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<button class="button is-small is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.06960">arXiv:2409.06960</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.06960">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.06960">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">stat.ML</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability">physics.data-an</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applications">stat.AP</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Toward Model-Agnostic Detection of New Physics Using Data-Driven Signal Regions </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yi%2C+S">Soheun Yi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">John Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kuusela%2C+M">Mikael Kuusela</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.06960v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In the search for new particles in high-energy physics, it is crucial to select the Signal Region (SR) in such a way that it is enriched with signal events if they are present. While most existing search methods set the region relying on prior domain knowledge, it may be unavailable for a completely novel particle that falls outside the current scope of understanding. We address this issue by prop… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.06960v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.06960v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.06960v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In the search for new particles in high-energy physics, it is crucial to select the Signal Region (SR) in such a way that it is enriched with signal events if they are present. While most existing search methods set the region relying on prior domain knowledge, it may be unavailable for a completely novel particle that falls outside the current scope of understanding. We address this issue by proposing a method built upon a model-agnostic but often realistic assumption about the localized topology of the signal events, in which they are concentrated in a certain area of the feature space. Considering the signal component as a localized high-frequency feature, our approach employs the notion of a low-pass filter. We define the SR as an area which is most affected when the observed events are smeared with additive random noise. We overcome challenges in density estimation in the high-dimensional feature space by learning the density ratio of events that potentially include a signal to the complementary observation of events that closely resemble the target events but are free of any signals. By applying our method to simulated $\mathrm{HH} \rightarrow 4b$ events, we demonstrate that the method can efficiently identify a data-driven SR in a high-dimensional feature space in which a high portion of signal events concentrate. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.06960v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.06960v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 10 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">5 pages, 2 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.11937">arXiv:2406.11937</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.11937">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2406.11937">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability">physics.data-an</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Using graph neural networks to reconstruct charged pion showers in the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aamir%2C+M">M. Aamir</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acar%2C+B">B. Acar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamov%2C+G">G. Adamov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adams%2C+T">T. Adams</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Afanasiev%2C+S">S. Afanasiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Agrawal%2C+C">C. Agrawal</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Agrawal%2C+C">C. Agrawal</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmad%2C+A">A. Ahmad</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahmed%2C+H+A">H. A. Ahmed</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akbar%2C+S">S. Akbar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akchurin%2C+N">N. Akchurin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akgul%2C+B">B. Akgul</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akgun%2C+B">B. Akgun</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akpinar%2C+R+O">R. O. Akpinar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aktas%2C+E">E. Aktas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=AlKadhim%2C+A">A. AlKadhim</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alexakhin%2C+V">V. Alexakhin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alimena%2C+J">J. Alimena</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">J. Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alpana%2C+A">A. Alpana</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alshehri%2C+W">W. Alshehri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dominguez%2C+P+A">P. Alvarez Dominguez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alyari%2C+M">M. Alyari</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amendola%2C+C">C. Amendola</a> , et al. (550 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.11937v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A novel method to reconstruct the energy of hadronic showers in the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) is presented. The HGCAL is a sampling calorimeter with very fine transverse and longitudinal granularity. The active media are silicon sensors and scintillator tiles readout by SiPMs and the absorbers are a combination of lead and Cu/CuW in the electromagnetic section, and steel in the hadr… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.11937v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2406.11937v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2406.11937v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A novel method to reconstruct the energy of hadronic showers in the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) is presented. The HGCAL is a sampling calorimeter with very fine transverse and longitudinal granularity. The active media are silicon sensors and scintillator tiles readout by SiPMs and the absorbers are a combination of lead and Cu/CuW in the electromagnetic section, and steel in the hadronic section. The shower reconstruction method is based on graph neural networks and it makes use of a dynamic reduction network architecture. It is shown that the algorithm is able to capture and mitigate the main effects that normally hinder the reconstruction of hadronic showers using classical reconstruction methods, by compensating for fluctuations in the multiplicity, energy, and spatial distributions of the shower's constituents. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using test beam data collected in 2018 prototype of the CMS HGCAL accompanied by a section of the CALICE AHCAL prototype. The capability of the method to mitigate the impact of energy leakage from the calorimeter is also demonstrated. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2406.11937v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2406.11937v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 30 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 17 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Prepared for submission to JINST</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.04740">arXiv:2211.04740</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.04740">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2211.04740">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter prototype to charged pion beams of 20$-$300 GeV/c </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acar%2C+B">B. Acar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamov%2C+G">G. Adamov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Afanasiev%2C+S">S. Afanasiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akchurin%2C+N">N. Akchurin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akg%C3%BCn%2C+B">B. Akg眉n</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alhusseini%2C+M">M. Alhusseini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">J. Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+Almeida%2C+J+P+F+d+s+S">J. P. Figueiredo de sa Sousa de Almeida</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+Almeida%2C+P+G+D">P. G. Dias de Almeida</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alpana%2C+A">A. Alpana</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alyari%2C+M">M. Alyari</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andreev%2C+I">I. Andreev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aras%2C+U">U. Aras</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aspell%2C+P">P. Aspell</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Atakisi%2C+I+O">I. O. Atakisi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bach%2C+O">O. Bach</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baden%2C+A">A. Baden</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakas%2C+G">G. Bakas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakshi%2C+A">A. Bakshi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Banerjee%2C+S">S. Banerjee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=DeBarbaro%2C+P">P. DeBarbaro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bargassa%2C+P">P. Bargassa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barney%2C+D">D. Barney</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Beaudette%2C+F">F. Beaudette</a> , et al. (435 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.04740v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The upgrade of the CMS experiment for the high luminosity operation of the LHC comprises the replacement of the current endcap calorimeter by a high granularity sampling calorimeter (HGCAL). The electromagnetic section of the HGCAL is based on silicon sensors interspersed between lead and copper (or copper tungsten) absorbers. The hadronic section uses layers of stainless steel as an absorbing med… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.04740v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2211.04740v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.04740v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The upgrade of the CMS experiment for the high luminosity operation of the LHC comprises the replacement of the current endcap calorimeter by a high granularity sampling calorimeter (HGCAL). The electromagnetic section of the HGCAL is based on silicon sensors interspersed between lead and copper (or copper tungsten) absorbers. The hadronic section uses layers of stainless steel as an absorbing medium and silicon sensors as an active medium in the regions of high radiation exposure, and scintillator tiles directly readout by silicon photomultipliers in the remaining regions. As part of the development of the detector and its readout electronic components, a section of a silicon-based HGCAL prototype detector along with a section of the CALICE AHCAL prototype was exposed to muons, electrons and charged pions in beam test experiments at the H2 beamline at the CERN SPS in October 2018. The AHCAL uses the same technology as foreseen for the HGCAL but with much finer longitudinal segmentation. The performance of the calorimeters in terms of energy response and resolution, longitudinal and transverse shower profiles is studied using negatively charged pions, and is compared to GEANT4 predictions. This is the first report summarizing results of hadronic showers measured by the HGCAL prototype using beam test data. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.04740v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2211.04740v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 May, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 9 November, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Accepted for publication by JINST</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.02807">arXiv:2208.02807</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.02807">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2208.02807">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Applications">stat.AP</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Phenomenology">hep-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability">physics.data-an</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Methodology">stat.ME</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Background Modeling for Double Higgs Boson Production: Density Ratios and Optimal Transport </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Manole%2C+T">Tudor Manole</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bryant%2C+P">Patrick Bryant</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">John Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kuusela%2C+M">Mikael Kuusela</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wasserman%2C+L">Larry Wasserman</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2208.02807v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We study the problem of data-driven background estimation, arising in the search of physics signals predicted by the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. Our work is motivated by the search for the production of pairs of Higgs bosons decaying into four bottom quarks. A number of other physical processes, known as background, also share the same final state. The data arising in this problem… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2208.02807v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2208.02807v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2208.02807v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We study the problem of data-driven background estimation, arising in the search of physics signals predicted by the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. Our work is motivated by the search for the production of pairs of Higgs bosons decaying into four bottom quarks. A number of other physical processes, known as background, also share the same final state. The data arising in this problem is therefore a mixture of unlabeled background and signal events, and the primary aim of the analysis is to determine whether the proportion of unlabeled signal events is nonzero. A challenging but necessary first step is to estimate the distribution of background events. Past work in this area has determined regions of the space of collider events where signal is unlikely to appear, and where the background distribution is therefore identifiable. The background distribution can be estimated in these regions, and extrapolated into the region of primary interest using transfer learning with a multivariate classifier. We build upon this existing approach in two ways. First, we revisit this method by developing a customized residual neural network which is tailored to the structure and symmetries of collider data. Second, we develop a new method for background estimation, based on the optimal transport problem, which relies on modeling assumptions distinct from earlier work. These two methods can serve as cross-checks for each other in particle physics analyses, due to the complementarity of their underlying assumptions. We compare their performance on simulated double Higgs boson data. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2208.02807v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2208.02807v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 16 June, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 4 August, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> August 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">To appear in the Annals of Applied Statistics</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.06855">arXiv:2111.06855</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.06855">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2111.06855">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/05/P05022">10.1088/1748-0221/17/05/P05022 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Response of a CMS HGCAL silicon-pad electromagnetic calorimeter prototype to 20-300 GeV positrons </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acar%2C+B">B. Acar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamov%2C+G">G. Adamov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Afanasiev%2C+S">S. Afanasiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akchurin%2C+N">N. Akchurin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akg%C3%BCn%2C+B">B. Akg眉n</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Khan%2C+F+A">F. Alam Khan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alhusseini%2C+M">M. Alhusseini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">J. Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alpana%2C+A">A. Alpana</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Altopp%2C+G">G. Altopp</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alyari%2C+M">M. Alyari</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=An%2C+S">S. An</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anagul%2C+S">S. Anagul</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andreev%2C+I">I. Andreev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aspell%2C+P">P. Aspell</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Atakisi%2C+I+O">I. O. Atakisi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bach%2C+O">O. Bach</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baden%2C+A">A. Baden</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakas%2C+G">G. Bakas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakshi%2C+A">A. Bakshi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bannerjee%2C+S">S. Bannerjee</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bargassa%2C+P">P. Bargassa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barney%2C+D">D. Barney</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Beaudette%2C+F">F. Beaudette</a> , et al. (364 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2111.06855v3-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The Compact Muon Solenoid Collaboration is designing a new high-granularity endcap calorimeter, HGCAL, to be installed later this decade. As part of this development work, a prototype system was built, with an electromagnetic section consisting of 14 double-sided structures, providing 28 sampling layers. Each sampling layer has an hexagonal module, where a multipad large-area silicon sensor is glu… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2111.06855v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2111.06855v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2111.06855v3-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The Compact Muon Solenoid Collaboration is designing a new high-granularity endcap calorimeter, HGCAL, to be installed later this decade. As part of this development work, a prototype system was built, with an electromagnetic section consisting of 14 double-sided structures, providing 28 sampling layers. Each sampling layer has an hexagonal module, where a multipad large-area silicon sensor is glued between an electronics circuit board and a metal baseplate. The sensor pads of approximately 1 cm$^2$ are wire-bonded to the circuit board and are readout by custom integrated circuits. The prototype was extensively tested with beams at CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron in 2018. Based on the data collected with beams of positrons, with energies ranging from 20 to 300 GeV, measurements of the energy resolution and linearity, the position and angular resolutions, and the shower shapes are presented and compared to a detailed Geant4 simulation. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2111.06855v3-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2111.06855v3-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 31 March, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 12 November, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2021. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.06336">arXiv:2012.06336</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.06336">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2012.06336">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Construction and commissioning of CMS CE prototype silicon modules </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acar%2C+B">B. Acar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamov%2C+G">G. Adamov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Afanasiev%2C+S">S. Afanasiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akchurin%2C+N">N. Akchurin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akg%C3%BCn%2C+B">B. Akg眉n</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alhusseini%2C+M">M. Alhusseini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">J. Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Altopp%2C+G">G. Altopp</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alyari%2C+M">M. Alyari</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=An%2C+S">S. An</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anagul%2C+S">S. Anagul</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andreev%2C+I">I. Andreev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+M">M. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aspell%2C+P">P. Aspell</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Atakisi%2C+I+A">I. A. Atakisi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bach%2C+O">O. Bach</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baden%2C+A">A. Baden</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakas%2C+G">G. Bakas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakshi%2C+A">A. Bakshi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bargassa%2C+P">P. Bargassa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barney%2C+D">D. Barney</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Becheva%2C+E">E. Becheva</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Behera%2C+P">P. Behera</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belloni%2C+A">A. Belloni</a> , et al. (307 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2012.06336v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> As part of its HL-LHC upgrade program, the CMS Collaboration is developing a High Granularity Calorimeter (CE) to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. The CE is a sampling calorimeter with unprecedented transverse and longitudinal readout for both electromagnetic (CE-E) and hadronic (CE-H) compartments. The calorimeter will be built with $\sim$30,000 hexagonal silicon modules. Prototype modul… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2012.06336v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2012.06336v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2012.06336v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> As part of its HL-LHC upgrade program, the CMS Collaboration is developing a High Granularity Calorimeter (CE) to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. The CE is a sampling calorimeter with unprecedented transverse and longitudinal readout for both electromagnetic (CE-E) and hadronic (CE-H) compartments. The calorimeter will be built with $\sim$30,000 hexagonal silicon modules. Prototype modules have been constructed with 6-inch hexagonal silicon sensors with cell areas of 1.1~$cm^2$, and the SKIROC2-CMS readout ASIC. Beam tests of different sampling configurations were conducted with the prototype modules at DESY and CERN in 2017 and 2018. This paper describes the construction and commissioning of the CE calorimeter prototype, the silicon modules used in the construction, their basic performance, and the methods used for their calibration. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2012.06336v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2012.06336v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 10 December, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2020. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">35 pages, submitted to JINST</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.03876">arXiv:2012.03876</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.03876">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2012.03876">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/04/T04001">10.1088/1748-0221/16/04/T04001 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The DAQ system of the 12,000 Channel CMS High Granularity Calorimeter Prototype </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Acar%2C+B">B. Acar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adamov%2C+G">G. Adamov</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Adloff%2C+C">C. Adloff</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Afanasiev%2C+S">S. Afanasiev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akchurin%2C+N">N. Akchurin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akg%C3%BCn%2C+B">B. Akg眉n</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alhusseini%2C+M">M. Alhusseini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">J. Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Altopp%2C+G">G. Altopp</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alyari%2C+M">M. Alyari</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=An%2C+S">S. An</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Anagul%2C+S">S. Anagul</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andreev%2C+I">I. Andreev</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+M">M. Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aspell%2C+P">P. Aspell</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Atakisi%2C+I+A">I. A. Atakisi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bach%2C+O">O. Bach</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baden%2C+A">A. Baden</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakas%2C+G">G. Bakas</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bakshi%2C+A">A. Bakshi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bargassa%2C+P">P. Bargassa</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barney%2C+D">D. Barney</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Becheva%2C+E">E. Becheva</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Behera%2C+P">P. Behera</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Belloni%2C+A">A. Belloni</a> , et al. (307 additional authors not shown) </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2012.03876v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC will be upgraded to accommodate the 5-fold increase in the instantaneous luminosity expected at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Concomitant with this increase will be an increase in the number of interactions in each bunch crossing and a significant increase in the total ionising dose and fluence. One part of this upgrade is the replacement of the current endca… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2012.03876v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2012.03876v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2012.03876v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC will be upgraded to accommodate the 5-fold increase in the instantaneous luminosity expected at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Concomitant with this increase will be an increase in the number of interactions in each bunch crossing and a significant increase in the total ionising dose and fluence. One part of this upgrade is the replacement of the current endcap calorimeters with a high granularity sampling calorimeter equipped with silicon sensors, designed to manage the high collision rates. As part of the development of this calorimeter, a series of beam tests have been conducted with different sampling configurations using prototype segmented silicon detectors. In the most recent of these tests, conducted in late 2018 at the CERN SPS, the performance of a prototype calorimeter equipped with ${\approx}12,000\rm{~channels}$ of silicon sensors was studied with beams of high-energy electrons, pions and muons. This paper describes the custom-built scalable data acquisition system that was built with readily available FPGA mezzanines and low-cost Raspberry PI computers. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2012.03876v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2012.03876v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 8 December, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 7 December, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2020. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.07029">arXiv:1910.07029</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.07029">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1910.07029">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> End-to-end particle and event identification at the Large Hadron Collider with CMS Open Data </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">John Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=An%2C+S">Sitong An</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+M">Michael Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bryant%2C+P">Patrick Bryant</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Burkle%2C+B">Bjorn Burkle</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gleyzer%2C+S">Sergei Gleyzer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Heintz%2C+U">Ulrich Heintz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Narain%2C+M">Meenakshi Narain</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Paulini%2C+M">Manfred Paulini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Poczos%2C+B">Barnabas Poczos</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Usai%2C+E">Emanuele Usai</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1910.07029v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> From particle identification to the discovery of the Higgs boson, deep learning algorithms have become an increasingly important tool for data analysis at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We present an innovative end-to-end deep learning approach for jet identification at the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the LHC. The method combines deep neural networks with low-level detector informa… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1910.07029v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1910.07029v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1910.07029v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> From particle identification to the discovery of the Higgs boson, deep learning algorithms have become an increasingly important tool for data analysis at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We present an innovative end-to-end deep learning approach for jet identification at the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the LHC. The method combines deep neural networks with low-level detector information, such as calorimeter energy deposits and tracking information, to build a discriminator to identify different particle species. Using two physics examples as references: electron vs. photon discrimination and quark vs. gluon discrimination, we demonstrate the performance of the end-to-end approach on simulated events with full detector geometry as available in the CMS Open Data. We also offer insights into the importance of the information extracted from various sub-detectors and describe how end-to-end techniques can be extended to event-level classification using information from the whole CMS detector. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1910.07029v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1910.07029v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 October, 2019; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2019. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Talk presented at the 2019 Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society (DPF2019), July 29 - August 2, 2019, Northeastern University, Boston, C1907293</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.08276">arXiv:1902.08276</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.08276">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/1902.08276">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1902.08276">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="High Energy Physics - Experiment">hep-ex</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition">cs.CV</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Machine Learning">cs.LG</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability">physics.data-an</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.164304">10.1016/j.nima.2020.164304 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> End-to-End Jet Classification of Quarks and Gluons with the CMS Open Data </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrews%2C+M">Michael Andrews</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alison%2C+J">John Alison</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=An%2C+S">Sitong An</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bryant%2C+P">Patrick Bryant</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Burkle%2C+B">Bjorn Burkle</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gleyzer%2C+S">Sergei Gleyzer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Narain%2C+M">Meenakshi Narain</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Paulini%2C+M">Manfred Paulini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Poczos%2C+B">Barnabas Poczos</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Usai%2C+E">Emanuele Usai</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1902.08276v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We describe the construction of end-to-end jet image classifiers based on simulated low-level detector data to discriminate quark- vs. gluon-initiated jets with high-fidelity simulated CMS Open Data. We highlight the importance of precise spatial information and demonstrate competitive performance to existing state-of-the-art jet classifiers. We further generalize the end-to-end approach to event-… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1902.08276v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1902.08276v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1902.08276v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We describe the construction of end-to-end jet image classifiers based on simulated low-level detector data to discriminate quark- vs. gluon-initiated jets with high-fidelity simulated CMS Open Data. We highlight the importance of precise spatial information and demonstrate competitive performance to existing state-of-the-art jet classifiers. We further generalize the end-to-end approach to event-level classification of quark vs. gluon di-jet QCD events. We compare the fully end-to-end approach to using hand-engineered features and demonstrate that the end-to-end algorithm is robust against the effects of underlying event and pile-up. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1902.08276v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1902.08276v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 23 October, 2020; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 21 February, 2019; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2019. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">10 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables; v2: published version</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 977, 164304 (2020) </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-search/releases">Search v0.5.6 released 2020-02-24</a>  </span> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary">  <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help">Help</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>contact arXiv</title><desc>Click here to contact arXiv</desc><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/contact.html"> Contact</a> </li> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>subscribe to arXiv mailings</title><desc>Click here to subscribe</desc><path d="M476 3.2L12.5 270.6c-18.1 10.4-15.8 35.6 2.2 43.2L121 358.4l287.3-253.2c5.5-4.9 13.3 2.6 8.6 8.3L176 407v80.5c0 23.6 28.5 32.9 42.5 15.8L282 426l124.6 52.2c14.2 6 30.4-2.9 33-18.2l72-432C515 7.8 493.3-6.8 476 3.2z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/subscribe"> Subscribe</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/license/index.html">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/policies/privacy_policy.html">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column sorry-app-links"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/web_accessibility.html">Web Accessibility Assistance</a></li> <li> <p class="help"> <a class="a11y-main-link" href="https://status.arxiv.org" target="_blank">arXiv Operational Status <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 256 512" class="icon filter-dark_grey" role="presentation"><path d="M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z"/></svg></a><br> Get status notifications via <a class="is-link" href="https://subscribe.sorryapp.com/24846f03/email/new" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg>email</a> or <a class="is-link" href="https://subscribe.sorryapp.com/24846f03/slack/new" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><path d="M94.12 315.1c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06S0 341 0 315.1c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06h47.06v47.06zm23.72 0c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06s47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06v117.84c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06s-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06V315.1zm47.06-188.98c-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06S139 32 164.9 32s47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06v47.06H164.9zm0 23.72c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06s-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06H47.06C21.16 243.96 0 222.8 0 196.9s21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06H164.9zm188.98 47.06c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06 25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06s-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06h-47.06V196.9zm-23.72 0c0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06V79.06c0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06 25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06V196.9zM283.1 385.88c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06 0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06v-47.06h47.06zm0-23.72c-25.9 0-47.06-21.16-47.06-47.06 0-25.9 21.16-47.06 47.06-47.06h117.84c25.9 0 47.06 21.16 47.06 47.06 0 25.9-21.16 47.06-47.06 47.06H283.1z"/></svg>slack</a> </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </footer> <script src="https://static.arxiv.org/static/base/1.0.0a5/js/member_acknowledgement.js"></script> </body> </html>

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