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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a 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</div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-SEN的九大類別" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SEN的九大類別"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>SEN的九大類別</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SEN的九大類別-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地區發展" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地區發展"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>地區發展</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地區發展-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关地區發展子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-地區發展-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-香港" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#香港"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>香港</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-香港-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-融合教育政策簡要" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#融合教育政策簡要"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>融合教育政策簡要</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-融合教育政策簡要-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-發展" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#發展"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>發展</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-發展-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-問題" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#問題"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>問題</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-問題-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中国大陆" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中国大陆"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>中国大陆</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中国大陆-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閱讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>延伸閱讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">融合教育</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schulische_Integration" title="Schulische Integration – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schulische Integration" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainstreaming_(education)" title="Mainstreaming (education) – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mainstreaming (education)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusion_scolaire" title="Inclusion scolaire – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Inclusion scolaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9A" title="שילוב בחינוך – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שילוב בחינוך" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="統合教育 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="統合教育" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3_(%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Мэйнстриминг (образование) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мэйнстриминг (образование)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayna%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rma_(e%C4%9Fitim)" title="Kaynaştırma (eğitim) – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kaynaştırma (eğitim)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2251268#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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.sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccf;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" title="身心障礙">身心障礙</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Disability_symbols.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Disability_symbols.svg/150px-Disability_symbols.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Disability_symbols.svg/225px-Disability_symbols.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Disability_symbols.svg/300px-Disability_symbols.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="408" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">理论与模式</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身心障礙研究" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Disability studies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障礙研究（页面不存在）">身心障礙理論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability_studies" class="extiw" title="en:Disability studies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Disability studies</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身心障碍歧视" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ableism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D%E6%AD%A7%E8%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障碍歧视（页面不存在）">身心障碍歧视</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ableism" class="extiw" title="en:Ableism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ableism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身心障碍的医学模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Medical model of disability"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障碍的医学模式（页面不存在）">医学模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_model_of_disability" class="extiw" title="en:Medical model of disability"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Medical model of disability</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身心障碍社会模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social model of disability"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障碍社会模式（页面不存在）">社会模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_model_of_disability" class="extiw" title="en:Social model of disability"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social model of disability</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">教育</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">主流化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8B%E5%88%A5%E5%8C%96%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="個別化教育計畫">個別化教育計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="特殊需要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Special needs"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="特殊需要（页面不存在）">特殊需要</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_needs" class="extiw" title="en:Special needs"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Special needs</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" title="特殊學校">特殊學校</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="特殊教育">特殊教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" title="學習障礙">學習障礙</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">融合教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E9%A6%AC%E6%9C%83%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E9%9B%99%E8%AA%9E%E5%85%B1%E8%9E%8D%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="賽馬會手語雙語共融教育計劃">賽馬會手語雙語共融教育計劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E8%BC%94%E5%8A%A9%E6%95%99%E5%AD%B8%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="手語輔助教學計劃">手語輔助教學計劃</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">治疗</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82" title="物理治療">物理治療</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B7%E8%83%BD%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82" title="職能治療">職能治療</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82" title="言語治療">語言治療</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%BD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="聽力學">聽力治療</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">社会影响</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身心障礙者權利運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Disability rights movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E8%80%85%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%A9%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障礙者權利運動（页面不存在）">身心障礙者權利運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability_rights_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Disability rights movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Disability rights movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%B9_(%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E8%80%85%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%A9)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="包容 (身心障礙者權利)（页面不存在）">包容</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%BA%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以人为优先的语言（页面不存在）">以人为优先的语言</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E5%90%AB%E8%B4%AC%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障碍相关含贬义的术语列表（页面不存在）">贬义词</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">个人 / 肢体协助</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95" title="日常生活活動">日常生活活動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%9D%E5%85%B7" title="裝具">裝具</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E9%AB%94" title="假體">義肢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E5%8A%A9%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="輔助技術">輔具</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E8%81%BD%E5%99%A8" title="助聽器">助聽器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E8%80%B3%E8%9C%97" title="人工耳蜗">人工耳蜗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83" title="無障礙環境">無障礙環境</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="通用設計">通用設計</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%BD%A9%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="色彩通用設計">色彩通用設計</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%E6%97%A0%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D" title="网站无障碍">網頁親和力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%9A%9C%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="無障消費計劃">無障消費計劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF" title="手語翻譯">手語翻譯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%BE%E4%BA%BA%E8%AD%AF%E8%80%85" title="聾人譯者">聾人譯者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E" title="手語新聞">手語新聞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF%E5%93%A1%E4%BC%B4%E8%AE%80" title="手語翻譯員伴讀">手語翻譯員伴讀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%81%E8%BF%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9B%83" title="手語旁述世界盃">手語旁述世界盃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E8%80%B3%E6%89%8B%E8%AD%AF%E5%AF%B6" title="龍耳手譯寶">龍耳手譯寶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9" title="透明口罩">透明口罩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E8%AD%A6%E9%96%83%E7%87%88" title="火警閃燈">火警閃燈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%83%E7%87%88%E9%96%80%E9%90%98" title="閃燈門鐘">閃燈門鐘</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">社会经济援助</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%AE%8B%E9%9A%9C%E4%BF%9D%E9%99%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会安全残障保险（页面不存在）">社会安全残障保险</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A5%E5%85%85%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%9C%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="补充保障收入（页面不存在）">补充保障收入</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E6%B4%A5%E8%B4%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障礙生活津贴（页面不存在）">身心障礙生活津贴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B7%E6%AE%98%E6%B4%A5%E8%B2%BC" title="傷殘津貼">傷殘津貼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%80%85%E5%8F%8A%E5%90%88%E8%B3%87%E6%A0%BC%E6%AE%98%E7%96%BE%E4%BA%BA%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%A5%A8%E5%83%B9%E5%84%AA%E6%83%A0%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="長者及合資格殘疾人士公共交通票價優惠計劃">長者及合資格殘疾人士公共交通票價優惠計劃</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">群体及组织</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AE%8B%E7%96%BE%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="残疾研究学会（页面不存在）">残疾研究学会</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AE%8B%E7%96%BE%E4%BA%BA%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="残疾人国际协会（页面不存在）">残疾人国际协会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%AE%8B%E7%96%BE%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BC%9A" title="中国残疾人联合会">中国残疾人联合会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E6%99%BA%E9%9A%9C%E4%BA%BA%E5%A3%AB%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E4%BF%83%E8%BF%9B%E4%BC%9A" title="新加坡智障人士福利促进会">新加坡智障人士福利促进会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E8%80%B3" title="龍耳">龍耳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E8%80%B3%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96" title="龍耳電視">龍耳電視</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%95%99%E5%B9%B3%E6%AC%8A" title="特教平權">特教平權</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%8F%8A%E8%81%BE%E4%BA%BA%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="香港中文大學手語及聾人研究中心">香港中文大學手語及聾人研究中心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E5%8A%87%E5%9C%98" title="無障礙劇團">無障礙劇團</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身心障礙者體育" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Disabled sports"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E8%80%85%E9%AB%94%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障礙者體育（页面不存在）">身心障礙者體育</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disabled_sports" class="extiw" title="en:Disabled sports"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Disabled sports</span></a></span>）</span></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="世界特殊奥林匹克运动会">特殊奥林匹克运动会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%8B%E7%96%BE%E4%BA%BA%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="残疾人奥林匹克运动会">帕拉林匹克運動會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%BD%E9%9A%9C%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" title="聽障奧林匹克運動會">聽障奧林匹克運動會</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身心障礙文化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Disability culture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障礙文化（页面不存在）">身心障礙文化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability_culture" class="extiw" title="en:Disability culture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Disability culture</span></a></span>）</span></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E9%87%8C%E7%9A%84%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="艺术里的身心障碍（页面不存在）">艺术里的身心障碍</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身心障礙藝術（页面不存在）">身心障礙藝術</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="媒体上的身心障碍（页面不存在）">媒体上的身心障碍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%BE%E4%BA%BA%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="聾人文化">聾人文化</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Handicapped_Accessible_sign.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Handicapped_Accessible_sign.svg/28px-Handicapped_Accessible_sign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Handicapped_Accessible_sign.svg/42px-Handicapped_Accessible_sign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Handicapped_Accessible_sign.svg/56px-Handicapped_Accessible_sign.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="451" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" title="Portal:身心障礙">身心障礙主题</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%BA%AB%E5%BF%83%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" title="Category:身心障礙">分類：身心障礙</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Disability_sidebar" title="Template:Disability sidebar"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Disability_sidebar" title="Template talk:Disability sidebar"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Disability_sidebar" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Disability sidebar"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>融合教育</b>，亦稱統合教育（<b>英語：<span lang="en">Integrated Education</span></b>）。根據<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83" title="香港立法會">香港立法會</a>文件的解釋，融合教育是指將有<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="特殊教育">特殊教育</a>需要的學生安排在普通學校接受教育，這些普通學校也即是所謂主流/主流化學校的主要構成部份。 </p><p>而根據2009年<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%96%87%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國教科文組織">聯合國教科文組織</a>的定義，融合教育／全納教育（Inclusive Education）是指增強教育體系職能，從而顧及所有學習者的需要。<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="香港特別行政區政府">香港特別行政區政府</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%B1%80_(%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF)" title="教育局 (香港)">教育局</a>的官方文化中使用「融合教育」為中文用詞，而英文用詞則為“Integrated Education”。除在特殊情況下，Integrated Education及Inclusive Education皆被翻譯為「融合教育」<sup id="cite_ref-融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="SEN的九大類別"><span id="SEN.E7.9A.84.E4.B9.9D.E5.A4.A7.E9.A1.9E.E5.88.A5"></span>SEN的九大類別</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：SEN的九大類別"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據平等機會委員會的《融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告》指出，特殊教育需要（Special Educational Needs，簡稱SEN）可大致分為九大類，融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告︰ </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%88%E6%B3%A8%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8D%E8%B6%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="專注力不足（页面不存在）">專注力不足</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%BB%E8%BA%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="過度活躍">過度活躍</a>（ADHD）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E9%96%89%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="自閉症">自閉症</a>（ASD）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%9D%E9%80%9A%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" title="溝通障礙">溝通障礙</a>（CD）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%85%E7%B7%92%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="情緒行為問題（页面不存在）">情緒行為問題</a>（EBD）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%BD%E8%A6%BA%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" class="mw-redirect" title="聽覺障礙">聽覺障礙</a>（HI）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%8A%9B%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" class="mw-redirect" title="智力障礙">智力障礙</a>（ID）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A2%E4%BD%93%E6%AE%8B%E7%96%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="肢体残疾">肢體殘疾</a>（PD）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="特殊學習障礙（页面不存在）">特殊學習障礙</a>（SLD）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA%E9%9A%9C%E7%A4%99" title="視覺障礙">視覺障礙</a>（VI）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地區發展"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E5.8D.80.E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95"></span>地區發展</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：地區發展"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="香港"><span id=".E9.A6.99.E6.B8.AF"></span>香港</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：香港"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="融合教育政策簡要"><span id=".E8.9E.8D.E5.90.88.E6.95.99.E8.82.B2.E6.94.BF.E7.AD.96.E7.B0.A1.E8.A6.81"></span>融合教育政策簡要</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：融合教育政策簡要"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>香港學校教育目標第6項（1997）指出︰「不論學生的能力為何，每間學校都應幫助所有學生，包括有特殊教育需要的學生，盡量發展學業上及學業以外的潛質」<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>香港1994年正式加入《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%92%E7%AB%A5%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聯合國兒童權利公約（页面不存在）">聯合國兒童權利公約</a>》。第28條撮要︰教育──兒童有權接受教育，締造國有責任提供免費和強制的小學教育。而學校執行紀律方式應尊重和反映兒童的人格尊嚴。同時締約國應促進國際之間合作以保障此權益。另第23條撮要︰殘障兒童──殘障兒童有權獲得特別照顧，以及接受為幫助他們自立並享有積極和充實的生活而設計的教育和訓練<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>香港政府於1995年發表《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E5%BE%A9%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96%E5%8F%8A%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E7%99%BD%E7%9A%AE%E6%9B%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康復政策及服務白皮書（页面不存在）">康復政策及服務白皮書</a>》中，重申香港的融合教育政策<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>教育局2000年的教育改革方案強調，會照顧有學習障礙的學生的需要，透過特別輔導及幫助。讓有特殊教育需要學生有發展所長的機會<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E7%AD%89%E6%A9%9F%E6%9C%83%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="平等機會委員會">平等機會委員會</a>亦於2001年制定《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%98%E7%96%BE%E6%AD%A7%E8%A6%96%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B" title="殘疾歧視條例">殘疾歧視條例</a>》教育實務守則，為私營和公立教育機構訂立指引，致力避免和消除對殘疾人士的歧視，以達到人人平等。指引包括設立無障礙學習環境、制定合適收生程序、調適課程內容、教學方法、評估、輔導，以確保特殊教育需要的學生個別需要能被滿足<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="中國政府">中國政府</a>已於2008年8月1日向<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國">聯合國</a>交存了批准書，成為《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%8B%E7%96%BE%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" title="残疾人权利公约">殘疾人權利公約</a>》的第33個締約國。同年的8月31日《公約》正式對中國包括香港和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="澳門特別行政區">澳門特別行政區</a>開始生效，內容涉及教育、康復及就業，對融合教育發展有深層次的影響<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="發展"><span id=".E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95"></span>發展</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：發展"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據平等機會委員會發表《融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告》，香港的融合教育在制度、政策和實行方面均出現問題，該報告參考外地有關實施融合教育的經驗，提出下列建議<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <dl><dt>全校參與模式</dt></dl> <p>在特殊教育政策下，教育局會根據有關專業人士的評估及建議，在家長同意下，轉介有嚴重或多重殘疾的學生入讀特殊學校；其他比較輕微SEN的學生，會被派往普通學校就讀。 </p><p>所有學校均會取錄SEN的學生，亦會成立學生支援小組統籌融合教育事宜。教育局會為學校提供額外資源、專業支援和教師培訓，協助學校照顧SEN的學生。 </p> <dl><dt>增撥額外資源</dt></dl> <p>香港政府會向校方提供「學習支援津貼」、「小學加強輔導教學計劃」和「融合教育計劃」等額外資源，讓學校靈活運用資源，並按照「及早識別」、「及早支援」、「全校參與」、「家校合作」和「跨界別協作」五個基本原則，支援SEN的學生。 </p> <dl><dt>提供專業支援</dt></dl> <p>教育局會定期就融合教育政策、教學策略、資源運用及分層支援措施等向校方提供專業意見及支援，協助學校從政策、文化及措施三方面推行「全校參與」模式融合教育；亦已增撥資源，逐步擴展「校本教育心理服務」。 </p><p>教育局會經常舉行網絡會議及專業交流會等活動，讓教師分享經驗及心得。亦會邀請有良好經驗的特殊/普通學校為其他學校提供支援和分享推動融合教育的經驗。 </p> <dl><dt>加強教師培訓</dt></dl> <p>教育局已為教師提供以特殊教育為主題的基礎、高級及專題課程，並為校長、教師及教學助理舉辦講座、工作坊和研討會等活動。在教育局的推動下，師資培訓機構亦已把「支援有特殊教育需要的學生」或相關課題列為職前教師培訓課程的必修單元。 </p> <dl><dt>調節支援層次</dt></dl> <p>現時普通學校採用三層支援模式照顧SEN的學生，並因應各人的進展和表現調節支援層次。此外，要求學校為有嚴重學習困難或適應問題的學生訂定個別學習計劃。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="問題"><span id=".E5.95.8F.E9.A1.8C"></span>問題</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：問題"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2013年7月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E6%98%8E" title="失明">失明</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B1%E8%81%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="弱聽">弱聽</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%B8%E6%96%87%E6%86%91%E8%80%83%E8%A9%A6" title="香港中學文憑考試">香港中學文憑考試</a>考生<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E8%8A%B7%E5%90%9B" title="曾芷君">曾芷君</a>，取得3科5**的成績<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。傳媒也籍此報導已故聾人狀元<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%8F%81_(%E8%81%BD%E9%9A%9C%E6%95%99%E5%B8%AB)" title="李菁 (聽障教師)">李菁</a>的故事<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，引起香港社會就有關「融合教育」的討論，包括執行融合教育的困難，政府沒有足夠的資源協助<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，教育界亦未有充足的準備。根據報章報導，總結如下<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>︰ </p> <ul><li>雖然學校作出適當調適，例如延長考試時間、提供特製筆記、課外補課等，但對於情緒有缺陷的SEN學生，融合教育往往效果欠佳。</li> <li>雖然有不少SEN學生資質頗佳，但因為種種心理問題，如情緒、社交能力、專注力不足等，導致不能好好學習。當這類患有心理或情緒病的學生回到普通學校時，由於控制情緒能力比一般人低，當他們鬧情緒時，會影響課室秩序和其他同學，而且這類個案處理需時，全體學生學習進度也會受阻。</li> <li>任何類別的SEN學生在求學階段都容易受同學的取笑及欺凌，但最終他們可能因為差異而被孤立甚至欺負，增添成長困難。</li> <li>大部份老師沒有接受處理SEN學生的訓練。</li> <li>很多學校會找專家協助，例如語言治療師、職業治療師、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C" title="社會工作">社工</a>、教育心理學家等，但專家人數不多，應付不到越來越多的SEN個案。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中国大陆"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9B.BD.E5.A4.A7.E9.99.86"></span>中国大陆</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：中国大陆"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在中國大陸，根據《义务教育法》、《残疾人教育条例》，任何適齡的殘疾學童，理論上都可以在戶籍所在地免費申請入讀公辦學校。實際的情況要視乎各地區、學校和家長的取態，不能一概而論。<br /> 中華人民共和國國務院在2014年頒佈了<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/xxgk/pub/govpublic/mrlm/201401/t20140118_66612.html">《特殊教育提升计划（2014-2016年）》</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200115225954/http://www.gov.cn/xxgk/pub/govpublic/mrlm/201401/t20140118_66612.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），全面推进全納教育(Inclusive Education，學術討論上"融合教育Integrated Education"與"全納教育"可以有分別，但一般而言兩者可視為同一意思)，集中於視力、聽力和智力殘疾儿童少年義務教育上。教育部辦公聽亦在2016年1月20日發出<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edu.cn/edu/zheng_ce_gs_gui/zheng_ce_wen_jian/zong_he/201602/t20160217_1365874.shtml">《普通学校特殊教育资源教室建设指南》</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190821174530/http://www.edu.cn/edu/zheng_ce_gs_gui/zheng_ce_wen_jian/zong_he/201602/t20160217_1365874.shtml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），進一步在普通學校提供相關資源給有特殊學習需要的學童。<br /> 自閉症是在2001年被納入精神殘疾類別，並制定了《“十一五”孤独症儿童康复训练试点工作实施办法》，又編定了《孤独症儿童的教育与康复训练》一書。<br /> 其他如專注力不足及過度活躍症(多動症)、阿斯伯格症、读写障碍等，近年在內地亦引起關注，雖然政府方面未有具體的政策文件，但各省市地區從外面接觸到的資訊增加，亦開始有民辦機構提供相關的訓練和治療。<br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220619213423/https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr12-13/chinese/panels/ed/ed_ie/papers/ed_ie0219cb4-410-2-c.pdf">融合教育制度下殘疾學生的平等學習機會研究報告</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83" title="香港立法會">香港立法會</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2013年9月8日]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr12-13/chinese/panels/ed/ed_ie/papers/ed_ie0219cb4-410-2-c.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2022年6月19日） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（香港）网页">（中文（香港））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&rft.btitle=%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E4%B8%8B%E6%AE%98%E7%96%BE%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%B9%B3%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92%E6%A9%9F%E6%9C%83%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%83&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legco.gov.hk%2Fyr12-13%2Fchinese%2Fpanels%2Fed%2Fed_ie%2Fpapers%2Fed_ie0219cb4-410-2-c.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>有關融合教育的定義，詳列在該報告第一頁的註釋第一點。有關SEN的九大類別，詳見該報告第一頁的第3點。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924005024/http://www.edb.gov.hk/tc/about-edb/publications-stat/major-reports/consultancy-reports/9-year-compulsory-edu-review-report/ch4.html">九年強迫教育檢討報告</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%B1%80_(%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF)" title="教育局 (香港)">教育局</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2013年9月8日]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edb.gov.hk/tc/about-edb/publications-stat/major-reports/consultancy-reports/9-year-compulsory-edu-review-report/ch4.html">原始内容</a>存档于2015年9月24日） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（香港）网页">（中文（香港））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&rft.btitle=%E4%B9%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%BC%B7%E8%BF%AB%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E6%AA%A2%E8%A8%8E%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%B1%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edb.gov.hk%2Ftc%2Fabout-edb%2Fpublications-stat%2Fmajor-reports%2Fconsultancy-reports%2F9-year-compulsory-edu-review-report%2Fch4.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmab.gov.hk/doc/tc/documents/policy_responsibilities/the_rights_of_the_individuals/crc.doc">兒童權利公約</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%88%B6%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%A7%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E5%B1%80" title="政制及內地事務局">政制及內地事務局</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2013年9月8日]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191110080529/https://www.cmab.gov.hk/doc/tc/documents/policy_responsibilities/the_rights_of_the_individuals/crc.doc">存档</a>于2019年11月10日） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（香港）网页">（中文（香港））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&rft.btitle=%E5%85%92%E7%AB%A5%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E6%94%BF%E5%88%B6%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%A7%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E5%B1%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmab.gov.hk%2Fdoc%2Ftc%2Fdocuments%2Fpolicy_responsibilities%2Fthe_rights_of_the_individuals%2Fcrc.doc&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&rft.btitle=%E6%AE%98%E7%96%BE%E6%AD%A7%E8%A6%96%E6%A2%9D%E4%BE%8B%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%AF%A6%E5%8B%99%E5%AE%88%E5%89%87&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%B9%B3%E7%AD%89%E6%A9%9F%E6%9C%83%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eoc.org.hk%2Feoc%2Fotherproject%2Fchi%2Fcolor%2Fyouthcorner%2Feducation%2Fcop_edu%2Fcop_edu_b.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150610221446/http://www.lwb.gov.hk/UNCRPD/Publications/22072008_c.pdf">殘疾人權利公約適用於香港</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%B7%A5%E5%8F%8A%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E5%B1%80" 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text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200302/http://www.am730.com.hk/article.php?article=169545&d=2138">存档</a>于2016年3月4日） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（香港）网页">（中文（香港））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9E%8D%E5%90%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&rft.btitle=%E3%80%90AM%E6%95%85%E4%BA%8B%E3%80%91%E6%B8%AF%E5%BA%9C%E8%A2%AB%E8%BD%9F%E9%81%95%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84+%E6%BC%A0%E8%A6%96%E6%AE%98%E7%96%BE%E7%AB%A5%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E6%94%AF%E6%8F%B4&rft.date=2013-08-26&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=am730&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.am730.com.hk%2Farticle.php%3Farticle%3D169545%26d%3D2138&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130813133457/http://www.sharpdaily.hk/article/news/20130808/220086">爽通識：無資源無師資，融合教育仲差啲？</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%88%BD%E5%A0%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="爽報">爽報</a>. 2013年8月8日 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2013年9月8日]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharpdaily.hk/article/news/20130808/220086">原始内容</a>存档于2013年8月13日） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（香港）网页">（中文（香港））</span>.</cite><span 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