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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_other_West_African_dishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_other_West_African_dishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of other West African dishes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_other_West_African_dishes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beverages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beverages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Beverages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beverages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etiquette" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etiquette"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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<span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">West African cuisine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastronom%C3%ADa_de_%C3%81frica_occidental" title="Gastronomía de África occidental – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gastronomía de África occidental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuisine_ouest-africaine" title="Cuisine ouest-africaine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cuisine ouest-africaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4_%EC%9A%94%EB%A6%AC" title="서아프리카 요리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서아프리카 요리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abincin_Yammacin_Afirka" title="Abincin Yammacin Afirka – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Abincin Yammacin Afirka" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olahan_Afrika_Kulon" title="Olahan Afrika Kulon – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Olahan Afrika Kulon" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gvin%C4%97jos_%C4%AFlankos_virtuv%C4%97" title="Gvinėjos įlankos virtuvė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gvinėjos įlankos virtuvė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Западноафриканская кухня – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Западноафриканская кухня" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4nsi-Afrikan_keitti%C3%B6" title="Länsi-Afrikan keittiö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Länsi-Afrikan keittiö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Yassapoulet.JPG/375px-Yassapoulet.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Yassapoulet.JPG/500px-Yassapoulet.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Senegalese <a href="/wiki/Yassa_(food)" title="Yassa (food)"><i>yassa poulet</i></a>, a tangy-spicy dish enjoyed throughout the West African region, made with <a href="/wiki/Dijon_mustard" title="Dijon mustard">Dijon mustard</a>, onions, lemon juice, olives and <a href="/wiki/Scotch_bonnet" title="Scotch bonnet">Scotch bonnet peppers</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>West African cuisine</b> encompasses a diverse range of foods that are split between its 16 countries. In <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a>, many families grow and raise their own food, and within each there is a division of labor. Indigenous foods consist of a number of plant species and animals, and are important to those whose lifestyle depends on farming and <a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">hunting</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/History_of_West_Africa" title="History of West Africa">history of West Africa</a> also plays a large role in their cuisine and recipes, as interactions with different cultures (particularly the Arab world and later Europeans) over the centuries have introduced many ingredients that went on to become key components of the various national cuisines today. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">early modern period</a>, European explorers and slave traders influenced regional cuisines in West Africa, but only to a limited extent. However, it was European merchant and <a href="/wiki/Slave_ship" title="Slave ship">slave ships</a> which brought <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili peppers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">tomatoes</a> from the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>, and both have become ubiquitous components of West African cuisines, along with <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantains</a>. In turn, these slave ships carried African ingredients to the New World, including <a href="/wiki/Black-eyed_pea" title="Black-eyed pea">black-eyed peas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">okra</a>. </p><p>Around the time of the <a href="/wiki/Colonisation_of_Africa" title="Colonisation of Africa">colonial period</a>, particularly during the <a href="/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa" title="Scramble for Africa">Scramble for Africa</a>, European settlers defined colonial borders without regard to pre-existing borders, territories or cultural differences. This bisected tribes and created colonies with varying culinary styles. As a result, it is difficult to sharply define, for example, Senegalese cuisine. </p><p>Although the European colonists brought many new ingredients to the African continent, they had relatively little effect on the way people cook in West Africa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ingredients">Ingredients</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ingredients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kwlikwli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Kwlikwli.jpg/250px-Kwlikwli.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Kwlikwli.jpg/375px-Kwlikwli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Kwlikwli.jpg/500px-Kwlikwli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><i>Klouikloui</i>, rings of fried peanut butter as served in <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Though there are obvious differences among the local cuisines in West Africa, there are also many commonalities, mainly in the ingredients used. </p><p>Many dishes are enriched with a base of <a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">tomatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">onions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili peppers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Considered an essential and even "sacred" cooking technique in the region, the combination of these three ingredients sauteed in oil is analogous to similar concepts such as the <a href="/wiki/Holy_trinity_(cuisine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy trinity (cuisine)">holy trinity</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cajun_cuisine" title="Cajun cuisine">Cajun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Creole_cuisine" title="Creole cuisine">Creole cooking</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sofrito" title="Sofrito">sofrito</a> used in the <a href="/wiki/Hispanosphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanosphere">Spanish-speaking world</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soffritto" class="mw-redirect" title="Soffritto">soffritto</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mirepoix_(cuisine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirepoix (cuisine)">mirepoix</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. </p><p>The most prevalent cooking oil is <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm nut oil</a>, traditionally associated with the coastal regions and contributing a distinctive colour, flavour and texture to food, while <a href="/wiki/Shea_butter" title="Shea butter">shea butter</a> is more commonly used in <a href="/wiki/The_Sahel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sahel">the Sahel</a> called <i>karité</i> in French, which comes from the Arabic word <i>ghartī</i>, it is prized for the rich mouthfeel it imparts. </p><p>There are certain ingredients that go with certain countries as well. In <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>, the most commonly used ingredients are hot pepper, <a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>. Ghanaians use hot pepper because they believe the hot peppers will cool the body and cleanse/purify it (Salm, 106-108). In <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, the main ingredients are among many others hot pepper, <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">millet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanut</a>, ginger, <a href="/wiki/Tamarind" title="Tamarind">tamarind</a> leaves, and <a href="/wiki/Adansonia_digitata" title="Adansonia digitata">baobab fruit</a>, and cooking oil (Ross, 75). Those are the few that have a slight difference of what they commonly use for their dishes. </p><p>For an overall view of West Africa, according to Fran Osseo-Asare, the common ingredients for the West African region are the leaves from a baobab tree, cereal grains: <a href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">sorghum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">millet</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fonio" title="Fonio">fonio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cola_nut" class="mw-redirect" title="Cola nut">cola nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egusi" title="Egusi">egusi</a> seeds, <a href="/wiki/Guinea_fowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinea fowl">guinea fowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melegueta_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Melegueta pepper">melegueta pepper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oil_palm" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil palm">oil palm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">okra</a>, and rice. Other ingredients used are okra (thickener) as a basis for soups and stews, <a href="/wiki/Black-eyed_pea" title="Black-eyed pea">black-eyed peas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sesame" title="Sesame">sesame</a> according to <a href="/wiki/Jessica_B._Harris" title="Jessica B. Harris">Jessica B. Harris</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/High_on_the_Hog_(book)" title="High on the Hog (book)">High on the Hog</a></i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (September 2022)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sauces">Sauces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sauces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Obe ata and ata din din are base sauces used in many recipes.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both are based on tomatoes, chili peppers, onions and flavorings such as thyme, garlic, ginger, curry powder, along with stock or bouillon.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seasonings">Seasonings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Seasonings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Spice" title="Spice">Spices</a> play a relatively less prominent role in West African cooking compared to say, <a href="/wiki/North_African_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="North African cuisine">North African cuisine</a>. Cooks uses spices and herbs like ginger, coriander, and thyme sparingly but knowingly. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chilli_peppers" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilli peppers">Chilli peppers</a>, however, are loved in West Africa, in fresh, dried and powdered form, particularly in the more hot and humid lands of the region. Introduced to Africa sometime after <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a> sailed to America by European sailors, it is said that the sweating induced by the spicy heat of chilli helps to cool the skin. More than in other regions of Africa, West Africans utilize <a href="/wiki/Scotch_bonnet" title="Scotch bonnet">Scotch bonnet</a> chilli peppers with a liberal hand in many of their sauces and stews. The bite and fire of these extremely hot peppers (<a href="/wiki/Scoville_scale" title="Scoville scale">Scoville</a> rating 200,000-300,000) add a unique flavor as well as heat. The chilli is also supposed to help preserve food, as well as adding flavour to relatively bland tropical staples like root vegetables. </p><p>The seeds of Guinea pepper (<i><a href="/wiki/Aframomum_melegueta" class="mw-redirect" title="Aframomum melegueta">Aframomum melegueta</a></i>; also called <a href="/wiki/Grains_of_paradise" title="Grains of paradise">grains of paradise</a> or melegueta pepper), a plant indigenous to West Africa, are also widely used. This native spice tastes and looks somewhat like a peppercorn, but has <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coriander_seed" class="mw-redirect" title="Coriander seed">coriander seed</a> flavor notes. Grains of paradise was once a prized commodity reaching Europe through North African middlemen during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Sumbala" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumbala">Sumbala</a></i> or <i>soumbala</i> is a flavouring used widely across West Africa, used in a manner not unlike a <a href="/wiki/Bouillon_cube" title="Bouillon cube">bouillon cube</a>. It is usually prepared by women over the course of several days, traditionally from <i>néré</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Parkia_biglobosa" title="Parkia biglobosa">Parkia biglobosa</a></i>) seeds, also known as locust bean, a plant native to West Africa. It can be made from other kinds of seeds, and the use of <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soybeans</a> for this purpose is increasing due mainly to inadequate supply of <i>néré</i> seeds. The fabrication process involves boiling, cleaning and then packing away to ferment - the <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (food)">fermentation</a> process giving it a pungent smell and at the same time a rich, deep <i><a href="/wiki/Umami" title="Umami">umami</a></i> or savory flavour is developed. Salt can be added to the finished product to facilitate storage life. This condiment is traditionally sold in balls or patties that can be kept for several months at a time in the case of the best quality. </p><p>It is a traditional cooking ingredient used across West Africa, although the less traditional bouillon cube, specifically the <a href="/wiki/Maggi" title="Maggi">Maggi</a> brand, rivals it in popularity. </p><p>African potash (potassium carbonate) is a native salt used for flavoring and to expedite the cooking time for some foods by cooks, it is made from wood-fire ashes in an ancient process that was once used by pioneer settlers in North America. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vegetables">Vegetables</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Vegetables"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Vegetable" title="Vegetable">Vegetables</a> are a part of any West African meal. Some commonly eaten vegetables include <a href="/wiki/Black-eyed_pea" title="Black-eyed pea">black-eyed peas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">eggplant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pumpkin" title="Pumpkin">pumpkin</a> and other squashes, <a href="/wiki/Okra" title="Okra">okra</a>, as well as an extensive variety of both farmed and foraged <a href="/wiki/Green_leafy_vegetable" class="mw-redirect" title="Green leafy vegetable">green leafy vegetables</a>, little known or used outside of the African continent. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Adansonia_digitata" title="Adansonia digitata">Baobab</a> leaves, pumpkin leaves, rosella leaves, sweet potato leaves, and <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a> leaves (which contain cyanide in their raw state, and are always blanched with boiling water before use to remove the toxins) are some of the greens that are commonplace in a West African kitchen. Black-eyed peas form the basis for a popular fried snack, the <i><a href="/wiki/Akara" title="Akara">akara</a></i> fritter. </p><p>Starchy tubers and <a href="/wiki/Root_vegetable" title="Root vegetable">root vegetables</a> are used as staple food, to be served with their meat and vegetable dishes, often as a foil to the hotness of the peppers. <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">Cassava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taro" title="Taro">cocoyams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">sweet potatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantains</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yam_(vegetable)" title="Yam (vegetable)">yams</a> are ubiquitous in the local diet, and they are usually boiled and then pounded with a pestle and mortar into a thick starchy paste called <i><a href="/wiki/Fufu" title="Fufu">fufu</a></i>. </p><p>Other starch staples eaten throughout West Africa besides root vegetables and tubers include <i><a href="/wiki/Fonio" title="Fonio">fonio</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millet" title="Millet">millet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">sorghum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meat">Meat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Meat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although West Africans ate far more vegetables and much less <a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">meat</a> in the past, today their diet is heavier in meats, salt, and fats. <a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">Seafood</a> is especially popular along the coast and many dishes combine both fish and meat. Seafood is one of the most common protein sources in West Africa. </p><p>Seafood is so prevalent in this region that this industry accounts for a quarter of the workforce.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dried and smoked fish flavor a number of sauces, stews, and other dishes, including condiments, in much the same way that anchovies and bacon flavor food in a number of other cuisines. It is often flaked and fried in oil, and sometimes cooked in sauce made with the base of hot peppers, onions and tomatoes, various spices (such as <i><a href="/wiki/Sumbala" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumbala">soumbala</a></i>) and water to produce a combination of subtle flavors. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chicken_as_food" title="Chicken as food">Chicken</a> is eaten nearly everywhere and chicken eggs are a common food and source of protein. <a href="/wiki/Guinea_fowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinea fowl">Guinea fowl</a> eggs also popular. In some inland areas, <a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">beef</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">pork</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mutton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutton">mutton</a> are preferred, with goat meat being the dominant red meat. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Suya" title="Suya">Suya</a></i>, a popular grilled spicy meat kebab flavored with peanuts and other spices, is sold by street vendors as a snack or evening meal and is typically made with beef or chicken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Representative_dishes">Representative dishes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Representative dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some dishes are a prevalent feature in most West African societies, but bearing different names in different locales. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fufu">Fufu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Fufu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fufu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Fufu.jpg/250px-Fufu.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Fufu.jpg/375px-Fufu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Fufu.jpg/500px-Fufu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A plate of <i>fufu</i> accompanied with <a href="/wiki/Peanut_soup" title="Peanut soup">peanut soup</a></figcaption></figure> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Fufu" title="Fufu">Fufu</a></i> is usually made from cassava, yams, and sometimes combined with <a href="/wiki/Cocoyam" title="Cocoyam">cocoyam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plantain_(cooking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantain (cooking)">plantains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornmeal" title="Cornmeal">cornmeal</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Oatmeal" title="Oatmeal">oatmeal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Ghana, <i>fufu</i> is mostly made from boiled cassava and unripe plantain beaten together, as well as from cocoyam. Currently, these products have been made into powder/flour and can be mixed with hot water to obtain the final product, eliminating the task of beating it in a mortar with a pestle until a desired consistency is reached. </p><p><i>Fufu</i> can also be made from semolina, rice, or even instant potato flakes. Often, the dish is still made by traditional methods: pounding and the base substance in a mortar with a wooden spoon. In contexts where poverty is not an issue, or where modern appliances are readily available, a food processor may also be used. </p><p>In Western and Central Africa, the more common method is to serve a mound of <i>fufu</i> along with a soup (<i>ọbẹ</i>). After washing hands, the diner pinches off a small ball of <i>fufu</i> and makes an indentation with the thumb. This reservoir is then filled with soup, and the ball is eaten. </p><p>In Nigeria and Ghana, the ball is often not chewed but swallowed whole; in fact, chewing <i>fufu</i> is considered a <i>faux pas</i>. Therefore, <i>fufu</i> not only serves as a food but also as a utensil. <sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some soups that may be served with <i>fufu</i> includes light (tomato) soup, <a href="/wiki/Palm_nut_soup" title="Palm nut soup">palm nut soup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peanut_soup" title="Peanut soup">groundnut soup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peppersoup" title="Peppersoup">peppersoup</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other types of soups with vegetables such as okra and <i>nkontomire</i> (cocoyam leaves). Soups are often made with different kinds of meat and fish, fresh or smoked. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groundnut_stew">Groundnut stew</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Groundnut stew"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mafe_SN.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Mafe_SN.JPG/160px-Mafe_SN.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Mafe_SN.JPG/240px-Mafe_SN.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Mafe_SN.JPG 2x" data-file-width="282" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption><i>Maafe</i>, prepared by a Senegalese cook.</figcaption></figure> <p>Groundnut stew (<span title="Wolof-language romanization"><i lang="wo-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Maafe" class="mw-redirect" title="Maafe">maafe</a></i></span>), (var. <span title="Wolof-language romanization"><i lang="wo-Latn">mafé</i></span>, <span title="Wolof-language romanization"><i lang="wo-Latn">maffé</i></span>, <span title="Wolof-language romanization"><i lang="wo-Latn">maff</i></span>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">sauce d'arachide</i></span>, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">tigadèguèna</i></span> or <span title="Wolof-language romanization"><i lang="wo-Latn">tigadene</i></span>), is a <a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanut</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Stew" title="Stew">stew</a> common to much of West Africa, and very popular in <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">the Gambia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cote_d%27Ivoire" class="mw-redirect" title="Cote d'Ivoire">Côte d'Ivoire</a>. Variants of <span title="Wolof-language romanization"><i lang="wo-Latn">maafe</i></span> appear in the cuisine of nations throughout West Africa and <a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central Africa</a>. With the significant expansion of groundnut cultivation during the <a href="/wiki/Colonisation_of_Africa" title="Colonisation of Africa">colonial period</a>, <span title="Wolof-language romanization"><i lang="wo-Latn">maafe</i></span> has become a popular dish across West Africa, and as far east as <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>. </p><p>Recipes for the stew vary widely, but groundnut stew at its core is cooked with a sauce based on groundnuts (<a href="/wiki/Peanut" title="Peanut">peanuts</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-C2C_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C2C-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the West African <a href="/wiki/Holy_trinity_(cuisine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy trinity (cuisine)">trinity</a> of tomatoes, onion and chillies, and protein components such as <a href="/wiki/Lamb_and_mutton" title="Lamb and mutton">mutton</a>, beef or chicken. In the coastal regions of <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, <i>maafe</i> is frequently made with <a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">fish</a>. <i>Maafe</i> is traditionally served with white <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a> (in Senegambia), <a href="/wiki/Couscous" title="Couscous">couscous</a> (as West Africa meets the Sahara) or <i><a href="/wiki/Fufu" title="Fufu">fufu</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">sweet potatoes</a> in the more tropical areas.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jollof_rice">Jollof rice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Jollof rice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jollof_rice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jollof_rice.jpg/160px-Jollof_rice.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jollof_rice.jpg/240px-Jollof_rice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jollof_rice.jpg/320px-Jollof_rice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="348" /></a><figcaption>Jollof rice</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jollof_rice" title="Jollof rice">Jollof rice</a>, also called <i>benachin,</i> is a popular dish all over West Africa. It originated in <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> but has since spread to the whole of West Africa, especially Nigeria and Ghana amongst members of the Wolof ethnic group, from whom the word "jollof" originated.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are many variations of jollof rice, which in most cuisines depends on a base similar to <a href="/wiki/Obe_ata" title="Obe ata">obe ata</a>. The most common basic ingredients are rice, tomatoes and tomato paste, onion, salt, and red pepper. Beyond that, nearly any kind of meat, vegetable, or spice can be added.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Senegalese" class="mw-redirect" title="Senegalese">Senegalese</a> version of jollof rice is a bit different and is called <i><a href="/wiki/Thieboudienne" title="Thieboudienne">ceebu jen</a>,</i> the national dish of Senegal. A variation, <i>thiebou yapp</i>, or "rice meat" is made with beef, mutton or other red meat. Riz gras is a similar dish found in French-speaking West Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_other_West_African_dishes">List of other West African dishes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: List of other West African dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Akara" title="Akara">Akara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aloko" class="mw-redirect" title="Aloko">Aloko</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cachupa" title="Cachupa">Cachupa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chin_chin" title="Chin chin">Chin chin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couscous" title="Couscous">Couscous</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dambou" title="Dambou">Dambou</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draw_soup" title="Draw soup">Draw soup</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eba" title="Eba">Ẹbà</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egusi" title="Egusi"><i>Egusi</i> soup</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frejon" title="Frejon">Frejon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fried_plantain" title="Fried plantain">Fried plantain</a> or <i>alloco</i>—a popular version made in Ghana is called <i><a href="/wiki/Kelewele" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelewele">kelewele</a></i>, or hot plantain chips.</li> <li><i>Futari</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (March 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garri" title="Garri"><i>Garri</i> (ground cassava)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jollof_rice" title="Jollof rice">Jollof rice</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fakou" title="Fakou">Fakou</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fried_fish" title="Fried fish">Fried fish</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fufu" title="Fufu">Fufu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kedjenou" title="Kedjenou">Kedjenou</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kenkey" title="Kenkey">Kenkey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hausa_koko" class="mw-redirect" title="Hausa koko">Koko</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kokoro_(snack_food)" title="Kokoro (snack food)">Kokoro</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_pie" title="Meat pie">Meat pie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moin_moin" title="Moin moin">Moin moin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ndol%C3%A9" title="Ndolé">Ndolé</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ngome_(bread)" title="Ngome (bread)">Ngome</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogbono_soup" title="Ogbono soup">Ogbono soup</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ogi_(cereal_ferment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogi (cereal ferment)">Ogi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaver_sauce" title="Palaver sauce">Palaver sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peanut_soup" title="Peanut soup">Peanut soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fufu" title="Fufu">Pounded yam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puff-puff" title="Puff-puff">Puff-puff</a></li> <li><i><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauce_feuille" class="extiw" title="fr:Sauce feuille">Sauce aux feuilles de patates douces</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suya" title="Suya">Suya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_nut_soup" title="Palm nut soup">Palm nut soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_red" title="Red red">Red Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapalapa_bread" class="mw-redirect" title="Tapalapa bread">Tapalapa bread</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wagasi" title="Wagasi">Wagasi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yassa_(food)" title="Yassa (food)">Yassa au poulet</a></i></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beverages">Beverages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Beverages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palm_wine_still.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Palm_wine_still.jpg/220px-Palm_wine_still.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Palm_wine_still.jpg/330px-Palm_wine_still.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Palm_wine_still.jpg/440px-Palm_wine_still.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Local distillation of palm wine in <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Malt_drink" title="Malt drink">Malt drinks</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Supermalt" title="Supermalt">Supermalt</a> and fresh <a href="/wiki/Coconut_water" title="Coconut water">coconut water</a> are popular beverages in West Africa. As for alcoholic drinks, <a href="/wiki/Palm_wine" title="Palm wine">palm wine</a> is a common beverage made from the fermented sap of various types of palm trees and is usually sold in sweet (less-fermented, retaining more of the sap's sugar) or sour (fermented longer, making it stronger and less sweet) varieties. <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a> from millet is also common. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etiquette">Etiquette</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Etiquette"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dining is communal; diners use their fingers to eat. Water has a very strong ritual significance in many West African nations (particularly in dry areas), and water is often the first thing an African host will offer a guest.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_country">By country</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: By country"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For more specific styles, refer to the articles on each national or regional cuisines: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benin_cuisine" title="Benin cuisine">Benin cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Burkina Faso">Cuisine of Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_cuisine" title="Cape Verdean cuisine">Cape Verdean cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_cuisine" title="Gambian cuisine">Gambian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_cuisine" title="Ghanaian cuisine">Ghanaian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Guinea">Cuisine of Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissauan_cuisine" title="Guinea-Bissauan cuisine">Guinea-Bissauan cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivorian_cuisine" title="Ivorian cuisine">Ivorian cuisine</a> (cuisine of Côte d'Ivoire)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_cuisine" title="Liberian cuisine">Liberian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_cuisine" title="Malian cuisine">Malian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritanian_cuisine" title="Mauritanian cuisine">Mauritanian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Niger" title="Cuisine of Niger">Cuisine of Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_cuisine" title="Nigerian cuisine">Nigerian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Saint_Helena" title="Cuisine of Saint Helena">Cuisine of Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_cuisine" title="Senegalese cuisine">Senegalese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Sierra_Leone" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Sierra Leone">Cuisine of Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_cuisine" title="Togolese cuisine">Togolese cuisine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output 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id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hillmanwonders.com/cuisines/west_african_cuisine.htm">"West African cuisine"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=West+African+cuisine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hillmanwonders.com%2Fcuisines%2Fwest_african_cuisine.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKomolafe2019" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Yewande_Komolafe" title="Yewande Komolafe">Komolafe, Yewande</a> (2019-06-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/24/dining/nigerian-food-yewande-komolafe.html">"Yewande Komolafe's 10 Essential Nigerian Recipes"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yewande+Komolafe%E2%80%99s+10+Essential+Nigerian+Recipes&rft.date=2019-06-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Komolafe&rft.aufirst=Yewande&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F06%2F24%2Fdining%2Fnigerian-food-yewande-komolafe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seriouseats.com/obe-ata-nigerian-red-pepper-sauce">"Obe Ata (Nigerian Red Pepper Sauce) Recipe"</a>. <i>Serious Eats</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Serious+Eats&rft.atitle=Obe+Ata+%28Nigerian+Red+Pepper+Sauce%29+Recipe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seriouseats.com%2Fobe-ata-nigerian-red-pepper-sauce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrashares2004" class="citation journal cs1">Brashares, J. S. (2004-11-12). "Bushmeat Hunting, Wildlife Declines, and Fish Supply in West Africa". <i>Science</i>. <b>306</b> (5699): 1180–1183. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Sci...306.1180B">2004Sci...306.1180B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1102425">10.1126/science.1102425</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075">0036-8075</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15539602">15539602</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:34213295">34213295</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Bushmeat+Hunting%2C+Wildlife+Declines%2C+and+Fish+Supply+in+West+Africa&rft.volume=306&rft.issue=5699&rft.pages=1180-1183&rft.date=2004-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A34213295%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004Sci...306.1180B&rft.issn=0036-8075&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1102425&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15539602&rft.aulast=Brashares&rft.aufirst=J.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/good-food/joan-didion-potato-masher-sesame-oil-gas-stoves/art-of-fufu-kavachi-ukegbu">"Fufu: How to make, eat, and what to pair with the West African staple"</a>. <i>KCRW</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KCRW&rft.atitle=Fufu%3A+How+to+make%2C+eat%2C+and+what+to+pair+with+the+West+African+staple&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcrw.com%2Fculture%2Fshows%2Fgood-food%2Fjoan-didion-potato-masher-sesame-oil-gas-stoves%2Fart-of-fufu-kavachi-ukegbu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcWilliams2005" class="citation book cs1">McWilliams, J.E. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mcDVbt86uSYC&pg=PA33"><i>A Revolution in Eating: How the Quest for Food Shaped America</i></a>. Arts and Traditions of the Table: Perspectives on Culinary History Series. Columbia University Press. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12992-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-12992-3"><bdi>978-0-231-12992-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Revolution+in+Eating%3A+How+the+Quest+for+Food+Shaped+America&rft.series=Arts+and+Traditions+of+the+Table%3A+Perspectives+on+Culinary+History+Series&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-231-12992-3&rft.aulast=McWilliams&rft.aufirst=J.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmcDVbt86uSYC%26pg%3DPA33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C2C-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-C2C_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDorinda_Hafner" class="citation web cs1">Dorinda Hafner. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://recipes.chef2chef.net/recipe-archive/30/164262.shtml">"Maafe – Chicken And Peanut Stew – Mali"</a>. <i>Chef2Chef culinary portal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chef2Chef+culinary+portal&rft.atitle=Maafe+%E2%80%93+Chicken+And+Peanut+Stew+%E2%80%93+Mali&rft.au=Dorinda+Hafner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frecipes.chef2chef.net%2Frecipe-archive%2F30%2F164262.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yumyum.com/recipe.htm?ID=21716">Um'bido (greens & Peanuts) Recipe</a> Ghanaian Maafe: My Changing Memories of Mafe</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUkegbu2021" class="citation book cs1">Ukegbu, Kavachi Michelle (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1241244901"><i>The art of fufu : a guide to the culture and flavors of a West African tradition</i></a>. Grubido. Austin, Texas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62634-596-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62634-596-6"><bdi>978-1-62634-596-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1241244901">1241244901</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+art+of+fufu+%3A+a+guide+to+the+culture+and+flavors+of+a+West+African+tradition&rft.place=Austin%2C+Texas&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1241244901&rft.isbn=978-1-62634-596-6&rft.aulast=Ukegbu&rft.aufirst=Kavachi+Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1241244901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hillmanwonders.com/cuisines/west_african_cuisine.htm">"West African cuisine"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=West+African+cuisine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hillmanwonders.com%2Fcuisines%2Fwest_african_cuisine.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_African_cuisine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassaquoi2011" class="citation book cs1">Massaquoi, Rachel C. J. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bKwN7Absx6AC&q=West+African+cuisine"><i>Foods of Sierra Leone and Other West African Countries: A Cookbook</i></a>. AuthorHouse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4490-8154-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4490-8154-6"><bdi>978-1-4490-8154-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foods+of+Sierra+Leone+and+Other+West+African+Countries%3A+A+Cookbook&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4490-8154-6&rft.aulast=Massaquoi&rft.aufirst=Rachel+C.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbKwN7Absx6AC%26q%3DWest%2BAfrican%2Bcuisine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN'Dour2004" class="citation book cs1">N'Dour, Youssou (2004). <i>Sénégal, - La cuisine de ma mère</i>. Geneva: Editions Minerve.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=S%C3%A9n%C3%A9gal%2C+-+La+cuisine+de+ma+m%C3%A8re&rft.place=Geneva&rft.pub=Editions+Minerve&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=N%27Dour&rft.aufirst=Youssou&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFN'Dour2006" class="citation book cs1">N'Dour, Youssou (2006). <i>Senegal, - Die Küche meiner Mutter</i>. Munich: <a href="/wiki/Christian_Verlag" title="Christian Verlag">Christian Verlag</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-88472-636-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-88472-636-6"><bdi>3-88472-636-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Senegal%2C+-+Die+K%C3%BCche+meiner+Mutter&rft.place=Munich&rft.pub=Christian+Verlag&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=3-88472-636-6&rft.aulast=N%27Dour&rft.aufirst=Youssou&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+African+cuisine" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:African_cuisine" title="Template:African cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:African_cuisine" title="Template talk:African cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:African_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:African cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="African_cuisine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African_cuisine" title="African cuisine">African cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National cuisines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_cuisine" title="Algerian cuisine">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_cuisine" title="Angolan cuisine">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin_cuisine" title="Benin cuisine">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_cuisine" title="Botswana cuisine">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkinab%C3%A9_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Burkinabé cuisine">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundian_cuisine" title="Burundian cuisine">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroonian_cuisine" title="Cameroonian cuisine">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdean_cuisine" title="Cape Verdean cuisine">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cuisine of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_cuisine" title="Chadian cuisine">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comorian_cuisine" title="Comorian cuisine">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_cuisine" title="Congolese cuisine">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djiboutian_cuisine" title="Djiboutian cuisine">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_cuisine" title="Eritrean cuisine">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Eswatini" title="Cuisine of Eswatini">Eswatini (Swaziland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_cuisine" title="Ethiopian cuisine">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabonese_cuisine" title="Gabonese cuisine">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_cuisine" title="Gambian cuisine">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_cuisine" title="Ghanaian cuisine">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissauan_cuisine" title="Guinea-Bissauan cuisine">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivorian_cuisine" title="Ivorian cuisine">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenyan cuisine">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Lesotho" title="Cuisine of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_cuisine" title="Liberian cuisine">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_cuisine" title="Libyan cuisine">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_cuisine" title="Malagasy cuisine">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_cuisine" title="Malawian cuisine">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_cuisine" title="Malian cuisine">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritanian_cuisine" title="Mauritanian cuisine">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_cuisine" title="Moroccan cuisine">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Mozambique" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_cuisine" title="Namibian cuisine">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Niger" title="Cuisine of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_cuisine" title="Nigerian cuisine">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_cuisine" title="Congolese cuisine">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_cuisine" title="Rwandan cuisine">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Saint_Helena" title="Cuisine of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Cuisine of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_cuisine" title="Senegalese cuisine">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_cuisine" title="Seychellois cuisine">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leonean_cuisine" title="Sierra Leonean cuisine">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_cuisine" title="Somali cuisine">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_cuisine" title="South African cuisine">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudanese_cuisine" title="South Sudanese cuisine">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_cuisine" title="Sudanese cuisine">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanzanian cuisine">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_cuisine" title="Togolese cuisine">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_cuisine" title="Tunisian cuisine">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_cuisine" title="Ugandan cuisine">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Saharan_cuisine" title="Western Saharan cuisine">Western Sahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_cuisine" title="Zambian cuisine">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimbabwean cuisine">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic and regional cuisines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_cuisine" title="Berber cuisine">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cuisine" title="Jewish cuisine">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Jewish_cuisine" title="Ethiopian Jewish cuisine">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Mizrahi_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of the Mizrahi Jews">Mizrahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardi_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi cuisine">Sephardi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_cuisine" title="Maghrebi cuisine">Maghrebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">West African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibari_cuisine" title="Zanzibari cuisine">Zanzibar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_cuisines" title="List of African cuisines">List of African cuisines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_dishes" title="List of African dishes">List of African dishes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:African_cuisine" title="Category:African cuisine">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cuisines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cuisines" title="Template:Cuisines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cuisines" title="Template talk:Cuisines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cuisines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cuisines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">Cuisines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Continental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_cuisine" title="African cuisine">African</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maghrebi_cuisine" title="Maghrebi cuisine">North</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_cuisines" title="List of African cuisines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Americas" title="Cuisine of the Americas">Americas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_cuisine" title="Caribbean cuisine">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_cuisine" title="North American cuisine">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_cuisine" title="South American cuisine">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cuisines_of_the_Americas" title="List of cuisines of the Americas">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_cuisine" title="Asian cuisine">Asian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dishes_from_the_Caucasus" title="List of dishes from the Caucasus">Caucasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_cuisine" title="Central Asian cuisine">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_cuisine" title="Levantine cuisine">Levantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_cuisine" title="South Asian cuisine">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_cuisines" title="List of Asian cuisines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_cuisine" title="European cuisine">European</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_cuisine" title="Central European cuisine">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_cuisine" title="Eastern European cuisine">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_cuisines" title="List of European cuisines">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceanian_cuisine" title="Oceanian cuisine">Oceanian</a></li> <li>Intercontinental <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_cuisine" title="Global cuisine">Global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_cuisine" title="Latin American cuisine">Latin American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_cuisine" title="Middle Eastern cuisine">Middle Eastern</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_dish" title="National dish">National</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Regional_cuisine" title="Regional cuisine">regional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_cuisine" title="Afghan cuisine">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_cuisine" title="Albanian cuisine">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_cuisine" title="Algerian cuisine">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cuisine" title="American cuisine">American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_cuisine" title="California cuisine">Californian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floribbean_cuisine" title="Floribbean cuisine">Floribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Cuisine of Hawaii">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowcountry_cuisine" title="Lowcountry cuisine">Lowcountry (South Carolina)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Midwestern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Midwestern United States">Midwestern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_New_England" title="Cuisine of New England">New English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexican_cuisine" title="New Mexican cuisine">New Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest_cuisine" title="Pacific Northwest cuisine">Pacific Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_cuisine" title="Puerto Rican cuisine">Puerto Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southern United States">Southern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Southwestern_United_States" title="Cuisine of the Southwestern United States">Southwestern US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texan_cuisine" title="Texan cuisine">Texan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_cuisine" title="Angolan cuisine">Angolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_cuisine" title="Argentine cuisine">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_cuisine" title="Armenian cuisine">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_cuisine" title="Australian cuisine">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_cuisine" title="Austrian cuisine">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_cuisine" title="Azerbaijani cuisine">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahraini_cuisine" title="Bahraini cuisine">Bahraini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cuisine" title="Bangladeshi cuisine">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbadian_cuisine" title="Barbadian cuisine">Barbadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_cuisine" title="Belarusian cuisine">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_cuisine" title="Belgian cuisine">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belizean_cuisine" title="Belizean cuisine">Belizean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin_cuisine" title="Benin cuisine">Beninese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutanese_cuisine" title="Bhutanese cuisine">Bhutanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_cuisine" title="Bolivian cuisine">Bolivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnian-Herzegovinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_cuisine" title="Botswana cuisine">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_cuisine" title="Brazilian cuisine">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_cuisine" title="British cuisine">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguillian_cuisine" title="Anguillian cuisine">Anguillia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Islands_cuisine" title="Channel Islands cuisine">Channel Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_cuisine" title="English cuisine">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltarian_cuisine" title="Gibraltarian cuisine">Gibraltarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Irish_cuisine" title="Northern Irish cuisine">Northern Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Saint_Helena" title="Cuisine of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_cuisine" title="Scottish cuisine">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cuisine" title="Welsh cuisine">Welsh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_cuisine" title="Bruneian cuisine">Bruneian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_cuisine" title="Bulgarian cuisine">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkinabe_cuisine" title="Burkinabe cuisine">Burkinabé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_cuisine" title="Burmese cuisine">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundian_cuisine" title="Burundian cuisine">Burundian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_cuisine" title="Cambodian cuisine">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroonian_cuisine" title="Cameroonian cuisine">Cameroonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_cuisine" title="Canadian cuisine">Canadian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_cuisine" title="Acadian cuisine">Acadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Quebec" title="Cuisine of Quebec">Québécois</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cuisine of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_cuisine" title="Chadian cuisine">Chadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_cuisine" title="Chilean cuisine">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_cuisine" title="Beijing cuisine">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_cuisine" title="Shandong cuisine">Shandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_cuisine" title="Sichuan cuisine">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_cuisine" title="Tibetan cuisine">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_cuisine" title="Uyghur cuisine">Xinjiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_cuisine" title="Colombian cuisine">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_cuisine" title="Congolese cuisine">Congolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_cuisine" title="Cuban cuisine">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_cuisine" title="Cypriot cuisine">Cypriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_cuisine" title="Czech cuisine">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_cuisine" title="Danish cuisine">Danish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_cuisine" title="Faroese cuisine">Faroese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_cuisine" title="Greenlandic cuisine">Greenlandic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djiboutian_cuisine" title="Djiboutian cuisine">Djiboutian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica_cuisine" title="Dominica cuisine">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic_cuisine" title="Dominican Republic cuisine">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_cuisine" title="Dutch cuisine">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_East_Timor" title="Cuisine of East Timor">East Timorese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_cuisine" title="Ecuadorian cuisine">Ecuadorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_cuisine" title="Egyptian cuisine">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirati_cuisine" title="Emirati cuisine">Emirati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_cuisine" title="Eritrean cuisine">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_cuisine" title="Estonian cuisine">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_cuisine" title="Ethiopian cuisine">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_cuisine" title="Fijian cuisine">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_cuisine" title="Filipino cuisine">Filipino</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapampangan_cuisine" title="Kapampangan cuisine">Kapampangan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_cuisine" title="Finnish cuisine">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">French</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Corsica" title="Cuisine of Corsica">Corsican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Cuisine of Réunion">La Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guianan_cuisine" title="French Guianan cuisine">French Guianan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occitan_cuisine" title="Occitan cuisine">Occitan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabonese_cuisine" title="Gabonese cuisine">Gabonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_cuisine" title="Gambian cuisine">Gambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_cuisine" title="German cuisine">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_cuisine" title="Ghanaian cuisine">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_cuisine" title="Greek cuisine">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretan_cuisine" title="Cretan cuisine">Cretan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirotic_cuisine" title="Epirotic cuisine">Epirotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Macedonian_cuisine" title="Greek Macedonian cuisine">Greek Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="Cuisine of the Ionian Islands">Heptanesean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_cuisine" title="Guatemalan cuisine">Guatemalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissauan_cuisine" title="Guinea-Bissauan cuisine">Guinea-Bissauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Guinea" title="Cuisine of Guinea">Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_cuisine" title="Haitian cuisine">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_cuisine" title="Honduran cuisine">Honduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_cuisine" title="Icelandic cuisine">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_cuisine" title="Andhra cuisine">Andhra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachali_cuisine" title="Arunachali cuisine">Arunachali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assamese_cuisine" title="Assamese cuisine">Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_cuisine" title="Bengali cuisine">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihari_cuisine" title="Bihari cuisine">Bihari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarhi_cuisine" title="Chhattisgarhi cuisine">Chhattisgarhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goan_cuisine" title="Goan cuisine">Goan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_cuisine" title="Gujarati cuisine">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryanvi_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Haryanvi cuisine">Haryanvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_cuisine" title="Kashmiri cuisine">Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhandi_cuisine" title="Jharkhandi cuisine">Jharkhandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_cuisine" title="Karnataka cuisine">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_cuisine" title="Kerala cuisine">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtrian_cuisine" title="Maharashtrian cuisine">Maharashtrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipuri_cuisine" title="Manipuri cuisine">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghalayan_cuisine" title="Meghalayan cuisine">Meghalayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_cuisine" title="Mizo cuisine">Mizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_cuisine" title="Naga cuisine">Naga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odia_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Odia cuisine">Odia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_cuisine" title="Punjabi cuisine">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthani_cuisine" title="Rajasthani cuisine">Rajasthani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkimese_cuisine" title="Sikkimese cuisine">Sikkimese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine" title="Sindhi cuisine">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_cuisine" title="Tamil cuisine">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_cuisine" title="Telangana cuisine">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_cuisine" title="Tripuri cuisine">Tripuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_cuisine" title="Uttar Pradesh cuisine">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhandi_cuisine" title="Uttarakhandi cuisine">Uttarakhandi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_cuisine" title="Acehnese cuisine">Acehnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_cuisine" title="Balinese cuisine">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjar_cuisine" title="Banjar cuisine">Banjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak_cuisine" title="Batak cuisine">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betawi_cuisine" title="Betawi cuisine">Betawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorontalo_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorontalo cuisine">Gorontalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo_cuisine" title="Indo cuisine">Indo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_cuisine" title="Javanese cuisine">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurese_cuisine" title="Madurese cuisine">Madurese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar_cuisine" title="Makassar cuisine">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minahasan_cuisine" title="Minahasan cuisine">Minahasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang_cuisine" title="Padang cuisine">Minangkabau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang_cuisine" title="Palembang cuisine">Palembangese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_cuisine" title="Sundanese cuisine">Sundanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_cuisine" title="Iranian cuisine">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_cuisine" title="Iraqi cuisine">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cuisine" title="Irish cuisine">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_cuisine" title="Israeli cuisine">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Abruzzo" title="Cuisine of Abruzzo">Abruzzese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apulian_cuisine" title="Apulian cuisine">Apulian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Liguria" title="Cuisine of Liguria">Ligurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_cuisine" title="Lombard cuisine">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Basilicata" title="Cuisine of Basilicata">Lucanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_cuisine" title="Neapolitan cuisine">Neapolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmontese_cuisine" title="Piedmontese cuisine">Piedmontese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_cuisine" title="Roman cuisine">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Sardinia" title="Cuisine of Sardinia">Sardinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_cuisine" title="Sicilian cuisine">Sicilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscan_food" title="Tuscan food">Tuscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Veneto" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Veneto">Venetian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivorian_cuisine" title="Ivorian cuisine">Ivorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_cuisine" title="Jamaican cuisine">Jamaican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cuisine" title="Japanese cuisine">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_cuisine" title="Okinawan cuisine">Okinawan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_cuisine" title="Jordanian cuisine">Jordanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_cuisine" title="Kazakh cuisine">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenyan cuisine">Kenyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_cuisine" title="North Korean cuisine">North Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_cuisine" title="South Korean cuisine">South Korean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan cuisine">Kosovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_cuisine" title="Kuwaiti cuisine">Kuwaiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_cuisine" title="Kyrgyz cuisine">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_cuisine" title="Lao cuisine">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_cuisine" title="Latvian cuisine">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_cuisine" title="Lebanese cuisine">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Lesotho" title="Cuisine of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_cuisine" title="Liberian cuisine">Liberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_cuisine" title="Libyan cuisine">Libyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_cuisine" title="Liechtenstein cuisine">Liechtensteiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_cuisine" title="Lithuanian cuisine">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Luxembourg" title="Cuisine of Luxembourg">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_cuisine" title="Macedonian cuisine">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_cuisine" title="Malagasy cuisine">Malagasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_cuisine" title="Malawian cuisine">Malawian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_cuisine" title="Malaysian cuisine">Malaysian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabahan_cuisine" title="Sabahan cuisine">Sabahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawakian_cuisine" title="Sarawakian cuisine">Sarawakian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivian_cuisine" title="Maldivian cuisine">Maldivian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_cuisine" title="Malian cuisine">Malian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_cuisine" title="Maltese cuisine">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshallese_cuisine" title="Marshallese cuisine">Marshallese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritanian_cuisine" title="Mauritanian cuisine">Mauritanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_cuisine" title="Mauritian cuisine">Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_cuisine" title="Mexican cuisine">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_cuisine" title="Moldovan cuisine">Moldovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_cuisine" title="Monégasque cuisine">Monégasque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_cuisine" title="Mongolian cuisine">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_cuisine" title="Moroccan cuisine">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambican_cuisine" title="Mozambican cuisine">Mozambican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_cuisine" title="Namibian cuisine">Namibian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_cuisine" title="Nauruan cuisine">Nauruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_cuisine" title="Nepalese cuisine">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cuisine" title="New Zealand cuisine">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_cuisine" title="Nicaraguan cuisine">Nicaraguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Niger" title="Cuisine of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_cuisine" title="Nigerian cuisine">Nigerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niuean_cuisine" title="Niuean cuisine">Niuean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_cuisine" title="Norwegian cuisine">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_cuisine" title="Omani cuisine">Omani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cuisine" title="Pakistani cuisine">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_cuisine" title="Palestinian cuisine">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_cuisine" title="Panamanian cuisine">Panamanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinean_cuisine" title="Papua New Guinean cuisine">Papua New Guinean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_cuisine" title="Paraguayan cuisine">Paraguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cuisine" title="Peruvian cuisine">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_cuisine" title="Polish cuisine">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_cuisine" title="Qatari cuisine">Qatari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_cuisine" title="Romanian cuisine">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_cuisine" title="Russian cuisine">Russian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_cuisine" title="Bashkir cuisine">Bashkir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_cuisine" title="Chechen cuisine">Chechen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circassian_cuisine" title="Circassian cuisine">Circassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_cuisine" title="Cossack cuisine">Cossack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_cuisine" title="Komi cuisine">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovian_cuisine" title="Mordovian cuisine">Mordovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakha_cuisine" title="Sakha cuisine">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_cuisine" title="Tatar cuisine">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_cuisine" title="Udmurt cuisine">Udmurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal_cuisine" title="Yamal cuisine">Yamal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_cuisine" title="Rwandan cuisine">Rwandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucian_cuisine" title="Saint Lucian cuisine">Saint Lucian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_cuisine" title="Salvadoran cuisine">Salvadoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_cuisine" title="Sammarinese cuisine">Sammarinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Cuisine of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Saudi Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_cuisine" title="Senegalese cuisine">Senegalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_cuisine" title="Serbian cuisine">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychellois_cuisine" title="Seychellois cuisine">Seychellois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leonean_cuisine" title="Sierra Leonean cuisine">Sierra Leonean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_cuisine" title="Singaporean cuisine">Singaporean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_cuisine" title="Slovak cuisine">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_cuisine" title="Slovenian cuisine">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_cuisine" title="Somali cuisine">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_cuisine" title="South African cuisine">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_cuisine" title="Spanish cuisine">Spanish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_cuisine" title="Andalusian cuisine">Andalusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asturian_cuisine" title="Asturian cuisine">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_cuisine" title="Balearic cuisine">Balearic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_cuisine" title="Basque cuisine">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_cuisine" title="Canarian cuisine">Canarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_cuisine" title="Cantabrian cuisine">Cantabrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_cuisine" title="Catalan cuisine">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremaduran_cuisine" title="Extremaduran cuisine">Extremaduran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_cuisine" title="Galician cuisine">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchego_cuisine" title="Manchego cuisine">Manchegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_cuisine" title="Valencian cuisine">Valencian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_cuisine" title="Sri Lankan cuisine">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_cuisine" title="Sudanese cuisine">Sudanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Eswatini" title="Cuisine of Eswatini">Swazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_cuisine" title="Swedish cuisine">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_cuisine" title="Swiss cuisine">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_cuisine" title="Syrian cuisine">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine" title="Taiwanese cuisine">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_cuisine" title="Tajik cuisine">Tajik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanzanian cuisine">Tanzanian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibari_cuisine" title="Zanzibari cuisine">Zanzibari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_cuisine" title="Thai cuisine">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_cuisine" title="Togolese cuisine">Togolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_cuisine" title="Tunisian cuisine">Tunisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_cuisine" title="Turkish cuisine">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_cuisine" title="Turkmen cuisine">Turkmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_cuisine" title="Tuvaluan cuisine">Tuvaluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago_cuisine" title="Trinidad and Tobago cuisine">Trinidadian and Tobagonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_cuisine" title="Ugandan cuisine">Ugandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cuisine" title="Ukrainian cuisine">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_cuisine" title="Uruguayan cuisine">Uruguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_cuisine" title="Uzbek cuisine">Uzbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatuan_cuisine" title="Vanuatuan cuisine">Vanuatuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_cuisine" title="Venezuelan cuisine">Venezuelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine" title="Vietnamese cuisine">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Saharan_cuisine" title="Western Saharan cuisine">Western Saharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Yemeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_cuisine" title="Zambian cuisine">Zambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimbabwean cuisine">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soul_food" title="Soul food">African American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_cuisine" title="Ainu cuisine">Ainu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_cuisine" title="Arab cuisine">Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Arab Indonesian cuisine">Arab-Indonesian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_cuisine" title="Aromanian cuisine">Aromanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_cuisine" title="Assyrian cuisine">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Balochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_cuisine" title="Berber cuisine">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryat_cuisine" title="Buryat cuisine">Buryat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cajun_cuisine" title="Cajun cuisine">Cajun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Chinese_cuisine" title="American Chinese cuisine">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Australian Chinese cuisine">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Chinese_cuisine" title="British Chinese cuisine">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Cambodian Chinese cuisine">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Canadian Chinese cuisine">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Chinese_cuisine" title="Filipino Chinese cuisine">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Chinese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Chinese cuisine">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Chinese Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Malaysian Chinese cuisine">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Chinese_cuisine" title="Pakistani Chinese cuisine">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifa" title="Chifa">Peruvian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_cuisine" title="Crimean Tatar cuisine">Crimean Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagauz_cuisine" title="Gagauz cuisine">Gagauz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek-American_cuisine" title="Greek-American cuisine">Greek-American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazaragi_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazaragi cuisine">Hazaragi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_cuisine" title="Hmong cuisine">Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Indian_cuisine" title="Anglo-Indian cuisine">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Indian Indonesian cuisine">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Indian_cuisine" title="Malaysian Indian cuisine">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Indian_cuisine" title="North Indian cuisine">North Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Indian_cuisine" title="South Indian cuisine">South Indian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_cuisine_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous cuisine of the Americas">Indigenous American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_tucker" title="Bush tucker">Indigenous Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_cuisine" title="Inuit cuisine">Inuit</a></li> <li><a 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cuisine">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livonian_cuisine" title="Livonian cuisine">Livonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole_cuisine" title="Louisiana Creole cuisine">Louisiana Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_cuisine" title="Malay cuisine">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_cuisine" title="Ossetian cuisine">Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsi_cuisine" title="Parsi cuisine">Parsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_cuisine" title="Pashtun cuisine">Pashtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Pennsylvania_Dutch" title="Cuisine of the Pennsylvania Dutch">Pennsylvania Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peranakan_cuisine" title="Peranakan cuisine">Peranakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontic_Greek_cuisine" title="Pontic Greek cuisine">Pontic Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_cuisine" title="Romani cuisine">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_cuisine" title="Sámi cuisine">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex-Mex" title="Tex-Mex">Tejano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Saxon_cuisine" title="Transylvanian Saxon cuisine">Transylvanian Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yup%27ik_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Yup'ik cuisine">Yup'ik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_cuisine" title="Buddhist cuisine">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_dietary_laws" title="Christian dietary laws">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goan_Catholic_cuisine" title="Goan Catholic cuisine">Goan Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangalorean_Catholic_cuisine" title="Mangalorean Catholic cuisine">Mangalorean Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonite_cuisine" title="Mennonite cuisine">Mennonite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_dietary_laws" title="Islamic dietary laws">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ital" title="Ital">Ital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_vegetarianism" title="Jain vegetarianism">Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashrut" title="Kashrut">Kashrut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosher food">Kosher food</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual_slaughter" title="Ritual slaughter">Ritual slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism" title="Diet in Sikhism">Sikh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_cuisines" title="List of historical cuisines">Historical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_cuisine" title="Ancient Egyptian cuisine">Ancient Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_cuisine" title="Ancient Greek cuisine">Ancient Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Israelite_cuisine" title="Ancient Israelite cuisine">Ancient Israelite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_cuisine" title="Ancient Roman cuisine">Ancient Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Antebellum_America" title="Cuisine of Antebellum America">Antebellum America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_cuisine" title="Aztec cuisine">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_cuisine" title="Byzantine cuisine">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_European_cuisine" title="Early modern European cuisine">Early modern European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Argentine_cuisine" title="History of Argentine cuisine">Historical Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine" title="History of Chinese cuisine">Historical Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indian_cuisine" title="History of Indian cuisine">Historical Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Japanese_cuisine" title="History of Japanese cuisine">Historical Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_North_Indian_and_Pakistani_foods" title="Origins of North Indian and Pakistani foods">Historical North Indian and Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture" title="History of agriculture">History of agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_alcoholic_drinks" title="History of alcoholic drinks">History of alcoholic drinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bread" title="History of bread">History of bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_seafood" title="History of seafood">History of seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_vegetarianism" title="History of vegetarianism">History of vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_cuisine" title="Hittite cuisine">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_cuisine" title="Inca cuisine">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_cuisine" title="Ancient Maya cuisine">Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_cuisine" title="Muisca cuisine">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughlai_cuisine" title="Mughlai cuisine">Mughal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_cuisine" title="Medieval cuisine">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_cuisine" title="Ottoman cuisine">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_foods" title="Peasant foods">Peasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_cuisine_of_Hawaii" title="Native cuisine of Hawaii">Pre-contact Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_royal_court_cuisine" title="Korean royal court cuisine">Korean royal court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_the_Scottish_royal_household" title="Food and the Scottish royal household">Scottish royal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_cuisine" title="Soviet cuisine">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Thirteen_Colonies" title="Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_classique" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine classique">Classique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">Fast food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusion_cuisine" title="Fusion cuisine">Fusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_American_cuisine" title="New American cuisine">New American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_cuisine_of_Singapore_and_Malaysia" title="Eurasian cuisine of Singapore and Malaysia">Eurasian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haute_cuisine" title="Haute cuisine">Haute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_gastronomy" title="Molecular gastronomy">Molecular gastronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Note_by_Note_cuisine" title="Note by Note cuisine">Note by Note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_cuisine" title="Nouvelle cuisine">Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_cuisine" title="Vegetarian cuisine">Vegetarian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cuisines" title="List of cuisines">List of cuisines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_cuisines" title="List of historical cuisines">List of historical cuisines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_foods" title="Lists of foods">Lists of foods</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_prepared_foods" title="Lists of prepared foods">Prepared</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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