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The model assumes that the mobility of capital tended to equalize the rate of profit between North and South, whilst land rents were minimized by an expanding... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77323114" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper outlines a classical-Marxian model of the antebellum US economy. The model assumes that the mobility of capital tended to equalize the rate of profit between North and South, whilst land rents were minimized by an expanding frontier. Under these conditions slave prices are the capitalized present value of the excess surplus value produced by slaves. This excess surplus value arose because slaves could be forced to work harder at a lower standard of subsistence than wage laborers, who were free to move between individual employers and also between sectors by farming frontier lands. If the growth of the slave population saturated the land available for slave production, land rents would rise to capture the excess surplus value produced by slaves, and slave prices would collapse. We find the model predicts historical movements of slave prices, and is compatible with contemporaneous views of the impact of territorial restriction on the viability of slavery.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77323114" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c17655102f26ff33870680a2cdfeefbf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84716691,"asset_id":77323114,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84716691/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="890647" href="https://umassonline.academia.edu/JohnClegg">John J Clegg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="890647" type="text/json">{"id":890647,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Clegg","domain_name":"umassonline","page_name":"JohnClegg","display_name":"John J Clegg","profile_url":"https://umassonline.academia.edu/JohnClegg?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/890647/325494/72808304/s65_john.clegg.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77323114 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77323114"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77323114, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77323114", }); 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The model assumes that the mobility of capital tended to equalize the rate of profit between North and South, whilst land rents were minimized by an expanding frontier. Under these conditions slave prices are the capitalized present value of the excess surplus value produced by slaves. This excess surplus value arose because slaves could be forced to work harder at a lower standard of subsistence than wage laborers, who were free to move between individual employers and also between sectors by farming frontier lands. If the growth of the slave population saturated the land available for slave production, land rents would rise to capture the excess surplus value produced by slaves, and slave prices would collapse. We find the model predicts historical movements of slave prices, and is compatible with contemporaneous views of the impact of territorial restriction on the viability of slavery.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84716691,"asset_id":77323114,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":890647,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Clegg","domain_name":"umassonline","page_name":"JohnClegg","display_name":"John J Clegg","profile_url":"https://umassonline.academia.edu/JohnClegg?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/890647/325494/72808304/s65_john.clegg.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":1698,"name":"Marxism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marxism?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6208,"name":"Economic Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Theory?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":7531,"name":"History of Capitalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Capitalism?f_ri=5432"},{"id":10428,"name":"Value Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Value_Theory?f_ri=5432"},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics?f_ri=5432"},{"id":41487,"name":"Classical Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Political_Economy?f_ri=5432"},{"id":1979357,"name":"Cambridge Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cambridge_Economics?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34530342" data-work_id="34530342" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34530342/Voting_with_Their_Arms_Civil_War_Military_Enlistments_and_the_Formation_of_West_Virginia_1861_1865">Voting with Their Arms Civil War Military Enlistments and the Formation of West Virginia, 1861–1865</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34530342" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="38babbf560756c89223b91f1b7eb44dd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54395468,"asset_id":34530342,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54395468/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9639" href="https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/ScottMacKenzie">Scott A MacKenzie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9639" type="text/json">{"id":9639,"first_name":"Scott","last_name":"MacKenzie","domain_name":"independentresearcher","page_name":"ScottMacKenzie","display_name":"Scott A MacKenzie","profile_url":"https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/ScottMacKenzie?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9639/12135859/73640151/s65_scott.mackenzie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34530342 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34530342"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34530342, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34530342", }); 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L'obiettivo è una prima ricostruzione dell'inserimento... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39795108" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il contributo affronta, tramite l'utilizzo di fonti archivistiche, il ruolo svolto dagli ebrei di Messina nel commercio degli schiavi in Sicilia tra tardomedioevo e prima età moderna. L'obiettivo è una prima ricostruzione dell'inserimento di alcuni componenti della comunità giudaica peloritana nel lucroso traffico di questa preziosa "merce umana" e dell'atteggiamento dell'aljama nei confronti di importanti problematiche come la redenzione degli ebrei ridotti in schiavitù.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39795108" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="04cbfe6456ea35a1fa5d4a663cbc6a19" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59981741,"asset_id":39795108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59981741/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11686901" href="https://unime.academia.edu/GiuseppeCampagna">Giuseppe Campagna</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11686901" type="text/json">{"id":11686901,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Campagna","domain_name":"unime","page_name":"GiuseppeCampagna","display_name":"Giuseppe Campagna","profile_url":"https://unime.academia.edu/GiuseppeCampagna?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11686901/3373125/35901928/s65_giuseppe.campagna.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39795108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39795108"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39795108, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39795108", }); 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L'obiettivo è una prima ricostruzione dell'inserimento di alcuni componenti della comunità giudaica peloritana nel lucroso traffico di questa preziosa \"merce umana\" e dell'atteggiamento dell'aljama nei confronti di importanti problematiche come la redenzione degli ebrei ridotti in schiavitù.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59981741,"asset_id":39795108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11686901,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Campagna","domain_name":"unime","page_name":"GiuseppeCampagna","display_name":"Giuseppe Campagna","profile_url":"https://unime.academia.edu/GiuseppeCampagna?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11686901/3373125/35901928/s65_giuseppe.campagna.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6627,"name":"Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6952,"name":"Mediterranean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean_Studies?f_ri=5432"},{"id":13954,"name":"History of the Jews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Jews?f_ri=5432"},{"id":15736,"name":"History of the Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Mediterranean?f_ri=5432"},{"id":18673,"name":"Economic history/Trade history/Oriental trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_history_Trade_history_Oriental_trade?f_ri=5432"},{"id":21671,"name":"Medieval Sicily","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Sicily?f_ri=5432"},{"id":21686,"name":"Sicily (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sicily_History_?f_ri=5432"},{"id":27841,"name":"Medieval Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":80854,"name":"Sicily","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sicily?f_ri=5432"},{"id":127637,"name":"History of slavery in the Mediterrenean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_slavery_in_the_Mediterrenean?f_ri=5432"},{"id":214592,"name":"Merchant Shipping/Maritime Economics/shipbuilding/Mediterranean/Shipowners/Maritime Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merchant_Shipping_Maritime_Economics_shipbuilding_Mediterranean_Shipowners_Maritime_Trade?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33119905" data-work_id="33119905" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33119905/The_Clearing_Divine_Paradox_in_Moby_Dick_and_Beloved">The Clearing: Divine Paradox in Moby-Dick and Beloved</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Though distant in subject, structure and narrative voice, these two novels, Herman Melville‘s Moby-Dick and Toni Morrison‘s Beloved, share unexpected common ground. Both are remarkable for their breathtaking poetic treatment of suffering,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33119905" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Though distant in subject, structure and narrative voice, these two novels, Herman Melville‘s Moby-Dick and Toni Morrison‘s Beloved, share unexpected common ground. Both are remarkable for their breathtaking poetic treatment of suffering, brutal exploitation and killing. Both weave their narrative fabric in the rich territory where the struggle for survival overlaps with a desperate will to break barriers. And both, somehow, amidst the carnage, create an opening through which reaches the presence of the divine.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33119905" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0705337a456ebffa0c95d292baeeb35b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53213566,"asset_id":33119905,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53213566/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26869760" href="https://pacifica.academia.edu/FeliciaChavez">Felicia Chavez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26869760" type="text/json">{"id":26869760,"first_name":"Felicia","last_name":"Chavez","domain_name":"pacifica","page_name":"FeliciaChavez","display_name":"Felicia Chavez","profile_url":"https://pacifica.academia.edu/FeliciaChavez?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/1cf0fb8e63b325ab299c0b69cac608ae?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33119905 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33119905"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33119905, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33119905", }); 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Both are remarkable for their breathtaking poetic treatment of suffering, brutal exploitation and killing. Both weave their narrative fabric in the rich territory where the struggle for survival overlaps with a desperate will to break barriers. 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Herman Melville","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moby-Dick._Herman_Melville?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67067875" data-work_id="67067875" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67067875/Understanding_Early_Marriage_and_Transactional_Sex_In_the_Context_of_Armed_Conflict_Protection_at_a_Price">Understanding Early Marriage and Transactional Sex In the Context of Armed Conflict: Protection at a Price</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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Hutchinson","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/AishaHutchinson?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8328943/11126928/32316792/s65_aisha.hutchinson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":310,"name":"Demography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Demography?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":1697,"name":"Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Violence?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6369,"name":"Human Trafficking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Trafficking?f_ri=5432"},{"id":15011,"name":"Sex Work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Work?f_ri=5432"},{"id":57912,"name":"Marriage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marriage?f_ri=5432"},{"id":67360,"name":"Crime","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crime?f_ri=5432"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=5432"},{"id":192721,"name":"Risk factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_factors?f_ri=5432"},{"id":226488,"name":"Vulnerable Populations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vulnerable_Populations?f_ri=5432"},{"id":313571,"name":"Armed Conflicts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armed_Conflicts?f_ri=5432"},{"id":349502,"name":"Coercion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coercion?f_ri=5432"},{"id":620049,"name":"Risk Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Factors-1?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49861179" data-work_id="49861179" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49861179/_The_Unknown_Painter_Antislavery_Fiction_and_Zombies">"The Unknown Painter," Antislavery Fiction, and Zombies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"The Unknown Painter" is an antislavery short story that first appeared in the mid-1830s. Its author, original place of publication, and date remain undetermined. It concerns the Spanish artist Bartoleme Esteban Murillo and his black... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49861179" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"The Unknown Painter" is an antislavery short story that first appeared in the mid-1830s.  Its author, original place of publication, and date remain undetermined.  It concerns the Spanish artist Bartoleme Esteban Murillo and his black slave, the painter Sebastian Gomez.  This paper analyzes the nineteenth-century publication history of the story, its translation, and the ideologies of its revisions and republications.  The analysis pays particular attention to racial content, its revision in Frederick Douglass' Paper, the zombie sub-theme, and translations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49861179" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0ff1fa4124120c97de0b7952befb68a5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87808862,"asset_id":49861179,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87808862/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="291830" href="https://asu.academia.edu/JoeLockard">Joe Lockard</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="291830" type="text/json">{"id":291830,"first_name":"Joe","last_name":"Lockard","domain_name":"asu","page_name":"JoeLockard","display_name":"Joe Lockard","profile_url":"https://asu.academia.edu/JoeLockard?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/291830/71969/35441286/s65_joe.lockard.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49861179 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49861179"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49861179, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49861179", }); 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Its author, original place of publication, and date remain undetermined. It concerns the Spanish artist Bartoleme Esteban Murillo and his black slave, the painter Sebastian Gomez. This paper analyzes the nineteenth-century publication history of the story, its translation, and the ideologies of its revisions and republications. The analysis pays particular attention to racial content, its revision in Frederick Douglass' Paper, the zombie sub-theme, and translations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87808862,"asset_id":49861179,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":291830,"first_name":"Joe","last_name":"Lockard","domain_name":"asu","page_name":"JoeLockard","display_name":"Joe Lockard","profile_url":"https://asu.academia.edu/JoeLockard?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/291830/71969/35441286/s65_joe.lockard.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1186,"name":"Translation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":23577,"name":"Short story (Literature)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Short_story_Literature_?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":23760,"name":"Translation and literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation_and_literature?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":27626,"name":"Frederick Douglass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frederick_Douglass?f_ri=5432"},{"id":30347,"name":"Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Translation?f_ri=5432"},{"id":60379,"name":"Zombies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zombies?f_ri=5432"},{"id":70129,"name":"Short story","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Short_story?f_ri=5432"},{"id":160390,"name":"Antislavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antislavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":433229,"name":"BArtolomé Esteban Murillo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BArtolome_Esteban_Murillo?f_ri=5432"},{"id":501873,"name":"Zombie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zombie?f_ri=5432"},{"id":535275,"name":"Zombie Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zombie_Studies?f_ri=5432"},{"id":979072,"name":"Antislavery Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antislavery_Literature?f_ri=5432"},{"id":1238116,"name":"Short Story Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Short_Story_Analysis?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32968443" data-work_id="32968443" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32968443/American_Conjure_African_Magic_Among_American_Slaves">American Conjure: African Magic Among American Slaves</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Historiographical paper on use of African magical practice among slaves in the Americas.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li 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","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53092129,"asset_id":32968443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45738026,"first_name":"Jeffrey","last_name":"Glossner","domain_name":"olemiss","page_name":"JeffreyGlossner","display_name":"Jeffrey Glossner","profile_url":"https://olemiss.academia.edu/JeffreyGlossner?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45738026/12123082/108236082/s65_jeffrey.glossner.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":3870,"name":"African Diaspora Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5408,"name":"Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Magic?f_ri=5432"},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":22348,"name":"Witchcraft (Anthropology Of Religion)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Witchcraft_Anthropology_Of_Religion_?f_ri=5432"},{"id":27533,"name":"Atlantic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_history?f_ri=5432"},{"id":644612,"name":"Middle passage and Black Atlantic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_passage_and_Black_Atlantic_Studies?f_ri=5432"},{"id":779251,"name":"Slavery and Slave Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery_and_Slave_Resistance?f_ri=5432"},{"id":969057,"name":"Conjure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conjure?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4258609" data-work_id="4258609" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4258609/Slave_trade_and_slavery_on_the_Swahili_Coast_1500_1750_">Slave trade and slavery on the Swahili Coast (1500-1750)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4258609" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="096488aee81b1f6d3069239bf28af7f7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31735270,"asset_id":4258609,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31735270/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5160233" href="https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/ThomasVernet">Thomas Vernet</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5160233" type="text/json">{"id":5160233,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Vernet","domain_name":"univ-paris1","page_name":"ThomasVernet","display_name":"Thomas Vernet","profile_url":"https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/ThomasVernet?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5160233/2268859/2651552/s65_thomas.vernet.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4258609 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4258609"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4258609, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4258609", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4258609]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4258609").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4258609").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4258609"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13017" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade">Slave Trade</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13017" type="text/json">{"id":13017,"name":"Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13631" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swahili">Swahili</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13631" type="text/json">{"id":13631,"name":"Swahili","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swahili?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123251" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Madagascar">History of Madagascar</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="123251" type="text/json">{"id":123251,"name":"History of Madagascar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Madagascar?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4258609]'), work: {"id":4258609,"title":"Slave trade and slavery on the Swahili Coast (1500-1750)","created_at":"2013-08-16T22:25:50.261-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4258609/Slave_trade_and_slavery_on_the_Swahili_Coast_1500_1750_?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_4258609","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31735270,"asset_id":4258609,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5160233,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Vernet","domain_name":"univ-paris1","page_name":"ThomasVernet","display_name":"Thomas Vernet","profile_url":"https://univ-paris1.academia.edu/ThomasVernet?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5160233/2268859/2651552/s65_thomas.vernet.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":13017,"name":"Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slave_Trade?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":13631,"name":"Swahili","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swahili?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":123251,"name":"History of Madagascar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Madagascar?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":150387,"name":"Swahili Coast","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swahili_Coast?f_ri=5432"},{"id":508669,"name":"Comoros","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comoros?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10928187" data-work_id="10928187" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10928187/Hallowed_Ground_Sacred_Place_The_Slave_Cemetery_At_George_Washington_s_Mount_Vernon_And_The_Cultural_Landscapes_Of_The_Enslaved">Hallowed Ground, Sacred Place: The Slave Cemetery At George Washington’s Mount Vernon And The Cultural Landscapes Of The Enslaved </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This thesis focuses on the archaeological study of the Slave Cemetery at George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Here, methodological and theoretical principles are utilized to study the area that many enslaved workers call their final resting... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10928187" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This thesis focuses on the archaeological study of the Slave Cemetery at George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Here, methodological and theoretical principles are utilized to study the area that many enslaved workers call their final resting place. Through the use of this space, it is hypothesized that Mount Vernon’s enslaved community practiced distinct traditions, instilling in that spot a sense of place, and reinforcing their individual and communal human identities. This thesis will also investigate the cemetery within its broader regional and cultural contexts, to attain a better understanding of the death rituals and culturally resistant activates that slaves at Mount Vernon used in their day-to-day battle against the system that held them in bondage.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10928187" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="515c7d73f9e481b33c717bcef1ca3a99" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36694178,"asset_id":10928187,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36694178/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4741553" href="https://gwu.academia.edu/JoeDowner">Joe Downer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4741553" type="text/json">{"id":4741553,"first_name":"Joe","last_name":"Downer","domain_name":"gwu","page_name":"JoeDowner","display_name":"Joe Downer","profile_url":"https://gwu.academia.edu/JoeDowner?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4741553/2008549/83086765/s65_joe.downer.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10928187 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10928187"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10928187, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10928187", }); 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Here, methodological and theoretical principles are utilized to study the area that many enslaved workers call their final resting place. Through the use of this space, it is hypothesized that Mount Vernon’s enslaved community practiced distinct traditions, instilling in that spot a sense of place, and reinforcing their individual and communal human identities. This thesis will also investigate the cemetery within its broader regional and cultural contexts, to attain a better understanding of the death rituals and culturally resistant activates that slaves at Mount Vernon used in their day-to-day battle against the system that held them in bondage. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36694178,"asset_id":10928187,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4741553,"first_name":"Joe","last_name":"Downer","domain_name":"gwu","page_name":"JoeDowner","display_name":"Joe Downer","profile_url":"https://gwu.academia.edu/JoeDowner?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4741553/2008549/83086765/s65_joe.downer.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":958,"name":"Historical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":13497,"name":"African American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":142584,"name":"Cemeteries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cemeteries?f_ri=5432"},{"id":419568,"name":"Cemetery archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cemetery_archaeology?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8773085" data-work_id="8773085" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8773085/Slavery_in_Biblical_Times">Slavery in Biblical Times</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8773085" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1ae320b59f92efba94886bc11d0b7007" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35125287,"asset_id":8773085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35125287/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8741904" href="https://sbts.academia.edu/StephenDeKuyper">Stephen DeKuyper</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8741904" type="text/json">{"id":8741904,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"DeKuyper","domain_name":"sbts","page_name":"StephenDeKuyper","display_name":"Stephen DeKuyper","profile_url":"https://sbts.academia.edu/StephenDeKuyper?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8741904/2893553/3505180/s65_stephen.dekuyper.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8773085 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8773085"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8773085, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8773085", }); 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Doğum Yılı. 50. Akademik Yılı, ed. Emine Uyumaz et alii, İstanbul 2013, 451-460.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4003972" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="befa4369ed257d0ddb33c6d4f6674065" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31553817,"asset_id":4003972,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31553817/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2432467" href="https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/FeritBaz">Ferit Baz</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2432467" type="text/json">{"id":2432467,"first_name":"Ferit","last_name":"Baz","domain_name":"mimarsinan","page_name":"FeritBaz","display_name":"Ferit Baz","profile_url":"https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/FeritBaz?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2432467/2053660/19644377/s65_ferit.baz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4003972 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4003972"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4003972, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4003972", }); 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Emine Uyumaz et alii, İstanbul 2013, 451-460.","created_at":"2013-07-11T06:24:49.411-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4003972/_Augustus_D%C3%B6nemine_Ait_Aelia_Sentia_Yasas%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_I%C3%A7eri%C4%9Fi_ve_Hangi_Ama%C3%A7lar_Do%C4%9Frultusunda_%C3%87%C4%B1kart%C4%B1ld%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1na_Iliskin_D%C3%BCs%C3%BCnceler_%C5%9Fu_eserde_Prof_Dr_Erdo%C4%9Fan_Mer%C3%A7ile_Arma%C4%9Fan_75_Do%C4%9Fum_Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1_50_Akademik_Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1_ed_Emine_Uyumaz_et_alii_%C4%B0stanbul_2013_451_460?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_4003972","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31553817,"asset_id":4003972,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2432467,"first_name":"Ferit","last_name":"Baz","domain_name":"mimarsinan","page_name":"FeritBaz","display_name":"Ferit Baz","profile_url":"https://mimarsinan.academia.edu/FeritBaz?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2432467/2053660/19644377/s65_ferit.baz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":4134,"name":"Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Law?f_ri=5432"},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":16083,"name":"European Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Legal_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":21620,"name":"Roman social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_history?f_ri=5432"},{"id":23864,"name":"Augustan Principate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustan_Principate?f_ri=5432"},{"id":48393,"name":"Augustus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustus?f_ri=5432"},{"id":50059,"name":"Roman social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=5432"},{"id":55108,"name":"The Early Principate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Early_Principate?f_ri=5432"},{"id":95692,"name":"Roman law, ancient legal history, ancient history, documentary papyri, Latin legal documents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_law_ancient_legal_history_ancient_history_documentary_papyri_Latin_legal_documents?f_ri=5432"},{"id":757568,"name":"Freedmen of Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Freedmen_of_Imperial_Rome?f_ri=5432"},{"id":965797,"name":"Social History of Roman Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_of_Roman_Law?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36903815" data-work_id="36903815" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36903815/De_volta_ao_complexo_cafeeiro_dimens%C3%B5es_da_demografia_da_escravid%C3%A3o_no_centro_do_Imp%C3%A9rio">De volta ao complexo cafeeiro... dimensões da demografia da escravidão no centro do Império</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">No texto que segue, buscaremos problematizar a análise das grandes propriedades escravistas integradas à economia oitocentista, especialmente àquelas do complexo cafeeiro, estruturado ao longo do Vale do Paraíba entre o sul do Rio de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36903815" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">No texto que segue, buscaremos problematizar a análise das grandes propriedades escravistas integradas à economia oitocentista, especialmente àquelas do complexo cafeeiro, estruturado ao longo do Vale do Paraíba entre o sul do Rio de Janeiro e o norte de São Paulo. Para tanto, inicialmente, evidenciaremos uma breve síntese do consenso produzido na historiografia sobre o perfil demográfico da escravidão no Brasil, sobretudo, nas províncias que acolheram a grande lavoura. Em seguida, resguardado o consenso, passaremos a sugerir o retorno à análise dos espaços tidos como zonas de agro exportação, na penumbra nas últimas décadas, posto à sombra justamente no combate a ideia de que o Brasil, fosse no período colonial ou imperial, sintetizava-se na face da plantation.  Efetivamente, voltaremos à grande lavoura cafeeira problematizando a força da escravidão naquele espaço no oitocentos, destacando a concentração da propriedade escrava lastreada em poucos complexos de fazendas familiares constituídos pelos potentados do café a partir dos anos de 1820. Vale dizer, nesse sentido, que a constituição desses espaços, integrados à reestruturação da economia mundial capitalista, reatualizou a escravidão nas zonas economicamente mais dinâmicas do Império do Brasil, transformando seu perfil, reabrindo o tráfico de africanos em escala nacional e alargando a sobrevida da própria escravidão nacional.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36903815" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b7265d6fa08db998e3b1d6347708b89b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56855386,"asset_id":36903815,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56855386/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42716390" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ThiagoCampos19">Thiago Campos</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42716390" type="text/json">{"id":42716390,"first_name":"Thiago","last_name":"Campos","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThiagoCampos19","display_name":"Thiago Campos","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThiagoCampos19?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42716390/38677870/32275148/s65_thiago.campos.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36903815 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36903815"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36903815, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36903815", }); 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Para tanto, inicialmente, evidenciaremos uma breve síntese do consenso produzido na historiografia sobre o perfil demográfico da escravidão no Brasil, sobretudo, nas províncias que acolheram a grande lavoura. Em seguida, resguardado o consenso, passaremos a sugerir o retorno à análise dos espaços tidos como zonas de agro exportação, na penumbra nas últimas décadas, posto à sombra justamente no combate a ideia de que o Brasil, fosse no período colonial ou imperial, sintetizava-se na face da plantation. Efetivamente, voltaremos à grande lavoura cafeeira problematizando a força da escravidão naquele espaço no oitocentos, destacando a concentração da propriedade escrava lastreada em poucos complexos de fazendas familiares constituídos pelos potentados do café a partir dos anos de 1820. Vale dizer, nesse sentido, que a constituição desses espaços, integrados à reestruturação da economia mundial capitalista, reatualizou a escravidão nas zonas economicamente mais dinâmicas do Império do Brasil, transformando seu perfil, reabrindo o tráfico de africanos em escala nacional e alargando a sobrevida da própria escravidão nacional.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56855386,"asset_id":36903815,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42716390,"first_name":"Thiago","last_name":"Campos","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThiagoCampos19","display_name":"Thiago Campos","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThiagoCampos19?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42716390/38677870/32275148/s65_thiago.campos.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34192691" data-work_id="34192691" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34192691/Abbasi_Halifeleri_ile_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Sel%C3%A7uklu_Sultanlar%C4%B1_Aras%C4%B1ndaki_M%C3%BCnasebetler_pdf">Abbasi Halifeleri ile Büyük Selçuklu Sultanları Arasındaki Münasebetler.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRACT In the period,The Abbasid Government became weak,lost its’ lands and a lost of states began to appear over the lands of the Caliphate.The biggest of these states is The Great Saljuq Government. The Abbasid Caliph Kaim Biemrillah,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34192691" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT<br />In the period,The Abbasid Government became weak,lost its’ lands and a lost of states began to appear over the lands of the Caliphate.The biggest of these states is The Great Saljuq Government.<br />The Abbasid Caliph Kaim Biemrillah, became o doll in the hands of the Buwaihid Sultan.Hedidn’t have any power.He invited Tughril Beg to Baghdad who became a dominating authority<br />in the east.Upon this invitation Sultan Tughril who entered Baghdad in 447/1055 was welcomed enthusiastically by the caliph.The Caliph called him as “The Sultan of the East and West.” Tughril Beg took over the political authority of the caliph. The Caliph was only left as a religious chief.This event continued also in the following Saljuq Sultan’s period.<br />After the death of Sultan Malikshah,a throne struggle between the brothers was seen and as a result of this the caliphs set about an independence struggle against the Saljuqs.In the time of Sultan Sencer, The Great Saljuqs Government tried to pack up itself, but with the death of him, the state collapsed. The Saljuqs opened educational institutions called the Nizamiya Madrasas in Baghdad and so contributed to the cultural life of the region.Moreover in these institutions they taught the sunnite ideology, spread it and tried to put aside the danger of Shiism in<br />that period with scientific ways. The Saljuq Sultans gave an importance for making relatives by marrying the daughters of the caliphs or giving them their own daughters. After The Saljuqs became dominant over Baghdad,the commercial and economical life in Baghdad became active.In this,the caravan trade made with Middle Asia,has an important<br />place.But we must at once explain that,what we expressed as economical relationships couldn’t obtain Iraq’s especially Bagdad’s development.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34192691" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="eb33ae172f8c1c505d98786142a68958" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54109946,"asset_id":34192691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54109946/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9299017" href="https://kastamonu.academia.edu/ProfDrMehmetNadir%C3%96ZDEM%C4%B0R">Prof. Dr. Mehmet Nadir ÖZDEMİR</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9299017" type="text/json">{"id":9299017,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Mehmet Nadir","last_name":"ÖZDEMİR","domain_name":"kastamonu","page_name":"ProfDrMehmetNadirÖZDEMİR","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Mehmet Nadir ÖZDEMİR","profile_url":"https://kastamonu.academia.edu/ProfDrMehmetNadir%C3%96ZDEM%C4%B0R?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9299017/3919497/136466038/s65_prof._dr._mehmet_nadir._zdemi_r.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34192691 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34192691"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34192691, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34192691", }); 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The Caliph was only left as a religious chief.This event continued also in the following Saljuq Sultan’s period.\nAfter the death of Sultan Malikshah,a throne struggle between the brothers was seen and as a result of this the caliphs set about an independence struggle against the Saljuqs.In the time of Sultan Sencer, The Great Saljuqs Government tried to pack up itself, but with the death of him, the state collapsed. The Saljuqs opened educational institutions called the Nizamiya Madrasas in Baghdad and so contributed to the cultural life of the region.Moreover in these institutions they taught the sunnite ideology, spread it and tried to put aside the danger of Shiism in\nthat period with scientific ways. The Saljuq Sultans gave an importance for making relatives by marrying the daughters of the caliphs or giving them their own daughters. After The Saljuqs became dominant over Baghdad,the commercial and economical life in Baghdad became active.In this,the caravan trade made with Middle Asia,has an important\nplace.But we must at once explain that,what we expressed as economical relationships couldn’t obtain Iraq’s especially Bagdad’s development.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54109946,"asset_id":34192691,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9299017,"first_name":"Prof. Dr. Mehmet Nadir","last_name":"ÖZDEMİR","domain_name":"kastamonu","page_name":"ProfDrMehmetNadirÖZDEMİR","display_name":"Prof. Dr. Mehmet Nadir ÖZDEMİR","profile_url":"https://kastamonu.academia.edu/ProfDrMehmetNadir%C3%96ZDEM%C4%B0R?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9299017/3919497/136466038/s65_prof._dr._mehmet_nadir._zdemi_r.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2592,"name":"Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":14243,"name":"History of Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Economics?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":975236,"name":"Medieval Turkish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Turkish_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":1009113,"name":"Methodology of History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methodology_of_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":2765415,"name":"Sirah and Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sirah_and_Islamic_History?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4316760" data-work_id="4316760" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4316760/_Slavery_in_the_Spanish_Philippines_by_W_H_Scott">“Slavery in the Spanish Philippines”, by W.H. Scott</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4316760" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="82558e32079eb8b34b4a36e3a37d87d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58348303,"asset_id":4316760,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58348303/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5205263" href="https://nus.academia.edu/PeterBorschberg">Peter Borschberg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5205263" type="text/json">{"id":5205263,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Borschberg","domain_name":"nus","page_name":"PeterBorschberg","display_name":"Peter Borschberg","profile_url":"https://nus.academia.edu/PeterBorschberg?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5205263/2293146/36384048/s65_peter.borschberg.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4316760 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4316760"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4316760, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4316760", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4316760]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4316760").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4316760").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4316760"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">60</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History">Economic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="137" type="text/json">{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4316760]'), work: {"id":4316760,"title":"“Slavery in the Spanish Philippines”, by W.H. 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By Paul D. Naish.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Review of Slavery and Silence: Latin America and the U.S. Slave Debate by Paul D. 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Españoles de ambos hemisferios</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A study on race and slavery in the Spanish Constitution of 1812 based on unpublished sources, taking into account the question of slave traffic and the 'peculiar institution' in metropolitan Spain.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/56235457" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="629f8903e89e75a8a72d081806c4dd90" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71721022,"asset_id":56235457,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71721022/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31499763" href="https://uhu.academia.edu/CarlosPetit">Carlos Petit</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31499763" type="text/json">{"id":31499763,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Petit","domain_name":"uhu","page_name":"CarlosPetit","display_name":"Carlos Petit","profile_url":"https://uhu.academia.edu/CarlosPetit?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31499763/9306511/10373220/s65_carlos.petit.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_56235457 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="56235457"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 56235457, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_56235457", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56235457]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_56235457").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_56235457").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="56235457"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3772" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History">Legal History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3772" type="text/json">{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36635" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_History_of_Spain">Contemporary History of Spain</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="36635" type="text/json">{"id":36635,"name":"Contemporary History of Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_History_of_Spain?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="553614" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Constitution_of_1812">Spanish Constitution of 1812</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="553614" type="text/json">{"id":553614,"name":"Spanish Constitution of 1812","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Constitution_of_1812?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=56235457]'), work: {"id":56235457,"title":"Negros y mulatos. Españoles de ambos hemisferios","created_at":"2021-10-07T02:49:59.288-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/56235457/Negros_y_mulatos_Espa%C3%B1oles_de_ambos_hemisferios?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_56235457","summary":"A study on race and slavery in the Spanish Constitution of 1812 based on unpublished sources, taking into account the question of slave traffic and the 'peculiar institution' in metropolitan Spain.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71721022,"asset_id":56235457,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31499763,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Petit","domain_name":"uhu","page_name":"CarlosPetit","display_name":"Carlos Petit","profile_url":"https://uhu.academia.edu/CarlosPetit?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31499763/9306511/10373220/s65_carlos.petit.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":36635,"name":"Contemporary History of Spain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_History_of_Spain?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":553614,"name":"Spanish Constitution of 1812","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Constitution_of_1812?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":553631,"name":"Historia constitucional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_constitucional-1?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79958660" data-work_id="79958660" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79958660/The_Ever_Evolving_Historiography_of_the_American_Civil_War">The Ever-Evolving Historiography of the American Civil War</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Historiography plays a vital factor in the collective memory of events throughout history. Classrooms across America discuss multiple factors surrounding the antebellum period, military conflict, and the postwar debate over rebuilding and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_79958660" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Historiography plays a vital factor in the collective memory of events throughout history. Classrooms across America discuss multiple factors surrounding the antebellum period, military conflict, and the postwar debate over rebuilding and re-entering southern states. The scholarship of historical events surrounding the Civil War creates a dialogue for future generations to analyze the portrayal of historical events. The American Civil War documentation is no different in how it created a memory of the events from 1861-1865. Much of the Civil War's historiography focuses on the causes of the Civil War and the effectiveness of Reconstruction. Historians have analyzed and critiqued this event for its political, social, religious, legal, cultural, medical, and military influence in the field of history. Interest in the Civil War has not lost its luster throughout history, and the field is continually expanding with new and exciting archival research interests for all historians in this much-documented field.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79958660" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2ec37abb27ed9292f1ef8209d7f9db8f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86499666,"asset_id":79958660,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86499666/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="161935531" href="https://unk.academia.edu/BrandonEldridge">Brandon Eldridge</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="161935531" type="text/json">{"id":161935531,"first_name":"Brandon","last_name":"Eldridge","domain_name":"unk","page_name":"BrandonEldridge","display_name":"Brandon Eldridge","profile_url":"https://unk.academia.edu/BrandonEldridge?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/1d58e13fecc3ea6cce46ce0509c628b2?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79958660 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79958660"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79958660, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79958660", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79958660]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79958660").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79958660").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79958660"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13080" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Civil_War">American Civil War</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13080" type="text/json">{"id":13080,"name":"American Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Civil_War?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19089" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States_History">United States History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19089" type="text/json">{"id":19089,"name":"United States History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39946" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military">Military</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="39946" type="text/json">{"id":39946,"name":"Military","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79958660]'), work: {"id":79958660,"title":"The Ever-Evolving Historiography of the American Civil War","created_at":"2022-05-26T03:37:21.049-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79958660/The_Ever_Evolving_Historiography_of_the_American_Civil_War?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_79958660","summary":"Historiography plays a vital factor in the collective memory of events throughout history. Classrooms across America discuss multiple factors surrounding the antebellum period, military conflict, and the postwar debate over rebuilding and re-entering southern states. The scholarship of historical events surrounding the Civil War creates a dialogue for future generations to analyze the portrayal of historical events. The American Civil War documentation is no different in how it created a memory of the events from 1861-1865. Much of the Civil War's historiography focuses on the causes of the Civil War and the effectiveness of Reconstruction. Historians have analyzed and critiqued this event for its political, social, religious, legal, cultural, medical, and military influence in the field of history. Interest in the Civil War has not lost its luster throughout history, and the field is continually expanding with new and exciting archival research interests for all historians in this much-documented field.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86499666,"asset_id":79958660,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":161935531,"first_name":"Brandon","last_name":"Eldridge","domain_name":"unk","page_name":"BrandonEldridge","display_name":"Brandon Eldridge","profile_url":"https://unk.academia.edu/BrandonEldridge?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/1d58e13fecc3ea6cce46ce0509c628b2?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":13080,"name":"American Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Civil_War?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":19089,"name":"United States History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":39946,"name":"Military","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":240812,"name":"South","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South?f_ri=5432"},{"id":621877,"name":"Lincoln","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lincoln?f_ri=5432"},{"id":815072,"name":"Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Union?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45061341" data-work_id="45061341" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45061341/Faire_monde_aujourdhui_Subjectivit%C3%A9_m%C3%A9lancolie_cr%C3%A9ation_Heinrich_von_Kleist_Toni_Morrison_Sony_Labou_Tansi_Jeff_Nichols">Faire monde aujourd'hui. Subjectivité, mélancolie, création. Heinrich von Kleist - Toni Morrison - Sony Labou Tansi - Jeff Nichols</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">À mi-chemin entre philosophie morale et métaphysique de la liberté, cet essai se propose de méditer la possibilité d’une « éthique de la conviction » pour notre temps, et de réinventer ses coordonnées en la liant de manière indissoluble à... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45061341" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">À mi-chemin entre philosophie morale et métaphysique de la liberté, cet essai se propose de méditer la possibilité d’une « éthique de la conviction » pour notre temps, et de réinventer ses coordonnées en la liant de manière indissoluble à la question du « monde ». Plaidant pour un universalisme de la réécriture et de la traduction perpétuelles, la réflexion menée dans ces pages utilise les ressorts de la fiction et de la narration, mobilise les mémoires de l’esclavage et du colonialisme, et investit la thématique de la catastrophe, afin de restituer au sujet moral une puissance d’invention et de création dans et pour le monde commun, là-même où le premier fait l’épreuve mélancolique d’une perte de sens abyssale. Tout au long d’un parcours exigeant qui nous entraine de la philosophie kantienne et fichtéenne au cinéma dramatique de Jeff Nichols, en passant par la tragédie de Heinrich von Kleist, le roman lyrique de Toni Morrison et le roman grotesque de Sony Labou Tansi, l’essai cartographie à nouveaux frais l’expérience vécue, pathique, d’une volonté inconditionnelle, et à proprement parler « folle », de liberté dans et pour un monde en droit habitable et partageable. Il situe son enquête – et ses propositions – dans l’aller-retour entre la liberté problématique, voire catastrophique, du sujet, et l’horizon indéterminé du monde, sous la menace constante de l’aliénation ou même de la privation de l’une et de l’autre.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45061341" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4def32d5f88b8af3be72a14dfdee1e9a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65616544,"asset_id":45061341,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65616544/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3505152" href="https://umontreal.academia.edu/AugustinDumont">Augustin Dumont</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3505152" type="text/json">{"id":3505152,"first_name":"Augustin","last_name":"Dumont","domain_name":"umontreal","page_name":"AugustinDumont","display_name":"Augustin Dumont","profile_url":"https://umontreal.academia.edu/AugustinDumont?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3505152/1212993/2595779/s65_augustin.dumont.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45061341 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45061341"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45061341, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45061341", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45061341 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45061341; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45061341"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45061341 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45061341"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45061341; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45061341]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45061341").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45061341").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45061341"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="803" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy">Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="803" type="text/json">{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5289" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Literature">Philosophy of Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5289" type="text/json">{"id":5289,"name":"Philosophy of Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Literature?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45061341]'), work: {"id":45061341,"title":"Faire monde aujourd'hui. Subjectivité, mélancolie, création. Heinrich von Kleist - Toni Morrison - Sony Labou Tansi - Jeff Nichols","created_at":"2021-02-05T11:19:18.567-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45061341/Faire_monde_aujourdhui_Subjectivit%C3%A9_m%C3%A9lancolie_cr%C3%A9ation_Heinrich_von_Kleist_Toni_Morrison_Sony_Labou_Tansi_Jeff_Nichols?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_45061341","summary":"À mi-chemin entre philosophie morale et métaphysique de la liberté, cet essai se propose de méditer la possibilité d’une « éthique de la conviction » pour notre temps, et de réinventer ses coordonnées en la liant de manière indissoluble à la question du « monde ». Plaidant pour un universalisme de la réécriture et de la traduction perpétuelles, la réflexion menée dans ces pages utilise les ressorts de la fiction et de la narration, mobilise les mémoires de l’esclavage et du colonialisme, et investit la thématique de la catastrophe, afin de restituer au sujet moral une puissance d’invention et de création dans et pour le monde commun, là-même où le premier fait l’épreuve mélancolique d’une perte de sens abyssale. Tout au long d’un parcours exigeant qui nous entraine de la philosophie kantienne et fichtéenne au cinéma dramatique de Jeff Nichols, en passant par la tragédie de Heinrich von Kleist, le roman lyrique de Toni Morrison et le roman grotesque de Sony Labou Tansi, l’essai cartographie à nouveaux frais l’expérience vécue, pathique, d’une volonté inconditionnelle, et à proprement parler « folle », de liberté dans et pour un monde en droit habitable et partageable. Il situe son enquête – et ses propositions – dans l’aller-retour entre la liberté problématique, voire catastrophique, du sujet, et l’horizon indéterminé du monde, sous la menace constante de l’aliénation ou même de la privation de l’une et de l’autre. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65616544,"asset_id":45061341,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3505152,"first_name":"Augustin","last_name":"Dumont","domain_name":"umontreal","page_name":"AugustinDumont","display_name":"Augustin Dumont","profile_url":"https://umontreal.academia.edu/AugustinDumont?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3505152/1212993/2595779/s65_augustin.dumont.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5289,"name":"Philosophy of Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Literature?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6461,"name":"Heinrich von Kleist","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heinrich_von_Kleist?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=5432"},{"id":9405,"name":"Post-Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Colonialism?f_ri=5432"},{"id":10270,"name":"Johann Gottlieb Fichte","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte?f_ri=5432"},{"id":10758,"name":"Modernity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modernity?f_ri=5432"},{"id":16031,"name":"Immanuel Kant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immanuel_Kant?f_ri=5432"},{"id":18373,"name":"Moral Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral_Philosophy?f_ri=5432"},{"id":19820,"name":"Literature and Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Philosophy-20?f_ri=5432"},{"id":25688,"name":"Post-Colonial Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Colonial_Literature?f_ri=5432"},{"id":30065,"name":"Toni Morrison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toni_Morrison?f_ri=5432"},{"id":899923,"name":"Sony Labou Tansi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sony_Labou_Tansi?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34566851" data-work_id="34566851" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34566851/Figures_identitaires_cr%C3%A9oles_et_patrimoine_%C3%A0_lIle_Maurice_Une_montagne_en_jeu">Figures identitaires créoles et patrimoine à l'Ile Maurice. Une montagne en jeu</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A Mountain at Stake: Creole Identity and Heritage on Mauritius The process of « patrimonialisation » of Le Morne Brabant on Mauritius indicates the marginal situation of Creoles in a country marked by the persistence of classificatory... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34566851" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A Mountain at Stake: Creole Identity and Heritage on Mauritius<br />The process of « patrimonialisation » of Le Morne Brabant on Mauritius indicates the marginal situation of Creoles in a country marked by the persistence of classificatory categories deriving from colonialism and by a multicultural ideology that contributes to the compartmentalisation and isolation the island’s communities from each other. On 1 February 2005, Le Morne was for the first time officially the theatre of the commemoration of the abolition of slavery on Mauritius. This text reveals a process of ethnicisation of the actors involved in this celebration. The analysis of this ‘site of memory’ examines, on the one hand, the power struggle at work in the construction of Creole identity and of its legitimacy. On the other hand, it shows the plurality of possible identifications with Africa and with slavery for Mauritian Creoles. <br />Keywords: Mauritius, heritage, Creole identity, multiculturalism, object of memory, slavery.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34566851" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2293beb05e7bfadc8353c63160642e18" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54432334,"asset_id":34566851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54432334/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68258947" href="https://unil.academia.edu/SandraCarmignani">Sandra Carmignani</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68258947" type="text/json">{"id":68258947,"first_name":"Sandra","last_name":"Carmignani","domain_name":"unil","page_name":"SandraCarmignani","display_name":"Sandra Carmignani","profile_url":"https://unil.academia.edu/SandraCarmignani?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68258947/17727368/17761125/s65_sandra.carmignani.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34566851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34566851"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34566851, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34566851", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34566851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34566851; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34566851"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34566851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34566851"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34566851; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34566851]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34566851").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34566851").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34566851"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="898" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiculturalism">Multiculturalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="898" type="text/json">{"id":898,"name":"Multiculturalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiculturalism?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2132" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage">Cultural Heritage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2132" type="text/json">{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3499" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology">Social and Cultural Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3499" type="text/json">{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34566851]'), work: {"id":34566851,"title":"Figures identitaires créoles et patrimoine à l'Ile Maurice. Une montagne en jeu","created_at":"2017-09-14T05:50:09.595-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34566851/Figures_identitaires_cr%C3%A9oles_et_patrimoine_%C3%A0_lIle_Maurice_Une_montagne_en_jeu?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_34566851","summary":"A Mountain at Stake: Creole Identity and Heritage on Mauritius\nThe process of « patrimonialisation » of Le Morne Brabant on Mauritius indicates the marginal situation of Creoles in a country marked by the persistence of classificatory categories deriving from colonialism and by a multicultural ideology that contributes to the compartmentalisation and isolation the island’s communities from each other. On 1 February 2005, Le Morne was for the first time officially the theatre of the commemoration of the abolition of slavery on Mauritius. This text reveals a process of ethnicisation of the actors involved in this celebration. The analysis of this ‘site of memory’ examines, on the one hand, the power struggle at work in the construction of Creole identity and of its legitimacy. On the other hand, it shows the plurality of possible identifications with Africa and with slavery for Mauritian Creoles. \nKeywords: Mauritius, heritage, Creole identity, multiculturalism, object of memory, slavery.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54432334,"asset_id":34566851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":68258947,"first_name":"Sandra","last_name":"Carmignani","domain_name":"unil","page_name":"SandraCarmignani","display_name":"Sandra Carmignani","profile_url":"https://unil.academia.edu/SandraCarmignani?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68258947/17727368/17761125/s65_sandra.carmignani.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":898,"name":"Multiculturalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiculturalism?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":12644,"name":"Commemoration and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commemoration_and_Memory?f_ri=5432"},{"id":19755,"name":"World Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=5432"},{"id":69219,"name":"Mauritius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mauritius?f_ri=5432"},{"id":388001,"name":"Creole","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creole?f_ri=5432"},{"id":986706,"name":"Patrimoine Mondial (Culturel Et Naturel)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patrimoine_Mondial_Culturel_Et_Naturel_?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39288442" data-work_id="39288442" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39288442/Review_of_Monteiros_Indigenous_Slavery_in_colonial_Brazil">Review of Monteiro's Indigenous Slavery in colonial Brazil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Indigenous slavery in the Americas was the driving engine of New World colonization everywhere, from Nova Scotia to Tierra de Fuego. A massive trade emerged that was built on the twin ideological foundations that cleansed the trade... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39288442" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Indigenous slavery in the Americas was the driving engine of New World colonization everywhere, from Nova Scotia to Tierra de Fuego. A massive trade emerged that was built on the twin ideological foundations that cleansed the trade theologically and ethically: “just war” and “rescate.” Anti-slavery, however, was also a force with which historians need to reckon. There is perhaps no better book to explore these two dimensions of the continent-wide slave trade than Monteiro’s Negros da Tierra, now translated into English. My reading is an interpretation of the trade as a whole.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39288442" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c7cf24e7bd20479e7001571aee3647d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59425025,"asset_id":39288442,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59425025/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3362473" href="https://utexas.academia.edu/JorgeCanizaresEsguerra">Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3362473" type="text/json">{"id":3362473,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Cañizares-Esguerra","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"JorgeCanizaresEsguerra","display_name":"Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/JorgeCanizaresEsguerra?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3362473/1129273/142809143/s65_jorge.ca_izares-esguerra.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39288442 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39288442"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39288442, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39288442", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39288442 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39288442; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39288442"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39288442 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39288442"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39288442; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39288442]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39288442").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39288442").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39288442"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3827" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_Studies">Brazilian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3827" type="text/json">{"id":3827,"name":"Brazilian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39288442]'), work: {"id":39288442,"title":"Review of Monteiro's Indigenous Slavery in colonial Brazil","created_at":"2019-05-28T10:10:37.434-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39288442/Review_of_Monteiros_Indigenous_Slavery_in_colonial_Brazil?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_39288442","summary":"Indigenous slavery in the Americas was the driving engine of New World colonization everywhere, from Nova Scotia to Tierra de Fuego. A massive trade emerged that was built on the twin ideological foundations that cleansed the trade theologically and ethically: “just war” and “rescate.” Anti-slavery, however, was also a force with which historians need to reckon. There is perhaps no better book to explore these two dimensions of the continent-wide slave trade than Monteiro’s Negros da Tierra, now translated into English. My reading is an interpretation of the trade as a whole.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59425025,"asset_id":39288442,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3362473,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Cañizares-Esguerra","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"JorgeCanizaresEsguerra","display_name":"Jorge Cañizares-Esguerra","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/JorgeCanizaresEsguerra?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3362473/1129273/142809143/s65_jorge.ca_izares-esguerra.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":3827,"name":"Brazilian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23756268" data-work_id="23756268" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23756268/The_vocabulary_of_slavery_in_A_F_Christidis_ed_A_History_of_Ancient_Greek_From_the_Beginnings_to_Late_Antiquity_Cambridge_University_Press_Cambridge_2007_pp_1056_61">The vocabulary of slavery, in A.-F. Christidis (ed.), A History of Ancient Greek: From the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2007, pp. 1056-61</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">From the Archaic period to Late Antiquity, and -as far as we can infer from the Linear B tablets (see .) -already in the Mycenaean period, there were numerous categories of people in the Ancient Greek world who were denied either... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23756268" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">From the Archaic period to Late Antiquity, and -as far as we can infer from the Linear B tablets (see .) -already in the Mycenaean period, there were numerous categories of people in the Ancient Greek world who were denied either their freedom in general or certain basic freedoms. They were not all slaves in the strict sense of the term. Some, for instance, were obliged to do forced labor or to offer their services, but without being owned by a master (δεσπ της). Others were regarded as objects and were bought and sold. There were considerable variations in the degree of lack of freedom.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23756268" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c4d580bb5822ba22d43beee990bcf19a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44185343,"asset_id":23756268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44185343/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2725795" href="https://uth.academia.edu/DimitrisJKyrtatas">Dimitris J. Kyrtatas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2725795" type="text/json">{"id":2725795,"first_name":"Dimitris J.","last_name":"Kyrtatas","domain_name":"uth","page_name":"DimitrisJKyrtatas","display_name":"Dimitris J. Kyrtatas","profile_url":"https://uth.academia.edu/DimitrisJKyrtatas?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2725795/879191/18297690/s65_dimitris_j..kyrtatas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23756268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23756268"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23756268, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23756268", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23756268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23756268; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23756268"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23756268 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23756268"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23756268; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23756268]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23756268").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23756268").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23756268"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1401900" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Slavery">Ancient Greek Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1401900" type="text/json">{"id":1401900,"name":"Ancient Greek Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23756268]'), work: {"id":23756268,"title":"The vocabulary of slavery, in A.-F. Christidis (ed.), A History of Ancient Greek: From the Beginnings to Late Antiquity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2007, pp. 1056-61","created_at":"2016-03-29T01:33:43.949-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23756268/The_vocabulary_of_slavery_in_A_F_Christidis_ed_A_History_of_Ancient_Greek_From_the_Beginnings_to_Late_Antiquity_Cambridge_University_Press_Cambridge_2007_pp_1056_61?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_23756268","summary":"From the Archaic period to Late Antiquity, and -as far as we can infer from the Linear B tablets (see .) -already in the Mycenaean period, there were numerous categories of people in the Ancient Greek world who were denied either their freedom in general or certain basic freedoms. They were not all slaves in the strict sense of the term. Some, for instance, were obliged to do forced labor or to offer their services, but without being owned by a master (δεσπ της). Others were regarded as objects and were bought and sold. There were considerable variations in the degree of lack of freedom.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44185343,"asset_id":23756268,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2725795,"first_name":"Dimitris J.","last_name":"Kyrtatas","domain_name":"uth","page_name":"DimitrisJKyrtatas","display_name":"Dimitris J. Kyrtatas","profile_url":"https://uth.academia.edu/DimitrisJKyrtatas?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2725795/879191/18297690/s65_dimitris_j..kyrtatas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":1401900,"name":"Ancient Greek Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43905613" data-work_id="43905613" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43905613/MEMORIAS_DE_%C3%81FRICA_LA_SUPERIORIDAD_DE_LOS_NEGROS_SOBRE_LOS_BLANCOS_KIT%C4%80B_FAKHR_AL_S%C5%AAD%C4%80N_AL%C4%80_AL_B%C4%AA%E1%B8%90%C4%80N_DE_AB%C5%AA_%C3%99THMAN_AMR_IBN_BAHR_AL_J%C4%80%E1%B8%A4I%E1%BA%92_M_868_9_">MEMORIAS DE ÁFRICA: LA SUPERIORIDAD DE LOS NEGROS SOBRE LOS BLANCOS (KITĀB FAKHR AL-SŪDĀN ‘ALĀ AL-BĪḐĀN) DE ABŪ ÙTHMAN ‘AMR IBN BAHR AL-JĀḤIẒ (M. 868/9)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El presente artículo tiene como objetivo llamar la atención sobre una obra que ha pasado un tanto desapercibida. Considerada como un trabajo menor de un autor satírico, al-Jāḥiẓ, el Kitāb Fakhr al-Sūdān 'alā al-Bīḑān (La superioridad de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43905613" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El presente artículo tiene como objetivo llamar la atención sobre una obra que ha pasado un tanto desapercibida. Considerada como un trabajo menor de un autor satírico, al-Jāḥiẓ, el Kitāb Fakhr al-Sūdān 'alā al-Bīḑān (La superioridad de los negros sobre los blancos), pese a su sugerente título, ha sido minusvalorado, pero es, en realidad, una obra seria y plenamente imbuida en el contexto y el debate político-social del siglo IX. Esta obra resulta fundamental para entender la complejidad que encierra toda sociedad, antigua o moderna. Frente a la imagen tradicional sobre la población negra como una grupo marginado, invisible y sin historia, el Kitāb Fakhr al-Sūdān 'alā al-Bīḑān les otorga el protagonismo de su obra, les saca de su invisibilidad dentro de la sociedad abbasí, y recupera y reelabora, y esto es interesante, una historia y una memoria que hunden sus raíces en la antigüedad.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43905613" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9d1a950f5a8bf149a8d307b5a4b2e32a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64229397,"asset_id":43905613,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64229397/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8951262" href="https://csic.academia.edu/JorgeElicesOc%C3%B3n">Jorge Elices Ocón</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8951262" type="text/json">{"id":8951262,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Elices Ocón","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"JorgeElicesOcón","display_name":"Jorge Elices Ocón","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/JorgeElicesOc%C3%B3n?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8951262/2925856/36005064/s65_jorge.elices_oc_n.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43905613 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43905613"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43905613, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43905613", }); 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Frente a la imagen tradicional sobre la población negra como una grupo marginado, invisible y sin historia, el Kitāb Fakhr al-Sūdān 'alā al-Bīḑān les otorga el protagonismo de su obra, les saca de su invisibilidad dentro de la sociedad abbasí, y recupera y reelabora, y esto es interesante, una historia y una memoria que hunden sus raíces en la antigüedad.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64229397,"asset_id":43905613,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8951262,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Elices Ocón","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"JorgeElicesOcón","display_name":"Jorge Elices Ocón","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/JorgeElicesOc%C3%B3n?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8951262/2925856/36005064/s65_jorge.elices_oc_n.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":2938,"name":"Black/African Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_African_Diaspora?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":3277,"name":"Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6739,"name":"Medieval Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Islam?f_ri=5432"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=5432"},{"id":11452,"name":"Memory Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_Studies?f_ri=5432"},{"id":13992,"name":"Abbasid History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abbasid_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":25118,"name":"Medieval Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Islamic_History?f_ri=5432"},{"id":39073,"name":"Reception of Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reception_of_Antiquity?f_ri=5432"},{"id":40285,"name":"Africana Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africana_Studies?f_ri=5432"},{"id":110972,"name":"Arabian Peninsula in Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Peninsula_in_Antiquity?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38654688" data-work_id="38654688" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38654688/Histroy_Materialization_and_Presentation_of_Slavery_in_Tanzania">Histroy, Materialization, and Presentation of Slavery in Tanzania</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38654688" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="77d67586a88c255d7400a5e84e373d06" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58733824,"asset_id":38654688,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58733824/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="735394" href="https://ntslearning.academia.edu/DanielRhodes">Daniel T. 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Escravidão e direito: o estatuto jurídico dos escravos no Brasil oitocentista (1860-1888). São Paulo: Alameda, 2019.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63247417" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="521e29e4e685c6a0cb0b4db1f816f6d1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75737468,"asset_id":63247417,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75737468/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="225921" href="https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/MarianaArmondDiasPaes">Mariana Armond Dias Paes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="225921" type="text/json">{"id":225921,"first_name":"Mariana Armond","last_name":"Dias Paes","domain_name":"rg-mpg","page_name":"MarianaArmondDiasPaes","display_name":"Mariana Armond Dias Paes","profile_url":"https://rg-mpg.academia.edu/MarianaArmondDiasPaes?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/225921/59748/20233701/s65_mariana_armond.dias_paes.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-63247417">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-63247417"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://insper.academia.edu/PedroCantisano">Pedro Cantisano</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-63247417'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-63247417').html(); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50277909]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50277909").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50277909").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50277909"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3051" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Art">Contemporary Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3051" type="text/json">{"id":3051,"name":"Contemporary Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Art?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58717" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rebellion">Rebellion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58717" type="text/json">{"id":58717,"name":"Rebellion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rebellion?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="148028" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monuments">Monuments</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="148028" type="text/json">{"id":148028,"name":"Monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monuments?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50277909]'), work: {"id":50277909,"title":"A Monumental Uprising: Dread Scott's Struggle to Reclaim Collective Memory","created_at":"2021-07-26T11:12:22.950-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50277909/A_Monumental_Uprising_Dread_Scotts_Struggle_to_Reclaim_Collective_Memory?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_50277909","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68323549,"asset_id":50277909,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4720152,"first_name":"Noah","last_name":"Simblist","domain_name":"vcu","page_name":"NoahSimblist","display_name":"Noah Simblist","profile_url":"https://vcu.academia.edu/NoahSimblist?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4720152/1994899/2354729/s65_noah.simblist.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3051,"name":"Contemporary Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Art?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":58717,"name":"Rebellion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rebellion?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":148028,"name":"Monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monuments?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":312050,"name":"Memorials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memorials?f_ri=5432"},{"id":1713863,"name":"John Akomfrah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_Akomfrah?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45348901" data-work_id="45348901" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/45348901/PROSTITUTION_SLAVERY_AND_HUMAN_TRAFFICKING_THE_WORLDWIDE_PRACTICES_OF_ELIMINATING_IT">PROSTITUTION, SLAVERY AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING THE WORLDWIDE PRACTICES OF ELIMINATING IT</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bondage, Prostitution and Human dealing are the most shocking violations within recent memory. In the present current time there are numerous individuals who are stuck as slaves and are creating gigantic measure of cash for their dealers.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45348901" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bondage, Prostitution and Human dealing are the most shocking violations within recent memory. In the present current time there are numerous individuals who are stuck as slaves and are creating gigantic measure of cash for their dealers. Human dealing sabotages the security of each individual in a state since it is a sorted out wrongdoing and adulterated. Human privileges of dealt individual are disregarded as they are not given the poise which our Indian constitution ensures. They are misused, assaulted or frequently slaughtered. This has been the subject of worldwide security since the last part of the 90s. Dealing for sexual design is more across the board than constrained labour. In the previous stages nations perceived sexual abuse yet never thought to be constrained work as misuse. Criminal law centers on these three viewpoints for example subjection, prostitution and human dealing. Prostitution and subjugation is a sort of current servitude secured under dealing of individual for business reason. These three are the wrongdoings which are required to be checked or in any case will influence the human life. Individuals are debasing themselves for cash. The principle purpose for deliberate prostitution and subjugation is the deficiency of cash. More often than not they are not financially stable for which they offer their bodies to other people. For such expanding rate everyone will be instructed and all around enrolled with the goal that money related issues can be decreased.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45348901" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="66fdaceced49bb6a84f1c58cfc252ab9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65885113,"asset_id":45348901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65885113/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37037215" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrRJoshi">IERJ Journal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37037215" type="text/json">{"id":37037215,"first_name":"IERJ","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrRJoshi","display_name":"IERJ Journal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrRJoshi?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37037215/10854176/12113714/s65_dr._r.joshi.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45348901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45348901"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45348901, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45348901", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45348901]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45348901").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45348901").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45348901"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6369" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Trafficking">Human Trafficking</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6369" type="text/json">{"id":6369,"name":"Human Trafficking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Trafficking?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="91991" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostitution">Prostitution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="91991" type="text/json">{"id":91991,"name":"Prostitution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostitution?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="166304" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Practices">Practices</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="166304" type="text/json">{"id":166304,"name":"Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Practices?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45348901]'), work: {"id":45348901,"title":"PROSTITUTION, SLAVERY AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING THE WORLDWIDE PRACTICES OF ELIMINATING IT","created_at":"2021-03-04T00:44:44.637-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45348901/PROSTITUTION_SLAVERY_AND_HUMAN_TRAFFICKING_THE_WORLDWIDE_PRACTICES_OF_ELIMINATING_IT?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_45348901","summary":"Bondage, Prostitution and Human dealing are the most shocking violations within recent memory. In the present current time there are numerous individuals who are stuck as slaves and are creating gigantic measure of cash for their dealers. Human dealing sabotages the security of each individual in a state since it is a sorted out wrongdoing and adulterated. Human privileges of dealt individual are disregarded as they are not given the poise which our Indian constitution ensures. They are misused, assaulted or frequently slaughtered. This has been the subject of worldwide security since the last part of the 90s. Dealing for sexual design is more across the board than constrained labour. In the previous stages nations perceived sexual abuse yet never thought to be constrained work as misuse. Criminal law centers on these three viewpoints for example subjection, prostitution and human dealing. Prostitution and subjugation is a sort of current servitude secured under dealing of individual for business reason. These three are the wrongdoings which are required to be checked or in any case will influence the human life. Individuals are debasing themselves for cash. The principle purpose for deliberate prostitution and subjugation is the deficiency of cash. More often than not they are not financially stable for which they offer their bodies to other people. For such expanding rate everyone will be instructed and all around enrolled with the goal that money related issues can be decreased.\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65885113,"asset_id":45348901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37037215,"first_name":"IERJ","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DrRJoshi","display_name":"IERJ Journal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DrRJoshi?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37037215/10854176/12113714/s65_dr._r.joshi.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6369,"name":"Human Trafficking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Trafficking?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":91991,"name":"Prostitution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prostitution?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":166304,"name":"Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Practices?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":2876073,"name":"Elimination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elimination?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25920542" data-work_id="25920542" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25920542/VC_022_The_Jack_Taylor_Coggswell_Cabin_Archaeological_Survey_A_Cultural_Resource_Survey_of_Virginia_City_Montana_24MA0723">VC-022 The Jack Taylor/Coggswell Cabin Archaeological Survey A Cultural Resource Survey of Virginia City, Montana (24MA0723</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This report was prepared for the Montana State Historic Preservation Office. The project fulfilled Section 106 obligations prior to historic preservation, and also accompanied a preservation field school. Jack Taylor was a former slave... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25920542" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This report was prepared for the Montana State Historic Preservation Office. The project fulfilled Section 106 obligations prior to historic preservation, and also accompanied a preservation field school. <br /><br />Jack Taylor was a former slave who moved to Montana and became a successful property-owner, teamster and businessman.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25920542" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1f502754460811eb2255ae7f942d61b8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46280209,"asset_id":25920542,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46280209/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12271282" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/KathleenMcCourt">Kathleen McCourt</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12271282" type="text/json">{"id":12271282,"first_name":"Kathleen","last_name":"McCourt","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"KathleenMcCourt","display_name":"Kathleen McCourt","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/KathleenMcCourt?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12271282/11932291/13296195/s65_kathleen.mccourt.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25920542 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25920542"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25920542, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25920542", }); 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The project fulfilled Section 106 obligations prior to historic preservation, and also accompanied a preservation field school. \n\nJack Taylor was a former slave who moved to Montana and became a successful property-owner, teamster and businessman. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46280209,"asset_id":25920542,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12271282,"first_name":"Kathleen","last_name":"McCourt","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"KathleenMcCourt","display_name":"Kathleen McCourt","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/KathleenMcCourt?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12271282/11932291/13296195/s65_kathleen.mccourt.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":3608,"name":"Historic Preservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historic_Preservation?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":181059,"name":"Montana History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Montana_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":1177889,"name":"Section 106","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Section_106?f_ri=5432"},{"id":1213496,"name":"Goldrush History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Goldrush_History?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17787228" data-work_id="17787228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17787228/De_la_esclavitud_al_abolicionismo_en_la_historia_de_Espa%C3%B1a_legislaci%C3%B3n_guerra_justa_y_discursos">De la esclavitud al abolicionismo en la historia de España: legislación, guerra justa y discursos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">"De la esclavitud al abolicionismo en la historia de España: legislación, guerra justa y discursos" en Martín Casares, Aurelia: Esclavitud, mestizaje y abolicionismo en los mundos hispánicos, Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2015.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17787228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97895b0af338f3f67af953a519f6ba37" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39711312,"asset_id":17787228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39711312/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1959525" href="https://concepta-net.academia.edu/AureliaMart%C3%ADnCasares">Aurelia Martín-Casares</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1959525" type="text/json">{"id":1959525,"first_name":"Aurelia","last_name":"Martín-Casares","domain_name":"concepta-net","page_name":"AureliaMartínCasares","display_name":"Aurelia Martín-Casares","profile_url":"https://concepta-net.academia.edu/AureliaMart%C3%ADnCasares?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1959525/3535686/4150950/s65_aurelia.mart_n-casares.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17787228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17787228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17787228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17787228", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17787228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17787228; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function 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class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17787228"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1727" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History">Early Modern History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1727" type="text/json">{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4121" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World">Atlantic World</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4121" type="text/json">{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17787228]'), work: {"id":17787228,"title":"De la esclavitud al abolicionismo en la historia de España: 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Journal of Military History, October 2000</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. 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These are not, needless to say, normal circumstances. This is the first time in four decades... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43502664" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">“Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.” —William Butler Yeats (1889)<br /><br />Welcome to our course, “Race and Ethnicity”!  These are not, needless to say, normal circumstances. This is the first time in four decades of teaching that I am doing so “online.”  It may be a new experience for you as well.  There are bound to be glitches (not to mention Murphy’s Law) as we adapt to the new conditions and challenges... but I have no doubt that we will overcome them together.  Our course, which begins on March 31, 2020, is being held in the context of the historic crisis we are all engulfed in, a once-in-a-century global pandemic that is not only bordering on a public health apocalypse but shaking all aspects of our lives and of our worlds (interpersonal, educational, occupational, financial, economic, political, residential, medical, social, cultural, psychological, familial)—requiring adaptations to rapidly changing and unpredictable circumstances.  (Like this online course, for instance!)  It is precisely in such moments of crisis—which shake our taken for granted notions and routines to their foundation, revealing the artifices of our social constructions of “reality” (including what we construct as “race” and “ethnicity”)—that a sociological imagination flourishes.  A folk saying has it that “when life gives you lemons, make lemonade.”  I look forward to making sociological lemonade with you this quarter.  The pandemic will not hit everyone alike, but will be patterned along hard lines of social and economic inequality and disadvantage—including race and ethnicity and immigration status.  Not everyone can “stay at home.”  Harsh realities are being exposed anew by this public health catastrophe... including the fact that SYSTEMIC RACISM IS A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE... along with possibilities to reshape the structure of our societies in the calamitous aftermath. (But as Frederick Douglass famously said long ago: “Power concedes nothing without a demand. It never did and it never will.”) <br /><br />We will read 1 book during our 11-week course: Race in America, by Matthew Desmond and Mustafa Emirbayer.<br />This is one of the very best textbooks on the subject that I have seen. The book is made up of 11 chapters, each about 40 pages (including many images, maps and graphics); you’ll be reading a chapter a week on average.  <br />The first 2 chapters spell out key concepts and address the historical invention and institutionalization of “race.” The next 8 core chapters (#3-10) focus on separate (but interconnected) fields of social life: political, economic, residential, legal, educational, aesthetic, associational, and intimate spheres (family, self, identity).  The last one, chapter 11, looks to the future: “Toward Racial Democracy.” In addition to the text, you will read a few supplementary readings, listed in the syllabus and course agenda.  In tandem with the course readings, over the next ten weeks I will regularly email you selected articles, reports, and analyses seeking to connect what you are studying to the breaking news of the day; while we cannot know now what may come in the coming months, we can be pretty certain that the issues addressed by our course will be at the heart of the historic crisis (or crises) that will engulf us.  By the end of the class you will have effectively a “curated” set of such accompanying relevant readings.<br /><br />Tuesday March 31 is the start of our class.  Saturday April 4 marks the anniversary of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.  As I do every year at that time, as well as on the anniversary of his birth on January 15, I send my students an annual message of remembrance.  Please take time to read and reflect on it.<br /><br />The goal of this class is to broaden your intellectual horizons; to study stress, not to cause it; to invite you to a memorable sociological adventure amid a global crisis that you and I will still be talking about many years from now.  And remember: Our course will end in June, but not our role and responsibility as members of the polis, as citizens as well as sociologists confronted by historic crises.  The critically informed citizen—whose voice is heard, who acts and votes and remains civically engaged—is racism’s worst enemy.  Becoming a critically informed citizen, ending racial domination and making a more just world is a lifetime commitment that never ends.  Silence is not an option at this (potential) turning point in the history of American democracy and racial justice, even amid a once-in-a-century pandemic.  Know that history.  Voice that history.  Read-think-write... and act.<br /><br />"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere... Justice too long delayed is justice denied." —Martin Luther King, Jr.,  Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43502664" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6085248be7b944bf6486289dd54b0a09" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63812503,"asset_id":43502664,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63812503/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4475610" href="https://uci.academia.edu/RubenGRumbaut">Rubén G. Rumbaut</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4475610" type="text/json">{"id":4475610,"first_name":"Rubén G.","last_name":"Rumbaut","domain_name":"uci","page_name":"RubenGRumbaut","display_name":"Rubén G. 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These are not, needless to say, normal circumstances. This is the first time in four decades of teaching that I am doing so “online.” It may be a new experience for you as well. There are bound to be glitches (not to mention Murphy’s Law) as we adapt to the new conditions and challenges... but I have no doubt that we will overcome them together. Our course, which begins on March 31, 2020, is being held in the context of the historic crisis we are all engulfed in, a once-in-a-century global pandemic that is not only bordering on a public health apocalypse but shaking all aspects of our lives and of our worlds (interpersonal, educational, occupational, financial, economic, political, residential, medical, social, cultural, psychological, familial)—requiring adaptations to rapidly changing and unpredictable circumstances. (Like this online course, for instance!) It is precisely in such moments of crisis—which shake our taken for granted notions and routines to their foundation, revealing the artifices of our social constructions of “reality” (including what we construct as “race” and “ethnicity”)—that a sociological imagination flourishes. A folk saying has it that “when life gives you lemons, make lemonade.” I look forward to making sociological lemonade with you this quarter. The pandemic will not hit everyone alike, but will be patterned along hard lines of social and economic inequality and disadvantage—including race and ethnicity and immigration status. Not everyone can “stay at home.” Harsh realities are being exposed anew by this public health catastrophe... including the fact that SYSTEMIC RACISM IS A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE... along with possibilities to reshape the structure of our societies in the calamitous aftermath. (But as Frederick Douglass famously said long ago: “Power concedes nothing without a demand. It never did and it never will.”) \n\nWe will read 1 book during our 11-week course: Race in America, by Matthew Desmond and Mustafa Emirbayer.\nThis is one of the very best textbooks on the subject that I have seen. The book is made up of 11 chapters, each about 40 pages (including many images, maps and graphics); you’ll be reading a chapter a week on average. \nThe first 2 chapters spell out key concepts and address the historical invention and institutionalization of “race.” The next 8 core chapters (#3-10) focus on separate (but interconnected) fields of social life: political, economic, residential, legal, educational, aesthetic, associational, and intimate spheres (family, self, identity). The last one, chapter 11, looks to the future: “Toward Racial Democracy.” In addition to the text, you will read a few supplementary readings, listed in the syllabus and course agenda. In tandem with the course readings, over the next ten weeks I will regularly email you selected articles, reports, and analyses seeking to connect what you are studying to the breaking news of the day; while we cannot know now what may come in the coming months, we can be pretty certain that the issues addressed by our course will be at the heart of the historic crisis (or crises) that will engulf us. By the end of the class you will have effectively a “curated” set of such accompanying relevant readings.\n\nTuesday March 31 is the start of our class. Saturday April 4 marks the anniversary of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. As I do every year at that time, as well as on the anniversary of his birth on January 15, I send my students an annual message of remembrance. Please take time to read and reflect on it.\n\nThe goal of this class is to broaden your intellectual horizons; to study stress, not to cause it; to invite you to a memorable sociological adventure amid a global crisis that you and I will still be talking about many years from now. And remember: Our course will end in June, but not our role and responsibility as members of the polis, as citizens as well as sociologists confronted by historic crises. The critically informed citizen—whose voice is heard, who acts and votes and remains civically engaged—is racism’s worst enemy. Becoming a critically informed citizen, ending racial domination and making a more just world is a lifetime commitment that never ends. Silence is not an option at this (potential) turning point in the history of American democracy and racial justice, even amid a once-in-a-century pandemic. Know that history. Voice that history. Read-think-write... and act.\n\n\"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere... Justice too long delayed is justice denied.\" —Martin Luther King, Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963) ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63812503,"asset_id":43502664,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4475610,"first_name":"Rubén G.","last_name":"Rumbaut","domain_name":"uci","page_name":"RubenGRumbaut","display_name":"Rubén G. 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discrimination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Racial_and_ethnic_discrimination?f_ri=5432"},{"id":57214,"name":"Mass Incarceration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mass_Incarceration?f_ri=5432"},{"id":67360,"name":"Crime","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crime?f_ri=5432"},{"id":93781,"name":"Jim Crow Segregation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jim_Crow_Segregation?f_ri=5432"},{"id":102533,"name":"Deportation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deportation?f_ri=5432"},{"id":120558,"name":"Xenophobia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xenophobia?f_ri=5432"},{"id":575775,"name":"Cultural appropriation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_appropriation?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13595622" data-work_id="13595622" itemscope="itemscope" 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type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27533" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_history">Atlantic history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27533" type="text/json">{"id":27533,"name":"Atlantic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_history?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13595622]'), work: 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World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":27533,"name":"Atlantic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_history?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":53019,"name":"Atlantic Slave Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_Slave_Trade?f_ri=5432"},{"id":166691,"name":"Middle Passage, Atlantic World Slavery, African Diaspora, Slavery and Medicine, Black Women's History, Violence Studies, Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Passage_Atlantic_World_Slavery_African_Diaspora_Slavery_and_Medicine_Black_Womens_Histor?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30698899" data-work_id="30698899" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30698899/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96_XVII_XVIII_%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BF_43_2014_%D0%A1_116_121_%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96_%D0%B7_%D0%9E_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC_">Етнічний аспект британської колоніальної політики в Карибському басейні (XVII–XVIII ст.) // Етнічна історія народів Європи. – Вип. 43. – 2014. – С. 116–121. (у співавторстві з О. Машевським).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">У статті вперше в українській історіографії аналізується етнічний аспект британської колоніальної політики в Карибському басейні у XVII–XVIII ст. Етнічний розвиток британських карибських колоній є малодослідженою темою в новітній... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30698899" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">У статті вперше в українській історіографії аналізується етнічний аспект британської колоніальної політики в Карибському басейні у XVII–XVIII ст. Етнічний розвиток британських карибських колоній є малодослідженою темою в новітній історіографії. Охарактеризовано становище рабів, привезених з Африки. Визначено основні етнічні групи, що сформувалися в Британській Вест-Індії.<br />Ключові слова: колонія, Карибський басейн, етнос, мулат, креол.<br /><br />В статье впервые в украинской историографии анализируется этнический аспект британской колониальной политики в Карибском бассейне в XVII–XVIII вв. Этническое развитие британских карибских колоний является малоисследованной темой в новейшей историографии. Охарактеризовано положение рабов, привезенных из Африки. Определены основные этнические группы, сформировавшиеся в Британской Вест-Индии.<br />Ключевые слова: колония, Карибский бассейн, этнос, мулат, креол.<br /><br />For the first time in Ukrainian historiography ethnic aspect of British colonial policy in the Caribbean in XVII–XVIII centuries is analyzed in the article. Ethnic development of British Caribbean colonies is insufficiently investigated in modern historiography. Status of slaves brought from Africa is characterized. Main ethnic groups which were formed in the British West Indies are defined.<br />Keywords: colony, Caribbean, ethnicity, mulatto, Creole.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30698899" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ce4bc99883508721ded6b1446009d766" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51143360,"asset_id":30698899,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51143360/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7654092" href="https://nau-ua.academia.edu/YehorBrailian">Yehor Brailian</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7654092" type="text/json">{"id":7654092,"first_name":"Yehor","last_name":"Brailian","domain_name":"nau-ua","page_name":"YehorBrailian","display_name":"Yehor Brailian","profile_url":"https://nau-ua.academia.edu/YehorBrailian?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7654092/2795879/55923124/s65_yehor.brailian.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30698899 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30698899"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30698899, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30698899", }); 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(у співавторстві з О. Машевським).","created_at":"2017-01-01T13:33:19.877-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30698899/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96_XVII_XVIII_%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%95%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BF_43_2014_%D0%A1_116_121_%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96_%D0%B7_%D0%9E_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC_?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_30698899","summary":"У статті вперше в українській історіографії аналізується етнічний аспект британської колоніальної політики в Карибському басейні у XVII–XVIII ст. Етнічний розвиток британських карибських колоній є малодослідженою темою в новітній історіографії. Охарактеризовано становище рабів, привезених з Африки. Визначено основні етнічні групи, що сформувалися в Британській Вест-Індії.\nКлючові слова: колонія, Карибський басейн, етнос, мулат, креол.\n\nВ статье впервые в украинской историографии анализируется этнический аспект британской колониальной политики в Карибском бассейне в XVII–XVIII вв. Этническое развитие британских карибских колоний является малоисследованной темой в новейшей историографии. Охарактеризовано положение рабов, привезенных из Африки. Определены основные этнические группы, сформировавшиеся в Британской Вест-Индии.\nКлючевые слова: колония, Карибский бассейн, этнос, мулат, креол.\n\nFor the first time in Ukrainian historiography ethnic aspect of British colonial policy in the Caribbean in XVII–XVIII centuries is analyzed in the article. Ethnic development of British Caribbean colonies is insufficiently investigated in modern historiography. Status of slaves brought from Africa is characterized. Main ethnic groups which were formed in the British West Indies are defined.\nKeywords: colony, Caribbean, ethnicity, mulatto, Creole.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51143360,"asset_id":30698899,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7654092,"first_name":"Yehor","last_name":"Brailian","domain_name":"nau-ua","page_name":"YehorBrailian","display_name":"Yehor Brailian","profile_url":"https://nau-ua.academia.edu/YehorBrailian?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7654092/2795879/55923124/s65_yehor.brailian.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":6873,"name":"Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":7945,"name":"Caribbean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean_Studies?f_ri=5432"},{"id":10318,"name":"British Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Foreign_Policy?f_ri=5432"},{"id":12961,"name":"British Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Empire?f_ri=5432"},{"id":15150,"name":"British Imperial and Colonial History (1600 - )","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_Imperial_and_Colonial_History_1600_-_?f_ri=5432"},{"id":26883,"name":"West Indies (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/West_Indies_History_?f_ri=5432"},{"id":58505,"name":"Caribbean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribbean?f_ri=5432"},{"id":569389,"name":"Ukrainian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukrainian_Language?f_ri=5432"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37011218" data-work_id="37011218" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37011218/Els_captius_de_la_sal_dEivissa">Els captius de la sal d'Eivissa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37011218" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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Gender and Masculinity in North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia 1820-</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">My final year dIssertation paper</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44950139" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5630da4fc9ba1eebf27d750a02e416a7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65480393,"asset_id":44950139,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65480393/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="156987739" href="https://soton.academia.edu/RaduIstvan">Radu Istvan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="156987739" type="text/json">{"id":156987739,"first_name":"Radu","last_name":"Istvan","domain_name":"soton","page_name":"RaduIstvan","display_name":"Radu Istvan","profile_url":"https://soton.academia.edu/RaduIstvan?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/156987739/50738656/38777937/s65_radu.istvan.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44950139 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44950139"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44950139, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44950139", }); 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Assembleia da República, Lisboa, 2019-2020)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Curadoria científica: Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo e José Pedro Monteiro A exposição “O direito sobre si mesmo: 150 anos da abolição da escravatura no império português” procura contribuir para uma reapreciação da abolição da escravidão em... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48924354" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Curadoria científica: Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo e José Pedro Monteiro <br /> <br />A exposição “O direito sobre si mesmo: 150 anos da abolição da escravatura no império português” procura contribuir para uma reapreciação da abolição da escravidão em Portugal, tendo como pretexto o decreto de 25 de fevereiro de 1869, integrando-o em dinâmicas históricas que o precedem e lhe sobrevieram. A abolição da escravidão não foi um evento, mas sim um processo atribulado e ambivalente, a muitos níveis e em muitos sentidos. A própria citação que inspira o título desta exposição implica essa ambivalência. O “direito do homem sobre si mesmo” foi invocado pelo deputado Martens Ferrão na mesma intervenção em que manifestou o seu apoio a uma cláusula que garantia que os filhos de escravos que nascessem livres trabalhariam para os donos dos seus progenitores por vinte anos. <br />É interrogar as particularidades de uma dinâmica histórica que tem 1836 — ano de um dos mais importantes relatórios sobre o projeto dos “novos brasis em África”, assinado por um dos mais notáveis protagonistas desta história, o marquês de Sá da Bandeira — como data marcante, mas também pensar os impactos mais duradouros de um processo multissecular, ainda que historicamente situado e contingente, que se alicerçou na diferenciação e hierarquização de grupos humanos em função de supostos índices “raciais” ou “civilizacionais”. É ainda questionar o modo como, no presente, a abolição, em particular, e o passado imperial, em geral, são ou não invocados, pensados e debatidos, com rigor histórico e espírito crítico e cívico, nos discursos políticos, nas reflexões académicas, no espaço público, nas práticas artísticas ou nos manuais escolares. Com história e com memória, sem as confundir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48924354" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1b184bf881f586abe2abe148ac0ad123" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67328214,"asset_id":48924354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67328214/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2682094" href="https://uc-pt.academia.edu/MiguelBandeiraJer%C3%B3nimo">Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2682094" type="text/json">{"id":2682094,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Bandeira Jerónimo","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"MiguelBandeiraJerónimo","display_name":"Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/MiguelBandeiraJer%C3%B3nimo?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2682094/1119003/5284620/s65_miguel.bandeira_jer_nimo.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-48924354">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-48924354"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uminho.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9PedroMonteiro">José Pedro Monteiro</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-48924354'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-48924354').html(); 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Assembleia da República, Lisboa, 2019-2020)","created_at":"2021-05-15T04:23:20.447-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48924354/Exposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Exhibition_O_direito_sobre_si_mesmo_150_anos_da_aboli%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_escravatura_no_imp%C3%A9rio_colonial_portugu%C3%AAs_Curadoria_cient%C3%ADfica_Miguel_Bandeira_Jer%C3%B3nimo_e_Jos%C3%A9_Pedro_Monteiro_Assembleia_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Lisboa_2019_2020_?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_48924354","summary":"Curadoria científica: Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo e José Pedro Monteiro\r\n\r\nA exposição “O direito sobre si mesmo: 150 anos da abolição da escravatura no império português” procura contribuir para uma reapreciação da abolição da escravidão em Portugal, tendo como pretexto o decreto de 25 de fevereiro de 1869, integrando-o em dinâmicas históricas que o precedem e lhe sobrevieram. A abolição da escravidão não foi um evento, mas sim um processo atribulado e ambivalente, a muitos níveis e em muitos sentidos. A própria citação que inspira o título desta exposição implica essa ambivalência. O “direito do homem sobre si mesmo” foi invocado pelo deputado Martens Ferrão na mesma intervenção em que manifestou o seu apoio a uma cláusula que garantia que os filhos de escravos que nascessem livres trabalhariam para os donos dos seus progenitores por vinte anos.\r\nÉ interrogar as particularidades de uma dinâmica histórica que tem 1836 — ano de um dos mais importantes relatórios sobre o projeto dos “novos brasis em África”, assinado por um dos mais notáveis protagonistas desta história, o marquês de Sá da Bandeira — como data marcante, mas também pensar os impactos mais duradouros de um processo multissecular, ainda que historicamente situado e contingente, que se alicerçou na diferenciação e hierarquização de grupos humanos em função de supostos índices “raciais” ou “civilizacionais”. É ainda questionar o modo como, no presente, a abolição, em particular, e o passado imperial, em geral, são ou não invocados, pensados e debatidos, com rigor histórico e espírito crítico e cívico, nos discursos políticos, nas reflexões académicas, no espaço público, nas práticas artísticas ou nos manuais escolares. Com história e com memória, sem as confundir.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67328214,"asset_id":48924354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2682094,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Bandeira Jerónimo","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"MiguelBandeiraJerónimo","display_name":"Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/MiguelBandeiraJer%C3%B3nimo?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2682094/1119003/5284620/s65_miguel.bandeira_jer_nimo.jpg"},{"id":3905137,"first_name":"José Pedro","last_name":"Monteiro","domain_name":"uminho","page_name":"JoséPedroMonteiro","display_name":"José Pedro Monteiro","profile_url":"https://uminho.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9PedroMonteiro?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3905137/1449692/31341543/s65_jos_pedro.monteiro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":951,"name":"Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":2222,"name":"Portuguese Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Studies?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":2861,"name":"Portuguese History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_History?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true},{"id":3345,"name":"International organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_organizations?f_ri=5432"},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432"},{"id":6195,"name":"Portuguese Colonialism and 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11369123/RS_O_Quilombo_Rural_de_Manoel_Padeiro">RS: O Quilombo Rural de Manoel Padeiro</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">O artigo aborda, em forma sintética, o Quilombo [rapinador] do Manuel Padeiro, nas proximidades da vila de Pelotas, principal centro charqueador escravista do RS, reprimido em 1835, às vésperas do inícios da Revolta Farroupilha [1835-1840].</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11369123" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span 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class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26560260" href="https://upf-br.academia.edu/M%C3%A1rioMaestri">Mário Maestri</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26560260" type="text/json">{"id":26560260,"first_name":"Mário","last_name":"Maestri","domain_name":"upf-br","page_name":"MárioMaestri","display_name":"Mário Maestri","profile_url":"https://upf-br.academia.edu/M%C3%A1rioMaestri?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26560260/7411642/8331133/s65_m_rio.maestri.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11369123 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11369123"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11369123, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11369123", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11369123 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered 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rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery">Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5432" type="text/json">{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49837" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia">Historia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49837" type="text/json">{"id":49837,"name":"Historia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia?f_ri=5432","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11369123]'), work: {"id":11369123,"title":"RS: O Quilombo Rural de Manoel Padeiro","created_at":"2015-03-11T04:52:08.994-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11369123/RS_O_Quilombo_Rural_de_Manoel_Padeiro?f_ri=5432","dom_id":"work_11369123","summary":"O artigo aborda, em forma sintética, o Quilombo [rapinador] do Manuel Padeiro, nas proximidades da vila de Pelotas, principal centro charqueador escravista do RS, reprimido em 1835, às vésperas do inícios da Revolta Farroupilha [1835-1840].","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36937216,"asset_id":11369123,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26560260,"first_name":"Mário","last_name":"Maestri","domain_name":"upf-br","page_name":"MárioMaestri","display_name":"Mário 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u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Race has played a disturbing role in the death penalty’s application throughout its history in the United States. During slavery, discrimination was explicitly written in many states’ laws, with a number of capital offenses reserved... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43532090" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Race has played a disturbing role in the death penalty’s application throughout its history in the United States. During slavery, discrimination was explicitly written in many states’ laws, with a number of capital offenses reserved solely for black slaves. Racial bias continued during the Jim Crow era, in which black defendants often received little due process, as trials and executions sometimes both took place in a single day. Today, the race of the victim has a significant impact on who gets the death penalty, with the implication that black lives matter less.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43532090" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0d6f2da96a97d044360090caffb4219c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63843681,"asset_id":43532090,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63843681/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14694834" href="https://pennstate.academia.edu/BenJones">Ben Jones</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14694834" type="text/json">{"id":14694834,"first_name":"Ben","last_name":"Jones","domain_name":"pennstate","page_name":"BenJones","display_name":"Ben Jones","profile_url":"https://pennstate.academia.edu/BenJones?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14694834/4164063/110651438/s65_ben.jones.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43532090 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43532090"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43532090, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43532090", }); 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La organización de la industria azucarera cubana desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta la finalización de la Primera Guerra Mundial</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8860719" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b7e31aed343b1ef4060f0686f9e2abe5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35196932,"asset_id":8860719,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35196932/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5865112" href="https://csic.academia.edu/AntonioSantamaria">Antonio Santamaria</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5865112" type="text/json">{"id":5865112,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Santamaria","domain_name":"csic","page_name":"AntonioSantamaria","display_name":"Antonio Santamaria","profile_url":"https://csic.academia.edu/AntonioSantamaria?f_ri=5432","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5865112/2511185/2915577/s65_antonio.santamaria.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8860719 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8860719"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8860719, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8860719", }); 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Two of these more difficult passages are the household codes of Ephesians and Colossians, which... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31874135" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Certain NT passages present challenges to the modern reader in regard to the their content and their implications for contemporary life. Two of these more difficult passages are the household codes of Ephesians and Colossians, which discuss the role of slaves in the early Christian households. These have come under significant scrutiny, particularly from more skeptical critics, as they appear to "endorse" slavery, or at the very least, indicate an archaic, irrelevant religion. The most pressing difficulty for the interpreter is "how can such instructions be reconciled with the liberating message of the cross?" The present paper seeks to engage this question. By locating the passages in their socio-historical setting, it will be suggested that Paul's advice to these slaves is in fact a radical challenge to reinterpret their present situation as an opportunity to worship Christ.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31874135" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ebdfadf184f1906834aa5e21dae76a8e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52161565,"asset_id":31874135,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52161565/download_file?st=MTc0MDk1NzUwNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="441521" href="https://alphacrucis.academia.edu/AdamWhite">Adam G . 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Two of these more difficult passages are the household codes of Ephesians and Colossians, which discuss the role of slaves in the early Christian households. These have come under significant scrutiny, particularly from more skeptical critics, as they appear to \"endorse\" slavery, or at the very least, indicate an archaic, irrelevant religion. The most pressing difficulty for the interpreter is \"how can such instructions be reconciled with the liberating message of the cross?\" The present paper seeks to engage this question. By locating the passages in their socio-historical setting, it will be suggested that Paul's advice to these slaves is in fact a radical challenge to reinterpret their present situation as an opportunity to worship Christ.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52161565,"asset_id":31874135,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":441521,"first_name":"Adam","last_name":"White","domain_name":"alphacrucis","page_name":"AdamWhite","display_name":"Adam G . 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