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beta-tricalcium phosphate</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: beta-tricalcium phosphate"> <meta name="keywords" content="beta-tricalcium phosphate"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="beta-tricalcium phosphate"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 489</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: beta-tricalcium phosphate</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">489</span> A Ratiometric Inorganic Phosphate Sensor Based on CdSe/ZnS QDs and Rhodamine 6G-Doped Nanofibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Dinh%20Duong">Hong Dinh Duong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Il%20Rhee"> Jong Il Rhee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a ratiometric inorganic phosphate sensor was fabricated by a double layer of the rhodamine 6G-doped nanofibers and the CdSe/ZnS QDs-captured polymer. In which, CdSe/ZnS QDs with emission wavelengths of 595nm were synthesized and ligands on their surface were exchanged with mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). The synthesized MPA-QDs were combined with the mixture of sol-gel of 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and polyurethane (PU) to build a layer for sensing inorganic phosphate. Another sensing layer was of nanofibers doped R6G which were produced from poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) by electrospining. The ratio of fluorescence intensities between rhodamin 6G (R6G) and CdSe/ZnS QDs exposed at different phosphate concentrations was used for calculating a linear phosphate concentration range of 0-10mM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofiber" title="nanofiber">nanofiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QDs" title=" QDs"> QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratiometric%20phosphate%20sensor" title=" ratiometric phosphate sensor"> ratiometric phosphate sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhodamine%206G" title=" rhodamine 6G"> rhodamine 6G</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36346/a-ratiometric-inorganic-phosphate-sensor-based-on-cdsezns-qds-and-rhodamine-6g-doped-nanofibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">488</span> The Effect of Application of Biological Phosphate Fertilizer (Fertile 2) and Triple Super Phosphate Chemical Fertilizers on Some Morphological Traits of Corn (SC704) </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mojaddam">M. Mojaddam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Araei"> M. Araei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Saki%20Nejad"> T. Saki Nejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Soltani%20Howyzeh"> M. Soltani Howyzeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the effect of different levels of triple super phosphate chemical fertilizer and biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) on some morphological traits of corn this research was carried out in Ahvaz in 2002 as a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with 4 replications.) The experiment included two factors: first, biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) at three levels of 0, 100, 200 g/ha; second, triple super phosphate chemical fertilizer at three levels of 0, 60, 90 kg/ha of pure phosphorus (P2O5). The obtained results indicated that fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on some morphological traits at 1% probability level. In this regard, P2B2 treatment (100 g/ha biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) and 60 kg/ha triple super phosphate fertilizer) had the greatest plan height, stem diameter, number of leaves and ear length. It seems that in Ahvaz weather conditions, decrease of consumption of triple superphosphate chemical fertilizer to less than a half along with the consumption of biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) is highly important in order to achieve optimal results. Therefore, it can be concluded that biological fertilizers can be used as a suitable substitute for some of the chemical fertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20phosphate%20fertilizer%20%28fertile%202%29" title="biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2)">biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triple%20super%20phosphate" title=" triple super phosphate"> triple super phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn" title=" corn"> corn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20traits" title=" morphological traits"> morphological traits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31865/the-effect-of-application-of-biological-phosphate-fertilizer-fertile-2-and-triple-super-phosphate-chemical-fertilizers-on-some-morphological-traits-of-corn-sc704" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">487</span> A Highly Sensitive Dip Strip for Detection of Phosphate in Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hojat%20Heidari-Bafroui">Hojat Heidari-Bafroui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amer%20Charbaji"> Amer Charbaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constantine%20Anagnostopoulos"> Constantine Anagnostopoulos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Faghri"> Mohammad Faghri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant life which is most frequently found as phosphate in water. Once phosphate is found in abundance in surface water, a series of adverse effects on an ecosystem can be initiated. Therefore, a portable and reliable method is needed to monitor the phosphate concentrations in the field. In this paper, an inexpensive dip strip device with the ascorbic acid/antimony reagent dried on blotting paper along with wet chemistry is developed for the detection of low concentrations of phosphate in water. Ammonium molybdate and sulfuric acid are separately stored in liquid form so as to improve significantly the lifetime of the device and enhance the reproducibility of the device’s performance. The limit of detection and quantification for the optimized device are 0.134 ppm and 0.472 ppm for phosphate in water, respectively. The device’s shelf life, storage conditions, and limit of detection are superior to what has been previously reported for the paper-based phosphate detection devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20detection" title="phosphate detection">phosphate detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paper-based%20device" title=" paper-based device"> paper-based device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molybdenum%20blue%20method" title=" molybdenum blue method"> molybdenum blue method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorimetric%20assay" title=" colorimetric assay"> colorimetric assay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134960/a-highly-sensitive-dip-strip-for-detection-of-phosphate-in-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">486</span> Using Morlet Wavelet Filter to Denoising Geoelectric ‘Disturbances’ Map of Moroccan Phosphate Deposit ‘Disturbances’</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Bakkali">Saad Bakkali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Morocco is a major producer of phosphate, with an annual output of 19 million tons and reserves in excess of 35 billion cubic meters. This represents more than 75% of world reserves. Resistivity surveys have been successfully used in the Oulad Abdoun phosphate basin. A Schlumberger resistivity survey over an area of 50 hectares was carried out. A new field procedure based on analytic signal response of resistivity data was tested to deal with the presence of phosphate deposit disturbances. A resistivity map was expected to allow the electrical resistivity signal to be imaged in 2D. 2D wavelet is standard tool in the interpretation of geophysical potential field data. Wavelet transform is particularly suitable in denoising, filtering and analyzing geophysical data singularities. Wavelet transform tools are applied to analysis of a moroccan phosphate deposit ‘disturbances’. Wavelet approach applied to modeling surface phosphate “disturbances” was found to be consistently useful. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title="resistivity">resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schlumberger" title=" Schlumberger"> Schlumberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title=" phosphate"> phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet" title=" wavelet"> wavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36526/using-morlet-wavelet-filter-to-denoising-geoelectric-disturbances-map-of-moroccan-phosphate-deposit-disturbances" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">485</span> Enhancing Protein Incorporation in Calcium Phosphate Coating on Titanium by Rapid Biomimetic Co-Precipitation Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Suwanprateeb">J. Suwanprateeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Thammarakcharoen"> F. Thammarakcharoen </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calcium phosphate coating (CaP) has been employed for protein delivery, but the typical direct protein adsorption on the coating led to low incorporation content and fast release of the protein from the coating. By using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein, rapid biomimetic co-precipitation between calcium phosphate and BSA was employed to control the distribution of BSA within calcium phosphate coating during biomimetic formation on titanium surface for only 6 h at 50 oC in an accelerated calcium phosphate solution. As a result, the amount of BSA incorporation and release duration could be increased by using a rapid biomimetic co-precipitation technique. Up to 43 fold increases in the BSA incorporation content and the increase from 6 h to more than 360 h in release duration compared to typical direct adsorption technique were observed depending on the initial BSA concentration used during co-precipitation (1, 10, and 100 microgram/ml). From X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies, the coating composition was not altered with the incorporation of BSA by this rapid biomimetic co-precipitation and mainly comprised octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. However, the microstructure of calcium phosphate crystals changed from straight, plate-like units to curved, plate-like units with increasing BSA content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomimetic" title="biomimetic">biomimetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Calcium%20Phosphate%20Coating" title=" Calcium Phosphate Coating"> Calcium Phosphate Coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium" title=" titanium"> titanium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13016/enhancing-protein-incorporation-in-calcium-phosphate-coating-on-titanium-by-rapid-biomimetic-co-precipitation-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">484</span> Mineralogical Characteristics of Phosphates from the Djebel Onk Deposits: Treatment and Valorization of Co-Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Tlili">Samira Tlili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Grairia"> Amina Grairia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihem%20Benayache"> Sihem Benayache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saida%20Bouyegh"> Saida Bouyegh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Ladjama"> Sabrina Ladjama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmoumen%20Guedri"> Abdelmoumen Guedri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorites from Djebel Onk Tebessa/Algeria deposit contain a CaO of 50-52 wt. % and P₂O₅ level of ≥ 30.20 wt. %. The microstructure revealed using a spectroscopy electronic microscope (SEM) consists of phosphate granules with an ovular form. In this investigation, we have identified phosphate with varying particle sizes using mineralogical methods. The phosphogypsum formed by the mineralization of natural phosphate has also been discovered. This co-product was formed during the attack on natural phosphates by sulfuric acid. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of the thermoanalytical technique of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction, and EDS/MEB analysis. FTIR analyses also validated the identification of mineral phases with the observation of bands from structural phosphate groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title="phosphate">phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djebel%20Onk%20deposit" title=" Djebel Onk deposit"> Djebel Onk deposit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogy" title=" mineralogy"> mineralogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title=" valorization"> valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphogypsum" title=" phosphogypsum"> phosphogypsum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191994/mineralogical-characteristics-of-phosphates-from-the-djebel-onk-deposits-treatment-and-valorization-of-co-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">483</span> Effects of Bacteria on Levels of AFM1 in Phosphate Buffer at Different Level of Energy Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20M.%20Elgerbi">Ali M. Elgerbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obied%20A.%20Alwan"> Obied A. Alwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Taher%20O.%20Alzwei"> Al-Taher O. Alzwei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahim%20A.%20Elouzi"> Abdurrahim A. Elouzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The binding of AFM1 to bacteria in phosphate buffer solution depended on many factors such as: availability of energy, incubation period, species and strain of bacteria. Increase in concentration of sugar showed higher removal of AFM1 and faster than in phosphate buffer alone. With 1.0% glucose lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria showed toxin removal ranging from 7.7 to 39.7% whereas with 10.0% glucose the percentage removal was 21.8 to 45.4% at 96 hours of incubation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aflatoxin%20M1" title="aflatoxin M1">aflatoxin M1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifidobacteria" title=" bifidobacteria "> bifidobacteria </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding" title=" binding"> binding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20buffer" title=" phosphate buffer "> phosphate buffer </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875/effects-of-bacteria-on-levels-of-afm1-in-phosphate-buffer-at-different-level-of-energy-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">482</span> The Hydrolysis of Phosphate Esters Can Be Enhanced by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20S.%20Sasi">Mohamed S. Sasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research project aim is to study the hydrolysis of 8-diethylphosphate-1-naphthalenol with hydroxylamine in water. 8-diethylphosphate-1-naphthalenol, 1 was successfully synthesized and its rate of reaction with hydroxylamine was studied at 60°C. Pseudo first order behavior was observed. The rate of P-O cleavage of 1 at 60°C (7.43 x 10-3 M-1s-1) was found to be 178 fold and 7 fold slower than diethyl 8-dimethylamino-1-naphthyl phosphate, 3 at 60°C (1.32 M-1s-1) and diethyl 8-amino-1-naphthyl phosphate, 2 at 90 °C (5.5 x 10-2 M-1s-1) respectively. The rate of P-O cleavage of 1 with hydroxylamine was found to be faster than that of 4-chlorophenyl-1-cyclopropylphosphate triester, 5 where the reaction was too slow to observe at 60°C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20esters" title="phosphate esters">phosphate esters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intramolecular%20hydrogen%20bonding" title=" intramolecular hydrogen bonding"> intramolecular hydrogen bonding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14160/the-hydrolysis-of-phosphate-esters-can-be-enhanced-by-intramolecular-hydrogen-bonding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">481</span> Tricalcium Phosphate-Chitosan Composites for Tissue Engineering Applications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Voicu">G. Voicu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20D.%20Ghitulica"> C. D. Ghitulica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cucuruz"> A. Cucuruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Busuioc"> C. Busuioc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the field of tissue engineering, the compositional and microstructural features of the employed materials play an important role, with implications on the mechanical and biological behaviour of the medical devices. In this context, the development of calcium phosphate-natural biopolymer composites represents a choice of many scientific groups. Thus, tricalcium phosphate powders were synthesized by a wet method, namely co-precipitation, starting from high purity reagents. Moreover, the substitution of calcium with magnesium have been approached, in the 5-10 wt.% range. Afterwards, the phosphate powders were integrated into two types of composites with chitosan, different from morphological point of view. First, 3D porous scaffolds were obtained by a freeze-drying procedure. Second, uniform compact films were achieved by film casting. The influence of chitosan molecular weight (low, medium and high), as well as phosphate powder to polymer ratio (1:1 and 1:2) on the morphological properties, were analysed in detail. In conclusion, the reported biocomposites, prepared by a straightforward route are suitable for bone substitution or repairing applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20reconstruction" title="bone reconstruction">bone reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20scaffolds" title=" composite scaffolds"> composite scaffolds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tricalcium%20phosphate" title=" tricalcium phosphate"> tricalcium phosphate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62713/tricalcium-phosphate-chitosan-composites-for-tissue-engineering-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">480</span> High Phosphate-Containing Foods and Beverages: Perceptions of the Future Healthcare Providers on Their Harmful Effect in Excessive Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ATM%20Emdadul%20Haque">ATM Emdadul Haque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorus is an essential nutrient which is regularly consumed with food and exists in the body as phosphate. Phosphate is an important component of cellular structures and needed for bone mineralization. Excessive accumulation of phosphate is an important driving factor of mortality in chronic renal failure patients; of relevance, these patients are usually provided health care by doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. Hence, this study was planned to determine the level of awareness of the future healthcare providers about the phosphate-containing foods and beverages and to access their knowledge on the harmful effects of excess phosphate consumption. A questionnaire was developed and distributed among the year-1 medical, nursing and pharmacy students. 432 medical, nursing and pharmacy students responded with age ranging from 18-24 years. About 70% of the respondents were female with a majority (90.7%) from Malay ethnicity. Among the respondents, 29.9% were medical, 35.4% were the pharmacy and 34.7% were nursing students. 79.2% students knew that phosphate was an important component of the body, but only 61.8% knew that consuming too much phosphate could be harmful to the body. Despite 97% of the students knew that carbonated soda contained high sugar, surprisingly 77% of them did not know the presence of high phosphate in the same soda drinks; in the similar line of observation, 67% did not know the presence of it in the fast food. However, it was encouraging that 94% of the students wanted to know more about the effects of phosphate consumption, 74.3% were willing to give up drinking soda and eating fast food, and 52% considered taking green coconut water instead of soda drinks. It is, therefore, central to take an educational initiative to increase the awareness of the future healthcare providers about phosphate-containing food and its harmful effects in excessive consumptions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20phosphate%20containing%20foods%20and%20beverages" title="high phosphate containing foods and beverages">high phosphate containing foods and beverages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excessive%20consumption" title=" excessive consumption"> excessive consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20health%20care%20providers" title=" future health care providers"> future health care providers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11692/high-phosphate-containing-foods-and-beverages-perceptions-of-the-future-healthcare-providers-on-their-harmful-effect-in-excessive-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">479</span> Sintered Phosphate Cement for HLW Encapsulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20M.%20Nelwamondo">S. M. M. Nelwamondo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20C.%20M.%20H.%20Meyer"> W. C. M. H. Meyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Krieg"> H. Krieg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presence of volatile radionuclides in high level waste (HLW) in the nuclear industry limits the use of high temperature encapsulation technologies (glass and ceramic). Chemically bonded phosphate cement (CBPC) matrixes can be used for encapsulation of low level waste. This waste form is however not suitable for high level waste due to the radiolysis of water in these matrixes. In this research, the sintering behavior of the magnesium potassium phosphate cement waste forms was investigated. The addition of sintering aids resulted in the sintering of these phosphate cement matrixes into dense monoliths containing no water. Experimental evidence will be presented that this waste form can now be considered as a waste form for volatile radionuclides and high level waste as radiation studies indicated no chemical phase transition or physical degradation of this waste form. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemically%20bonded%20phosphate%20cements" title="chemically bonded phosphate cements">chemically bonded phosphate cements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HLW%20encapsulation" title=" HLW encapsulation"> HLW encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stability" title=" thermal stability"> thermal stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20stability" title=" radiation stability"> radiation stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30155/sintered-phosphate-cement-for-hlw-encapsulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">638</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">478</span> Phosphate Capture from Sewage by Hafnium-Modified Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles: Adsorption Capacity, Selectivity, Reusability Analysis and Mechanistic Insights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qian%20Zhao">Qian Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With global increasing demand for phosphorus and intensively depleting reserves, it is urgent need to explore innovative approaches towards capturing phosphate from sewage, which is also an effective way to reduce phosphate contamination and avoid eutrophication of water bodies. In the present article, the superparamagnetic nano-sorbents containing Fe₃O₄ core and hafnium-modified MgAl/MgFe layered double hydroxides shell (abbreviated as MgAlHf-NP and MgFeHf-NP) was developed using a simple and low-cost synthesis protocol. The obtained Hf-coated nano-materials showed well-defined crystal structure and sufficient saturation magnetization and exhibited higher adsorption capacity for phosphate. Meanwhile, high selectivity was also confirmed since coexisting foreign anions and biomacromolecules showed little competitive effect on phosphate adsorption. The enhancement via doping with Hf should be explained by the stronger ligand complexation built by the pair of hard acid Hf ion and hard base phosphate that matched up the bonding preferences. Sufficient OH⁻ concentration and clear pH shift during the desorption/regeneration allowed for regeneration rate of higher than 90% after 5 cycles of adsorption desorption. This article attempts to provide a competitive candidate for phosphate-capture, which is highly effective, easily separable and repeatedly usable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20recovery" title="phosphate recovery">phosphate recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superparamagnetic" title=" superparamagnetic"> superparamagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reusability" title=" reusability"> reusability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109645/phosphate-capture-from-sewage-by-hafnium-modified-fe3o4-at-sio2-superparamagnetic-nanoparticles-adsorption-capacity-selectivity-reusability-analysis-and-mechanistic-insights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">477</span> Investigation of Dissolution in Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate Solutions of Gypsum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban">Turan Çalban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nursel%20Keskin"> Nursel Keskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) is a mineral that is found in large quantities in the Turkey and in the World. The dissolution of this mineral in the diammonium hydrogen phosphate solutions has not been studied so far. Investigation of the dissolution and dissolution kinetics gypsum in diammonium hydrogen phosphate solutions will be useful for evaluating of solid wastes containing gypsum. In this study, parameters such as diammonium hydrogen phosphate concentration, temperature and stirring speed affecting on the dissolution rate of the gypsum in diammonium hydrogen phosphate solutions were investigated. In experimental studies have researched effectiveness of the selected parameters. The dissolution of gypsum were examined in two parts at low and high temperatures. The experimental results were successfully correlated by linear regression using Statistica program. Dissolution curves were evaluated shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. The activation energy was found to be 34.58 kJ/mol and 44.45 kJ/mol for the low and the high temperatures. The dissolution of gypsum was controlled by chemical reaction both low temperatures and high temperatures. Reaction rate expressions of dissolution of gypsum at the low temperatures and the high temperatures controlled by chemical reaction are as follows, respectively. = k1.e-5159.5/T.t = k2.e-5346.8/T.t Where k1 and k2 are constants depending on the diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution concentration, the solid/liquid ratio, the stirring speed and the particle size. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diammonium%20hydrogen%20phosphate" title="diammonium hydrogen phosphate">diammonium hydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissolution%20kinetics" title=" dissolution kinetics"> dissolution kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gypsum" title=" gypsum"> gypsum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics." title=" kinetics."> kinetics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27332/investigation-of-dissolution-in-diammonium-hydrogen-phosphate-solutions-of-gypsum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">476</span> Phosphate Regulation of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Symbiosis in Rice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debatosh%20Das">Debatosh Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moxian%20Chen"> Moxian Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianhua%20Zhang"> Jianhua Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caroline%20Gutjahr"> Caroline Gutjahr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is a mutualistic symbiosis between plant roots and Glomeromycotina fungi, which is activated under low but inhibited by high phosphate. The effect of phosphate on AM development has been observed for many years, but mechanisms regulating it under contrasting phosphate levels remain unknown. Based on previous observations that promoters of several AM functional genes contain PHR binding motifs, we hypothesized that PHR2, a master regulator of phosphate starvation response in rice, was recruited to regulate AM symbiosis development. We observed a drastic reduction in root colonization and significant AM transcriptome modulation in phr2. PHR2 targets genes required for root colonization and AM signaling. The role of PHR2 in improving root colonization, mycorrhizal phosphate uptake, and growth response was confirmed in field soil. In conclusion, rice PHR2, which is considered a master regulator of phosphate starvation responses, acts as a positive regulator of AM symbiosis between Glomeromycotina fungi and rice roots. PHR2 directly targets the transcription of plant strigolactone and AM genes involved in the establishment of this symbiosis. Our work facilitates an understanding of ways to enhance AMF propagule populations introduced in field soils (as a biofertilizer) in order to restore the natural plant-AMF networks disrupted by modern agricultural practices. We show that PHR2 is required for AM-mediated improvement of rice yield in low phosphate paddy field soil. Thus, our work contributes knowledge for rational application of AM in sustainable agriculture. Our data provide important insights into the regulation of AM by the plant phosphate status, which has a broad significance in agriculture and terrestrial ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofertilizer" title="biofertilizer">biofertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title=" phosphate"> phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mycorrhiza" title=" mycorrhiza"> mycorrhiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title=" rice"> rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symbiosis" title=" symbiosis"> symbiosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156401/phosphate-regulation-of-arbuscular-mycorrhiza-symbiosis-in-rice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">475</span> Choice of Optimal Methods for Processing Phosphate Raw Materials into Complex Mineral Fertilizers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Norov">Andrey Norov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the generalization of scientific and production experience and the latest developments of JSC “NIUIF”, the oldest (founded in September 1919) and the only Russian research institute for phosphorus-containing fertilizers, this paper shows the factors that determine the reasonable choice of a method for processing phosphate raw materials into complex fertilizers. These factors primarily include the composition of phosphate raw materials and the impurities contained in it, as well as some parameters of the process mode, wastelessness, ecofriendliness, energy saving, maximum use of the heat of chemical reactions, fire and explosion safety, efficiency, productive capacity, the required product range and the possibility of creating flexible technologies, compliance with BAT principles, etc. The presented data allow to choose the right technology for complex granular fertilizers, depending on the abovementioned factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BAT" title="BAT">BAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecofriendliness" title=" ecofriendliness"> ecofriendliness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title=" energy saving"> energy saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20raw%20materials" title=" phosphate raw materials"> phosphate raw materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastelessness" title=" wastelessness"> wastelessness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159531/choice-of-optimal-methods-for-processing-phosphate-raw-materials-into-complex-mineral-fertilizers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">474</span> Biosynthesis of Silver-Phosphate Nanoparticles Using the Extracellular Polymeric Substance of Sporosarcina pasteurii</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadhosein%20Rahimi">Mohammadhosein Rahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Raouf%20Hosseini"> Mohammad Raouf Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehran%20Bakhshi"> Mehran Bakhshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Baghbanan"> Alireza Baghbanan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Silver ions (Ag<sup>+</sup>) and their compounds are consequentially toxic to microorganisms, showing biocidal effects on many species of bacteria. Silver-phosphate (or silver orthophosphate) is one of these compounds, which is famous for its antimicrobial effect and catalysis application. In the present study, a green method was presented to synthesis silver-phosphate nanoparticles using <em>Sporosarcina pasteurii</em>. The composition of the biosynthesized nanoparticles was identified as Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Also, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles was synthesized in the presence of biosurfactants, enzymes, and proteins. In addition, UV-Vis adsorption of the produced colloidal suspension approved the results of XRD and FTIR analyses. Finally, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images indicated that the size of the nanoparticles was about 20 nm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosynthesis" title=" biosynthesis"> biosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver-phosphate" title=" silver-phosphate"> silver-phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sporosarcina%20pasteurii" title=" Sporosarcina pasteurii"> Sporosarcina pasteurii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticle" title=" nanoparticle"> nanoparticle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57439/biosynthesis-of-silver-phosphate-nanoparticles-using-the-extracellular-polymeric-substance-of-sporosarcina-pasteurii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">473</span> Effect of Phosphate and Zinc Biofertilizers on Seed Yield and Molar Ratio of Phytic Acid to Zinc in Two Cultivars of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mohammadi">M. Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to evaluate the effect of phosphate and Zn bio-fertilizers on the yield, phytic acid (PA), Zn concentration and PA/Zn molar ratio in bean, a field experiment was carried out for two years. The treatments included two cultivars of bean (Talash and Sadri), four levels of P (P<sub>0</sub>, P<sub>1</sub>: 100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> triple super phosphate (TSP), P2: 50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> TSP + phosphate bio-fertilizer, P<sub>3</sub>: phosphate bio-fertilizer), three levels of Zn (Zn<sub>0</sub>, Zn<sub>1</sub>: 50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> ZnSO4, Zn<sub>2</sub>: Zn bio-fertilizer). Phosphate bio-fertilizer consisted of inoculum of mycorrhizal fungus and Azotobacter and Zn bio-fertilizer consisted of Pseudomonas bacteria. The results revealed that there was significant difference between yield and Zn concentration between years. The effect of cultivar was significant on studied parameters. The lowest content of PA and PA/Zn were obtained from Talash. P treatment caused to significant difference on parameters in which P<sub>2</sub> caused to increase yield, P and Zn concentration, and decrease PA and PA/Zn by 21.8%, 38.2%, 33.4%, 17.4% and 38.6% respectively. Zn treatment caused to significant difference on studied parameters. The maximum number of parameters were obtained from Zn<sub>1</sub> and Zn<sub>2</sub>. The higher Zn concentration led to lower content of PA and PA/Zn. Using of P and Zn bio–fertilizers were caused to increasing nutrient uptake, improving growth condition and reducing PA and PA/Zn molar ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mycorrhizae" title="mycorrhizae">mycorrhizae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudomonas" title=" pseudomonas"> pseudomonas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc" title=" zinc"> zinc</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61360/effect-of-phosphate-and-zinc-biofertilizers-on-seed-yield-and-molar-ratio-of-phytic-acid-to-zinc-in-two-cultivars-of-bean-phaseolus-vulgaris-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61360.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">472</span> Removal and/or Recovery of Phosphates by Precipitation as Ferric Phosphate from the Effluent of a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyriaki%20Kalaitzidou">Kyriaki Kalaitzidou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athanasia%20Tolkou"> Athanasia Tolkou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Raptopoulou"> Christina Raptopoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manassis%20Mitrakas"> Manassis Mitrakas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasios%20Zouboulis"> Anastasios Zouboulis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphate rock is the main source of phosphorous (P) in fertilizers and is essential for high crop yield in agriculture; currently, it is considered as a critical element, phasing scarcity. Chemical precipitation, which is a commonly used method of phosphorous removal from wastewaters, finds its significance in that phosphates may be precipitated in appropriate chemical forms that can be reused-recovered. Most often phosphorous is removed from wastewaters in the form of insoluble phosphate salts, by using salts (coagulants) of multivalent metal ions, most frequently iron, aluminum, calcium, or magnesium. The removal degree is affected by various factors, such as pH, chemical agent dose, temperature, etc. In this study, phosphate precipitation from the secondary (biologically treated) effluent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant is examined. Using chlorosulfate (FeClSO4) it was attempted to either remove and/or recover PO43-. Results showed that the use of Fe3+ can achieve residual concentrations lower than the commonly applied legislation limit of PO43- (i.e. 3 mg PO43-/L) by adding 7.5 mg/L Fe3+ in the secondary effluent with an initial concentration of about 10 mg PO43-/L and at pH range between 6 to 9. In addition, the formed sediment has a percentage of almost 24% PO43- content. Therefore, simultaneous removal and recovery of PO43- as ferric phosphate can be achieved, making it possible for the ferric phosphate to be re-used as a possible (secondary) fertilizer source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferric%20phosphate" title="ferric phosphate">ferric phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus%20recovery" title=" phosphorus recovery"> phosphorus recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus%20removal" title=" phosphorus removal"> phosphorus removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23640/removal-andor-recovery-of-phosphates-by-precipitation-as-ferric-phosphate-from-the-effluent-of-a-municipal-wastewater-treatment-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">471</span> Study of Divalent Phosphate Iron-Oxide Precursor Recycling Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shinn-Dar%20Wu">Shinn-Dar Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to synthesize lithium iron phosphate cathode material using a recycling technology involving non-protective gas calcination. The advantages include lower cost and easier production than traditional methods that require a large amount of protective gas. The novel technology may have extensive industrial applications. Given that the traditional gas calcination has a large number of protection free Fe3+ production, this study developed a precursor iron phosphate (Fe2+) material recycling technology and conducted related tests and analyses. It focused on flow field design of calcination and new technology as well as analyzed the best conditions for powder calcination combination. The electrical properties were determined by button batteries and exhibited a capacity of 118 mAh/g (The use of new materials synthesis, capacitance is about 122 mAh/g). The cost reduced to 50% of the original. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20battery" title="lithium battery">lithium battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20iron%20phosphate" title=" lithium iron phosphate"> lithium iron phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcined%20technology" title=" calcined technology"> calcined technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling%20technology" title=" recycling technology"> recycling technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5225/study-of-divalent-phosphate-iron-oxide-precursor-recycling-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">470</span> Dissolution Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite in Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bet%C3%BCl%20%C3%96zgen%C3%A7">Betül Özgenç</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban"> Turan Çalban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was investigate the leaching kinetics of ulexite in disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions in a mechanical agitation system. Reaction temperature, concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions, stirring speed, solid/liquid ratio and ulexite particle size were selected as parameters. The experimental results were successfully correlated by linear regression using Statistica program. Dissolution curves were evaluated shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. It was observed that increase in the reaction temperature and decrease in the solid/liquid ratio causes an increase the dissolution rate of ulexite. The activation energy was found to be 63.4 kJ/mol. The leaching of ulexite was controlled by chemical reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulexite" title="ulexite">ulexite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disodium%20hydrogen%20phosphate" title=" disodium hydrogen phosphate"> disodium hydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27457/dissolution-leaching-kinetics-of-ulexite-in-disodium-hydrogen-phosphate-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">469</span> Studies on Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk Ash under Sodium Phosphate Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dharmana%20Pradeep">Dharmana Pradeep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandan%20Kumar%20Patnaikuni"> Chandan Kumar Patnaikuni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20V.%20S.%20Venugopal"> N. V. S. Venugopal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rice Husk Ash (RHA) is a green product contains carbon and also loaded with silica. For the development of durability and strength of any concrete, curing phenomenon shall be very important. In this communication, we reported the exposure of partial replacement of cement with RHA at different percentages of 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% by weight under sodium phosphate curing atmosphere. The mix is designed for M40 grade concrete with the proportions of 1:2.2:3.72. The tests conducted on concrete was a compressive strength, and the specimens were cured in normal water & exposed to the chemical solution for 7, 28 & 56 days. For chemical curing 0.5% & 1% concentrated sodium phosphates were used and were compared with normal concrete strength results. The strength of specimens of 1% sodium phosphate exposure showed that the compressive strength decreased with increase in RHA percentages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20husk%20ash" title="rice husk ash">rice husk ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20phosphate" title=" sodium phosphate"> sodium phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing" title=" curing"> curing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67999/studies-on-partial-replacement-of-cement-by-rice-husk-ash-under-sodium-phosphate-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">468</span> Dissolution Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite in Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Teke">Emine Teke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban"> Turan Çalban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study was to investigate the dissolution kinetics of ulexite in sodium dihydrogen phosphate in a mechanical agitation system and also to declare an alternative reactant to produce the boric acid. Reaction temperature, concentration of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, stirring speed, solid-liquid ratio, and ulexite particle size were selected as parameters. The experimental results were successfully correlated by using linear regression and a statistical program. Dissolution curves were evaluated in order to test the shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. It was observed that increase in the reaction temperature and decrease in the solid/liquid ratio causes an increase in the dissolution rate of ulexite. The activation energy was found to be 36.4 kJ/mol. The leaching of ulexite was controlled by diffusion through the ash (or product) layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulexite" title="ulexite">ulexite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20dihydrogen%20phosphate" title=" sodium dihydrogen phosphate"> sodium dihydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boron" title=" boron"> boron</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51920/dissolution-leaching-kinetics-of-ulexite-in-sodium-dihydrogen-phosphate-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">467</span> Reducing The Frequency of Flooding Accompanied by Low pH Wastewater In 100/200 Unit of Phosphate Fertilizer 1 Plant by Implementing The 3R Program (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradipta%20Risang%20Ratna%20Sambawa">Pradipta Risang Ratna Sambawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Driya%20Herseta"> Driya Herseta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahendra%20Fajri%20Nugraha"> Mahendra Fajri Nugraha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2020, PT Petrokimia Gresik implemented a program to increase the ROP (Run Of Pile) production rate at the Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant, causing an increase in scrubbing water consumption in the 100/200 area unit. This increase in water consumption causes a higher discharge of wastewater, which can further cause local flooding, especially during the rainy season. The 100/200 area of the Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant is close to the warehouse and is often a passing area for trucks transporting raw materials. This causes the pH in the wastewater to become acidic (the worst point is up to pH 1). The problem of flooding and exposure to acidic wastewater in the 100/200 area of Phosphate Fertilizer Plant 1 was then resolved by PT Petrokimia Gresik through wastewater optimization steps called the 3R program (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle). The 3R (Reduce, reuse, and recycle) program consists of an air consumption reduction program by considering the liquid/gas ratio in scrubbing unit of 100/200 Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant, creating a wastewater interconnection line so that wastewater from unit 100/200 can be used as scrubbing water in the Phonska 1, Phonska 2, Phonska 3 and unit 300 Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant and increasing scrubbing effectiveness through scrubbing effectiveness simulations. Through a series of wastewater optimization programs, PT Petrokimia Gresik has succeeded in reducing NaOH consumption for neutralization up to 2,880 kg/day or equivalent in saving up to 314,359.76 dollars/year and reducing process water consumption up to 600 m3/day or equivalent in saving up to 63,739.62 dollars/year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer" title="fertilizer">fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20fertilizer" title=" phosphate fertilizer"> phosphate fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management" title=" water management"> water management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188842/reducing-the-frequency-of-flooding-accompanied-by-low-ph-wastewater-in-100200-unit-of-phosphate-fertilizer-1-plant-by-implementing-the-3r-program-reduce-reuse-and-recycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">466</span> Evaluation of Compressive Mechanical Properties of the Radial Bone Defect Treated with Selected Bone Graft Substitute Materials in Rabbit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Gholipoor%20Bashiri">Omid Gholipoor Bashiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghafur%20Mosavi"> Ghafur Mosavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliasghar%20Behnamghader"> Aliasghar Behnamghader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mahmood%20Rabiee"> Seyed Mahmood Rabiee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To determine the effect of selected bone graft on the compression properties of radial bone in rabbit. Design-Experimental in vivo study. Animals: A total of 45 adult male New Zealand white rabbits. Procedures: The rabbits were anesthetized and a one-cm-full thickness piece of radial bone was removed using oscillating saw in the all rabbit. The rabbits were divided into 5 groups on the basis of the material used to fill the bone defect: group 1: the paste of bone cement calcium phosphate; group II: the paste of calcium phosphate mixture with type I collagen; group III: tricalcium phosphate mixed with hydroxyapatite (TCP & HP) with 5% porosity; group IV: the same scaffold as group III with 10% porosity; and group V: the same scaffold as group III and IV with 20% porosity, with 9 rabbits in each group. Subsequently subdivided into 3 subgroups of 3 rabbits each. Results: There was a significant increase in compression properties of radial bone in the group II and V in 2nd and 3rd months as compared with groups I, III and IV. The mean endurable crack-strength in group II and V were slightly higher than that of normal radius (P<0.05). Conclusion and clinical relevance: Application of calcium phosphate paste with type I collagen and scaffold of tricalcium phosphate with hydroxyapatite having 20% porosity indicated to have positive effect in integral formation of qualitative callus at the site of fracture and early re-organization of callus to regain mechanical strength too. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium%20phosphate" title="calcium phosphate">calcium phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tricalcium%20phosphate" title=" tricalcium phosphate"> tricalcium phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxyapatite" title=" hydroxyapatite"> hydroxyapatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20bone" title=" radial bone"> radial bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20properties" title=" compressive properties"> compressive properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%20i%20collagen" title=" type i collagen"> type i collagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rabbit" title=" rabbit"> rabbit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9365/evaluation-of-compressive-mechanical-properties-of-the-radial-bone-defect-treated-with-selected-bone-graft-substitute-materials-in-rabbit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">465</span> Radon-222 Concentration and Potential Risk to Workers of Al-Jalamid Phosphate Mines, North Province, Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El-Said.%20I.%20Shabana">El-Said. I. Shabana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20S.%20Tayeb"> Mohammad S. Tayeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20M.%20T.%20Qutub"> Maher M. T. Qutub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulraheem%20A.%20Kinsara"> Abdulraheem A. Kinsara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Usually, phosphate deposits contain <sup>238</sup>U and <sup>232</sup>Th in addition to their decay products. Due to their different pathways in the environment, the <sup>238</sup>U/<sup>232</sup>Th activity concentration ratio usually found to be greater than unity in phosphate sediments. The presence of these radionuclides creates a potential need to control exposure of workers in the mining and processing activities of the phosphate minerals in accordance with IAEA safety standards. The greatest dose to workers comes from exposure to radon, especially <sup>222</sup>Rn from the uranium series, and has to be controlled. In this regard, radon (<sup>222</sup>Rn) was measured in the atmosphere (indoor and outdoor) of Al-Jalamid phosphate-mines working area using a portable radon-measurement instrument RAD7, in a purpose of radiation protection. Radon was measured in 61 sites inside the open phosphate mines, the phosphate upgrading facility (offices and rooms of the workers, and in some open-air sites) and in the dwellings of the workers residence-village that lies at about 3 km from the mines working area. The obtained results indicated that the average indoor radon concentration was about 48.4 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>. Inside the upgrading facility, the average outdoor concentrations were 10.8 and 9.7 Bq/m<sup>3</sup> in the concentrate piles and crushing areas, respectively. It was 12.3 Bq/m<sup>3</sup> in the atmosphere of the open mines. These values are comparable with the global average values. Based on the average values, the annual effective dose due to radon inhalation was calculated and risk estimates have been done. The average annual effective dose to workers due to the radon inhalation was estimated by 1.32 mSv. The potential excess risk of lung cancer mortality that could be attributed to radon, when considering the lifetime exposure, was estimated by 53.0x10<sup>-4</sup>. The results have been discussed in detail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dosimetry" title="dosimetry">dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20monitoring" title=" environmental monitoring"> environmental monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20deposits" title=" phosphate deposits"> phosphate deposits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title=" radiation protection"> radiation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radon" title=" radon"> radon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52996/radon-222-concentration-and-potential-risk-to-workers-of-al-jalamid-phosphate-mines-north-province-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52996.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">464</span> The Flotation Device Designed to Treat Phosphate Rock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Q.%20Zhang">Z. Q. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Zhang"> Y. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20L.%20Li"> D. L. Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To overcome the some shortcomings associated with traditional flotation machines and columns in collophanite flotation, a flotation device was designed and fabricated in the laboratory. A multi-impeller pump with same function as a mechanical cell was used instead of the injection sparger and circulation pump in column flotation unit. The influence of main operational parameters of the device like feed flow rate, air flow rate and impellers’ speed on collophanite flotation was analyzed. Experiment results indicate that the influence of the operational parameters were significant on flotation recovery and grade of phosphate concentrate. The best operating conditions of the device were: feed flow rate 0.62 L/min, air flow rate 6.67 L/min and impellers speed 900 rpm. At these conditions, a phosphate concentrate assaying about 30.5% P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and 1% MgO with a P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> recovery of about 81% was obtained from a Yuan'an phosphate ore sample containing about 22.30% P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and 3.2% MgO. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collophanite%20flotation" title="collophanite flotation">collophanite flotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flotation%20columns" title=" flotation columns"> flotation columns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flotation%20machines" title=" flotation machines"> flotation machines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-impeller%20pump" title=" multi-impeller pump"> multi-impeller pump</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76296/the-flotation-device-designed-to-treat-phosphate-rock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">463</span> Controlling the Surface Morphology of the Biocompatible Hydroxyapatite Layer Deposited by Using a Flame-Coating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabaa%20M.%20Abdul%20Rahim">Nabaa M. Abdul Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.Kadhim"> Mohammed A.Kadhim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadhil%20K.%20Fuliful"> Fadhil K. Fuliful</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A biocompatible layer is prepared from calcium phosphate, which plays a role in building damaged bones and is used in many applications. In this research, calcium phosphate is coated on stainless steel substrates (SS 316) by using the flame coating. FE-SEM images show that the behavior of the sample surfaces varies with distance, at 3cm, appeared with nanostructures of bumps shaped of diameter about 317 nm. The contents of the elements are analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The chemical elements C, Ca, Fe, Ni, Cr, Mn and O corresponding to calcium phosphate and the alloy are revealed by EDX analysis of the coating layer. XRD patterns for the calcium phosphate layers indicate the formation of the Hap layer on the deposited layers. The samples are immersed in a solution of simulated body fluids (SBF) for 21 days to examine the biocompatibility, as the tests show that the calcium phosphate ratio of 1.65 is the appropriate and biocompatible ratio in the human body. The assays show antibacterial activity using the diffusion disk procedure. On the surface of the agar, observed infested E.coli bacteria and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Bacteria grow on the entire agar rather than in some areas around some samples at a distance of 3 cm from the flame hole. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomaterial" title="biomaterial">biomaterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20coating" title=" flame coating"> flame coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title=" antibacterial activity"> antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel" title=" stainless steel"> stainless steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161818/controlling-the-surface-morphology-of-the-biocompatible-hydroxyapatite-layer-deposited-by-using-a-flame-coating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">462</span> Reducing the Incidence of Hyperphosphatemia in Patients Receiving Dialysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsai%20Su%20Hui">Tsai Su Hui </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hyperphosphatemia in patients receiving dialysis can cause hyperparathyroidism, which can lead to renal osteodystrophy, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Data showed that 26% of patients receiving dialysis had blood phosphate levels of >6.0 mg/dl at this unit from January to March 2017, higher than the Taiwan Society of Nephrology evaluation criteria of < 20%. After analysis, possible reasons included: 1. Incomprehensive education for nurse and lack of relevant training. 2. Insufficient assistive aids for nursing health education instruction. 3. Patients were unsure which foods are high or low in phosphate. 4. Patients did not have habits of taking medicine with them and how to correctly administer the medication. Purpose: To reduce the percentage of patients receiving dialysis with blood phosphate levels of >6.0 mg/dl to less than 20% at this unit. Method: (1) Improve understanding of hyperphosphatemia and food for patients receiving dialysis and their families, (2) Acquire more nursing instruction assistive aids and improve knowledge of hyperphosphatemia for nurse. Results: After implementing the project, the percentage of patients receiving dialysis with blood phosphate levels of >6.0 mg/dl decreased from 26.0% to 18.8% at this unit. By implementing the project, the professional skills of nurse improved, blood phosphate levels of patients receiving dialysis were reduced, and the quality of care for patients receiving dialysis at this unit was enhanced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemodialysis" title="hemodialysis">hemodialysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperphosphatemia" title=" hyperphosphatemia"> hyperphosphatemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incidence" title=" incidence"> incidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reducing" title=" reducing"> reducing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105223/reducing-the-incidence-of-hyperphosphatemia-in-patients-receiving-dialysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">461</span> Substitution of Phosphate with Liquid Smoke as a Binder on the Quality of Chicken Nugget</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Abustam">E. Abustam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yusuf"> M. Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Said"> M. I. Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of functional properties of the meat is decrease of water holding capacity (WHC) during rigor mortis. At the time of pre-rigor, WHC is higher than post-rigor. The decline of WHC has implication to the other functional properties such as decreased cooking lost and yields resulting in lower elasticity and compactness of processed meat product. In many cases, the addition of phosphate in the meat will increase the functional properties of the meat such as WHC. Furthermore, liquid smoke has also been known in increasing the WHC of fresh meat. For food safety reasons, liquid smoke in the present study was used as a substitute to phosphate in production of chicken nuggets. This study aimed to know the effect of substitution of phosphate with liquid smoke on the quality of nuggets made from post-rigor chicken thigh and breast. The study was arranged using completely randomized design of factorial pattern 2x3 with three replications. Factor 1 was thigh and breast parts of the chicken, and factor 2 was different levels of liquid smoke in substitution to phosphate (0%, 50%, and 100%). The thigh and breast post-rigor broiler aged 40 days were used as the main raw materials in making nuggets. Auxiliary materials instead of meat were phosphate, liquid smoke at concentration of 10%, tapioca flour, salt, eggs and ice. Variables measured were flexibility, shear force value, cooking loss, elasticity level, and preferences. The results of this study showed that the substitution of phosphate with 100% liquid smoke resulting high quality nuggets. Likewise, the breast part of the meat showed higher quality nuggets than thigh part. This is indicated by high elasticity, low shear force value, low cooking loss, and a high level of preference of the nuggets. It can be concluded that liquid smoke can be used as a binder in making nuggets of chicken post-rigor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20smoke" title="liquid smoke">liquid smoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nugget%20quality" title=" nugget quality"> nugget quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title=" phosphate"> phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-rigor" title=" post-rigor"> post-rigor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54800/substitution-of-phosphate-with-liquid-smoke-as-a-binder-on-the-quality-of-chicken-nugget" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">460</span> The Effect of the Parameters of the Grinding on the Characteristics of the Deposit Phosphate Ore of Kef Es Sennoun, Djebel Onk-Tebessa, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Benabdeslam">N. Benabdeslam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Bouzidi"> N. Bouzidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Atmani"> F. Atmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Boucif"> R. Boucif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sakhri"> A. Sakhri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to provide answers for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved during grinding. To obtain a phosphate powder, we carry out sieving - grinding circuits for each parameter influencing the process. The analysis of the average particle size of the different tests carried out served in the first place as a basis for the determination of the granulometric curve area, the characteristics and the granular coefficients, then the exploitation of the different results for the calculation of the energies consumed for the fragmentation of different ore types, the energy coefficients as well as the ability to grind. Indeed, a time of 5 to 10 minutes can be chosen as the optimal grinding time in a disc mill for a % in weight of the highest pass. However, grinding time can influence the granular characteristics of ore. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20granular" title="characteristic granular">characteristic granular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grinding" title=" grinding"> grinding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogical%20composition" title=" mineralogical composition"> mineralogical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20ore" title=" phosphate ore"> phosphate ore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameters" title=" parameters"> parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88918/the-effect-of-the-parameters-of-the-grinding-on-the-characteristics-of-the-deposit-phosphate-ore-of-kef-es-sennoun-djebel-onk-tebessa-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta-tricalcium%20phosphate&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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