CINXE.COM
Bart D. Ehrman - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Bart D. Ehrman - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )simplewikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d6daebc3-4b07-476b-9d7e-ea3cecf78ffb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Bart_D._Ehrman","wgTitle":"Bart D. Ehrman","wgCurRevisionId":9647582,"wgRevisionId":9647582,"wgArticleId":787642,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the JsonConfig extension","Pages using infobox person with multiple employers","Articles with hCards","Articles with FAST identifiers","Articles with ISNI identifiers","Articles with VIAF identifiers","Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers","Articles with BIBSYS identifiers","Articles with BNE identifiers","Articles with BNF identifiers","Articles with BNFdata identifiers","Articles with CANTICN identifiers","Articles with GND identifiers", "Articles with ICCU identifiers","Articles with J9U identifiers","Articles with KBR identifiers","Articles with LCCN identifiers","Articles with NDL identifiers","Articles with NKC identifiers","Articles with NLA identifiers","Articles with NLG identifiers","Articles with NLK identifiers","Articles with NSK identifiers","Articles with NTA identifiers","Articles with PLWABN identifiers","Articles with CINII identifiers","Articles with MusicBrainz identifiers","Articles with Trove identifiers","Articles with SUDOC identifiers","1955 births","Living people","American agnostics","People from Lawrence, Kansas","Writers from Kansas"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Bart_D._Ehrman","wgRelevantArticleId":787642,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q127876","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns", "ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg/1200px-Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1417"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg/800px-Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="945"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg/640px-Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="756"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Bart D. Ehrman - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="change this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//simple.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.simple"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Bart_D_Ehrman rootpage-Bart_D_Ehrman skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Getting around </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_start" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Simple start</span></a></li><li id="n-Simple-talk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_talk"><span>Simple talk</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="The list of new changes in the wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>New changes</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Show any page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Show any page</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="The place to get help"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-simple.svg" width="101" height="18" style="width: 6.3125em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Bart+D.+Ehrman" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bart+D.+Ehrman" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Bart+D.+Ehrman" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bart+D.+Ehrman" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about changes from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bart D. Ehrman</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بارت إيرمان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بارت إيرمان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_Ehrman" title="Bart Ehrman – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bart Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_Ehrman" title="Bart Ehrman – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bart Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="برت ایرمان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برت ایرمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%ED%8A%B8_D._%EC%96%B4%EB%A7%8C" title="바트 D. 어만 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바트 D. 어만" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_Ehrman" title="Bart Ehrman – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bart Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%90%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="בארט אהרמן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בארט אהרמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بارت ايرمان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بارت ايرمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Эрман, Барт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эрман, Барт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_Ehrman" title="Bart Ehrman – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bart Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bart D. Ehrman" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Барт Ерман – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Барт Ерман" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%91%89%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC" title="巴特·葉爾曼 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴特·葉爾曼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127876#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion about the content page (not yet started) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&veaction=edit" title="Edit this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Change</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Change source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&veaction=edit" title="Edit this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Change</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Change source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Bart_D._Ehrman" rel="nofollow" title="New changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&oldid=9647582" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Bart_D._Ehrman&id=9647582&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBart_D._Ehrman"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBart_D._Ehrman"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Bart+D.+Ehrman"><span>Make a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Page for printing</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bart_D._Ehrman" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127876" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9689576">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Bart D. Ehrman</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg/220px-Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg/330px-Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg/440px-Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1626" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Ehrman in 2012, Photo by M. Caravaggio</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Bart Denton Ehrman</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1955-10-05</span>) </span>October 5, 1955<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 69)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Lawrence, Kansas">Lawrence, Kansas</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moody_Bible_Institute" title="Moody Bible Institute">Moody Bible Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Illinois)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheaton College (Illinois)">Wheaton College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">B.A.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_Theological_Seminary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton Theological Seminary (not yet started)">Princeton Theological Seminary</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Divinity" title="Master of Divinity">M.Div.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer(s)</th><td class="infobox-data org">The Department of Religious Studies, <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a>.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8662964"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> authentication</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Textual_variants_in_the_New_Testament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Textual variants in the New Testament (not yet started)">Textual variants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Jesus" title="Historical Jesus">Historical Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Early_Christian_writings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Early Christian writings (not yet started)">Early Christian writings</a></li> <li>Orthodox corruption of the Bible</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8662964"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Misquoting_Jesus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Misquoting Jesus (not yet started)">Misquoting Jesus</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i>God's Problem</i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus,_Interrupted&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus, Interrupted (not yet started)">Jesus, Interrupted</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forged_(book)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forged (book) (not yet started)">Forged</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i>How Jesus Became God</i> (2014)</li> <li><i>The Triumph of Christianity</i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data title">James A. Gray Distinguished Professor of <a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">Religious Studies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bartdehrman.com">bartdehrman.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bart Denton Ehrman</b> (born October 5, 1955) is an American New Testament scholar focusing on textual criticism of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Historical_Jesus" title="Historical Jesus">historical Jesus</a>, the origins and development of <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">early Christianity</a>. He has written and edited 30 books, including three college textbooks. He has also authored six works included in <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list" title="The New York Times Best Seller list">The New York Times Best Seller list</a>. He is currently the James A. Gray Distinguished Professor of Religious Studies at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="University of North Carolina">University of North Carolina</a> at Chapel Hill. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Biography" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biography"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He is a 1978 graduate of <a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College" title="Wheaton College">Wheaton College</a> in Illinois, where he received his bachelor's degree. He received his Ph.D. (in 1985) and M.Div. from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_Theological_Seminary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton Theological Seminary (not yet started)">Princeton Theological Seminary</a>, where he studied textual criticism of the Bible, development of the New Testament canon and New Testament apocrypha under <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Metzger" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Metzger">Bruce Metzger</a>. Both baccalaureate and doctorate were conferred <i><a href="/wiki/Magna_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Magna cum laude">magna cum laude</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ehrman has taught at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill</a> since 1988, after four years of teaching at <a href="/wiki/Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers University</a>. At UNC he has served as both the Director of Graduate Studies and the Chair of the Department of Religious Studies. Ehrman currently serves as co-editor of the series <i>New Testament Tools, Studies, and Documents</i> (<a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">E. J. Brill</a>), co-editor-in-chief for the journal <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vigiliae_Christianae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vigiliae Christianae (not yet started)">Vigiliae Christianae</a></i>, and on several other editorial boards for journals and monographs. Ehrman formerly served as President of the Southeast Region of the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Biblical_Literature" title="Society of Biblical Literature">Society of Biblical Literature</a>, chair of the New Testament textual criticism section of the Society, book review editor of the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Biblical_Literature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Journal of Biblical Literature (not yet started)">Journal of Biblical Literature</a></i>, and editor of the monograph series <i>The New Testament in the Greek Fathers</i> (Scholars Press) </p><p>In 2006 he appeared on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Colbert_Report" title="The Colbert Report">The Colbert Report</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Show" title="The Daily Show">The Daily Show</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to promote his book <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Misquoting_Jesus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Misquoting Jesus (not yet started)">Misquoting Jesus</a></i>, and in 2009 reappeared on <i>The Colbert Report</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the release of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus,_Interrupted&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus, Interrupted (not yet started)">Jesus, Interrupted</a></i>. Ehrman has appeared on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=History_(U.S._TV_channel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History (U.S. TV channel) (not yet started)">History Channel</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Geographic_Channel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Geographic Channel (not yet started)">National Geographic Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=A%26E_(TV_channel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A&E (TV channel) (not yet started)">A&E</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dateline_NBC" title="Dateline NBC">Dateline NBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, and NPR's <i><a href="/wiki/Fresh_Air" title="Fresh Air">Fresh Air</a></i> and his writings have been featured in <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Bibliography" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliography"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7449634">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Didymus the Blind and the Text of the Gospels (The New Testament in the Greek Fathers; No. 1)</i>. <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Biblical_Literature" title="Society of Biblical Literature">Society of Biblical Literature</a>. 1987. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55540-084-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-55540-084-1"><bdi>1-55540-084-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Didymus+the+Blind+and+the+Text+of+the+Gospels+%28The+New+Testament+in+the+Greek+Fathers%3B+No.+1%29&rft.pub=Society+of+Biblical+Literature&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=1-55540-084-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Text of the Fourth Gospel in the Writings of Origen (The New Testament in the Greek Fathers; vol. 1)</i>. <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Biblical_Literature" title="Society of Biblical Literature">Society of Biblical Literature</a>. 1992. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1555407897" title="Special:BookSources/1555407897"><bdi>1555407897</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+Fourth+Gospel+in+the+Writings+of+Origen+%28The+New+Testament+in+the+Greek+Fathers%3B+vol.+1%29&rft.pub=Society+of+Biblical+Literature&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=1555407897&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/orthodoxcorrupti0000ehrm_e4i4"><i>The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture: The Effect of Early Christological Controversies on the Text of the New Testament</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2011 [1996]. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-973978-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-973978-3"><bdi>978-0-19-973978-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Orthodox+Corruption+of+Scripture%3A+The+Effect+of+Early+Christological+Controversies+on+the+Text+of+the+New+Testament&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-19-973978-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Forthodoxcorrupti0000ehrm_e4i4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/textofnewtestame0000unse"><i>The Text of the New Testament in Contemporary Research: Essays on the Status Quaestionis</i></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wm._B._Eerdmans_Publishing_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (not yet started)">Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company</a>. 1995. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-4824-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-4824-9"><bdi>0-8028-4824-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+New+Testament+in+Contemporary+Research%3A+Essays+on+the+Status+Quaestionis&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-8028-4824-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftextofnewtestame0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The New Testament: A Historical Introduction to the Early Christian Writings</i>. Oxford University Press, US. 1997. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-515462-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-515462-2"><bdi>0-19-515462-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Testament%3A+A+Historical+Introduction+to+the+Early+Christian+Writings&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-19-515462-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/writing0000medw"><i>The New Testament and Other Early Christian Writings: A Reader</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 1998. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-515464-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-515464-9"><bdi>0-19-515464-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Testament+and+Other+Early+Christian+Writings%3A+A+Reader&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-19-515464-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwriting0000medw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/afternewtestamen0000unse"><i>After the New Testament: A Reader in Early Christianity</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, US. 1998. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-511445-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-511445-0"><bdi>0-19-511445-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=After+the+New+Testament%3A+A+Reader+in+Early+Christianity&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-19-511445-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fafternewtestamen0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesus:_Apocalyptic_Prophet_of_the_New_Millennium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium (not yet started)">Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, US. 1999. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-512474-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-512474-X"><bdi>0-19-512474-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jesus%3A+Apocalyptic+Prophet+of+the+New+Millennium&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-19-512474-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Apostolic Fathers: Volume I. I Clement. II Clement. Ignatius. Polycarp. Didache</i>. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-99607-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-99607-0"><bdi>0-674-99607-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Apostolic+Fathers%3A+Volume+I.+I+Clement.+II+Clement.+Ignatius.+Polycarp.+Didache&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-674-99607-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Apostolic Fathers: Volume II. Epistle of Barnabas. Papias and Quadratus. Epistle to Diognetus. The Shepherd of Hermas</i>. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-99608-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-99608-9"><bdi>0-674-99608-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Apostolic+Fathers%3A+Volume+II.+Epistle+of+Barnabas.+Papias+and+Quadratus.+Epistle+to+Diognetus.+The+Shepherd+of+Hermas&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-674-99608-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lostscripturesbo00ehrm"><i>Lost Scriptures: Books that Did Not Make It into the New Testament</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-514182-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-514182-2"><bdi>0-19-514182-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lost+Scriptures%3A+Books+that+Did+Not+Make+It+into+the+New+Testament&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-19-514182-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flostscripturesbo00ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lostchristianiti00ehrm"><i>Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-514183-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-514183-0"><bdi>0-19-514183-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lost+Christianities%3A+The+Battles+for+Scripture+and+the+Faiths+We+Never+Knew&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-19-514183-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flostchristianiti00ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFEhrmanJacobs,_Andrew_S.2003" class="citation book cs1">Ehrman, Bart; Jacobs, Andrew S. (2003). <i>Christianity in Late Antiquity, 300–450 C.E.: A Reader</i>. Oxford University Press, US. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-515461-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-515461-4"><bdi>0-19-515461-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianity+in+Late+Antiquity%2C+300%E2%80%93450+C.E.%3A+A+Reader&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-19-515461-4&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Andrew+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/briefintroductio0000ehrm"><i>A Brief Introduction to the New Testament</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2004. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-516123-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-516123-8"><bdi>0-19-516123-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+Introduction+to+the+New+Testament&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-19-516123-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbriefintroductio0000ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/truthfictionin00ehrm"><i>Truth and Fiction in The Da Vinci Code: A Historian Reveals What We Really Know about Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and Constantine</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2004. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-518140-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-518140-9"><bdi>0-19-518140-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Truth+and+Fiction+in+The+Da+Vinci+Code%3A+A+Historian+Reveals+What+We+Really+Know+about+Jesus%2C+Mary+Magdalene%2C+and+Constantine&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-19-518140-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftruthfictionin00ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFMetzgerEhrman,_Bart2005" class="citation book cs1">Metzger, Bruce M.; Ehrman, Bart (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/textofnewtestame0000metz_k4t1"><i>The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-516667-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-516667-1"><bdi>0-19-516667-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+New+Testament%3A+Its+Transmission%2C+Corruption%2C+and+Restoration&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-19-516667-1&rft.aulast=Metzger&rft.aufirst=Bruce+M.&rft.au=Ehrman%2C+Bart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftextofnewtestame0000metz_k4t1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/misquotingje_ehrm_2005_000_8231697"><i>Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why</i></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=HarperSanFrancisco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HarperSanFrancisco (not yet started)">HarperSanFrancisco</a>. 2005. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-073817-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-073817-0"><bdi>0-06-073817-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Misquoting+Jesus%3A+The+Story+Behind+Who+Changed+the+Bible+and+Why&rft.pub=HarperSanFrancisco&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-06-073817-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmisquotingje_ehrm_2005_000_8231697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/peterpaulmarymag00ehrm_0"><i>Peter, Paul, and Mary Magdalene: The Followers of Jesus in History and Legend</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-530013-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-530013-0"><bdi>0-19-530013-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peter%2C+Paul%2C+and+Mary+Magdalene%3A+The+Followers+of+Jesus+in+History+and+Legend&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-19-530013-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpeterpaulmarymag00ehrm_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Studies in the Textual Criticism of the New Testament</i>. <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>, US. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-15032-3" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-15032-3"><bdi>90-04-15032-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+in+the+Textual+Criticism+of+the+New+Testament&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers%2C+US&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=90-04-15032-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lostgospelofjuda00ehrm"><i>The Lost Gospel of Judas Iscariot: A New Look at Betrayer and Betrayed</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-531460-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-531460-1"><bdi>978-0-19-531460-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lost+Gospel+of+Judas+Iscariot%3A+A+New+Look+at+Betrayer+and+Betrayed&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-531460-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flostgospelofjuda00ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/godsproblemhowbi00ehrm"><i>God's Problem: How the Bible Fails to Answer Our Most Important Question – Why We Suffer</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, US. 2008. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-117397-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-117397-4"><bdi>978-0-06-117397-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God%27s+Problem%3A+How+the+Bible+Fails+to+Answer+Our+Most+Important+Question+%E2%80%93+Why+We+Suffer&rft.pub=HarperCollins%2C+US&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-06-117397-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgodsproblemhowbi00ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Jesus, Interrupted: Revealing the Hidden Contradictions in the Bible (And Why We Don't Know About Them)</i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, US. 2009. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-117394-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-117394-3"><bdi>978-0-06-117394-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jesus%2C+Interrupted%3A+Revealing+the+Hidden+Contradictions+in+the+Bible+%28And+Why+We+Don%27t+Know+About+Them%29&rft.pub=HarperCollins%2C+US&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-06-117394-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forged_(book)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forged (book) (not yet started)">Forged: Writing in the Name of God – Why the Bible's Authors Are Not Who We Think They Are</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, US. 2011. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-201261-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-201261-6"><bdi>978-0-06-201261-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Forged%3A+Writing+in+the+Name+of+God+%E2%80%93+Why+the+Bible%27s+Authors+Are+Not+Who+We+Think+They+Are&rft.pub=HarperCollins%2C+US&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-06-201261-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFEhrmanPleše,_Zlatko2011" class="citation book cs1">Ehrman, Bart; Pleše, Zlatko (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780199732104"><i>The Apocryphal Gospels: Texts and Translations</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-973210-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-973210-4"><bdi>978-0-19-973210-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Apocryphal+Gospels%3A+Texts+and+Translations&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-19-973210-4&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.au=Ple%C5%A1e%2C+Zlatko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780199732104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Did_Jesus_Exist%3F_(Ehrman)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Did Jesus Exist? (Ehrman) (not yet started)">Did Jesus Exist? The Historical Argument for Jesus of Nazareth</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, US. 2012. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-220460-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-220460-8"><bdi>978-0-06-220460-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Did+Jesus+Exist%3F+The+Historical+Argument+for+Jesus+of+Nazareth&rft.pub=HarperCollins%2C+US&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-06-220460-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Forgery and Counterforgery: The Use of Literary Deceit in Early Christian Polemics</i>. Oxford University Press, US. 2012. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-992803-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-992803-3"><bdi>978-0-19-992803-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Forgery+and+Counterforgery%3A+The+Use+of+Literary+Deceit+in+Early+Christian+Polemics&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-19-992803-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Bible: A Historical and Literary Introduction</i>. Oxford University Press, US. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530816-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-530816-7"><bdi>978-0-19-530816-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bible%3A+A+Historical+and+Literary+Introduction&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-19-530816-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/othergospelsacco0000unse"><i>The Other Gospels: Accounts of Jesus from Outside the New Testament</i></a>. Oxford University Press, US. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-933522-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-933522-0"><bdi>978-0-19-933522-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Other+Gospels%3A+Accounts+of+Jesus+from+Outside+the+New+Testament&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+US&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-19-933522-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fothergospelsacco0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howjesusbecamego0000ehrm"><i>How Jesus Became God: The Exaltation of a Jewish Preacher from Galilee</i></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=HarperOne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HarperOne (not yet started)">HarperOne</a>, US. 2014. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-177818-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-177818-6"><bdi>978-0-06-177818-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Jesus+Became+God%3A+The+Exaltation+of+a+Jewish+Preacher+from+Galilee&rft.pub=HarperOne%2C+US&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-06-177818-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowjesusbecamego0000ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/jesusbeforegospe0000ehrm"><i>Jesus Before the Gospels: How the Earliest Christians Remembered, Changed, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior</i></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=HarperOne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HarperOne (not yet started)">HarperOne</a>, US. 2016. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0062285201" title="Special:BookSources/978-0062285201"><bdi>978-0062285201</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jesus+Before+the+Gospels%3A+How+the+Earliest+Christians+Remembered%2C+Changed%2C+and+Invented+Their+Stories+of+the+Savior&rft.pub=HarperOne%2C+US&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0062285201&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjesusbeforegospe0000ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/triumphofchristi0000ehrm_i9s6"><i>The Triumph of Christianity: How a Forbidden Religion Swept the World</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>, US. 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1501136702" title="Special:BookSources/978-1501136702"><bdi>978-1501136702</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Triumph+of+Christianity%3A+How+a+Forbidden+Religion+Swept+the+World&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster%2C+US&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1501136702&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftriumphofchristi0000ehrm_i9s6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/heavenhellhistor0000ehrm"><i>Heaven and Hell: A History of the Afterlife</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>, US. 2020. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1501136733" title="Special:BookSources/978-1501136733"><bdi>978-1501136733</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heaven+and+Hell%3A+A+History+of+the+Afterlife&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster%2C+US&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1501136733&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fheavenhellhistor0000ehrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bio-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartdehrman.com/barts-biography/">"Bart D Ehrman - Biography"</a>. Bart D Ehrman. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bart+D+Ehrman+-+Biography&rft.pub=Bart+D+Ehrman&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartdehrman.com%2Fbarts-biography%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190713223451/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/yji71b/the-colbert-report-bart-ehrman">"Bart Ehrman"</a>. <i>CC.com</i>. The Colbert Report. June 20, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cc.com/video-clips/yji71b/the-colbert-report-bart-ehrman">the original</a> on July 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CC.com&rft.atitle=Bart+Ehrman&rft.date=2006-06-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cc.com%2Fvideo-clips%2Fyji71b%2Fthe-colbert-report-bart-ehrman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190713223452/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/uj00dz/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-bart-ehrman">"Bart Ehrman"</a>. <i>CC.com</i>. The Daily Show. March 14, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cc.com/video-clips/uj00dz/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-bart-ehrman">the original</a> on July 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CC.com&rft.atitle=Bart+Ehrman&rft.date=2006-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cc.com%2Fvideo-clips%2Fuj00dz%2Fthe-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-bart-ehrman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190713223449/http://www.cc.com/video-clips/lywaay/the-colbert-report-bart-ehrman">"Bart Ehrman"</a>. <i>CC.com</i>. The Colbert Report. April 9, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cc.com/video-clips/lywaay/the-colbert-report-bart-ehrman">the original</a> on July 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CC.com&rft.atitle=Bart+Ehrman&rft.date=2009-04-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cc.com%2Fvideo-clips%2Flywaay%2Fthe-colbert-report-bart-ehrman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Further reading" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Further reading"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPrice2018" class="citation cs2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_M._Price&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert M. Price (not yet started)">Price, Robert M.</a> (2018), <i>Bart Ehrman Interpreted: How One Radical New Testament Scholar Understands Another</i>, Durham, NC: Pitchstone Publishing (US&CA), <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781634311588" title="Special:BookSources/9781634311588"><bdi>9781634311588</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1020301095">1020301095</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bart+Ehrman+Interpreted%3A+How+One+Radical+New+Testament+Scholar+Understands+Another&rft.place=Durham%2C+NC&rft.pub=Pitchstone+Publishing+%28US%26CA%29&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1020301095&rft.isbn=9781634311588&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Robert+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ehrmanblog.org/">"Ehrman's blog"</a>. <q>Christianity in Antiquity (CIA)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ehrman%27s+blog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fehrmanblog.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://religion.unc.edu/_people/full-time-faculty/ehrman/">"Bart D. Ehrman"</a>. <i>Faculty</i>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Faculty&rft.atitle=Bart+D.+Ehrman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freligion.unc.edu%2F_people%2Ffull-time-faculty%2Fehrman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thegreatcourses.com/tgc/professors/professor_detail.aspx?pid=150">"Bart D. Ehrman"</a>. The Teaching Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bart+D.+Ehrman&rft.pub=The+Teaching+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegreatcourses.com%2Ftgc%2Fprofessors%2Fprofessor_detail.aspx%3Fpid%3D150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081201124237/http://blog.oup.com/oupblog/2006/10/a_few_questions.html">"A Few Questions for Bart Ehrman"</a>. <i>Academic Insights for the Thinking World</i>. Oxford University Press. Oct 9, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.oup.com/oupblog/2006/10/a_few_questions.html">the original</a> on December 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academic+Insights+for+the+Thinking+World&rft.atitle=A+Few+Questions+for+Bart+Ehrman&rft.date=2006-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.oup.com%2Foupblog%2F2006%2F10%2Fa_few_questions.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFKinlawStasio2018" class="citation web cs1">Kinlaw, Robert; Stasio, Frank (Mar 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wunc.org/post/sunday-school-teacher-turned-skeptic-meet-bart-ehrman">"The Sunday School Teacher Turned Skeptic: Meet Bart Ehrman"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(pod)</span>. <i>State of Things</i>. WUNC (NPR).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=State+of+Things&rft.atitle=The+Sunday+School+Teacher+Turned+Skeptic%3A+Meet+Bart+Ehrman&rft.date=2018-03-05&rft.aulast=Kinlaw&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Stasio%2C+Frank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwunc.org%2Fpost%2Fsunday-school-teacher-turned-skeptic-meet-bart-ehrman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ABart+D.+Ehrman" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122492">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127876#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127876#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127876#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/183323/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114394571">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/22267857">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqbhCw976dDFcJ7BKfyVC">WorldCat Entities</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90688761">Norway</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1140697">Spain</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb127726603">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb127726603">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058518394206706">Catalonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134030028">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671803">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span title="Ehrman, Bart D." class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/TO0V164660">Italy</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007260721405171">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14496376">Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n86112715">United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01047699">Japan</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0036359&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an41025847">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record203584">Greece</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200604963">Korea</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000368953&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073720704">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810557376505606">Poland</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA07797964?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/189ea08d-d4af-47af-aadd-254f8694a7e5">MusicBrainz artist</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1451235">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/074093681">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6b6c9bdc8b‐w7q8z Cached time: 20241103220935 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.489 seconds Real time usage: 0.607 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2868/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 82220/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2443/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 27/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 102852/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.316/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6964879/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 530.633 1 -total 33.58% 178.161 1 Template:Infobox_person 33.52% 177.866 32 Template:Cite_book 15.77% 83.696 1 Template:Authority_control 13.40% 71.086 5 Template:Br_separated_entries 11.15% 59.171 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 8.58% 45.539 1 Template:Reflist 6.84% 36.300 9 Template:Cite_web 4.16% 22.069 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 3.32% 17.642 16 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key simplewiki:pcache:idhash:787642-0!canonical and timestamp 20241103220935 and revision id 9647582. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&oldid=9647582">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&oldid=9647582</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1955_births" title="Category:1955 births">1955 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_agnostics" title="Category:American agnostics">American agnostics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Category:People from Lawrence, Kansas">People from Lawrence, Kansas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Writers_from_Kansas" title="Category:Writers from Kansas">Writers from Kansas</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="Category:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_person_with_multiple_employers" title="Category:Pages using infobox person with multiple employers">Pages using infobox person with multiple employers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FAST_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with FAST identifiers">Articles with FAST identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with ISNI identifiers">Articles with ISNI identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with VIAF identifiers">Articles with VIAF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers">Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BIBSYS_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with BIBSYS identifiers">Articles with BIBSYS identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNE_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with BNE identifiers">Articles with BNE identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with BNF identifiers">Articles with BNF identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with BNFdata identifiers">Articles with BNFdata identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_CANTICN_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with CANTICN identifiers">Articles with CANTICN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with GND identifiers">Articles with GND identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ICCU_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with ICCU identifiers">Articles with ICCU identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with J9U identifiers">Articles with J9U identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_KBR_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with KBR identifiers">Articles with KBR identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with LCCN identifiers">Articles with LCCN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NDL_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with NDL identifiers">Articles with NDL identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NKC_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with NKC identifiers">Articles with NKC identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NLA_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with NLA identifiers">Articles with NLA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NLG_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with NLG identifiers">Articles with NLG identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NLK_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with NLK identifiers">Articles with NLK identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NSK_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with NSK identifiers">Articles with NSK identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NTA_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with NTA identifiers">Articles with NTA identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_PLWABN_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with PLWABN identifiers">Articles with PLWABN identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_CINII_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with CINII identifiers">Articles with CINII identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_MusicBrainz_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with MusicBrainz identifiers">Articles with MusicBrainz identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Trove_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with Trove identifiers">Articles with Trove identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_SUDOC_identifiers" title="Category:Articles with SUDOC identifiers">Articles with SUDOC identifiers</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 13 July 2024, at 13:30.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. See <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> for details.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/simple.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//simple.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bart_D._Ehrman&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-6whj2","wgBackendResponseTime":149,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.489","walltime":"0.607","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2868,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":82220,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2443,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":27,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":102852,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 530.633 1 -total"," 33.58% 178.161 1 Template:Infobox_person"," 33.52% 177.866 32 Template:Cite_book"," 15.77% 83.696 1 Template:Authority_control"," 13.40% 71.086 5 Template:Br_separated_entries"," 11.15% 59.171 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age"," 8.58% 45.539 1 Template:Reflist"," 6.84% 36.300 9 Template:Cite_web"," 4.16% 22.069 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text"," 3.32% 17.642 16 Template:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.316","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6964879,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-6b6c9bdc8b-w7q8z","timestamp":"20241103220935","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Bart D. Ehrman","url":"https:\/\/simple.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bart_D._Ehrman","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q127876","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q127876","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2020-09-03T21:28:47Z","dateModified":"2024-07-13T13:30:28Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/bb\/Bart-d-ehrman-2012-wikipedia.jpg","headline":"American biblical scholar (born 1955)"}</script> </body> </html>