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makke fan dit YP-adres ôf [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Myn_oerlis" title="Oerlis oer bewurkings fan dit YP-adres ôf [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webstee"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Ynhâld" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ynhâld</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">nei sydbalke ferplakke</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ferbergje</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Begjin</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-It_Nedersaksyske_Taalgebiet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#It_Nedersaksyske_Taalgebiet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>It Nedersaksyske Taalgebiet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-It_Nedersaksyske_Taalgebiet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Subseksje It Nedersaksyske Taalgebiet omklappe</span> </button> <ul id="toc-It_Nedersaksyske_Taalgebiet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-It_Taalgebiet_yn_Nederlân" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#It_Taalgebiet_yn_Nederlân"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>It Taalgebiet yn Nederlân</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-It_Taalgebiet_yn_Nederlân-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-It_Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske_Taalkontinuum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#It_Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske_Taalkontinuum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>It Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske Taalkontinuum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-It_Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske_Taalkontinuum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sprekkerstal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sprekkerstal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sprekkerstal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sprekkerstal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skiednis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skiednis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Skiednis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skiednis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stavering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stavering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Stavering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stavering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klanklear" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klanklear"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Klanklear</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klanklear-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialekten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialekten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Dialekten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialekten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boarnen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boarnen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Boarnen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boarnen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Ynhâld" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ynhâldsopjefte omklappe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nedersaksysk</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nei it artikel yn in oare taal gean. Beskikber yn 38 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedersaksies" title="Nedersaksies – Afrikaansk" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nedersaksies" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%90%E1%8B%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%9B%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%B2%E1%88%BD" title="ነደርዛክሲሽ – Amhaarsk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ነደርዛክሲሽ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baixo_sax%C3%B3n" title="Baixo saxón – Aragoneesk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Baixo saxón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C3%B0erseaxisc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Niðerseaxisc sprǣc – âldingelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Niðerseaxisc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="âldingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اللغة الألمانية السكسونية الدنيا – Arabysk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الألمانية السكسونية الدنيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%84%D9%89" title="ساكسونى سفلى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساكسونى سفلى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baxu_sax%C3%B3n" title="Baxu saxón – Asturysk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Baxu saxón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nieders%C3%A4chsisch" title="Niedersächsisch – Dútsk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Niedersächsisch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Dútsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_Saxon" title="Low Saxon – Ingelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Low Saxon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajo_saj%C3%B3n" title="Bajo sajón – Spaansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bajo sajón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendebaldeko_behe-aleman" title="Mendebaldeko behe-aleman – Baskysk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mendebaldeko behe-aleman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="آلمانی سفلای غربی – Perzysk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلمانی سفلای غربی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas_saxon" title="Bas saxon – Frânsk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bas saxon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_baixo_saxoa" title="Lingua baixo saxoa – Galisysk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua baixo saxoa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AE_T%C3%A2i-thi_Saxon-ng%C3%AE" title="Sî Tâi-thi Saxon-ngî – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sî Tâi-thi Saxon-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donjosaski_jezik" title="Donjosaski jezik – Kroatysk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Donjosaski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Saksen_Rendah" title="Bahasa Saksen Rendah – Yndonezysk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Saksen Rendah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Yndonezysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialetti_basso-tedeschi_occidentali" title="Dialetti basso-tedeschi occidentali – Italiaansk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dialetti basso-tedeschi occidentali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E3%82%B6%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E8%AA%9E" title="低ザクセン語 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="低ザクセン語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%B6%80_%EC%A0%80%EC%A7%80_%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%96%B4" title="서부 저지 독일어 – Koreaansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서부 저지 독일어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedersaksisch" title="Nedersaksisch – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Nedersaksisch" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_saks%C3%B4na_ambany" title="Fiteny saksôna ambany – Malagasysk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny saksôna ambany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Западнодолногермански дијалекти – Macedonysk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Западнодолногермански дијалекти" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Saxon_Bawah_Belanda" title="Bahasa Saxon Bawah Belanda – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Saxon Bawah Belanda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westnedderd%C3%BC%C3%BCtsch" title="Westnedderdüütsch – Laagduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Westnedderdüütsch" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Laagduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Leegsaksisch_(algemain)" title="West Leegsaksisch (algemain) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="West Leegsaksisch (algemain)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedersaksisch" title="Nedersaksisch – Nederlânsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nedersaksisch" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlânsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestnedertysk" title="Vestnedertysk – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vestnedertysk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekty_zachodniodolnoniemieckie" title="Dialekty zachodniodolnoniemieckie – Poalsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dialekty zachodniodolnoniemieckie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_bass_sasson-a" title="Lenga bass sasson-a – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga bass sasson-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baixo_sax%C3%A3o" title="Baixo saxão – Portugeesk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Baixo saxão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugeesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Нижнесаксонские диалекты – Russysk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нижнесаксонские диалекты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nether-Saxon" title="Nether-Saxon – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Nether-Saxon" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Low_German" title="West Low German – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="West Low German" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksonishtja_e_ul%C3%ABt" title="Saksonishtja e ulët – Albaneesk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Saksonishtja e ulët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedersaksisch" title="Nedersaksisch – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Nedersaksisch" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BD%8E%E5%9C%B0%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="西低地德语 – Sineesk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西低地德语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sineesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BD%8E%E5%9C%B0%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87" title="西低地德文 – Kantoneesk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="西低地德文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoneesk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q168446#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Yntertaalkeppelings bewurkje" class="wbc-editpage">Keppelings bewurkje</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nammeromten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nedersaksysk" title="De sideynhâld sjen litte [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Oerlis:Nedersaksysk" rel="discussion" title="Oerlis oer de sideynhâld [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ut Wikipedy</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fy" dir="ltr"><table class="toccolours vatop infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="float:right; clear:right; width:270px; padding:0px; margin-left:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#98FB98; color:#000000; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold;" align="center" colspan="3">Nedersaksysk </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#98FB98; color:#000000" align="center" colspan="3"><b>algemien</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;">oare namme(n)</td> <td colspan="2">Saksysk </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;">eigen namme</td> <td colspan="2">Nedersassies </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;">lânseigen yn</td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> en Noard-<a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútslân</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;">tal sprekkers</td> <td colspan="2">1.616.000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">skrift</a></td> <td colspan="2">it <a href="/wiki/Latynske_alfabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Latynske alfabet">Latynske alfabet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#98FB98; color:#000000" align="center" colspan="3"><b>taalbesibskip</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Taalfamylje" title="Taalfamylje">taalfamylje</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Yndo-Jeropeesk" class="mw-redirect" title="Yndo-Jeropeesk">Yndo-Jeropeesk</a> - <a href="/wiki/Germaansk" class="mw-redirect" title="Germaansk">Germaansk</a> - <a href="/wiki/Westgermaansk" title="Westgermaansk">Westgermaansk</a> - <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAdwestgermaansk" title="Súdwestgermaansk">Súdwestgermaansk</a> - <a href="/wiki/Nederfrankysk-Nedersaksyske_talen" title="Nederfrankysk-Nedersaksyske talen">Nederfrankysk-Nedersaksysk</a> - <a href="/wiki/Nedersaksyske_talen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nedersaksyske talen">Nedersaksysk</a> - <b>Nedersaksysk</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt">dialekten</a></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hegel%C3%A2nsk" title="Hegelânsk">Hegelânsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westerkertiersk" title="Westerkertiersk">Westerkertiersk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pompstersk" title="Pompstersk">Pompstersk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grinzersk" title="Grinzersk">Grinzersk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aldamtsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aldamtsk (noch net skreaun)">Aldamtsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westerw%C3%A2ldsk" title="Westerwâldsk">Westerwâldsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Feankoloniaalsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Feankoloniaalsk (noch net skreaun)">Feankoloniaalsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noarddrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noarddrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Noarddrintsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middendrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middendrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Middendrintsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BAddrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Súddrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Súddrintsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stellingwerfsk" title="Stellingwerfsk">Stellingwerfsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urksk" title="Urksk">Urksk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sall%C3%A2nsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sallânsk (noch net skreaun)">Sallânsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skoanebeeksk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skoanebeeksk (noch net skreaun)">Skoanebeeksk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twintsk (noch net skreaun)">Twintsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twintsk-Efterhoeksk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twintsk-Efterhoeksk (noch net skreaun)">Twintsk-Efterhoeksk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Efterhoeksk" class="mw-redirect" title="Efterhoeksk">Efterhoeksk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noardfeluwsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noardfeluwsk (noch net skreaun)">Noardfeluwsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastfeluwsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastfeluwsk (noch net skreaun)">Eastfeluwsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Westfeluwsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westfeluwsk (noch net skreaun)">Westfeluwsk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#98FB98; color:#000000" align="center" colspan="3"><b>taalstatus</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Offisjele_taal" title="Offisjele taal">offisjele status</a></td> <td colspan="2">it Nedersaksysk genietet yn <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> erkenning as minderheidstaal </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#98FB98; color:#000000" align="center" colspan="3"><b>taalkoades</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-1</a></td> <td colspan="2">n.f.t. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-2</a></td> <td colspan="2">nds </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639-3</a></td> <td colspan="2">nds </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>It <b>Nedersaksysk</b> is in taal dy't heart ta de <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAdwestgermaanske_talen" title="Súdwestgermaanske talen">Súdwestgermaanske kloft</a> fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Westgermaanske_talen" title="Westgermaanske talen">Westgermaanske talen</a> en sprutsen wurdt yn it noardlik diel fan <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútslân</a> en noardeastlik <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a>. Foarhinne waard it wol Saksysk of gewoan "Plat" neamd, mar ornaris brûke de sprekkers foar harren taal de namme fan har eigen dialekt (dus "Stellingwerfsk" of "Twintsk"), or oars ek wol <i>Plat</i>. De beneaming "Nedersaksysk" wie oant 'e jierren njoggentich fan 'e tweintichste iuw frijwol útslutend bekend ûnder taalkundigen, mar wurdt no algemiener brûkt. </p><p>It Nedersaksysk hat yn <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> erkenning as minderheidstaal en is yn <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> troch it Nederlânske regear opjûn ûnder Diel II fan it Jeropeesk Ferdrach foar Streek- en Minderheidstalen. Nedersaksyske taalstriders stribje lykwols nei in hegere erkenning, ûnder Diel III, sa't it <a href="/wiki/Frysk" title="Frysk">Frysk</a> dy hat. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="It_Nedersaksyske_Taalgebiet">It Nedersaksyske Taalgebiet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Dielside bewurkje: It Nedersaksyske Taalgebiet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: It Nedersaksyske Taalgebiet"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="It_Taalgebiet_yn_Nederlân"><span id="It_Taalgebiet_yn_Nederl.C3.A2n"></span>It Taalgebiet yn Nederlân</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Dielside bewurkje: It Taalgebiet yn Nederlân" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: It Taalgebiet yn Nederlân"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It Nedersaksysk wurdt sprutsen yn hast de hiele noardeastlike helt fan <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a>. It Nedersaksyske taalgebiet omfettet: </p> <ul><li>de folsleine provinsje <a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2n" title="Grinslân">Grinslân</a> (yn it súdwesten wurdt ek Wâldfrysk sprutsen;</li> <li>de folsleine provinsje <a href="/wiki/Drinte" title="Drinte">Drinte</a>;</li> <li>de folsleine provinsje <a href="/wiki/Oerisel" title="Oerisel">Oerisel</a>;</li> <li>yn 'e provinsje <a href="/wiki/Gelderl%C3%A2n" title="Gelderlân">Gelderlân</a> it gebiet benoarden de line Lunteren-Dieren en beëasten de line Zelhem-Ulft;</li> <li>yn 'e provinsje Fryslân: <ul><li>de <a href="/wiki/Stellingwerven" title="Stellingwerven">Stellingwerven</a> (útsein de Frysktalige doarpen <a href="/wiki/Haulerwyk" title="Haulerwyk">Haulerwyk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appelskea" title="Appelskea">Appelskea</a> en <a href="/wiki/Waskemar" title="Waskemar">Waskemar</a>) yn it súdeasten;</li> <li>fjouwer doarpen (<a href="/wiki/Kollumerpomp" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollumerpomp">Kollumerpomp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muntsjesyl" title="Muntsjesyl">Muntsjesyl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warfsterm%C3%BBne" title="Warfstermûne">Warfstermûne</a> en <a href="/wiki/Boerum" title="Boerum">Boerum</a>) yn eastlik <a href="/wiki/Kollumerl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollumerlân">Kollumerlân</a>, yn it noardeasten</li></ul></li> <li>yn 'e provinsje <a href="/wiki/Flevol%C3%A2n" title="Flevolân">Flevolân</a> it eardere eilân <a href="/wiki/Urk" title="Urk">Urk</a>, yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Noardeastpolder" title="Noardeastpolder">Noardeastpolder</a>;</li> <li>en yn 'e provinsje <a href="/wiki/Utert_(provinsje)" title="Utert (provinsje)">Utert</a> it uterste noardeasten, de omkriten fan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spakenboarch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spakenboarch (noch net skreaun)">Spakenboarch</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bunskoaten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bunskoaten (noch net skreaun)">Bunskoaten</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="It_Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske_Taalkontinuum"><span id="It_Nedersaksysk-Nederd.C3.BAtske_Taalkontinuum"></span>It Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske Taalkontinuum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Dielside bewurkje: It Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske Taalkontinuum" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: It Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske Taalkontinuum"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De dialekten fan it Nedersaksysk foarmje ien <a href="/wiki/Taalkontinuum" class="mw-redirect" title="Taalkontinuum">taalkontinuum</a> mei de <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútske</a> dialekten fan noardlik <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútslân</a>. Dêrom wurde alle dialekten fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Feluwe" title="Feluwe">Feluwe</a> oant <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> grins beskôge as hearrend ta ien taal, ek al bestiet der gjin standerdisearre foarm fan. Yn <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> wurdt dy taal Nedersaksysk neamd en yn <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútslân</a> <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a> of Platdútsk. </p><p>Der bestiet lykwols in frij grut - en tsjintwurdich fluch groeiend - ferskil tusken it Nedersaksysk en it <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a>, want wylst it Nedersaksysk ûnder druk fan it <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2nsk" title="Nederlânsk">Nederlânsk</a> stiet en hieltyd mear eigenskippen út dy taal oernimt, hat it <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a> te krijen mei de sterke ynfloed fan it <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsk" title="Dútsk">Dútsk</a>, dy't it in oare kant útdriuwt. Sokke ferskillen binne benammen werom te finen as men sjocht nei de ûntliening fan nije wurden en nei de stavering - sa hat it <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a> de saneamde <i>Großschreibung</i> (it skriuwen fan haadwurden mei haadletters) oernommen fan it <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsk" title="Dútsk">Dútsk</a>, wylst dat ferskynsel yn 'e stavering fan 'e Nedersaksyske dialekten fan <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> nearne foarkomt. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/0/07/L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk.GIF/220px-L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk.GIF" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/0/07/L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk.GIF/330px-L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/0/07/L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk.GIF 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption>It Nedersaksysk taalgebiet yn Nederlân.</figcaption></figure> <p>Foarhinne waard it <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a> ek sprutsen yn 'e noardlike Dútske gebieten fan wat no <a href="/wiki/Poalen" title="Poalen">Poalen</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Rusl%C3%A2n" title="Ruslân">Russyske</a> provinsje <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_(provinsje)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaliningrad (provinsje)">Kaliningrad</a> en súdwestlik <a href="/wiki/Litouwen" title="Litouwen">Litouwen</a> binne, mar sûnt 'e ferdriuwing fan it meastepart fan 'e <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsers" title="Dútsers">Dútske</a> befolking dêrwei, oan 'e ein fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Twadde_Wr%C3%A2ldkriich" title="Twadde Wrâldkriich">Twadde Wrâldkriich</a>, wurdt it dêr net of frijwol net mear sprutsen. </p><p>Wat de sprekkers sels oangiet, hawwe de Nedersaksysktaligen yn <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> der oer it algemien gjin muoite mei om oan te nimmen dat yn noardlik <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútslân</a> itselde soarte dialekten sprutsen wurdt. Oarsom wol it lykwols de measte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nederd%C3%BAtsers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nederdútsers (noch net skreaun)">Nederdútsers</a> net oan dat harren taal trochrint op Nederlânsk grûngebiet. Yn dit ferbân moat fernijd wurde dat yn Jeropeesk ferbân sawol it Nedersaksysk (yn it <a href="/wiki/Ingelsk" title="Ingelsk">Ingelsk</a> <i>Low Saxon</i>) as it <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a> (yn it <a href="/wiki/Ingelsk" title="Ingelsk">Ingelsk</a> <i>Low German</i>) erkenning as minderheidstaal genietet, mar sûnder dat se mei safolle wurden as ien taal erkend wurde. </p><p>Njonken it <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a> is it Nedersaksysk ek nau besibbe oan it <a href="/wiki/Minnisted%C3%BAtsk" title="Minnistedútsk">Minnistedútsk</a>, dat him fan 'e sechstjinde iuw ôf ûnder Nederdútske kolonistemienskippen yn <a href="/wiki/Poalen" title="Poalen">Poalen</a> en letter <a href="/wiki/Rusl%C3%A2n" title="Ruslân">Ruslân</a> ûntjûn hat. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sprekkerstal">Sprekkerstal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Dielside bewurkje: Sprekkerstal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Sprekkerstal"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk_en_nederd%C3%BAtsk.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/7/75/L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk_en_nederd%C3%BAtsk.GIF/220px-L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk_en_nederd%C3%BAtsk.GIF" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/7/75/L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk_en_nederd%C3%BAtsk.GIF/330px-L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk_en_nederd%C3%BAtsk.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/7/75/L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk_en_nederd%C3%BAtsk.GIF/440px-L%C3%A2nkaart_lokaasje_nedersaksysk_en_nederd%C3%BAtsk.GIF 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption>It hjoeddeiske en it eardere Nedersaksysk-Nederdútske taalgebiet.</figcaption></figure> <p>It tal sprekkers fan it Nedersaksysk (yn <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a>) bedroech neffens in skatting út <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a> likernôch ien miljoen, mar dat liket wol in lyts bytsje foar sa'n grut taalgebiet. In telling út 2003 smiet in oantal fan 1.616.000 sprekkers op, ynklusyf 150.000 sprekkers om utens, yn 'e rest fan <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> (fral de <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A2nest%C3%AAd" title="Rânestêd">Rânestêd</a>) en yn it bûtenlân (<a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austraalje_(l%C3%A2n)" title="Austraalje (lân)">Austraalje</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Feriene_Steaten_fan_Amearika" class="mw-redirect" title="Feriene Steaten fan Amearika">Feriene Steaten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nij-Seel%C3%A2n" title="Nij-Seelân">Nij-Seelân</a>). De 1.466.000 sprekkers dy't yn it Nedersaksyske taalgebiet wenje, foarmje 9,1% fan 'e Nederlânske befolking en binne oer de ûnderskate regio's te ferdielen lykas oanjûn yn 'e ûndersteande tabel. Men moat al betinke dat it hjirby foar in bûtenproporsjoneel grut part om âlderen giet en dat it sprekkerstal dêrom fluch ôfnimt. </p> <table align="centre"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table border="1" align="right" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="300" style="background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">Nedersaksyske gebieten </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">tal sprekkers </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">persintaazje fan 'e befolking yn dat gebiet </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Twinte" title="Twinte">Twinte</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">338.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">62% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2n" title="Grinslân">Grinslân</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">258.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">46% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Drinte" title="Drinte">Drinte</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">248.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">53% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">de <a href="/wiki/Efterhoeke" class="mw-redirect" title="Efterhoeke">Efterhoeke</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">216.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">60% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Sall%C3%A2n" title="Sallân">Sallân</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">172.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">35% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">de <a href="/wiki/Feluwe" title="Feluwe">Feluwe</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">172.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">30% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Stienwikerl%C3%A2n" title="Stienwikerlân">Stienwikerlân</a><br />(de <a href="/wiki/Kop_fan_Oerisel" title="Kop fan Oerisel">Kop fan Oerisel</a>) </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">20.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">48% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Urk" title="Urk">Urk</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">15.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">97% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Weststellingwerf" title="Weststellingwerf">Weststellingwerf</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">14.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">53% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Eaststellingwerf" title="Eaststellingwerf">Eaststellingwerf</a><br />(Haulerwyk en Waskemar net meirekkene) </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">7.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">30% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">noardeastlik <a href="/wiki/Utert_(provinsje)" title="Utert (provinsje)">Utert</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">5.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">12% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">eastlik <a href="/wiki/Kollumerl%C3%A2n" class="mw-redirect" title="Kollumerlân">Kollumerlân</a> </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">1.000 </td> <td style="border: 1px #aaaaaa solid;">50% </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skiednis">Skiednis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Dielside bewurkje: Skiednis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Skiednis"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It Nedersaksysk is ûntstien út it <a href="/wiki/Aldsaksysk" title="Aldsaksysk">Aldsaksysk</a>. It is oerlevere fan 'e njoggende iuw ôf, útsein in doopûnthjit út 'e achtste iuw, dêr't de ôf te swarren heidenske goaden mei namme yn neamd wurde: "<i>(...) end ec forsacho allum dioboles uuercum and uuordum, Thunaer ende Uuôden ende Saxnôte ende allum them unholdum the hira genôtas sint (...)</i>" ("(...) en ik fersaakje alle wurken en wurden fan 'e duvel, Doanar en Woadan en Saksnot, en al dy duvels dy't harren genoaten binne (...)"). </p><p>De wichtichste Aldsaksyske tekst is de <i>Heliand</i> ("Heilân"), in yn 'e midden fan 'e njoggende iuw skreaun epos oer it libben en de lear fan <a href="/wiki/Jezus_Kristus" class="mw-redirect" title="Jezus Kristus">Jezus Kristus</a>, dêr't 5.983 rigels yn stêfrym fan bewarre bleaun binne. </p><p>Tusken <a href="/wiki/1200" title="1200">1200</a> en <a href="/wiki/1600" title="1600">1600</a> ûntjoech it <a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a> him yn noardlik <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAtsl%C3%A2n" title="Dútslân">Dútslân</a> en it <a href="/wiki/Eastsee" title="Eastsee">Eastseegebiet</a> ta in tige wichtige en ynfloedrike standertskriuw- en -sprektaal, mei troch de ynfloed fan de <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A2nze" title="Hânze">Hânze</a>. Mar yn 'e <a href="/wiki/Nederlannen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nederlannen">Nederlannen</a> kaam krekt yn dy tiid earst it <a href="/wiki/Flaamsk" title="Flaamsk">Flaamsk</a>-<a href="/wiki/Brab%C3%A2nsk" title="Brabânsk">Brabânsk</a> en letter it <a href="/wiki/Holl%C3%A2nsk" title="Hollânsk">Hollânsk</a> op as dominante taal en doe't de Hânze yn macht tebek rûn koe it Nedersaksysk him dêrtroch net langer op deselde manear ûnwikkelje. (It <a href="/wiki/Flaamsk" title="Flaamsk">Flaamsk</a>-<a href="/wiki/Brab%C3%A2nsk" title="Brabânsk">Brabânsk</a> as it <a href="/wiki/Holl%C3%A2nsk" title="Hollânsk">Hollânsk</a> - en letter ek it <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2nsk" title="Nederlânsk">Standertnederlânsk</a> - waarden yn dy tiid ek "Nederdútsk" neamd, tsjin it Heechdútsk oer, wat wat betizing jaan kin.) In hoart waard der yn 'e noardeastlike parten fan 'e <a href="/wiki/Nederlannen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nederlannen">Nederlannen</a> in tuskenfoarm tusken it Nedersaksysk en it <a href="/wiki/Flaamsk" title="Flaamsk">Flaamsk</a>-<a href="/wiki/Brab%C3%A2nsk" title="Brabânsk">Brabânsk</a> propagearre ûnder de namme "Eastersk" (<i>Oostersch</i>), mar dy koe de konkurrinsje mei sawol it <a href="/wiki/Flaamsk" title="Flaamsk">Flaamsk</a>-<a href="/wiki/Brab%C3%A2nsk" title="Brabânsk">Brabânsk</a> as de eigen Nedersaksyske dialekten net oan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stavering">Stavering</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Dielside bewurkje: Stavering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Stavering"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It Nedersaksysk hat gjin standerttaal en sil dy yn 'e neie takomst nei alle gedachten ek net krije; elts besykjen om ta in standerdisearre foarm te kommen, wurdt ôfwiisd as wêzensfrjemd troch it grutte ferskaat oan fral mûnling brûkte dialekten. Fierders hat it Nedersaksysk ek gjin ienheidsstavering; de ferskillende dialekten hawwe faak mear as ien stavering. De measte meitsje gebrûk fan letters mei diakrityske tekens, lykas "ü" (foar "ú") en "ö" of "ù"(lykas yn it Dútske "Köln"). Ek it brûken fan kombinaasjes fan lûden komt foar, bygelyks "ao" of "oa" foar de lûden dy't yn it <a href="/wiki/Frysk" title="Frysk">Frysk</a> stavere wurde as "â" of "ô". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klanklear">Klanklear</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Dielside bewurkje: Klanklear" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Klanklear"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It Nedersaksysk ûnderskiedt him fan it <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2nsk" title="Nederlânsk">Nederlânsk</a> ûnder mear troch it behâld fan 'e "l" yn 'e foarmen "<i>-old</i>" en "<i>-olt</i>", lykas yn "<i>old</i>" ("âld"), "<i>kold</i>" ("kâld") en "<i>holt</i>" ("hout"). Yn it <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2nsk" title="Nederlânsk">Nederlânsk</a> wurde dy diftongere ta "<i>oud</i>", "<i>koud</i>" en "<i>hout</i>". Ek is de "i" net ferbrede ta "ij"; ferlykje Nedersaksysk "<i>kiken</i>", <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2nsk" title="Nederlânsk">Nederlânsk</a> "<i>kijken</i>" ("sjen"). Fierders is de "r" oan 'e ein fan wurden of foar in "t" stom. </p><p>Allinne de Twintske tiidwurden hawwe noch de âlde meartalútgong op -t: "<i>wiej haalt</i>" ("wy helje"), "<i>iej goat</i>" ("jimme geane" of "jo geane") en "<i>zee doot</i>" ("sy dogge"). </p><p>Opfallend is fierders dat de letters "z", "g" en "v" yn 'e midden fan wurden fuortfalle mei ferlangering fan it foargeande lûd. Dus "<i>wezen</i>" ("wêze") wurdt útsprutsen as "wên" en "<i>wagen</i>" ("wein") as "waang". Dit ferskynsel hat ek it ferkoartsjen fan 'e plaknamme "Deventer" ta "Dêmter" feroarsake (en sadwaande ta "Dimter" yn it <a href="/wiki/Frysk" title="Frysk">Frysk</a> laat). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dialekten">Dialekten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Dielside bewurkje: Dialekten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Dialekten"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ofbyld:L%C3%A2nkaart_nedersaksyske_dialektgroepen.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/5/59/L%C3%A2nkaart_nedersaksyske_dialektgroepen.GIF/220px-L%C3%A2nkaart_nedersaksyske_dialektgroepen.GIF" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/thumb/5/59/L%C3%A2nkaart_nedersaksyske_dialektgroepen.GIF/330px-L%C3%A2nkaart_nedersaksyske_dialektgroepen.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fy/5/59/L%C3%A2nkaart_nedersaksyske_dialektgroepen.GIF 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="503" /></a><figcaption>De Nedersaksyske dialektgroepen.</figcaption></figure> <p>Der wurde yn <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Nederlân">Nederlân</a> tweintich Nedersaksyske dialekten ûnderskieden. Dy dialekten binne yn te dielen yn fiif dialektgroepen: it <a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2nsk" title="Grinslânsk">Grinslânsk</a>, dêr't ek it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noarddrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noarddrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Noarddrintsk</a> ta heart, it <a href="/wiki/Kollumerl%C3%A2nsk" title="Kollumerlânsk">Kollumerlânsk</a>, it <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BAddrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Súddrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Súddrintsk</a>, it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middendrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middendrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Middendrintsk</a>, it <a href="/wiki/Stellingwerfsk" title="Stellingwerfsk">Stellingwerfsk</a>, it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geldersk-Oeriselsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geldersk-Oeriselsk (noch net skreaun)">Geldersk-Oeriselsk</a>, it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twintsk (noch net skreaun)">Twintsk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Twintsk-Greefskipsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twintsk-Greefskipsk (noch net skreaun)">Twintsk-Greefskipsk</a> en it <a href="/wiki/Feluwsk" title="Feluwsk">Feluwsk</a>. </p><p>Yn it gruttere Nedersaksysk-<a href="/wiki/Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Nederdútsk">Nederdútske</a> ferbân slút it Nedersaksysk oan by de Westnederdútske dialekten; it <a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2nsk" title="Grinslânsk">Grinslânsk</a> by de Noardsaksyske kloft dêrfan en de fjouwer oare Nedersaksyske dialektgroepen by de Westfaalske kloft. It ferskil tusken it <a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2nsk" title="Grinslânsk">Grinslânsk</a> en de oare fjouwer dialektgroepen leit him fierhinne oan it bestean fan in <a href="/wiki/Frysk" title="Frysk">Fryske</a> <a href="/wiki/Substraattaal" title="Substraattaal">substraattaal</a> yn syn taalgebiet. </p><p>De folsleine dialektyndieling fan it Nedersaksysk is as folget: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westerkertiersk" title="Westerkertiersk">Westerkertiersk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pompstersk" title="Pompstersk">Pompstersk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollumerl%C3%A2nsk" title="Kollumerlânsk">Kollumerlânsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middagl%C3%A2nsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middaglânsk (noch net skreaun)">Middaglânsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middenwesterkertiersk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middenwesterkertiersk (noch net skreaun)">Middenwesterkertiersk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BAdwesterkertiersk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Súdwesterkertiersk (noch net skreaun)">Súdwesterkertiersk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2nsk" title="Grinslânsk">Grinslânsk</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noarddrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noarddrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Noarddrintsk</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aldamtsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aldamtsk (noch net skreaun)">Aldamtsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feankoloniaalsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Feankoloniaalsk (noch net skreaun)">Feankoloniaalsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinzersk" title="Grinzersk">Grinzersk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegel%C3%A2nsk" title="Hegelânsk">Hegelânsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerw%C3%A2ldsk" title="Westerwâldsk">Westerwâldsk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middendrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middendrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Middendrintsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BAddrintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Súddrintsk (noch net skreaun)">Súddrintsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellingwerfsk" title="Stellingwerfsk">Stellingwerfsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geldersk-Oeriselsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geldersk-Oeriselsk (noch net skreaun)">Geldersk-Oeriselsk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efterhoeksk" class="mw-redirect" title="Efterhoeksk">Efterhoeksk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sall%C3%A2nsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sallânsk (noch net skreaun)">Sallânsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urksk" title="Urksk">Urksk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twintsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twintsk (noch net skreaun)">Twintsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twintsk-Greefskipsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twintsk-Greefskipsk (noch net skreaun)">Twintsk-Greefskipsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feluwsk" title="Feluwsk">Feluwsk</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastfeluwsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastfeluwsk (noch net skreaun)">Eastfeluwsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Westfeluwsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westfeluwsk (noch net skreaun)">Westfeluwsk</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p>It meast emansipearre fan al dizze dialekten is it <a href="/wiki/Stellingwerfsk" title="Stellingwerfsk">Stellingwerfsk</a>, mei't dat yn it skaad fan in sterkere minderheidstaal (it <a href="/wiki/Frysk" title="Frysk">Frysk</a>) bestiet en him dêr sawol tsjin ôfset as oan oplûkt. Stellingwerfsk wurdt - fanwegen de ynfloed fan it <a href="/wiki/Frysk" title="Frysk">Frysk</a> dy't it ûndergien hat - ek wolris yndield by de <a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2nsk" title="Grinslânsk">Grinslânske</a> dialekgroep. </p><p>It fitaalste dialekt is it <a href="/wiki/Urksk" title="Urksk">Urksk</a>, dat op <a href="/wiki/Urk" title="Urk">Urk</a> troch hast elkenien sprutsen wurdt. </p><p>It meast ôfwikende dialekt wie foarhinne it isolearre <a href="/wiki/Westerw%C3%A2ldsk" title="Westerwâldsk">Westerwâldsk</a>, yn eastlik <a href="/wiki/Grinsl%C3%A2n" title="Grinslân">Grinslân</a>, mar sûnt 'e drûchlizzing fan 'e feanmoerassen yn dy kontreien hat dat syn eigen, ôfwikende foarmen falle litten en minder ôfwikende foarmen oernaam út 'e oangrinzgjende dialekten, benammen út it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aldamtsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aldamtsk (noch net skreaun)">Aldamtsk</a>. </p><p>De no noch it meast fan it Nederlânsk ôfwikende Nedersaksyske dialekten binne it Grinslânsk yn syn heel en it Eastlik Twintsk. </p><p>Yn de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Limers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limers (noch net skreaun)">Limers</a>, yn súdeastlik <a href="/wiki/Gelderl%C3%A2n" title="Gelderlân">Gelderlân</a>, en yn 'e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gelderske_Delling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gelderske Delling (noch net skreaun)">Gelderske Delling</a>, yn eastlik <a href="/wiki/Utert_(provinsje)" title="Utert (provinsje)">Utert</a> en westlik <a href="/wiki/Gelderl%C3%A2n" title="Gelderlân">Gelderlân</a>, wurde oergongsdialekten tusken it <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2nsk" title="Nederlânsk">Nederlânsk</a> en it Nedersaksysk sprutsen (it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Limersk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limersk (noch net skreaun)">Limersk</a> resp. it <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eeml%C3%A2nsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eemlânsk (noch net skreaun)">Eemlânsk</a>). Dy beide farianten wurde lykwols beskôge as dialekten fan it <a href="/wiki/Nederl%C3%A2nsk" title="Nederlânsk">Nederlânsk</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boarnen">Boarnen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Dielside bewurkje: Boarnen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewurkje seksje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Boarnen"><span>boarne bewurkje</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bloemhoff, H., <i>Stellingwerfs</i>, De Haach, 2002.</li> <li>Crystal, D., <i>The Penguin Dictionary of Language (second edition)</i>, Londen, 1999.</li> <li>Feenstra, H., <i>Duizend jaar Gronings taallandschap</i>, Bedum, 1998.</li> <li>Gorter, D., en Jonkman, R.J., <i>Taal yn Fryslân op 'e Nij Besjoen</i>, Ljouwert, 1995.</li> <li>Hofstra, T., <i>Oudnoors I</i>, Grins, 1996.</li> <li>Jansma, K., <i>Friesland en zijn 44 gemeenten</i>, Ljouwert, 1981.</li> <li>Nieuwenhuijsen, P.M., <i>Het Verschijnsel Taal</i>, Bussum, 1995.</li> <li>Reker, S., <i>Gronings</i>, De Haach, 2002.</li> <li>Sijs, N. van der, ûnder redaksje fan, <i>Taaltrots - Purisme in een Veertigtal Talen</i>, Amsterdam/Antwerpen, 1999.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Opfrege fan "<a dir="ltr" href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&oldid=953281">https://fy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nedersaksysk&oldid=953281</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wiki:Kategoryen" title="Wiki:Kategoryen">Kategoryen</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategory:Nedersaksysk" title="Kategory:Nedersaksysk">Nedersaksysk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategory:Nederd%C3%BAtsk" title="Kategory:Nederdútsk">Nederdútsk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategory:Westgermaanske_talen" title="Kategory:Westgermaanske talen">Westgermaanske talen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategory:Taal_yn_Nederl%C3%A2n" title="Kategory:Taal yn Nederlân">Taal yn Nederlân</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategory:Taal_yn_Frysl%C3%A2n" title="Kategory:Taal yn Fryslân">Taal yn Fryslân</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Dizze side is it lêst bewurke op 18 mrt 2019 om 23.25.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beskikber ûnder de lisinsje <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fy">Creative Commons Nammefermelding-Lyk diele</a>; der kinne oanfoljende betingsten fan tapassing wêze. 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