a founder of the Nashville Federation of Colored Women's Clubs and also served on the first Management Committee of the Blue Triangle League of the YWCA.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>   </p><p>Members of these clubs led by Frankie Pierce marched to the mayor's office to demand public restrooms for black women in downtown Nashville. As a result, Montgomery Ward installed restrooms for black women in its store.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of Frankie Pierce's goals was to establish a state-supported vocational school for delinquent black children. Because black children could not attend white schools, the only alternative was to take them to prison.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pierce worked with the clubs to lobby for the legislation to establish the school,<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> helped by <a href="/wiki/Fisk_University" title="Fisk University">Fisk University</a>'s registrar <a href="/wiki/Minnie_Lou_Crosthwaite" title="Minnie Lou Crosthwaite">Minnie Lou Crosthwaite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-smith_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smith-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920, giving women the right to vote throughout the nation, the Tennessee General Assembly passed a bill creating the Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls on April 7, 1921.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The school opened at 2700 Heiman Street in Nashville on October 8, 1923.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school provided academic and vocational training to girls aged 12–15, through the ninth grade.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frankie Pierce served as its superintendent, a position she held until 1939. She implemented a program of personal development that emphasized health, recreation, physical needs, moral training, and religion.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school served 35 students from across Tennessee in its opening years but grew after that.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The school was supported by the City Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, for which Pierce served as an organizer.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dr. <a href="/wiki/Mattie_E._Coleman" title="Mattie E. Coleman">Mattie E. Coleman</a> followed Pierce as superintendent and served until her death in 1942. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suffrage_movement">Suffrage movement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Suffrage movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Frankie Pierce and <a href="/wiki/Mattie_E._Coleman" title="Mattie E. Coleman">Mattie E. Coleman</a>, an African-American physician and leading feminist in the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, were among Tennessee's most active black suffragists.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They helped to get 2,500 black women to vote in the 1919 Nashville municipal elections, the city's first election in which black women were eligible to vote.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1919, as people in Tennessee worked for or against becoming the 36th state to ratify the <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Nineteenth Amendment</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">United States Constitution</a>, giving women the right to vote, the suffrage movement was mostly segregated, especially in the Jim Crow South.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998220–222_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998220–222-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018209_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018209-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But the black women's clubs worked with white women's clubs on various social issues, and these connections fostered an alliance in Nashville on suffrage. The black women's clubs had worked with the white suffrage organizations to get out the vote in the 1919 municipal elections.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Catherine Kenny, Chair of the Tennessee Equal Suffrage League, was impressed with Frankie Pierce's organizational skills and invited her to address the first convention of the Tennessee League of Women Voters, held in the Tennessee Capitol in May 1920.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018243_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018243-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This address of a black woman to several hundred white women in the Tennessee Capitol is called by Elaine Weiss "a taboo-breaking experiment in political cooperation".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In her address, Frankie Pierce asked, "What will the Negro woman do with the vote?...Yes, we will stand by the white women. We are optimistic because we have faith in the best white women of the country, of Nashville. We are going to make you proud of us, because we are going to help you help us and yourselves." She continued, "We are interested in the same moral uplift of the community in which we live as you are... We are asking only one thing—a square deal."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The platform she offered these white women was a state vocational school, a child welfare department of the state, and more room in state schools.”<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018188_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018188-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The League adopted the school as part of its legislative agenda and lobbied extensively for it.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anita Goodstein calls the black women’s offer of cooperation with white suffragists in return for specific benefits a “rare alliance” and observes that it happened only in Nashville.  She credits Frankie Pierce, Mattie E. Coleman, and Catherine Kenny for their boldness.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998246_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998246-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>She married Clement J. Pierce and moved with him to Paris, Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his death, she returned to Nashville to live with her mother, Nellie Seay.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With her mother, she was active in the First Colored Baptist Church, Capitol Hill.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pierce's niece, <a href="/wiki/Nellie_Griswold_Francis" title="Nellie Griswold Francis">Nellie Griswold Francis</a>, was also a prominent suffragist, as well as an anti-lynching and civil rights activist.<sup id="cite_ref-Tennessean_1962_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tennessean_1962-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Frankie J. Pierce lecture series was organized by Tennessee women including State Senator <a href="/wiki/Thelma_Harper_(politician)" title="Thelma Harper (politician)">Thelma Harper</a> and Representative Lettie Galloway to celebrate African-American women's history.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 26, 2016, as part of <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Equality_Day" title="Women's Equality Day">Women's Equality Day</a>, a monument by <a href="/wiki/Alan_LeQuire" title="Alan LeQuire">Alan LeQuire</a> was unveiled in <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_(Nashville)" title="Centennial Park (Nashville)">Centennial Park in Nashville</a>, featuring depictions of Pierce, <a href="/wiki/Carrie_Chapman_Catt" title="Carrie Chapman Catt">Carrie Chapman Catt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anne_Dallas_Dudley" title="Anne Dallas Dudley">Anne Dallas Dudley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abby_Crawford_Milton" title="Abby Crawford Milton">Abby Crawford Milton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sue_Shelton_White" title="Sue Shelton White">Sue Shelton White</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018336_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018336-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_suffragists_and_suffragettes" title="List of suffragists and suffragettes">List of suffragists and suffragettes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TN_Woman_Suffrage_Heritage_Trail-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TN_Woman_Suffrage_Heritage_Trail_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tnwomansuffrageheritagetrail.com/resources/">"Additional Resources"</a>. <i>TN Woman Suffrage Heritage Trail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TN+Woman+Suffrage+Heritage+Trail&rft.atitle=Additional+Resources&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftnwomansuffrageheritagetrail.com%2Fresources%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The African-American history of Nashville, Tennessee, 1780-1930: elites and dilemmas</i>, by Bobby L. Lovett, University of Arkansas Press, 1999, page 232</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SvXN7iyQi-sC&pg=PA174"><i>Tennessee Through Time, The Later Years</i></a>. Gibbs Smith. 1 August 2007. pp. 174–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58685-806-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58685-806-3"><bdi>978-1-58685-806-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tennessee+Through+Time%2C+The+Later+Years&rft.pages=174-&rft.pub=Gibbs+Smith&rft.date=2007-08-01&rft.isbn=978-1-58685-806-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSvXN7iyQi-sC%26pg%3DPA174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tennessean1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tennessean1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tennessean1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tennessean1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.tennessean.com/article/20140214/NEWS01/302140099/Black-History-Month-J-Frankie-Pierce-founded-school-girls">"Black History Month: J. Frankie Pierce founded school for girls | The Tennessean | tennessean.com"</a>. Archive.tennessean.com. 14 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Black+History+Month%3A+J.+Frankie+Pierce+founded+school+for+girls+%26%23124%3B+The+Tennessean+%26%23124%3B+tennessean.com&rft.pub=Archive.tennessean.com&rft.date=2014-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.tennessean.com%2Farticle%2F20140214%2FNEWS01%2F302140099%2FBlack-History-Month-J-Frankie-Pierce-founded-school-girls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2017">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ww2.tnstate.edu/library/digital/pierce.htm">"Frankie Pierce & the Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls"</a>. Ww2.tnstate.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frankie+Pierce+%26+the+Tennessee+Vocational+School+for+Colored+Girls&rft.pub=Ww2.tnstate.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww2.tnstate.edu%2Flibrary%2Fdigital%2Fpierce.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller-Perry1995" class="citation news cs1">Miller-Perry, Rosetta (22 August 1995). "TAKING ON NEW HORIZONS: Don't overlook the role of black women in suffrage movement". <i>The Tennessee Tribune</i>. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tennessee+Tribune&rft.atitle=TAKING+ON+NEW+HORIZONS%3A+Don%27t+overlook+the+role+of+black+women+in+suffrage+movement&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1995-08-22&rft.aulast=Miller-Perry&rft.aufirst=Rosetta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoodstein1998">Goodstein 1998</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Sands of time: J. Frankie Pierce and the Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls (1923-1979)". <i>The Tennessee Tribune</i>. 24 February 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tennessee+Tribune&rft.atitle=Sands+of+time%3A+J.+Frankie+Pierce+and+the+Tennessee+Vocational+School+for+Colored+Girls+%281923-1979%29&rft.date=1999-02-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018340-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018340_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeiss2018">Weiss 2018</a>, p. 340.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187–188_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeiss2018">Weiss 2018</a>, pp. 187–188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYellinSherman2016" class="citation book cs1">Yellin, Carol Lynn; Sherman, Janann (2016). <i>The Perfect 36 : Tennessee Delivers Woman Suffrage</i> (Second ed.). Memphis, Tennessee: Vote 70 Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780974245652" title="Special:BookSources/9780974245652"><bdi>9780974245652</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1002855678">1002855678</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Perfect+36+%3A+Tennessee+Delivers+Woman+Suffrage&rft.place=Memphis%2C+Tennessee&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Vote+70+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1002855678&rft.isbn=9780974245652&rft.aulast=Yellin&rft.aufirst=Carol+Lynn&rft.au=Sherman%2C+Janann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBucy" class="citation web cs1">Bucy, Carole Stanford. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/juno-frankie-pierce/">"Juno Frankie Pierce"</a>. <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Juno+Frankie+Pierce&rft.aulast=Bucy&rft.aufirst=Carole+Stanford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftennesseeencyclopedia.net%2Fentries%2Fjuno-frankie-pierce%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smith-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-smith_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1992" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Jessie Carney (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ssMBzqrUpjwC&pg=PA156"><i>Notable Black American Women</i></a>. Black American Women. Vol. 2. VNR AG. pp. 156–158. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810391772" title="Special:BookSources/9780810391772"><bdi>9780810391772</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+Black+American+Women&rft.series=Black+American+Women&rft.pages=156-158&rft.pub=VNR+AG&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780810391772&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Jessie+Carney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DssMBzqrUpjwC%26pg%3DPA156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFancher2018" class="citation web cs1">Fancher, Evelyn P. (1 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/tennessee-vocational-school-for-colored-girls/">"Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls"</a>. <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Tennessee+Vocational+School+for+Colored+Girls&rft.date=2018-03-01&rft.aulast=Fancher&rft.aufirst=Evelyn+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftennesseeencyclopedia.net%2Fentries%2Ftennessee-vocational-school-for-colored-girls%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1996" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Jessie Carney, ed. (1996). <i>Notable Black American Women, Book II</i>. New York: Gale Research. p. 127.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+Black+American+Women%2C+Book+II&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=Gale+Research&rft.date=1996&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998220–222-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998220–222_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoodstein1998">Goodstein 1998</a>, pp. 220–222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018209-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018209_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeiss2018">Weiss 2018</a>, p. 209.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWagner2019" class="citation book cs1">Wagner, Sally Roesch (2019). <i>The Women's Suffrage Movement</i>. Penguin. pp. xxxi-xxx11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780143132431" title="Special:BookSources/9780143132431"><bdi>9780143132431</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Women%27s+Suffrage+Movement&rft.pages=xxxi-xxx11&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780143132431&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=Sally+Roesch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018243-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018243_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeiss2018">Weiss 2018</a>, pp. 243.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018187_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeiss2018">Weiss 2018</a>, p. 187.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018188-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018188_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeiss2018">Weiss 2018</a>, p. 188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newschannel5.com/news/womens-suffrage-monument-unveiled">"Women's Suffrage Monument Unveiled - Story"</a>. Newschannel5.com. 26 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Women%27s+Suffrage+Monument+Unveiled+-+Story&rft.pub=Newschannel5.com&rft.date=2016-08-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newschannel5.com%2Fnews%2Fwomens-suffrage-monument-unveiled&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This ref was deleted Special:Diff/909951921 by a bug in VisualEditor and later restored by a bot from the original cite located at Special:Permalink/909951356 cite #18 - verify the cite is accurate and delete this template. User:GreenC bot/Job 18 (September 2019)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998246-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoodstein1998246_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoodstein1998">Goodstein 1998</a>, p. 246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tennessean_1962-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tennessean_1962_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/112930219/">"Mrs. Francis paid tribute by Council"</a>. <i>The Tennessean</i>. 28 November 1962<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tennessean&rft.atitle=Mrs.+Francis+paid+tribute+by+Council&rft.date=1962-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F112930219%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newschannel5.com/news/womens-suffrage-monument-unveiled">"Women's Suffrage Monument Unveiled - Story"</a>. Newschannel5.com. 26 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Women%27s+Suffrage+Monument+Unveiled+-+Story&rft.pub=Newschannel5.com&rft.date=2016-08-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newschannel5.com%2Fnews%2Fwomens-suffrage-monument-unveiled&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nashvillepublicradio.org/post/nashvilles-newest-monument-celebrates-states-role-womens-winning-right-vote">"Nashville's Newest Monument Celebrates State's Role In Women's Winning The Right To Vote"</a>. Nashville Public Radio. 25 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nashville%27s+Newest+Monument+Celebrates+State%27s+Role+In+Women%27s+Winning+The+Right+To+Vote&rft.pub=Nashville+Public+Radio&rft.date=2016-08-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnashvillepublicradio.org%2Fpost%2Fnashvilles-newest-monument-celebrates-states-role-womens-winning-right-vote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018336-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeiss2018336_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeiss2018">Weiss 2018</a>, p. 336.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBucy" class="citation web cs1">Bucy, Carole Stanford. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net">"Juno Frankie Pierce"</a>. <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Juno+Frankie+Pierce&rft.aulast=Bucy&rft.aufirst=Carole+Stanford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftennesseeencyclopedia.net&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFancher" class="citation web cs1">Fancher, Evelyn P. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net">"Tennessee Vocational School for Colored Girls"</a>. <i>Tennessee Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tennessee+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Tennessee+Vocational+School+for+Colored+Girls&rft.aulast=Fancher&rft.aufirst=Evelyn+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftennesseeencyclopedia.net&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodstein1998" class="citation journal cs1">Goodstein, Anita Shafer (May 1998). "A Rare Alliance: African American and White Women in the Tennessee Elections of 1919 and 1920". <i>The Journal of Southern History</i>. <b>64</b> (2): 219–246. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2587945">10.2307/2587945</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2587945">2587945</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Southern+History&rft.atitle=A+Rare+Alliance%3A+African+American+and+White+Women+in+the+Tennessee+Elections+of+1919+and+1920&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=219-246&rft.date=1998-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2587945&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2587945%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Goodstein&rft.aufirst=Anita+Shafer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiss2018" class="citation book cs1">Weiss, Elaine (2018). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Woman%27s_Hour:_The_Great_Fight_to_Win_the_Vote" class="mw-redirect" title="The Woman's Hour: The Great Fight to Win the Vote">The Woman's Hour: The Great Fight to Win the Vote</a></i>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780698407831" title="Special:BookSources/9780698407831"><bdi>9780698407831</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Woman%27s+Hour%3A+The+Great+Fight+to+Win+the+Vote&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780698407831&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYellin2016" class="citation book cs1">Yellin, Carol Lynn; Sherman, Janann (2016). <i>The Perfect 36: Tennessee Delivers Woman Suffrage</i> (Second ed.). Memphis, TN: Vote 70 Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780974245652" title="Special:BookSources/9780974245652"><bdi>9780974245652</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Perfect+36%3A+Tennessee+Delivers+Woman+Suffrage&rft.place=Memphis%2C+TN&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Vote+70+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9780974245652&rft.aulast=Yellin&rft.aufirst=Carol+Lynn%3B+Sherman%2C+Janann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJuno+Frankie+Pierce" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juno_Frankie_Pierce&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/172449485">Juno Frankie Pierce</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a> </p><p><br /> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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