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<ul id="toc-Physical_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mountains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mountains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Mountains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mountains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coastline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coastline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Coastline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coastline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-West_coast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_coast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>West coast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_coast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-False_Bay_coast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#False_Bay_coast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>False Bay coast</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-False_Bay_coast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drainage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drainage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Drainage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drainage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Soils" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soils"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Soils</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soils-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceanography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceanography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Oceanography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Oceanography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Oceanography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Oceanography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bathymetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bathymetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Bathymetry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bathymetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ecology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Flora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Floral_diversity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Floral_diversity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Floral diversity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Floral_diversity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegetation_types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegetation_types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Vegetation types</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegetation_types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Human impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape Peninsula</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaapse_Skiereiland" title="Kaapse Skiereiland – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kaapse Skiereiland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap_yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Kap yarımadası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kap yarımadası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Капскі паўвостраў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Капскі паўвостраў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Капски полуостров – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Капски полуостров" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_del_Cap" title="Península del Cap – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Península del Cap" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Peninsula" title="Cape Peninsula – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Cape Peninsula" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap-Halbinsel" title="Kap-Halbinsel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kap-Halbinsel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_del_Cabo" title="Península del Cabo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Península del Cabo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9ninsule_du_Cap" title="Péninsule du Cap – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Péninsule du Cap" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%80%EC%9D%B4%ED%94%84%EB%B0%98%EB%8F%84" title="케이프반도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="케이프반도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenanjung_Cape" title="Semenanjung Cape – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Semenanjung Cape" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penisola_del_Capo" title="Penisola del Capo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Penisola del Capo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="კაპის ნახევარკუნძული – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კაპის ნახევარკუნძული" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaapse_Schiereiland" title="Kaapse Schiereiland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kaapse Schiereiland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" title="ケープ半島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケープ半島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape-halv%C3%B8ya" title="Cape-halvøya – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cape-halvøya" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3%C5%82wysep_Przyl%C4%85dkowy" title="Półwysep Przylądkowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Półwysep Przylądkowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_do_Cabo" title="Península do Cabo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Península do Cabo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsula_Cape" title="Peninsula Cape – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Peninsula Cape" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Капский полуостров – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Капский полуостров" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poluotok_Kejp" title="Poluotok Kejp – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Poluotok Kejp" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapin_niemimaa" title="Kapin niemimaa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kapin niemimaa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaphalv%C3%B6n" title="Kaphalvön – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kaphalvön" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="கேப் மூவலந்தீவு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கேப் மூவலந்தீவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Капський півострів – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Капський півострів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%99%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" title="開普半島 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="開普半島" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q748494#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Peninsula" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34.205_S_18.404_E_region:ZA"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°12′18″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°24′14″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.205°S 18.404°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.205; 18.404</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Rocky peninsula in the Western Cape, South Africa</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cape_of_Good_Hope_Iss059e078303_lrg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cape_of_Good_Hope_Iss059e078303_lrg.jpg/330px-Cape_of_Good_Hope_Iss059e078303_lrg.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cape_of_Good_Hope_Iss059e078303_lrg.jpg/495px-Cape_of_Good_Hope_Iss059e078303_lrg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Cape_of_Good_Hope_Iss059e078303_lrg.jpg/660px-Cape_of_Good_Hope_Iss059e078303_lrg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5568" data-file-height="3712" /></a><figcaption>View of the Cape Peninsula showing the City of Cape Town and False Bay in the background from the International Space Station, May 2019</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cape_of_Good_Hope_(Zaian_2008).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Cape_of_Good_Hope_%28Zaian_2008%29.JPG/220px-Cape_of_Good_Hope_%28Zaian_2008%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Cape_of_Good_Hope_%28Zaian_2008%29.JPG/330px-Cape_of_Good_Hope_%28Zaian_2008%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Cape_of_Good_Hope_%28Zaian_2008%29.JPG/440px-Cape_of_Good_Hope_%28Zaian_2008%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The Cape of Good Hope; looking towards the west over Diaz Beach, from the coastal cliffs above Cape Point.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cape_Peninsula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cape_Peninsula.jpg/220px-Cape_Peninsula.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cape_Peninsula.jpg/330px-Cape_Peninsula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cape_Peninsula.jpg/440px-Cape_Peninsula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6500" data-file-height="4618" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the Cape Peninsula, illustrating the positions of the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town City Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a>, the main mountains and peaks that make up the Peninsula, and the <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benguela_and_Agulhas_Currents_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Benguela_and_Agulhas_Currents_2.jpg/220px-Benguela_and_Agulhas_Currents_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Benguela_and_Agulhas_Currents_2.jpg/330px-Benguela_and_Agulhas_Currents_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Benguela_and_Agulhas_Currents_2.jpg/440px-Benguela_and_Agulhas_Currents_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4920" data-file-height="5368" /></a><figcaption>The courses of the warm Agulhas current (red) along the east coast of South Africa, and the cold Benguela current (blue) along the west coast. Note that the Benguela current does not originate from Antarctic waters in the South Atlantic Ocean, but from upwelling of water from the cold depths of the Atlantic Ocean against the west coast of the continent. The two currents do not "meet" anywhere along the south coast of Africa.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Cape Peninsula</b> (<a href="/wiki/Afrikaans_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikaans language">Afrikaans</a>: <i lang="af">Kaapse Skiereiland</i>) is a generally mountainous <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> that juts out into the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> at the south-western extremity of the <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">African</a> continent. At the southern end of the peninsula are <a href="/wiki/Cape_Point" title="Cape Point">Cape Point</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a>. On the northern end is <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a>, overlooking <a href="/wiki/Table_Bay" title="Table Bay">Table Bay</a> and the <a href="/wiki/City_Bowl" title="City Bowl">City Bowl</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>. The peninsula is 52 km long from Mouille point in the north to Cape Point in the south.<sup id="cite_ref-Map_3318_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Map_3318-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Peninsula has been an <a href="/wiki/Island" title="Island">island</a> on and off for the past 5 million years, as sea levels fell and rose with the <a href="/wiki/Glacial_period" title="Glacial period">ice age</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interglacial" title="Interglacial">interglacial</a> global warming cycles of, particularly, the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-compton_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compton-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last time that the Peninsula was an island was about 1.5 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-compton_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compton-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon afterwards it was joined to the mainland by the <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Cape_Town#Tertiary_to_Recent_events" title="Geology of Cape Town">emergence from the sea</a> of the sandy area now known as the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats" title="Cape Flats">Cape Flats</a>. The towns and villages of the Cape Peninsula and Cape Flats, and the undeveloped land of the rest of the peninsula now form part of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Cape_Town" title="City of Cape Town">City of Cape Town</a> <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_municipality" title="Metropolitan municipality">metropolitan municipality</a>. The Cape Peninsula is bounded to the north by <a href="/wiki/Table_Bay" title="Table Bay">Table Bay</a>, to the west by the open <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, and to the east by <a href="/wiki/False_Bay" title="False Bay">False Bay</a> in the south and the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats" title="Cape Flats">Cape Flats</a> in the north. </p><p>The peninsula is mostly the mountainous remnant of very old durable sandstone formations with low dip, deposited unconformably on an ancient underlying granite peneplain. The climate is of the Mediterranean type, with predominantly winter rainfall and mild temperatures, and the natural vegetation is exceptionally diverse, with an unusually large number of endemic plant species for an area of this size, many of which are endangered, and threatened by human activity and encroachment, but are to some extent protected on the large part of the peninsula which is in the <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park</a>. The coastal waters include a major seaport in Table Bay, and a <a href="/wiki/Marine_protected_area" title="Marine protected area">marine protected area</a> in the two adjacent but significantly different <a href="/wiki/Marine_ecoregion" title="Marine ecoregion">marine ecoregions</a>, which meet at Cape Point. Most of the lower lying coastal land of the central and northern peninsula has been developed as first agricultural, and later urban areas. The rocky uplands have historically avoided development because of difficult access, poor soils and steep slopes, and more recently have been legally protected as being of high ecological importance, but are threatened by illegal land invasion and informal settlement. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_geography">Physical geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Physical geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park#Geography" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park § Geography</a></div> <p>The Cape Peninsula is 52 km long from Mouille point in the north to Cape Point in the south,<sup id="cite_ref-Map_3318_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Map_3318-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with an area of about 470 km<sup>2</sup>, and it displays more topographical variety than other similar sized areas in southern Africa, and consequently spectacular scenery. There are diverse low-nutrient soils, large rocky outcrops, scree slopes, a mainly rocky coastline with embayed beaches, and considerable local variation in climatic conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The sedimentary rocks of the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Supergroup" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Supergroup">Cape Supergroup</a>, of which parts of the Graafwater and Peninsula Formations remain, were uplifted between 280 and 21S million years ago, and were largely eroded away during the Mesozoic. The region was geologically stable during the Tertiary, which has led to slow denudation of the durable sandstones. Erosion rate and drainage has been influenced by fault lines and fractures, leaving remnant steep-sided massifs like Table Mountain surrounded by flatter slopes of deposits of the eroded material overlaying the older rocks,<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are two internationally notable landmarks, <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cape_Point" title="Cape Point">Cape Point</a>, at opposite ends of the Peninsula Mountain Chain, with the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats" title="Cape Flats">Cape Flats</a> and <a href="/wiki/False_Bay" title="False Bay">False Bay</a> to the east and the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> to the west. The landscape is dominated by sandstone plateaux and ridges, which generally drop steeply at their margins to the surrounding debris slopes, interrupted by a major gap at the Fish Hoek–Noordhoek valley. In the south much of the area is a low sandstone plateau with sand dunes. Maximum altitude is 1113 m on Table Mountain.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mountains">Mountains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Mountains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mountains and peaks: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>Baboon hill (500 m),</li> <li>Belle Ombre 725 m ,</li> <li>Blinkwater Peak 989 m <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33.967325___S_18.402884___E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°58′02″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°24′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.967325°S 18.402884°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.967325; 18.402884</span></span></span></a></span></span>, above Camp's Bay,</li> <li>Blokhuiskop 417 m,</li> <li>Bokkop 410 m (405 m),</li> <li>Bonteberg<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 237 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_13.091__S_18_23.058__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°13.091′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°23.058′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.218183°S 18.384300°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.218183; 18.384300</span></span></span></a></span></span>, hill south of Scarborough,</li> <li>Brakkloofrant 305 m,</li> <li>Cave Peak 445 m,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapman%27s_Peak" title="Chapman's Peak">Chapman's Peak</a> 592 m, south of Hout Bay</li> <li>Cleft Peak 833 m,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantiaberg" title="Constantiaberg">Constantiaberg</a> 900 m, to the south of Constantia Nek on the eastern route to Hout Bay valley,</li> <li>Corridor Buttress (St. Paul) 750 m,</li> <li>Dassenberg (163 m), in Noordhoek valley,</li> <li>Dassiekop 640 m,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a> 1,000 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_57.277__S_18_26.428__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°57.277′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.428′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.954617°S 18.440467°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.954617; 18.440467</span></span></span></a></span></span>, peak to the east of the City Bowl</li> <li>Eagles Nest 417 m,</li> <li>Else Peak<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Elsie's Peak) (303m), <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_09.000__S_18_26.113__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°09.000′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.113′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.150000°S 18.435217°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.150000; 18.435217</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small peak between Simon's Town and Fish Hoek,</li> <li>Fernwood Peak 1,003 m,</li> <li>Fountain Peak 1,051 m,</li> <li>Grootkop<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 857 m,</li> <li>Grootkop 390 m, northeast of Scarborough</li> <li>Higher Steenberg Peak 537 m,</li> <li>Judas Peak (758 m), southernmost peak in the chain of peaks known as the 12 Apostles on the west side of the peninsula,</li> <li>Judas Peak (319 m), <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_16.7__S_18_28.3__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°16.7′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.3′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.2783°S 18.4717°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.2783; 18.4717</span></span></span></a></span></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-SAN_1016_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAN_1016-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the peak above the cliffs to the immediate south of Smitswinkel Bay,</li> <li>Junction Peak<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 919 m,</li> <li>Kalkbaaiberg<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Kalk Bay Peak) 516 m (517m), <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_06.737__S_18_26.382__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°06.737′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.382′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.112283°S 18.439700°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.112283; 18.439700</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the peak above Kalk Bay</li> <li>Kapteinspiek 414 m, to the west of Hout Bay, east of Karbonkelberg,</li> <li>Karbonkelberg<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 653 m, above Duiker Point, west of Hout Bay,</li> <li>Klaassenskop 742 m,</li> <li>Klaasjagersberg 560 m,</li> <li>Klassenkop 902 m,</li> <li>Klein Blouberg,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Klein-Tuinkop 492 m,</li> <li>Langeberg (c320 m),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion%27s_Head_(Cape_Town)" title="Lion's Head (Cape Town)">Lion's Head</a> (Leeukop) 669 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_56.120__S_18_23.356__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°56.120′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°23.356′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.935333°S 18.389267°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.935333; 18.389267</span></span></span></a></span></span>, peak to the west of the City Bowl,</li> <li>Little Lions Head (Klein Leeukop)<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 436 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_00.975__S_18_20.655__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°00.975′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°20.655′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.016250°S 18.344250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.016250; 18.344250</span></span></span></a></span></span>, peak between Llandudno and Hout Bay valley,</li> <li>Lower Chapman's Peak 500 m,</li> <li>Low Steenberg 463 m (504 m),</li> <li>Maiden Peak 372 m,</li> <li>Matrooskop (109m),<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_19.576__S_18_27.834__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°19.576′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.834′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.326267°S 18.463900°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.326267; 18.463900</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small local peak inshore of Buffels Bay,</li> <li>Minor Peak 856 m, peak on the north flank of Devil's Peak</li> <li>Muizenberg<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 507 m (509m), <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_06.006__S_18_27.556__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°06.006′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.556′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.100100°S 18.459267°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.100100; 18.459267</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the peak to the west of Muizenberg suburb, and the northernmost peak directly overlooking the west side of False Bay,</li> <li>Noordhoek Lower 494 m,</li> <li>Noordhoek Peak<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Noordhoekpiek) (764 m),</li> <li>North Peak 477 m (486m),</li> <li>Paulsberg (369m),<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_17.635__S_18_27.808__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°17.635′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.808′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.293917°S 18.463467°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.293917; 18.463467</span></span></span></a></span></span>, highest peak overlooking the south side of Smitswinkel Bay,</li> <li>Platkop 371 m,</li> <li>Reserve Peak 844 m,</li> <li>Ridge Peak 507 m,</li> <li>Rooihoogte 275 m, (above Smitswinkel Bay)</li> <li>Rooikrans<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 193 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_08.640__S_18_22.512__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°08.640′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°22.512′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.144000°S 18.375200°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.144000; 18.375200</span></span></span></a></span></span>,</li> <li>Saint James Peak 422 m,</li> <li>Saint Michael Peak 917 m,</li> <li>Sentinel (Hangberg)<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 331 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_03.580__S_18_20.287__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°03.580′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°20.287′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.059667°S 18.338117°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.059667; 18.338117</span></span></span></a></span></span>, peak on west side of Hout Bay,</li> <li>Signal Hill 340 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_55.033__S_18_24.249__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°55.033′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°24.249′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.917217°S 18.404150°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.917217; 18.404150</span></span></span></a></span></span>, ridge north of Lion's Head, separating the City Bowl from the Atlantic Seaboard,</li> <li>Simonsberg<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 564 m (548 m), <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_12.299__S_18_26.304__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°12.299′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.304′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.204983°S 18.438400°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.204983; 18.438400</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the peak above Simon's Town,</li> <li>Skildersgatkop (127 m),</li> <li>Skoorsteenkop 523 m,</li> <li>Skoorsteenberg Sub 540 m,</li> <li>Slangolie Buttress 780 m,</li> <li>Spitskop 447 m,</li> <li>Steenbergkoppie 290 m,</li> <li>Suther Peak 614 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_02.008__S_18_19.659__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°02.008′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°19.659′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.033467°S 18.327650°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.033467; 18.327650</span></span></span></a></span></span>,</li> <li>Swartkop<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Zwartkop) (679 m), <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_12.943__S_18_27.025__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°12.943′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.025′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.215717°S 18.450417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.215717; 18.450417</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the highest point on the Southern Peninsula,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a> (Maclear's Beacon), (1,086 m) <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_58.008__S_18_25.532__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°58.008′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25.532′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.966800°S 18.425533°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.966800; 18.425533</span></span></span></a></span></span>, highest point on the Cape Peninsula</li> <li>Trappies Kop (Trappieskop), (240 m) <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_07.668__S_18_26.414__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°07.668′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.414′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.127800°S 18.440233°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.127800; 18.440233</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the hill above Kalk Bay,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Apostles_(mountains)" title="Twelve Apostles (mountains)">Twelve Apostles</a> a group of several peaks and buttresses along the west coast south of Table Mountain</li> <li>Vasco da Gama Peak<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Cape Point Highpoint) 250 m (266m), <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_20_41.07_S_18_28_29.32_E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°20′41.07″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28′29.32″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.3447417°S 18.4748111°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.3447417; 18.4748111</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the highest point nearest the mouth of False Bay on the Cape Peninsula,</li> <li>Vlakkenberg 560 m,</li> <li>Vlooiberg 377 m,</li> <li>Wolfkop 393 m,</li></ul> </div> <p>Passes (<a href="/wiki/Col" title="Col">cols</a>): </p> <ul><li>Kloof Nek, pass between City Bowl and Camps Bay, col between table mountain and Lion's Head,</li> <li>Constantia Nek, pass between Southern Suburbs and Hout Bay valley,</li> <li>(Ou Kaapse Weg), pass between Southern Suburbs and Fish Hoek valley,</li> <li>(Redhill Road),</li> <li>pass between Llandudno and Hout Bay valley, col between Judas Peak and Little Lion's Head,</li></ul> <p>Valleys and gorges: </p> <ul><li>Disa gorge</li> <li>Fish Hoek–Noordhoek valley</li> <li>Hout Bay valley</li> <li>Platteklip gorge</li> <li>Skeleton gorge</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coastline">Coastline</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Coastline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If using the river drainage to define the extent of the peninsula, the coastline extends from the mouth of the Salt River in Table Bay to the mouth of Sandvlei at Muizenberg. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="West_coast">West coast</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: West coast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Salt River mouth, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_54.473__S_18_2.339__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°54.473′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°2.339′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.907883°S 18.038983°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.907883; 18.038983</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Bay" title="Table Bay">Table Bay</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, the northern boundary of the Cape Peninsula</li> <li>Granger Bay<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_53.966__S_18_24.896__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°53.966′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°24.896′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.899433°S 18.414933°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.899433; 18.414933</span></span></span></a></span></span>, harbour mouth</li> <li>Mouille Point, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_53.931__S_18_24.745__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°53.931′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°24.745′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.898850°S 18.412417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.898850; 18.412417</span></span></span></a></span></span>,</li> <li>Green Point lighthouse <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_54.088__S_18_23.996__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°54.088′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°23.996′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.901467°S 18.399933°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.901467; 18.399933</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li>Three-Anchor Bay,</li> <li>Rocklands Beach,</li> <li>Sea Point<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_55.322__S_18_22.618__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°55.322′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°22.618′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.922033°S 18.376967°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.922033; 18.376967</span></span></span></a></span></span>,</li> <li>Bantry Bay, a small rocky bay.<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_55.564__S_18_22.670__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°55.564′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°22.670′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.926067°S 18.377833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.926067; 18.377833</span></span></span></a></span></span>,</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clifton Bay (page does not exist)">Clifton Bay</a>, which has four sandy beaches separated by rocky outcrops extending to the water's edge;<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <ul><li>Clifton First Beach,</li> <li>Clifton Second Beach,</li> <li>Clifton Third Beach,</li> <li>Clifton Fourth Beach,</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camps_Bay" title="Camps Bay">Camps Bay</a><sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Beach" title="Glen Beach">Glen Beach</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camps_Bay_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Camps Bay Beach">Camps Bay Beach</a>,</li></ul></li> <li>Bakoven Bay<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li>Koeëlbaai<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_58.332__S_18_22.172__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°58.332′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°22.172′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.972200°S 18.369533°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.972200; 18.369533</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a narrow beach of wave-rounded boulders</li> <li>Oudekraal <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=33_59.270__S_18_20.923__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°59.270′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°20.923′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.987833°S 18.348717°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-33.987833; 18.348717</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Bay,_Cape_Town" title="Sandy Bay, Cape Town">Sandy Bay</a>, <ul><li>Sandy Bay beach<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_1.423__S_18_19.885__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°1.423′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°19.885′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.023717°S 18.331417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.023717; 18.331417</span></span></span></a></span></span></li></ul></li> <li>Oude Schip, a low rocky promontory at the north of Leeugat bay.<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_01.683__S_18_18.647__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°01.683′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°18.647′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.028050°S 18.310783°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.028050; 18.310783</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li>Die Middelmas, a cluster of large exposed granite rocks a short distance southwest of the point at Oude Schip.<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_01.752__S_18_18.329__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°01.752′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°18.329′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.029200°S 18.305483°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.029200; 18.305483</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li>Leeugat,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, also known as Maori Bay, for the wreck of the <a href="/wiki/SS_Maori" class="mw-redirect" title="SS Maori">SS <i>Maori</i></a>, a rocky bay to the west of Karbonkelberg, between Duiker Point and Oude Schip,</li> <li>Duiker Point, a rocky promontory at the foot of Karbonkelberg, marking the south of Leeugat Bay.<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_02.320__S_18_18.447__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°02.320′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°18.447′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.038667°S 18.307450°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.038667; 18.307450</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duiker_Island" title="Duiker Island">Duiker Island</a>, a low granite islet used by a breeding colony of Cape fur seals.<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_03.512__S_18_18.623__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°03.512′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°18.623′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.058533°S 18.310383°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.058533; 18.310383</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hout_Bay" title="Hout Bay">Hout Bay</a><sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <ul><li>York Point <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_03.323__S_18_20.898__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°03.323′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°20.898′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.055383°S 18.348300°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.055383; 18.348300</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hout_Bay_harbour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hout Bay harbour (page does not exist)">Hout Bay harbour</a> mouth <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_03.075__S_18_20.990__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°03.075′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°20.990′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.051250°S 18.349833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.051250; 18.349833</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hout_Bay_beach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hout Bay beach (page does not exist)">Hout Bay beach</a>,</li></ul></li> <li>Blockhouse Point<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_3.322__S_18_21.735__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°3.322′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°21.735′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.055367°S 18.362250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.055367; 18.362250</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li>Die Josie <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_4.586__S_18_21.292__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°4.586′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°21.292′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.076433°S 18.354867°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.076433; 18.354867</span></span></span></a></span></span></li> <li>Chapman's Point<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_05.459__S_18_20.959__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°05.459′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°20.959′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.090983°S 18.349317°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.090983; 18.349317</span></span></span></a></span></span>, Major promontory between Hout Bay and Chapmans Bay at the foot of Chapman's Peak,</li> <li>Chapman's Bay<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noordhoek_Beach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noordhoek Beach (page does not exist)">Noordhoek Beach</a>,</li></ul></li> <li>Klein Slangkoppunt<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slangkoppunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slangkoppunt (page does not exist)">Slangkoppunt</a><sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li>Witsandsbaai<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Witsands_Beach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Witsands Beach (page does not exist)">Witsands Beach</a>,</li></ul></li> <li>Schuster's Bay,<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, a small bay at Scarborough <ul><li>Schuster's Bay beach (Scarborough Beach),<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olifantsbospunt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olifantsbospunt (page does not exist)">Olifantsbospunt</a><sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_16.351__S_18_22.847__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°16.351′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°22.847′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.272517°S 18.380783°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.272517; 18.380783</span></span></span></a></span></span>,</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoek_van_Bobbejaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoek van Bobbejaan (page does not exist)">Hoek van Bobbejaan</a><sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=35_18.485__S_18_24.187__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°18.485′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°24.187′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.308083°S 18.403117°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-35.308083; 18.403117</span></span></span></a></span></span>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a> (Cape Maclear)<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diaz_Beach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diaz Beach (page does not exist)">Diaz Beach</a><sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Point" title="Cape Point">Cape Point</a>, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_21_26_S_18_29_51_E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°21′26″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°29′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.35722°S 18.49750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.35722; 18.49750</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the south-westernmost point of the bay, marked by the current lighthouse and the original lighthouse,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="False_Bay_coast">False Bay coast</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: False Bay coast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Landmarks of the False Bay coastline:<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Rooikrans, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_20.456__S_18_28.407__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°20.456′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.407′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.340933°S 18.473450°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.340933; 18.473450</span></span></span></a></span></span>, A cliff area with a small sea cave,</li> <li>Buffels Bay, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_19.123__S_18_27.650__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°19.123′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.650′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.318717°S 18.460833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.318717; 18.460833</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small bay on the west side of False Bay, with a small craft slipway,</li> <li>Bordjiesrif<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li>Hell's Gate<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li>Batsata Rock, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_16.603__S_18_28.836__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°16.603′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.836′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.276717°S 18.480600°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.276717; 18.480600</span></span></span></a></span></span>, an exposed inshore granite rock below Judas Peak near the northern boundary of the Paulsberg restricted zone, and the southern limit of Smitswinkel Bay,</li> <li>Smitswinkel Bay, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_16.007__S_18_28.261__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°16.007′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.261′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.266783°S 18.471017°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.266783; 18.471017</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small bay on the west side of False Bay, with a few coastal houses,</li> <li>Partridge Point<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_15.343__S_18_28.606__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°15.343′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.606′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.255717°S 18.476767°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.255717; 18.476767</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a granite corestone promontory with several large exposed inshore rocks extending about a hundred metres into the bay on the north side of Smitswinkel Bay,</li> <li>Finlay's Point, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_14_56.9_S_18_28_36.5_E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°14′56.9″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28′36.5″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.249139°S 18.476806°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.249139; 18.476806</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a smaller granite corestone promontory north of Partridge Point,</li> <li>Castle Rocks<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_14.362__S_18_28.661__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°14.362′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.661′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.239367°S 18.477683°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.239367; 18.477683</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a larger granite corestone promontory, comprising a massive and fairly high outcrop at the end of a small, low isthmus, with several large inshore exposed rocks south of Miller's Point,</li> <li>Rumbly Bay, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_14.020__S_18_28.489__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°14.020′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.489′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.233667°S 18.474817°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.233667; 18.474817</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small cove with a small craft slipway on the south side of Miller's Point,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millers_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Millers Point">Millers Point</a>, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_13.932__S_18_28.587__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°13.932′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°28.587′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.232200°S 18.476450°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.232200; 18.476450</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a fairly large but low granite corestone promontory, with a small craft slipway on the northwest side, and several exposed and drying rocks extending to seaward,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rocklands Point, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_12.964__S_18_27.921__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°12.964′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.921′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.216067°S 18.465350°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.216067; 18.465350</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a minor granite promontory north of Miller's Point, with a few exposed inshore rocks<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Oatlands Point, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_12.067__S_18_27.395__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°12.067′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.395′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.201117°S 18.456583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.201117; 18.456583</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a minor granite promontory with a large and several smaller inshore exposed rocks and a shoreline navigation beacon,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Fishermans Beach, , a short, sandy beach north of Oatlands Point,</li> <li>Froggy Pond, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_12.219__S_18_27.418__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°12.219′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.418′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.203650°S 18.456967°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.203650; 18.456967</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small cove with a small sandy beach north of Fishermans Beach separated by a low rocky promontory,</li> <li>Windmill Beach, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_12.067__S_18_27.395__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°12.067′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.395′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.201117°S 18.456583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.201117; 18.456583</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small sandy beach partly enclosed by massive granite boulders, with two small coves,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon%27s_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon's Bay">Simon's Bay</a>, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_11.073__S_18_25.945__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°11.073′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25.945′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.184550°S 18.432417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.184550; 18.432417</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the largest bay on the west side of False Bay, very well protected from the prevailing south westerly swell, but fairly exposed to wind and waves from the south-east,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boulders_Beach" title="Boulders Beach">Boulders Beach</a>, Seaforth, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_11.833__S_18_27.082__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°11.833′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°27.082′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.197217°S 18.451367°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.197217; 18.451367</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a sandy beach between large scattered granite boulders,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon%27s_Town_Naval_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon's Town Naval Base">Simon's Town Naval Base</a> harbour, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_11.317__S_18_26.283__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°11.317′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.283′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.188617°S 18.438050°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.188617; 18.438050</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a man-made harbour with breakwater and sea-walls enclosing the naval dockyard,</li> <li>Long Beach, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_11.236__S_18_25.579__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°11.236′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25.579′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.187267°S 18.426317°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.187267; 18.426317</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a sandy beach on the west side of Simon's Bay, usually in the lee of the harbour for south easterly winds,</li> <li>Mackerel Bay, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_10.302__S_18_25.761__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°10.302′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25.761′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.171700°S 18.429350°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.171700; 18.429350</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small sandy beach north of Simon's Town,</li> <li>Elsebaai, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_09.593__S_18_25.921__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°09.593′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°25.921′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.159883°S 18.432017°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.159883; 18.432017</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small bay in the north part of Simon's Bay,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Glencairn beach</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_Hoek" title="Fish Hoek">Fish Hoek</a> bay, (Vishoekbaai)<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34.13745___S_18.43374___E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°08′15″S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26′01″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.13745°S 18.43374°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.13745; 18.43374</span></span></span></a></span></span>, the northernmost minor bay of the west side of False Bay with a sandy beach open to the sea,<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Fish Hoek beach, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_08.160__S_18_26.148__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°08.160′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.148′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.136000°S 18.435800°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.136000; 18.435800</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a sandy beach on the east side of the Fish Hoek–Noordhoek gap, a low-lying break in the mountain range of the peninsula between False Bay and the Atlantic coast.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalk_Bay" title="Kalk Bay">Kalk Bay</a> (Kalkbaai)<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,</li> <li>Kalk Bay harbour, <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cape_Peninsula&params=34_07.698__S_18_26.986__E_region:ZA_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°07.698′S</span> <span class="longitude">18°26.986′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.128300°S 18.449767°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.128300; 18.449767</span></span></span></a></span></span>, a small commercial fishing harbour in Kalk bay, completely enclosing the tiny sandy beach,</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drainage">Drainage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Drainage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Cape_Town" title="Geology of Cape Town">Geology of Cape Town</a></div> <p>The characteristics of the rivers and wetlands of a region are a complex emergent product of the influences of geology, hydrology, ecology, and more recently, technology, over the long-term history of both the region and its surroundings. The rivers of the Cape Peninsula are generally steep and narrow following the current topography of the region. The current geomorphology determines the form and structure of catchments, and these in turn are determined by the past drainage patterns and geology of the surface at the time, the changes in climate and sea level, and the variations in altitude and slope caused by tectonic movement over the longer time-frame.<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch2">: Ch2 </span></sup> </p><p>The courses of most of the rivers of the peninsula are controlled by the structural characteristics of the Table Mountain Group rocks. The major lineaments lie mostly northwest to southeast in the southern peninsula, and to the northeast in the northern peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch2">: Ch2 </span></sup> </p><p>Anticlockwise from the east side of Table Bay. </p><p>Rivers of the City Bowl:<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch7">: Ch7 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li>Capelsloot – A stream from the western slopes of Devil's Peak was diverted into a ditch to fill the moat round the Castle when it was first built. In 1905 it was combined with the Platteklip Stream in the storm-water system that drains into the harbour in Table Bay.</li> <li>Platteklip Stream<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – From Platteklip Gorge, canalised as the Heerengracht for irrigation and supply to a waterfront cistern, later diverted to into Capelsloot, which now flows through storm-water drains into Table Bay.</li> <li>Third Stream, Zwartrivier and Molenwater. Molenwater flows from springs in Oranjezicht, joined at the top of the Company Gardens by Third stream from the Waterhof and Leeuwenhof springs near Kloof Nek, and the Zwartrivier. They were canalised as the Buitengracht, and are now discharged as storm-water.</li></ul> <p>The Atlantic Seaboard: </p> <ul><li>Diepsloot, at the north of Camps Bay, is joined by Camps Bay Stream shortly before it reaches the sea.</li> <li>Blinkwater Stream<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> flows directly to the sea just south of Camps Bay.</li> <li>Kasteelpoort Stream flows directly to the sea just south of Bakoven.</li></ul> <p>Hout Bay Valley:<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch14">: Ch14 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li>The Hout Bay river starts as the Disa River on the Back Table near the top of Table Mountain and flows south over a series of waterfalls to the Orange Kloof The lower reaches are known as the Hout Bay River. Tributaries include Bokkermanskloof Stream and Baviaanskloof River. The river has a small estuary that opens in winter.</li></ul> <p>The Noordhoek Wetlands:<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch16">: Ch16 </span></sup> The catchment areas to the north, east and to some extent the south discharge via poorly defined routes into a large wetland, the Papkuilsvlei, where there are three permanent bodies of water – Lake Michelle and the two Wildevoelvleis. </p> <ul><li>There are also two long, narrow, back lagoons at Noordhoek Beach</li> <li>The Bokramspruit<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> flows into the sea near Kommetjie, at the southwest corner of the Noordhoek valley</li></ul> <p>The westward draining rivers of the Cape Point area:<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch15">: Ch15 </span></sup> There are several seasonal streams, seeps, and vleis, most of which dry up in the summer. Perennial rivers include: </p> <ul><li>Schusters River<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> drains the Red Hill and Wildeschutzbrand areas inland of Scarborough, feeds a large wetland area in its lower reaches, and enters the sea via a small lagoon at the south side of Scarborough.</li> <li>Klaasjagters River<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> drains the Swartkopberge and the area further west from Miller's Point. It flows south in the upper reaches the west until it reaches a fairly large lagoon north of Olifantsboschpunt, from which it drains to the sea. In the past it has also been known as Groote, Kromme, Krom, Hout and Smitswinkel River.</li> <li>The Krom River drains the western watershed of Paulsberg, and flows northwest across the Smitswinkelvlakte to join the Klaasjagters River</li></ul> <p>The eastward draining rivers of the Southern Peninsula:<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch15">: Ch15 </span></sup> These rivers are generally fairly short and steep, and some, such as the Silvermine and Elsje rivers, have valley bottom wetlands at the coast. </p> <ul><li>The Silvermine River,<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> originally known as the Esselstein Rivier, drains the valley south of the Steenberg mountains and flows east across the Steenberg Plateau, then south through the Silvermine Valley before crossing the coastal Fish Hoek plain to False Bay at Clovelly on the north side of Fish Hoek Bay.</li> <li>Elsjes River<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> flows from the Red Hill plateau to False Bay in the Glencairn valley.</li> <li>Klawersvlei River<sup id="cite_ref-King_1983_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King_1983-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> flows northwest from behind the mountains above Miller's Point over the plateau behind Simon's Town, before turning east over the escarpment and a high waterfall, entering the bay near the railway station.</li> <li>The Buffels River flows from a small spring to its mouth in Buffels Bay.</li></ul> <p>The Sandvlei catchment drains the east side of the mountains north of Muizenberg and south of the Liesbeek catcment into False Bay:<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch13">: Ch13 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li>Sandvlei (Zandvlei) is the largest of eight estuaries on the False Bay coastline, with an area of about 155 hectares. It is fed by the Westlake, Keysers and Sand rivers. The Diep River flows from the mountains above Constantia to Little Princessvlei, which is drained by the Sand River, which flows into the northeast of Sandvlei. The Westlake River, also known as the Steenberg or Raapkraal River, originates on the slopes of the Steenberg and flows through the Kirstenhof wetlands into the north west of Sandvlei, and the Keysers River and its tributaris, the Grootbosch, Spaanschemat and Prinseskasteel rivers rise on Constantiaberg. The upper reaches of the Spaanschemat River are known as the Glen Alpine Stream, which originates below Constantia Nek and is joined by the Eagles Nest Stream.</li></ul> <p>The Liesbeek Valley on the north-eastern side of Table Mountain drains the northeastern side of the mountains into table Bay:<sup id="cite_ref-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown_and_Magoba_2009_part_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: Ch8">: Ch8 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li>The Liesbeek river originates as the Vaalkat, Nursery and Skeleton streams, from the southern side of Window Buttress, which feed into the Protea Stream in Kirstenbosch, which is joined by the Window Stream from the north slopes of Window Buttress, and further along its course by the Hiddingh Stream, from near Maclear's Beacon. Various other tributoies such as the Papenboom, Newlands, Albert and Mount Pleasant streams are piped into the Liesbeek via stormwater drains before it joins the Black River about two kilometres from Table Bay.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b> with: A map of the catchment areas and river courses would be nice.. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Cape_Town" title="Geology of Cape Town">Geology of Cape Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Fold_Belt" title="Cape Fold Belt">Cape Fold Belt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_Sandstone" title="Table Mountain Sandstone">Table Mountain Sandstone</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Geology_of_Cape_Peninsula_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Geology_of_Cape_Peninsula_1.jpg/290px-Geology_of_Cape_Peninsula_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Geology_of_Cape_Peninsula_1.jpg/435px-Geology_of_Cape_Peninsula_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Geology_of_Cape_Peninsula_1.jpg/580px-Geology_of_Cape_Peninsula_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="5064" /></a><figcaption>Geology of the Cape Peninsula, showing where the Malmesbury Group and Cape Granite rocks and weathered soils are exposed, and overlain by the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Fold_Belt" title="Cape Fold Belt">Cape Supergroup</a>. The hard, erosion resistant Cape Supergroup form the mountains of the Peninsula.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West-East_cross_section_through_Cape_Peninsula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/West-East_cross_section_through_Cape_Peninsula.jpg/290px-West-East_cross_section_through_Cape_Peninsula.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/West-East_cross_section_through_Cape_Peninsula.jpg/435px-West-East_cross_section_through_Cape_Peninsula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/West-East_cross_section_through_Cape_Peninsula.jpg/580px-West-East_cross_section_through_Cape_Peninsula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10000" data-file-height="3396" /></a><figcaption>Schematic West-East geological cross section through the Cape Peninsula to illustrate its general structure. It closely resembles a W–E section through the Back Table, immediately south of Table Mountain, but is not to scale. The height of the "plateau" varies from 1000 m on <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a>, in the north, to about 150 m close to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Point" title="Cape Point">Cape Point</a>, 50 km to the south. The colour-coding is the same as on the geological map on the left. <a href="/wiki/Kirstenbosch_Botanical_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens">Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens</a>, and all the major wines estates on the Peninsula are situated on the fertile (weathered) granite slopes on the east side of the mountain.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ou_Kaapse_weg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Ou_Kaapse_weg.jpg/290px-Ou_Kaapse_weg.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Ou_Kaapse_weg.jpg/435px-Ou_Kaapse_weg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Ou_Kaapse_weg.jpg/580px-Ou_Kaapse_weg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>A view of the cutting at the second hairpin bend on <a href="/wiki/Ou_Kaapse_Weg" title="Ou Kaapse Weg">Ou Kaapse Weg</a>, as it winds on to the Silvermine Plateau. The transition between the lowermost layer of the Table Mountain Group on the Cape Peninsula - the Graafwater Formation - and the layer above it, the Table Mountain Sandstone or Peninsula Formation, can be clearly seen. The photograph was taken at an elevation of 250 m.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Newlands_Graafwater.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Newlands_Graafwater.jpg/290px-Newlands_Graafwater.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="401" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Newlands_Graafwater.jpg/435px-Newlands_Graafwater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Newlands_Graafwater.jpg/580px-Newlands_Graafwater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption> A view of the eastern crags (or cliffs) of Table Mountain and Devils Peak as seen from Newlands Forest, above the University of Cape Town. The two layers of the Table Mountain Group which are represented on the Cape Peninsula, namely the Graafwater Formation and the Table Mountain Sandstone or Peninsula Formation, can readily be distinguished. The remaining layer, the Pakhuis Formation, occurs as a tiny remnant at <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Maclear" title="Thomas Maclear">Maclear's</a> Beacon on the top of Table Mountain, not visible in the photograph. The granite basement on which the Table Mountain Group rests on the Cape Peninsula is obscured by the forest in the foreground.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Erosion_A5.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Erosion_A5.svg/290px-Erosion_A5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Erosion_A5.svg/435px-Erosion_A5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Erosion_A5.svg/580px-Erosion_A5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>A west-east (left to right) geological cross section through Table Mountain on the Cape Peninsula, the Cape Flats (the isthmus connecting the Peninsula to the African mainland) and the <a href="/wiki/Hottentots_Holland_Mountains" title="Hottentots Holland Mountains">Hottentots Holland Mountains</a> on the mainland. It indicates how the Cape Fold Mountains have been eroded in this region, leaving what was once the bottom of a valley to form Table Mountain with its flat table-top structure.<sup id="cite_ref-compton_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compton-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The Cape Peninsula is underlain by the oldest rocks in the area, the <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Cape_Town#The_geological_structure_of_the_region" title="Geology of Cape Town">Malmesbury Group</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> intrusions of the <i>Peninsula pluton</i>. </p><p>The Malmesbury Group has been dated from between 830 and 980 Mya, and was deformed during the <a href="/wiki/Pan-African_orogeny" title="Pan-African orogeny">Saldanian orogenic cycle</a>, both before and during the granite intrusions of 630 to 500 Mya, and there are minor intrusions which precede the granite. The base of this group has not been exposed.<sup id="cite_ref-sheet_3318_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sheet_3318-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The basal rocks were eroded to a relatively featureless <a href="/wiki/Peneplain" title="Peneplain">peneplain</a> with exposed granites covering most of the peninsula south of <a href="/wiki/Lion%27s_Head_(Cape_Town)" title="Lion's Head (Cape Town)">Lion's Head</a> and <a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a>. The <i>Sea-Point contact zone</i>, described by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> is a well known region of <a href="/wiki/Metamorphic_rock" title="Metamorphic rock">metamorphic rocks</a> formed by the <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> <a href="/wiki/Intrusive_rock" title="Intrusive rock">intrusion</a> into the Malmesbury rocks.<sup id="cite_ref-compton_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compton-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These rocks were later <a href="/wiki/Unconformity" title="Unconformity">unconformably</a> covered by the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Fold_Belt#Cape_Supergroup" title="Cape Fold Belt">Cape Supergroup</a>, which is divided into eight formations, the three oldest of which are present on the Peninsula. The lowest present is the reddish <i>Graafwater formation</i> which consist of <a href="/wiki/Shales" class="mw-redirect" title="Shales">shales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a>. The Graafwater Formation can be clearly seen in the cutting on the second hairpin bend as the <a href="/wiki/Ou_Kaapse_Weg" title="Ou Kaapse Weg">Ou Kaapse Weg</a> (road) goes up the slope from Westlake on to the Silvermine plateau. In the cutting one can also see the abrupt and obvious transition into the <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_Sandstone" title="Table Mountain Sandstone">Table Mountain Sandstone</a> (or, as it is currently known, the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Fold_Belt#Table_Mountain_Group" title="Cape Fold Belt">Peninsula Formation Sandstone</a>) above it. Looking up the slope from below to the first hairpin bend, the granite basement on which the Graafwater formation rests is visible. And in the cutting at the first hairpin bend, the ocher-colored, gritty clay into which the granite weathers is clearly displayed. The relatively thin Graafwater layer (no more than about 60–70 m thick on the Cape Peninsula) is overlain by the prominent <a href="/wiki/Cape_Fold_Belt#Cape_Supergroup" title="Cape Fold Belt">Peninsula Formation</a>, which consists mainly of hard, erosion resistant, quartzitic sandstones, which form the high, prominent, almost vertical cliffs of the Cape Peninsula. At the very top of <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Maclear" title="Thomas Maclear">Maclear's</a> Beacon, is a small remnant of the <i>Pakhuis <a href="/wiki/Diamictite" title="Diamictite">Diamictites</a></i>, better represented in the <a href="/wiki/Cederberg_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Cederberg Mountains">Cederberg Mountains</a>, 200 km to the north of Cape Town.<sup id="cite_ref-sheet_3318_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sheet_3318-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soils">Soils</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Soils"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The soils of the Cape Peninsula are similar to those of other parts of the Cape Fold Belt, being derived from similar rock, and are mainly sandy and poor in nutrients. The poorest soils are those associated with the sandstone plateaux and upper slopes, which are grey, acidic, leached and generally shallow. They are mostly well drained, but there are areas of poor drainage on the relatively level plateaux and high ground which get winter rains and south-Easter cloud precipitation in summer, which are very acidic and have a high content of organic matter. The deeper soils of the colluvial slopes which are underlain by shale or granite tend to be heavier, orange to red, less acid and richer in nutrients. Soils associated with older Quaternary deposits tend to be fairly deep, moderately acid and more fertile than the soils derived from the sandstones. Younger sands along the coastline are alkaline and poorly consolidated.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oceanography">Oceanography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Oceanography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a> is sometimes erroneously identified as the meeting point of the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Oceans</a>. However, according to the <a href="/wiki/International_Hydrographic_Organization" title="International Hydrographic Organization">International Hydrographic Organization</a> agreement that defines the ocean boundaries, the meeting point is at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Agulhas" title="Cape Agulhas">Cape Agulhas</a>, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) to the southeast and the most southerly tip of the African continent.<sup id="cite_ref-UNESCO_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNESCO-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-southafricainfo_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-southafricainfo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Simonstown.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simonstown.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The west coast of the Peninsula is referred to as the "Atlantic Coast", "Atlantic Seaboard" or west coast,<sup id="cite_ref-discoverthecape_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-discoverthecape-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the eastern side is generally known as the "False Bay Coast". </p><p>Similarly, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Point" title="Cape Point">Cape Point</a> is not the fixed "meeting point" of the cold <a href="/wiki/Benguela_Current" title="Benguela Current">Benguela Current</a>, running northwards along the west coast of Africa, and the warm <a href="/wiki/Agulhas_Current" title="Agulhas Current">Agulhas Current</a>, running south from the equatorial region along the east coast of Africa. In fact the south flowing Agulhas Current swings away from the African coastline between about <a href="/wiki/East_London,_Eastern_Cape" class="mw-redirect" title="East London, Eastern Cape">East London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Port_Elizabeth" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Elizabeth">Port Elizabeth</a>, following the edge of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_shelf" title="Continental shelf">Continental shelf</a> roughly as far as the southern tip of the <a href="/wiki/Agulhas_Bank" title="Agulhas Bank">Agulhas Bank</a>, 250 km (155 miles) south of Cape Agulhas.<sup id="cite_ref-Branch_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Branch-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From there it is retroflexed (turned sharply round) in an easterly direction by the <a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_Ocean" class="mw-redirect" title="South Atlantic Ocean">South Atlantic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">South Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a> currents, known collectively as the "<a href="/wiki/West_Wind_Drift" class="mw-redirect" title="West Wind Drift">West Wind Drift</a>", which flow eastwards round Antarctica. The Benguela Current, on the other hand, is an <a href="/wiki/Upwelling" title="Upwelling">upwelling</a> current which brings cold, mineral-rich water from the depths of the Atlantic Ocean to the surface along the west coast of southern Africa. Having reached the surface it flows northwards as a result of the prevailing wind and <a href="/wiki/Coriolis_effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Coriolis effect">Coriolis forces</a>. The Benguela Current, therefore, effectively starts at Cape Point, and flows northwards from there,<sup id="cite_ref-Branch_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Branch-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tyson_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tyson-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although further out to sea it is joined by surface water that has crossed the South Atlantic from South America as part of the <a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_Gyre" title="South Atlantic Gyre">South Atlantic Gyre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tyson_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tyson-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus the Benguela and Agulhas currents do not strictly "meet" anywhere, although eddies from the Agulhas current do from time to time round the Cape to join the Benguela Current.<sup id="cite_ref-Branch_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Branch-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tyson_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tyson-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tidal range is moderate, with about 1.8 to 1.9 m range at spring tide on both sides of the peninsula, and tidal currents are negligible.<sup id="cite_ref-Kock_et_al_2022_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kock_et_al_2022-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bathymetry">Bathymetry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bathymetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:False_Bay_Bathymetry_from_Council_for_Geoscience.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/False_Bay_Bathymetry_from_Council_for_Geoscience.png/220px-False_Bay_Bathymetry_from_Council_for_Geoscience.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/False_Bay_Bathymetry_from_Council_for_Geoscience.png/330px-False_Bay_Bathymetry_from_Council_for_Geoscience.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/False_Bay_Bathymetry_from_Council_for_Geoscience.png/440px-False_Bay_Bathymetry_from_Council_for_Geoscience.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="821" /></a><figcaption>Bathymetry of False Bay and the Cape Peninsula</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/False_Bay#Bathymetry" title="False Bay">False Bay § Bathymetry</a></div> <p>The Bathymetry of False Bay differs in character from the west side of the Cape Peninsula. The west coast seabed tends to slope down more steeply than in False Bay, and although the close inshore waters are also shallow, the 100 m contour is mostly within about 10 km of the west coast, while the entire False Bay is shallower than about 80 m.<sup id="cite_ref-GARMAP_4-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bottom of False Bay slopes down relatively gradually from the gently sloping beaches of the north shore to the mouth, and is fairly even in depth from east to west except close to the shorelines.<sup id="cite_ref-Pfaff_et_al_2019_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pfaff_et_al_2019-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Climate" title="Cape Town">Cape Town § Climate</a></div> <p>Much of the Western Cape has a Mediterranean climate type, with warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. The winter rain is a consequence of frontal depressions developed from the circumpolar westerlies, which occur at least once per week in normal mid-winter from June to August. The summer climate is controlled by the South Atlantic High, which produces south-easterly winds, which blow offshore over the west coast. Much of the roughly 25% of the peninsula's rain that falls during the summer months of October to March is associated with post-frontal conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a large variation in rainfall over the peninsula. Maclear's beacon at the top of Table mountain in the north has an average of 2270 mm per year, while Cape Point gets about 402 mm per year. 1 </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Annual Rainfall<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Region</th> <th>Average annual rainfall </th></tr> <tr> <td>Table Mountain</td> <td>1000–2000 mm </td></tr> <tr> <td>City bowl</td> <td>600–800 mm </td></tr> <tr> <td>Southern suburbs</td> <td>1000–1500 mm </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cape Flats</td> <td>500–600 mm </td></tr> <tr> <td>Southern peninsula</td> <td>400–700 mm </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Rainfall variations are affected by altitude and aspect, and by topographical features that direct and trap rain-bearing wind. Rain from southeasterly wind clouds is substantial at higher elevations. Snowfall is unusual, restricted to Table Mountain, and melts within a day or two.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Variations in temperature are not great due to the moderating effect of the adjacent sea, the narrow land mass, and fairly low maximum altitudes of the mountains. Annual mean temperature at sea level in the north facing areas of the north peninsula are around 22 °C. and about 16 °C on the mountain top. Elsewhere, averages range between 18 and 20 °C. The range of mean maximum to mean minimum temperatures at any give place is small, ranging from 10 °C on table Mountain to 6 °C at Cape Point. Frost is unusual and not severe, even on the mountains, and is unknown at the coastline.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Winds over the peninsula can be strong. In winter, the northwesterly wind often exceeds gale force, with mean wind speeds of 20kph over the Cape Flats and 30kph at Cape Point. In summer the southeasterly and southwesterly winds may blow at gale force for over a week uninterrupted, but there are locally sheltered areas where the wind is much lighter which vary depending on wind direction.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Cape_Town" title="Biodiversity of Cape Town">Biodiversity of Cape Town</a></div> <p>The peninsula is highly topographically varied, and has a wide range of annual rainfall variation over a small area, and a large diversity of nutrient poor soils, and consequently supports a wide range of habitats and ecological communities.<sup id="cite_ref-Macdonald_and_Simmons_1996_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Macdonald_and_Simmons_1996-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The peninsula lies within the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Floristic_Region" title="Cape Floristic Region">Cape Floristic Region</a> of South Africa. It is the home of some 2285 plant species and is a global hot-spot of diversity for plants and invertebrates. Vegetation is dominated by about 12 types of fire-prone <a href="/wiki/Fynbos" title="Fynbos">fynbos</a> shrubland. Invertebeate community structure is poorly understood, and vertebrate communities are thought to be strongly influenced by recurring fire and nutrient limitations, so most vertebrates are small and population densities are low.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park</a>, previously known as the Cape Peninsula National Park, was proclaimed on 29 May 1998, for the purpose of protecting the natural environment of the Table Mountain Chain, and in particular the rare <a href="/wiki/Fynbos" title="Fynbos">fynbos</a> vegetation. The park comprises a large part of the undeveloped area of the Cape Peninsula, and is managed by <a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Parks" title="South African National Parks">South African National Parks Board</a>. The coastal waters surrounding the Cape Peninsula were proclaimed as a marine protected area in 2004, include several no-take zones, and are part of the national park. The waters of this marine protected area are unusual in that they are parts of two fairly distinct coastal <a href="/wiki/Marine_ecoregions_of_the_South_African_exclusive_economic_zone" title="Marine ecoregions of the South African exclusive economic zone">marine ecoregions</a>, namely the <a href="/wiki/Marine_ecoregions_of_the_South_African_exclusive_economic_zone#South_coast" title="Marine ecoregions of the South African exclusive economic zone">Agulhas ecoregion</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Marine_ecoregions_of_the_South_African_exclusive_economic_zone#West_coast" title="Marine ecoregions of the South African exclusive economic zone">Benguela ecoregion</a>. The boundary is at Cape Point.<sup id="cite_ref-NBA_2011_vol_4_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBA_2011_vol_4-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora">Flora</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Flora"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cape_Floristic_Region" title="Cape Floristic Region">Cape Floristic Region</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos_-_Table_Mountain_Cape_Town_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos_-_Table_Mountain_Cape_Town_4.jpg/220px-Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos_-_Table_Mountain_Cape_Town_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos_-_Table_Mountain_Cape_Town_4.jpg/330px-Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos_-_Table_Mountain_Cape_Town_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos_-_Table_Mountain_Cape_Town_4.jpg/440px-Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos_-_Table_Mountain_Cape_Town_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Protea_cynaroides" title="Protea cynaroides">king protea</a> growing in <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos" title="Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos">Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos</a> on Table Mountain</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:4_Silvertrees_on_Lions_Head_-_Cape_Town.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/4_Silvertrees_on_Lions_Head_-_Cape_Town.JPG/220px-4_Silvertrees_on_Lions_Head_-_Cape_Town.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/4_Silvertrees_on_Lions_Head_-_Cape_Town.JPG/330px-4_Silvertrees_on_Lions_Head_-_Cape_Town.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/4_Silvertrees_on_Lions_Head_-_Cape_Town.JPG/440px-4_Silvertrees_on_Lions_Head_-_Cape_Town.JPG 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="946" /></a><figcaption>Silver trees (<i><a href="/wiki/Leucadendron_argenteum" title="Leucadendron argenteum">Leucadendron argenteum</a></i>) only occur naturally on the granite and clay soils of the Cape Peninsula, surrounding Table Mountain and the Back Table.<sup id="cite_ref-Protea_atlas_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Protea_atlas-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-manning3_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few tiny patches, possibly planted there by early European settlers, occur near Stellenbosch, Paarl and Somerset West.<sup id="cite_ref-manning3_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This photo was taken on Lion's Head, looking towards the Twelve Apostles.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RedDisa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/RedDisa.jpg/220px-RedDisa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/RedDisa.jpg/330px-RedDisa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/RedDisa.jpg/440px-RedDisa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>The <i><a href="/wiki/Disa_uniflora" title="Disa uniflora">Disa uniflora</a></i>, also known as the <i>Pride of Table Mountain</i> is a showy orchid that blooms under waterfalls, along streamlets and seeps on the top and upper slopes of Table Mountain and the Back Table, in January–March.<sup id="cite_ref-terry_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-terry-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:5_Indigenous_Afrotemperate_Forest_on_Devils_Peak_-_Cape_Town.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/5_Indigenous_Afrotemperate_Forest_on_Devils_Peak_-_Cape_Town.JPG/220px-5_Indigenous_Afrotemperate_Forest_on_Devils_Peak_-_Cape_Town.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/5_Indigenous_Afrotemperate_Forest_on_Devils_Peak_-_Cape_Town.JPG/330px-5_Indigenous_Afrotemperate_Forest_on_Devils_Peak_-_Cape_Town.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/5_Indigenous_Afrotemperate_Forest_on_Devils_Peak_-_Cape_Town.JPG/440px-5_Indigenous_Afrotemperate_Forest_on_Devils_Peak_-_Cape_Town.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2378" data-file-height="2933" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Southern_Afrotemperate_Forest" title="Southern Afrotemperate Forest">Indigenous forest</a> on Table Mountain, with <a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a> visible in the distance</figcaption></figure> <p>The Cape Peninsula has an unusually rich biodiversity. Its vegetation consists predominantly of several different types of the unique and rich Cape <a href="/wiki/Fynbos" title="Fynbos">Fynbos</a>. The main vegetation type is endangered <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos" title="Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos">Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos</a>, but <a href="/wiki/Critically_endangered" class="mw-redirect" title="Critically endangered">critically endangered</a> <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Granite_Fynbos" title="Peninsula Granite Fynbos">Peninsula Granite Fynbos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Shale_Renosterveld" title="Peninsula Shale Renosterveld">Peninsula Shale Renosterveld</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afromontane" title="Afromontane">Afromontane forest</a> occur in smaller portions on the mountain ranges of the Peninsula. On the sandy Cape Flats lowlands there are a few pockets of protected <a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats_Sand_Fynbos" title="Cape Flats Sand Fynbos">Cape Flats Sand Fynbos</a>. </p><p>The Peninsula's vegetation types form part of the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Floral_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Floral Region">Cape Floral Region</a> protected areas. These protected areas are a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>, and an estimated 2,200 species of plants are confined to Table Mountain range - which are at least as many as occur in the whole of the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-manning1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-maytham_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maytham-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these species, including a great many types of <a href="/wiki/Protea" title="Protea">proteas</a>, are endemic to these mountains and can be found nowhere else. The <a href="/wiki/Disa_uniflora" title="Disa uniflora">Disa uniflora</a>, despite its restricted range within the <a href="/wiki/Western_Cape" title="Western Cape">Western Cape</a>, is relatively common in the perennially wet areas (waterfalls, streamlets and seeps) on Table Mountain and the Back Table, but hardly anywhere else on the Cape Peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-terry_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-terry-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-manning2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a very showy orchid that blooms from January to March on the <a href="#Geology">Table Mountain Sandstone regions of the mountain</a>. Although they are quite widespread on the Back Table, the best (most certain, and close-up) place to view these beautiful blooms is in the "Aqueduct" off the Smuts Track, halfway between Skeleton Gorge and <a href="/wiki/Maclear%27s_Beacon" title="Maclear's Beacon">Maclear's Beacon</a>. </p><p>Remnant patches of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Afrotemperate_Forest" title="Southern Afrotemperate Forest">indigenous forest</a> persist in the wetter ravines. However, much of the indigenous forest was felled by the early European settlers for fuel for the lime kilns needed during the construction of <a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Good_Hope" title="Castle of Good Hope">the Castle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dan_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dan-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exact extent of the original forests is unknown, though most of it was probably along the eastern slopes of <a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a>, Table Mountain and the Back Table where names such as Rondebosch, Kirstenbosch, Klaassenbosch and Witteboomen survive (in Dutch "bosch" means forest; and "boomen" means trees) . Hout Bay (in Dutch "hout" means wood) was another source of timber and fuel as the name suggests.<sup id="cite_ref-Dan_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dan-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 1900s commercial pine plantations were planted on these slopes all the way from the Constantiaberg to the front of Devil's Peak, and even on top of the mountains, but these have now been largely cleared allowing fynbos to flourish in the regions where the indigenous Afromontane forests have not survived, or never existed. </p><p>Fynbos is a fire adapted vegetation, and evidence suggests that in the absence of regular fires all but the drier fynbos would become dominated by trees.<sup id="cite_ref-manning1_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pauw_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pauw-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regular fires have dominated fynbos for at least the past 12 000 years largely as a result of human activity.<sup id="cite_ref-maytham_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maytham-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kraaij_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kraaij-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1495 <a href="/wiki/Vasco_da_Gama" title="Vasco da Gama">Vasco da Gama</a> named the South African coastline <i>Terra de Fume</i> because of the smoke he saw from numerous fires.<sup id="cite_ref-pauw_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pauw-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was originally probably to maintain a productive stock of edible bulbs (especially <a href="/wiki/Watsonia_(plant)" title="Watsonia (plant)">watsonians</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-pauw_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pauw-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to facilitate hunting, and later, after the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Khoikhoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Khoikhoi">pastoralists</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Saunders_and_Bundy_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saunders_and_Bundy-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to provide fresh grazing after the rains.<sup id="cite_ref-pauw_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pauw-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kraaij_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kraaij-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus the plants that make up fynbos today are those that have been subjected to a variety of fire regimes over a very long period, and their preservation now requires regular burning. The frequency of the fires obviously determines precisely which mix of plants will dominate any particular region,<sup id="cite_ref-Mary_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mary-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but intervals of 10–15 years between fires<sup id="cite_ref-manning1_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are considered to promote the proliferation of the larger <a href="/wiki/Protea" title="Protea">Protea</a> species, a rare local colony of which, the <i>Aulax umbellata</i> (Family: <a href="/wiki/Proteaceae" title="Proteaceae">Proteaceae</a>), was wiped out on the Peninsula by more frequent fires,<sup id="cite_ref-Mary_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mary-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as have been the silky-haired pincushion, <i><a href="/wiki/Leucospermum_vestitum" title="Leucospermum vestitum">Leucospermum vestitum</a></i>, the red sugarbush, <i><a href="/wiki/Protea_grandiceps" title="Protea grandiceps">Protea grandiceps</a></i> and Burchell's sugarbush, <i><a href="/wiki/Protea_burchellii" title="Protea burchellii">Protea burchellii</a></i>, although a stand of a dozen or so plants has recently been "rediscovered" in the saddle between Table Mountain and <a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pauw_27-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pauw-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some bulbs may similarly have become extinct as a result of a too rapid sequence of fires.<sup id="cite_ref-Mary_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mary-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fires that occur on the mountains today are still largely due to unregulated human activity. Fire frequency is therefore a matter of chance rather than conservation. </p><p>Despite intensive conservation efforts the Table Mountain range has the highest concentration of <a href="/wiki/Threatened_species" title="Threatened species">threatened species</a> of any continental area of equivalent size in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-manning1_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hannah_et_al_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hannah_et_al-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The non-urban areas of the Cape Peninsula (mainly on the mountains and mountain slopes) have suffered particularly under a massive onslaught of <a href="/wiki/Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">invasive alien plants</a> for well over a century, with perhaps the worst invader being the <a href="/wiki/Maritime_pine" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime pine">cluster pine</a>, partly because it was planted in extensive commercial plantations along the eastern slopes of the mountains, north of Muizenberg. Considerable efforts have been made to control the rapid spread of these invasive alien trees. Other invasive plants include <a href="/wiki/Black_wattle" title="Black wattle">black wattle</a>, blackwood, <a href="/wiki/Acacia_saligna" title="Acacia saligna">Port Jackson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rooikrans" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooikrans">rooikrans</a> (All Australian members of the acacia family), as well as several <i><a href="/wiki/Hakea" title="Hakea">Hakea</a></i> species and <a href="/wiki/Bramble" class="mw-redirect" title="Bramble">bramble</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-manning1_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-manning1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mary_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mary-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brochure_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brochure-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dassie_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Dassie_2.jpg/220px-Dassie_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Dassie_2.jpg/330px-Dassie_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Dassie_2.jpg/440px-Dassie_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2355" data-file-height="1662" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rock_hyrax" title="Rock hyrax">Cape hyrax</a> or "dassie" as it is known in South Africa. It is the <a href="/wiki/Verreaux%27s_eagle" title="Verreaux's eagle">Verreaux's eagle</a>'s favourite and almost exclusive prey on the Cape Peninsula.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Floral_diversity">Floral diversity</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Floral diversity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The flora is typical of the southwestern Cape Floristic Region. The five largest families are <a href="/wiki/Asteraceae" title="Asteraceae">Asteraceae</a> (286 spp. of which 47 are in <i><a href="/wiki/Senecio" title="Senecio">Senecio</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Iridaceae" title="Iridaceae">Iridaceae</a> (168 spp.), <a href="/wiki/Fabaceae" title="Fabaceae">Fabaceae</a> (162 spp. of which 55 are in <i><a href="/wiki/Aspalathus" title="Aspalathus">Aspalathus</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Poaceae" title="Poaceae">Poaceae</a> (141 spp.), and <a href="/wiki/Ericaceae" title="Ericaceae">Ericaceae</a> (112 spp. of which 103 are in <i><a href="/wiki/Erica_(plant)" title="Erica (plant)">Erica</a></i>). There are also 38 spp. in <i><a href="/wiki/Oxalis" title="Oxalis">Oxalis</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Oxalidaceae" title="Oxalidaceae">Oxalidaceae</a>), and 37 spp. in <i><a href="/wiki/Ficinia" title="Ficinia">Ficinia</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Cyperaceae" title="Cyperaceae">Cyperaceae</a>). The flora includes species typical of the strictly winter rainfall area of the Western Cape, but also species with a range extending into areas where more rain falls in summer.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vegetation_types">Vegetation types</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Vegetation types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three major plant formations are present on the peninsula: Cape Fynbos Shrublands, Renosterveld Shrublands and associated grasslands, and Forest and Thicket. Fynbos has the largest coverage, historically about 92% of the area, and hosts the majority of species. It is a fire-prone sclerophyllous shrubland with a high cover of restiods. Renosterveld is also a fire-prone scrubland, but with restioids replaced by grasses, without proteoid shrubs, and with the shrub component dominated by ericoid shrubs. The third formation is Forest and thicket, which is characterised by broad-leafed, <a href="/wiki/Afromontane" title="Afromontane">Afromontane</a> evergreen trees and shrubs, and is not fire-prone. It grows in a variety of habitats, mostly in moist, relatively fertile soils that are protected from fire. Species diversity is relatively low.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <p>Fynbos: </p> <ul><li>Dune asteraceous fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Coastal scree asteraceous fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ericaceous fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mesic mesotrophic proteoid fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Wet mesotrophic proteoid fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mesic oligotrophic proteoid fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Wet oligotrophic proteoid fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sandplain proteoid fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Upland restioid fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Wet restioid fynbos<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Undifferentiated cliff communities<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Other: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renosterveld" title="Renosterveld">Renosterveld</a> and grassland<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Wetland<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Vleis<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Forest and thicket<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna">Fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_marine_animals_of_the_Cape_Peninsula_and_False_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="List of marine animals of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay">List of marine animals of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park</a></div> <p>The most common mammal on the mountain was the <i><a href="/wiki/Dassie" class="mw-redirect" title="Dassie">dassie</a></i> (the South African name, from <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a>, pronounced "dussy"), or <a href="/wiki/Rock_hyrax" title="Rock hyrax">rock hyrax</a>. Between about 2000 and 2004 (no one is certain about the exact year or years) their numbers suddenly plummeted for unknown reasons. They used to cluster around the restaurant at the upper cable station, near areas where tourists discarded or (inadvisably supplied) food. The population crash of the dassies was in all probability responsible for the decline in the <a href="/wiki/Verreaux%27s_eagle" title="Verreaux's eagle">Verreaux's eagle</a> population on the Peninsula, which is believed to have consisted of 3 breeding pairs during the period 1950 to 1990, with only 2 pairs, maximally, ever having been reported to fledge a chick each in any given year.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the commencement of formal monitoring in 1993, two breeding pairs were recorded on the Cape Peninsula Mountain Chain in 2004: one below the upper cable station at the western end of Table Mountain, in Blinkwater Ravine, the other on the cliffs below Noordhoek Peak.<sup id="cite_ref-Jenkins_et_al_2005_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenkins_et_al_2005-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nest near the cable station was abandoned in 2006, leaving only the Noordhoek pair, which continued to fledge chicks reasonably regularly till 2013, at which point one member of the pair disappeared. From 2013 till January 2017 only a single Verreaux's Eagle, presumed to be a female, remained on the Peninsula. She continued to maintain the nest under Noordhoek Peak, but seemed unable to attract a mate. But in early 2017 a pair of eagles was seen by at least 7 independent observers during the course of 10 days (27 January - 5 February). It remains to be seen whether they will breed later in the year. Dassies are an important part the Verreaux's eagle's prey on the Peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-hockey_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hockey-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Table Mountain is also home to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Porcupine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Porcupine">porcupines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">mongooses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lizard" title="Lizard">lizards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoises</a>, and a rare endemic species of <a href="/wiki/Amphibian" title="Amphibian">amphibian</a> that is only found on Table Mountain, the <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_ghost_frog" class="mw-redirect" title="Table Mountain ghost frog">Table Mountain ghost frog</a>. The last <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a> in the area was shot circa 1802. <a href="/wiki/Leopard" title="Leopard">Leopards</a> persisted on the mountains until perhaps the 1920s but are now extinct locally. Two smaller, secretive, nocturnal carnivores, the <i>rooikat</i> (<a href="/wiki/Caracal" title="Caracal">caracal</a>) and the <i>vaalboskat</i> (also called the vaalkat or <a href="/wiki/Southern_African_wildcat" title="Southern African wildcat">Southern African wildcat</a>) were once common in the mountains and the mountain slopes. The rooikat continues to be seen on rare occasions by mountaineers but the status of the vaalboskat is uncertain. The mountain cliffs are home to several raptors species, apart from the Verreaux's eagle. They include the <a href="/wiki/Jackal_buzzard" title="Jackal buzzard">jackal buzzard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Booted_eagle" title="Booted eagle">booted eagle</a> (in summer), <a href="/wiki/African_harrier-hawk" title="African harrier-hawk">African harrier-hawk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peregrine_falcon" title="Peregrine falcon">peregrine falcon</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Rock_kestrel" title="Rock kestrel">rock kestrel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hockey_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hockey-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jenkins_et_al_2002_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenkins_et_al_2002-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014 three pairs of <a href="/wiki/African_fish_eagles" class="mw-redirect" title="African fish eagles">African fish eagles</a> were believed to be breeding on the Peninsula, but they nest in trees generally as far away from human habitation as is possible on the Peninsula. Their number in 2017 is unknown. </p><p>Up until the late 1990s <a href="/wiki/Chacma_baboon" title="Chacma baboon">baboons</a> occurred on all the mountains of the Peninsula, including the Back Table immediately behind Table Mountain. Since then they have abandoned Table Mountain and the Back Table, and only occur on the Constantiaberg, and the mountains to the south. They have also abandoned the tops of many of the mountains, in favour of the lower slopes, particularly when these were covered in pine plantations which seemed to provide them with more, or higher quality food than the <a href="/wiki/Fynbos" title="Fynbos">fynbos</a> on the mountain tops. However these new haunts are also within easy reach of Cape Town's suburbs, which brings them into conflict with humans and dogs, and the risk of traffic accidents. In 2014 there were a dozen troops on the Peninsula, varying in size from 7 to over 100 individuals, scattered on the mountains from the Constantiaberg to Cape Point.<sup id="cite_ref-baboonsonline_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baboonsonline-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-baboon_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baboon-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The baboon troops are the subject of intense research into their movements (both of individuals and of the troops), their physiology, genetics, social interactions and habits. In addition, their sleeping sites are noted each evening, so that monitors armed with paint ball guns can stay with the troop all day, to ward them off from wandering into the suburbs. From when this initiative was started in 2009 the number of baboons on the Peninsula has increased from 350 to 450, and the number of baboons killed or injured by residents has decreased.<sup id="cite_ref-baboon_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baboon-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rau_Quagga_on_Devils_Peak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Rau_Quagga_on_Devils_Peak.jpg/220px-Rau_Quagga_on_Devils_Peak.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Rau_Quagga_on_Devils_Peak.jpg/330px-Rau_Quagga_on_Devils_Peak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Rau_Quagga_on_Devils_Peak.jpg/440px-Rau_Quagga_on_Devils_Peak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="904" /></a><figcaption>Rau quagga in the animal camp on the slopes of <a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a>, above Groote Schuur Hospital.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_tahr" title="Himalayan tahr">Himalayan tahrs</a>, fugitive descendants of tahrs that escaped from <a href="/wiki/Groote_Schuur_Zoo" title="Groote Schuur Zoo">Groote Schuur Zoo</a> near the University of Cape Town, in 1936, used to be common on the less accessible upper parts of the mountain. As an exotic species, they were almost eradicated through a culling programme initiated by the <a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Parks" title="South African National Parks">South African National Parks</a> to make way for the reintroduction of indigenous <a href="/wiki/Klipspringer" title="Klipspringer">klipspringers</a>. Until recently there were also small numbers of <a href="/wiki/Fallow_deer" title="Fallow deer">fallow deer</a> of European origin and <a href="/wiki/Sambar_deer" title="Sambar deer">sambar deer</a> from southeast Asia. These were mainly in the <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Memorial" title="Rhodes Memorial">Rhodes Memorial</a> area but during the 1960s they could be found as far afield as Signal Hill. These animals may still be seen occasionally despite efforts to eliminate or relocate them. </p><p>On the lower slopes of <a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a>, above <a href="/wiki/Groote_Schuur_Hospital" title="Groote Schuur Hospital">Groote Schuur Hospital</a>, an animal camp bequeathed to the City of Cape Town by <a href="/wiki/Cecil_John_Rhodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cecil John Rhodes">Cecil John Rhodes</a> has been used in recent years as part of the <a href="/wiki/Quagga_Project" title="Quagga Project">Quagga Project</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Quagga_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quagga-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Quagga" title="Quagga">quaggas</a> used to roam the Cape Peninsula, the <a href="/wiki/Karoo" title="Karoo">Karoo</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Free_State_(province)" title="Free State (province)">Free State</a> in large numbers, but were hunted to extinction during the early 1800s. The last quagga died in an Amsterdam zoo in 1883. In 1987 a project was launched by <a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Rau" title="Reinhold Rau">Reinhold Rau</a> to <a href="/wiki/Back-breeding" class="mw-redirect" title="Back-breeding">back-breed</a> the quagga, after it had been established, using <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a> obtained from museum specimens, that the quagga was closely related to the <a href="/wiki/Plains_zebra" title="Plains zebra">plains zebra</a>, and on 20 January 2005 a foal considered to be the first quagga-like individual because of a visible reduced striping was born. These quagga-like zebras are officially known as Rau quaggas, as no one can be certain that they are anything more than quagga look-alikes. The animal camp above Groote Schuur Hospital has several good looking Rau quaggas, but they are unfortunately not easily seen except from within the game camp, which is quite large and undulating, and the animals are few. The animal camp is not open to the public. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_impact">Human impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Human impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nutritionally impoverished soils of the Cape Peninsula limited pre-colonial animal numbers, and thereby also the density of human settlement it could support, but there has been hunter-gatherer human occupation going back more than 200,000 years, The early San occupants used 'firestick farming' to manage the natural vegetation for game and geophytes. These long term practices are thought to have influenced the development of fynbos in areas where thickets would likely be the dominant vegetation community, and encouraged greater floral biodiversity. About 2000 years ago the San were displaced by Khoikhoi who were mainly nomadic pastoralists who kept fairly large numbers of sheep and cattle at lowland sites in the central and northern peninsula during the dry season.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Colonisation by the Dutch had an immediate transformative effect on the lower altitude ecosystems of the northern peninsula when agriculture was introduced, and rapidly expanded between Table Bay and Wynberg. The forests of the lower slopes and flats of the eastern side of Table Mountain and the Hout Bay valley were soon depleted. Alien replacements, largely oaks and pines, were introduced from Holland to replace the natural forests, since about 1655. Dutch expansion into the south peninsula was slow, partly due to difficult access, but was encouraged by the use of Simon's Bay as a winter anchorage from 1743, as Table Bay is exposed to the north-westerly storms, which drove many ships aground. Farms in this area granted to 'free burghers' were largely used for hunting and limited market gardening. The expanding colony and a smallpox epidemic led to the social and economic collapse of the Khoikhoi by 1713<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Liberalisation of trade following the second British capture of the Cape Colony in 1806 led to rapid growth of the population of the peninsula. By this time the population of the greater Cape Town area reached about 22,000 settlers, 25,000 slaves and remaining Khoikhoi. The arrival of the <a href="/wiki/1820_Settlers" title="1820 Settlers">1820 Settlers</a> increased the population of European descent to about 47,000. The British made Simon's Town an official naval base, and this encouraged the growth of transport and other infrastructure in the area. Simon's Town flourished during the Anglo-Boer wars, and the two world wars, but agriculture in the peninsula remained limited by terrain and soils. Most of the produce supplied to the visiting ships came from the Cape Flats and beyond.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Extensive plantations of fast growing alien trees were established during the mid to late 19th century on the slopes of the central Peninsula and Table Mountain (mostly pines and eucalypts), and on the sands of the Cape Flats (mostly Australian acacias). These lead to alien plant invasions which threaten the remaining natural ecosystems of the peninsula. Urban areas also expanded along the eastern slopes of Table Mountain, and later along the smaller wastern slopes, into the Cape Flats, and along the east coast of the south peninsula from Muizenberg to Simon's Town.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cape Town grew rapidly during the 20th century: By the 1960s the population reached half a million, In the late 1980s discriminatory legislation was relaxed and a large influx of rural people moved in and started informal settlements on open ground. By 1994 it had increased to 2.2 million,<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by 2020 it was over 4 million. This rapid growth increased pressures on the natural ecosystems, particularly where land supporting natural ecosystems was occupied. </p><p>In 1996 about 37% of the region was in use for agriculture and urbanization and 44% of the remaining area of natural vegetation had been invaded by alien plants. However, about 64% of the peninsula was within the Cape Peninsula Protected Natural Environment which includes three major nature reserves, and which was later proclaimed as the Table Mountain National Park.<sup id="cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In 2011-2012 dassies began to be seen in <a href="/wiki/Bakoven" title="Bakoven">Bakoven</a>, on the Atlantic coast, below the Twelve Apostles Mountains. They were then seen in the <a href="/wiki/Silvermine_Nature_Reserve" title="Silvermine Nature Reserve">Silvermine</a> region of the <a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park</a>, and in 2015 at the restaurant on the top of the western end of Table Mountain, as well as elsewhere in the mountains. But even in 2017 dassies are still not as abundant as they were on the Peninsula Mountain Chain in the 1990s.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Peninsula&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Map_3318-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Map_3318_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Map_3318_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation map cs1"><i>1:250,000 Geological Series map 3318:Cape Town</i> (Map). Pretoria: Government Printer. 1990.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1%3A250%2C000+Geological+Series+map+3318%3ACape+Town&rft.place=Pretoria&rft.pub=Government+Printer&rft.date=1990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-compton-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-compton_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compton_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compton_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compton_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCompton2004" class="citation book cs1">Compton, John S. (2004). <i>The Rocks & Mountains of Cape Town</i>. Cape Town: Double Story. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-919930-70-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-919930-70-1"><bdi>978-1-919930-70-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rocks+%26+Mountains+of+Cape+Town&rft.place=Cape+Town&rft.pub=Double+Story&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-919930-70-1&rft.aulast=Compton&rft.aufirst=John+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cowling_et_al_1996-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cowling_et_al_1996_3-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCowlingMacdonaldSimmons1996" class="citation journal cs1">Cowling, R.M.; Macdonald, Ian A. W.; Simmons, Mark (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226216492">"The Cape Peninsula, South Africa: Physiographical, biological and historical background to an extraordinary hot-spot of biodiversity"</a>. <i>Biodiversity and Conservation</i>. <b>5</b> (5): 527–550. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996BiCon...5..527C">1996BiCon...5..527C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00137608">10.1007/BF00137608</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:23314811">23314811</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.atitle=The+Cape+Peninsula%2C+South+Africa%3A+Physiographical%2C+biological+and+historical+background+to+an+extraordinary+hot-spot+of+biodiversity&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=527-550&rft.date=1996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A23314811%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00137608&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1996BiCon...5..527C&rft.aulast=Cowling&rft.aufirst=R.M.&rft.au=Macdonald%2C+Ian+A.+W.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F226216492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GARMAP-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GARMAP_4-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a 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London: Secker & Warburg. p. 429. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0436206323" title="Special:BookSources/0436206323"><bdi>0436206323</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islands&rft.place=London&rft.pages=429&rft.pub=Secker+%26+Warburg&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0436206323&rft.aulast=Sleigh&rft.aufirst=Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pauw-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pauw_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pauw_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pauw_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pauw_27-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pauw_27-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPauwJohnson1999" class="citation book cs1">Pauw, Anton; Johnson, Steven (1999). "The Power of Fire". <i>in: Table Mountain</i>. Vlaeberg, South Africa: Fernwood Press. pp. 37–53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-874950-43-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-874950-43-1"><bdi>1-874950-43-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Power+of+Fire&rft.btitle=in%3A+Table+Mountain&rft.place=Vlaeberg%2C+South+Africa&rft.pages=37-53&rft.pub=Fernwood+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-874950-43-1&rft.aulast=Pauw&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kraaij-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kraaij_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kraaij_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKraaijvan_Wilgen2014" class="citation book cs1">Kraaij, Tineke; van Wilgen, Brian W. (2014). "Drivers, ecology, and management of fynbos fires.". In Allsopp, Nicky; Colville, Jonathan F.; Verboom, G. Anthony (eds.). <i>Fynbos, Ecology, Evolution and Conservation of a Megadiverse Region</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199679584" title="Special:BookSources/9780199679584"><bdi>9780199679584</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Drivers%2C+ecology%2C+and+management+of+fynbos+fires.&rft.btitle=Fynbos%2C+Ecology%2C+Evolution+and+Conservation+of+a+Megadiverse+Region&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780199679584&rft.aulast=Kraaij&rft.aufirst=Tineke&rft.au=van+Wilgen%2C+Brian+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saunders_and_Bundy-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_and_Bundy_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaundersBundy1992" class="citation book cs1">Saunders, Christopher; Bundy, Colin, eds. (1992). "A way of life perfected". <i>Reader's Digest Illustrated History of South Africa</i>. Cape Town: Reader's Digest Association Ltd. pp. 20–25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-947008-90-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-947008-90-X"><bdi>0-947008-90-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+way+of+life+perfected&rft.btitle=Reader%27s+Digest+Illustrated+History+of+South+Africa&rft.place=Cape+Town&rft.pages=20-25&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest+Association+Ltd&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-947008-90-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mary-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mary_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mary_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mary_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mary_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaytham_Kid1983" class="citation book cs1">Maytham Kid, Mary (1983). "Introduction". <i>In: Cape Peninsula. South African Wild Flower Guide 3</i>. Kirstenbosch, Claremont: Botanical Society of South Africa. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0620067454" title="Special:BookSources/0620067454"><bdi>0620067454</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=In%3A+Cape+Peninsula.+South+African+Wild+Flower+Guide+3&rft.place=Kirstenbosch%2C+Claremont&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Botanical+Society+of+South+Africa&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0620067454&rft.aulast=Maytham+Kid&rft.aufirst=Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hannah_et_al-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hannah_et_al_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannahMidgleyHughesBomhard2005" class="citation journal cs1">Hannah, Lee; Midgley, Guy; Hughes, Greg; Bomhard, Bastian (March 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130825180525/http://perceval.bio.nau.edu/downloads/grail/climate_seminar/section2/Hannah_etal05.pdf">"The View from the Cape: Extinction Risk, Protected Areas, and Climate Change"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>BioScience</i>. <b>55</b> (3): 231. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1641%2F0006-3568%282005%29055%5B0231%3ATVFTCE%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0231:TVFTCE]2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14298619">14298619</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perceval.bio.nau.edu/downloads/grail/climate_seminar/section2/Hannah_etal05.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioScience&rft.atitle=The+View+from+the+Cape%3A+Extinction+Risk%2C+Protected+Areas%2C+and+Climate+Change&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=231&rft.date=2005-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1641%2F0006-3568%282005%29055%5B0231%3ATVFTCE%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A14298619%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Hannah&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft.au=Midgley%2C+Guy&rft.au=Hughes%2C+Greg&rft.au=Bomhard%2C+Bastian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fperceval.bio.nau.edu%2Fdownloads%2Fgrail%2Fclimate_seminar%2Fsection2%2FHannah_etal05.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brochure-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brochure_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121223125053/http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Pages/Brochuresbooklets.aspx">"Brochures, booklets and posters"</a>. Capetown.gov.za. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Pages/BrochuresBooklets.aspx">the original</a> on 23 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brochures%2C+booklets+and+posters&rft.pub=Capetown.gov.za&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capetown.gov.za%2Fen%2FEnvironmentalResourceManagement%2Fpublications%2FPages%2FBrochuresBooklets.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Information gleaned from reports in the Cape Bird Club's newsletters from the 1950s onwards</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jenkins_et_al_2005-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jenkins_et_al_2005_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkinsvan_Zyl2005" class="citation journal cs1">Jenkins, A.R.; van Zyl, A.J. (2005). "Conservation status and community structure of cliff-nesting raptors and ravens on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa". <i>Ostrich</i>. <b>76</b> (3–4): 175–184. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Ostri..76..175J">2005Ostri..76..175J</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2989%2F00306520509485490">10.2989/00306520509485490</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0030-6525">0030-6525</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84239150">84239150</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ostrich&rft.atitle=Conservation+status+and+community+structure+of+cliff-nesting+raptors+and+ravens+on+the+Cape+Peninsula%2C+South+Africa&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=175-184&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2989%2F00306520509485490&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A84239150%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0030-6525&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005Ostri..76..175J&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=A.R.&rft.au=van+Zyl%2C+A.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hockey-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hockey_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hockey_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHockeyDeanRyan2005" class="citation book cs1">Hockey, P. A. R.; Dean, W. R. J.; Ryan, P. G., eds. (2005). <i>Roberts Birds of Southern Africa</i> (Seventh ed.). Cape Town: John Voelcker Bird Book Fund. pp. 531–532. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-620-34053-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-620-34053-3"><bdi>0-620-34053-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roberts+Birds+of+Southern+Africa&rft.place=Cape+Town&rft.pages=531-532&rft.edition=Seventh&rft.pub=John+Voelcker+Bird+Book+Fund&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-620-34053-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jenkins_et_al_2002-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jenkins_et_al_2002_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkinsvan_Zyl2002" class="citation journal cs1">Jenkins, Andrew; van Zyl, Anthony (2002). "Home on the range. Raptor riches of the Cape Peninsula". <i>Africa Birds & Birding</i>. <b>7</b>: 38–46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Africa+Birds+%26+Birding&rft.atitle=Home+on+the+range.+Raptor+riches+of+the+Cape+Peninsula&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=38-46&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=van+Zyl%2C+Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baboonsonline-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-baboonsonline_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140811215937/http://www.baboonsonline.org/bru/">"Who We Are"</a>. <i>www.baboonsonline.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baboonsonline.org/bru/">the original</a> on 11 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.baboonsonline.org&rft.atitle=Who+We+Are&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baboonsonline.org%2Fbru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span> Cape Peninsula Baboon Research Unit</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baboon-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-baboon_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baboon_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncc-group.co.za/case-studies/managing-baboon-human-conflict-city-cape-town">"Managing Baboon-human conflict: City of Cape Town"</a>. <i>www.ncc-group.co.za</i>. 22 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ncc-group.co.za&rft.atitle=Managing+Baboon-human+conflict%3A+City+of+Cape+Town&rft.date=2020-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncc-group.co.za%2Fcase-studies%2Fmanaging-baboon-human-conflict-city-cape-town&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quagga-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Quagga_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quaggaproject.org/">"The Quagga Project South Africa"</a>. <i>www.quaggaproject.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.quaggaproject.org&rft.atitle=The+Quagga+Project+South+Africa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quaggaproject.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACape+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cape_Peninsula" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cape Peninsula">Cape Peninsula</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Diving_the_Cape_Peninsula_and_False_Bay#Q748494" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay">Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cape_Town" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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.mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cape_Town" title="Template:Cape Town"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cape_Town" title="Template talk:Cape Town"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cape_Town" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cape Town"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cape_Town" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/City_of_Cape_Town" title="City of Cape Town">City of Cape Town</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Natural_environment" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Natural environment</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats" title="Cape Flats">Cape Flats</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cape Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Cape_Town" title="Geology of Cape Town">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helderberg" title="Helderberg">Helderberg</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantry_Bay_(Cape_Peninsula)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantry Bay (Cape Peninsula) (page does not exist)">Bantry Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camps_Bay" title="Camps Bay">Camps Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_Bay" title="False Bay">False Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon%27s_Bay" title="Gordon's Bay">Gordon's Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Granger_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Granger Bay (page does not exist)">Granger Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hout_Bay" title="Hout Bay">Hout Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon%27s_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon's Bay">Simon's Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smitswinkel_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Smitswinkel Bay">Smitswinkel Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Bay" title="Table Bay">Table Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Beaches_of_Cape_Town" title="Beaches of Cape Town">Beaches</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloubergstrand" title="Bloubergstrand">Bloubergstrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulders_Beach" title="Boulders Beach">Boulders Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camps_Bay" title="Camps Bay">Camps Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton,_Cape_Town" title="Clifton, Cape Town">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Beach" title="Glen Beach">Glen Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkbosstrand" title="Melkbosstrand">Melkbosstrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muizenberg" title="Muizenberg">Muizenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Bay,_Cape_Town" title="Sandy Bay, Cape Town">Sandy Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand,_Western_Cape" title="Strand, Western Cape">Strand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaauwberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Blaauwberg">Blaauwberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skapenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skapenberg (page does not exist)">Skapenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_Hill_(Cape_Town)" title="Signal Hill (Cape Town)">Signal Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tygerberg" title="Tygerberg">Tygerberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapman%27s_Peak" title="Chapman's Peak">Chapman's Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantiaberg" title="Constantiaberg">Constantiaberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helderberg_(mountain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helderberg (mountain)">Helderberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hottentots_Holland_Mountains" title="Hottentots Holland Mountains">Hottentots Holland Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion%27s_Head_(Cape_Town)" title="Lion's Head (Cape Town)">Lion's Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Apostles_(mountains)" title="Twelve Apostles (mountains)">Twelve Apostles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duiker_Island" title="Duiker Island">Duiker Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robben_Island" title="Robben Island">Robben Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_Island,_South_Africa" title="Seal Island, South Africa">Seal Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Headlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Point" title="Cape Point">Cape Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller%27s_Point,_Western_Cape" title="Miller's Point, Western Cape">Miller's Point</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rivers_and_wetlands_of_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rivers and wetlands of Cape Town (page does not exist)">Rivers and wetlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bokramspruit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bokramspruit (page does not exist)">Bokramspruit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buffels_River_(Cape_Peninsula)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buffels River (Cape Peninsula) (page does not exist)">Buffels River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eerste_River" title="Eerste River">Eerste River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuils_River" title="Kuils River">Kuils River</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diep_River_(Western_Cape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diep River (Western Cape) (page does not exist)">Diep River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Else_River_(Western_Cape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Else River (Western Cape) (page does not exist)">Else River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hout_Bay_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hout Bay River (page does not exist)">Hout Bay River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krom_River_(Western_Cape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krom River (Western Cape) (page does not exist)">Krom River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lourens_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Lourens River">Lourens River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modder_River_(Western_Cape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modder River (Western Cape) (page does not exist)">Modder River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_River_(Western_Cape)" title="Salt River (Western Cape)">Salt River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_River_(Cape_Town)" title="Black River (Cape Town)">Black River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsieskraal_River" title="Elsieskraal River">Elsieskraal River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liesbeek_River" title="Liesbeek River">Liesbeek River</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sand_River_(Western_Cape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sand River (Western Cape) (page does not exist)">Sand River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schusters_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schusters River (page does not exist)">Schusters River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silvermine_River_(Western_Cape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silvermine River (Western Cape) (page does not exist)">Silvermine River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Lowry%E2%80%99s_Pass_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Lowry’s Pass River (page does not exist)">Sir Lowry’s Pass River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sout_River_(Western_Cape)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sout River (Western Cape) (page does not exist)">Sout River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steenbras_River" title="Steenbras River">Steenbras River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zandvlei" class="mw-redirect" title="Zandvlei">Zandvlei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeekoevlei" title="Zeekoevlei">Zeekoevlei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Climate" title="Cape Town">Climate</a> and weather</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_water_crisis" title="Cape Town water crisis">Cape Town water crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Doctor" title="Cape Doctor">Cape Doctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berg_wind" title="Berg wind">Berg wind</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World heritage sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Floristic_Region" title="Cape Floristic Region">Cape Floristic Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robben_Island" title="Robben Island">Robben Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Cape_Town" title="Biodiversity of Cape Town">Biodiversity<br />of Cape Town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nature_reserves_in_Cape_Town" title="List of nature reserves in Cape Town">Nature reserves in Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helderberg_Marine_Protected_Area" title="Helderberg Marine Protected Area">Helderberg Marine Protected Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robben_Island_Marine_Protected_Area" title="Robben Island Marine Protected Area">Robben Island Marine Protected Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park_Marine_Protected_Area" title="Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area">Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vegetation<br />types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantis_Sand_Fynbos" title="Atlantis Sand Fynbos">Atlantis Sand Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boland_Granite_Fynbos" title="Boland Granite Fynbos">Boland Granite Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats_Dune_Strandveld" title="Cape Flats Dune Strandveld">Cape Flats Dune Strandveld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats_Sand_Fynbos" title="Cape Flats Sand Fynbos">Cape Flats Sand Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Lowland_Freshwater_Wetland" title="Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetland">Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Winelands_Shale_Fynbos" title="Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos">Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangklip_Sand_Fynbos" title="Hangklip Sand Fynbos">Hangklip Sand Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kogelberg_Sandstone_Fynbos" title="Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos">Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lourensford_Alluvium_Fynbos" title="Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos">Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Granite_Fynbos" title="Peninsula Granite Fynbos">Peninsula Granite Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Sandstone_Fynbos" title="Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos">Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Afrotemperate_Forest" title="Southern Afrotemperate Forest">Southern Afrotemperate Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Shale_Renosterveld" title="Peninsula Shale Renosterveld">Peninsula Shale Renosterveld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swartland_Alluvium_Fynbos" title="Swartland Alluvium Fynbos">Swartland Alluvium Fynbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swartland_Shale_Renosterveld" title="Swartland Shale Renosterveld">Swartland Shale Renosterveld</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parks and<br />gardens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arderne_Gardens" title="Arderne Gardens">Arderne Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company%27s_Garden" title="Company's Garden">Company's Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choo_choo_park" title="Choo choo park">Choo choo park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Waal_Park" title="De Waal Park">De Waal Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Point_Common" title="Green Point Common">Green Point Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helderberg_Nature_Reserve" title="Helderberg Nature Reserve">Helderberg Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keurboom_Park" title="Keurboom Park">Keurboom Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirstenbosch_National_Botanical_Garden" title="Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden">Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_Common" title="Rondebosch Common">Rondebosch Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_Park" title="Rondebosch Park">Rondebosch Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokai_Arboretum" title="Tokai Arboretum">Tokai Arboretum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokai_Park" title="Tokai Park">Tokai Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynberg_Park" title="Wynberg Park">Wynberg Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nature reserves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaauwberg_Conservation_Area" title="Blaauwberg Conservation Area">Blaauwberg Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bracken_Nature_Reserve" title="Bracken Nature Reserve">Bracken Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecilia,_Table_Mountain" title="Cecilia, Table Mountain">Cecilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Hel_Nature_Area" title="De Hel Nature Area">De Hel Nature Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Dent_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Dick Dent Bird Sanctuary">Dick Dent Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Oog_Conservation_Area" title="Die Oog Conservation Area">Die Oog Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diep_River_Fynbos_Corridor" title="Diep River Fynbos Corridor">Diep River Fynbos Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durbanville_Nature_Reserve" title="Durbanville Nature Reserve">Durbanville Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Stephens_Wetland_Park" title="Edith Stephens Wetland Park">Edith Stephens Wetland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glencairn_Wetland" title="Glencairn Wetland">Glencairn Wetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmony_Flats_Nature_Reserve" title="Harmony Flats Nature Reserve">Harmony Flats Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helderberg_Nature_Reserve" title="Helderberg Nature Reserve">Helderberg Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenilworth_Racecourse_Conservation_Area" title="Kenilworth Racecourse Conservation Area">Kenilworth Racecourse Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koeberg_Nature_Reserve" title="Koeberg Nature Reserve">Koeberg Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kogelberg_Nature_Reserve" title="Kogelberg Nature Reserve">Kogelberg Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lourens_River_Protected_Natural_Environment" title="Lourens River Protected Natural Environment">Lourens River Protected Natural Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Silvermine_River_Wetlands" title="Lower Silvermine River Wetlands">Lower Silvermine River Wetlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macassar_Dunes_Conservation_Area" title="Macassar Dunes Conservation Area">Macassar Dunes Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamre_Nature_Garden" title="Mamre Nature Garden">Mamre Nature Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowridge_Common" title="Meadowridge Common">Meadowridge Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnerton_Racecourse_Nature_Reserve" title="Milnerton Racecourse Nature Reserve">Milnerton Racecourse Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raapenberg_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Raapenberg Bird Sanctuary">Raapenberg Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rietvlei_Wetland_Reserve" title="Rietvlei Wetland Reserve">Rietvlei Wetland Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_Common" title="Rondebosch Common">Rondebosch Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondevlei_Nature_Reserve" title="Rondevlei Nature Reserve">Rondevlei Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silwerboomkloof_Natural_Heritage_Site" title="Silwerboomkloof Natural Heritage Site">Silwerboomkloof Natural Heritage Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tygerberg_Nature_Reserve" title="Tygerberg Nature Reserve">Tygerberg Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uitkamp_Wetlands" title="Uitkamp Wetlands">Uitkamp Wetlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witzands_Aquifer_Conservation_Area" title="Witzands Aquifer Conservation Area">Witzands Aquifer Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgat_Nature_Reserve" title="Wolfgat Nature Reserve">Wolfgat Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoarvlei_Wetlands" title="Zoarvlei Wetlands">Zoarvlei Wetlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zandvlei_Estuary_Nature_Reserve" title="Zandvlei Estuary Nature Reserve">Zandvlei Estuary Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeekoevlei_Nature_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeekoevlei Nature Reserve">Zeekoevlei Nature Reserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Communities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Communities</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Atlantic_Seaboard" title="Cape Town">Atlantic Seaboard</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakoven" title="Bakoven">Bakoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantry_Bay,_Cape_Town" title="Bantry Bay, Cape Town">Bantry Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camps_Bay" title="Camps Bay">Camps Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton,_Cape_Town" title="Clifton, Cape Town">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresnaye,_Cape_Town" title="Fresnaye, Cape Town">Fresnaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Point,_Cape_Town" title="Green Point, Cape Town">Green Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llandudno,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Llandudno, Cape Town">Llandudno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouille_Point" title="Mouille Point">Mouille Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Point" title="Sea Point">Sea Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Anchor_Bay" title="Three Anchor Bay">Three Anchor Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Blaauwberg</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantis,_South_Africa" title="Atlantis, South Africa">Atlantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloubergstrand" title="Bloubergstrand">Bloubergstrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn,_Cape_Town" title="Brooklyn, Cape Town">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Century_City,_Cape_Town" title="Century City, Cape Town">Century City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunoon,_Cape_Town" title="Dunoon, Cape Town">Dunoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duynefontein" title="Duynefontein">Duynefontein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Slovo_Park" title="Joe Slovo Park">Joe Slovo Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killarney_Gardens" title="Killarney Gardens">Killarney Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamre,_Western_Cape" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamre, Western Cape">Mamre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkbosstrand" title="Melkbosstrand">Melkbosstrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnerton" title="Milnerton">Milnerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague_Gardens,_Cape_Town" title="Montague Gardens, Cape Town">Montague Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paarden_Eiland" title="Paarden Eiland">Paarden Eiland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parklands,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Parklands, Cape Town">Parklands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rugby,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rugby, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_View" title="Table View">Table View</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Beach,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Beach, Cape Town (page does not exist)">West Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ysterplaat" title="Ysterplaat">Ysterplaat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats" title="Cape Flats">Cape Flats</a><br />(Klipfontein district)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athlone,_Cape_Town" title="Athlone, Cape Town">Athlone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belgravia,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belgravia, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Belgravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Lavis" title="Bishop Lavis">Bishop Lavis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford,_Cape_Town" title="Crawford, Cape Town">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossroads,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossroads, Cape Town">Crossroads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gugulethu" title="Gugulethu">Gugulethu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover_Park,_Cape_Town" title="Hanover Park, Cape Town">Hanover Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heideveld" title="Heideveld">Heideveld</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalksteenfontein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalksteenfontein (page does not exist)">Kalksteenfontein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenwyn,_Cape_Town" title="Kenwyn, Cape Town">Kenwyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansdowne,_Cape_Town" title="Lansdowne, Cape Town">Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavender_Hill,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavender Hill, Cape Town">Lavender Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manenberg" title="Manenberg">Manenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyanga,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyanga, Cape Town">Nyanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottery,_Cape_Town" title="Ottery, Cape Town">Ottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippi,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippi, Cape Town">Philippi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Browns_Farm" class="mw-redirect" title="Browns Farm">Browns Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippi_Horticultural" title="Philippi Horticultural">Philippi Horticultural</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippi_East&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippi East (page does not exist)">Philippi East</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samora_Machel,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samora Machel, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Samora Machel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_East" title="Rondebosch East">Rondebosch East</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rylands,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rylands, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Rylands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strandfontein,_Cape_Town" title="Strandfontein, Cape Town">Strandfontein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valhalla_Park,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valhalla Park, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Valhalla Park</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Khayelitsha" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Khayelitsha" title="Khayelitsha">Khayelitsha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bongweni,_Khayelitsha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bongweni, Khayelitsha (page does not exist)">Bongweni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harare/Holimisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harare/Holimisa (page does not exist)">Harare/Holimisa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikwezi_Park,_Khayelitsha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikwezi Park, Khayelitsha (page does not exist)">Ikwezi Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandela_Park,_Khayelitsha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandela Park, Khayelitsha">Mandela Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Griffiths_Mxenge,_Khayelitsha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Griffiths Mxenge, Khayelitsha (page does not exist)">Griffiths Mxenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QQ_Section" title="QQ Section">QQ Section</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silver_Town,_Khayelitsha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silver Town, Khayelitsha (page does not exist)">Silver Town</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victoria_Merge,_Khayelitsha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victoria Merge, Khayelitsha (page does not exist)">Victoria Merge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mitchells_Plain" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mitchells_Plain" title="Mitchells Plain">Mitchells Plain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocklands,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Rocklands, Mitchells Plain">Rocklands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westridge,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Westridge, Mitchells Plain">Westridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portlands,_Mitchells_Plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Portlands, Mitchells Plain">Portlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafelsig,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Tafelsig, Mitchells Plain">Tafelsig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastridge,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Eastridge, Mitchells Plain">Eastridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Valley,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Beacon Valley, Mitchells Plain">Beacon Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentegeur,_Mitchells_Plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Lentegeur, Mitchells Plain">Lentegeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodlands,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Woodlands, Mitchells Plain">Woodlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weltevreden,_Mitchells_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weltevreden, Mitchells Plain (page does not exist)">Weltevreden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valley,_Mitchells_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valley, Mitchells Plain (page does not exist)">Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Colorado, Mitchells Plain">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandalay,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Mandalay, Mitchells Plain">Mandalay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montclair,_Mitchells_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montclair, Mitchells Plain (page does not exist)">Montclair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Watergate_Developments&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watergate Developments (page does not exist)">Watergate Developments</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz Park (page does not exist)">Heinz Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morgans_Village&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morgans Village (page does not exist)">Morgans Village</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rondevlei,_Mitchells_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rondevlei, Mitchells Plain (page does not exist)">Rondevlei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westgate,_Mitchells_Plain" title="Westgate, Mitchells Plain">Westgate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montrose_Park,_Mitchells_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montrose Park, Mitchells Plain (page does not exist)">Montrose Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lost_City,_Mitchells_Plain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lost City, Mitchells Plain (page does not exist)">Lost City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_Bowl" title="City Bowl">City Bowl</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo-Kaap" title="Bo-Kaap">Bo-Kaap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Waterkant" title="De Waterkant">De Waterkant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_Estate" title="Devil's Peak Estate">Devil's Peak Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Six" title="District Six">District Six</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreshore,_Cape_Town" title="Foreshore, Cape Town">Foreshore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens,_Cape_Town" title="Gardens, Cape Town">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higgovale,_Cape_Town" title="Higgovale, Cape Town">Higgovale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lower_Vrede,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lower Vrede, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Lower Vrede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oranjezicht" title="Oranjezicht">Oranjezicht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robben_Island" title="Robben Island">Robben Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schotsche_Kloof,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Schotsche Kloof, Cape Town">Schotsche Kloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamboerskloof" title="Tamboerskloof">Tamboerskloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Estate" title="University Estate">University Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vredehoek" title="Vredehoek">Vredehoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walmer_Estate" title="Walmer Estate">Walmer Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodstock,_Cape_Town" title="Woodstock, Cape Town">Woodstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zonnebloem" title="Zonnebloem">Zonnebloem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Helderberg" title="Helderberg">Helderberg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eerste_River,_Western_Cape" title="Eerste River, Western Cape">Eerste River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faure,_South_Africa" title="Faure, South Africa">Faure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firgrove,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Firgrove, Cape Town">Firgrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon%27s_Bay" title="Gordon's Bay">Gordon's Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macassar,_Western_Cape" title="Macassar, Western Cape">Macassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Lowry%27s_Pass_Village" title="Sir Lowry's Pass Village">Sir Lowry's Pass Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_West" title="Somerset West">Somerset West</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parel_Vallei" title="Parel Vallei">Parel Vallei</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand,_Western_Cape" title="Strand, Western Cape">Strand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lwandle" title="Lwandle">Lwandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomzamo" title="Nomzamo">Nomzamo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Suburbs,_Cape_Town" title="Northern Suburbs, Cape Town">Northern Suburbs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acacia_Park,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Acacia Park, Cape Town">Acacia Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belhar" title="Belhar">Belhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellville,_Western_Cape" class="mw-redirect" title="Bellville, Western Cape">Bellville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Bellville" title="Boston, Bellville">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eversdal,_Bellville" title="Eversdal, Bellville">Eversdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenridge,_Bellville" title="Kenridge, Bellville">Kenridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellenberg,_Bellville" title="Stellenberg, Bellville">Stellenberg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Downs" title="Blue Downs">Blue Downs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonteheuwel" title="Bonteheuwel">Bonteheuwel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bothasig" title="Bothasig">Bothasig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brackenfell" title="Brackenfell">Brackenfell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Walk" title="Canal Walk">Canal Walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delft,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Delft, Cape Town">Delft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blikkiesdorp" title="Blikkiesdorp">Blikkiesdorp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durbanville" title="Durbanville">Durbanville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgemead" title="Edgemead">Edgemead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsie%27s_River" title="Elsie's River">Elsie's River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epping,_Cape_Town" title="Epping, Cape Town">Epping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisantekraal" title="Fisantekraal">Fisantekraal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodwood,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Goodwood, Cape Town">Goodwood</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joostenbergvlakte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joostenbergvlakte (page does not exist)">Joostenbergvlakte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington,_Cape_Town" title="Kensington, Cape Town">Kensington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraaifontein" title="Kraaifontein">Kraaifontein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuils_River" title="Kuils River">Kuils River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langa,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Langa, Cape Town">Langa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Slovo,_Cape_Town" title="Joe Slovo, Cape Town">Joe Slovo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loevenstein,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loevenstein, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Loevenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitland,_Cape_Town" title="Maitland, Cape Town">Maitland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mfuleni" title="Mfuleni">Mfuleni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Vista,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Monte Vista, Cape Town">Monte Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndabeni" title="Ndabeni">Ndabeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Western_Cape" title="Norwood, Western Cape">Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panorama,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Panorama, Cape Town">Panorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parow,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Parow, Cape Town">Parow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia,_Western_Cape" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia, Western Cape">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plattekloof,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plattekloof, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Plattekloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinelands,_Cape_Town" title="Pinelands, Cape Town">Pinelands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ravensmead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ravensmead (page does not exist)">Ravensmead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richwood,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Richwood, Cape Town">Richwood</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scottsdene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scottsdene (page does not exist)">Scottsdene</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonnestraal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonnestraal (page does not exist)">Sonnestraal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thornton,_Cape_Town" title="Thornton, Cape Town">Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tygerberg" title="Tygerberg">Tygerberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyger_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyger Valley (page does not exist)">Tyger Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallacedene" title="Wallacedene">Wallacedene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Suburbs,_Cape_Town" title="Southern Suburbs, Cape Town">Southern Suburbs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bergvliet" title="Bergvliet">Bergvliet</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kreupelbosch,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kreupelbosch, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Kreupelbosch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishopscourt,_Cape_Town" title="Bishopscourt, Cape Town">Bishopscourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont,_Cape_Town" title="Claremont, Cape Town">Claremont</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harfield_Village" title="Harfield Village">Harfield Village</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantia,_Cape_Town" title="Constantia, Cape Town">Constantia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diep_River,_Cape_Town" title="Diep River, Cape Town">Diep River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grassy_Park" title="Grassy Park">Grassy Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelican_Park,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelican Park, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Pelican Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathfield,_Cape_Town" title="Heathfield, Cape Town">Heathfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenilworth,_Cape_Town" title="Kenilworth, Cape Town">Kenilworth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirstenhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirstenhof (page does not exist)">Kirstenhof</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lakeside,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lakeside, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Lakeside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_River" title="Lotus River">Lotus River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marina_da_Gama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marina da Gama (page does not exist)">Marina da Gama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowridge" title="Meadowridge">Meadowridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowbray,_Cape_Town" title="Mowbray, Cape Town">Mowbray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muizenberg" title="Muizenberg">Muizenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands,_Cape_Town" title="Newlands, Cape Town">Newlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observatory,_Cape_Town" title="Observatory, Cape Town">Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumstead,_Cape_Town" title="Plumstead, Cape Town">Plumstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retreat,_Cape_Town" title="Retreat, Cape Town">Retreat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch" title="Rondebosch">Rondebosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosebank,_Cape_Town" title="Rosebank, Cape Town">Rosebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_River,_Cape_Town" title="Salt River, Cape Town">Salt River</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southfield,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southfield, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Southfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steenberg,_Cape_Town" title="Steenberg, Cape Town">Steenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokai,_Cape_Town" title="Tokai, Cape Town">Tokai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetton,_Cape_Town" title="Wetton, Cape Town">Wetton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynberg,_Cape_Town" title="Wynberg, Cape Town">Wynberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Peninsula,_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="South Peninsula, Cape Town">South Peninsula</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capri_Village" title="Capri Village">Capri Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovelly,_Cape_Town" title="Clovelly, Cape Town">Clovelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da_Gama_Park" title="Da Gama Park">Da Gama Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_Hoek" title="Fish Hoek">Fish Hoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glencairn,_Cape_Town" title="Glencairn, Cape Town">Glencairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangberg" title="Hangberg">Hangberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hout_Bay" title="Hout Bay">Hout Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imizamo_Yethu" title="Imizamo Yethu">Imizamo Yethu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalk_Bay" title="Kalk Bay">Kalk Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kommetjie" title="Kommetjie">Kommetjie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masiphumelele" title="Masiphumelele">Masiphumelele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noordhoek,_Cape_Town" title="Noordhoek, Cape Town">Noordhoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_View,_Cape_Town" title="Ocean View, Cape Town">Ocean View</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarborough,_Western_Cape" title="Scarborough, Western Cape">Scarborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon%27s_Town" title="Simon's Town">Simon's Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James,_Cape_Town" title="St James, Cape Town">St James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnydale,_Cape_Town" title="Sunnydale, Cape Town">Sunnydale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sun_Valley,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sun Valley, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Sun Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vrygrond,_Cape_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vrygrond, Cape Town (page does not exist)">Vrygrond</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighbourhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_%26_Alfred_Waterfront" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria & Alfred Waterfront">Victoria & Alfred Waterfront</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Built_environment" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Built environment</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maclear%27s_Beacon" title="Maclear's Beacon">Maclear's Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreshore_Freeway_Bridge" title="Foreshore Freeway Bridge">Foreshore Freeway Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Parade_(Cape_Town)" title="Grand Parade (Cape Town)">Grand Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenmarket_Square" title="Greenmarket Square">Greenmarket Square</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adderley_Street" title="Adderley Street">Adderley Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Street_(Cape_Town)" title="Long Street (Cape Town)">Long Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand_Street" title="Strand Street">Strand Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapman%27s_Peak_Drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapman's Peak Drive">Chapman's Peak Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_Bend" title="Hospital Bend">Hospital Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kloof_Nek_Road" title="Kloof Nek Road">Kloof Nek Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Routes_in_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Routes in Cape Town">Metropolitan Routes in Cape Town</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M3_(Cape_Town)" title="M3 (Cape Town)">M3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M4_(Cape_Town)" title="M4 (Cape Town)">M4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M5_(Cape_Town)" title="M5 (Cape Town)">M5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M6_(Cape_Town)" title="M6 (Cape Town)">M6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M7_(Cape_Town)" title="M7 (Cape Town)">M7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M8_(Cape_Town)" title="M8 (Cape Town)">M8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M9_(Cape_Town)" title="M9 (Cape Town)">M9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M10_(Cape_Town)" title="M10 (Cape Town)">M10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M11_(Cape_Town)" title="M11 (Cape Town)">M11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M12_(Cape_Town)" title="M12 (Cape Town)">M12</a></li></ul></li> <li>National roads <ul><li><a href="/wiki/N1_(South_Africa)" title="N1 (South Africa)">N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N2_(South_Africa)" title="N2 (South Africa)">N2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N7_(South_Africa)" title="N7 (South Africa)">N7</a></li></ul></li> <li>Regional roads <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R27_(South_Africa)" title="R27 (South Africa)">R27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R44_(South_Africa)" title="R44 (South Africa)">R44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R101_(South_Africa)" title="R101 (South Africa)">R101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R102_(South_Africa)" title="R102 (South Africa)">R102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R300_(South_Africa)" title="R300 (South Africa)">R300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R302_(South_Africa)" title="R302 (South Africa)">R302</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R310_(South_Africa)" title="R310 (South Africa)">R310</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Lowry%27s_Pass" title="Sir Lowry's Pass">Sir Lowry's Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ou_Kaapse_Weg" title="Ou Kaapse Weg">Ou Kaapse Weg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Expressway_(Cape_Town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peninsula Expressway (Cape Town)">Peninsula Expressway (Cape Town)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Skyscrapers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Cape_Town" title="List of tallest buildings in Cape Town">List of tallest buildings in Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_Thibault_Square" title="1 Thibault Square">1 Thibault Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atterbury_House" title="Atterbury House">Atterbury House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Civic_Centre" title="Cape Town Civic Centre">Cape Town Civic Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metlife_Centre" title="Metlife Centre">Metlife Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_Building" title="Mutual Building">Mutual Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naspers_Centre" title="Naspers Centre">Naspers Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portside_Tower" title="Portside Tower">Portside Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_House" title="Triangle House">Triangle House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Government" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Government</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Africa" title="Parliament of South Africa">Parliament of South Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genadendal_Residence" title="Genadendal Residence">Genadendal Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highstead_(Cape_Town)" title="Highstead (Cape Town)">Highstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuynhuys" title="Tuynhuys">Tuynhuys</a></li></ul></li> <li>Defence <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Base_Ysterplaat" title="Air Force Base Ysterplaat">Air Force Base Ysterplaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Base_Simon%27s_Town" title="Naval Base Simon's Town">Naval Base Simon's Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAS_Wingfield" title="SAS Wingfield">SAS Wingfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Naval_College" title="South African Naval College">South African Naval College</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provincial government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leeuwenhof" title="Leeuwenhof">Leeuwenhof</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_of_Cape_Town" title="City of Cape Town">City of Cape Town</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Government" title="Cape Town">Government of Cape Town</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Cape_Town" title="Mayor of Cape Town">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Mayor_of_Cape_Town" title="Deputy Mayor of Cape Town">Deputy Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_City_Hall" title="Cape Town City Hall">Cape Town City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Civic_Centre" title="Cape Town Civic Centre">Cape Town Civic Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Partnership" title="Cape Town Partnership">Cape Town Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Cape_Town" title="Coat of arms of Cape Town">Coat of arms of Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Cape_Town" title="Flag of Cape Town">Flag of Cape Town</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Cape_Town_elections" title="City of Cape Town elections">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Cape_Town_mayoral_election" title="2018 Cape Town mayoral election">2018 Cape Town mayoral election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus_Commission" title="Erasmus Commission">Erasmus Commission</a></li> <li>Wards</li> <li>Law and enforcement <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Cape_Division_of_the_High_Court_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Cape Division of the High Court of South Africa">Western Cape Division of the High Court of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Police_(South_Africa)" title="Municipal Police (South Africa)">Municipal Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollsmoor_Prison" title="Pollsmoor Prison">Pollsmoor Prison</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cape_Town" title="History of Cape Town">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Cape_Colony" title="Invasion of the Cape Colony">Invasion of the Cape Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Blaauwberg" title="Battle of Blaauwberg">Battle of Blaauwberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Dutch_Treaty_of_1814" title="Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814">Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noon_Gun" title="Noon Gun">Noon Gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convict_crisis" title="Convict crisis">Convict crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cape_Town" title="Timeline of Cape Town">Timeline of Cape Town</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fortifications_of_the_Cape_Peninsula" title="Fortifications of the Cape Peninsula">Fortifications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Battery" title="Amsterdam Battery">Amsterdam Battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Good_Hope" title="Castle of Good Hope">Castle of Good Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavonnes_Battery" title="Chavonnes Battery">Chavonnes Battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Goede_Hoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort de Goede Hoop">Fort de Goede Hoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redoubt_Duijnhoop" title="Redoubt Duijnhoop">Redoubt Duijnhoop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monuments and memorials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artillery_Memorial,_Cape_Town" title="Artillery Memorial, Cape Town">Artillery Memorial, Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Lantern_Monument" title="Japanese Lantern Monument">Japanese Lantern Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Memorial" title="Rhodes Memorial">Rhodes Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cenotaph,_Cape_Town" title="The Cenotaph, Cape Town">The Cenotaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_Tree" title="Treaty Tree">Treaty Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Riebeeck%27s_Hedge" title="Van Riebeeck's Hedge">Van Riebeeck's Hedge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists of heritage sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_near_Cape_Town" title="List of heritage sites near Cape Town">Near Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_in_the_Bo-Kaap_of_Cape_Town" title="List of heritage sites in the Bo-Kaap of Cape Town">Bo-Kaap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_in_Cape_Town_CBD_and_the_Waterfront" title="List of heritage sites in Cape Town CBD and the Waterfront">CBD and the Waterfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_in_Simonstown" class="mw-redirect" title="List of heritage sites in Simonstown">Simon's Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_of_the_Helderberg_area" title="List of heritage sites of the Helderberg area">Helderberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_in_Bellville" title="List of heritage sites in Bellville">Bellville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_in_Table_Mountain" title="List of heritage sites in Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_in_Wynberg,_Cape_Town" title="List of heritage sites in Wynberg, Cape Town">Wynberg district</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Theatre_(Cape_Town)" title="African Theatre (Cape Town)">African Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhambra_Theatre_(Cape_Town)" title="Alhambra Theatre (Cape Town)">Alhambra Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakwater_Lodge" title="Breakwater Lodge">Breakwater Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Square_(Cape_Town)" title="Church Square (Cape Town)">Church Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coornhoop" title="Coornhoop">Coornhoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graaff_Electric_Lighting_Works" title="Graaff Electric Lighting Works">Graaff Electric Lighting Works</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Culture</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Demographics" title="Cape Town">Demographics</a></li> <li>Languages <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_English" title="South African English">South African English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_language" title="Xhosa language">Xhosa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cuisine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_wine#Constantia" title="South African wine">Cape Town wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantia_(wine)" title="Constantia (wine)">Constantia (wine)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatsby_(sandwich)" title="Gatsby (sandwich)">Gatsby (sandwich)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performance<br />art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_City_Ballet" title="Cape Town City Ballet">Cape Town City Ballet</a></li> <li>Musical ensembles <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Opera" title="Cape Town Opera">Cape Town Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Philharmonia_Choir" title="Cape Town Philharmonia Choir">Cape Town Philharmonia Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Philharmonic_Orchestra" title="Cape Town Philharmonic Orchestra">Cape Town Philharmonic Orchestra</a></li></ul></li> <li>Theatres <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artscape_Theatre_Centre" title="Artscape Theatre Centre">Artscape Theatre Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Theatre_Centre" title="Baxter Theatre Centre">Baxter Theatre Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labia_Theatre" title="Labia Theatre">Labia Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Theatre_(Cape_Town)" title="Little Theatre (Cape Town)">Little Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnet_Theatre" title="Magnet Theatre">Magnet Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynardville_Open-Air_Theatre" title="Maynardville Open-Air Theatre">Maynardville Open-Air Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Theatre_(Cape_Town)" title="Space Theatre (Cape Town)">Space Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Independent_Armchair_Theatre" title="The Independent Armchair Theatre">The Independent Armchair Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_on_the_Bay" title="Theatre on the Bay">Theatre on the Bay</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and<br />festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Book_Fair" title="Cape Town Book Fair">Cape Town Book Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_International_Jazz_Festival" title="Cape Town International Jazz Festival">Cape Town International Jazz Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaapse_Klopse" title="Kaapse Klopse">Kaapse Klopse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and<br />art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force_Museum" title="South African Air Force Museum">Air Force Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertram_House" title="Bertram House">Bertram House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavonnes_Battery" title="Chavonnes Battery">Chavonnes Battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Science_Centre" title="Cape Town Science Centre">Cape Town Science Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Six_Museum" title="District Six Museum">District Six Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallery_Mau_Mau" title="Gallery Mau Mau">Gallery Mau Mau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groote_Schuur" title="Groote Schuur">Groote Schuur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Cape_Town_Museum" title="Heart of Cape Town Museum">Heart of Cape Town Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hout_Bay_Museum" title="Hout Bay Museum">Hout Bay Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Holocaust_Centre" title="Cape Town Holocaust Centre">Holocaust Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koopmans-de_Wet_House" title="Koopmans-de Wet House">Koopmans-de Wet House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximum_Security_Prison,_Robben_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximum Security Prison, Robben Island">Maximum Security Prison, Robben Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Medical_Museum" title="Cape Medical Museum">Medical Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostert%27s_Mill" title="Mostert's Mill">Mostert's Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon%27s_Town_Museum" title="Simon's Town Museum">Simon's Town Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Naval_Museum" title="South African Naval Museum">Naval Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Sendinggestig_Museum" title="South African Sendinggestig Museum">South African Sendinggestig Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterworks_Museum_(Cape_Town)" title="Waterworks Museum (Cape Town)">Waterworks Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeitz_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art_Africa" title="Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa">Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Iziko_Museums" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iziko_Museums" class="mw-redirect" title="Iziko Museums">Iziko Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bertram_House" title="Bertram House">Bertram House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo-Kaap#Bo-Kaap_Museum" title="Bo-Kaap">Bo-Kaap Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groot_Constantia" title="Groot Constantia">Groot Constantia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koopmans-de_Wet_House" title="Koopmans-de Wet House">Koopmans-de Wet House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Centre" title="Maritime Centre">Maritime Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michaelis_Collection_at_the_Old_Town_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Michaelis Collection at the Old Town House">Michaelis Collection at the Old Town House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rust_en_Vreugd" title="Rust en Vreugd">Rust en Vreugd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slave_Lodge,_Cape_Town" title="Slave Lodge, Cape Town">Slave Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_History_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social History Centre (page does not exist)">Social History Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAS_Somerset" title="SAS Somerset">SAS Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iziko_South_African_Museum" title="Iziko South African Museum">South African Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iziko_South_African_National_Gallery" title="Iziko South African National Gallery">National Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Good_Hope" title="Castle of Good Hope">William Fehr Collection at the Castle of Good Hope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Statues <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Nelson_Mandela,_Cape_Town_City_Hall" title="Statue of Nelson Mandela, Cape Town City Hall">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Cecil_Rhodes,_Company%27s_Garden" title="Statue of Cecil Rhodes, Company's Garden">Cecil Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Square" title="Nobel Square">Nobel Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_George_Grey" title="Statue of George Grey">George Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Jan_Hendrik_Hofmeyr" title="Statue of Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr">Jan Hendrik Hofmeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Jan_van_Riebeeck" title="Statue of Jan van Riebeeck">Jan van Riebeeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Maria_van_Riebeeck" title="Statue of Maria van Riebeeck">Maria van Riebeeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statues_of_Bartolomeu_Dias" title="Statues of Bartolomeu Dias">Bartolomeu Dias</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Cape_Town" title="Anglican Diocese of Cape Town">Anglican Diocese of Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cape_Town" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cape Town">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cape Town</a></li> <li>Religious buildings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auwal_Mosque" title="Auwal Mosque">Auwal Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_Shul" title="Gardens Shul">Gardens Shul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Cathedral_of_St_George" title="Greek Orthodox Cathedral of St George">Greek Orthodox Cathedral of St George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groote_Kerk,_Cape_Town" title="Groote Kerk, Cape Town">Groote Kerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_in_Strand_Street" title="Lutheran Church in Strand Street">Lutheran Church in Strand Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurul_Islam_Mosque" title="Nurul Islam Mosque">Nurul Islam Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Tree_Mosque" title="Palm Tree Mosque">Palm Tree Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria_Mosque" title="Queen Victoria Mosque">Queen Victoria Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_Cathedral,_Cape_Town" title="St. George's Cathedral, Cape Town">St. George's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._James_Church,_Cape_Town" title="St. James Church, Cape Town">St. James Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Cape_Town" title="St. Mary's Cathedral, Cape Town">St. Mary's Cathedral</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secular<br />architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Dutch_architecture" title="Cape Dutch architecture">Cape Dutch architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Cape_Town" title="List of tallest buildings in Cape Town">Tallest buildings in Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athlone_Power_Station" title="Athlone Power Station">Athlone Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atterbury_House" title="Atterbury House">Atterbury House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertram_House" title="Bertram House">Bertram House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boshofpoort" title="Boshofpoort">Boshofpoort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_City_Hall" title="Cape Town City Hall">Cape Town City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Civic_Centre" title="Cape Town Civic Centre">Cape Town Civic Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Good_Hope" title="Castle of Good Hope">Castle of Good Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_the_Book" title="Centre for the Book">Centre for the Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coornhoop" title="Coornhoop">Coornhoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disa_Park" title="Disa Park">Disa Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Building_(Cape_Town)" title="Egyptian Building (Cape Town)">Egyptian Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genadendal_Residence" title="Genadendal Residence">Genadendal Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawthorndon_House" title="Hawthorndon House">Hawthorndon House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament,_Cape_Town" title="Houses of Parliament, Cape Town">Houses of Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huguenot_Memorial_Building" title="Huguenot Memorial Building">Huguenot Memorial Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeuwenhof" title="Leeuwenhof">Leeuwenhof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandela_Rhodes_Building" title="Mandela Rhodes Building">Mandela Rhodes Building</a></li> <li>Metlife Centre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_Building" title="Mutual Building">Mutual Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naspers_Centre" title="Naspers Centre">Naspers Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portside_Tower" title="Portside Tower">Portside Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Memorial" title="Rhodes Memorial">Rhodes Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Observatory,_Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope">Royal Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_House" title="Triangle House">Triangle House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Newspapers <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cape_Times" title="Cape Times">Cape Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cape_Messenger" title="The Cape Messenger">The Cape Messenger</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Radio and television <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bush_Radio_(South_Africa)" title="Bush Radio (South Africa)">Bush Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CapeTalk" title="CapeTalk">CapeTalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_TV" title="Cape Town TV">Cape Town TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fine_Music_Radio" title="Fine Music Radio">Fine Music Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Hope_FM" title="Good Hope FM">Good Hope FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfm_94.5" title="Kfm 94.5">Kfm 94.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCT_Radio" title="UCT Radio">UCT Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_the_Cape" title="Voice of the Cape">Voice of the Cape</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Economy" title="Cape Town">Economy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Western_Cape#Entrepreneurship_and_innovation" title="Economy of the Western Cape">Entrepreneurship and innovation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Cape_Initiative" title="Silicon Cape Initiative">Silicon Cape Initiative</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies based<br />in Cape Town</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naspers" title="Naspers">Naspers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travelstart" title="Travelstart">Travelstart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MWEB" title="MWEB">MWEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanlam" title="Sanlam">Sanlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolworths_Holdings_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Woolworths Holdings Limited">Woolworths Holdings Limited</a></li> <li>Of historical interest: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garlicks" title="Garlicks">Garlicks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hotels and resorts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belmond_Mount_Nelson_Hotel" title="Belmond Mount Nelson Hotel">Belmond Mount Nelson Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protea_Hotels_by_Marriott" title="Protea Hotels by Marriott">Protea Hotels by Marriott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shopping areas,<br />malls and markets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Walk" title="Canal Walk">Canal Walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavendish_Square_(shopping_centre)" title="Cavendish Square (shopping centre)">Cavendish Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Acre_(Cape_Town)" title="Golden Acre (Cape Town)">Golden Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenmarket_Square" title="Greenmarket Square">Greenmarket Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N1_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N1 City (page does not exist)">N1 City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tygerberg_Mall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tygerberg Mall (page does not exist)">Tygerberg Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_Mall_(South_Africa)" title="Somerset Mall (South Africa)">Somerset Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_%26_Alfred_Waterfront" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria & Alfred Waterfront">Victoria & Alfred Waterfront</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exhibition centres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_International_Convention_Centre" title="Cape Town International Convention Centre">Cape Town International Convention Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Hope_Centre" title="Good Hope Centre">Good Hope Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Restaurants and cafés</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Caprice" title="Café Caprice">Café Caprice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseverance_Tavern" title="Perseverance Tavern">Perseverance Tavern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Tourism" title="Cape Town">Tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaches_of_Cape_Town" title="Beaches of Cape Town">Beaches of Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_of_Good_Hope" title="Cape of Good Hope">Cape of Good Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_Aerial_Cableway" title="Table Mountain Aerial Cableway">Table Mountain Aerial Cableway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groot_Constantia" title="Groot Constantia">Groot Constantia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner%27s_Wharf" title="Mariner's Wharf">Mariner's Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nature_reserves_in_Cape_Town" title="List of nature reserves in Cape Town">Nature reserves in Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratanga_Junction" title="Ratanga Junction">Ratanga Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Oceans_Aquarium" title="Two Oceans Aquarium">Two Oceans Aquarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_%26_Alfred_Waterfront" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria & Alfred Waterfront">Victoria & Alfred Waterfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_of_Birds_Wildlife_Sanctuary_and_Monkey_Park" title="World of Birds Wildlife Sanctuary and Monkey Park">World of Birds Wildlife Sanctuary and Monkey Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Transport" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Transport" title="Cape Town">Transport</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Air_transport" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Air" title="Cape Town">Air transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_the_Cape_Town_area" title="List of airports in the Cape Town area">Airports in Cape Town</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Base_Ysterplaat" title="Air Force Base Ysterplaat">Air Force Base Ysterplaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_International_Airport" title="Cape Town International Airport">Cape Town International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Winelands_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Winelands Airfield">Cape Winelands Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wingfield_Aerodrome" title="Wingfield Aerodrome">Wingfield Aerodrome</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Sea" title="Cape Town">Maritime transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Cape_Town" title="Port of Cape Town">Port of Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safmarine" title="Safmarine">Safmarine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Road" title="Cape Town">Road transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Buses" title="Cape Town">Buses in Cape Town</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Arrow_Bus_Services" title="Golden Arrow Bus Services">Golden Arrow Bus Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MyCiTi" title="MyCiTi">MyCiTi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MyCiTi_bus_stations" title="MyCiTi bus stations">MyCiTi bus stations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Routes_in_Cape_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Routes in Cape Town">Roads in Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolleybuses_in_Cape_Town" title="Trolleybuses in Cape Town">Trolleybuses in Cape Town</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Rail" title="Cape Town">Rail transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Train_(South_Africa)" title="Blue Train (South Africa)">Blue Train</a></li> <li>Commuter rail lines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metrorail_Western_Cape" title="Metrorail Western Cape">Metrorail Western Cape</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats_Line" title="Cape Flats Line">Cape Flats Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Line_(Cape_Town)" title="Central Line (Cape Town)">Central Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Line_(Cape_Town)" title="Northern Line (Cape Town)">Northern Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Line_(Cape_Town)" title="Southern Line (Cape Town)">Southern Line</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Railway stations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bellville_railway_station" title="Bellville railway station">Bellville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_railway_station" title="Cape Town railway station">Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_railway_station_(Cape_Town)" title="Claremont railway station (Cape Town)">Claremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_railway_station_(Cape_Town)" title="Crawford railway station (Cape Town)">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowbray_railway_station" title="Mowbray railway station">Mowbray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_railway_station" title="Mutual railway station">Mutual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands_railway_station" title="Newlands railway station">Newlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observatory_railway_station" title="Observatory railway station">Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinelands_railway_station" title="Pinelands railway station">Pinelands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retreat_railway_station" title="Retreat railway station">Retreat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_railway_station" title="Rondebosch railway station">Rondebosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosebank_railway_station" title="Rosebank railway station">Rosebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_River_railway_station" title="Salt River railway station">Salt River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon%27s_Town_railway_station" title="Simon's Town railway station">Simon's Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steenberg_railway_station" title="Steenberg railway station">Steenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodstock_railway_station_(Cape_Town)" title="Woodstock railway station (Cape Town)">Woodstock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Cape_Town" title="Trams in Cape Town">Trams in Cape Town</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Sports" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Sports" title="Cape Town">Sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soccer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Spurs_F.C." title="Cape Town Spurs F.C.">Cape Town Spurs F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_City_F.C._(2016)" title="Cape Town City F.C. (2016)">Cape Town City F.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rugby</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Province_(rugby_team)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Province (rugby team)">Western Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikey_Tigers" title="Ikey Tigers">Ikey Tigers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cricket</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Cobras" title="Cape Cobras">Cape Cobras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Tigers" title="Cape Town Tigers">Cape Town Tigers</a> (basketball)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sports_events_in_Cape_Town" title="List of sports events in Cape Town">Sports events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2010 FIFA World Cup">2010 FIFA World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Cycle_Tour" title="Cape Town Cycle Tour">Cape Town Cycle Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Open" title="Cape Town Open">Cape Town Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Ladies_Open" title="Cape Town Ladies Open">Cape Town Ladies Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Marathon" title="Cape Town Marathon">Cape Town Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_Sevens" title="South Africa Sevens">South Africa Sevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Oceans_Marathon" title="Two Oceans Marathon">Two Oceans Marathon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athlone_Stadium" title="Athlone Stadium">Athlone Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellville_Stadium" title="Bellville Stadium">Bellville Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellville_Velodrome" title="Bellville Velodrome">Bellville Velodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_Stadium" title="Cape Town Stadium">Cape Town Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erica_Park" title="Erica Park">Erica Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Hope_Centre" title="Good Hope Centre">Good Hope Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Point_Stadium" title="Green Point Stadium">Green Point Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartleyvale_Stadium" title="Hartleyvale Stadium">Hartleyvale Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killarney_Motor_Racing_Complex" title="Killarney Motor Racing Complex">Killarney Motor Racing Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnerton_Racecourse" title="Milnerton Racecourse">Milnerton Racecourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands_Cricket_Ground" title="Newlands Cricket Ground">Newlands Cricket Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands_Stadium" title="Newlands Stadium">Newlands Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NNK_Rugby_Stadium" title="NNK Rugby Stadium">NNK Rugby Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parow_Park" title="Parow Park">Parow Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippi_Stadium" title="Philippi Stadium">Philippi Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Cape_Golf_Club" title="Royal Cape Golf Club">Royal Cape Golf Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Western_Cape_Stadium" title="University of the Western Cape Stadium">University of the Western Cape Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynberg_Military_Base_Stadium" title="Wynberg Military Base Stadium">Wynberg Military Base Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Education" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town#Education" title="Cape Town">Education</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblionef" title="Biblionef">Biblionef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Library_Cape_Town" title="Central Library Cape Town">Central Library Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_the_Book" title="Centre for the Book">Centre for the Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_Hoek_Library" title="Fish Hoek Library">Fish Hoek Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Gitlin_Library" title="Jacob Gitlin Library">Jacob Gitlin Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowridge_Library" title="Meadowridge Library">Meadowridge Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_South_Africa" title="National Library of South Africa">National Library of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_Library" title="Rondebosch Library">Rondebosch Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAAO_Library" title="SAAO Library">SAAO Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strandfontein_Library" title="Strandfontein Library">Strandfontein Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Town_Libraries" title="University of Cape Town Libraries">University of Cape Town Libraries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Peninsula_University_of_Technology" title="Cape Peninsula University of Technology">Cape Peninsula University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Town" title="University of Cape Town">University of Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Western_Cape" title="University of the Western Cape">University of the Western Cape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qualitas_Career_Academy" title="Qualitas Career Academy">Qualitas Career Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_College" title="South African College">South African College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva_of_Cape_Town" title="Yeshiva of Cape Town">Yeshiva of Cape Town</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private<br />schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_International_School_of_Cape_Town" title="American International School of Cape Town">American International School of Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannons_Creek_Independent_School" title="Cannons Creek Independent School">Cannons Creek Independent School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_French_School" title="Cape Town French School">Cape Town French School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christel_House_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Christel House South Africa">Christel House South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darul_Islam_Islamic_High_School" title="Darul Islam Islamic High School">Darul Islam Islamic High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_College" title="Diocesan College">Diocesan College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_International_School_Cape_Town" title="German International School Cape Town">German International School Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herschel_Girls%27_School" title="Herschel Girls' School">Herschel Girls' School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Herzlia_Schools" title="United Herzlia Schools">Herzlia Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_View_Academy" title="Mountain View Academy">Mountain View Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parklands_College" title="Parklands College">Parklands College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Cyprian%27s_School,_Cape_Town" title="St. Cyprian's School, Cape Town">St. Cyprian's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_Grammar_School_(Cape_Town)" title="St. George's Grammar School (Cape Town)">St. George's Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Oak_Waldorf_School" title="Michael Oak Waldorf School">Michael Oak Waldorf School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakhurst_Primary_School" title="Oakhurst Primary School">Oakhurst Primary School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Sinton_Secondary_School" title="Alexander Sinton Secondary School">Alexander Sinton Secondary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgravia_High_School" title="Belgravia High School">Belgravia High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belhar_Secondary_School" title="Belhar Secondary School">Belhar Secondary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho%C3%ABrskool_Bellville" title="Hoërskool Bellville">Bellville High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergvliet_Primary_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Bergvliet Primary School">Bergvliet Primary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergvliet_High_School" title="Bergvliet High School">Bergvliet High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosmansdam_High_School" title="Bosmansdam High School">Bosmansdam High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brackenfell_High_School" title="Brackenfell High School">Brackenfell High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Academy_of_Mathematics,_Science_and_Technology" title="Cape Academy of Mathematics, Science and Technology">Cape Academy of Mathematics, Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town_High_School" title="Cape Town High School">Cape Town High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hani_Secondary_School" title="Chris Hani Secondary School">Chris Hani Secondary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_High_School_(Cape_Town)" title="Claremont High School (Cape Town)">Claremont High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COSAT" title="COSAT">COSAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D.F._Malan_High_School" title="D.F. Malan High School">D.F. Malan High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durbanville_High_School" title="Durbanville High School">Durbanville High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eben_D%C3%B6nges_High_School" title="Eben Dönges High School">Eben Dönges High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eersterivier_Secondary_School" title="Eersterivier Secondary School">Eersterivier Secondary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairbairn_College" title="Fairbairn College">Fairbairn College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairmont_High_School,_Durbanville" title="Fairmont High School, Durbanville">Fairmont High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_Commercial_High_School" title="Gardens Commercial High School">Gardens Commercial High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grove_Primary_School_(South_Africa)" title="Grove Primary School (South Africa)">Grove Primary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Cressy_High_School" title="Harold Cressy High School">Harold Cressy High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hottentots_Holland_High_School" title="Hottentots Holland High School">Hottentots Holland High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho%C3%ABrskool_Jan_van_Riebeeck" title="Hoërskool Jan van Riebeeck">Jan van Riebeeck High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavender_Hill_High_School" title="Lavender Hill High School">Lavender Hill High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingstone_High_School" title="Livingstone High School">Livingstone High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masiphumelele_High_School" title="Masiphumelele High School">Masiphumelele High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnerton_High_School" title="Milnerton High School">Milnerton High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondale_High_School" title="Mondale High School">Mondale High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parel_Vallei_High_School" title="Parel Vallei High School">Parel Vallei High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinelands_High_School" title="Pinelands High School">Pinelands High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Range_High_School_(Cape_Town)" title="Range High School (Cape Town)">Range High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_Boys%27_High_School" title="Rondebosch Boys' High School">Rondebosch Boys' High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondebosch_Boys%27_Preparatory_School" title="Rondebosch Boys' Preparatory School">Rondebosch Boys' Preparatory School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustenburg_School_for_Girls" title="Rustenburg School for Girls">Rustenburg School for Girls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Point_High_School" title="Sea Point High School">Sea Point High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinenjongo_High_School" title="Sinenjongo High School">Sinenjongo High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spine_Road_High_School" title="Spine Road High School">Spine Road High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_College_Schools" title="South African College Schools">South African College Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellenberg_High_School" title="Stellenberg High School">Stellenberg High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho%C3%ABrskool_Strand" title="Hoërskool Strand">Strand High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_View_High_School" title="Table View High School">Table View High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Settlers_High_School" title="The Settlers High School">The Settlers High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_High_School_(Cape_Town)" title="Trafalgar High School (Cape Town)">Trafalgar High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tygerberg_High_School" title="Tygerberg High School">Tygerberg High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerford_High_School" title="Westerford High School">Westerford High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_High_School_(Cape_Town)" title="Windsor High School (Cape Town)">Windsor High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynberg_Boys%27_High_School" title="Wynberg Boys' High School">Wynberg Boys' High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wynberg_Girls%27_High_School" title="Wynberg Girls' High School">Wynberg Girls' High School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternative schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GlenBridge_Special_School" title="GlenBridge Special School">GlenBridge Special School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafelberg_School" title="Tafelberg School">Tafelberg School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ellerslie_Girls%27_High_School" title="Ellerslie Girls' High School">Ellerslie Girls' High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tot_Nut_van_het_Algemeen" title="Tot Nut van het Algemeen">Tot Nut van het Algemeen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art & music schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Lambrechts_Music_Centre" title="Hugo Lambrechts Music Centre">Hugo Lambrechts Music Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_College_of_Music" title="South African College of Music">South African College of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Clarke_Art_Centre" title="Peter Clarke Art Centre">Peter Clarke Art Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not yet allocated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Magic" title="College of Magic">College of Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montebello_Design_Centre" title="Montebello Design Centre">Montebello Design Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Services" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Services</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Hospital_(Cape_Town)" title="Alexandra Hospital (Cape Town)">Alexandra Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groote_Schuur_Hospital" title="Groote Schuur Hospital">Groote Schuur Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Bremer_Hospital" title="Karl Bremer Hospital">Karl Bremer Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_War_Memorial_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital">Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_Hospital_(Cape_Town)" title="Somerset Hospital (Cape Town)">Somerset Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tygerberg_Hospital" title="Tygerberg Hospital">Tygerberg Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valkenberg_Hospital" title="Valkenberg Hospital">Valkenberg Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lighthouses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Point_Lighthouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Point Lighthouse">Cape Point Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Point_Lighthouse,_Cape_Town" title="Green Point Lighthouse, Cape Town">Green Point Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnerton_Lighthouse" title="Milnerton Lighthouse">Milnerton Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rock_Lighthouse" title="Roman Rock Lighthouse">Roman Rock Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slangkop_Lighthouse" title="Slangkop Lighthouse">Slangkop Lighthouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Cape_Water_Supply_System" title="Western Cape Water Supply System">Western Cape<br />Water Supply System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dams and resrvoirs <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandra Dam">Alexandra Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berg_River_Dam" title="Berg River Dam">Berg River Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Villiers_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="De Villiers Dam">De Villiers Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hely-Hutchinson_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Hely-Hutchinson Dam">Hely-Hutchinson Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kleinplaats_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kleinplaats Dam (page does not exist)">Kleinplaats Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Land-en-Zeezicht_Reservoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Land-en-Zeezicht Reservoir (page does not exist)">Land-en-Zeezicht Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Gay_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewis Gay Dam (page does not exist)">Lewis Gay Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molteno_Dam" title="Molteno Dam">Molteno Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silvermine_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silvermine Dam (page does not exist)">Silvermine Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steenbras_Dam" title="Steenbras Dam">Steenbras Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theewaterskloof_Dam" title="Theewaterskloof Dam">Theewaterskloof Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Dam_(Cape_Town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria Dam (Cape Town)">Victoria Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vo%C3%ABlvlei_Dam" title="Voëlvlei Dam">Voëlvlei Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wemmershoek_Dam" title="Wemmershoek Dam">Wemmershoek Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodhead_Dam" title="Woodhead Dam">Woodhead Dam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electrical power generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athlone_Power_Station" title="Athlone Power Station">Athlone Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graaff_Electric_Lighting_Works" title="Graaff Electric Lighting Works">Graaff Electric Lighting Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koeberg_Nuclear_Power_Station" title="Koeberg Nuclear Power Station">Koeberg Nuclear Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiet_Pumped_Storage_Scheme" title="Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme">Palmiet Pumped Storage Scheme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emergency services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cape_Town_Fire_Department&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cape Town Fire Department (page does not exist)">Cape Town Fire Department</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metro_Emergency_Medical_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metro Emergency Medical Services (page does not exist)">Metro Emergency Medical Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Club_of_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain Club of South Africa">Mountain Club of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Sea_Rescue_Institute" title="National Sea Rescue Institute">National Sea Rescue Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cape_Town" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cape Town">Cape Town</a></b> • <b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Cape_Town" title="Outline of Cape Town">Outline</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Province_of_the_Western_Cape" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Western_Cape_Province" title="Template:Western Cape Province"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Western_Cape_Province" title="Template talk:Western Cape Province"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Western_Cape_Province" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Western Cape Province"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Province_of_the_Western_Cape" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_South_Africa" title="Provinces of South Africa">Province</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Cape" title="Western Cape">Western Cape</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Capital and largest city: <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a></li> <li>Population: <a href="/wiki/List_of_South_African_provinces_by_population" title="List of South African provinces by population">5,822,734</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Census_of_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="South African National Census of 2011">2011</a>)</li> <li>Land area: <a href="/wiki/List_of_South_African_provinces_by_area" title="List of South African provinces by area">129,462 km<sup>2</sup></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Western_Cape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the Western Cape (page does not exist)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cape_Town" title="History of Cape Town">Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cape_Town" title="Timeline of Cape Town">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Western_Cape" title="Government of the Western Cape">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Western_Cape" title="Politics of the Western Cape">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Independence">Independence Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Western_Cape" title="Economy of the Western Cape">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Climate_of_the_Western_Cape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Climate of the Western Cape (page does not exist)">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ecology_of_the_Western_Cape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ecology of the Western Cape (page does not exist)">Ecology</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_ecology_of_the_Western_Cape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine ecology of the Western Cape (page does not exist)">Marine</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Western_Cape" title="Government of the Western Cape">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Western_Cape" title="Premier of the Western Cape">Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_the_Western_Cape" title="Executive Council of the Western Cape">Provincial Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Cape_Provincial_Parliament" title="Western Cape Provincial Parliament">Provincial Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Cape_Division" title="Western Cape Division">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_the_Western_Cape" title="List of municipalities in the Western Cape">Municipalities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cape Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Flats" title="Cape Flats">Cape Flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boland,_Western_Cape" title="Boland, Western Cape">Boland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swartland" title="Swartland">Swartland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast,_Western_Cape" title="West Coast, Western Cape">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breede_River_Valley" title="Breede River Valley">Breede River Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overberg" title="Overberg">Overberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_Route" title="Garden Route">Garden Route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoo#Little_Karoo" title="Karoo">Little Karoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoo#Great_Karoo" title="Karoo">Great Karoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_the_Western_Cape" title="List of cities and towns in the Western Cape">Cities and<br />major towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George,_Western_Cape" class="mw-redirect" title="George, Western Cape">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mossel_Bay" title="Mossel Bay">Mossel Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oudtshoorn" title="Oudtshoorn">Oudtshoorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paarl" title="Paarl">Paarl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellenbosch" title="Stellenbosch">Stellenbosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington,_Western_Cape" class="mw-redirect" title="Wellington, Western Cape">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_South_Africa" title="Worcester, South Africa">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Table_Mountain_National_Park" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Template:Table Mountain National Park"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Template talk:Table Mountain National Park"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Table Mountain National Park"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Table_Mountain_National_Park" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park" title="Table Mountain National Park">Table Mountain National Park</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Point" title="Cape Point">Cape Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantiaberg" title="Constantiaberg">Constantiaberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Peak_(Cape_Town)" title="Devil's Peak (Cape Town)">Devil's Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion%27s_Head_(Cape_Town)" title="Lion's Head (Cape Town)">Lion's Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Kloof" title="Orange Kloof">Orange Kloof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain" title="Table Mountain">Table Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sentinel_(Hout_Bay)" title="The Sentinel (Hout Bay)">Sentinel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signal_Hill_(Cape_Town)" title="Signal Hill (Cape Town)">Signal Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Park</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boulders_Beach" title="Boulders Beach">Boulders Beach</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cape Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecilia,_Table_Mountain" title="Cecilia, Table Mountain">Cecilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands_Forest" title="Newlands Forest">Newlands Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvermine_Nature_Reserve" title="Silvermine Nature Reserve">Silvermine Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokai_Park" title="Tokai Park">Tokai Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_Aerial_Cableway" title="Table Mountain Aerial Cableway">Table Mountain Aerial Cableway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_Mountain_National_Park_Marine_Protected_Area" title="Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area">Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Parks" title="South African National Parks">South African National Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Floristic_Region" title="Cape Floristic Region">Cape Floristic Region</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748494#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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