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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class=" story nytapp-vi-article" xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/24/world/europe/bbc-employees-stage-24hour-strike-to-protest-planned-job-cuts.html","20230305220649","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1678054009"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <title data-rh="true">BBC Employees Stage 24-Hour Strike to Protest Planned Job Cuts - The New York Times</title> <meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="noarchive, max-image-preview:large"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="Thousands of people, from technicians to news correspondents and anchors, stayed away from work at the British Broadcasting Corporation on Monday in a strike over the company's plans to cut nearly 4,000 jobs in the next three years. Although the BBC tried to keep its programs on the air, it had to curtail or cancel much of its live television and radio coverage because of the strike, set to last 24 hours. Among the programs to be canceled was the ''Today'' program, an influential morning news and current affairs radio broadcast. Listeners heard an announcer say, ''We are not able to bring you the 'Today' program because of industrial action,'' followed by repeats of, among other things, a program about jazz music. "/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305220649/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/24/world/europe/bbc-employees-stage-24hour-strike-to-protest-planned-job-cuts.html"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:type" content="article"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="BBC Employees Stage 24-Hour Strike to Protest Planned Job Cuts (Published 2005)"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305220649im_/https://static01.nyt.com/newsgraphics/images/icons/defaultPromoCrop.png?year=2005"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image:alt" content=""/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="Thousands of people, from technicians to news correspondents and anchors, stayed away from work at the British Broadcasting Corporation on Monday in a strike over the company's plans to cut nearly 4,000 jobs in the next three years. Although the BBC tried to keep its programs on the air, it had to curtail or cancel much of its live television and radio coverage because of the strike, set to last 24 hours. Among the programs to be canceled was the ''Today'' program, an influential morning news and current affairs radio broadcast. Listeners heard an announcer say, ''We are not able to bring you the 'Today' program because of industrial action,'' followed by repeats of, among other things, a program about jazz music. "/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:url" content="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/24/world/europe/bbc-employees-stage-24hour-strike-to-protest-planned-job-cuts.html"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:title" content="BBC Employees Stage 24-Hour Strike to Protest Planned Job Cuts (Published 2005)"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:description" content="Thousands of people, from technicians to news correspondents and anchors, stayed away from work at the British Broadcasting Corporation on Monday in a strike over the company's plans to cut nearly 4,000 jobs in the next three years. Although the BBC tried to keep its programs on the air, it had to curtail or cancel much of its live television and radio coverage because of the strike, set to last 24 hours. Among the programs to be canceled was the ''Today'' program, an influential morning news and current affairs radio broadcast. Listeners heard an announcer say, ''We are not able to bring you the 'Today' program because of industrial action,'' followed by repeats of, among other things, a program about jazz music. 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Anyone can read what you share.</p></div><button type="button" aria-label="close sharing tooltip"><svg class="" viewbox="0 0 12 12" stroke="#000" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" style="opacity:0.95"><line x1="11" y1="1" x2="1" y2="11"></line><line x1="1" y1="1" x2="11" y2="11"></line></svg></button><div class="css-1n1thlk"><div class="css-1w019mi"></div></div></div><div class="css-vxcmzt"><div class="css-113xjf1"><button type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="" aria-describedby="ap-gift-article-tooltip" aria-expanded="false" class="css-q1aqo6"><span class="gift-article-button css-aulw98"><svg width="19" height="19" viewbox="0 0 19 19"><path d="M18.04 5.293h-2.725c.286-.34.493-.74.606-1.17a2.875 2.875 0 0 0-.333-2.322A2.906 2.906 0 0 0 13.64.48a3.31 3.31 0 0 0-2.372.464 3.775 3.775 0 0 0-1.534 2.483l-.141.797-.142-.847A3.745 3.745 0 0 0 7.927.923 3.31 3.31 0 0 0 5.555.459 2.907 2.907 0 0 0 3.607 1.78a2.877 2.877 0 0 0-.333 2.321c.117.429.324.828.606 1.171H1.155a.767.767 0 0 0-.757.757v3.674a.767.767 0 0 0 .757.757h.424v7.53A1.01 1.01 0 0 0 2.588 19h14.13a1.01 1.01 0 0 0 1.01-.959v-7.56h.424a.758.758 0 0 0 .757-.757V6.05a.759.759 0 0 0-.868-.757Zm-7.196-1.625a2.665 2.665 0 0 1 1.01-1.736 2.24 2.24 0 0 1 1.574-.313 1.817 1.817 0 0 1 1.211.818 1.857 1.857 0 0 1 .202 1.453 2.2 2.2 0 0 1-.838 1.191h-3.431l.272-1.413ZM4.576 2.386a1.837 1.837 0 0 1 1.221-.817 2.23 2.23 0 0 1 1.565.313 2.624 2.624 0 0 1 1.01 1.736l.242 1.453H5.182a2.2 2.2 0 0 1-.838-1.19 1.857 1.857 0 0 1 .202-1.495h.03ZM1.548 6.424h7.54V9.39h-7.58l.04-2.967Zm1.181 4.128h6.359v7.287H2.729v-7.287Zm13.777 7.287h-6.348v-7.307h6.348v7.307Zm1.181-8.468h-7.53V6.404h7.53V9.37Z" fill="#121212" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></svg><span class="css-1egxmzr">Give this article</span><span class="css-11s78ai">Give this article</span><span class="css-1u3tlb2">Give this article</span></span></button></div></div></li><li class="css-1xlo06v"><div class="css-vxcmzt"><div class="css-113xjf1"><button type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="More sharing options ..." aria-describedby="" aria-expanded="false" class="css-1uhsiac"><svg width="23" height="18" viewbox="0 0 23 18" class="css-1wb2lb"><path d="M1.357 17.192a.663.663 0 0 1-.642-.81c1.82-7.955 6.197-12.068 12.331-11.68V1.127a.779.779 0 0 1 .42-.653.726.726 0 0 1 .78.106l8.195 6.986a.81.81 0 0 1 .253.557.82.82 0 0 1-.263.547l-8.196 6.955a.83.83 0 0 1-.779.105.747.747 0 0 1-.42-.663V11.29c-8.418-.905-10.974 5.177-11.08 5.45a.662.662 0 0 1-.6.453Zm10.048-7.26a16.37 16.37 0 0 1 2.314.158.81.81 0 0 1 .642.726v3.02l6.702-5.682-6.702-5.692v2.883a.767.767 0 0 1-.242.536.747.747 0 0 1-.547.18c-4.808-.537-8.364 1.85-10.448 6.922a11.679 11.679 0 0 1 8.28-3.093v.042Z" fill="#000" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></svg></button></div></div></li><li class="css-1xlo06v save-button"><button type="button" role="switch" class="css-1yccqtv" aria-label="Save article for reading later..." aria-checked="false" disabled=""><svg width="12" height="18" viewbox="0 0 12 18" class="css-swbuts"><g fill-rule="nonzero" stroke="#666" fill="none"><path fill="none" d="M1.157 1.268v14.288l4.96-3.813 4.753 3.843V1.268z"></path><path d="m12 18-5.9-4.756L0 17.98V1.014C0 .745.095.487.265.297.435.107.664 0 .904 0h10.192c.24 0 .47.107.64.297.169.19.264.448.264.717V18ZM1.157 1.268v14.288l4.96-3.813 4.753 3.843V1.268H1.158Z" fill="#121212"></path></g></svg></button></li></ul></div></div><div data-testid="byline-timestamp" class="css-xt80pu eakwutd0"><div class="css-103l8m3"><div class="css-1e2jphy epjyd6m1"><div class="css-233int epjyd6m0"><p class="css-4anu6l e1jsehar1"><span class="byline-prefix">By </span><span class="css-1baulvz last-byline" itemprop="name"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230305220649/https://www.nytimes.com/by/sarah-lyall" class="css-n8ff4n e1jsehar0">Sarah Lyall</a></span></p></div></div><div data-testid="reading-time-module" class="css-8atqhb"><ul class="css-1cgskve epjyd6m3"><li class="css-ccw2r3 epjyd6m2"><time class="css-1z1nqv e16638kd0" datetime="2005-05-24T01:00:00-04:00">May 24, 2005</time></li></ul></div></div></div></header><section name="articleBody" class="meteredContent css-1r7ky0e"><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">LONDON, May 23 - Thousands of people, from technicians to news correspondents and anchors, stayed away from work at the British Broadcasting Corporation on Monday in a strike over the company&#x27;s plans to cut nearly 4,000 jobs in the next three years.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Although the BBC tried to keep its programs on the air, it had to curtail or cancel much of its live television and radio coverage because of the strike, set to last 24 hours. Among the programs to be canceled was the &quot;Today&quot; program, an influential morning news and current affairs radio broadcast. Listeners heard an announcer say, &quot;We are not able to bring you the &#x27;Today&#x27; program because of industrial action,&quot; followed by repeats of, among other things, a program about jazz music.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Outside Television Center, the BBC&#x27;s mammoth headquarters in West London, picketers carried signs that said &quot;Fight for our BBC.&quot; But it was a polite protest, with strikers asking rather than demanding that colleagues refrain from crossing the picket line. Many of the highest-profile news anchors, from Natasha Kaplinsky at the morning news program to Jeremy Paxman at News-night, decided to support the strike.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">With only about 30 percent of its news employees reporting to work, one of the BBC&#x27;s hardest tasks was covering its own strike. According to The Evening Standard, some of those on the picket lines refused to give interviews to BBC correspondents covering the action, saying they should have spent the day picketing, not working.</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div></div><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">The strike is the first of three planned in the next month. At issue is the financial future of the company. In March, the director general, Mark Thompson, announced that in order for the BBC to stay competitive in an increasingly crowded broadcasting world, it would have to cut 3,780 jobs for a savings of about 拢355 million a year or about $642 million at current exchange rates.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">The BBC, the world&#x27;s largest publicly financed broadcaster, is at perhaps a uniquely fragile moment in its long and illustrious history. Competing with an exploding array of digital and cable channels as well as with nontraditional broadcasting on places like the Internet, it must convince a government with which it has often feuded that it is justified in continuing to charge the annual license fee of 拢126.50 -- about $230 -- that it levies on television owners. It also is negotiating the renewal of its government-granted charter, which is set to expire next year.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Last year, the corporation lost a protracted and angry battle with the Labor government of Prime Minister Tony Blair stemming from its coverage, in 2003, of the advent of the Iraqi war. An investigation led by Lord Hutton, a former judge, found that the BBC had erred in reporting on the &quot;Today&quot; program that the government had deliberately exaggerated the case for war, and criticized the company for sloppy reporting and poor oversight.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">In the wake of Lord Hutton&#x27;s scathing report, both the BBC&#x27;s chairman and director general resigned.</p><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">Mr. Thompson was appointed last May as much to restore the BBC&#x27;s confidence in itself as to lead the corporation into the difficult future. But employees&#x27; enthusiasm for his leadership turned to dismay by the end of the year, when he announced a brutal program of cost-cutting.</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div><div></div><div class="css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn"><div class="css-53u6y8"><p class="css-at9mc1 evys1bk0">But unions representing nearly 9,000 of the BBC&#x27;s 27,000 employees say Mr. Thompson&#x27;s proposals would cut the company to the quick, making it impossible to maintain its reputation and high standards.</p></div><aside class="css-ew4tgv" aria-label="companion column"></aside></div></section><div></div><div></div><div></div><div id="bottom-sheet-sensor"><div></div></div><div><div id="bottom-wrapper" class="css-c4adj9"><div id="bottom-slug" class="css-l9onyx"><p>Advertisement</p></div><a href="#after-bottom" class="css-1ly73wi">Continue reading the main story</a><div class="ad bottom-wrapper css-rfqw0c" id="bottom" style="min-height:90px"></div><div 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{"initialData":{"data":{"article":{"__typename":"Article","id":"QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzFlNzMzN2JiLTY0OWItNTQzMC1hZTZmLTQwZTBmMDI5M2JiZg==","compatibility":{"isOak":false,"__typename":"CompatibilityFeatures","hasVideo":false,"hasOakConversionError":false,"isArtReview":false,"isBookReview":false,"isDiningReview":false,"isMovieReview":false,"isTheaterReview":false},"archiveProperties":{"timesMachineUrl":"","lede":"","thumbnails":[{"height":0,"url":"","width":0,"__typename":"ArticleArchivePropertiesThumbnail"},{"height":0,"url":"","width":0,"__typename":"ArticleArchivePropertiesThumbnail"}],"__typename":"ArticleArchiveProperties"},"collections":[],"tone":"NEWS","section":{"id":"U2VjdGlvbjpueXQ6Ly9zZWN0aW9uLzcwZTg2NWI2LWNjNzAtNTE4MS04NGM5LTgzNjhiM2E1YzM0Yg==","name":"world","displayName":"World","url":"\u002Fsection\u002Fworld","uri":"nyt:\u002F\u002Fsection\u002F70e865b6-cc70-5181-84c9-8368b3a5c34b","__typename":"Section"},"subsection":null,"sprinkledBody":{"content":[{"__typename":"HeaderLegacyBlock","subhead":null,"label":null,"headline":{"textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"BBC 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Among the programs to be canceled was the \"Today\" program, an influential morning news and current affairs radio broadcast. Listeners heard an announcer say, \"We are not able to bring you the 'Today' program because of industrial action,\" followed by repeats of, among other things, a program about jazz music.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"index":1,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"Outside Television Center, the BBC's mammoth headquarters in West London, picketers carried signs that said \"Fight for our BBC.\" But it was a polite protest, with strikers asking rather than demanding that colleagues refrain from crossing the picket line. Many of the highest-profile news anchors, from Natasha Kaplinsky at the morning news program to Jeremy Paxman at News-night, decided to support the strike.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"index":2,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"With only about 30 percent of its news employees reporting to work, one of the BBC's hardest tasks was covering its own strike. According to The Evening Standard, some of those on the picket lines refused to give interviews to BBC correspondents covering the action, saying they should have spent the day picketing, not working.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsDesktop":true,"index":3,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"The strike is the first of three planned in the next month. At issue is the financial future of the company. In March, the director general, Mark Thompson, announced that in order for the BBC to stay competitive in an increasingly crowded broadcasting world, it would have to cut 3,780 jobs for a savings of about 拢355 million a year or about $642 million at current exchange rates.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"index":4,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"The BBC, the world's largest publicly financed broadcaster, is at perhaps a uniquely fragile moment in its long and illustrious history. Competing with an exploding array of digital and cable channels as well as with nontraditional broadcasting on places like the Internet, it must convince a government with which it has often feuded that it is justified in continuing to charge the annual license fee of 拢126.50 -- about $230 -- that it levies on television owners. It also is negotiating the renewal of its government-granted charter, which is set to expire next year.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"index":5,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"Last year, the corporation lost a protracted and angry battle with the Labor government of Prime Minister Tony Blair stemming from its coverage, in 2003, of the advent of the Iraqi war. An investigation led by Lord Hutton, a former judge, found that the BBC had erred in reporting on the \"Today\" program that the government had deliberately exaggerated the case for war, and criticized the company for sloppy reporting and poor oversight.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"index":6,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"In the wake of Lord Hutton's scathing report, both the BBC's chairman and director general resigned.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsDesktop":false,"index":7,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"Mr. Thompson was appointed last May as much to restore the BBC's confidence in itself as to lead the corporation into the difficult future. But employees' enthusiasm for his leadership turned to dismay by the end of the year, when he announced a brutal program of cost-cutting.","formats":[]}]},{"__typename":"Dropzone","adsDesktopHoldout":true,"adsMobileHoldout":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":true,"index":8,"bad":false},{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"But unions representing nearly 9,000 of the BBC's 27,000 employees say Mr. Thompson's proposals would cut the company to the quick, making it impossible to maintain its reputation and high 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