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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Woodworking tool</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Winding_sticks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Winding_sticks.jpg/300px-Winding_sticks.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Winding_sticks.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="266" /></a><figcaption>Winding sticks in use.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Woodworking" title="Woodworking">woodworking</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carpentry" title="Carpentry">carpentry</a>, a pair of <b>winding sticks</b> is a tool that aids in viewing <a href="/wiki/Wood_warping" title="Wood warping">twist</a> (also known as <i>wind</i>) in pieces of <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">lumber</a> by amplifying the defect.<sup id="cite_ref-Ellis_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ellis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Winding sticks can be as simple as any two straight sticks or they can be elegant, decorated, dimensionally stable wood like mahogany. A pair of <a href="/wiki/Framing_square" class="mw-redirect" title="Framing square">framing squares</a> may also be suitable. Traditionally they are 16 inches (41 cm)<sup id="cite_ref-Ellis_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ellis-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 30 inches (76 cm)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> long, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inches (44 mm) tall and tapered in their height from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> inch (9.5 mm) to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> inch (3.2 mm). The longer the winding sticks, the more they will amplify the wind. It is common for a woodworker to make a matching pair for the purpose, and contrasting colors of woods improve the discernability of differences in level between the two sticks as they are compared. </p><p>One winding stick is placed on one end of the piece and the second winding stick is placed on the other end, parallel in plan view to the first. The woodworker then stands back a short distance and sights across the top of the two sticks. If the surface on which the sticks are sitting is flat (in the same <a href="/wiki/Plane_(geometry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plane (geometry)">plane</a>), the top edges of the two sticks can be seen to be aligned and parallel to each other; even small amounts of misalignment can easily be seen using this method.. Adjustments to the surface of the board are then made (e.g., with a <a href="/wiki/Hand_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Hand plane">hand plane</a>) if correction is necessary. This process is repeated all across the piece until the piece is satisfactorily <i>true</i>. Longitudinally the piece is checked with a <a href="/wiki/Straightedge" title="Straightedge">straightedge</a>. </p><p>Winding sticks are generally planed parallel back to back to ensure they are true; this is why it is important to use the sticks with the inlay facing one another. They are not dependent on being the same height along their length; the critical element is that they are parallel to each other and then used in that configuration. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liam_Rickerby_Tools_Winding_Sticks.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Liam_Rickerby_Tools_Winding_Sticks.png/220px-Liam_Rickerby_Tools_Winding_Sticks.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Liam_Rickerby_Tools_Winding_Sticks.png/330px-Liam_Rickerby_Tools_Winding_Sticks.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Liam_Rickerby_Tools_Winding_Sticks.png/440px-Liam_Rickerby_Tools_Winding_Sticks.png 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="561" /></a><figcaption>Sticks are used facing one another (top). When aligned for planing, they can be placed back to back (bottom left) or face to face (bottom right).</figcaption></figure> <p>Every workshop has a different climate, and it is advisable to check from time to time that a pair of sticks are still true. If it is found that they require adjustment, it is a straightforward task to correct. Firstly the soles are checked to be flat; a long shooting board is recommended for the job. Next align both sticks either back to back or face to face, whichever is easiest to secure, then take light passes over the tops with a hand plane until even shavings are produced from both sticks. They are now parallel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Winding_stick&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ellis-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ellis_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ellis_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ellis, George. <i>Modern Practical Joinery</i>. London: B.T. Batsford, 1902. 51. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Holtzapffel, Charles. <i>Turning and Mechanical Manipulation Intended as a Work of General Reference and Practical Instruction, on the Lathe, and the Various Mechanical Pursuits Followed by Amateurs</i>. Vol. 2. London: <a href="/wiki/Holtzapffel" title="Holtzapffel">Holtzapffel & Co.</a>, 1856. 500. Print.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Measuring_instrument" class="mw-redirect" title="Measuring instrument">Measuring</a> and alignment tools</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architect%27s_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Architect's scale">Architect's scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beam_compass" title="Beam compass">Beam compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calipers" title="Calipers">Calipers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalk_line" title="Chalk line">Chalk line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_square" title="Combination square">Combination square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_(drawing_tool)" title="Compass (drawing tool)">Compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordinate-measuring_machine" title="Coordinate-measuring machine">Coordinate-measuring machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diagonal_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Diagonal scale">Diagonal scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drafting_machine" title="Drafting machine">Drafting machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Engineer's scale">Engineer's scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeler_gauge" title="Feeler gauge">Feeler gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_spline" title="Flat spline">Flat spline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_curve" title="French curve">French curve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunter%27s_chain" title="Gunter's chain">Gunter's chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jig_(tool)" title="Jig (tool)">Jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_level" title="Laser level">Laser level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_line_level" title="Laser line level">Laser line level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_rangefinder#Laser_measuring_tools" title="Laser rangefinder">Laser measuring tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbian_rule" title="Lesbian rule">Lesbian rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marking_gauge" title="Marking gauge">Marking gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measuring_rod" title="Measuring rod">Measuring rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meterstick" class="mw-redirect" title="Meterstick">Meterstick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrometer_(device)" title="Micrometer (device)">Micrometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumb_bob" title="Plumb bob">Plumb-bob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goniometer#Protractor" title="Goniometer">Protractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radius_gauge" title="Radius gauge">Radius gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruler" title="Ruler">Ruler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_square" title="Set square">Set square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirret_(tool)" title="Skirret (tool)">Skirret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sliding_T_bevel" title="Sliding T bevel">Sliding T bevel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_square" title="Speed square">Speed square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_level" title="Spirit level">Spirit level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_square" title="Steel square">Steel square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stencil" title="Stencil">Stencil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straightedge" title="Straightedge">Straightedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_(tool)" title="Square (tool)">Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-square" title="T-square">T-square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_measure" title="Tape measure">Tape measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodolite" title="Theodolite">Theodolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thread_pitch_gauge" title="Thread pitch gauge">Thread pitch gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Try_square" title="Try square">Try square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernier_scale" title="Vernier scale">Vernier scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vise" title="Vise">Vise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weighing_scale" title="Weighing scale">Weighing scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiggler_(tool)" title="Wiggler (tool)">Wiggler</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Winding sticks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_tools" title="Template:Types of tools">Types of tools</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleaning_tools" title="Template:Cleaning tools">Cleaning</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cutting_and_abrasive_tools" title="Template:Cutting and abrasive tools">Cutting and abrasive</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Forestry_tools" title="Template:Forestry tools">Forestry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Garden_tools" title="Template:Garden tools">Garden</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hand_tools" title="Template:Hand tools">Hand</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Kitchen_tools" title="Template:Kitchen tools">Kitchen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Machine_and_metalworking_tools" title="Template:Machine and metalworking tools">Machine and metalworking</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Masonry_tools" title="Template:Masonry tools">Masonry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Measuring_and_alignment_tools" title="Template:Measuring and alignment tools">Measuring and alignment</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mining_equipment" title="Template:Mining equipment">Mining</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Power_tools" title="Template:Power tools">Power</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Textile_tools" title="Template:Textile tools">Textile</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Woodworking" title="Template:Woodworking">Woodworking</a></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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