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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Programming Languages">History of Programming Languages</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. scientific conference</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a conference. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/History_of_programming_languages" title="History of programming languages">History of programming languages</a>.</div> <p><b>History of Programming Languages</b> (<b>HOPL</b>) is an infrequent <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">ACM</a> <a href="/wiki/SIGPLAN" title="SIGPLAN">SIGPLAN</a> conference. It has been held in 1978, 1993, 2007, and 2021. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="HOPL_I">HOPL I</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: HOPL I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>HOPL I was held June 1–3, 1978 in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jean_E._Sammet" title="Jean E. Sammet">Jean E. Sammet</a> was both the general and program committee chair. <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_A._N._Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John A. N. Lee (page does not exist)">John A. N. Lee</a> was the administrative chair. <a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Wexelblat" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard L. Wexelblat">Richard L. Wexelblat</a> was the proceedings chair. <a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper" title="Grace Hopper">Grace Hopper</a> gave the keynote speech.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBairstow201076_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBairstow201076-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From Sammet's introduction: The HOPL Conference "is intended to consider the technical factors which influenced the development of certain selected programming languages." The languages and presentations in the first HOPL were by invitation of the program committee. The invited languages must have been created and in use by 1967. They also must have remained in use in 1977. Finally, they must have had considerable influence on the field of computing. </p><p>The papers and presentations went through extensive review by the program committee (and revisions by the authors), far beyond the norm for conferences and commensurate with some of the best journals in the field.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Preprints of the proceedings were published in <i>SIGPLAN Notices</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final proceedings, including transcripts of question and answer sessions, was published as a book titled <i>History of Programming Languages</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="HOPL_II">HOPL II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: HOPL II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>HOPL II was held April 20–23, 1993 in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_A._N._Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John A. N. Lee (page does not exist)">John A. N. Lee</a> was the conference chair and Sammet again was the program chair. In contrast to HOPL I, HOPL II included both invited papers and papers submitted in response to an open call. The scope also expanded. Where HOPL I had only papers on the early history of languages, HOPL II solicited contributions on: </p> <ul><li>early history of specific languages</li> <li>evolution of a language</li> <li>history of language features and concepts</li> <li>classes of languages for application-oriented languages and paradigm-oriented languages</li></ul> <p>The submitted and invited languages must have been documented by 1982. They also must have been in use or taught by 1985. </p><p>As in HOPL I, there was a rigorous multi-stage review and revision process.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Preprints of the proceedings were published in <i>SIGPLAN Notices</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final proceedings, including copies of the presentations and transcripts of question and answer sessions, was published as the book titled <i>History of Programming Languages II</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="HOPL_III">HOPL III</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: HOPL III"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>HOPL III was held June 9–10, 2007 in <a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Diego, California">San Diego, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Brent_Hailpern" title="Brent Hailpern">Brent Hailpern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barbara_G._Ryder" title="Barbara G. Ryder">Barbara G. Ryder</a> were the conference co-chairs. HOPL III had an open call for participation and asked for papers on either the early history or the evolution of programming languages. The languages must have come into existence before 1996 and been widely used since 1998, either commercially or within a specific domain. Research languages that had a great influence on subsequent languages were also candidates for submission. </p><p>As with HOPL I and HOPL II, the papers were managed with a multiple stage review/revision process. </p><p>The HOPL III languages can be broadly categorized into five classes (or <a href="/wiki/Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">paradigms</a>): <a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">Object-oriented</a> (<a href="/wiki/Modula-2" title="Modula-2">Modula-2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oberon_(programming_language)" title="Oberon (programming language)">Oberon</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>, <a href="/wiki/Self_(programming_language)" title="Self (programming language)">Self</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emerald_(programming_language)" title="Emerald (programming language)">Emerald</a>, <a href="/wiki/BETA_(programming_language)" title="BETA (programming language)">BETA</a>), <a href="/wiki/Functional_programming" title="Functional programming">Functional</a> (<a href="/wiki/Haskell" title="Haskell">Haskell</a>), <a href="/wiki/Scripting_language" title="Scripting language">Scripting</a> (<a href="/wiki/AppleScript" title="AppleScript">AppleScript</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a>), Reactive (<a href="/wiki/Erlang_(programming_language)" title="Erlang (programming language)">Erlang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Statecharts" class="mw-redirect" title="Statecharts">Statecharts</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">Parallel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Z-level_programming_language" title="Z-level programming language">ZPL</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_Performance_Fortran" title="High Performance Fortran">High Performance Fortran</a>). Each HOPL III paper describes the perspective of the creators of the language. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="HOPL_IV">HOPL IV</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: HOPL IV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>HOPL IV was held virtually on June 20–22, 2021 (it was postponed from 2020 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>). The conference co-chairs were <a href="/wiki/Guy_L._Steele_Jr." title="Guy L. Steele Jr.">Guy L. Steele Jr.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_P._Gabriel" title="Richard P. Gabriel">Richard P. Gabriel</a>. The languages covered in this conference had to be widely adopted by 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAliSmith2014116_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAliSmith2014">Ali & Smith 2014</a>, p. 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBairstow201076-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBairstow201076_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBairstow2010">Bairstow 2010</a>, p. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/toc/sigplan/1978/13/8">"Special issue: History of programming languages conference"</a>. <i>ACM SIGPLAN Notices</i>. <b>13</b> (8). August 1978.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACM+SIGPLAN+Notices&rft.atitle=Special+issue%3A+History+of+programming+languages+conference&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=8&rft.date=1978-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdl.acm.org%2Ftoc%2Fsigplan%2F1978%2F13%2F8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+Programming+Languages+%28conference%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWexelblat1981" class="citation book cs1">Wexelblat, Richard L., ed. (1981). <i>History of Programming Languages</i>. ACM Monograph Series. Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780127450407" title="Special:BookSources/9780127450407"><bdi>9780127450407</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Programming+Languages&rft.series=ACM+Monograph+Series&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=9780127450407&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+Programming+Languages+%28conference%29" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/toc/sigplan/1993/28/3">"SIGPLAN Notices"</a>. <i>ACM SIGPLAN Notices</i>. <b>28</b> (3). March 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACM+SIGPLAN+Notices&rft.atitle=SIGPLAN+Notices&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.date=1993-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdl.acm.org%2Ftoc%2Fsigplan%2F1993%2F28%2F3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+Programming+Languages+%28conference%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerginGibson1996" class="citation book cs1">Bergin, Thomas J.; Gibson, Richard G., eds. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.1145/154766"><i>HOPL II: The Second ACM SIGPLAN conference on History of programming languages</i></a>. Addison Wesley. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F234286">10.1145/234286</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-201-89502-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-201-89502-5"><bdi>978-0-201-89502-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=HOPL+II%3A+The+Second+ACM+SIGPLAN+conference+on+History+of+programming+languages&rft.pub=Addison+Wesley&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1145%2F234286&rft.isbn=978-0-201-89502-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdl.acm.org%2Fdoi%2Fproceedings%2F10.1145%2F154766&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+Programming+Languages+%28conference%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hopl4.sigplan.org/">"HOPL IV"</a>. <i>hopl4.sigplan.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hopl4.sigplan.org&rft.atitle=HOPL+IV&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhopl4.sigplan.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+Programming+Languages+%28conference%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAliSmith2014" class="citation journal cs1">Ali, Azad; Smith, David T. (2014). Blakey, Peter (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.28945%2F2088">"A debate over the teaching of a legacy programming language in an information technology (IT) program"</a>. <i>Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice</i>. <b>13</b>: 111–127. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.28945%2F2088">10.28945/2088</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Information+Technology+Education%3A+Innovations+in+Practice&rft.atitle=A+debate+over+the+teaching+of+a+legacy+programming+language+in+an+information+technology+%28IT%29+program.&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=111-127&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.28945%2F2088&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Azad&rft.au=Smith%2C+David+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.28945%252F2088&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+Programming+Languages+%28conference%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBairstow2010" class="citation magazine cs1">Bairstow, Jeffrey (July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.laserfocusworld.com/test-measurement/research/article/16552095/the-sayings-of-rear-admiral-grace-murray-hopper-usn">"The sayings of Rear Admiral Grace Murray Hopper, USN"</a>. <i>Laser Focus World</i>. Vol. 46, no. 7. p. 76. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/614064284">614064284</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Laser+Focus+World&rft.atitle=The+sayings+of+Rear+Admiral+Grace+Murray+Hopper%2C+USN.&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=76&rft.date=2010-07&rft.aulast=Bairstow&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.laserfocusworld.com%2Ftest-measurement%2Fresearch%2Farticle%2F16552095%2Fthe-sayings-of-rear-admiral-grace-murray-hopper-usn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHistory+of+Programming+Languages+%28conference%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Programming_Languages_(conference)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724125042/http://research.ihost.com/hopl/HOPL.html">ACM SIGPLAN Conferences on the History of Programming Languages</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived 2020-07-24). Covers HOPL I to HOPL III.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hopl4.sigplan.org">Official HOPL IV conference website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.umn.edu/40668">History of Programming Languages Conference Records 1972-1993</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Babbage_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Babbage Institute">Charles Babbage Institute</a>, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=1230819.1230841">A history of the history of programming languages</a> by Thomas J. (Tim) Bergin</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Template:Association for Computing Machinery"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Template talk:Association for Computing Machinery"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Association for Computing Machinery"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Association_for_Computing_Machinery" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Association for Computing Machinery</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery#Special_Interest_Groups" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Special Interest Groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SIGACCESS" title="SIGACCESS">SIGACCESS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGACT" title="ACM SIGACT">SIGACT</a></li> <li>SIGAda</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGAI" title="SIGAI">SIGAI</a></li> <li>SIGAPP</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGARCH" title="ACM SIGARCH">SIGARCH</a></li> <li>SIGBED</li> <li>SIGBio</li> <li>SIGCAS</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGCHI" title="SIGCHI">SIGCHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGCOMM" title="SIGCOMM">SIGCOMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGCSE" title="SIGCSE">SIGCSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Interest_Group_on_Design_Automation" title="Special Interest Group on Design Automation">SIGDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGDOC" title="SIGDOC">SIGDOC</a></li> <li>SIGecom</li> <li>SIGEVO</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGGRAPH" title="ACM SIGGRAPH">SIGGRAPH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGHPC" title="ACM SIGHPC">SIGHPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Interest_Group_on_Information_Retrieval" title="Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval">SIGIR</a></li> <li>SIGITE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGKDD" class="mw-redirect" title="SIGKDD">SIGKDD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGLOG" title="ACM SIGLOG">SIGLOG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGMETRICS" title="SIGMETRICS">SIGMETRICS</a></li> <li>SIGMICRO</li> <li>SIGMIS</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGMM" class="mw-redirect" title="SIGMM">SIGMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGMOBILE" title="SIGMOBILE">SIGMOBILE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGMOD" title="SIGMOD">SIGMOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGOPS" title="ACM SIGOPS">SIGOPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGPLAN" title="SIGPLAN">SIGPLAN</a></li> <li>SIGSAC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGSAM" title="SIGSAM">SIGSAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGSIM" class="mw-redirect" title="SIGSIM">SIGSIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGSOFT" title="SIGSOFT">SIGSOFT</a></li> <li>SIGSPATIAL</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGUCCS" title="SIGUCCS">SIGUCCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_SIGWEB" title="ACM SIGWEB">SIGWEB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery#Awards" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Awards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ACM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turing_Award" title="Turing Award">Turing Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Fellow" title="ACM Fellow">ACM Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM-AAAI_Allen_Newell_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="ACM-AAAI Allen Newell Award">ACM-AAAI Allen Newell Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery#Athena_Lectures" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Athena Lecturer Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckert%E2%80%93Mauchly_Award" title="Eckert–Mauchly Award">Eckert–Mauchly Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Eugene_L._Lawler_Award" title="ACM Eugene L. Lawler Award">Eugene L. Lawler Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Doctoral_Dissertation_Award" title="ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award">ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bell_Prize" title="Gordon Bell Prize">Gordon Bell Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Murray_Hopper_Award" title="Grace Murray Hopper Award">Grace Murray Hopper Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Kennedy_Award" title="Ken Kennedy Award">Ken Kennedy Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Kanellakis_Award" title="Paris Kanellakis Award">Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Prize_in_Computing" title="ACM Prize in Computing">ACM Prize in Computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Software_System_Award" title="ACM Software System Award">ACM Software System Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIAM/ACM_Prize_in_Computational_Science_and_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="SIAM/ACM Prize in Computational Science and Engineering">SIAM/ACM Prize in Computational Science and Engineering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SIGs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CHI_Academy" title="CHI Academy">CHI Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6del_Prize" title="Gödel Prize">Gödel Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knuth_Prize" title="Knuth Prize">Knuth Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_A._Coons_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Steven A. Coons Award">Steven A. Coons Award</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery#Publications" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Publications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_ACM" title="Journal of the ACM">Journal of the ACM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_of_the_ACM" title="Communications of the ACM">Communications of the ACM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RISKS_Digest" title="RISKS Digest">RISKS Digest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Digital_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="ACM Digital Library">ACM Digital Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Computing_Surveys" title="ACM Computing Surveys">ACM Computing Surveys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computers_in_Entertainment" title="Computers in Entertainment">Computers in Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Interactions" title="ACM Interactions">ACM Interactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Queue" title="ACM Queue">ACM Queue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XRDS_(magazine)" title="XRDS (magazine)">ACM XRDS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery#Conferences" title="Association for Computing Machinery">Conferences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Multimedia" title="ACM Multimedia">ACM-MM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AAAI/ACM_Conference_on_AI,_Ethics,_and_Society" title="AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society">AIES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Conference_on_Architectural_Support_for_Programming_Languages_and_Operating_Systems" title="International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems">ASPLOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Human_Factors_in_Computing_Systems" title="Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems">CHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Information_and_Knowledge_Management" title="Conference on Information and Knowledge Management">CIKM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Design_Automation_Conference" title="Design Automation Conference">DAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Event-Based_Systems" title="Distributed Event-Based Systems">DEBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Conference_on_Fairness,_Accountability,_and_Transparency" title="ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency">FAccT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Computing_Research_Conference" title="Federated Computing Research Conference">FCRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_and_Evolutionary_Computation_Conference" title="Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference">GECCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper_Celebration_of_Women_in_Computing" title="Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing">GHC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Programming_Languages" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Programming Languages">HOPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Chips" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Chips">Hot Chips</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conference_on_Hypertext_and_Hypermedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia (page does not exist)">Hypertext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Embedded_Networked_Sensor_Systems" title="Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems">SenSys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Symposium_on_Computer_Architecture" title="International Symposium on Computer Architecture">ISCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Symposium_on_Memory_Management" title="International Symposium on Memory Management">ISMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Symposium_on_Physical_Design" title="International Symposium on Physical Design">ISPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Symposium_on_Symbolic_and_Algebraic_Computation" title="International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation">ISSAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Conference_on_Digital_Libraries" title="Joint Conference on Digital Libraries">JCDL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Symposium_on_Microarchitecture" title="International Symposium on Microarchitecture">MICRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Conference_on_Mobile_Computing_and_Networking" title="International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking">MobiCom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programming_Language_Design_and_Implementation" class="mw-redirect" title="Programming Language Design and Implementation">PLDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Principles_of_Distributed_Computing" title="Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing">PODC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Principles_of_Database_Systems" title="Symposium on Principles of Database Systems">PODS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Principles_of_Programming_Languages" title="Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages">POPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Principles_and_Practice_of_Parallel_Programming" title="Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming">PPoPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Conference_on_Recommender_Systems" title="ACM Conference on Recommender Systems">RecSys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM/IEEE_Supercomputing_Conference" title="ACM/IEEE Supercomputing Conference">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGCOMM" title="SIGCOMM">SIGCOMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGCSE_Technical_Symposium_on_Computer_Science_Education" title="SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education">SIGCSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGGRAPH" title="SIGGRAPH">SIGGRAPH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Computational_Geometry" title="Symposium on Computational Geometry">SoCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Discrete_Algorithms" title="Symposium on Discrete Algorithms">SODA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Operating_Systems_Principles" title="Symposium on Operating Systems Principles">SOSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Parallelism_in_Algorithms_and_Architectures" title="Symposium on Parallelism in Algorithms and Architectures">SPAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPLASH_(conference)" title="SPLASH (conference)">SPLASH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symposium_on_Theory_of_Computing" title="Symposium on Theory of Computing">STOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Tapia_Celebration_of_Diversity_in_Computing" title="Richard Tapia Celebration of Diversity in Computing">TAPIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Symposium_on_User_Interface_Software_and_Technology" title="ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology">UIST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM/IEEE_Virtual_Reality_International_Conference" title="ACM/IEEE Virtual Reality International Conference">VRIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Educational programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACM-W" title="ACM-W">ACM-W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_International_Collegiate_Programming_Contest" class="mw-redirect" title="ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest">ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACM_Student_Research_Competition" title="ACM Student Research Competition">ACM Student Research Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upsilon_Pi_Epsilon" title="Upsilon Pi Epsilon">Upsilon Pi Epsilon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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