Lanthanum (La) | AMERICAN ELEMENTS ®

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width="200" height="200" class="image-left"> <p>Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander discovered lanthanum during experiments on an impure sample of <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/ce.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">cerium</a> <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/Nitrates.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">nitrate</a> in 1839.</p> <p>Like most of the rare-earth elements, lanthanum is used in small amounts to alter key properties of other materials. <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-oxide-1312-81-8?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum oxide</a> is added to glass to impart increased resistance to alkalis, strength, a high refractive index and low dispersion, and can be used to make infrared-absorbing <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/optical-materials.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">glass</a>. Lanthanum is also an essential component of ZBLAN glass, which exhibits superior transmittance of infrared light and is used in fiber-optic communication systems. These glasses are used in specialized <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/optical-materials.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">optical applications</a> such as telescope lenses. Lanthanum-doped <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/ceramics.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">ceramic materials</a> are used as both anodes and cathodes in solid oxide <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/fuel-cell-materials.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">fuel cells</a>. Adding small quantities of lanthanum to steel improves its malleability, ductility, and resistance to impact, while the addition of lanthanum to <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/mo.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">molybdenum</a> decreases its hardness and sensitivity to variations in temperature.</p> <p>Many rare earth compounds have the ability to produce light in response to absorbing energy from an external source. The first commercial use of lanthanum exploited this property for the production of gas lantern mantles, but unfortunately those mantles produced green-tinged light and were not very successful. Their creator Carl Auer von Welsbach found more success with a cerium-containing mantle several years later. Lanthanum is also a component of <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-mischmetal?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">mischmetal</a>, an alloy used for lighter flints. Today, lanthanum <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/optical-materials.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">phosphors</a> like <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-fluoride-13709-38-1?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">lanthanum fluoride</a> are used in fluorescent lamps, and <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/ce.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">cerium</a>-doped <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-bromide-13536-79-3?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">lanthanum bromide</a> and <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-chloride-10025-84-0?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">chloride</a> scintillators serve as radiation detectors by producing light when they absorb ionizing radiation.</p> <p>Some other properties of lanthanum are exploited in a variety of applications. Many lanthanum compounds can be induced to emit electrons when treated with heat in a process called thermionic emission. <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-boride-12008-21-8?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum boride</a> crystals are used as electron emission sources for electron microscopes and ion thrusters used in <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/space-industry.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">spacecraft</a>. The thermionic emission of electrons of lanthanum compounds is also exploited in carbon arc lamps, in which lanthanum compounds are sometimes components of one of the electrodes. Lanthanum also binds <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/Phosphates.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">phosphates</a> in solution. Some <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/water-treatment-chemicals.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">water treatment products</a> use this property to remove the free phosphates that feed algae, while the drug <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-carbonate-54451-24-0?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">lanthanum carbonate</a> uses it to absorb excess phosphate in the blood of patients in end-stage kidney failure. Lanthanum catalysts are widely used in the industrial process of <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/oil-gas.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">refining petroleum</a> for fuel. Additionally, lanthanum catalysts are being investigated for use in many other processes, including photocatalytic hydrogen production and production of syngas from methane.</p> <p>Lanthanum is often a component of hydrogen sponge alloys--metals that can absorb and store up to 400 times their own volume of hydrogen gas. These alloys are most commonly used as the negative electrode of <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/ni.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">nickel</a>-metal hydride (NiMH) <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/Battery-Technology.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">batteries</a>. NiMH batteries are rechargeable batteries with high storage capacity and are important for the development of green technologies such as electric vehicles.</p> <p>Many lanthanum-containing thin film compositions have been investigated in the search for high-k gate dielectrics for use in integrated circuits. <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/silicon-dioxide-7631-86-9?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Silicon dioxide</a> gate dielectrics have been standard for decades, but the industry has reached the limit of thinness for <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/si.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">silicon</a> layers that can serve as an effective gate, and the development of alternate materials could theoretically allow for further miniaturization of microelectronics.</p> <p>Lanthanum is a light rare earth most commonly obtained by processing the rare earth minerals monazite and bastnasite.</p> </div> <div class="tab-pane active" 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href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-manganite-lsm-nanoparticles-nanopowder?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Manganite Nanopowder</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-trifluoride-nanoparticles-13709-38-1?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Trifluoride Nanoparticles</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-products"> <div class="panel-heading activate-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#semiconductor-optical-products"> <span class="panel-title">Semiconductor & Optical</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span> </div> <div id="semiconductor-optical-products" class="panel-body collapse row"> <ul class="grid grid3 no-dot"> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/cesium-lithium-lanthanum-bromide-ce-doped?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Cesium Lithium Lanthanum Bromide, 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Arsenide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-iron-oxide-12022-43-4?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Iron Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-monosulfide-12031-30-0?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Monosulfide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-niobate-12031-17-3?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Niobate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-phosphide-25275-74-5?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Phosphide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-selenide-12031-51-5?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Selenide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-silicide-12056-90-5?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Silicide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-sulfide-12031-49-1?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum(III) Sulfide La<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-ii-iii-sulfide-12031-30-0?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum(II,III) Sulfide La<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-telluride-12031-34-4?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Telluride</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lsat-single-crystal-substrate?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">LSAT Single Crystral Substrate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/strontium-lanthanum-aluminate-12251-73-9?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Strontium Lanthanum Aluminate</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/strontium-lanthanum-aluminum-oxide-12251-73-9?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Strontium Lanthanum Aluminum Oxide</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/ylasc-crystal-nonlinear?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">YLaSc Crystal, Nonlinear</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-products"> <div class="panel-heading activate-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#sputtering-target-products"> <span class="panel-title">Sputtering Targets</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span> </div> <div id="sputtering-target-products" class="panel-body collapse row"> <ul class="grid grid3 no-dot"> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/barium-lanthanum-tin-oxide-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Barium Lanthanum Tin Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/bismuth-lanthanum-ferrite-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Bismuth Lanthanum Ferrite Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/bismuth-lanthanum-titanium-oxide-sputtering-target-185619-35-6?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Bismuth Lanthanum Titanium Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/copper-lanthanum-magnesium-alloy-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Copper Lanthanum Magnesium Alloy Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanated-molybdenum-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanated Moly Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-aluminate-sputtering-target-12003-65-5?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Aluminate Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-aluminum-oxide-sputtering-target-12003-65-5?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Aluminum Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-aluminum-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Aluminum Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-boride-sputtering-target-12008-21-8?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Boride Sputtering 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href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-copper-oxide-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Copper Oxide Sputtering Target </a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-fluoride-sputtering-target-13709-38-1?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Fluoride Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-gallate-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Gallate Sputtering Target </a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-iron-oxide-sputtering-target-12022-43-4?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Iron Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-manganate-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Manganate Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-nickel-oxide-sputtering-target-12031-18-4?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Nickel Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-nickel-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Nickel Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-niobate-sputtering-target-12031-17-3?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Niobate Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-oxide-rotatable-sputtering-target-1312-81-8?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Oxide Rotatable Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-oxide-sputtering-target-1312-81-8?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-phosphide-sputtering-target-25275-74-5?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Phosphide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-praseodymium-calcium-manganate-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Praseodymium Calcium Manganate Sputtering Target </a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-rotatable-sputtering-target-7439-91-0?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Rotatable Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-selenide-sputtering-target-12031-51-5?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Selenide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-scandium-oxide-sputtering-target-354566-17-9?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Scandium Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-sputtering-target-7439-91-0?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-chromite-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Chromite Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-cobalt-ferrite-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Ferrite Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-cobalt-oxide-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-copper-oxide-sputtering-target-111419-39-7?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Copper Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-ferrite-sputtering-targets?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Ferrite Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-gallate-magnesite-sputtering-target-lsgm?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Gallate Magnesite Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-manganese-oxide-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Manganese Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-strontium-manganite-sputtering-target-lsm?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Strontium Manganite Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-telluride-sputtering-target-12031-34-4?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Telluride Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-titanate-sputtering-target-12201-04-6?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Titanate Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-vanadium-oxide-sputtering-target-13939-40-7?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Vanadium Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-yttrium-germanate-sputtering-target-1067877-96-6?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum Yttrium Germanate Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lead-lanthanum-zirconium-titanate-sputtering-target-12676-60-7?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lead Lanthanum Zirconium Titanate Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lithium-lanthanum-titanium-oxide-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lithium Lanthanum Titanium Oxide Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lithium-lanthanum-zirconate-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lithium Lanthanum Zirconate Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/magnesium-lanthanum-alloy-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Magnesium Lanthanum Alloy Sputtering Target</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/silver-lanthanum-sputtering-target?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Silver Lanthanum Sputtering Target</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-products"> <div class="panel-heading activate-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#isotope-products"> <span class="panel-title">Isotopes</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span> </div> <div id="isotope-products" class="panel-body collapse row"> <ul class="grid grid3 no-dot"> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-138-oxide-isotope-15816-87-2?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum-138 Oxide Isotope</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-139-oxide-isotope?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum-139 Oxide Isotope</a></li> <li class="product"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-139-chloride-isotope?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum-139 Chloride Isotope</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="openclose"> <div class="openall"> + Open All </div> <div class="closeall"> - Close All </div> </div> </div> <p><img src="elemental-lanthanum.png" class="image-left" alt="Elemental Lanthanum" height="76" width="68"> Lanthanum-rich lanthanide compositions have been used extensively for cracking reactions in FCC catalysts, especially to manufacture low-octane fuel for heavy crude oil. It is utilized in green phosphors based on the phosphate (La<sub>0.4</sub>Ce<sub>0.45</sub>Tb<sub>0.15</sub>)PO<sub>4</sub>. Lanthanide zirconates and lanthanum strontium manganites are used for their catalytic and conductivity properties and lanthanum stabilized zirconia has useful electrical and mechanical properties. Lanthanum's ability to bind with phosphates in water creates numerous uses in <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/water-treatment-chemicals.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">water treatment</a>. It is utilized in laser crystals based on the yttrium-lanthanum-fluoride (YLF) composition. Lanthanum metal is predominantly used in the production of <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-mischmetal?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">mischmetal </a>and steel additives, but is also<a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-oxide-powder-1312-81-8?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en"><img src="lanthanum-oxide-powder.png" alt="High Purity (99.999%) Lanthanum Oxide (La2O3) Powder" width="124" height="126" class="image-left"></a> important in the production of <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/Hydrogen-Storage.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">hydrogen storage </a>alloys for nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/Battery-Technology.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">batteries</a>. <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-hydride-13864-01-2?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum hydride</a> is made inside of pressure chambers and currently holds the new record for high temperature superconductivity at -23 degrees Celsius, which is about 50 degrees more than the previous record. This property allows electrons to flow through the metal hydride with zero resistance. <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-sputtering-target-7439-91-0?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en"><img src="lanthanum-sputtering-target.png" alt="High Purity (99.999%) Lanthanum (La) Sputtering Target" width="115" height="98" class="image-right"></a>Lanthanum is available as <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/metals.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">metal</a> and compound forms with purities ranging from 99% to 99.999% (ACS grade to <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/Ultra_high_purity_metals_powders.htm?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">ultra-high purity</a>). Elemental or metallic forms include pellets, rod, wire and granules for evaporation source material purposes. <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/lanthanum-oxide-1312-81-8?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Lanthanum oxides</a> are available in powder and dense pellet form for such uses as optical coating and thin film applications. Oxides tend to be insoluble. <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/Fluorides.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Fluorides</a> are another insoluble form for uses in which oxygen is undesirable such as metallurgy, chemical and physical vapor deposition and in some optical coatings. Lanthanum is also available in soluble forms including <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/chemicals.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">chlorides, nitrates and acetates</a>. These compounds can be manufactured as <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/solutions?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">solutions</a> at specified stoichiometries.</p> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="properties" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab3"> <h2>Lanthanum Properties</h2> <p><img src="lanthanum-block.png" alt="Lanthanum (La) atomic and molecular weight, atomic number and elemental symbol" class="image-left" hspace="10"><strong>Lanthanum</strong> is a Block F, Group 3, Period 6 element. The number of electrons in each of lanthanum's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2 and its electron configuration is [Xe] 5d<sup>1</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup>. The lanthanum atom has a radius of 187.pm and its Van der Waals radius is 240.pm. <img src="lanthanan-bohr.jpg" alt="Lanthanum Bohr Model" width="200" height="200" class="image-right">In its elemental form, CAS 7439-91-0, lanthanum has a silvery white appearance. Lanthanum is the first element in the rare earth or lanthanide series. It is the model for all the other trivalent rare earths and it is the second most abundant of the rare earths after <a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/ce.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">cerium</a>. Lanthanum is found in monazite and bastnasite. Lanthanum was first discovered by Carl Mosander in 1839. The name lanthanum originates from the Greek word Lanthaneia which means 'to lie hidden'.</p> <div id="table-wrapper"> <div class="panel-group expanding" id="accordion2"> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"><a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/la.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#general-properties">General Properties<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="general-properties"> <table class="table properties-table"> <tbody> <tr> <th id="symbol">Symbol:</th> <td width="64">La</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-number">Atomic Number:</th> <td>57</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-weight">Atomic Weight:</th> <td>138.9055</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="element-category">Element Category:</th> <td>lanthanide</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="group-period-block">Group, Period, Block:</th> <td>n/a, 6, f</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="color">Color:</th> <td>silvery white</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="other-names">Other Names:</th> <td>Lanthane, Lantanio, Lantânio</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"><a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/la.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#physical-properties">Physical Properties<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div id="physical-properties" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <table class="properties-table table"> <tbody> <tr> <th id="melting-point">Melting Point:</th> <td width="64">920°C, 1688°F, 1193.15 K</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="boiling-point">Boiling Point:</th> <td>3464°C, 6267.2°F, 3737.15 K</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="density">Density:</th> <td>6174 kg·m<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="liquid-density">Liquid Density @ Melting Point:</th> <td>5.94 g·cm<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="density-20-degrees-C">Density @ 20°C:</th> <td>6.16 g/cm<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="solid-density">Density of Solid:</th> <td> 6146 kg·m<sup>3</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="specific-heat">Specific Heat:</th> <td>0.195 kJ/kg K</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="superconductivity-temperature">Superconductivity Temperature:</th> <td>6.00 [or -267 °C (-449 °F)] K</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="triple-point">Triple Point:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="critical-point">Critical Point:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="fusion-heat">Heat of Fusion (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>):</th> <td>10.04</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="vaporization-heat">Heat of Vaporization (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>):</th> <td>402.1</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomization-heat">Heat of Atomization (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>):</th> <td>431.29</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="thermal-conductivity">Thermal Conductivity:</th> <td>0.134 W/cm/K @ 298.2 K</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="thermal-expansion">Thermal Expansion:</th> <td>(r.t.) (poly) 12.1 µm/(m·K)</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="electrical-resistivity">Electrical Resistivity:</th> <td>5.70 µΩ-cm @ 25°C</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="tensile-strength">Tensile Strength:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="molar-heat-capacity">Molar Heat Capacity:</th> <td>27.11 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="youngs-modulus">Young's Modulus:</th> <td>(? form) 36.6 GPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="shear-modulus">Shear Modulus:</th> <td>(? form) 14.3 GPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="bulk-modulus">Bulk Modulus:</th> <td>(? form) 27.9 GPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="poisson-ratio">Poisson Ratio:</th> <td>(? form) 0.280</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="mohs-hardness">Mohs Hardness:</th> <td>2.5</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="vickers-hardness">Vickers Hardness:</th> <td>491 MPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="brinell-hardness">Brinell Hardness:</th> <td>363 MPa</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="speed-of-sound">Speed of Sound:</th> <td>(20 °C) 2475 m·s?1<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="pauling-electronegativity">Pauling Electronegativity:</th> <td>1.1</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="sanderson-electronegativity">Sanderson Electronegativity:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="allerd-rochow-electronegativity">Allred Rochow Electronegativity:</th> <td>1.08</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="mulliken-jaffe-electronegativity">Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="allen-electronegativity">Allen Electronegativity:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="pauling-electropositivity">Pauling Electropositivity:</th> <td>2.9</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="reflectivity">Reflectivity (%):</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="refractive-index">Refractive Index:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"><a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/la.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#chemical-properties">Chemical Properties<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div id="chemical-properties" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <table class="properties-table table"> <tbody> <tr> <th id="electrons">Electrons:</th> <td width="64">57</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="protons">Protons:</th> <td>57</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="neutrons">Neutrons:</th> <td>82</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="electron-configuration">Electron Configuration:</th> <td>[Xe] 5d<sup>1</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-radius">Atomic Radius:</th> <td>187 pm</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="atomic-radius-non-bonded">Atomic Radius,<br> non-bonded (Å):</th> <td>2.43</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="covalent-radius">Covalent Radius:</th> <td>207±8 pm</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="covalent-radius-non-bonded">Covalent Radius (Å):</th> <td>1.94</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="van-der-waals-radius">Van der Waals Radius:</th> <td>240 pm</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="oxidation-states">Oxidation States:</th> <td>3, 2 (strongly basic oxide)</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="phase">Phase:</th> <td>Solid</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="crystal-structure">Crystal Structure:</th> <td>Hexagonal</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="magnetic-ordering">Magnetic Ordering:</th> <td>paramagnetic</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="electron-affinity">Electron Affinity (kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>)</th> <td>45.332</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="1-ionization">1<sup>st</sup> Ionization Energy:</th> <td>538 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="2-ionization">2<sup>nd</sup> Ionization Energy:</th> <td>1067 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th id="3-ionization">3<sup>rd</sup> Ionization Energy:</th> <td>1850 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-group expanding" id="accordion3"> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"><a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/la.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#identifiers">Identifiers<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="identifiers"> <table class="table properties-table"> <tbody> <tr> <th id="cas-number">CAS Number:</th> <td width="64">7439-91-0</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="ec-number">EC Number:</th> <td>231-099-0</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="mdl-number">MDL Number:</th> <td>MFCD00011066</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="beilstein-number">Beilstein Number:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="smile-id">SMILES Identifier:</th> <td>[La]</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="inchi-id">InChI Identifier:</th> <td>InChI=1S/La</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="inchi-key">InChI Key:</th> <td>FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="pubchem-cid">PubChem CID:</th> <td>23926</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="chemspider-id">ChemSpider ID:</th> <td>22369</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"><a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/la.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#abundance">Abundance<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="abundance"> <table class="table properties-table"> <tbody> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="earth-total">Earth - Total:</th> <td width="64">379 ppb </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="mercury-total">Mercury - Total:</th> <td>291 ppb </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="venus-total">Venus - Total:</th> <td>397 ppb </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-seawater-weight">Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by weight:</th> <td>0.0034</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-seawater-atoms">Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by atoms:</th> <td>0.00015</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-crust-weight">Earth -  Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by weight:</th> <td>34000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-earth-crust-atoms">Earth -  Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by atoms:</th> <td>5000</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-sun-weight">Sun - Total, ppb by weight:</th> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-sun-atoms">Sun - Total, ppb by atoms:</th> <td>0.01</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-stream-weight">Stream, ppb by weight:</th> <td>0.2</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-stream-atoms">Stream, ppb by atoms:</th> <td>0.001</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-meterorite-carbonaceous-weight">Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by weight:</th> <td>290</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-meterorite-carbonaceous-atoms">Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by atoms:</th> <td>40</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-human-body-weight">Typical Human Body, ppb by weight:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-human-body-atoms">Typical Human Body, ppb by atom:</th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-universe-weight">Universe, ppb by weight:</th> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="abundance" id="abundance-universe-atoms">Universe, ppb by atom:</th> <td>0.02</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-default properties-panel"> <div class="panel-heading active-collapsible"><a data-toggle="collapse" class="activate-panel" href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/la.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#history">History<span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span></a> </div> <div class="panel-collapse collapse" id="history"> <table class="table properties-table"> <tbody> <tr> <th id="discovered">Discovered By:</th> <td width="64">Carl Gustaf Mosander</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="discovery-date">Discovery Date:</th> <td>1838</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="first-isolation">First Isolation:</th> <td>Friedrich Oskar Giesel (1902)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="safety" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab4"> <h2>Health, Safety & Transportation Information for Lanthanum</h2> <p>Lanthanum is somewhat toxic. Safety data for Lanthanum and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the Products tab. The below information applies to elemental (metallic) Lanthanum</p> <table class="safety-table"> <thead> <tr> <th colspan="2" id="safety-data">Safety Data</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/safety-information.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#signalword">Signal Word </a></th> <td>Danger</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/safety-information.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#hazardstatements">Hazard Statements </a></th> <td>H260</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/hazard-codes.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#hazardcodes">Hazard Codes</a></th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/safety-information.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#riskcodes">Risk Codes </a></th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/safety-information.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#safetyprecautions">Safety Precautions </a></th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/safety-information.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#rtecs">RTECS Number </a></th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/safety-information.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#transportation">Transport Information</a></th> <td>UN 3208 4.3/PG 1</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/safety-information.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#wgk">WGK Germany </a></th> <td>3</td> </tr> <tr> <th><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/hazard-codes.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en">Globally Harmonized System of <br> Classification and Labelling (GHS) </a></th> <td><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/hazard-codes.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en#flame"><img src="flame.png" alt="Flame-Flammables" width="42" height="42"></a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="panel-group expanding" id="accordion4"> <div class="panel panel-products"> <div class="panel-heading panel-heading-sds activate-panel active-panel" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#sds"> <span class="panel-title">Review and Print SDS for Lanthanum Metal</span><span class="Arrowhead-Down-24 dropdown-icon"></span> </div> <div id="sds" class="panel-body collapse in row"> <div class="view view-sds-pane view-id-sds_pane view-display-id-block sds-content view-dom-id-5626d6c54467fc09425ab912933f9af7"> <div class="view-header"> <div class="link-container"><span class="print_pdf"><a href="https://www-americanelements-com.translate.goog/printpdf/lanthanum-metal-7439-91-0/sds?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=nl&_x_tr_hl=en" title="Display a PDF version of this page." class="print-pdf" rel="nofollow">Create Printable PDF</a></span> </div> <h2 class="centered">SAFETY DATA SHEET</h2> <div id="sds-date"> <div> <strong>Date Created:</strong> 05/15/2015 </div> <div> <strong>Date Revised:</strong> 05/15/2015 </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-content"> <div> <hr> <h3>SECTION 1. IDENTIFICATION</h3> <p><strong>Product Name:</strong> Lanthanum Metal</p> <p><strong>Product Number:</strong> All applicable American Elements product codes, e.g. LA-M-02, LA-M-03, LA-M-04, LA-M-05</p> <p><strong>CAS #:</strong> 7439-91-0</p> <p><strong>Relevant identified uses of the substance: </strong> Scientific research and development</p> <p>Supplier details:<br> American Elements<br> 1093 Broxton Ave. Suite 2000<br> Los Angeles, CA 90024<br> Tel: +1 310-208-0551<br> Fax: +1 310-208-0351<br><br> Emergency telephone number:<br> Domestic, North America +1 800-424-9300<br> International +1 703-527-3887</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION</h3> <p>Classification of the substance or mixture<br> Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008<br> GHS02 Flame<br> Flam. Sol. 1 H228 Flammable solid.<br> Water-react. 2 H261 In contact with water releases flammable gas.<br> Hazards not otherwise classified<br> No information known.<br> Label elements<br> Labelling according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008<br> The substance is classified and labeled according to the CLP regulation.<br> Hazard pictograms</p> <div class="ghs-images"> <img src="https://www.americanelements.com/flame.png" alt="Flame - GHS02" width="42" height="42"> </div> <p>GHS02<br> Signal word<br> Danger<br> Hazard statements<br> H228 Flammable solid.<br> H261 In contact with water releases flammable gas.<br> Precautionary statements<br> P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.<br> P231+P232 Handle under inert gas. Protect from moisture.<br> P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.<br> P370+P378 In case of fire: Use for extinction: CO2, sand, extinguishing powder.<br> P402+P404 Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.<br> P501 Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/<br> national/international regulations.<br> WHMIS classification<br> B6 - Reactive flammable material<br> Classification system<br> HMIS ratings (scale 0-4)<br> (Hazardous Materials Identification System)<br> HEALTH<br> FIRE<br> REACTIVITY<br> 1<br> 2<br> 3<br> Health (acute effects) = 1<br> Flammability = 2<br> Physical Hazard = 3<br> Other hazards<br> Results of PBT and vPvB assessment<br> PBT:<br> Not applicable.<br> vPvB:<br> Not applicable.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS</h3> <p>Chemical characterization: Substances<br> CAS# Description:<br> 7439-91-0 Lanthanum<br> Identification number(s):<br> EC number:<br> 231-099-0</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES</h3> <p>Description of first aid measures<br> After inhalation<br> Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm.<br> Seek immediate medical advice.<br> After skin contact<br> Immediately wash with water and soap and rinse thoroughly.<br> Seek immediate medical advice.<br> After eye contact<br> Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. Then consult a doctor.<br> After swallowing<br> Seek medical treatment.<br> Information for doctor<br> Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed<br> No further relevant information available.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES</h3> <p>Extinguishing media<br> Suitable extinguishing agents<br> Special powder for metal fires. Do not use water.<br> For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents<br> Water<br> Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture<br> If this product is involved in a fire, the following can be released:<br> Metal oxide fume<br> Advice for firefighters<br> Protective equipment:<br> Wear self-contained respirator.<br> Wear fully protective impervious suit.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES</h3> <p>Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures<br> Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.<br> Ensure adequate ventilation<br> Keep away from ignition sources<br> Environmental precautions:<br> Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.<br> Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:<br> Keep away from ignition sources.<br> Ensure adequate ventilation.<br> Do not flush with water or aqueous cleansing agents<br> Prevention of secondary hazards:<br> Keep away from ignition sources.<br> Reference to other sections<br> See Section 7 for information on safe handling<br> See Section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.<br> See Section 13 for disposal information.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE</h3> <p>Handling<br> Precautions for safe handling<br> Handle under dry protective gas.<br> Keep container tightly sealed.<br> Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.<br> Ensure good ventilation at the workplace.<br> Reacts violently with water<br> Information about protection against explosions and fires:<br> Protect against electrostatic charges.<br> Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities<br> Storage<br> Requirements to be met by storerooms and receptacles:<br> Store in a cool location.<br> Information about storage in one common storage facility:<br> Do not store together with oxidizing and acidic materials.<br> Store away from air.<br> Store away from water/moisture.<br> Further information about storage conditions:<br> Store under dry inert gas.<br> This product is air sensitive.<br> Keep container tightly sealed.<br> Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed containers.<br> Protect from humidity and water.<br> Specific end use(s)<br> No further relevant information available.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION</h3> <p>Additional information about design of technical systems:<br> Properly operating chemical fume hood designed for hazardous chemicals and<br> having an average face velocity of at least 100 feet per minute.<br> Control parameters<br> Components with limit values that require monitoring at the workplace:<br> The product does not contain any relevant quantities of materials with critical values that have to be monitored at the workplace.<br> Additional information:<br> No data<br> Exposure controls<br> Personal protective equipment<br> General protective and hygienic measures<br> The usual precautionary measures for handling chemicals should be followed.<br> Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and feed.<br> Remove all soiled and contaminated clothing immediately.<br> Wash hands before breaks and at the end of work.<br> Maintain an ergonomically appropriate working environment.<br> Breathing equipment:<br> Use suitable respirator when high concentrations are present.<br> Protection of hands:<br> Impervious gloves<br> Check protective gloves prior to each use for their proper condition.<br> The selection of suitable gloves not only depends on the material, but also on quality. Quality will vary from manufacturer to manufacturer.<br> Penetration time of glove material (in minutes)<br> Not determined<br> Eye protection:<br> Safety glasses<br> Full face protection<br> Body protection:<br> Protective work clothing</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES</h3> <p>Information on basic physical and chemical properties<br> General Information<br> Appearance:<br> Form: Solid in various forms<br> Color: Silvery-white<br> Odor: Not determined<br> Odor threshold: Not determined.<br> pH-value: Not applicable.<br> Change in condition<br> Melting point/Melting range: 920 °C (1688 °F)<br> Boiling point/Boiling range: 3464 °C (6267 °F)<br> Sublimation temperature / start: Not determined<br> Flammability (solid, gaseous)<br> Highly flammable.<br> Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.<br> Ignition temperature: Not determined<br> Decomposition temperature: Not determined<br> Auto igniting: Not determined.<br> Danger of explosion: Not determined.<br> Explosion limits:<br> Lower: Not determined<br> Upper: Not determined<br> Vapor pressure at 3230 °C (5846 °F): 533 hPa (400 mm Hg)<br> Density at 20 °C (68 °F): 6.17 g/cm³ (51.489 lbs/gal)<br> Relative density<br> Not determined.<br> Vapor density<br> Not applicable.<br> Evaporation rate<br> Not applicable.<br> Solubility in / Miscibility with Water: Contact with water releases flammable gases<br> Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined.<br> Viscosity:<br> dynamic: Not applicable.<br> kinematic: Not applicable.<br> Other information<br> No further relevant information available.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY</h3> <p>Reactivity<br> In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously.<br> Chemical stability<br> Stable under recommended storage conditions.<br> Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:<br> Decomposition will not occur if used and stored according to specifications.<br> Possibility of hazardous reactions<br> Contact with water releases flammable gases<br> Conditions to avoid<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Incompatible materials:<br> Air<br> Oxidizing agents<br> Water/moisture<br> Hazardous decomposition products:<br> Metal oxide fume</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION</h3> <p>Information on toxicological effects<br> Acute toxicity:<br> No effects known.<br> LD/LC50 values that are relevant for classification:<br> No data<br> Skin irritation or corrosion:<br> Powder: irritant effect<br> Eye irritation or corrosion:<br> Powder: irritant effect<br> Sensitization:<br> No sensitizing effects known.<br> Germ cell mutagenicity:<br> No effects known.<br> Carcinogenicity:<br> No classification data on carcinogenic properties of this material is available from the EPA, IARC, NTP, OSHA or ACGIH.<br> Reproductive toxicity:<br> No effects known.<br> Specific target organ system toxicity - repeated exposure:<br> No effects known.<br> Specific target organ system toxicity - single exposure:<br> No effects known.<br> Aspiration hazard:<br> No effects known.<br> Subacute to chronic toxicity:<br> No effects known.<br> Additional toxicological information:<br> To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known.<br> Carcinogenic categories<br> OSHA-Ca (Occupational Safety & Health Administration)<br> Substance is not listed.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION</h3> <p>Toxicity<br> Aquatic toxicity:<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Persistence and degradability<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Bioaccumulative potential<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Mobility in soil<br> No further relevant information available.<br> Additional ecological information:<br> General notes:<br> Do not allow material to be released to the environment without proper governmental permits.<br> Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities to reach ground water, water course or sewage system.<br> Avoid transfer into the environment.<br> Results of PBT and vPvB assessment<br> PBT:<br> Not applicable.<br> vPvB:<br> Not applicable.<br> Other adverse effects<br> No further relevant information available.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS</h3> <p>Waste treatment methods<br> Recommendation<br> Consult state, local or national regulations to ensure proper disposal.<br> Uncleaned packagings:<br> Recommendation:<br> Disposal must be made according to official regulations.</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION</h3> <p>UN-Number<br> DOT, IMDG, IATA<br> UN3208<br> UN proper shipping name<br> DOT<br> Metallic substance, water-reactive, n.o.s. (Lanthanum)<br> IMDG, IATA<br> METALLIC SUBSTANCE, WATER-REACTIVE, N.O.S. (Lanthanum)<br> Transport hazard class(es)<br> DOT<br> Class<br> 4.3 Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases.<br> Label<br> 4.3<br> Class<br> 4.3 (W2) Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases<br> Label<br> 4.3<br> IMDG, IATA<br> Class<br> 4.3 Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases.<br> Label<br> 4.3<br> Packing group<br> DOT, IMDG, IATA<br> II<br> Environmental hazards:<br> Not applicable.<br> Special precautions for user<br> Warning: Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases<br> Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL73/78 and the IBC Code<br> Not applicable.<br> Transport/Additional information:<br> DOT<br> Marine Pollutant (DOT):<br> No<br> UN "Model Regulation":<br> UN3208, Metallic substance, water-reactive, n.o.s. (Lanthanum), 4.3, ll</p> <hr> <h3>SECTION 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION</h3> <p>Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture<br> National regulations<br> All components of this product are listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical substance Inventory.<br> All components of this product are listed on the Canadian Domestic Substances List (DSL).<br> SARA Section 313 (specific toxic chemical listings)<br> Substance is not listed.<br> California Proposition 65<br> Prop 65 - Chemicals known to cause cancer<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, female<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, male<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Information about limitation of use:<br> For use only by technically qualified individuals.<br> Other regulations, limitations and prohibitive regulations<br> Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) according to the REACH Regulations (EC) No. 1907/2006.<br> Substance is not listed.<br> The conditions of restrictions according to Article 67 and Annex XVII of the Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) for the manufacturing, placing on the market and use must be observed.<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Annex XIV of the REACH Regulations (requiring Authorisation for use)<br> Substance is not listed.<br> Chemical safety assessment:<br> A Chemical Safety Assessment has not been carried out.</p> <hr> <h3>16. OTHER INFORMATION</h3> <p>Safety Data Sheet according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH). The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. American Elements shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale. COPYRIGHT 1997-2016 AMERICAN ELEMENTS. LICENSED GRANTED TO MAKE UNLIMITED PAPER COPIES FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="isotopes" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tab5"> <h2>Lanthanum Isotopes</h2> <p>Naturally occurring lanthanum (La) has one stable isotope: <sup>139</sup>La.</p> <table class="isotopes-table"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col" id="nuclide">Nuclide</th> <th scope="col" id="mass">Isotopic Mass</th> <th scope="col" id="half-life">Half-Life</th> <th scope="col" id="decay">Mode of Decay</th> <th scope="col" id="nuclear-spin">Nuclear Spin</th> <th scope="col" id="magnetic-moment">Magnetic Moment</th> <th scope="col" id="binding-energy">Binding Energy (MeV)</th> <th scope="col" id="natural-abundance">Natural Abundance<br> (% by atom)</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>117</sup>La</th> <td>116.95007(43)#</td> <td>23.5(26) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>117</sup>Ba; p to <sup>116</sup>Cs</td> <td>(3/2+,3/2-)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>927.83</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>118</sup>La</th> <td>117.94673(32)#</td> <td>200# ms</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>118</sup>Ba</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>945.23</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>119</sup>La</th> <td>118.94099(43)#</td> <td>1# s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>119</sup>Ba</td> <td>11/2-#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>953.31</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>120</sup>La</th> <td>119.93807(54)#</td> <td>2.8(2) s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>120</sup>Ba; ß<sup>+</sup> + p to <sup>119</sup>Cs</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>970.7</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>121</sup>La</th> <td>120.93301(54)#</td> <td>5.3(2) s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>121</sup>Ba; ß<sup>+</sup> + p to <sup>120</sup>Cs</td> <td>11/2-#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>978.78</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>122</sup>La</th> <td>121.93071(32)#</td> <td>8.6(5) s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>122</sup>Ba; ß<sup>+</sup> + p to <sup>121</sup>Cs</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>986.86</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>123</sup>La</th> <td>122.92624(21)#</td> <td>17(3) s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>123</sup>Ba</td> <td>11/2-#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1004.25</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>124</sup>La</th> <td>123.92457(6)</td> <td>29.21(17) s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>124</sup>Ba</td> <td>(7-,8-)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1012.33</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>125</sup>La</th> <td>124.920816(28)</td> <td>64.8(12) s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>125</sup>Ba</td> <td>(11/2-)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1020.41</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>126</sup>La</th> <td>125.91951(10)</td> <td>54(2) s</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>126</sup>Ba</td> <td>(5)(+#)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1037.81</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>127</sup>La</th> <td>126.916375(28)</td> <td>5.1(1) min</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>127</sup>Ba</td> <td>(11/2-)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1045.89</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>128</sup>La</th> <td>127.91559(6)</td> <td>5.18(14) min</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>128</sup>Ba</td> <td>(5+)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1053.96</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>129</sup>La</th> <td>128.912693(22)</td> <td>11.6(2) min</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>129</sup>Ba</td> <td>3/2+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1062.04</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>130</sup>La</th> <td>129.912369(28)</td> <td>8.7(1) min</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>130</sup>Ba</td> <td>3(+)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1070.12</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>131</sup>La</th> <td>130.91007(3)</td> <td>59(2) min</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>131</sup>Ba</td> <td>3/2+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1078.2</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>132</sup>La</th> <td>131.91010(4)</td> <td>4.8(2) h</td> <td>EC to <sup>132</sup>Ba</td> <td>2-</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1086.28</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>133</sup>La</th> <td>132.90822(3)</td> <td>3.912(8) h</td> <td>EC to <sup>133</sup>Ba</td> <td>5/2+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1103.67</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>134</sup>La</th> <td>133.908514(21)</td> <td>6.45(16) min</td> <td>EC to <sup>134</sup>Ba</td> <td>1+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1111.75</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>135</sup>La</th> <td>134.906977(11)</td> <td>19.5(2) h</td> <td>EC to <sup>135</sup>Ba</td> <td>5/2+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1119.83</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>136</sup>La</th> <td>135.90764(6)</td> <td>9.87(3) min</td> <td>EC to <sup>136</sup>Ba</td> <td>1+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1127.91</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>137</sup>La</th> <td>136.906494(14)</td> <td>6(2)E+4 y</td> <td>EC to <sup>137</sup>Ba</td> <td>7/2+</td> <td>2.7</td> <td>1135.99</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>138</sup>La</th> <td>137.907112(4)</td> <td>1.02(1)E+11 y</td> <td>ß<sup>+</sup> to <sup>138</sup>Ba; ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>138</sup>Ce</td> <td>5+</td> <td>3.7139</td> <td>1144.07</td> <td>0.09</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>139</sup>La</th> <td>138.9063533(26)</td> <td>STABLE</td> <td>-</td> <td>7/2+</td> <td>2.7832</td> <td>1152.15</td> <td>99.91</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>140</sup>La</th> <td>139.9094776(26)</td> <td>1.6781(3) d</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>140</sup>Ce</td> <td>3-</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1160.22</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>141</sup>La</th> <td>140.910962(5)</td> <td>3.92(3) h</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>141</sup>Ce</td> <td>(7/2+)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1158.99</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>142</sup>La</th> <td>141.914079(6)</td> <td>91.1(5) min</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>142</sup>Ce</td> <td>2-</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1167.07</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>143</sup>La</th> <td>142.916063(17)</td> <td>14.2(1) min</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>143</sup>Ce</td> <td>(7/2)+</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1175.14</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>144</sup>La</th> <td>143.91960(5)</td> <td>40.8(4) s</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>144</sup>Ce</td> <td>(3-)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1183.22</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>145</sup>La</th> <td>144.92165(10)</td> <td>24.8(20) s</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>145</sup>Ce; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>144</sup>Ce</td> <td>(5/2+)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1181.99</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>146</sup>La</th> <td>145.92579(8)</td> <td>6.27(10) s</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>146</sup>Ce; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>146</sup>Ce</td> <td>2-</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1190.06</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>147</sup>La</th> <td>146.92824(5)</td> <td>4.015(8) s</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>147</sup>Ce; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>146</sup>Ce</td> <td>(5/2+)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1198.14</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>148</sup>La</th> <td>147.93223(6)</td> <td>1.26(8) s</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>148</sup>Ce; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>147</sup>Ce</td> <td>(2-)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1196.91</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>149</sup>La</th> <td>148.93473(34)#</td> <td>1.05(3) s</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>149</sup>Ce; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>148</sup>Ce</td> <td>5/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1204.98</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>150</sup>La</th> <td>149.93877(43)#</td> <td>510(30) ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>150</sup>Ce; ß<sup>-</sup> + n to <sup>149</sup>Ce</td> <td>(3+)</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1213.06</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>151</sup>La</th> <td>150.94172(43)#</td> <td>300# ms [>300 ns]</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>151</sup>Ce</td> <td>5/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1211.82</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>152</sup>La</th> <td>151.94625(43)#</td> <td>200# ms [>300 ns]</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>152</sup>Ce</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1219.9</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>153</sup>La</th> <td>152.94962(64)#</td> <td>150# ms [>300 ns]</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>153</sup>Ce</td> <td>5/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1227.98</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>154</sup>La</th> <td>153.95450(64)#</td> <td>100# ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>154</sup>Ce</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1226.74</td> <td>-</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><sup>155</sup>La</th> <td>154.95835(86)#</td> <td>60# ms</td> <td>ß<sup>-</sup> to <sup>155</sup>Ce</td> <td>5/2+#</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>1234.82</td> <td>-</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.americanelements.com/css/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script> <script src="https://www.americanelements.com/css/slippry.min.js"></script> <div class="scrollup"> ^ </div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ $(window).scroll(function () { if ($(this).scrollTop() > 350) { $('.scrollup').fadeIn(500); 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