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property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//af.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Wysig" href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (af)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//af.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.af"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atoomvoer" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Vel rootpage-Vel skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Gaan na inhoud</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hoofkieslys" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofkieslys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofkieslys</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Besoek die Tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-af.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Soek" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Soek</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Deursoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Deursoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Deursoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesiaal:Soek"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Soek</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Vel" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Vel" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Vel" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Vel" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Diere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Diere</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Diere-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Diere subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Diere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ongewerwelde_diere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ongewerwelde_diere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ongewerwelde diere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ongewerwelde_diere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gewerwelde_diere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gewerwelde_diere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Gewerwelde diere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gewerwelde_diere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Die_mens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_mens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Die mens</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Die_mens-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Die mens subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Die_mens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Epidermis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epidermis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Epidermis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Epidermis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dermis_en_bloedvate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dermis_en_bloedvate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dermis en bloedvate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dermis_en_bloedvate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senuwees_en_sweetkliere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senuwees_en_sweetkliere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Senuwees en sweetkliere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senuwees_en_sweetkliere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sien_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sien_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sien ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sien_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronnelys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronnelys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bronnelys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronnelys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 160 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-160" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">160 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haut" title="Haut – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Haut" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%86%E1%8B%B3" title="ቆዳ – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቆዳ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piel" title="Piel – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Piel" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akpalek" title="Akpalek – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Akpalek" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF" title="جلد – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جلد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%93%DC%A0%DC%95%DC%90" title="ܓܠܕܐ – Aramees" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܓܠܕܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="ছাল – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ছাল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piel" title="Piel – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Piel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocaki" title="Ocaki – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Ocaki" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Хъал – Avaries" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Хъал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janchi_lip%27ichi" title="Janchi lip'ichi – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Janchi lip'ichi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99ri" title="Dəri – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="دری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тире – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тире" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C5%ABra" title="Skūra – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Skūra" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kublit" title="Kublit – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kublit" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulit" title="Kulit – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Kulit" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скура – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Скура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Скура – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Скура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulit" title="Kulit – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kulit" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Кожа – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кожа" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulimbit" title="Kulimbit – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kulimbit" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="চামড়া – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চামড়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroc%27hen" title="Kroc'hen – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kroc'hen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%BEa" title="Koža – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Koža" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D2%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Арһан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Арһан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pell" title="Pell – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%C3%B2i-h%C5%AD" title="Puòi-hŭ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Puòi-hŭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="پێست – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%AF%C5%BEe" title="Kůže – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kůže" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Тир – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тир" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croen" title="Croen – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Croen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hud" title="Hud – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hud" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haut" title="Haut – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Haut" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post%C4%B1k" title="Postık – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Postık" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ހަން – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހަން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Δέρμα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δέρμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin" title="Skin – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Skin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%C5%ADto" title="Haŭto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Haŭto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piel" title="Piel – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Piel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahk" title="Nahk – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nahk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larruazal" title="Larruazal – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Larruazal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piel" title="Piel – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Piel" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="پوست – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پوست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iho" title="Iho – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Iho" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahk" title="Nahk – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Nahk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuli" title="Kuli – Fidjiaans" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kuli" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fidjiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BA%C3%B0" title="Húð – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Húð" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peau" title="Peau – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BBd" title="Hûd – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hûd" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craiceann" title="Craiceann – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Craiceann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapo" title="Lapo – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lapo" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craiceann" title="Craiceann – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Craiceann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pel" title="Pel – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pel" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pire" title="Pire – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pire" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fata" title="Fata – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Fata" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%AC-f%C3%BB" title="Phì-fû – Hakka-Sjinees" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Phì-fû" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A8" title="עור – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE" title="त्वचा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="त्वचा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamrra" title="Chamrra – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chamrra" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%BEa" title="Koža – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Koža" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%91r_(anat%C3%B3mia)" title="Bőr (anatómia) – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bőr (anatómia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%AF" title="Մաշկ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մաշկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelle" title="Pelle – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pelle" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulit" title="Kulit – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kulit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uvi%C3%B1iq" title="Uviñiq – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uviñiq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudil" title="Kudil – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kudil" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelo" title="Pelo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pelo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BA%C3%B0" title="Húð – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Húð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelle" title="Pelle – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pelle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A" title="皮膚 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="皮膚" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulit" title="Kulit – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kulit" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="კანი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aglim" title="Aglim – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aglim" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%94n%CA%8A%CA%8A" title="Tɔnʊʊ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tɔnʊʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwa_(vam)" title="Kwa (vam) – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Kwa (vam)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bawak" title="Bawak – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bawak" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Тері – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಚರ್ಮ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಚರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EB%B6%80" title="피부 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="피부" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%8E%D9%85" title="ژَم – Kasjmirs" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ژَم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmirs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kneus" title="Kneus – Kornies" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kneus" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Тери – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тери" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutis" title="Cutis – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cutis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haut" title="Haut – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Haut" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D1%83" title="Бурчу – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Бурчу" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pel" title="Pel – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Pel" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoed" title="Hoed – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Hoed" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pell" title="Pell – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pell" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lomposo" title="Lomposo – Lingaals" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lomposo" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oda" title="Oda – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Oda" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80da" title="Āda – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Āda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoditra" title="Hoditra – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hoditra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Кожа – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кожа" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%82" title="ചർമ്മം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചർമ്മം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%81" title="Арьс – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Арьс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE" title="त्वचा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="त्वचा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulit" title="Kulit – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kulit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="အရေပြား – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အရေပြား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huut" title="Huut – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Huut" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="छाला – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="छाला" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%82" title="छेंगू – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="छेंगू" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huid" title="Huid – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Huid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hud" title="Hud – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hud" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hud" title="Hud – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hud" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9_(la)" title="Pé (la) – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Pé (la)" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8u" title="Pèu – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pèu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਖੱਲ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖੱਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balat" title="Balat – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Balat" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%B3ra" title="Skóra – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skóra" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%84" title="کھل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کھل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="پوستکی – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوستکی" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pele" title="Pele – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pele" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara" title="Qara – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qara" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pel" title="Pel – Reto-Romaans" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Pel" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piele_(anatomie)" title="Piele (anatomie) – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Piele (anatomie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheali" title="Cheali – Aromanies" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Cheali" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Кожа – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кожа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="चर्म – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="चर्म" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Тирии – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тирии" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ – Santalies" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peddi" title="Peddi – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Peddi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin" title="Skin – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Skin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84" title="کل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="کل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liiki" title="Liiki – Noord-Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Liiki" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Noord-Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%BEa" title="Koža – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Koža" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin" title="Skin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Skin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%BEa" title="Koža – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Koža" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%BEa" title="Koža – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Koža" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganda" title="Ganda – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ganda" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maqaar" title="Maqaar – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Maqaar" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ABkura" title="Lëkura – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lëkura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Кожа – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кожа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulit" title="Kulit – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kulit" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hud" title="Hud – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hud" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngozi" title="Ngozi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ngozi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/banges" title="banges – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="banges" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="தோல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தோல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="చర్మము – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="చర్మము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D3%AF%D1%81%D1%82" title="Пӯст – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Пӯст" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="ผิวหนัง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ผิวหนัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balat_(anatomiya)" title="Balat (anatomiya) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Balat (anatomiya)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deri" title="Deri – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тире – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тире" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%90%D8%B1%DB%95" title="تېرە – Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تېرە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Шкіра – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шкіра" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF" title="جلد – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جلد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teri" title="Teri – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Teri" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pele" title="Pele – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pele" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahk" title="Nahk – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Nahk" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da" title="Da – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Da" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea" title="Pea – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pea" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panit" title="Panit – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panit" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%82%A4" title="皮肤 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="皮肤" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Арсан – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Арсан" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98" title="הויט – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הויט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naeng" title="Naeng – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Naeng" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A" title="皮膚 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="皮膚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pho%C3%AA-hu" title="Phoê-hu – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Phoê-hu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%AE" title="皮 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="皮" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1074#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vel" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Vel" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Human_skin_structure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Human_skin_structure.jpg/300px-Human_skin_structure.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Human_skin_structure.jpg/450px-Human_skin_structure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Human_skin_structure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="363" /></a><figcaption>'n Gedeelte-aansig van menslike vel</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Skinn_layer_drawing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Skinn_layer_drawing.jpg/300px-Skinn_layer_drawing.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Skinn_layer_drawing.jpg/450px-Skinn_layer_drawing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Skinn_layer_drawing.jpg/600px-Skinn_layer_drawing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="893" data-file-height="597" /></a><figcaption>Deursnee van die menslike vel: 1=horinglaag, 2=epidermis 1+2=opperhuid 3=dermis (onderhuid), 4=subkutane weefsel</figcaption></figure> <p>Die <b>vel</b> is 'n uitwendige <a href="/wiki/Orgaan" title="Orgaan">orgaan</a> van 'n mens of 'n dier wat die grootste deel van die liggaam bedek. Dit bestaan uit verskeie lae weefsel wat die onderliggende <a href="/wiki/Spier" title="Spier">spiere</a> en <a href="/wiki/Orgaan" title="Orgaan">organe</a> beskerm. Ander take is insolasie, temperatuurbeskerming, sensasie, en die sintese van vitamiene B en D. </p><p>Die vel het pigmentasie wat deur melanosiete verskaf word. Die melanosiete absorbeer van die potensieel skadelike bestraling in sonlig. Dit bevat ook DNS-ensieme vir die herstel van <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultravioletskade</a> (UV-skade); daar is hoë voorkoms van velkanker by mense sonder hierdie gene. Een tipe velkanker wat deur UV-lig gevorm word, die kwaadaardige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melanoom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melanoom (bladsy bestaan nie)">melanoom</a>, versprei baie vinnig en is meestal dodelik. Pigmentasiehoeveelheid verskil drasties tussen verskillende groepe mense. Beskadigde vel probeer te herstel met die vorming van 'n litteken, wat soms 'n kleurverandering op daardie plek kan teweegbring. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Soogdier" title="Soogdier">Soogdiere</a> se vel het gewoonlik hare. Waar dit dig genoeg voorkom, word dit pels genoem. Dit verbeter die isolasie wat die vel versaf, maar dit kan ook dien as kamoflering of as 'n geslagseienskap. By party diere is die vel baie hard en dik, en dermate dat dit deur die <a href="/wiki/Mens" title="Mens">mens</a> gebruik kan word om <a href="/wiki/Leer_(stof)" title="Leer (stof)">leerprodukte</a> te maak. <a href="/wiki/Reptiel" title="Reptiel">Reptiele</a> en <a href="/wiki/Vis" title="Vis">visse</a> het harde beskermende skubbe, terwyl <a href="/wiki/Vo%C3%ABl" title="Voël">voëls</a> vere het wat bestaan uit geharde β-karotene. Amfibiëe se vel laat chemikaliëe makliker deur. </p><p>Die vel word gereeld "die grootste orgaan van die mens" genoem. Dit is waar wat betref vir die <a href="/wiki/Oppervlak" title="Oppervlak">oppervlak</a> daarvan, en die <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a> - dit beslaan omtrent 15% van die liggaamsgewig. Die vel van 'n gemiddelde volwasse mens beslaan omtrent 1,5 tot 2 vierkante meter, die meeste daarvan sowat 2–3 mm dik. </p><p>Die vel op 'n mens se gesig is gewoonlik die deel van 'n mens wat die meeste sigbaar is onder die mees algemene sosiale omstandighede. Die versorging van die gesig is dus vir baie belangrik en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grimering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grimering (bladsy bestaan nie)">grimering</a> en ander skoonheidsmiddels word gebruik vir die versorging en verfraaiing van die vel. </p><p>Die mediese spesialisasierigting wat met die vel te doen het, word <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dermatologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dermatologie (bladsy bestaan nie)">dermatologie</a> genoem. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diere">Diere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Diere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Diere"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die vel is die buitenste bedekking van 'n dier se liggaam. Dit dien veral as beskerming en is daarom dikwels met skubbe en been plate verstewig. Die vel van verskeie ongewerwelde diere en sommige gewerwelde diere moet in 'n sekere mate deurlaatbaar wees omdat dit as 'n asemhalingsorgaan dien. Die vel en sy bykomstige strukture, soos skubbe, naels, hare en vere, word 'n integument genoem. </p><p>'n Ongeskonde vel vorm ŉ ondeurdringbare versperring vir bakterieë en ander siekteverwekkers en beskerm die liggaam teen te veel ultraviolet lig. 'n Klein hoeveelheid <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet</a> is egter vir baie diere onontbeerlik omdat hierdie strale die onmisbare <a href="/wiki/Vitamien_D" title="Vitamien D">vitamien D</a> uit ergosterol of verwante stowwe in die vel vorm. By warmbloedige diere (voëls en soogdiere) is die vel van vere en hare voorsien om die warmte-isolasie van die vel te verbeter; oortollige warmte kan weggevoer word deur die verwyding (dilatasie) van die bloedvate in die vel en (by <a href="/wiki/Soogdier" title="Soogdier">soogdiere</a>) deur sweetkliere. </p><p>By die osmoregulering speel die vel as versperring 'n belangrike rol. Dit verminder die vogverlies van die see- en landdiere, wat voorkom dat hulle 'n te hoë soutkonsentrasie in hul liggaam opbou. Dit hou ook die soutgehalte van varswaterorganismes op die vereiste vlak en voorkom 'n te groot wateropname. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ongewerwelde_diere">Ongewerwelde diere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Ongewerwelde diere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ongewerwelde diere"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By eensellige diere kom geen ware vel voor nie; hier vorm 'n verstewigde selwand meestal die enigste beskerming van die selinhoud. Soms skei die selwand 'n bykomende verstewigde "vel" af (die pellikel), byvoorbeeld by die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantoffeldiertjies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantoffeldiertjies (bladsy bestaan nie)">pantoffeldiertjies</a> (genus <i>Paramaecium</i>). Alle meersellige ongewerwelde diere besit ŉ eenlagige epidermis, met uitsondering van die <a href="/wiki/Pylwurm" title="Pylwurm">pylwurms</a> (phylum <i>Chaetognatha</i>), waar 'n meerlagige epiteel voorkom. Die eenvoudigste meersellige diere, die sponse (phylum <i>Porifera</i>) besit aan die buitesye van die liggaam spesiale selle, pinakosiete, wat dieselfde funksie as die epiteelselle by ander diere het. </p><p>By baie sponsspesies is die pinakosiete met mekaar versmelt tot 'n geheel waarin geen afsonderlike selle meer herkenbaar is nie (sinsitium). Die holtediere (phylum <i>Coelenterata</i>) verskil grootliks wat die bedekking van hul liggame betref. Die epidermis kan bestaan uit sowel los, naasmekaar gerangskikte selle of uit 'n sinsitium. In die epidermis van neteldiere (subphylum <i>Cnidaria</i>) kom netelselle (nematokiste) voor wat by selfverdediging of die vang van 'n prooi 'n belangrike rol speel. </p><p>Die velle van sommige nie-vryswemmende holtediere vorm 'n chitienagtige buitenste laag. Die lassoselle in die epidermis van die <a href="/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme">organismes</a> van die subphylum <i>Ctenophora</i> is lang, klewerige drade wat om die prooidiere geslinger word. Die integument van vrylewende <a href="/wiki/Platwurm" title="Platwurm">platwurms</a> (phylum <i>Platyhelminthes</i>) bestaan uit een laag selle wat meestal van trilhare en 'n slymlaag voorsien is. Parasitiese wurms, soos die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lintwurms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lintwurms (bladsy bestaan nie)">lintwurms</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewerbotte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewerbotte (bladsy bestaan nie)">lewerbotte</a>, besit geen ware epidermis nie. </p><p>Spesiale selle wat in die mesenchiem (laag onder die spierlaag) geleë is, skei ŉ suurbestande laag, die kutikel, na buite af. Dit beskerm die dier teen die spysverteringsappe in die dermkanaal van hul gasheer. Parasitiese <a href="/wiki/Rondewurms" title="Rondewurms">rondewurms</a> van die klas <i>Acanthocephala</i> het 'n epiteel waar die afsonderlike selwande verdwyn het. In hierdie sinsitium is daar 'n stelsel van holtes wat met ŉ liggaamsvloeistof gevul is. Hierdeur word die voedingstowwe wat deur die vel opgeneem word, oor die hele liggaam versprei. Die epiderm is van die hoër ongewerweldes, die gelede wurms (phylum <i>Annelida</i>), weekdiere (phylum <i>Mollusca</i>) en die geleedpotiges (phylum <i>Arthropoda</i>) is eenlagig en word aan die onderkant begrens deur 'n basaalmembraan wat bestaan uit bindweefsel; aan die buitekant word 'n kutikel aangetref wat by die geleedpotiges chitien bevat en tot 'n stewige uitwendige skelet verhard is. </p><p>'n Soortgelyke skelet bied ook moontlikhede vir die aanhegting van spiere. Aangesien geleidelike groei nie binne 'n harde skelet moontlik is nie, vervel die geleedpotiges periodiek. Hierby word die ou skelet in sy geheel afgewerp nadat 'n nuwe een onder die kutikel gevorm is. Hierdie nuwe skelet bly nog vir 'n kort rukkie soepel sodat groei kan plaasvind. Die epiteel van die <a href="/wiki/Weekdiere" title="Weekdiere">weekdiere</a> is sag en meestal bedek met slym wat deur die selle in die epiteel afgeskei word. Soms is daar ook trilhare aanwesig. </p><p>'n Gedeelte van die <a href="/wiki/Epiteelweefsel" title="Epiteelweefsel">epiteel</a>, die mantel, skei 'n harde substansie af wat die skulp vorm. Hierdie skulpe kan tweekleppig wees (by <a href="/wiki/Tweekleppige" class="mw-redirect" title="Tweekleppige">tweekleppiges</a>: klas <i>Bivalvia</i>) of gedraai (by slakke: klas <i>Gastropoda</i>). Stekelhuidiges (phylum <i>Echinodermata</i>), <i>Hemichordata</i> en die primitiewe gekoorde diere (<a href="/wiki/Manteldiere" title="Manteldiere">manteldiere</a> en <a href="/wiki/Lansetvissies" title="Lansetvissies">lansetvissies</a>) besit onder die eenlagige epiteel 'n dermis wat uit bindweefsel bestaan. By die stekelhuidiges vorm die epiteel na binne 'n <a href="/wiki/Skelet" title="Skelet">skelet</a> van dun kalkplaatjies. Die epiteel van die <i>Hemichordata</i> dra talryke trilhare en bevat baie klierselle. </p><p>Die onderste epiteellaag kan so verdig wees dat dit na kraakbeenweefsel lyk. Die liggaam van die manteldiere (subphylum <i>Tunicata</i>) word, begrens deur eenlagige epiteelweefsel, wat bedek is met ŉ selluloseagtige verbinding wat deur die mesenchiemweefsel onder die vel afgeskei word. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gewerwelde_diere">Gewerwelde diere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Gewerwelde diere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Gewerwelde diere"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die vel van gewerwelde diere is opgebou uit ŉ <a href="/wiki/Opperhuid" title="Opperhuid">opperhuid</a> (epidermis) en 'n dermis wat daaronder geleë is. Selde lae verskil baie in bou en funksie en is van 2 verskillende embrionale weefsellae afkomstig: die epidermis is van ektodermale oorsprong, terwyl die dermis van mesodermale oorsprong is. Die epidermis bestaan uit 'n aantal lae epiteelselle, wat naasmekaar gerangskik is; die dermis bevat baie bindweefsel, met enkele verspreide selle daarin. </p><p>Hare, vere, horingskubbe, hoewe, naels en kliere (sweet-, talg-, melk-, slym- en gifkliere) word deur die epidermis gevorm: in die dermis le die bloedvate, spiervesels en kleurstowwe. Die belangrikste kleurstof is die swart pigment melanien, wat die kleur van die vel, vere en hare dikwels in groot mate bepaal. Senuwee-uiteindes kom in sowel die epidermis as die dermis voor. Die primitiefste gewerwelde diere, die wat tot die klas <i>Cyclostomata</i> behoort, besit 'n taamlik sagte epidermis sonder skubbe, maar dit bevat baie slymkliere. </p><p>Die buitekante van die epidermis dra 'n dun kutikel. Die epidermis van <a href="/wiki/Haaie" title="Haaie">haaie</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rogge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rogge (bladsy bestaan nie)">rogge</a> (klas <i>Chondrichthyes</i>) is stewig en taai vanweë die keratien wat daarin voorkom. Keratien is ŉ proteïen wat onder meer ook in die hare van soogdiere voorkom. Die ruheid van hierdie visse word veroorsaak deur die baie plakoïedskubbe wat in die dermis gevorm word en deur die epidermis na buite steek. By die <a href="/wiki/Beenvisse" title="Beenvisse">beenvisse</a> (klas <i>Osteichthyes</i>) bestaan die buitenste laag van die vel uit dooie selle wat voortdurend afgestoot word en deur nuwes vervang word. </p><p>Die dermis vorm (in die beenvisse) kenmerkende skubbe wat die <a href="/wiki/Epidermis" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidermis">epidermis</a> bedek. Slymkliere kom slegs in die epidermis voor. Die vel van amfibieë (klas <i>Amphibia</i>) lyk in baie opsigte na die van visse. By die volwasse diere is die buitenste laag van die epidermis meestal verhoring; tydens periodieke vervellings word die horinglaag afgestoot en deur nuwes vervang. In die epidermis kom ŉ groot aantal meersellige slymkliere asook gifkliere voor. Skubbe kom nog net by die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wurmsalamanders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wurmsalamanders (bladsy bestaan nie)">wurmsalamanders</a> (orde <i>Gymnophiona</i>) voor. </p><p>Die huid van <a href="/wiki/Reptiel" title="Reptiel">reptiele</a> (klas <i>Reptilia</i>) word gekenmerk deur talle horingskubbe en 'n epidermis sonder slymkliere. Die horingskubbe word deur die epidermis gevorm; dikwels word die boonste verhoringde epidermislaag in sy geheel afgewerp. Ook die vel van voëls (klas <i>Aves</i>) bevat baie min kliere. Al velklier wat voorkom, is die stuitklier, wat vet verskaf waarmee die vere ingesmeer word. Die kenmerkende vere van voëls word hoofsaaklik deur die epidermis gevorm. </p><p>Op die pote kom horingskubbe voor. Waar voëls vere het, het <a href="/wiki/Soogdier" title="Soogdier">soogdiere</a> (klas <i>Mammalia</i>) in die plek daarvan hare. Ook die hare word deur selle van die epidermis gevorm, maar le in die dermis versink. Die epidermis van soogdiere word gewoonlik van buite na binne in verskeie lae ingedeel, naamlik: 'n horinglaag (<i>stratum corneum</i>), wat bestaan uit dooie selle wat gedurig afskilfer en van die binneste lae af aangevul word; 'n stratum granulosum, met selle wat keratohialienkorrels bevat; en 'n kiemlaag (stratum germinativum) bestaande uit lewende selle wat voortdurend verdeel om nuwe velweefsel te vorm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Die_mens">Die mens</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Die mens" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Die mens"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By die mens is die beskermende funksie van die vel baie belangrik. Die vel bevat sintuie (reseptore) en vitamien D word ook daar gevorm Die vel is ook belangrik vir die soepelheid van beweging, vir die vogbalans en vir die temperatuurbeheer van die liggaam. Die vel word gevorm deur die opperhuid (epidermis) en die dermis (cutis, korium). Deur middel van ŉ losse verbinding in die vorm van onderhuidse bindweefsel (subcutis) is die vel met die dieper liggende strukture verbind. Die onderhuidse weefsel bevat baie vet, meestal as 'nononderbroke vetlaag (panniculus adiposus). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Epidermis">Epidermis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Epidermis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Epidermis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die grens tussen die epidermis en die dermis is ŉ golwende lyn. Die papille wat so gevorm word, is in lyne gerangskik en gee op sommige plekke reliëf aan die veloppervlak. In die handpalm ontstaan byvoorbeeld handpalmlyne. Die binneste laag van die epidermis is die stratum germinativum (stratum basale), wat van die papillere laag van die dermis deur ŉ basaalmembraan geskei is. Die selle van die stratum basale steek met klein uitsteekseltjies in die gekartelde basaalmembraan in. </p><p>Die stratum basale is een sellaag dik en is verantwoordelik vir die vorming van nuwe selle van die epidermis. Bo hierdie laag is die stratum spinosum (stekelsellaag), wat uit 5 tot 20 lae bestaan en wat na bo platter word. Die grensvlakke van die selle maak deur middel van selbruggies met mekaar kontak. In die volgende laag (stratum granulosum), wat een sellaag dik is, is 'n korrelrigheid aanwesig wat op die eerste tekens van degenerasie dui. </p><p>Die volgende laag is die stratum lucidum; hier word geen selstruktuur meer onderskei nie. Hierop volg die buitenste laag of horinglaag (die stratum corneum), wat uit lae horingskubbetjies bestaan. In die stratum basale ontstaan nuwe selle (deur seldeling), wat langsaam na bo skuif, afgeplat raak en degenereer totdat slegs horingskubbetjies oorbly. Dit gaan ten slotte vanweë slytasie aan die oppervlak verlore. Dit neem ongeveer 24 dae vir selle in die basale laag om in 'n horingsubstansie te verander. </p><p>Die horingsubstansie bevat 'n <a href="/wiki/Prote%C3%AFen" title="Proteïen">proteïen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keratien" title="Keratien">keratien</a>, wat reeds in die onderste sellae gevorm word en daar as "drade" in diesel (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonofibrille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonofibrille (bladsy bestaan nie)">tonofibrille</a>) sigbaar is. Wat voeding betref, is die epidermis op die haarvaatjies in die papille aangewese. By degenerasie van die boonste sellae ontstaan vetagtige stowwe, wat veral die stratum lucidum en ook die horinglaag vir water ondeurlaatbaar maak en die liggaam teen uitdroging beskerm. Dit maak die horinglaag ook soepel. </p><p>Naels en hare bevat nie hierdie vetagtige stowwe nie en is daarom veel harder. By donker rasse, en ook by Blankes na blootstelling aan sonlig, kom groepies pigmentkorrels (melanien) bo-in die selle van die onderste sellae voor. Hulle beskerm die selkerne as 't ware teen te veel sonlig. Die pigment word gevorm deur spesiale selle (melanosiete) wat tussen die ander selle versprei le en ook saam met die ander selle na bo opskuif. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dermis_en_bloedvate">Dermis en bloedvate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Dermis en bloedvate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Dermis en bloedvate"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In die dermis kan 2 lae onderskei word: 'n boonste dun laag, naamlik die papillêre laag, en 'n dikker, stewiger onderliggende laag, die retikulêre laag. Die dermis bestaan uit bindweefselelemente. Op die grens van die vel -en die onderhuidse weefsel le 'n netwerk van bloedvate, waaruit klein vaatjies die dermis binnedring en onder in die papillêre laag van die dermis opnuut 'n netwerk vorm. Die liggaamstemperatuur kan deur vernouing en verwyding van die bloedvate gereguleer word. Vanuit hierdie netwerk ontstaan die haarvate wat die epidermis van voedsel voorsien. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senuwees_en_sweetkliere">Senuwees en sweetkliere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Senuwees en sweetkliere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Senuwees en sweetkliere"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In die vel is daar verskeie tipes senuwees wat die mens in staat stel om te kan voel. In die epidermis kom vrye senuwee-uiteindes voor wat pyn en temperatuurverskille registreer. In die papille is tasliggaampies (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Liggaampies_van_Meissner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liggaampies van Meissner (bladsy bestaan nie)">liggaampies van Meissner</a>) wat vir die tassin verantwoordelik is. Die drukgevoel, wat van belang is vir die handhawing van die korrekte liggaamshouding, word in die onderhuidse weefsel geregistreer. Die orgaantjies wat vir hierdie funksie verantwoordelik is, is die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liggaampies_van_Pacini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liggaampies van Pacini (bladsy bestaan nie)">liggaampies van Pacini</a>. </p><p>Die ligte beweging van hare kan deur vrye senuwee-uiteindes in die wortelskede van die hare waargeneem word. 'n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sweetklier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sweetklier (bladsy bestaan nie)">Sweetklier</a> ontstaan as 'n insinking van die epidermis en bestaan uit 'n afvoergedeelte en ŉ gedeelte waar die klierproduk afgeskei word. Die laaste deel is tot 'n kluwetjie gedraai en lê in die onderhuidse <a href="/wiki/Weefsel" title="Weefsel">weefsel</a>. Hier word die sweetdruppeltjies uit die klierselle uitgestoot. Die afvoerende gedeelte is 'n buis wat deur die dermis loop, maar in die epidermis spiraalvormig opgedraai is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sien_ook">Sien ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Sien ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Sien ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lys_van_veltoestande" title="Lys van veltoestande">Lys van veltoestande</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronnelys">Bronnelys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronnelys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Bronnelys"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAreldspektrum" title="Wêreldspektrum">Wêreldspektrum</a>, 1982, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0908409699" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0908409699</a>, volume 28, bl. 46 -50</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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