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<li id="toc-Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Involvement_in_independence_struggle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Involvement_in_independence_struggle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Involvement in independence struggle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Involvement_in_independence_struggle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>After independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Present_situation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present_situation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Present situation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present_situation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presence_in_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presence_in_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Presence in states</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Presence_in_states-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Presence in states subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Presence_in_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-State_Governments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Governments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>State Governments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Governments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_members_of_parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_members_of_parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of members of parliament</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_members_of_parliament-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of members of parliament subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_members_of_parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_Rajya_Sabha_(Upper_House)_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Rajya_Sabha_(Upper_House)_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>List of Rajya Sabha (Upper House) members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Rajya_Sabha_(Upper_House)_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_Lok_Sabha_(Lower_House)_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Lok_Sabha_(Lower_House)_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>List of Lok Sabha (Lower House) members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Lok_Sabha_(Lower_House)_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Leadership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General_Secretary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_Secretary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>General Secretary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_Secretary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Secretariat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Secretariat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>National Secretariat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Secretariat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_General_secretaries_and_Chairmen_of_CPI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_General_secretaries_and_Chairmen_of_CPI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of General secretaries and Chairmen of CPI</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_General_secretaries_and_Chairmen_of_CPI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Party Congress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principal_mass_organisations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principal_mass_organisations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Principal mass organisations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_mass_organisations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_chief_ministers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_chief_ministers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Former chief ministers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_chief_ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable leaders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>General election results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_Legislative_assembly_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Legislative_assembly_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>State Legislative assembly results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Legislative_assembly_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>Primary sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Communist Party of India</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="الحزب الشيوعي الهندي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحزب الشيوعي الهندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF" title="ভাৰতৰ কমিউনিষ্ট পাৰ্টি – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভাৰতৰ কমিউনিষ্ট পাৰ্টি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF" title="ভারতের কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভারতের কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Камуністычная партыя Індыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Камуністычная партыя Індыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Камуністычная партыя Індыі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Камуністычная партыя Індыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_Comunista_de_l%27%C3%8Dndia" title="Partit Comunista de l'Índia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit Comunista de l'Índia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunistick%C3%A1_strana_Indie" title="Komunistická strana Indie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Komunistická strana Indie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Communist Party of India" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Communist Party of India" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_de_la_India" title="Partido Comunista de la India – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido Comunista de la India" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunista_Partio_de_Barato" title="Komunista Partio de Barato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komunista Partio de Barato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="حزب کمونیست هند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزب کمونیست هند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_communiste_d%27Inde" title="Parti communiste d'Inde – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti communiste d'Inde" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_da_India" title="Partido Comunista da India – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Partido Comunista da India" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EB%8F%84_%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%8B%B9" title="인도 공산당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인도 공산당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հնդկաստանի կոմունիստական կուսակցություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հնդկաստանի կոմունիստական կուսակցություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partai_Komunis_India" title="Partai Komunis India – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Partai Komunis India" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_Comunista_d%27India" title="Partito Comunista d'India – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito Comunista d'India" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95" title="המפלגה הקומוניסטית של הודו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המפלגה הקומוניסטית של הודו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="കമ്മ്യൂണിസ്റ്റ് പാർട്ടി ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കമ്മ്യൂണിസ്റ്റ് പാർട്ടി ഓഫ് ഇന്ത്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7" title="भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पक्ष – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पक्ष" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communistische_Partij_van_India" title="Communistische Partij van India – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Communistische Partij van India" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="भारत कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भारत कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A3%E5%85%9A" title="インド共産党 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インド共産党" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Communist Party of India" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80" title="ਭਾਰਤੀ ਕਮਿਊਨਿਸਟ ਪਾਰਟੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭਾਰਤੀ ਕਮਿਊਨਿਸਟ ਪਾਰਟੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%B9_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="بھارتی کمیونسٹ پارٹی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھارتی کمیونسٹ پارٹی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPI" title="CPI – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="CPI" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunistyczna_Partia_Indii" title="Komunistyczna Partia Indii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Komunistyczna Partia Indii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_da_%C3%8Dndia" title="Partido Comunista da Índia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido Comunista da Índia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Comunist_din_India" title="Partidul Comunist din India – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Partidul Comunist din India" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Коммунистическая партия Индии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коммунистическая партия Индии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Communist Party of India" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intian_kommunistinen_puolue" title="Intian kommunistinen puolue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Intian kommunistinen puolue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Communist Party of India" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidong_Komunista_ng_India" title="Partidong Komunista ng India – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Partidong Komunista ng India" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="இந்தியப் பொதுவுடைமைக் கட்சி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இந்தியப் பொதுவுடைமைக் கட்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE_(%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF.%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BF.%E0%B0%90)" title="కమ్యూనిస్టు పార్టీ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (సి.పి.ఐ) – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కమ్యూనిస్టు పార్టీ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (సి.పి.ఐ)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindistan_Kom%C3%BCnist_Partisi" title="Hindistan Komünist Partisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hindistan Komünist Partisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%97" title="Комуністична партія Індії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Комуністична партія Індії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%81_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%B9_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="بھارتیہ کمیونسٹ پارٹی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بھارتیہ کمیونسٹ پارٹی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A3ng_C%E1%BB%99ng_s%E1%BA%A3n_%E1%BA%A4n_%C4%90%E1%BB%99" title="Đảng Cộng sản Ấn Độ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đảng Cộng sản Ấn Độ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="印度共产党 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印度共产党" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q837159#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Communist Party of India (disambiguation)">Communist Party of India (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For parties with similar names, see <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian political party</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #f50222; border-bottom:2px solid #f50222; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Communist Party of India</div> </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">CPI</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">Parliamentary</a> Chairperson</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><i>Vacant</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> Leader</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/K._Subbarayan" title="K. Subbarayan">K. Subbarayan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a> Leader</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/P._Santhosh_Kumar" title="P. Santhosh Kumar">P. Santhosh Kumar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">26 December 1925<span class="noprint"> (98 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1925-12-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Ajoy Bhavan<br />15, Indrajit Gupta Marg, <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><b>Newspapers</b></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i><a href="/wiki/New_Age_Weekly" title="New Age Weekly">New Age</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Mukti_Sangharsh" title="Mukti Sangharsh">Mukti Sangharsh</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Janayugom" title="Janayugom">Janayugom</a></i><br /><i></i> <a href="/wiki/Navayugom" title="Navayugom">Navayugom</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Kalantar" title="Kalantar">Kalantar</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Visalaandhra" title="Visalaandhra">Visalaandhra</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Jana_Sakthi" title="Jana Sakthi">Jana Sakthi</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Praja_Paksham" title="Praja Paksham">Praja Paksham</a></i><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Nawan_Zamana" title="Nawan Zamana">Nawan Zamana</a></i><br /><a href="/wiki/Nua_Dunia" title="Nua Dunia">Nua Dunia</a><i><br /></i><a href="/wiki/Janashakti" title="Janashakti">Janashakti</a><i><br /></i><a href="/wiki/Kembavuta" title="Kembavuta">Kembavuta</a><i><br /></i><a href="/wiki/Yugantar" title="Yugantar">Yugantar</a><i><br /></i>Kholao Thakhai<i><br /></i>Tripurar Katha<i></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Student_wing" title="Student wing">Student wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/All_India_Students%27_Federation" title="All India Students' Federation">All India Students' Federation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/All_India_Youth_Federation" title="All India Youth Federation">All India Youth Federation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_wing" title="Women's wing">Women's wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Indian_Women" title="National Federation of Indian Women">National Federation of Indian Women</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Labour wing</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trade_Union_Congress" title="All India Trade Union Congress">All India Trade Union Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Khet_Mazdoor_Union" title="Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union">Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Peasant's wing</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 650,000 (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Mishra2021_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mishra2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing</a><sup id="cite_ref-CantiPI_1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CantiPI_1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to <a href="/wiki/Far-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Far-left">Far-left</a><sup id="cite_ref-Mishra2021_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mishra2021-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Meeting_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties">IMCWP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#f50222; color:black;"> </span> Red</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">ECI</a> Status</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India#State_parties" title="List of political parties in India">State Party</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Alliance</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><b>Alliances</b></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Developmental_Inclusive_Alliance" title="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance">I.N.D.I.A.</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(National)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Secular_Progressive_Alliance" title="Secular Progressive Alliance">Secular Progressive Alliance</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Puducherry</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Secular_Democratic_Alliance" title="Secular Democratic Alliance">Secular Democratic Alliance</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(Tripura)" title="Left Front (Tripura)">Left Front</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(West_Bengal)" title="Left Front (West Bengal)">Left Front</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front" title="Left Democratic Front">Left Democratic Front</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Bihar)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)">Mahagathbandhan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/United_Opposition_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="United Opposition Forum">United Opposition Forum</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front_(Maharashtra)" title="Left Democratic Front (Maharashtra)">Left Democratic Front</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Vikas_Aghadi" title="Maha Vikas Aghadi">Maha Vikas Aghadi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Manipur_Progressive_Secular_Alliance" title="Manipur Progressive Secular Alliance">MPSA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>)</span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC +</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>)</span></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 543</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 245</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in <a href="/wiki/State_legislative_assemblies_of_India" title="State legislative assemblies of India">State legislatures</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">22 / 4,036</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.5%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Total)</span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">State Legislatures</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 140</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly" title="Kerala Legislative Assembly">Kerala</a>) <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 243</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar</a>) <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 234</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly">Tamil Nadu</a>) <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 119</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Telangana_Legislative_Assembly" title="Telangana Legislative Assembly">Telangana</a>) </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in <a href="/wiki/State_Legislative_Council_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Legislative Council (India)">State Legislative Councils</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 75</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Council" title="Bihar Legislative Council">Bihar</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Number of states and union territories in government</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 31</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Election symbol</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CPI_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/CPI_symbol.svg/130px-CPI_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/CPI_symbol.svg/195px-CPI_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/CPI_symbol.svg/260px-CPI_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="258" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Party flag</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:CPI-banner.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/CPI-banner.svg/180px-CPI-banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/CPI-banner.svg/270px-CPI-banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/CPI-banner.svg/360px-CPI-banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://communistparty.in">communistparty<wbr />.in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output 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li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #f50222;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_India" title="Politics of India">Politics of India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_India" title="Elections in India">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Communist_parties" title="Category:Communist parties">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">Communist parties</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Africa</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Party_for_Democracy_and_Socialism" title="Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Benin" title="Communist Party of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MELS_Movement_of_Botswana" title="MELS Movement of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltaic_Revolutionary_Communist_Party" title="Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Communist_Party" title="Egyptian Communist Party">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Swaziland" title="Communist Party of Swaziland">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kenya" title="Communist Party of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Lesotho" title="Communist Party of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Communist_Party" title="Libyan Communist Party">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_Party_for_the_Independence_of_Madagascar" title="Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Namibia_(2009)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Namibia (2009)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Communist_Party" title="Moroccan Communist Party">Morocco</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Communist Party of Réunion">Réunion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Independence_and_Labour" title="Party of Independence and Labour">Senegal</a></li> <li>South Africa <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">EFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Communist_Party" title="South African Communist Party">SACP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_South_Sudan" title="Communist Party of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Communist_Party" title="Sudanese Communist Party">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Togo" title="Communist Party of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Tunisia)" title="Workers' Party (Tunisia)">Tunisia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Americas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Argentina <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Argentina" title="Communist Party of Argentina">PCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Argentina_(Extraordinary_Congress)" title="Communist Party of Argentina (Extraordinary Congress)">PCCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina">PCRA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bolivia" title="Communist Party of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li>Brazil <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Brazil" title="Communist Party of Brazil">PCdoB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Communist_Party" title="Brazilian Communist Party">PCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_(Brazil)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party (Brazil)">PCR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Canada" title="Socialism in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada" title="Communist Party of Canada">CPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Canada_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist)">CPC-ML</a></li></ul></li> <li>Chile <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Chile" title="Communist Party of Chile">PCCh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Communist_Party_(Proletarian_Action)" title="Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)">PC(AP)</a></li></ul></li> <li>Colombia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Communist_Party" title="Colombian Communist Party">PCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Colombia_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist)">PC de C (M–L)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Cuba" title="Communist Party of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Labour" title="Communist Party of Labour">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li>Ecuador <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ecuador" title="Communist Party of Ecuador">PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_of_Ecuador" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador">PCMLE</a></li></ul></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Mexico_(2011)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Mexico (2011)">PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Socialist_Party_(Mexico)" title="Popular Socialist Party (Mexico)">PPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Socialist_Party_of_Mexico" title="Popular Socialist Party of Mexico">PPSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Mexico_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist–Leninist)">PCMML</a></li></ul></li> <li>Panama <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Panama" title="People's Party of Panama">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_of_Panama" title="Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) of Panama">PC(ml)P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Communist_Party" title="Paraguayan Communist Party">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Peru" title="Communism in Peru">Peru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Communist_Party" title="Peruvian Communist Party">PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shining_Path" title="Shining Path">PCP-SL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militarized_Communist_Party_of_Peru" title="Militarized Communist Party of Peru">MPCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Peru_%E2%80%93_Red_Fatherland" title="Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland">PCdelP–PR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Uruguay" title="Communist Party of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">CPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">WWP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation" title="Party for Socialism and Liberation">PSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party,_USA" title="Revolutionary Communist Party, USA">RCPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Labor_Party_(United_States)" title="Progressive Labor Party (United States)">PLP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Venezuela <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Venezuela" title="Communist Party of Venezuela">PCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_of_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela">PCMLV</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Asia</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_%E2%80%93_Bahrain" title="National Liberation Front – Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li>Bangladesh <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bangladesh" title="Communist Party of Bangladesh">CPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Party_of_Bangladesh" title="Workers Party of Bangladesh">WPB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bhutan_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist%E2%80%93Maoist)" title="Communist Party of Bhutan (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Burma" title="Communist Party of Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">China</a></li> <li>India <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">CPI(M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">CPI-ML(L)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist)" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">CPI(Mst)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">SUCI(C)</a></li></ul></li> <li>Iran <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Iran" title="Communist Party of Iran">CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudeh_Party_of_Iran" title="Tudeh Party of Iran">Tudeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour Party of Iran">Toufan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Communist_Party" title="Iraqi Communist Party">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maki_(political_party)" title="Maki (political party)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Communist_Party" title="Japanese Communist Party">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Communist_Party" title="Jordanian Communist Party">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kazakhstan" title="Communist Party of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" title="Lao People's Revolutionary Party">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Communist_Party" title="Lebanese Communist Party">Lebanon</a></li> <li>Nepal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Unified_Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)">CPN (UML)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Maoist_Centre)" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)">CPN (MC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Unified_Socialist)" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)">CPN (US)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Workers_Peasants_Party" title="Nepal Workers Peasants Party">NWPP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Pakistan" title="Communist Party of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_People%27s_Party" title="Palestinian People's Party">Palestine</a></li> <li>Philippines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">CPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Komunista_ng_Pilipinas-1930" title="Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930">PKP-1930</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sri Lanka <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Communist Party of Sri Lanka">CPSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna">JVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontline_Socialist_Party" title="Frontline Socialist Party">FLSP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Syria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Communist_Party_(Bakdash)" title="Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)">SCP (Bakdash)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Communist_Party_(Unified)" title="Syrian Communist Party (Unified)">SCP (Unified)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Tajikistan" title="Communist Party of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> <p><b>Former parties</b> </p> <ul><li>Cambodia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kampuchean_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party">KPRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea" title="Communist Party of Kampuchea">CPK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Indonesia" title="Communist Party of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Korea" title="Communist Party of Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Communist_Party" title="Malayan Communist Party">Malaya and Singapore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Malaya/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Malaya/Marxist–Leninist">Marxist–Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Malaya/Revolutionary_Faction" title="Communist Party of Malaya/Revolutionary Faction">Revolutionary Faction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Communist Party in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan_Communist_Party" title="North Kalimantan Communist Party">Sarawak</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Communist_Party" title="Taiwanese Communist Party">Taiwan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Thailand" title="Communist Party of Thailand">Thailand</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Europe</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Albania_(1991)" title="Communist Party of Albania (1991)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Communist_Party" title="Armenian Communist Party">Armenia</a></li> <li>Austria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Austria" title="Communist Party of Austria">KPÖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Austria" title="Party of Labour of Austria">PdA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Communist_Party_(1993)" title="Azerbaijan Communist Party (1993)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Belarus" title="Communist Party of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li>Belgium <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Flanders)" title="Communist Party (Flanders)">KP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Wallonia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party (Wallonia)">PC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Communist_Party_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Workers' Communist Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li>Bulgaria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bulgaria" title="Communist Party of Bulgaria">KPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Communists_in_Bulgaria" title="Union of Communists in Bulgaria">SKB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labour_Party_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Labour Party of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_of_Working_People" title="Progressive Party of Working People">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia" title="Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia">Czech Republic</a></li> <li>Denmark <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Denmark" title="Communist Party of Denmark">DKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Denmark)" title="Communist Party (Denmark)">KP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Communist_Party_(Denmark)" title="Workers' Communist Party (Denmark)">APK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Estonia_(1990)" title="Communist Party of Estonia (1990)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Finland_(1994)" title="Communist Party of Finland (1994)">Finland</a></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">PCF</i></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Communist_Party_of_France" title="Workers' Communist Party of France"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">PCOF</i></span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_of_Communist_Revival_in_France" title="Pole of Communist Revival in France">PRCF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Revolutionary_Party_of_France" title="Communist Revolutionary Party of France">PCRF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Communist_Party_of_Georgia" title="Unified Communist Party of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li>Germany <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Germany_(1990)" title="Communist Party of Germany (1990)">KPD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Communist_Party" title="German Communist Party">DKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Party_of_Germany" title="Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany">MLPD</a></li></ul></li> <li>Greece <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">ΚΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Organization_of_Greece" title="Communist Organization of Greece">ΚΟΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Reorganization_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Greece_1918%E2%80%9355" class="mw-redirect" title="Movement for the Reorganization of the Communist Party of Greece 1918–55">Anasintaxi</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hungary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Workers%27_Party" title="Hungarian Workers' Party">Munkáspárt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Hungary_2006_%E2%80%93_European_Left" title="Workers' Party of Hungary 2006 – European Left">Munkáspárt 2006</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ireland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ireland" title="Communist Party of Ireland">CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">WPI</a></li></ul></li> <li>Italy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Italy)" title="Communist Party (Italy)">PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party" title="Communist Refoundation Party">PRC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Latvia" title="Socialist Party of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_People%27s_Front" title="Socialist People's Front">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Luxembourg" title="Communist Party of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Malta" title="Communist Party of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Communists_of_the_Republic_of_Moldova" title="Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_the_Netherlands" title="New Communist Party of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Norway" title="Communist Party of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Communist_Party_(2002)" title="Polish Communist Party (2002)">Poland</a></li> <li>Portugal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Communist_Party" title="Portuguese Communist Party">PCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Workers%27_Communist_Party" title="Portuguese Workers' Communist Party">PCTP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Nepeceri%C8%99ti)" title="Communist Party (Nepeceriști)">Romania</a></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communists_of_Russia" title="Communists of Russia">KR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">CPRF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Dictatorship_of_the_Proletariat" title="Party of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat">PDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Communist_Workers%27_Party_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">RCWP-CPSU</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammarinese_Communist_Refoundation" title="Sammarinese Communist Refoundation">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_Yugoslavia" title="New Communist Party of Yugoslavia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Slovakia" title="Communist Party of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li>Spain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Spain" title="Communist Party of Spain">PCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communists_of_Catalonia" title="Communists of Catalonia">CC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Peoples_of_Spain" title="Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain">PCPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Spain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist)">PCE (M–L)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Workers_of_Spain" title="Communist Party of the Workers of Spain">PCTE</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sweden <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Sweden)" title="Communist Party (Sweden)">KP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Sweden_(1995)" title="Communist Party of Sweden (1995)">SKP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Switzerland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Switzerland)" title="Communist Party (Switzerland)">Communist Party (Switzerland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Party_of_Labour" title="Swiss Party of Labour">PdA</a></li></ul></li> <li>Turkey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_People%27s_Liberation_Party/Front" title="Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front">DHKP/C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Turkey)" title="Labour Party (Turkey)">EMEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Communist_Party_of_Turkey" title="People's Communist Party of Turkey">HTKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Revolution_Movement/Leninist_(Turkey)" title="Communist Revolution Movement/Leninist (Turkey)">KDH/L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Kurdistan">KKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Turkey,_2014)" title="Communist Party (Turkey, 2014)">TKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)">MKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)">MLKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Turkey" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Turkey">TDKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Labour_Party_of_Turkey" title="Communist Labour Party of Turkey">TKEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Labour_Party_of_Turkey/Leninist" title="Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist">TKEP/L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Workers_Party_of_Turkey" title="Communist Workers Party of Turkey">TKIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist">TKP/ML</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ukraine" title="Communist Party of Ukraine">KPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Communists_of_Ukraine" title="Union of Communists of Ukraine">SKU</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="Communist Party of Britain">CPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">CPB-ML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">CPGB-ML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Provisional_Central_Committee)" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)">CPGB-PCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Scotland" title="Communist Party of Scotland">CPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="New Communist Party of Britain">NCPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Group_(UK)" title="Revolutionary Communist Group (UK)">RCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Appeal_(UK,_1992)" title="Socialist Appeal (UK, 1992)">RCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">RCPB-ML</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>Former parties</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Czechoslovakia" title="Communist Party of Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany" title="Socialist Unity Party of Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party" title="Italian Communist Party">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Netherlands" title="Communist Party of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_United_Workers%27_Party" title="Polish United Workers' Party">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Communist_Party" title="Romanian Communist Party">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey_(historical)" title="Communist Party of Turkey (historical)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Germany" title="Communist Party of Germany">West Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Oceania</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Australia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Australia_(current)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Australia (current)">CPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Australia_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Australia (Marxist–Leninist)">CPA(ML)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Alliance_(Australia)" title="Socialist Alliance (Australia)">Socialist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Alternative_(Australia)" title="Socialist Alternative (Australia)">Socialist Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Socialists" title="Victorian Socialists">Victorian Socialists</a></li></ul></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(New_Zealand)" title="Communist League (New Zealand)">CL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Marxist_Unity_%E2%80%93_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Marxist Unity – New Zealand">OMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Aotearoa" title="Socialist Party of Aotearoa">SPA</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>Former parties</b> </p> <ul><li>Australia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Alliance" title="Communist Alliance">Communist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Australia" title="Communist Party of Australia">CPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Socialist_Perspective" title="Democratic Socialist Perspective">DSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (Australia)">RSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Socialist_Party" title="Victorian Socialist Party">Victorian Socialist Party</a></li></ul></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_New_Zealand" title="Communist Party of New Zealand">CPNZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_New_Zealand" title="Socialist Unity Party of New Zealand">SUP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(New_Zealand)" title="Communist League (New Zealand)">CL</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">International organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Meeting_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties">IMCWP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Comintern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cominform" title="Cominform">Cominform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties">INITIATIVE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Communist_Seminar" title="International Communist Seminar">ICS</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000; background:transparent; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_committee" title="Central committee">Central committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">history</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties" title="List of communist parties">List of communist parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party">General Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo" title="Politburo">Politburo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_(administrative_office)" title="Secretariat (administrative office)">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communist_parties" title="Template talk:Communist parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communist_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communist parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Communism_in_India" title="Category:Communism in India">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_India" title="Communism in India">Communism in India</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/150px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/225px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/300px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._T._Acharya" title="M. P. T. Acharya">M. P. T. Acharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahajanand_Saraswati" title="Sahajanand Saraswati">Sahajanand Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shripad_Amrit_Dange" title="Shripad Amrit Dange">Shripad Amrit Dange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abani_Mukherji" title="Abani Mukherji">Abani Mukherji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashpal" title="Yashpal">Yashpal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Gopalan" title="A. K. Gopalan">A. K. Gopalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._T._Ranadive" title="B. T. Ranadive">B. T. Ranadive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nripen_Chakraborty" title="Nripen Chakraborty">Nripen Chakraborty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Krishna_Pillai" title="P. Krishna Pillai">P. Krishna Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puran_Chand_Joshi" title="Puran Chand Joshi">Puran Chand Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_Dharmananda_Kosambi" title="Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi">Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Singh" title="Bhagat Singh">Bhagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajoy_Ghosh" title="Ajoy Ghosh">Ajoy Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S.K._Limaye" title="S.K. Limaye">S.K. Limaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promode_Dasgupta" title="Promode Dasgupta">Promode Dasgupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Subbiah" title="V. Subbiah">V. Subbiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puchalapalli_Sundarayya" title="Puchalapalli Sundarayya">Puchalapalli Sundarayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kondapalli_Seetharamaiah" title="Kondapalli Seetharamaiah">Kondapalli Seetharamaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saroj_Dutta" title="Saroj Dutta">Saroj Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyoti_Basu" title="Jyoti Basu">Jyoti Basu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupesh_Gupta" title="Bhupesh Gupta">Bhupesh Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_Konar" title="Hare Krishna Konar">Hare Krishna Konar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasarath_Deb" title="Dasarath Deb">Dasarath Deb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harkishan_Singh_Surjeet" title="Harkishan Singh Surjeet">Harkishan Singh Surjeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Nagi_Reddy" title="T. Nagi Reddy">T. Nagi Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagjit_Singh_Lyallpuri" title="Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri">Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charu_Majumdar" title="Charu Majumdar">Charu Majumdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrajit_Gupta" title="Indrajit Gupta">Indrajit Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._K._Nayanar" title="E. K. Nayanar">E. K. Nayanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibdas_Ghosh" title="Shibdas Ghosh">Shibdas Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Achuthanandan" title="V. S. Achuthanandan">V. S. Achuthanandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geeta_Mukherjee" title="Geeta Mukherjee">Geeta Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohit_Sen" title="Mohit Sen">Mohit Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._G._Noorani" title="A. G. Noorani">A. G. Noorani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biman_Bose" title="Biman Bose">Biman Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhadeb_Bhattacharjee" title="Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee">Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinarayi_Vijayan" title="Pinarayi Vijayan">Pinarayi Vijayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinod_Mishra" title="Vinod Mishra">Vinod Mishra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manik_Sarkar" title="Manik Sarkar">Manik Sarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganapathy_(Maoist)" title="Ganapathy (Maoist)">Ganapathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobad_Ghandy" title="Kobad Ghandy">Kobad Ghandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikash_Ranjan_Bhattacharya" title="Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya">Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitaram_Yechury" title="Sitaram Yechury">Sitaram Yechury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuradha_Ghandy" title="Anuradha Ghandy">Anuradha Ghandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Salim_(politician)" title="Mohammed Salim (politician)">Mohammed Salim</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b>Colonial period and partition</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_involvement_in_the_Indian_independence_movement" title="Communist involvement in the Indian independence movement">Communism in the independence movement</a></li> <li>Conspiracy cases <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peshawar_Conspiracy_Cases" title="Peshawar Conspiracy Cases">Peshawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpur_Bolshevik_Conspiracy_Case" title="Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case">Kanpur Bolshevik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meerut_Conspiracy_Case" title="Meerut Conspiracy Case">Meerut</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_of_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="Foundation of the Communist Party of India">Foundation of the CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanka_movement" title="Tanka movement">Tanka movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quit_India_Movement" title="Quit India Movement">Quit India Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_Rebellion" title="Telangana Rebellion">Telangana Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Indian_Navy_mutiny" title="Royal Indian Navy mutiny">1946 Naval Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebhaga_movement" title="Tebhaga movement">Tebhaga movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punnapra-Vayalar_uprising" title="Punnapra-Vayalar uprising">Punnapra-Vayalar uprising</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Post-independence and Cold War</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India">2nd Congress of the CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_liberation_movement" title="Goa liberation movement">Goa liberation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Indian_general_election_in_Kerala" title="1957 Indian general election in Kerala">1957 general election in Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angamaly_police_firing" title="Angamaly police firing">Angamaly police firing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Indian_border_dispute" title="Sino-Indian border dispute">Sino-Indian border dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_split_in_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="1964 split in the Communist Party of India">1964 split in the CPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Eight_Documents" title="Historic Eight Documents">Historic Eight Documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naxalbari_uprising" title="Naxalbari uprising">Naxalbari uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li>Left Front <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(Tripura)" title="Left Front (Tripura)">Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(West_Bengal)" title="Left Front (West Bengal)">West Bengal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajan_case" title="Rajan case">Rajan case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Barga" title="Operation Barga">Operation Barga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front" title="Left Democratic Front">Left Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Indravelli_massacre" title="1981 Indravelli massacre">Indravelli massacre</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Contemporary history</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bara_massacre" title="Bara massacre">Bara massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laxmanpur_Bathe_massacre" title="Laxmanpur Bathe massacre">Laxmanpur Bathe massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_involvement_during_Nandigram_protests" title="Maoist involvement during Nandigram protests">Maoism in the Nandigram violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salwa_Judum" title="Salwa Judum">Salwa Judum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Naxal_attack_in_Darbha_valley" title="2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley">2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_feminism" title="Marxist feminism">Marxist feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_humanism" title="Marxist humanism">Marxist humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_communism" title="Primitive communism">Primitive communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_socialism" title="Agrarian socialism">Agrarian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform_in_India" title="Land reform in India">Land reform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform_in_Kerala" title="Land reform in Kerala">in Kerala</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">Left-wing populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">People's war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare">Welfare</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Current organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">AIFB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trade_Union_Coordination_Centre" title="Trade Union Coordination Centre">TUCC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevik_Party_of_India" title="Bolshevik Party of India">BPI</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CPI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Students%27_Federation" title="All India Students' Federation">AISF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trade_Union_Congress" title="All India Trade Union Congress">AITUC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Youth_Federation" title="All India Youth Federation">AIYF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Khet_Mazdoor_Union" title="Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union">BKMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Indian_Women" title="National Federation of Indian Women">NFIW</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">CPI(M)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Democratic_Women%27s_Association" title="All India Democratic Women's Association">AIDWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha_(36_Canning_Lane)" title="All India Kisan Sabha (36 Canning Lane)">AIKS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_of_Indian_Trade_Unions" title="Centre of Indian Trade Unions">CITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Youth_Federation_of_India" title="Democratic Youth Federation of India">DYFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Students%27_Federation_of_India" title="Students' Federation of India">SFI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist)" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">CPI (Maoist)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krantikari_Adivasi_Mahila_Sangathan" title="Krantikari Adivasi Mahila Sangathan">KAMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Guerrilla_Army_(India)" title="People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)">PLGA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Youth_League" title="Radical Youth League">RYL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">CPI(ML)L</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Mahasabha" title="All India Kisan Mahasabha">AIKM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Students_Association" title="All India Students Association">AISA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_New_Democracy" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) New Democracy">CPIML ND</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Communist_Party_of_India_(United)" title="Marxist Communist Party of India (United)">MCPI(U)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Centre_of_Trade_Unions" title="All India Centre of Trade Unions">AICTU</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Forward_Bloc" title="Marxist Forward Bloc">MFB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist-Leninist_Party_of_India_(Red_Flag)" title="Marxist-Leninist Party of India (Red Flag)">MLPI (Red Flag)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Socialist_Alternative_(India)" title="New Socialist Alternative (India)">NSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Party_of_India" title="Revolutionary Communist Party of India">RCPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Marxist_Party_of_India" title="Revolutionary Marxist Party of India">RMPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(India)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)">RSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">SUCI(C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Communist_Party_of_India" title="United Communist Party of India">UCPI</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Defunct organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Communist_Party" title="All India Communist Party">AICP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevik%E2%80%93Leninist_Party_of_India,_Ceylon_and_Burma" title="Bolshevik–Leninist Party of India, Ceylon and Burma">BLPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_of_Indian_Communists" title="Centre of Indian Communists">CIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Consolidation" title="Communist Consolidation">CC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Marxist_Party" title="Communist Marxist Party">Communist Marxist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_French_India" title="Communist Party of French India">Communist Party of French India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comrades_Association" title="Comrades Association">Comrades Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)">CPI (ML)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Socialist_Republican_Association" title="Hindustan Socialist Republican Association">HSRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquilabi_Communist_Sangathan" title="Inquilabi Communist Sangathan">ICS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Communist_Party_Hind_Union" title="Lal Communist Party Hind Union">Lal Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Sena" title="Lal Sena">Lal Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Kisan_Party_of_Hindustan" title="Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan">LKPH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Communist_Party_of_India" title="Marxist Communist Party of India">MCPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_and_Peasants_Party_(India)" title="Workers and Peasants Party (India)">WPP</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Deshabhimani" title="Deshabhimani">Deshabhimani</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ganashakti" title="Ganashakti">Ganashakti</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeftWord_Books" title="LeftWord Books">LeftWord Books</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nava_Telangana" title="Nava Telangana">Nava Telangana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democracy_(newspaper)" title="People's Democracy (newspaper)">People's Democracy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prajasakti" title="Prajasakti">Prajasakti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qaumi_Jang" title="Qaumi Jang">Qaumi Jang</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theekkathir" title="Theekkathir">Theekkathir</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Visalaandhra" title="Visalaandhra">Visalaandhra</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_India" title="Anarchism in India">Anarchism in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Kerala" title="Communism in Kerala">Communism in Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Nepal" title="Communism in Nepal">Communism in Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_movements_in_India" title="Communist movements in India">Communist movements in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhian_socialism" title="Gandhian socialism">Gandhian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquilab_Zindabad" title="Inquilab Zindabad">Inquilab Zindabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Salam" title="Lal Salam">Lal Salam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties_in_India" title="List of communist parties in India">List of communist parties in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_corridor" title="Red corridor">Red corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_India" title="Socialism in India">Socialism in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_socialist_orientation" title="State of socialist orientation">State of socialist orientation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communism_in_India" title="Template:Communism in India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communism_in_India" title="Template talk:Communism in India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communism_in_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communism in India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Communism" title="Category:Communism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/50px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/75px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/100px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_consciousness" title="Class consciousness">Class consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">Communist party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_revolution" title="Communist revolution">Communist revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">Communist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_society" title="Communist society">Communist society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_(Marxism_and_anarchism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free association (Marxism and anarchism)">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">"From each according to his ability,<br />to each according to his needs"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labour movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">Social revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_slavery" title="Wage slavery">Wage slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_communism" title="World communism">World communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_revolution" title="World revolution">World revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Economics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">Planned economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_(Marxism)" title="Socialization (Marxism)">Socialization (Marxism)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_value" title="Use value">Use value</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_ideologies" title="List of communist ideologies">Variants</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_communism" title="Anarchist communism">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Marxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Marxism">Libertarian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Marxist_communism" title="Pre-Marxist communism">Pre-Marxist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_communism" title="Primitive communism">Primitive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_communism" title="Religious communism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">Christian</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League" title="Communist League">Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">First International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_International" title="Second International">Second International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Third International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_International" title="Fourth International">Fourth International</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties" title="List of communist parties">Communist Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Peace_Council" title="World Peace Council">WPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="World Federation of Trade Unions">WFTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Democratic_Youth" title="World Federation of Democratic Youth">WFDY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Students" title="International Union of Students">IUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_Democratic_Federation" title="Women's International Democratic Federation">WIDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Scientific_Workers" title="World Federation of Scientific Workers">WFSW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organisation_of_Journalists" class="mw-redirect" title="International Organisation of Journalists">IOR</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Communists" title="Category:Communists">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Meslier" title="Jean Meslier">Meslier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Babeuf</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Kollontai</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Bukharin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._R._James" title="C. L. R. James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Padmore" title="George Padmore">Padmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Nkrumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Althusser" title="Louis Althusser">Althusser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Freire" title="Paulo Freire">Freire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pasolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Mandel" title="Ernest Mandel">Mandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frantz_Fanon" title="Frantz Fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Berger" title="John Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Guattari" title="Félix Guattari">Guattari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Amin" title="Samir Amin">Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Berlinguer" title="Enrico Berlinguer">Berlinguer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Negri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Abimael Guzmán">Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Badiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Sison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holloway_(sociologist)" title="John Holloway (sociologist)">Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_Zizek" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavoj Zizek">Zizek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_S%C3%A1nchez_Gordillo" title="Juan Manuel Sánchez Gordillo">Gordillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Wilson_Gilmore" title="Ruth Wilson Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcomandante_Marcos" title="Subcomandante Marcos">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hardt" title="Michael Hardt">Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodi_Dean" title="Jodi Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Graeber" title="David Graeber">Graeber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Lordon" title="Frédéric Lordon">Lordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Kelley" title="Robin Kelley">Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Fisher" title="Mark Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Prashad" title="Vijay Prashad">Prashad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Hatherley" title="Owen Hatherley">Hatherley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Moufawad-Paul" title="J. Moufawad-Paul">Moufawad-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Saito</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">By region</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-left politics in the United Kingdom">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Communism in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Colombia" title="Communism in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_France" title="Communism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_India" title="Communism in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Kerala" title="Communism in Kerala">Kerala</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Korea" title="Communism in Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Nepal" title="Communism in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Peru" title="Communism in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_the_Philippines" title="Communism in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Poland" title="Communism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of communism in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Sumatra" title="Communism in Sumatra">Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Vietnam" title="Communism in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Communist_symbolism" title="Communist symbolism">Symbols</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle">Hammer and sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(politics)" title="Red flag (politics)">Red flag (politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_star" title="Red star">Red star</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Workers_of_the_world,_unite!" title="Workers of the world, unite!">Workers of the world, unite!</a>"</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Criticism </div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_propaganda" title="Communist propaganda">Communist propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Marxism" title="Criticism of Marxism">Criticism of Marxism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related  topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21st-century_communist_theorists" title="21st-century communist theorists">21st-century communist theorists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti_anti-communism" title="Anti anti-communism">Anti anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Anti-communist mass killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings under communist regimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Intentional community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Left" title="Old Left">Old Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_and_LGBTQ_rights" title="Communism and LGBTQ rights">LGBTQ rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marx%27s_theory_of_alienation" title="Marx's theory of alienation">Marx's theory of alienation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_communism_in_Romania" title="National communism in Romania">Romania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_communism" title="War communism">War communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">Worker cooperative</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a> <br /> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communism" title="Template:Communism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communism" title="Template talk:Communism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Category:Marxism–Leninism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marx_Lenin_oval.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/100px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/150px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/200px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative-command_system" title="Administrative-command system">Administrative-command system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Central_planning" title="Planned economy">Central planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet-type economic planning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_farming" title="Collective farming">Collective farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commanding_heights_of_the_economy" title="Commanding heights of the economy">Commanding heights of the economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_logic" title="Dialectical logic">Dialectical logic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_materialism" title="Dialectical materialism">Dialectical materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foco" title="Foco">Foco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensification_of_the_class_struggle_under_socialism" title="Intensification of the class struggle under socialism">Intensification of the class struggle<br />under socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_aristocracy" title="Labor aristocracy">Labor aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_atheism" title="Marxist–Leninist atheism">Marxist–Leninist atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Soviet_man" title="New Soviet man">New Soviet man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_(politics)" title="Partisan (politics)">Partiinost'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_democracy_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" title="People's democracy (Marxism–Leninism)">People's democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">Popular front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">Protracted people's war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-criticism_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-criticism (Marxism–Leninism)">Self-criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_fascism" title="Social fascism">Social fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">Socialism in one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_patriotism" title="Socialist patriotism">Socialist patriotism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_patriotism" title="Soviet patriotism">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism#Socialist_Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslav</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">State</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_the_productive_forces" title="Theory of the productive forces">Theory of the productive forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Period" title="Third Period">Third Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_national_liberation" title="Wars of national liberation">Wars of national liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_power" title="Unified power">Unified power</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fidel_Castro" title="Politics of Fidel Castro">Castroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husakism" title="Husakism">Husakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash_Communism" title="Goulash Communism">Kádárism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrushchevism" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchevism">Khrushchevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Ernst Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorloogiin_Choibalsan" title="Khorloogiin Choibalsan">Khorloogiin Choibalsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehmetjan_Qasim" title="Ehmetjan Qasim">Ehmetjan Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_D%C3%ADaz_(politician)" title="José Díaz (politician)">José Díaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Thorez" title="Maurice Thorez">Maurice Thorez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_Nguy%C3%AAn_Gi%C3%A1p" title="Võ Nguyên Giáp">Võ Nguyên Giáp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Browder" title="Earl Browder">Earl Browder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ulbricht" title="Walter Ulbricht">Walter Ulbricht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s_R%C3%A1kosi" title="Mátyás Rákosi">Mátyás Rákosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Kaganovich" title="Lazar Kaganovich">Lazar Kaganovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Dimitrov" title="Georgi Dimitrov">Georgi Dimitrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_Bierut" title="Bolesław Bierut">Bolesław Bierut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valko_Chervenkov" title="Valko Chervenkov">Valko Chervenkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klement_Gottwald" title="Klement Gottwald">Klement Gottwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gheorghiu-Dej" title="Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej">Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaysone_Phomvihane" title="Kaysone Phomvihane">Kaysone Phomvihane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Bakdash" title="Khalid Bakdash">Khalid Bakdash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Leonid Brezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostinho_Neto" title="Agostinho Neto">Agostinho Neto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BAcio_Lara" title="Lúcio Lara">Lúcio Lara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam" title="Mengistu Haile Mariam">Mengistu Haile Mariam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin_Peng" title="Chin Peng">Chin Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardial_Bains" title="Hardial Bains">Hardial Bains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanz%C5%8D_Nosaka" title="Sanzō Nosaka">Sanzō Nosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gust%C3%A1v_Hus%C3%A1k" title="Gustáv Husák">Gustáv Husák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" title="János Kádár">János Kádár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Honecker" title="Erich Honecker">Erich Honecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Gomu%C5%82ka" title="Władysław Gomułka">Władysław Gomułka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samora_Machel" title="Samora Machel">Samora Machel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Thomas Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathieu_K%C3%A9r%C3%A9kou" title="Mathieu Kérékou">Mathieu Kérékou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siad_Barre" title="Siad Barre">Siad Barre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Muhammad_Taraki" title="Nur Muhammad Taraki">Nur Muhammad Taraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cano" title="Alfonso Cano">Alfonso Cano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Hall" title="Gus Hall">Gus Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpal_Brar" title="Harpal Brar">Harpal Brar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski">Wojciech Jaruzelski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Theoretical works</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Leninism" title="Foundations of Leninism">Foundations of Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_and_Historical_Materialism" title="Dialectical and Historical Materialism">Dialectical and Historical Materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union_(Bolsheviks)" title="History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)">The History of the Communist Party<br />of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Problems_of_Socialism_in_the_USSR" title="Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR">Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Critique_of_Soviet_Economics" title="A Critique of Soviet Economics">A Critique of Soviet Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentals_of_Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism">Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_Warfare_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla Warfare (book)">Guerrilla Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quotations_from_Chairman_Mao_Tse-tung" title="Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung">Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Ho_Chi_Minh%27s_Testament" title="President Ho Chi Minh's Testament">President Ho Chi Minh's Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Governance_of_China" title="The Governance of China">The Governance of China</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1927%E2%80%931953)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)">1927–1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1953%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1953–1964)">1953–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1964%E2%80%931982)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)">1964–1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1982%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)">1982–1991</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Break_(USSR)" title="Great Break (USSR)">Great Break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Collectivization in the Soviet Union">Collectivization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrialization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Industrialization in the Soviet Union">Industrialization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Purge" title="Great Purge">Great Purge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War_(term)" title="Great Patriotic War (term)">Great Patriotic War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Revolution" title="Chinese Communist Revolution">Chinese Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of the People's Republic of China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1949%E2%80%931976)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)">1949–1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1976%E2%80%931989)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1976–1989)">1976–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1989%E2%80%932002)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1989–2002)">1989–2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present)">2002–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidation_of_the_Cuban_Revolution" title="Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution">Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-Stalinization" title="De-Stalinization">De-Stalinization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Revolution of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward" title="Great Leap Forward">Great Leap Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_power_movement" title="Black power movement">Black power movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution" title="Nicaraguan Revolution">Nicaraguan Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">By country</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="People's Republic of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Benin" title="People's Republic of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li>Cambodia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Kampuchea" title="Democratic Kampuchea">1975–79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea" title="People's Republic of Kampuchea">1979–92</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="People's Republic of the Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Socialist_Republic" title="Czech Socialist Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Slovak Socialist Republic">Slovakia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derg" title="Derg">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Revolutionary Government">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Mozambique" title="People's Republic of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Democratic_Republic" title="Somali Democratic Republic">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Slovenia" title="Socialist Republic of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Comintern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Cuba" title="Communist Party of Cuba">Communist Party of Cuba</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea" title="Communist Party of Kampuchea">Communist Party of Kampuchea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party of the Russian Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indochinese_Communist_Party" title="Indochinese Communist Party">Indochinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_People%27s_Party#Forerunner_organizations_and_early_history" title="Cambodian People's Party">Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" title="Lao People's Revolutionary Party">Lao People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Communist_Party" title="Nepal Communist Party">Nepal Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Party of Labour of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandinista_National_Liberation_Front" title="Sandinista National Liberation Front">Sandinista National Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevism" title="Bolshevism">Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity_under_communist_regimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimes against humanity under communist regimes">Crimes against humanity<br />under communist regimes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_personality" title="Cult of personality">Cult of personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_schools_of_thought" title="Marxist schools of thought">Marxist schools of thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bolshevism" title="National Bolshevism">National Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_class" title="New class">New class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-communism" title="Post-communism">Post-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_fascism" title="Red fascism">Red fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">Second</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">Second World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">State capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party">State ideology of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">State ideology of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-Worldism" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-Worldism">Third-Worldism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">Totalitarianism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Marxism" title="Category:Marxism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%;"><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marx_Engels_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels"><img alt="Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Marx_Engels_icon.svg/75px-Marx_Engels_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Marx_Engels_icon.svg/113px-Marx_Engels_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Marx_Engels_icon.svg/150px-Marx_Engels_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marxist_bibliography" title="Marxist bibliography">Theoretical works</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Philosophic_Manuscripts_of_1844" title="Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844">Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Condition_of_the_Working_Class_in_England" title="The Condition of the Working Class in England">The Condition of the Working Class in England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_German_Ideology" title="The German Ideology">The German Ideology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Communist_Manifesto" title="The Communist Manifesto">The Communist Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Eighteenth_Brumaire_of_Louis_Bonaparte" title="The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte">The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grundrisse" title="Grundrisse">Grundrisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Das_Kapital" title="Das Kapital">Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_the_Gotha_Programme" title="Critique of the Gotha Programme">Critique of the Gotha Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectics_of_Nature" title="Dialectics of Nature">Dialectics of Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Origin_of_the_Family,_Private_Property_and_the_State" title="The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State">The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/What_Is_to_Be_Done%3F" title="What Is to Be Done?">What Is to Be Done?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Accumulation_of_Capital" title="The Accumulation of Capital">The Accumulation of Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_Notebooks" title="Philosophical Notebooks">Philosophical Notebooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_and_Communism" title="Terrorism and Communism">Terrorism and Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_State_and_Revolution" title="The State and Revolution">The State and Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essays_on_Marx%27s_Theory_of_Value" title="Essays on Marx's Theory of Value">Essays on Marx's Theory of Value</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_and_Class_Consciousness" title="History and Class Consciousness">History and Class Consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_Notebooks" title="Prison Notebooks">Prison Notebooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Jacobins" title="The Black Jacobins">The Black Jacobins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Practice" title="On Practice">On Practice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theses_on_the_Philosophy_of_History" title="Theses on the Philosophy of History">Theses on the Philosophy of History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectic_of_Enlightenment" title="Dialectic of Enlightenment">Dialectic of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Critique_of_Soviet_Economics" title="A Critique of Soviet Economics">A Critique of Soviet Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Revolution" title="The Long Revolution">The Long Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_Warfare_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla Warfare (book)">Guerrilla Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wretched_of_the_Earth" title="The Wretched of the Earth">The Wretched of the Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Capital" title="Reading Capital">Reading Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Society_of_the_Spectacle" title="The Society of the Spectacle">The Society of the Spectacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedagogy_of_the_Oppressed" title="Pedagogy of the Oppressed">Pedagogy of the Oppressed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_and_Ideological_State_Apparatuses" title="Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses">Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ways_of_Seeing" title="Ways of Seeing">Ways of Seeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_Europe_Underdeveloped_Africa" title="How Europe Underdeveloped Africa">How Europe Underdeveloped Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Justice_and_the_City" title="Social Justice and the City">Social Justice and the City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women,_Race_and_Class" title="Women, Race and Class">Women, Race and Class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism_and_the_Oppression_of_Women" title="Marxism and the Oppression of Women">Marxism and the Oppression of Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagined_Communities" title="Imagined Communities">Imagined Communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemony_and_Socialist_Strategy" title="Hegemony and Socialist Strategy">Hegemony and Socialist Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sublime_Object_of_Ideology" title="The Sublime Object of Ideology">The Sublime Object of Ideology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time,_Labor_and_Social_Domination" title="Time, Labor and Social Domination">Time, Labor and Social Domination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Age_of_Extremes" title="The Age of Extremes">The Age of Extremes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Origin_of_Capitalism" title="The Origin of Capitalism">The Origin of Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_(Hardt_and_Negri_book)" title="Empire (Hardt and Negri book)">Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_Victorian_Holocausts" title="Late Victorian Holocausts">Late Victorian Holocausts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Change_the_World_Without_Taking_Power" title="Change the World Without Taking Power">Change the World Without Taking Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliban_and_the_Witch" title="Caliban and the Witch">Caliban and the Witch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Introduction_to_the_Three_Volumes_of_Karl_Marx%27s_Capital" title="An Introduction to the Three Volumes of Karl Marx's Capital">An Introduction to the Three Volumes of Karl Marx's Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_Realism" title="Capitalist Realism">Capitalist Realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_in_the_Anthropocene" title="Capital in the Anthropocene">Capital in the Anthropocene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Towards_Socialism_or_Capitalism%3F" title="Towards Socialism or Capitalism?">Towards Socialism or Capitalism?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Revolution_Betrayed" title="The Revolution Betrayed">The Revolution Betrayed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_and_Revolution" title="Literature and Revolution">Literature and Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Struggle_Against_Fascism_in_Germany" title="The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany">The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Their_Morals_and_Ours:_The_class_foundations_of_moral_practice" title="Their Morals and Ours: The class foundations of moral practice">Their Morals and Ours: The class foundations of moral practice</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marxist_philosophy" title="Marxist philosophy">Philosophy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marx%27s_theory_of_alienation" title="Marx's theory of alienation">Alienation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_materialism" title="Dialectical materialism">Dialectical materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology#Marxist_interpretation" title="Ideology">Ideology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_philosophy_of_nature" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist philosophy of nature">Philosophy of nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Philosophy in the Soviet Union">Philosophy in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reification_(Marxism)" title="Reification (Marxism)">Reification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_ethics" title="Marxist ethics">Marxist ethics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_(Marxism)" title="Capital (Marxism)">Capital</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capital_accumulation" title="Capital accumulation">accumulation</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_theory" title="Crisis theory">Crisis theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodity_(Marxism)" title="Commodity (Marxism)">Commodity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_labour_and_concrete_labour" title="Abstract labour and concrete labour">Concrete and abstract labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factors_of_production#Marxism" title="Factors of production">Factors of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tendency_of_the_rate_of_profit_to_fall" title="Tendency of the rate of profit to fall">Falling profit-rate tendency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Means_of_production" title="Means of production">Means of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_of_production" title="Mode of production">Mode of production</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_mode_of_production_(Marxist_theory)" title="Capitalist mode of production (Marxist theory)">Capitalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Productive_forces" title="Productive forces">Productive forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_socialism" title="Scientific socialism">Scientific socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surplus_product" title="Surplus product">Surplus product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socially_necessary_labour_time" title="Socially necessary labour time">Socially necessary labour time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Value-form" title="Value-form">Value-form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_labour" title="Wage labour">Wage labour</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marxist_sociology" title="Marxist sociology">Sociology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Base_and_superstructure" title="Base and superstructure">Base and superstructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourgeoisie#Marxist_theory" title="Bourgeoisie">Bourgeoisie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxian_class_theory" title="Marxian class theory">Class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_consciousness" title="Class consciousness">Class consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodity_fetishism" title="Commodity fetishism">Commodity fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_society" title="Communist society">Communist society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_theory" title="Critical theory">Critical theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_hegemony" title="Cultural hegemony">Cultural hegemony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Marxism" title="Democracy in Marxism">Democracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_democracy" title="Soviet democracy">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_democracy" title="Radical democracy">Radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_of_labour#Marxist_theory" title="Exploitation of labour">Exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_consciousness" title="False consciousness">False consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marx%27s_theory_of_human_nature" title="Marx's theory of human nature">Human nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immiseration_thesis" title="Immiseration thesis">Immiseration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_imperialism#Marx" class="mw-redirect" title="Theory of imperialism">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumpenproletariat" title="Lumpenproletariat">Lumpenproletariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabolic_rift" title="Metabolic rift">Metabolic rift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletariat" title="Proletariat">Proletariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_property" title="Private property">Private property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relations_of_production" title="Relations of production">Relations of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marx%27s_theory_of_the_state" title="Marx's theory of the state">State theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_class" title="Working class">Working class</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Historical_materialism" title="Historical materialism">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_determinism" title="Historical determinism">Historical determinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_accumulation_of_capital" title="Primitive accumulation of capital">Primitive accumulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_revolution" title="Proletarian revolution">Proletarian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_revolution" title="World revolution">World revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_historical_trajectory" title="Theory of historical trajectory">Theory of historical trajectory</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)">Aspects</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_aesthetics" title="Marxist aesthetics">Aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_archaeology" title="Marxist archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_criminology" title="Marxist criminology">Criminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_cultural_analysis" title="Marxist cultural analysis">Cultural analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_studies" title="Cultural studies">Cultural Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_ethics" title="Marxist ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_film_theory" title="Marxist film theory">Film theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_geography" title="Marxist geography">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_historiography" title="Marxist historiography">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_literary_criticism" title="Marxist literary criticism">Literary criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism_and_religion" title="Marxism and religion">Marxism and religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_sociology" title="Marxist sociology">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_philosophy" title="Marxist philosophy">Philosophy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)">Common variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-top:0.2em;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;"> <a href="/wiki/Structural_Marxism" title="Structural Marxism">Structural</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomism" title="Autonomism">Autonomist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Gramscianism" title="Neo-Gramscianism">Neo-Gramscianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulation_school" title="Regulation school">Regulation school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism%E2%80%93Third_Worldism" title="Maoism–Third Worldism">Third-worldist</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-top:0.2em;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;"> <a href="/wiki/History_and_Class_Consciousness#Summary" title="History and Class Consciousness">Hegelian</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_School" title="Budapest School">Budapest School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_School" title="Frankfurt School">Frankfurt School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_humanism" title="Marxist humanism">Humanist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Marx-Lekt%C3%BCre" title="Neue Marx-Lektüre">Neue Marx-Lektüre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Marxism" title="Open Marxism">Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Marxism" title="Political Marxism">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praxis_School" title="Praxis School">Praxis School</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-top:0.2em;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;"> Both</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_radical_tradition" title="Black radical tradition">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Marxism" title="Classical Marxism">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communization" title="Communization">Communization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_feminism" title="Marxist feminism">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Marxism" title="Neo-Marxism">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Marxism" title="Post-Marxism">Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Marxism" title="Western Marxism">Western</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Marxist_schools_of_thought" title="Marxist schools of thought">Other variants</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analytical_Marxism" title="Analytical Marxism">Analytical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austromarxism" title="Austromarxism">Austromarxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrist_Marxism" title="Centrist Marxism">Centrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">Eurocommunism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instrumental_Marxism" title="Instrumental Marxism">Instrumental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkrumaism" title="Nkrumaism">Nkrumaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Marxism" title="Orthodox Marxism">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionism_(Marxism)" title="Revisionism (Marxism)">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Situationist" class="mw-redirect" title="Situationist">Situationist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wertkritik" class="mw-redirect" title="Wertkritik">Wertkritik</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_contributors_to_Marxist_theory" title="List of contributors to Marxist theory">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lafargue" title="Paul Lafargue">Lafargue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaak_Illich_Rubin" title="Isaak Illich Rubin">Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht" title="Karl Liebknecht">Liebknecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Kollontai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bogdanov" title="Alexander Bogdanov">Bogdanov</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Grossman" title="Henryk Grossman">Grossman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Zinoviev" title="Grigory Zinoviev">Zinoviev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Bloch" title="Ernst Bloch">Bloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Korsch" title="Karl Korsch">Korsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Bukharin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Serge" title="Victor Serge">Serge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirsaid_Sultan-Galiev" title="Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev">Galiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Pashukanis" title="Evgeny Pashukanis">Pashukanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Bordiga" title="Amadeo Bordiga">Bordiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyoti_Basu" title="Jyoti Basu">Basu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Mari%C3%A1tegui" title="José Carlos Mariátegui">Mariátegui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Horkheimer" title="Max Horkheimer">Horkheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Palme_Dutt" title="R. Palme Dutt">Dutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Brecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Marcuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha%C5%82_Kalecki" title="Michał Kalecki">Kalecki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Fromm" title="Erich Fromm">Fromm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cox" title="Oliver Cox">Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Lefebvre" title="Henri Lefebvre">Lefebvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._R._James" title="C. L. R. James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._Adorno" title="Theodor W. Adorno">Adorno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Padmore" title="George Padmore">Padmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Deutscher" title="Isaac Deutscher">Deutscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Sombart" title="Werner Sombart">Sombart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Nkrumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sweezy" title="Paul Sweezy">Sweezy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arghiri_Emmanuel" title="Arghiri Emmanuel">Emmanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hill_(historian)" title="Christopher Hill (historian)">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bettelheim" title="Charles Bettelheim">Bettelheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Draper" title="Hal Draper">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Jones" title="Claudia Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Althusser" title="Louis Althusser">Althusser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Hinton" title="William H. Hinton">Hinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Williams" title="Raymond Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Freire" title="Paulo Freire">Freire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Mandel" title="Ernest Mandel">Mandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambalavaner_Sivanandan" title="Ambalavaner Sivanandan">Sivanandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Miliband" title="Ralph Miliband">Miliband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%ADlcar_Cabral" title="Amílcar Cabral">Cabral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._P._Thompson" title="E. P. Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Bauman" title="Zygmunt Bauman">Bauman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frantz_Fanon" title="Frantz Fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Kos%C3%ADk" title="Karel Kosík">Kosik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Berger" title="John Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Liebman" title="Marcel Liebman">Liebman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Heller" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnes Heller">Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Guattari" title="Félix Guattari">Guattari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_M%C3%A9sz%C3%A1ros_(philosopher)" title="István Mészáros (philosopher)">Mészáros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Connor_(academic)" title="James O'Connor (academic)">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Wallerstein" title="Immanuel Wallerstein">Wallerstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Mies" title="Maria Mies">Mies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Tronti" title="Mario Tronti">Tronti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Amin" title="Samir Amin">Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Hall_(cultural_theorist)" title="Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Nairn" title="Tom Nairn">Nairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Parenti" title="Michael Parenti">Parenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Negri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fredric_Jameson" title="Fredric Jameson">Jameson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Abimael Guzmán">Gonzalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Dussel" title="Enrique Dussel">Dussel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Harvey" title="David Harvey">Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Laclau" title="Ernesto Laclau">Laclau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Bahro" title="Rudolf Bahro">Bahro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicos_Poulantzas" title="Nicos Poulantzas">Poulantzas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Vattimo" title="Gianni Vattimo">Vattimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Badiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marta_Harnecker" title="Marta Harnecker">Harnecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmar_Altvater" title="Elmar Altvater">Altvater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Anderson" title="Perry Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_L%C3%B6wy" title="Michael Löwy">Löwy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lise_Vogel" title="Lise Vogel">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Sison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Easthope" title="Antony Easthope">Easthope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Ranci%C3%A8re" title="Jacques Rancière">Rancière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Berman" title="Marshall Berman">Berman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Przeworski" title="Adam Przeworski">Przeworski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._A._Cohen" title="G. A. Cohen">Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ran_Therborn" title="Göran Therborn">Therborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Losurdo" title="Domenico Losurdo">Losurdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stokely_Carmichael" title="Stokely Carmichael">Ture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moishe_Postone" title="Moishe Postone">Postone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Rodney" title="Walter Rodney">Rodney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himani_Bannerji" title="Himani Bannerji">Bannerji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayatri_Chakravorty_Spivak" title="Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak">Spivak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settlers:_The_Mythology_of_the_White_Proletariat" title="Settlers: The Mythology of the White Proletariat">Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Meiksins_Wood" title="Ellen Meiksins Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvia_Federici" title="Silvia Federici">Federici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Wolff" title="Richard D. Wolff">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Balibar" title="Étienne Balibar">Balibar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Eagleton" title="Terry Eagleton">Eagleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kurz" title="Robert Kurz">Kurz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Hartsock" title="Nancy Hartsock">Hartsock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Rowbotham" title="Sheila Rowbotham">Rowbotham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chantal_Mouffe" title="Chantal Mouffe">Mouffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Geras" title="Norman Geras">Geras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brenner" title="Robert Brenner">Brenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Massey_(geographer)" title="Doreen Massey (geographer)">Massey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Cleaver" title="Harry Cleaver">Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bishop" title="Maurice Bishop">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Haraway" title="Donna Haraway">Haraway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Panitch" title="Leo Panitch">Panitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Clarke_(sociologist)" title="Simon Clarke (sociologist)">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Jessop" title="Bob Jessop">Jessop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Davis_(scholar)" title="Mike Davis (scholar)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Olin_Wright" title="Erik Olin Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Fraser" title="Nancy Fraser">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Burawoy" title="Michael Burawoy">Burawoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holloway_(sociologist)" title="John Holloway (sociologist)">Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Rose" title="Gillian Rose">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Screpanti" title="Ernesto Screpanti">Screpanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1sp%C3%A1r_Mikl%C3%B3s_Tam%C3%A1s" title="Gáspár Miklós Tamás">Tamás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cano" title="Alfonso Cano">Cano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_%C5%BDi%C5%BEek" title="Slavoj Žižek">Žižek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Berardi" title="Franco Berardi">Berardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Hennessy" title="Rosemary Hennessy">Hennessy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McDonnell" title="John McDonnell">McDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costas_Douzinas" title="Costas Douzinas">Douzinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Roediger" title="David Roediger">Roediger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bellamy_Foster" title="John Bellamy Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuradha_Ghandy" title="Anuradha Ghandy">Ghandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcomandante_Marcos" title="Subcomandante Marcos">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Heinrich" title="Michael Heinrich">Heinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Prashad" title="Vijay Prashad">Prashad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Kelley" title="Robin Kelley">Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodi_Dean" title="Jodi Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Lordon" title="Frédéric Lordon">Lordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Garc%C3%ADa_Linera" title="Álvaro García Linera">Linera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Fisher" title="Mark Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Minqi" title="Li Minqi">Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Coulthard" title="Glen Coulthard">Coulthard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Malm" title="Andreas Malm">Malm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Seymour_(21st-century_writer)" title="Richard Seymour (21st-century writer)">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Toscano" title="Alberto Toscano">Toscano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithi_Bhattacharya" title="Tithi Bhattacharya">Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Moufawad-Paul" title="J. Moufawad-Paul">Moufawad-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Srnicek" title="Nick Srnicek">Srnicek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sre%C4%87ko_Horvat" title="Srećko Horvat">Horvat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agon_Hamza" title="Agon Hamza">Hamza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Saito</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)">Journals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antipode_(journal)" title="Antipode (journal)">Antipode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_%26_Class" title="Capital & Class">Capital & Class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalism_Nature_Socialism" title="Capitalism Nature Socialism">Capitalism Nature Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellations_(journal)" title="Constellations (journal)">Constellations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique:_Journal_of_Socialist_Theory" title="Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory">Critique: Journal of Socialist Theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Materialism_(journal)" title="Historical Materialism (journal)">Historical Materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediations_(journal)" title="Mediations (journal)">Mediations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monthly_Review" title="Monthly Review">Monthly Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left_Review" title="New Left Review">New Left Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_%26_Class" title="Race & Class">Race & Class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rethinking_Marxism" title="Rethinking Marxism">Rethinking Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_%26_Society" title="Science & Society">Science & Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Register" title="Socialist Register">Socialist Register</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #b20000;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21st-century_communist_theorists" title="21st-century communist theorists">21st-century communist theorists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creative_destruction" title="Creative destruction">Creative destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Conflict theory">Conflict theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Marxism" title="Criticism of Marxism">Criticism of Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (Bookchin)">Communalism</a></li> <li><a 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plainlist" style="line-height:1.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Marxism" title="Outline of Marxism">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/10px-Socrates.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/15px-Socrates.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/21px-Socrates.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philosophy" title="Portal:Philosophy">Philosophy portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Marxism_sidebar" title="Template:Marxism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Marxism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Marxism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Marxism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Marxism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Communist Party of India</b> (<b>CPI</b>) is the oldest <a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">communist party</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. The CPI was founded in modern-day <a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a> on 26 December 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently, it has two members in <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> and two members in <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a>. In addition, it has 22 <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly" title="Member of the Legislative Assembly">MLAs</a> across four states and one <a href="/wiki/Legislative_council" title="Legislative council">MLC</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Council" title="Bihar Legislative Council">Bihar</a>. It has the current ECI status of a <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">state party</a> in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Manipur.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CPI was heavily involved in resistance to British colonisation, the fight against the <a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">caste system</a> and for <a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">land reform</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1921 and 1933, many communist leaders were arrested and imprisoned. In 1934, the British colonial administration banned the Communist Party and its affiliated trade union and peasant organisations, making membership a criminal offence.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Communist Party continued its activities clandestinely, despite the repression. Between 1946 and 1951, it structured the <a href="/wiki/Telangana_Rebellion" title="Telangana Rebellion">peasant revolt in Telangana</a> and organised guerrilla warfare against the feudal lords.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CPI was the main opposition party in India during the 1950s to 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CPI was part of the ruling <a href="/wiki/United_Front_(India,_1996)" title="United Front (India, 1996)">United Front</a> government from 1996 to 1998 and had two ministers under <a href="/wiki/Deve_Gowda_ministry" title="Deve Gowda ministry">Devegowda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gujral_ministry" title="Gujral ministry">Gujral</a> Ministry. The Left Front gave outside support to the V. P. Singh government (1989–90) and UPA government (2004–2009). The <a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(West_Bengal)" title="Left Front (West Bengal)">Left Front</a> governed West Bengal for 34 years (1977–2011) and Tripura for 25 years (1993–2018).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of December 2023, the CPI is a part of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kerala" title="Government of Kerala">state government</a> in Kerala led by <a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front" title="Left Democratic Front">LDF</a>. The CPI have four <a href="/wiki/Second_Vijayan_ministry" title="Second Vijayan ministry">Cabinet Ministers</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Chittayam_Gopakumar" title="Chittayam Gopakumar">Deputy Speaker</a> in Kerala. In Tamil Nadu, it is in power with <a href="/wiki/Secular_Progressive_Alliance" title="Secular Progressive Alliance">SPA</a> coalition led by <a href="/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">DMK</a>. In Telangana, it is in alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Revanth_Reddy_ministry" title="Revanth Reddy ministry">INC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CPI, along with the Left Front, is part of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Developmental_Inclusive_Alliance" title="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance">INDIA</a> bloc formed to defeat the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a>-led right-wing <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">NDA</a> government in <a href="/wiki/2024_Indian_general_election" title="2024 Indian general election">2024 General elections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation">Formation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Communist Party of India (CPI) was formed on 26 December 1925 at the <a href="/wiki/Foundation_of_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="Foundation of the Communist Party of India">first Party Conference</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a>, which was then known as <i>Cawnpore</i>. <a href="/wiki/S._V._Ghate" title="S. V. Ghate">S. V. Ghate</a> was the first General Secretary of the CPI. There were many communist groups formed by Indians with the help of foreigners in different parts of the world, Tashkent group of Contacts were made with <a href="/wiki/Anushilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Anushilan">Anushilan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jugantar" title="Jugantar">Jugantar</a> the groups in <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, and small communist groups were formed in <a href="/wiki/Bombay_Presidency" title="Bombay Presidency">Bombay</a> (led by <a href="/wiki/Shripad_Amrit_Dange" title="Shripad Amrit Dange">S. A. Dange</a>), <a href="/wiki/Madras_Presidency" title="Madras Presidency">Madras</a> (led by <a href="/wiki/Malayapuram_Singaravelu" title="Malayapuram Singaravelu">Singaravelu</a>), <a href="/wiki/United_Provinces_of_British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="United Provinces of British India">United Provinces</a> (led by <a href="/wiki/Shaukat_Usmani" title="Shaukat Usmani">Shaukat Usmani</a>), <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Province_(British_India)" title="Punjab Province (British India)">Punjab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sind_Province_(1936%E2%80%931955)" title="Sind Province (1936–1955)">Sindh</a> (led by <a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Hussain_Hidayatullah" title="Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah">Ghulam Hussain</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal</a> (led by <a href="/wiki/Muzaffar_Ahmed_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzaffar Ahmed (politician)">Muzaffar Ahmed</a>). </p><p>There is a dispute on the year of formation of CPI. The <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a> which split from CPI in 1964, considers 17 October 1920 as the founding day of Communist Party of India. On this day, M. N. Roy, Evelyn Trent-Roy, <a href="/wiki/Abani_Mukherji" title="Abani Mukherji">Abani Mukherji</a>, Rosa Fitingov, Mohd. Ali, Mohamad Shafiq, and M. P. T. Acharya met in <a href="/wiki/Tashkent" title="Tashkent">Tashkent</a> to form the communist movement in India. Though 1920 and 1925 both dates are insignificant, because on both of these occasions, the CPI did not adopt a "Party Constitution", which was a foremost prerequisite required to be considered for the membership of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Communist International</a>. The CPI considers 1925 as their founding day, but CPI(M) thinks 1920 as the year, when communist movement in India was founded. There is a technical dispute between both parties on this issue.<sup id="cite_ref-Karat_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Karat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Involvement_in_independence_struggle">Involvement in independence struggle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Involvement in independence struggle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 1920s and the early 1930s the party was poorly organised, and in practice there were several communist groups working with limited national co-ordination. The government banned all communist activity, which made the task of building a united party difficult. Between 1921 and 1924, there were three conspiracy trials against the communist movement: the <a href="/wiki/Peshawar_Conspiracy_Cases" title="Peshawar Conspiracy Cases">Peshawar Conspiracy Cases</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Meerut_Conspiracy_Case" title="Meerut Conspiracy Case">Meerut Conspiracy Case</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kanpur_Bolshevik_Conspiracy_Case" title="Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case">Kanpur Bolshevik Conspiracy Case</a>. In the first three cases, Russian-trained muhajir communists were put on trial. However, the Cawnpore (now spelt Kanpur) trial had more political impact. On 17 March 1924, <a href="/wiki/Shripad_Amrit_Dange" title="Shripad Amrit Dange">Shripad Amrit Dange</a>, M. N. Roy, <a href="/wiki/Muzaffar_Ahmad" title="Muzaffar Ahmad">Muzaffar Ahmad</a>, Nalini Gupta, Shaukat Usmani, <a href="/wiki/Malayapuram_Singaravelu" title="Malayapuram Singaravelu">Malayapuram Singaravelu</a>, Ghulam Hussain, and R. C. Sharma were charged, in Cawnpore Bolshevik Conspiracy case. The specific pip charge was that they as communists were seeking "to deprive the King Emperor of his sovereignty of British India, by complete separation of India from Britain by a violent revolution." Pages of newspapers daily splashed sensational communist plans and people for the first time learned, on such a large scale, about communism and its doctrines and the aims of the Communist International in India.<sup id="cite_ref-Ralhan,_O.P._17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ralhan,_O.P.-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Singaravelu Chettiar was released on account of illness. M. N. Roy was in Germany and R. C. Sharma in French <a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Pondichéry</a>, and therefore could not be arrested. Ghulam Hussain confessed that he had received money from the Russians in <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> and was pardoned. Muzaffar Ahmed, Nalini Gupta, Shaukat Usmani and Dange were sentenced for various terms of imprisonment. This case was responsible for actively introducing communism to a larger Indian audience.<sup id="cite_ref-Ralhan,_O.P._17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ralhan,_O.P.-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dange was released from prison in 1927. Rahul Dev Pal was a prominent communist leader. </p><p>On 26 December 1925, a communist conference was organised in Kanpur.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Government authorities estimated that 500 persons took part in the conference. The conference was convened by a man called <a href="/wiki/Satya_Bhakta" title="Satya Bhakta">Satya Bhakta</a>. At the conference Satyabhakta argued for a '<a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National communism</a>' and against subordination under the Comintern. Being outvoted by the other delegates, Satyabhakta left the conference venue in protest. The conference adopted the name 'Communist Party of India'. Groups such as <a href="/wiki/Labour_Kisan_Party_of_Hindustan" title="Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan">Labour Kisan Party of Hindustan</a> (LKPH) dissolved into the CPI.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The émigré CPI, which probably had little organic character anyway, was effectively substituted by the organisation now operating inside India. </p><p>Soon after the 1926 conference of the <a href="/wiki/Workers_and_Peasants_Party_(India)" title="Workers and Peasants Party (India)">Workers and Peasants Party</a> of Bengal, the underground CPI directed its members to join the provincial Workers and Peasants Parties. All open communist activities were carried out through Workers and Peasants Parties.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The sixth congress of the Communist International met in 1928. In 1927 the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> had turned on the Chinese communists, which led to a review of the policy on forming alliances with the national bourgeoisie in the colonial countries. The Colonial theses of the 6th Comintern congress called upon the Indian communists to combat the 'national-reformist leaders' and to 'unmask the national reformism of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> and oppose all phrases of the Swarajists, Gandhists, etc. about passive resistance'.<sup id="cite_ref-saha_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saha-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The congress did however differentiate between the character of the Chinese Kuomintang and the Indian <a href="/wiki/Swaraj_Party" title="Swaraj Party">Swarajist Party</a>, considering the latter as neither a reliable ally nor a direct enemy. The congress called on the Indian communists to use the contradictions between the national bourgeoisie and the British imperialists.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The congress also denounced the WPP. The Tenth Plenum of the executive committee of the Communist International, 3 July 1929 – 19 July 1929, directed the Indian communists to break with WPP. When the communists deserted it, the WPP fell apart.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meerut_prisoners_outside_the_jail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Meerut_prisoners_outside_the_jail.jpg/350px-Meerut_prisoners_outside_the_jail.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Meerut_prisoners_outside_the_jail.jpg/525px-Meerut_prisoners_outside_the_jail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Meerut_prisoners_outside_the_jail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="649" data-file-height="318" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of 25 of the <a href="/wiki/Meerut" title="Meerut">Meerut</a> prisoners taken outside the jail. Back row (left to right): K. N. Sehgal, <a href="/wiki/Sohan_Singh_Josh" title="Sohan Singh Josh">S. S. Josh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lester_Hutchinson" title="Lester Hutchinson">H. L. Hutchinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaukat_Usmani" title="Shaukat Usmani">Shaukat Usmani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Francis_Bradley" title="Benjamin Francis Bradley">B. F. Bradley</a>, A. Prasad, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Spratt" title="Philip Spratt">P. Spratt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gangadhar_Adhikari" title="Gangadhar Adhikari">G. Adhikari</a>. Middle row: <a href="/wiki/Radharaman_Mitra" title="Radharaman Mitra">R. R. Mitra</a>, Gopen Chakravarti, Kishori Lal Ghosh, L. R. Kadam, D. R. Thengdi, Goura Shanker, <a href="/wiki/Sibnath_Banerjee" title="Sibnath Banerjee">S. Bannerjee</a>, <a href="/wiki/K._N._Joglekar" title="K. N. Joglekar">K. N. Joglekar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puran_Chand_Joshi" title="Puran Chand Joshi">P. C. Joshi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muzaffar_Ahmad" title="Muzaffar Ahmad">Muzaffar Ahmad</a>. Front row: M. G. Desai, D. Goswami, R. S. Nimbkar, <a href="/wiki/S._S._Mirajkar" title="S. S. Mirajkar">S. S. Mirajkar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shripad_Amrit_Dange" title="Shripad Amrit Dange">S. A. Dange</a>, <a href="/wiki/S._V._Ghate" title="S. V. Ghate">S. V. Ghate</a>, Gopal Basak.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 20 March 1929, arrests against WPP, CPI and other labour leaders were made in several parts of India, in what became known as the Meerut Conspiracy Case. The communist leadership was now put behind bars. The trial proceedings were to last for four years.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 1934, the main centres of activity of CPI were Bombay, Calcutta and Punjab. The party had also begun extending its activities to Madras. A group of Andhra and Tamil students, amongst them <a href="/wiki/P._Sundarayya" class="mw-redirect" title="P. Sundarayya">P. Sundarayya</a>, were recruited to the CPI by <a href="/wiki/Dada_Amir_Haider_Khan" title="Dada Amir Haider Khan">Amir Hyder Khan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ems7_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ems7-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party was reorganised in 1933, after the communist leaders from the Meerut trials were released. A central committee of the party was set up. In 1934, the party was accepted as the Indian section of the Communist International.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Indian left-wing elements formed the <a href="/wiki/Congress_Socialist_Party" title="Congress Socialist Party">Congress Socialist Party</a> in 1934, the CPI branded it as <a href="/wiki/Social_fascism" title="Social fascism">Social Fascist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-saha_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saha-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/League_Against_Gandhism" title="League Against Gandhism">League Against Gandhism</a>, initially known as the Gandhi Boycott Committee, was a political organisation in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a>, founded by the underground Communist Party of India and others to launch militant <a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">anti-Imperialist</a> activities. The group took the name 'League Against Gandhism' in 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In connection with the change of policy of the Comintern toward <a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">popular front</a> politics, the Indian communists changed their relation to the Indian National Congress. The communists joined the Congress Socialist Party, which worked as the left-wing of Congress. Through joining CSP, the CPI accepted the CSP demand for a Constituent Assembly, which it had denounced two years before. The CPI however analysed that the demand for a Constituent Assembly would not be a substitute for <a href="/wiki/Soviet_(council)" title="Soviet (council)">soviets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mnroy_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mnroy-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1937, clandestine meeting held at <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Calicut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five persons were present at the meeting, <a href="/wiki/P._Krishna_Pillai" title="P. Krishna Pillai">P. Krishna Pillai</a>, <a href="/wiki/K._Damodaran" title="K. Damodaran">K. Damodaran</a>, <a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a>, <a href="/wiki/N._C._Sekhar" title="N. C. Sekhar">N. C. Sekhar</a> and <a href="/wiki/S.V._Ghate" class="mw-redirect" title="S.V. Ghate">S.V. Ghate</a>. The first four were members of the CSP in Kerala. The CPI in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> was formed on 31 December 1939 with the Pinarayi Conference.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter, Ghate, was a CPI Central Committee member, who had arrived from Madras.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contacts between the CSP in Kerala and the CPI had begun in 1935, when P. Sundarayya (CC member of CPI, based in Madras at the time) met with E. M. S. Namboodiripad and Krishna Pillai. Sundarayya and Ghate visited Kerala at several times and met with the CSP leaders there. The contacts were facilitated through the national meetings of the Congress, CSP and <a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ems7_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ems7-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1936–1937, the co-operation between socialists and communists reached its peak. At the 2nd congress of the CSP, held in <a href="/wiki/Meerut" title="Meerut">Meerut</a> in January 1936, a thesis was adopted which declared that there was a need to build 'a united Indian Socialist Party based on <a href="/wiki/Marxism-Leninism" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxism-Leninism">Marxism-Leninism</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the 3rd CSP congress, held in <a href="/wiki/Faizpur" title="Faizpur">Faizpur</a>, several communists were included into the CSP National Executive Committee.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two communists, E. M. S. Namboodiripad and <a href="/wiki/Z._A._Ahmed" title="Z. A. Ahmed">Z. A. Ahmed</a>, became All India joint secretaries of CSP. The CPI also had two other members inside the CSP executive.<sup id="cite_ref-mnroy_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mnroy-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the occasion of the 1940 Ramgarh Congress Conference, CPI released a declaration called <i>Proletarian Path</i>, which sought to use the weakened state of the British Empire in the time of war and gave a call for <a href="/wiki/General_strike" title="General strike">general strike</a>, no-tax, no-rent policies and mobilising for an armed revolutionary uprising. The National Executive of the CSP assembled at <a href="/wiki/Ramgarh_Cantonment" title="Ramgarh Cantonment">Ramgarh</a> took a decision that all communists were expelled from CSP.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1942, the CPI was legalised, as a result of Britain and the Soviet Union becoming allies against Nazi Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Communists strengthened their control over the All India Trade Union Congress. At the same time, communists were politically cornered for their opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Quit_India_Movement" title="Quit India Movement">Quit India Movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-newsclick.in_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsclick.in-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CPI contested the Provincial Legislative Assembly elections of 1946 on its own. It had candidates in 108 out of 1585 seats, winning in eight seats. In total, the CPI vote counted 666 723, which should be seen with the backdrop that 86% of the adult population of India lacked voting rights. The party had contested three seats in Bengal, and won all of them. One CPI candidate, <a href="/wiki/Somnath_Lahiri" title="Somnath Lahiri">Somnath Lahiri</a>, was elected to the Constituent Assembly.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Communist Party of India <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_partition_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to the partition of India">opposed the partition of India</a> and did not participate in the <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(India)" title="Independence Day (India)">Independence Day</a> celebrations of 15 August 1947 in protest at the division of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Bandyopadhyay2009_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bandyopadhyay2009-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_independence">After independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: After independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armed_peasants_-_Telangana_armed_struggle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Armed_peasants_-_Telangana_armed_struggle.jpg/220px-Armed_peasants_-_Telangana_armed_struggle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Armed_peasants_-_Telangana_armed_struggle.jpg/330px-Armed_peasants_-_Telangana_armed_struggle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Armed_peasants_-_Telangana_armed_struggle.jpg/440px-Armed_peasants_-_Telangana_armed_struggle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Telangana_armed_struggle" class="mw-redirect" title="Telangana armed struggle">Telangana armed struggle</a> (1946–1952), was a peasant rebellion by communists against the feudal lords of the Telangana region in the princely state of Hyderabad. </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Telangana_Armed_Struggle_guerrillas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Telangana_Armed_Struggle_guerrillas.jpg/220px-Telangana_Armed_Struggle_guerrillas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Telangana_Armed_Struggle_guerrillas.jpg/330px-Telangana_Armed_Struggle_guerrillas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Telangana_Armed_Struggle_guerrillas.jpg/440px-Telangana_Armed_Struggle_guerrillas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2168" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>Guerrillas of the Telangana armed struggle</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Communist_Party_camp_in_Karol_Bagh,_Delhi,_1952.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/A_Communist_Party_camp_in_Karol_Bagh%2C_Delhi%2C_1952.jpg/220px-A_Communist_Party_camp_in_Karol_Bagh%2C_Delhi%2C_1952.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/A_Communist_Party_camp_in_Karol_Bagh%2C_Delhi%2C_1952.jpg/330px-A_Communist_Party_camp_in_Karol_Bagh%2C_Delhi%2C_1952.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/A_Communist_Party_camp_in_Karol_Bagh%2C_Delhi%2C_1952.jpg/440px-A_Communist_Party_camp_in_Karol_Bagh%2C_Delhi%2C_1952.jpg 2x" data-file-width="865" data-file-height="623" /></a><figcaption>CPI election campaign in <a href="/wiki/Karol_Bagh" title="Karol Bagh">Karol Bagh</a>, Delhi, for the <a href="/wiki/1952_Indian_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1952 Indian general election">1952 Indian general election</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kerala_Council_of_Ministers_1957_EMS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kerala_Council_of_Ministers_1957_EMS.jpg/220px-Kerala_Council_of_Ministers_1957_EMS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kerala_Council_of_Ministers_1957_EMS.jpg/330px-Kerala_Council_of_Ministers_1957_EMS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kerala_Council_of_Ministers_1957_EMS.jpg/440px-Kerala_Council_of_Ministers_1957_EMS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption>First Council of Ministers, First CPI Ministry in Kerala</figcaption></figure> <p>During the period around and directly following Independence in 1947, the internal situation in the party was chaotic. The party shifted rapidly between left-wing and right-wing positions. In February 1948, at the <a href="/wiki/Second_Party_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Party Congress of the Communist Party of India">2nd Party Congress</a> in Calcutta, <a href="/wiki/B._T._Ranadive" title="B. T. Ranadive">B. T. Ranadive</a> (BTR) was elected General Secretary of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conference adopted the 'Programme of Democratic Revolution'. This programme included the first mention of struggle against <a href="/wiki/Caste" title="Caste">caste</a> injustice in a CPI document.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In several areas the party led armed struggles against a series of local monarchs that were reluctant to give up their power. Such insurgencies took place in <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most important <a href="/wiki/Telangana_Rebellion" title="Telangana Rebellion">rebellion took place in Telangana</a>, against the <a href="/wiki/Nizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam">Nizam</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyderabad state">Hyderabad</a>. The communists built up a people's army and militia and controlled an area with a population of three million. The rebellion was brutally crushed and the party abandoned the policy of armed struggle. BTR was deposed and denounced as a 'left adventurist'. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>, the party became a force to reckon with through the agrarian struggles led by <a href="/wiki/Hijam_Irabot" title="Hijam Irabot">Jananeta Irawat Singh</a>. Singh had joined CPI in 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the 1951 congress of the party, 'People's Democracy' was substituted by 'National Democracy' as the main slogan of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Communist Party was founded in Bihar in 1939. Post independence, communist party achieved success in Bihar (Bihar and Jharkhand). Communist party conducted movements for land reform, trade union movement was at its peak in Bihar in the sixties, seventies and eighties. Achievement of communists in Bihar placed the communist party in the forefront of left movement in India.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bihar produced some of the legendary leaders like Kishan leaders <a href="/wiki/Sahajanand_Saraswati" title="Sahajanand Saraswati">Sahajanand Saraswati</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karyanand_Sharma" title="Karyanand Sharma">Karyanand Sharma</a>, intellectual giants like <a href="/wiki/Jagannath_Sarkar_(CPI_politician)" title="Jagannath Sarkar (CPI politician)">Jagannath Sarkar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yogendra_Sharma" title="Yogendra Sharma">Yogendra Sharma</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indradeep_Sinha" title="Indradeep Sinha">Indradeep Sinha</a>, mass leaders like <a href="/wiki/Chandrasekhar_Singh" title="Chandrasekhar Singh">Chandrasekhar Singh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sunil_Mukherjee" title="Sunil Mukherjee">Sunil Mukherjee</a>, Trade Union leaders like Kedar Das and others.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Mithila region of Bihar <a href="/wiki/Bhogendra_Jha" title="Bhogendra Jha">Bhogendra Jha</a> led the fight against the Mahants and Zamindars. He later went on the win Parliamentary elections and was MP for seven terms.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 1950s, young communist leadership was uniting textile workers, bank employees and unorganised sector workers to ensure mass support in north India. National leaders like <a href="/wiki/S._A._Dange" class="mw-redirect" title="S. A. Dange">S. A. Dange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chandra_Rajeswara_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandra Rajeswara Rao">Chandra Rajeswara Rao</a>, and <a href="/wiki/P._K._Vasudevan_Nair" title="P. K. Vasudevan Nair">P. K. Vasudevan Nair</a> were encouraging them and supporting the idea despite their differences on the execution. Firebrand Communist leaders like <a href="/wiki/Homi_F._Daji" title="Homi F. Daji">Homi F. Daji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guru_Radha_Kishan" title="Guru Radha Kishan">Guru Radha Kishan</a>, H. L. Parwana, <a href="/wiki/Sarjoo_Pandey" title="Sarjoo Pandey">Sarjoo Pandey</a>, Darshan Singh Canadian and Avtaar Singh Malhotra were emerging between the masses and the working class in particular.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first leadership of communists that was very close to the masses and people consider them champions of the cause of the workers and the poor. </p><p>In 1952, CPI became the first leading opposition party in the <a href="/wiki/1951%E2%80%9352_Indian_general_election" title="1951–52 Indian general election">1st Lok Sabha</a>, while the Indian National Congress was in power.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/1952_Travancore-Cochin_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="1952 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election">1952 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly election</a>, the Communist Party was banned, so it couldn't take part in the election process.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the general elections in 1957, the CPI emerged as the largest opposition party. In 1957, the CPI won the state elections in Kerala. This was the first time that an opposition party won control over an Indian state. E. M. S. Namboodiripad became Chief Minister. At the 1957 international meeting of Communist parties in Moscow, the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> directed criticism at the CPI for having formed a ministry in Kerala.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli" title="Annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli">Liberation of Dadra-Nagar Haveli</a></i>: The Communist Party of India, along with its units in Bombay, Maharashtra, and Gujarat, decided to start armed operations in the area in the July 1954. Both the areas were liberated by the beginning of August. Communist leaders like Narayan Palekar, Parulekar, Vaz, Rodriguez, Cunha, and others emerged as the famous Communist leaders of this movement. Thereafter, the struggle to liberate <a href="/wiki/Daman_and_Diu" title="Daman and Diu">Daman and Diu</a> was begun by the Communist Party in Gujarat and other forces.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Goa_liberation_movement" title="Goa liberation movement">Goa Satyagraha</a></i>: The countrywide Goa satyagraha of 1955–1956 is among the unforgettable pages in the history of freedom struggle, in which the communists played a major and memorable role. The CPI decided to send batches of satyahrahis since the middle of 1955 to the borders of Goa and even inside. Many were killed, many more others arrested and sent to jails inside Goa and inhumanly treated. Many others were even sent to jails in Portugal and were brutally tortured. The satyagraha was led and conducted by a joint committee known as Goa Vimochan Sahayak Samiti. S. A. Dange, Senapati Bapat, S. G. Sardesai, Nana Patil and several others were among the prominent leaders of the Samiti. Satyagraha began on 10 May 1955, and soon became a countrywide movement.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ideological differences led to the <a href="/wiki/1964_split_in_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="1964 split in the Communist Party of India">split in the party in 1964</a> when two different party conferences were held, one of CPI and one of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the period between 1970 and 1977, the CPI was allied with the Congress party. In Kerala, they formed a government together with Congress as part of a coalition known as the <a href="/wiki/United_Front_(1970%E2%80%931979,_Kerala)" title="United Front (1970–1979, Kerala)">United Front</a>, with the CPI-leader <a href="/wiki/C._Achutha_Menon" title="C. Achutha Menon">C. Achutha Menon</a> as Chief Minister. This government continued governing throughout the emergency period and was responsible for the many acts of repression throughout the period carried out against political opponents in the guise of fighting naxals, manifesting most infamously in the <a href="/wiki/Rajan_case" title="Rajan case">Rajan case</a>. The United Front government also used this opportunity to pursue class struggle by punishing those from the managerial classes, money lenders, bosses with anti-labour stances, ration shopkeepers and truckers engaged in black marketing, under stringent provisions of <a href="/wiki/Maintenance_of_Internal_Security_Act" title="Maintenance of Internal Security Act">MISA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Defence_of_India_act_and_Defence_of_India_rules,_1962" title="Defence of India act and Defence of India rules, 1962">DIR</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1980s, the CPI opposed the <a href="/wiki/Khalistan_movement" title="Khalistan movement">Khalistan movement</a> at Punjab.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, the CPI's leader in Punjab and MLA in the Punjabi legislature <a href="/wiki/Darshan_Singh_Canadian" title="Darshan Singh Canadian">Darshan Singh Canadian</a> was assassinated by Sikh extremists. Altogether about 200 communist leaders out of which most were Sikhs were killed by Sikh extremists in Punjab.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Present_situation">Present situation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Present situation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Communist_CM%27s_in_India.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Communist_CM%27s_in_India.png/350px-Communist_CM%27s_in_India.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="412" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Communist_CM%27s_in_India.png/525px-Communist_CM%27s_in_India.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Communist_CM%27s_in_India.png/700px-Communist_CM%27s_in_India.png 2x" data-file-width="3816" data-file-height="4496" /></a><figcaption> <b>Left parties' regional control</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#4D004B; color:white;"> </span> State/s which has/had chief ministers from both the <a href="/wiki/CPI(M)" class="mw-redirect" title="CPI(M)">CPI(M)</a> and the CPI.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#B30000; color:white;"> </span> State/s which had a chief ministers from the <a href="/wiki/CPI(M)" class="mw-redirect" title="CPI(M)">CPI(M)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#F781BF; color:black;"> </span> States which have Governments of coalition of parties including Left parties like <a href="/wiki/CPI(M)" class="mw-redirect" title="CPI(M)">CPI(M)</a>, CPI, <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Liberation" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation">CPI(ML)L</a> and <a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">AIFB</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#969696; color:black;"> </span>  States which did not have/had a chief minister from the <a href="/wiki/CPI(M)" class="mw-redirect" title="CPI(M)">CPI(M)</a> or the CPI.</div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cpipkvtvnd_(87).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Cpipkvtvnd_%2887%29.JPG/220px-Cpipkvtvnd_%2887%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Cpipkvtvnd_%2887%29.JPG/330px-Cpipkvtvnd_%2887%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Cpipkvtvnd_%2887%29.JPG/440px-Cpipkvtvnd_%2887%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Mural in <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The CPI was recognised by the <a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a> as a 'National Party'. Until 2022, CPI happened to be the only national political party from India to have contested all the general elections using the same <a href="/wiki/Electoral_symbol" title="Electoral symbol">electoral symbol</a>. Owing to a massive defeat in <a href="/wiki/2019_Indian_general_election" title="2019 Indian general election">2019 Indian general election</a> where the party saw its tally reduced to two MPs, the Election Commission of India sent a letter to CPI asking for reasons why its national party status should not be revoked.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to repeated poor performances in elections, the Election Commission of India withdrew its national party status on 10 April 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the national level, they supported the Indian National Congress-led <a href="/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliance" title="United Progressive Alliance">United Progressive Alliance</a> government along with other parliamentary Left parties, but without taking part in it. Upon attaining power in May 2004, the United Progressive Alliance formulated a programme of action known as the <a href="/wiki/Common_Minimum_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Minimum Programme">Common Minimum Programme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Left bases its support to the UPA on strict adherence to it. Provisions of the CMP mentioned to discontinue <a href="/wiki/Disinvestment" title="Disinvestment">disinvestment</a>, massive social sector outlays and an independent foreign policy. </p><p>On 8 July 2008, the General Secretary of the CPI(M), <a href="/wiki/Prakash_Karat" title="Prakash Karat">Prakash Karat</a>, announced that the Left was withdrawing its support over the decision by the government to go ahead with the <a href="/wiki/United_States-India_Peaceful_Atomic_Energy_Cooperation_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="United States-India Peaceful Atomic Energy Cooperation Act">United States-India Peaceful Atomic Energy Cooperation Act</a>. The Left parties combination had been a staunch advocate of not proceeding with this deal citing national interests.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, the CPI participates in the <a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(West_Bengal)" title="Left Front (West Bengal)">Left Front</a>. It also participated in the state government in Manipur. In Kerala, the party is part of <a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)" class="mw-redirect" title="Left Democratic Front (Kerala)">Left Democratic Front</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a> the party is a partner of the <a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(Tripura)" title="Left Front (Tripura)">Left Front</a>, which governed the state until 2018. In <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> it is part of the <a href="/wiki/Secular_Progressive_Alliance" title="Secular Progressive Alliance">Secular Progressive Alliance</a> and in Bihar it is the part of <a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Bihar)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)">Mahagathbandhan</a>. It is involved in the <a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front_in_Maharashtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Left Democratic Front in Maharashtra">Left Democratic Front in Maharashtra</a>. In February 2022, CPI and Congress formed an alliance in Manipur named <a href="/wiki/Manipur_Progressive_Secular_Alliance" title="Manipur Progressive Secular Alliance">Manipur Progressive Secular Alliance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current general secretary of CPI is <a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presence_in_states">Presence in states</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Presence in states"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2020, the CPI is a part of the state government in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pinarayi_Vijayan" title="Pinarayi Vijayan">Pinarayi Vijayan</a> is Chief Minister of Kerala.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CPI have four Cabinet Ministers in Kerala. In <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly">Tamil Nadu</a>, it is in power with <a href="/wiki/Secular_Progressive_Alliance" title="Secular Progressive Alliance">SPA</a> coalition led by <a href="/wiki/M._K._Stalin" title="M. K. Stalin">M. K. Stalin</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Left_Front_(West_Bengal)" title="Left Front (West Bengal)">Left Front</a> governed <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> for 34 years (1977–2011) and <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a> for 25 years (1993–2018) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_Governments">State Governments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: State Governments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">S.No </th> <th rowspan="2">State/ </th> <th rowspan="2">Govt Since </th> <th colspan="6">Chief Minister </th> <th rowspan="2">Alliance </th> <th rowspan="2">Coalition Seats in Assembly </th> <th rowspan="2">Last election </th></tr> <tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>Since </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">1 </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly" title="Kerala Legislative Assembly">Kerala</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">26 May 2016 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinarayi.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pinarayi.JPG/119px-Pinarayi.JPG" decoding="async" width="119" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pinarayi.JPG/178px-Pinarayi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pinarayi.JPG/237px-Pinarayi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="848" data-file-height="1072" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Pinarayi_Vijayan" title="Pinarayi Vijayan">Pinarayi Vijayan</a> </td> <td bgcolor="#cc0d0d"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">CPI(M)</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">62 </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Kerala" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Ministers of Kerala">26 May 2016</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front" title="Left Democratic Front">Left Democratic Front</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly" title="Kerala Legislative Assembly"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">97 / 140</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #EE0000; width: 69%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/2021_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election">6 April 2021</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">2 </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly">Tamil Nadu</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">7 May 2021 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hon_CM_Photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hon_CM_Photo.jpg/120px-Hon_CM_Photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hon_CM_Photo.jpg/180px-Hon_CM_Photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hon_CM_Photo.jpg/240px-Hon_CM_Photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="4250" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/M._K._Stalin" title="M. K. Stalin">M. K. Stalin</a> </td> <td bgcolor="#FF0D0D"> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">DMK</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">133 </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Tamil_Nadu" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu">7 May 2021</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Secular_Progressive_Alliance" title="Secular Progressive Alliance">Secular Progressive Alliance</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">159 / 234</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF0D0D; width: 68%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/2021_Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election">6 April 2021</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> </td> <td>7 December 2023 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Revanth_Reddy.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Revanth_Reddy.png/150px-Revanth_Reddy.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Revanth_Reddy.png/225px-Revanth_Reddy.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Revanth_Reddy.png/300px-Revanth_Reddy.png 2x" data-file-width="763" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Revanth_Reddy" title="Revanth Reddy">Revanth Reddy</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #00BFFF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC</a> </td> <td>65 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Telangana_Legislative_Assembly" title="Telangana Legislative Assembly">7 December 2023</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC</a>+ </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">76 / 119</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #00BFFF; width: 64%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Telangana" title="Elections in Telangana">30 November 2023</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Seats won by CPI in <a href="/wiki/State_legislative_assemblies_of_India" title="State legislative assemblies of India">state legislative assemblies</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>State legislative assembly </th> <th>Last election </th> <th>Contested<br />seats </th> <th>Seats won </th> <th colspan="2">Alliance </th> <th>Result </th> <th><abbr title="Reference(s)">Ref.</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2020_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2020</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 243</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background:green;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Bihar)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)">Mahagathbandhan</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly" title="Kerala Legislative Assembly">Kerala Legislative Assembly</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2021_Kerala_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election">2021</a> </td> <td>23 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 140</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background-color: #EE0000;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)" class="mw-redirect" title="Left Democratic Front (Kerala)">Left Democratic Front</a> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">in government </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly">Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2021_Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election">2021</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 234</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background:#0093af;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Secular_Progressive_Alliance" title="Secular Progressive Alliance">Secular Progressive Alliance</a> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">in Government </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Telangana_Legislative_Assembly" title="Telangana Legislative Assembly">Telangana Legislative Assembly</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Telangana" title="Elections in Telangana">2023</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 119</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0.8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background-color: #00BFFF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC+</a> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">in Government </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Seats won by CPI in <a href="/wiki/State_legislative_councils_of_India" title="State legislative councils of India">state legislative councils</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>State legislative assembly </th> <th>Last election </th> <th>Contested<br />seats </th> <th>Seats won </th> <th colspan="2">Alliance </th> <th>Result </th> <th><abbr title="Reference(s)">Ref.</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Council" title="Bihar Legislative Council">Bihar Legislative Council</a> </td> <td>2020 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 75</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="background:green;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Bihar)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)">Mahagathbandhan</a> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">in government </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_members_of_parliament">List of members of parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: List of members of parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_Rajya_Sabha_(Upper_House)_members"><span id="List_of_Rajya_Sabha_.28Upper_House.29_members"></span>List of Rajya Sabha (Upper House) members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: List of Rajya Sabha (Upper House) members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Rajya_Sabha_members" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Rajya Sabha members">List of Rajya Sabha members</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:25%; background:#f00; color:white;">No. </th> <th style="width:25%; background:#f00; color:white;">Name </th> <th style="width:25%; background:#f00; color:white;">State </th> <th style="width:25%; background:#f00; color:white;">Date of appointment </th> <th style="width:25%; background:#f00; color:white;">Date of retirement </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/P._P._Suneer" title="P. P. Suneer">P. P. Suneer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002024-07-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2 July 2024</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002030-07-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1 July 2030</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/P._Sandosh_Kumar" class="mw-redirect" title="P. Sandosh Kumar">P. Sandosh Kumar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002022-04-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">4 April 2022</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002028-04-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">3 April 2028</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_Lok_Sabha_(Lower_House)_members"><span id="List_of_Lok_Sabha_.28Lower_House.29_members"></span>List of Lok Sabha (Lower House) members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: List of Lok Sabha (Lower House) members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_18th_Lok_Sabha" title="List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha">List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:45%; background:#f00; color:white;">No. </th> <th style="width:45%; background:#f00; color:white;">Name </th> <th style="width:45%; background:#f00; color:white;">Constituency </th> <th style="width:45%; background:#f00; color:white;">State </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/K._Subbarayan" title="K. Subbarayan">K. Subbarayan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tiruppur_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruppur (Lok Sabha constituency)">Tiruppur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Selvaraj_V" title="Selvaraj V">Selvaraj V</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagapattinam_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagapattinam (Lok Sabha constituency)">Nagapattinam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 24th Party Congress of Communist Party of India was held from 14 to 18 October 2022 in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh.<sup id="cite_ref-Leadership_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leadership-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_Secretary">General Secretary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: General Secretary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Secretariat">National Secretariat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: National Secretariat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarjeet_Kaur" title="Amarjeet Kaur">Amarjeet Kaur</a></li> <li>K. Narayana</li> <li>Bhalchandra Kango</li> <li>Pallab Sen Gupta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binoy_Viswam" title="Binoy Viswam">Binoy Viswam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Azeez_Pasha" title="Syed Azeez Pasha">Syed Azeez Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagendra_Nath_Ojha" title="Nagendra Nath Ojha">Nagendra Nath Ojha</a></li> <li>Rama Krushna Panda</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Raja" title="Annie Raja">Annie Raja</a><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Girish Chandra Sharma<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_General_secretaries_and_Chairmen_of_CPI">List of General secretaries and Chairmen of CPI</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: List of General secretaries and Chairmen of CPI"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Article XXXII of the party constitution says: </p> <blockquote><p>"The tenure of the General Secretary and Deputy General Secretary, if any, and State Secretaries is limited to two consecutive terms—a term being of not less than two years. In exceptional cases, the unit concerned may decide by three-fourth majority through secret ballot to allow two more terms. In case such a motion is adopted that comrade also can contest in the election along with other candidates. As regards the tenure of the office-bearers at district and lower levels, the state councils will frame rules where necessary."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>General secretaries and Chairmen<sup id="cite_ref-20th_Party_Congress,_Hyderabad_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20th_Party_Congress,_Hyderabad-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Number</th> <th>Photo</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Tenure </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>1st</b></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sachchidanand_Vishnu_Ghate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate">Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate</a></td> <td>1925–1933 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2nd</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gangadhar_Adhikary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gangadhar_Adhikary.jpg/75px-Gangadhar_Adhikary.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gangadhar_Adhikary.jpg/113px-Gangadhar_Adhikary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gangadhar_Adhikary.jpg/150px-Gangadhar_Adhikary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1596" data-file-height="2158" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gangadhar_Adhikari" title="Gangadhar Adhikari">Gangadhar Adhikari</a></td> <td>1933–1935 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>3rd</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PC_Joshi_1937.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/PC_Joshi_1937.jpg/75px-PC_Joshi_1937.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/PC_Joshi_1937.jpg/113px-PC_Joshi_1937.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/PC_Joshi_1937.jpg/150px-PC_Joshi_1937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="1229" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Puran_Chand_Joshi" title="Puran Chand Joshi">Puran Chand Joshi</a></td> <td>1936–1948 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>4th</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:B.T.Ranadive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/B.T.Ranadive.jpg/75px-B.T.Ranadive.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/B.T.Ranadive.jpg/113px-B.T.Ranadive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/B.T.Ranadive.jpg/150px-B.T.Ranadive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2218" data-file-height="2791" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/B._T._Ranadive" title="B. T. Ranadive">B. T. Ranadive</a></td> <td>1948–1950 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>5th</b></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Rajeswara_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandra Rajeswara Rao">Chandra Rajeswara Rao</a></td> <td>1950–1951 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>6th</b></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ajoy_Ghosh" title="Ajoy Ghosh">Ajoy Ghosh</a></td> <td>1951–1962 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Chairman</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:S.A._Dange.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/S.A._Dange.jpg/75px-S.A._Dange.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/S.A._Dange.jpg/113px-S.A._Dange.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/S.A._Dange.jpg/150px-S.A._Dange.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="792" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shripad_Amrit_Dange" title="Shripad Amrit Dange">Shripad Amrit Dange</a></td> <td>1962–1981 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>7th</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg/75px-E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg/113px-E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg/150px-E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1266" data-file-height="1680" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a></td> <td>1962–1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>(-)</b></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Rajeswara_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandra Rajeswara Rao">Chandra Rajeswara Rao</a></td> <td>1964–1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>8th</b></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indrajit_Gupta" title="Indrajit Gupta">Indrajit Gupta</a></td> <td>1990–1996 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>9th</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bardan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bardan.JPG/75px-Bardan.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bardan.JPG/113px-Bardan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bardan.JPG/150px-Bardan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ardhendu_Bhushan_Bardhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan">Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan</a></td> <td>1996–2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>10th</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SUDAKAR_REDDY_DSC_0686.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/SUDAKAR_REDDY_DSC_0686.JPG/75px-SUDAKAR_REDDY_DSC_0686.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/SUDAKAR_REDDY_DSC_0686.JPG/113px-SUDAKAR_REDDY_DSC_0686.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/SUDAKAR_REDDY_DSC_0686.JPG/150px-SUDAKAR_REDDY_DSC_0686.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="3216" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suravaram_Sudhakar_Reddy" title="Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy">Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy</a></td> <td>2012–2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>11th</b></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D.Raja_M.P.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/D.Raja_M.P.JPG/75px-D.Raja_M.P.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/D.Raja_M.P.JPG/113px-D.Raja_M.P.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/D.Raja_M.P.JPG/150px-D.Raja_M.P.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1169" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a></td> <td>2019–<i>Incumbent</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Party_Congress">Party Congress</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Party Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Party Congress <sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20th_Party_Congress,_Hyderabad_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20th_Party_Congress,_Hyderabad-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Party Congress</th> <th>Year</th> <th>Place </th></tr> <tr> <td>Founding Conference</td> <td>1925 December 25 – 28</td> <td>Cawnpore </td></tr> <tr> <td>1st</td> <td>1943 May 23–1 June</td> <td>Bombay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India">2nd</a></td> <td>1948 February 28–6 March</td> <td>Calcutta </td></tr> <tr> <td>3rd</td> <td>1953 December 27 – 1954 January 4</td> <td>Madurai </td></tr> <tr> <td>4th</td> <td>1956 April 19 – 29</td> <td>Palghat </td></tr> <tr> <td>5th</td> <td>1958 April 6 – 13</td> <td>Amritsar </td></tr> <tr> <td>6th</td> <td>1961 April 7 – 16</td> <td>Vijayawada </td></tr> <tr> <td>7th</td> <td>1964 December 13 – 23</td> <td>Bombay </td></tr> <tr> <td>8th</td> <td>1968 February 7 – 15</td> <td>Patna </td></tr> <tr> <td>9th</td> <td>1971 October 3 – 10</td> <td>Cochin </td></tr> <tr> <td>10th</td> <td>1975 January 27–2 February</td> <td>Vijayawada </td></tr> <tr> <td>11th</td> <td>1978 March 31–7 April</td> <td>Bathinda </td></tr> <tr> <td>12th</td> <td>1982 March 22 – 28</td> <td>Varanasi </td></tr> <tr> <td>13th</td> <td>1986 March 2 – 17</td> <td>Patna </td></tr> <tr> <td>14th</td> <td>1989 March 6 – 12</td> <td>Calcutta </td></tr> <tr> <td>15th</td> <td>1992 April 10 – 16</td> <td>Hyderabad </td></tr> <tr> <td>16th</td> <td>1995 October 7 – 11</td> <td>Delhi </td></tr> <tr> <td>17th</td> <td>1998 September 14 – 19</td> <td>Chennai </td></tr> <tr> <td>18th</td> <td>2002 March 26 – 31</td> <td>Thiruvananthapuram </td></tr> <tr> <td>19th</td> <td>2005 March 29–3 April</td> <td>Chandigarh </td></tr> <tr> <td>20th</td> <td>2008 March 23 – 27</td> <td>Hyderabad </td></tr> <tr> <td>21st</td> <td>2012 March 27 – 31</td> <td>Patna </td></tr> <tr> <td>22nd</td> <td>2015 March 25 – 29</td> <td>Puducherry </td></tr> <tr> <td>23rd</td> <td>2018 April 25 – 29</td> <td>Kollam </td></tr> <tr> <td>24th</td> <td>2022 October 14 – 18</td> <td>Vijayawada </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principal_mass_organisations">Principal mass organisations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Principal mass organisations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trade_Union_Congress" title="All India Trade Union Congress">All India Trade Union Congress</a> (AITUC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Students%27_Federation" title="All India Students' Federation">All India Students' Federation</a> (AISF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Youth_Federation" title="All India Youth Federation">All India Youth Federation</a> (AIYF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Indian_Women" title="National Federation of Indian Women">National Federation of Indian Women</a> (NFIW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha" title="All India Kisan Sabha">All India Kisan Sabha</a> – AIKS (peasants organisation)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Khet_Mazdoor_Union" title="Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union">Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union</a> – BKMU (agricultural workers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_People%27s_Theatre_Association" title="Indian People's Theatre Association">Indian People's Theatre Association</a> – IPTA (cultural wing)</li> <li>All India State Government Employees Confederation (State government employees)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Society_for_Cultural_Co-operation_and_Friendship" title="Indian Society for Cultural Co-operation and Friendship">Indian Society for Cultural Co-operation and Friendship</a> (ISCUF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Peace_and_Solidarity_Organisation" title="All India Peace and Solidarity Organisation">All India Peace and Solidarity Organisation</a> (AIPSO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Writers%27_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Writers' Association">Progressive Writers' Association</a> (PWA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Adivasi_Mahasabha" title="All India Adivasi Mahasabha">All India Adivasi Mahasabha</a> (Tribal Wing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Dalit_Rights_Movement" title="All India Dalit Rights Movement">All India Dalit Rights Movement</a> (AIDRM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Oppressed_People%27s_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil Nadu Oppressed People's Movement">Tamil Nadu Oppressed People's Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Service_Corps" title="People's Service Corps">People's Service Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganamukti_Parishad" title="Ganamukti Parishad">Ganamukti Parishad</a></li></ul> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ganamukti_Parishad" title="Ganamukti Parishad">Ganamukti Parishad</a> is a major mass organisation amongst the <a href="/wiki/Tripuri_people" title="Tripuri people">Tripuri</a> peoples of the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Former_chief_ministers">Former chief ministers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Former chief ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Former chief ministers <sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Photo</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Tenure</th> <th>State </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg/75px-E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg/113px-E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg/150px-E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1266" data-file-height="1680" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a></td> <td>(1957 – 1959) </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:C._Achutha_Menon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/C._Achutha_Menon.jpg/75px-C._Achutha_Menon.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/C._Achutha_Menon.jpg/113px-C._Achutha_Menon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/C._Achutha_Menon.jpg/150px-C._Achutha_Menon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/C._Achutha_Menon" title="C. Achutha Menon">C. Achutha Menon</a></td> <td>(1969 – 1970; 1970 – 1977) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P.K._Vasudevan_Nair.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/P.K._Vasudevan_Nair.jpg/75px-P.K._Vasudevan_Nair.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/P.K._Vasudevan_Nair.jpg/113px-P.K._Vasudevan_Nair.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/P.K._Vasudevan_Nair.jpg/150px-P.K._Vasudevan_Nair.jpg 2x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="419" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/P._K._Vasudevan_Nair" title="P. K. Vasudevan Nair">P. K. Vasudevan Nair</a></td> <td>(1978 – 1979) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_leaders">Notable leaders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notable leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Sattar_Ranjoor" title="Abdul Sattar Ranjoor">Abdul Sattar Ranjoor</a> – Founding state secretary of the CPI in <a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(princely_state)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajoy_Ghosh" title="Ajoy Ghosh">Ajoy Ghosh</a> – Former general secretary of CPI, freedom fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarjeet_Kaur" title="Amarjeet Kaur">Amarjeet Kaur</a> – General Secretary of AITUC and National Secretary of CPI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annabhau_Sathe" title="Annabhau Sathe">Annabhau Sathe</a> – <a href="/wiki/Samyukta_Maharashtra_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Samyukta Maharashtra movement">Samyukta Maharashtra movement</a> leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Raja" title="Annie Raja">Annie Raja</a> – General Secretary of NFIW and National Executive Member of CPI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardhendu_Bhushan_Bardhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan">Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan</a> – Former general secretary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruna_Asaf_Ali" title="Aruna Asaf Ali">Aruna Asaf Ali</a> – Freedom fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binoy_Viswam" title="Binoy Viswam">Binoy Viswam</a> – Former Member of Rajya Sabha, Former minister in the Government of Kerala and current State Secretary of CPI Kerala State Committee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhan_Singh_Bhaura" title="Bhan Singh Bhaura">Bhan Singh Bhaura</a> - Parliamentarian from Punjab and Founder President Khet Mazdoor Sabha</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhargavi_Thankappan" title="Bhargavi Thankappan">Bhargavi Thankappan</a> – Parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupesh_Gupta" title="Bhupesh Gupta">Bhupesh Gupta</a> – Parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Achutha_Menon" title="C. Achutha Menon">C. Achutha Menon</a> – Finance minister in first Kerala ministry Former chief minister of Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Divakaran" title="C. Divakaran">C. Divakaran</a> – Senior leader, former minister and National Council Member from Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Rajeswara_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandra Rajeswara Rao">Chandra Rajeswara Rao</a> – former general secretary, Telangana freedom fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaturanan_Mishra" title="Chaturanan Mishra">Chaturanan Mishra</a> parliamentarian & former Central Minister of India</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittayam_Gopakumar" title="Chittayam Gopakumar">Chittayam Gopakumar</a> – Deputy Speaker of <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly" title="Kerala Legislative Assembly">Kerala Legislative Assembly</a> and State council member</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._K._Chandrappan" title="C. K. Chandrappan">C. K. Chandrappan</a> – Parliamentarian & former Kerala state secretary of the party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._N._Jayadevan" title="C. N. Jayadevan">C. N. Jayadevan</a> – Senior leader, parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanwantri" title="Dhanwantri">Dhanwantri</a> – one of the founder of communist party in Jammu & Kashmir</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darshan_Singh_Canadian" title="Darshan Singh Canadian">Darshan Singh Canadian</a> – Trade Unionist, fight against Khalistan movement</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Pandian" title="D. Pandian">D. Pandian</a> – Parliamentarian & former Tamil Nadu state secretary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a> – parliamentarian & General secretary of the party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Chandrasekharan_Nair" title="E. Chandrasekharan Nair">E. Chandrasekharan Nair</a> – Senior leader and former Minister in the Government of Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geeta_Mukherjee" title="Geeta Mukherjee">Geeta Mukherjee</a> – Parliamentarian & Former Vice President of National Federation of Indian Women</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govind_Pansare" title="Govind Pansare">Govind Pansare</a> – Prominent activist and lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurudas_Dasgupta" title="Gurudas Dasgupta">Gurudas Dasgupta</a> – Parliamentarian & Former General Secretary of the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) and Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajrah_Begum" title="Hajrah Begum">Hajrah Begum</a> – former general secretary of NFIW</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasrat_Mohani" title="Hasrat Mohani">Hasrat Mohani</a> – founding member</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijam_Irabot" title="Hijam Irabot">Hijam Irabot</a> – Founder leader of CPI in Manipur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirendranath_Mukherjee" title="Hirendranath Mukherjee">Hirendranath Mukherjee</a>-Parliamentarian & He was awarded Padma Bhushan in 1990 and Padma Vibhushan in 1991 by the President of India for his lifelong services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ila_Mitra" title="Ila Mitra">Ila Mitra</a> – Peasant Movement Leader from West Bengal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrajit_Gupta" title="Indrajit Gupta">Indrajit Gupta</a> – Parliamentarian, former general secretary and a former central minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath_Sarkar_(CPI_politician)" title="Jagannath Sarkar (CPI politician)">Jagannath Sarkar</a> – former National Secretary, freedom fighter, builder of communist movement in Bihar and Jharkhand</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junu_Das" class="mw-redirect" title="Junu Das">Junu Das</a> – Prominent leader of CPI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpana_Datta" title="Kalpana Datta">Kalpana Datta</a> – freedom fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyan_Roy" title="Kalyan Roy">Kalyan Roy</a> – Parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanam_Rajendran" title="Kanam Rajendran">Kanam Rajendran</a> – Former Kerala state secretary of the party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K.N._Joglekar" class="mw-redirect" title="K.N. Joglekar">K.N. Joglekar</a> – founding member of CPI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunwar_Mohammad_Ashraf" title="Kunwar Mohammad Ashraf">Kunwar Mohammad Ashraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghraj_Tawar" title="Meghraj Tawar">Meghraj Tawar</a> – Former Rajasthan MLA and leader of the CPI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Kalyanasundaram" title="M. Kalyanasundaram">M. Kalyanasundaram</a> – Parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Govindan_Nair" title="M. N. Govindan Nair">M. N. Govindan Nair</a> – Kerala state secretary during the first communist ministry and a freedom fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohit_Banerji" title="Mohit Banerji">Mohit Banerji</a> – Prominent Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nallakannu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nallakannu">Nallakannu</a> – former Tamil Nadu state secretary of the party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._E._Balaram" title="N. E. Balaram">N. E. Balaram</a> – Founding leader of the <a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_India" title="Socialism in India">communist movement</a> in Kerala, India</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannyan_Raveendran" class="mw-redirect" title="Pannyan Raveendran">Pannyan Raveendran</a> – Former Kerala state secretary of the party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvathi_Krishnan" title="Parvathi Krishnan">Parvathi Krishnan</a> – Parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Krishna_Pillai" title="P. Krishna Pillai">P. Krishna Pillai</a> – Founder and First secretary of CPI in Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._K._Vasudevan_Nair" title="P. K. Vasudevan Nair">P. K. Vasudevan Nair</a> – Former Chief minister of Kerala, Former AISF general secretary, Former AIYF general secretary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puran_Chand_Joshi" title="Puran Chand Joshi">Puran Chand Joshi</a> – first general secretary of the Communist Party of India</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._S._Sreenivasan" title="P. S. Sreenivasan">P. S. Sreenivasan</a> – Former Minister of Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajaji_Mathew_Thomas" title="Rajaji Mathew Thomas">Rajaji Mathew Thomas</a> – Journalist, former MLA and CPI National council Member, from Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramendra_Kumar" title="Ramendra Kumar">Ramendra Kumar</a> – Former Parliamentarian, national executive member, national president AITUC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosamma_Punnoose" title="Rosamma Punnoose">Rosamma Punnoose</a> – Freedom Fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R.Sugathan" class="mw-redirect" title="R.Sugathan">R.Sugathan</a> – Prominent trade unionist, mass leader and member of Kerala Legislative assembly</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachchidanand_Vishnu_Ghate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate">Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate</a> – First general secretary of CPI, freedom fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satypal_Dang" class="mw-redirect" title="Satypal Dang">Satypal Dang</a>- He was a legislator of Punjab State Legislative Assembly, representing the Communist Party of India for four terms and a Minister of Food and Civil Supplies in the United Front ministry led by Justice Gurnam Singh and Padma Bhushan Awardee.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._S._Mirajkar" title="S. S. Mirajkar">S. S. Mirajkar</a> – Trade Unionist, Freedom fighter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhasini_Chattopadhyay" title="Suhasini Chattopadhyay">Suhasini Chattopadhyay</a> – founding member of CPI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suravaram_Sudhakar_Reddy" title="Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy">Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy</a> – former general secretary of the party & parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shripad_Amrit_Dange" title="Shripad Amrit Dange">Shripad Amrit Dange</a> – Freedom fighter & former chairman of the party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoppil_Bhasi" title="Thoppil Bhasi">Thoppil Bhasi</a> – Writer, film director & parliamentarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._V._Thomas" title="T. V. Thomas">T. V. Thomas</a> – Minister in first Kerala ministry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliyam_Bharghavan" title="Veliyam Bharghavan">Veliyam Bharghavan</a> – Parliamentarian & Former Kerala state secretary of the party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidya_Munshi" title="Vidya Munshi">Vidya Munshi</a> – Journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimla_Dang" title="Vimla Dang">Vimla Dang</a> – leader of CPI</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Sunil_Kumar" title="V. S. Sunil Kumar">V. S. Sunil Kumar</a> – Former Agriculture Minister in Kerala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._V._Raghavan" title="V. V. Raghavan">V. V. Raghavan</a> -CPI Central Secretariat Member, two-time Loksabha Member from <a href="/wiki/Thrissur" title="Thrissur">Thrissur</a> Kerala, <a href="/wiki/Rajya_sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajya sabha">Rajya sabha</a> Member, Former <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture minister">Agriculture minister</a> of Kerala</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_election_results">General election results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: General election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Performance of Communist Party of India in Lok Sabha elections </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> <p><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> </p> </th> <th style="width:25%; background:#f00; color:white;">Year </th> <th style="width:15%; background:#f00; color:white;">Total Lok Sabha constituencies </th> <th style="width:15%; background:#f00; color:white;">Seats won / contested </th> <th style="width:15%; background:#f00; color:white;">Change in seats </th> <th style="width:15%; background:#f00; color:white;">Total votes </th> <th style="width:15%; background:#f00; color:white;">Percentage of votes </th> <th style="width:15%; background:#f00; color:white;">Change in vote % </th> <th style="width:15%; background:#f00; color:white;" class="unsortable"><abbr title="Reference(s)">Ref.</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/1st_Lok_Sabha" title="1st Lok Sabha">First</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1951%E2%80%9352_Indian_general_election" title="1951–52 Indian general election">1951−52</a></td> <td>489</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16 / 49</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><i>New</i></td> <td>3,487,401</td> <td>3.29%</td> <td><i>New</i> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1951_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1951-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/2nd_Lok_Sabha" title="2nd Lok Sabha">Second</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1957_Indian_general_election" title="1957 Indian general election">1957</a></td> <td>494</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">27 / 109</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 25%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 11</td> <td>10,754,075</td> <td>8.92%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.63% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1957_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1957-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/3rd_Lok_Sabha" title="3rd Lok Sabha">Third</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1962_Indian_general_election" title="1962 Indian general election">1962</a></td> <td>494</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">29 / 137</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 21%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</td> <td>11,450,037</td> <td>9.94%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.02% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1962_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1962-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/4th_Lok_Sabha" title="4th Lok Sabha">Fourth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1967_Indian_general_election" title="1967 Indian general election">1967</a></td> <td>520</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">23 / 109</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 21%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6</td> <td>7,458,396</td> <td>5.11%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4.83% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1967_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1967-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/5th_Lok_Sabha" title="5th Lok Sabha">Fifth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1971_Indian_general_election" title="1971 Indian general election">1971</a></td> <td>518</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">23 / 87</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 26%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td>6,933,627</td> <td>4.73%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.38% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1971_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1971-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/6th_Lok_Sabha" title="6th Lok Sabha">Sixth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1977_Indian_general_election" title="1977 Indian general election">1977</a></td> <td>542</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">7 / 91</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 16</td> <td>5,322,088</td> <td>2.82%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.91% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1977_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1977-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/7th_Lok_Sabha" title="7th Lok Sabha">Seventh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1980_Indian_general_election" title="1980 Indian general election">1980</a></td> <td>529 ( 542<sup>*</sup> )</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 47</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 21%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</td> <td>4,927,342</td> <td>2.49%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.33% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1980_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1980-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/8th_Lok_Sabha" title="8th Lok Sabha">Eighth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1984_Indian_general_election" title="1984 Indian general election">1984</a></td> <td>541</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 66</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4</td> <td>6,733,117</td> <td>2.70%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.21% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1984_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1984-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1985_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1985-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/9th_Lok_Sabha" title="9th Lok Sabha">Ninth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1989_Indian_general_election" title="1989 Indian general election">1989</a></td> <td>529</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 50</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 24%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6</td> <td>7,734,697</td> <td>2.57%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.13% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1989_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1989-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/10th_Lok_Sabha" title="10th Lok Sabha">Tenth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1991_Indian_general_election" title="1991 Indian general election">1991</a></td> <td>534</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 43</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</td> <td>6,898,340</td> <td>2.48%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.09% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1991_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1991-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1992_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1992-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/11th_Lok_Sabha" title="11th Lok Sabha">Eleventh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1996_Indian_general_election" title="1996 Indian general election">1996</a></td> <td>543</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 43</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</td> <td>6,582,263</td> <td>1.97%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.51% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1996_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1996-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/12th_Lok_Sabha" title="12th Lok Sabha">Twelfth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1998_Indian_general_election" title="1998 Indian general election">1998</a></td> <td>543</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">09 / 58</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 16%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</td> <td>6,429,569</td> <td>1.75%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.22% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1998_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1998-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/13th_Lok_Sabha" title="13th Lok Sabha">Thirteenth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1999_Indian_general_election" title="1999 Indian general election">1999</a></td> <td>543</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">04 / 54</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5</td> <td>5,395,119</td> <td>1.48%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.27% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI1999_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI1999-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/14th_Lok_Sabha" title="14th Lok Sabha">Fourteenth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_general_election" title="2004 Indian general election">2004</a></td> <td>543</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6</td> <td>5,484,111</td> <td>1.41%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.07% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI2004_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI2004-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/15th_Lok_Sabha" title="15th Lok Sabha">Fifteenth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2009_Indian_general_election" title="2009 Indian general election">2009</a></td> <td>543</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">04 / 56</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6</td> <td>5,951,888</td> <td>1.43%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.02% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI2009_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI2009-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/16th_Lok_Sabha" title="16th Lok Sabha">Sixteenth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2014_Indian_general_election" title="2014 Indian general election">2014</a></td> <td>543</td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 67</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 1%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3</td> <td>4,327,298</td> <td>0.78%</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.65% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-ECI2014_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI2014-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_Lok_Sabha" title="17th Lok Sabha">Seventeenth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2019_Indian_general_election" title="2019 Indian general election">2019</a> </td> <td>543 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 49</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td>3,576,184 </td> <td>0.58% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><br />0.20% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-auto3_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/18th_Lok_Sabha" title="18th Lok Sabha">Eighteenth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2024_Indian_general_election" title="2024 Indian general election">2024</a> </td> <td>543 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>3,132,683 </td> <td>0.49% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><br />0.09% </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup>*</sup> : 12 seats in Assam and 1 in Meghalaya did not vote. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>State</th> <th>No. of candidates 2019</th> <th>No. of elected 2019</th> <th>No. of candidates 2014</th> <th>No. of elected 2014</th> <th>No. of candidates 2009</th> <th>No. of elected 2009</th> <th>Total no. of seats in the state </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>(25)(2014)/42(2009) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bihar (India)">Bihar</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>7</td> <td>0</td> <td>40 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(state)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (state)">Jammu and Kashmir</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>28 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></td> <td>4</td> <td>0</td> <td>4</td> <td>1</td> <td>4</td> <td>0</td> <td>20 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a></td> <td>4</td> <td>0</td> <td>5</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>4</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>48 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagaland" title="Nagaland">Nagaland</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>4</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td>21 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>5</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>25 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>2</td> <td>8</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>1</td> <td>39 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>17 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></td> <td>12</td> <td>0</td> <td>8</td> <td>0</td> <td>9</td> <td>0</td> <td>80 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td>2</td> <td>42 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8">Union Territories: </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadra and Nagar Haveli">Dadra and Nagar Haveli</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Daman_and_Diu" title="Daman and Diu">Daman and Diu</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Delhi</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a></td> <td>1<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Puducherry</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total:</b></td> <td>50</td> <td>2</td> <td>67</td> <td>1</td> <td>56</td> <td>4</td> <td>543 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup id="cite_ref-auto3_125-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="State_Legislative_assembly_results">State Legislative assembly results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: State Legislative assembly results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">Year </th> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">State </th> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">Total<br />assembly seats </th> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">Seats won /<br />Seats contested </th> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">Change<br />in seats </th> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">Votes </th> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">Vote % </th> <th style="background:#f00; color:white;">Change in<br />vote % </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2023_elections_in_India" title="2023 elections in India">2023</a> </td> <td>Telangana </td> <td>119 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 100%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1 </td> <td>80,336 </td> <td>0.34 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chhattisgarh </td> <td>90 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 3</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>6,594 </td> <td>0.04 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/2022_elections_in_India" title="2022 elections in India">2022</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly" title="Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly">Uttar Pradesh</a> </td> <td>403 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 35</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>64,011 </td> <td>0.07% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.09% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Uttarakhand_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2022 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election">Uttarakhand</a> </td> <td>70 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 4</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>2,325 </td> <td>0.04% </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Manipur_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election">Manipur</a> </td> <td>60 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 2</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>1,032 </td> <td>0.06% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.68% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly" title="Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly">Himachal Pradesh</a> </td> <td>68 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>627 </td> <td>0.01% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.03% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Punjab_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election">Punjab</a> </td> <td>117 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 7</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>7,440 </td> <td>0.05% </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gujarat_Legislative_Assembly" title="Gujarat Legislative Assembly">Gujarat</a> </td> <td>182 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 3</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>2,688 </td> <td>0.01% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/2021_elections_in_India" title="2021 elections in India">2021</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Assam_Legislative_Assembly" title="Assam Legislative Assembly">Assam</a> </td> <td>126 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>27,290 </td> <td>0.84% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.14% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Legislative_Assembly" title="Kerala Legislative Assembly">Kerala</a></b> </td> <td>140 </td> <td><b><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 23</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 74%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></b> </td> <td><b><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</b> </td> <td><b>1,579,235</b> </td> <td><b>7.58%</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <b>0.54%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puducherry_Legislative_Assembly" title="Puducherry Legislative Assembly">Puducherry</a> </td> <td>30 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>7,522 </td> <td>0.90% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly">Tamil Nadu</a></b> </td> <td><b>234</b> </td> <td><b><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 6</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></b> </td> <td><b><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2</b> </td> <td><b>504,537</b> </td> <td><b>1.09%</b> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <b>0.3%</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Legislative_Assembly" title="West Bengal Legislative Assembly">West Bengal</a> </td> <td>294 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 10</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td>118,655 </td> <td>0.20% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.25% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2020_elections_in_India" title="2020 elections in India">2020</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar</a> </td> <td>243 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 6</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td>349,489 </td> <td>0.83% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.57% </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/2019_elections_in_India" title="2019 elections in India">2019</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly" title="Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly">Andhra Pradesh</a> </td> <td>175 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 7</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>34,746 </td> <td>0.11% </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Legislative_Assembly" title="Jharkhand Legislative Assembly">Jharkhand</a> </td> <td>81 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>68,589 </td> <td>0.46% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.43% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra_Legislative_Assembly" title="Maharashtra Legislative Assembly">Maharashtra</a> </td> <td>288 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 16</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>35,188 </td> <td>0.06% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.07% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Legislative_Assembly" title="Odisha Legislative Assembly">Odisha</a> </td> <td>147 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 3</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>29,235 </td> <td>0.12% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/2018_elections_in_India" title="2018 elections in India">2018</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh_Legislative_Assembly" title="Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly">Chhattisgarh</a> </td> <td>90 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 7</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>48,255 </td> <td>0.34% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan_Legislative_Assembly" title="Rajasthan Legislative Assembly">Rajasthan</a> </td> <td>200 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 16</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>42,820 </td> <td>0.12% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.06% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tripura_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tripura Legislative Assembly">Tripura</a> </td> <td>60 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 1</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #f50222; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td>19,352 </td> <td>0.82% </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.85% </td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li>N/A indicates Not Available</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: solid 1px #AAAAAA;background-color:#FFE6E6; color:black;"> </span> indicates in government or in Coalition government </span></li></ul> <p>Results from the Election Commission of India website. 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href="https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/india/2022/10/15/membership-report-cpi-party-conference-2022.html">"സിപിഐ തളർച്ചയിൽ; താങ്ങ് കേരളം, തമിഴ്നാട്; ബംഗാളിലും ത്രിപുരയിലും പടുകുഴിയിൽ"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221025161748/https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/india/2022/10/15/membership-report-cpi-party-conference-2022.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cpi+continue+to+congress+alliance&rft.date=2022-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.twentyfournews.com%2F2022%2F07%2F17%2Fcpi-continue-to-congress-alliance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mishra2021-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mishra2021_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mishra2021_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnil_Kumar_Mishra/_Sudhir_Kumar_Mishra2021" class="citation book cs1">Anil Kumar Mishra/ Sudhir Kumar Mishra (19 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AgybDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA32"><i>Dictionary of Social Sciences</i></a>. Prabhat Prakashan. pp. 32–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789351867661" title="Special:BookSources/9789351867661"><bdi>9789351867661</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230512191113/https://books.google.com/books?id=AgybDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA32">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Social+Sciences&rft.pages=32-&rft.pub=Prabhat+Prakashan&rft.date=2021-01-19&rft.isbn=9789351867661&rft.au=Anil+Kumar+Mishra%2F+Sudhir+Kumar+Mishra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAgybDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CantiPI_1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CantiPI_1_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">* <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewire.in/rights/manipur-arrests-cpi-secretary-caa-protests">"Manipur: CPI State Secretary, Blogger Arrested over CAA Protests"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wire_(India)" title="The Wire (India)">The Wire</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191225152639/https://thewire.in/rights/manipur-arrests-cpi-secretary-caa-protests">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wire&rft.atitle=Manipur%3A+CPI+State+Secretary%2C+Blogger+Arrested+over+CAA+Protests&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthewire.in%2Frights%2Fmanipur-arrests-cpi-secretary-caa-protests&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/05/31/indias-election-results-were-more-than-modi-wave/">"India's election results were more than a 'Modi wave'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190531123638/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/05/31/indias-election-results-were-more-than-modi-wave/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=India%27s+election+results+were+more+than+a+%27Modi+wave%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2F05%2F31%2Findias-election-results-were-more-than-modi-wave%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlaus_Voll,_Doreen_Beierlein2006" class="citation book cs1">Klaus Voll, Doreen Beierlein, ed. (2006). <i>Rising India – Europe's Partner?: Foreign and Security Policy, Politics, Economics, Human Rights and Social Issues, Media, Civil Society and Intercultural Dimensions</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>: Mosaic Books. p. 387. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-899-98098-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-899-98098-1"><bdi>978-3-899-98098-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rising+India+%E2%80%93+Europe%27s+Partner%3F%3A+Foreign+and+Security+Policy%2C+Politics%2C+Economics%2C+Human+Rights+and+Social+Issues%2C+Media%2C+Civil+Society+and+Intercultural+Dimensions&rft.place=University+of+Michigan&rft.pages=387&rft.pub=Mosaic+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-3-899-98098-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/election-commission-withdraws-national-party-status-of-tmc-cpi-2358245-2023-04-10">"NCP, TMC and CPI lose national party status, AAP earns coveted tag Dated 10.04.2023"</a>. India: India Today. 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410142934/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/election-commission-withdraws-national-party-status-of-tmc-cpi-2358245-2023-04-10">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NCP%2C+TMC+and+CPI+lose+national+party+status%2C+AAP+earns+coveted+tag+Dated+10.04.2023&rft.place=India&rft.pub=India+Today&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Findia%2Fstory%2Felection-commission-withdraws-national-party-status-of-tmc-cpi-2358245-2023-04-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/a/communistparty.in/cpi/brief-history-of-cpi">"Brief History of CPI – CPI"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151209001241/https://sites.google.com/a/communistparty.in/cpi/brief-history-of-cpi">Archived</a> from the original on 9 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brief+History+of+CPI+%E2%80%93+CPI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fa%2Fcommunistparty.in%2Fcpi%2Fbrief-history-of-cpi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article9916.html">"Foundation of the Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1925: product of (...) – Mainstream"</a>. <i>www.mainstreamweekly.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210430040336/http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article9916.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mainstreamweekly.net&rft.atitle=Foundation+of+the+Communist+Party+of+India+%28CPI%29+in+1925%3A+product+of+%28...%29+%E2%80%93+Mainstream&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainstreamweekly.net%2Farticle9916.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoorani2012" class="citation web cs1">Noorani, A. G. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Frontline&rft.atitle=Origins+of+Indian+communism&rft.date=2012-05-17&rft.aulast=Noorani&rft.aufirst=A.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffrontline.thehindu.com%2Fthe-nation%2Farticle30165649.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/election-commission-withdraws-national-party-status-of-tmc-cpi-2358245-2023-04-10">"NCP, TMC and CPI lose national party status, AAP earns coveted tag"</a>. <i>India Today</i>. 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Readworthy. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-5018-082-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-93-5018-082-2"><bdi>978-93-5018-082-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Punjab+Politics%3A+Retrospect+and+Prospect&rft.pub=Readworthy&rft.isbn=978-93-5018-082-2&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Bhupinder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drik0EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DChanan%2BSingh%2BDhoot%2Bkilled%26pg%3DPT53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"ਧੂਤ ਦੇ ਕਤਲ ਦੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰੀ ਜਿੰਦਾ ਨੇ ਲਈ-ਪੁਲਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਖਤ ਤਾੜਨਾ". <i>Ajit</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ajit&rft.atitle=%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A4+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87+%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B2+%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE+%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87+%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B8+%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%82%E0%A9%B0+%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A4+%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BSP-CPI-NCP-get-to-retain-national-status-for-now/articleshow/53819419.cms">"BSP, CPI, NCP get to retain national status, for now – Times of India"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170412014828/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BSP-CPI-NCP-get-to-retain-national-status-for-now/articleshow/53819419.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=BSP%2C+CPI%2C+NCP+get+to+retain+national+status%2C+for+now+%E2%80%93+Times+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FBSP-CPI-NCP-get-to-retain-national-status-for-now%2Farticleshow%2F53819419.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/CPM-may-lose-national-party-status/articleshow/52370325.cms">"CPM may lose national party status – Times of India"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180117143649/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/CPM-may-lose-national-party-status/articleshow/52370325.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 17 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=CPM+may+lose+national+party+status+%E2%80%93+Times+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FCPM-may-lose-national-party-status%2Farticleshow%2F52370325.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/bsp-ncp-and-cpi-may-lose-national-party-status/story-QTvg2iWonkSWbtxN57xd5I.html">"BSP, NCP and CPI may lose national party status"</a>. <i>hindustantimes.com/</i>. 11 August 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171116133233/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/bsp-ncp-and-cpi-may-lose-national-party-status/story-QTvg2iWonkSWbtxN57xd5I.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=hindustantimes.com%2F&rft.atitle=BSP%2C+NCP+and+CPI+may+lose+national+party+status&rft.date=2014-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia%2Fbsp-ncp-and-cpi-may-lose-national-party-status%2Fstory-QTvg2iWonkSWbtxN57xd5I.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Reprieve-for-BSP-CPI-as-EC-amends-rules/article14583806.ece">"Reprieve for BSP, CPI as EC amends rules"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. 23 August 2016. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181121195958/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Reprieve-for-BSP-CPI-as-EC-amends-rules/article14583806.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Reprieve+for+BSP%2C+CPI+as+EC+amends+rules&rft.date=2016-08-23&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2FReprieve-for-BSP-CPI-as-EC-amends-rules%2Farticle14583806.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oneindia.com/feature/ec-might-strip-national-party-status-from-bsp-ncp-cpi-1475727.html">"EC might strip national party status from BSP, NCP, CPI"</a>. <i>oneindia.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171116132759/https://www.oneindia.com/feature/ec-might-strip-national-party-status-from-bsp-ncp-cpi-1475727.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=oneindia.com&rft.atitle=EC+might+strip+national+party+status+from+BSP%2C+NCP%2C+CPI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oneindia.com%2Ffeature%2Fec-might-strip-national-party-status-from-bsp-ncp-cpi-1475727.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040606150120/http://www.hindu.com/2004/05/28/stories/2004052807371200.htm">"The Hindu : National : UPA Government to adhere to six basic principles of governance"</a>. <i>www.hindu.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hindu.com&rft.atitle=The+Hindu+%3A+National+%3A+UPA+Government+to+adhere+to+six+basic+principles+of+governance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindu.com%2F2004%2F05%2F28%2Fstories%2F2004052807371200.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050403170505/http://pmindia.nic.in/cmp.htm">"Prime Minister's Office archived by Wayback machine"</a>. 3 April 2005. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+News+Update+Service&rft.date=2008-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindu.com%2Fthehindu%2Fholnus%2F000200807081550.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/elections/manipur-congress-forms-pre-poll-alliance-with-left-wing-political-parties-7744817/">"Manipur: Congress forms pre-poll alliance with Left-wing political parties"</a>. <i>The Indian Express</i>. 28 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220127202313/https://indianexpress.com/elections/manipur-congress-forms-pre-poll-alliance-with-left-wing-political-parties-7744817/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Manipur%3A+Congress+forms+pre-poll+alliance+with+Left-wing+political+parties&rft.date=2022-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Felections%2Fmanipur-congress-forms-pre-poll-alliance-with-left-wing-political-parties-7744817%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/in-run-up-to-manipur-polls-congress-announces-pre-poll-alliance-with-5-parties-101643300217727.html">"In run-up to Manipur polls, Congress announces pre-poll alliance with 5 parties"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 27 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220204001348/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/in-run-up-to-manipur-polls-congress-announces-pre-poll-alliance-with-5-parties-101643300217727.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Andhra+Pradesh%3A+Vijayawada+to+host+CPI+All+India+Congress+from+October+14+to+18&rft.date=2022-08-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fandhra-pradesh%2Fvijayawada-to-host-cpi-all-india-congress-from-october-14-to-18%2Farticle65750782.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPraveen2022" class="citation news cs1">Praveen, S. r. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=CPI+will+formulate+alternative+economic+programmes+at+party+congress%2C+says+D.+Raja&rft.date=2022-10-02&rft.aulast=Praveen&rft.aufirst=S.+r.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fkerala%2Fmallikarjun-kharge-has-advantage-over-shashi-tharoor-due-to-experience-says-d-raja%2Farticle65962079.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stateofkerala.in/niyamasabha/e_m_s_namboodiripad.php">"Kerala Niyamasabha EMS Namboodiripad"</a>. <i>stateofkerala.in</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210512073147/http://www.stateofkerala.in/niyamasabha/e_m_s_namboodiripad.php">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stateofkerala.in&rft.atitle=Kerala+Niyamasabha+EMS+Namboodiripad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stateofkerala.in%2Fniyamasabha%2Fe_m_s_namboodiripad.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/111116/60-years-of-kerala-model-boon-and-bane-of-remittances.html">"60 years of Kerala model: Boon and bane of remittances"</a>. <i>Deccan Chronicle</i>. 11 November 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201029074206/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/111116/60-years-of-kerala-model-boon-and-bane-of-remittances.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deccan+Chronicle&rft.atitle=60+years+of+Kerala+model%3A+Boon+and+bane+of+remittances&rft.date=2016-11-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deccanchronicle.com%2Fnation%2Fin-other-news%2F111116%2F60-years-of-kerala-model-boon-and-bane-of-remittances.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/veteran-cpi-leader-pkv-passes-on/310067">"Veteran CPI leader 'PKV' passes on"</a>. <i>outlookindia.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201027010453/https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/veteran-cpi-leader-pkv-passes-on/310067">Archived</a> from the original on 27 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=outlookindia.com&rft.atitle=Veteran+CPI+leader+%27PKV%27+passes+on&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Fnewswire%2Fstory%2Fveteran-cpi-leader-pkv-passes-on%2F310067&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1951-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1951_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141008191615/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF">"LS Statistical Report : 1951 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 70. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1951+Vol.+1&rft.pages=70&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1951%2FVOL_1_51_LS.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1957-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1957_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1957 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 49. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140404200011/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1957+Vol.+1&rft.pages=49&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1957%2FVol_I_57_LS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1962-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1962_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1962 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 75. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140404203719/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1962+Vol.+1&rft.pages=75&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1962%2FVol_I_LS_62.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1967-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1967_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718185108/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1967 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 78. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1967+Vol.+1&rft.pages=78&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1967%2FVol_I_LS_67.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1971-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1971_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175452/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1971 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 79. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1971+Vol.+1&rft.pages=79&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1971%2FVol_I_LS71.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1977-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1977_112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718185438/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1977 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 89. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1977+Vol.+1&rft.pages=89&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1977%2FVol_I_LS_77.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1980-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1980_113-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175926/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1980 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 86. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1980+Vol.+1&rft.pages=86&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1980%2FVol_I_LS_80.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1984-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1984_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718184911/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1984 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 81. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1984+Vol.+1&rft.pages=81&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1984%2FVol_I_LS_84.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1985-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1985_115-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1985/Vol_I_LS_85.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1985 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015622/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1985/Vol_I_LS_85.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1985+Vol.+1&rft.pages=15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1985%2FVol_I_LS_85.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1989-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1989_116-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1989 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 88. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=LS+Statistical+Report+%3A+1989+Vol.+1&rft.pages=88&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main%2FStatisticalReports%2FLS_1989%2FVol_I_LS_89.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI1991-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECI1991_117-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183558/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1991/VOL_I_91.pdf">"LS Statistical Report : 1991 Vol. 1"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a></i>. p. 58. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Seventh+Lok+Sabha+elections+%281980%29&rft.date=2014-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Findia%2Fpolitics%2Fonce-upon-a-poll-seventh-lok-sabha-elections-1980%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Chakrabarty, Bidyut. <i>Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies</i> (Oxford University Press, 2014).</li> <li>Devika, J. "Egalitarian developmentalism, communist mobilization, and the question of caste in Kerala State, India." <i>Journal of Asian Studies</i> (2010): 799–820. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/J_Devika/publication/231963735_Egalitarian_Developmentalism_Communist_Mobilization_and_the_Question_of_Caste_in_Kerala_State_India/links/56a6105308ae2c689d39b459.pdf">online</a></li> <li>D'mello, Vineet Kaitan. "The United Socialist Front: The Congress Socialist Party and the Communist Party of India." <i>Proceedings of the Indian History Congress</i>. Vol. 73. (2012) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44156257">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516022738/https://www.jstor.org/stable/44156257">Archived</a> 16 May 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li>Haithcox, John Patrick. <i>Communism and Nationalism in India</i> (Princeton UP, 2015).</li> <li>Kautsky, John H. <i>Moscow and the Communist Party of India: A Study in the Postwar Evolution of International Communist Strategy.</i> (MIT Press, 1956).</li> <li>Kohli, Atul. "Communist Reformers in West Bengal: Origins, Features, and Relations with New Delhi." in <i>State Politics in Contemporary India</i> (Routledge, 2019) pp. 81–102.</li> <li>Lockwood, David. <i>The communist party of India and the Indian emergency</i> (SAGE Publications India, 2016).</li> <li>Lovell, Julia. <i> Maoism: A Global History</i> (2019)</li> <li>Masani, M.R. <i>The Communist Party of India: A Short History.</i> (Macmillan, 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/communistpartyof0000masa">online</a></li> <li>Overstreet, Gene D., and Marshall Windmiller. <i>Communism in India</i> (U of California Press, 2020)</li> <li>Paul, Santosh, ed. <i>The Maoist Movement in India: perspectives and counterperspectives</i> (Taylor & Francis, 2020).</li> <li>Pons, Silvio and Robert Service, eds. <i>A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism</i> (Princeton UP, 2010) pp 180–182.</li> <li>Singer, Wendy. "Peasants and the Peoples of the East: Indians and the Rhetoric of the Comintern," in Tim Rees and Andrew Thorpe, <i>International Communism and the Communist International, 1919–43.</i> (Manchester University Press, 1998).</li> <li>Steur, Luisa. "Adivasis, Communists, and the rise of indigenism in Kerala." <i>Dialectical Anthropology</i> 35.1 (2011): 59–76. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Luisa_Steur/publication/225125280_Adivasis_Communists_and_the_rise_of_indigenism_in_Kerala/links/550945210cf27e990e0e2c5b.pdf">online</a></li> <li>N. E. Balaram, <i>A Short History of the Communist Party of India.</i> Kozikkode, Cannanore, India: Prabhath Book House, 1967.</li> <li>Samaren Roy, <i>The Twice-Born Heretic: M.N. Roy and the Comintern.</i> Calcutta: Firma KLM Private, 1986.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Primary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>G. Adhikari (ed.), <i>Documents of the History of the Communist Party of India: Volume One, 1917–1922.</i> New Delhi: People's Publishing House, 1971.</li> <li>G. Adhikari (ed.), <i>Documents of the History of the Communist Party of India: Volume Two, 1923–1925.</i> New Delhi: People's Publishing House, 1974.</li> <li>V. B. Karnick (ed.), <i>Indian Communist Party Documents, 1930–1956.</i> Bombay: Democratic Research Service/Institute of Public Relations, 1957.</li> <li>Rao, M. B., Ed. <i>Documents Of The History Of The Communist Party Of India(1948–1950), Vol. 7</i> (1960) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.148620">online</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Communist_Party_of_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#CC0000;color:#FFFFFF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communist_Party_of_India" title="Template:Communist Party of India"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communist_Party_of_India" title="Template talk:Communist Party of India"><abbr 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title="Puran Chand Joshi">Puran Chand Joshi</a> (1935–1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._T._Ranadive" title="B. T. Ranadive">B. T. Ranadive</a> (1948–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajoy_Ghosh" title="Ajoy Ghosh">Ajoy Ghosh</a> (1951–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Rajeswara_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandra Rajeswara Rao">Chandra Rajeswara Rao</a> (1962–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrajit_Gupta" title="Indrajit Gupta">Indrajit Gupta</a> (1990–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardhendu_Bhushan_Bardhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan">Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan</a> (1996–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suravaram_Sudhakar_Reddy" title="Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy">S. Sudhakar Reddy</a> (2012–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">D. Raja</a> (2019–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CC0000;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_chief_ministers_from_the_Communist_Party_of_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (page does not exist)"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Chief Ministers</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._K._Vasudevan_Nair" title="P. K. Vasudevan Nair">P. K. Vasudevan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Achutha_Menon" title="C. Achutha Menon">C. Achutha Menon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CC0000;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">Related organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trade_Union_Congress" title="All India Trade Union Congress">All India Trade Union Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Youth_Federation" title="All India Youth Federation">All India Youth Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Students_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Students Federation">All India Students Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Indian_Women" title="National Federation of Indian Women">National Federation of Indian Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Kisan_Sabha_(Ajoy_Bhavan)" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Kisan Sabha (Ajoy Bhavan)">All India Kisan Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Khet_Mazdoor_Union" title="Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union">Bharatiya Khet Mazdoor Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_State_Government_Employees_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="All India State Government Employees Federation">All India State Government Employees Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CC0000;color:#FFFFFF;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_of_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="Foundation of the Communist Party of India">Foundation of the Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_split_in_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="1964 split in the Communist Party of India">1964 split in the Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_the_Communist_Party_of_India" title="Electoral history of the Communist Party of India">Electoral history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" 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<li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Party_(India)" title="National People's Party (India)">National People's Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AJSU_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="AJSU Party">AJSU Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Anna_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">All India Forward Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Majlis-e-Ittehadul_Muslimeen" title="All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen">All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_N.R._Congress" title="All India N.R. Congress">All India N.R. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trinamool_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Trinamool Congress">All India Trinamool Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_United_Democratic_Front" title="All India United Democratic Front">All India United Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apna_Dal_(Soneylal)" title="Apna Dal (Soneylal)">Apna Dal (Soneylal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asom_Gana_Parishad" title="Asom Gana Parishad">Asom Gana Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Rashtra_Samithi" title="Bharat Rashtra Samithi">Bharat Rashtra Samithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal">Biju Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodoland_People%27s_Front" title="Bodoland People's Front">Bodoland People's Front</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiya_Murpokku_Dravida_Kazhagam" title="Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam">Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_Forward_Party" title="Goa Forward Party">Goa Forward Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_State_People%27s_Democratic_Party" title="Hill State People's Democratic Party">Hill State People's Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Lok_Dal" title="Indian National Lok Dal">Indian National Lok Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Union_Muslim_League" title="Indian Union Muslim League">Indian Union Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_People%27s_Front_of_Tripura" title="Indigenous People's Front of Tripura">Indigenous People's Front of Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_National_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu and Kashmir National Conference">Jammu and Kashmir National Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_People%27s_Democratic_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party">Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janasena_Party" title="Janasena Party">Janasena Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United)">Janata Dal (United)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jannayak_Janta_Party" title="Jannayak Janta Party">Jannayak Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janta_Congress_Chhattisgarh" title="Janta Congress Chhattisgarh">Janta Congress Chhattisgarh (J)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Mukti_Morcha" title="Jharkhand Mukti Morcha">Jharkhand Mukti Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(M)" title="Kerala Congress (M)">Kerala Congress (M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Janshakti_Party_(Ram_Vilas)" title="Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)">Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra_Navnirman_Sena" title="Maharashtra Navnirman Sena">Maharashtra Navnirman Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtrawadi_Gomantak_Party" title="Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party">Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_National_Front" title="Mizo National Front">Mizo National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Tamilar_Katchi" title="Naam Tamilar Katchi">Naam Tamilar Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_People%27s_Front" title="Naga People's Front">Naga People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party" title="Nationalist Congress Party">Nationalist Congress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party_%E2%80%93_Sharadchandra_Pawar" title="Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar">Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party">Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Arunachal" title="People's Party of Arunachal">People's Party of Arunachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Front_(Meghalaya)" title="People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya)">People's Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Janshakti_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party">Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Samta_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Samta Party">Rashtriya Lok Samta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Loktantrik_Party" title="Rashtriya Loktantrik Party">Rashtriya Loktantrik Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Goans_Party" title="Revolutionary Goans Party">Revolutionary Goans Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(India)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)">Revolutionary Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Party" title="Samajwadi Party">Samajwadi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiromani_Akali_Dal" title="Shiromani Akali Dal">Shiromani Akali Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena" title="Shiv Sena">Shiv Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena_(UBT)" title="Shiv Sena (UBT)">Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_Democratic_Front" title="Sikkim Democratic Front">Sikkim Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_Krantikari_Morcha" title="Sikkim Krantikari Morcha">Sikkim Krantikari Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_Desam_Party" title="Telugu Desam Party">Telugu Desam Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipra_Motha_Party" title="Tipra Motha Party">Tipra Motha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Party_(Meghalaya)" title="United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)">United Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Party,_Liberal" title="United People's Party, Liberal">United People's Party, Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_the_People_Party_(Meghalaya)" title="Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)">Voice of the People Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viduthalai_Chiruthaigal_Katchi" title="Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi">Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuvajana_Sramika_Rythu_Congress_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party">Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoram_Nationalist_Party" title="Zoram Nationalist Party">Zoram Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoram_People%27s_Movement" title="Zoram People's Movement">Zoram People's Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unrecognized<br />parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahila_India_Naadalum_Makkal_Katchi" title="Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi">Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Rajakulathor_Peravai" title="All India Rajakulathor Peravai">All India Rajakulathor Peravai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambedkarite_Party_of_India" title="Ambedkarite Party of India">Ambedkarite Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amma_Makkal_Munnettra_Kazagam" class="mw-redirect" title="Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam">Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gana_Suraksha_Party" title="Gana Suraksha Party">Gana Suraksha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)" title="Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)">Apna Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Samaj_Party_(Kanshi_Ram)" title="Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)">Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahujan_Mukti_Party" title="Bahujan Mukti Party">Bahujan Mukti Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharipa_Bahujan_Mahasangh" title="Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh">Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Tribal_Party" title="Bharatiya Tribal Party">Bharatiya Tribal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Marxist_Party" title="Communist Marxist Party">Communist Marxist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_(Secular)" title="Congress (Secular)">Congress (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Azad_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Azad Party">Democratic Azad Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Socialist_Party_(Prabodh_Chandra)" title="Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)">Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiya_Makkal_Sakthi_Katchi" title="Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi">Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_Vikas_Party" title="Goa Vikas Party">Goa Vikas Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondwana_Ganatantra_Party" title="Gondwana Ganatantra Party">Gondwana Ganatantra Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorkha_Janmukti_Morcha" title="Gorkha Janmukti Morcha">Gorkha Janmukti Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamro_Sikkim_Party" title="Hamro Sikkim Party">Hamro Sikkim Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Janta_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindustan Janta Party">Hindustan Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_Awam_Morcha" title="Hindustani Awam Morcha">Hindustani Awam Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikkjutt_Jammu" title="Ikkjutt Jammu">Ikkjutt Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indhiya_Jananayaga_Katchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi">Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_League" title="Indian National League">Indian National League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Apni_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party">Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_People%27s_Conference" title="Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference">Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Workers_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party">Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Adhikar_Party_(Loktantrik)" title="Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)">Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jannayak_Janta_Party" title="Jannayak Janta Party">Jannayak Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jansatta_Dal_(Loktantrik)" title="Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)">Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebamani_Janata" class="mw-redirect" title="Jebamani Janata">Jebamani Janata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Party" title="Jharkhand Party">Jharkhand Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Pragnyavantha_Janatha_Party" title="Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party">Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khun_Hynniewtrep_National_Awakening_Movement" title="Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement">Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(B)" title="Kerala Congress (B)">Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(Jacob)" title="Kerala Congress (Jacob)">Kerala Congress (Jacob)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(Thomas)" title="Kerala Congress (Thomas)">Kerala Congress (Thomas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongunadu_Makkal_Desia_Katchi" title="Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi">Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Insaaf_Party" title="Lok Insaaf Party">Lok Insaaf Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loktantrik_Janata_Dal" title="Loktantrik Janata Dal">Loktantrik Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahan_Dal" title="Mahan Dal">Mahan Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makkal_Needhi_Maiam" title="Makkal Needhi Maiam">Makkal Needhi Maiam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marumalarchi_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Co-ordination_Committee" title="Marxist Co-ordination Committee">Marxist Co-ordination Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Secular_Conference" title="National Secular Conference">National Secular Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NISHAD_Party" title="NISHAD Party">NISHAD Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattali_Makkal_Katchi" title="Pattali Makkal Katchi">Pattali Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puratchi_Bharatham_Katchi" title="Puratchi Bharatham Katchi">Puratchi Bharatham Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthiya_Needhi_Katchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Puthiya Needhi Katchi">Puthiya Needhi Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthiya_Tamilagam" title="Puthiya Tamilagam">Puthiya Tamilagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raijor_Dal" title="Raijor Dal">Raijor Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Morcha" title="Rashtriya Lok Morcha">Rashtriya Lok Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Samaj_Paksha" title="Rashtriya Samaj Paksha">Rashtriya Samaj Paksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_India_(Athawale)" title="Republican Party of India (Athawale)">Republican Party of India (Athawale)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_of_Kerala_(Bolshevik)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)">Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(Leninist)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)">Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Janata_Party_(Rashtriya)" title="Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)">Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sangram" title="Shiv Sangram">Shiv Sangram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiromani_Akali_Dal_(Democratic)" title="Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)">Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_National_People%27s_Party" title="Sikkim National People's Party">Sikkim National People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_India" title="Social Democratic Party of India">Social Democratic Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheldev_Bharatiya_Samaj_Party" title="Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party">Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swabhimani_Paksha" title="Swabhimani Paksha">Swabhimani Paksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swatantra_Bharat_Paksh" title="Swatantra Bharat Paksh">Swatantra Bharat Paksh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Maanila_Congress_(Moopanar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)">Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamilaga_Vettri_Kazhagam" title="Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam">Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamizhaga_Makkal_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam">Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamizhaga_Murpokku_Makkal_Katchi" title="Tamizhaga Murpokku Makkal Katchi">Tamizhaga Murpokku Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_Jana_Samithi" title="Telangana Jana Samithi">Telangana Jana Samithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipra_Motha_Party" title="Tipra Motha Party">Tipraha Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Goans_Democratic_Party" title="United Goans Democratic Party">United Goans Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand_Kranti_Dal" title="Uttarakhand Kranti Dal">Uttarakhand Kranti Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchit_Bahujan_Aaghadi" title="Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi">Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikassheel_Insaan_Party" title="Vikassheel Insaan Party">Vikassheel Insaan Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_Party_of_India" title="Welfare Party of India">Welfare Party of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Left_Democratic_Front" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#EE0000; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Left_Democratic_Front" title="Template:Left Democratic Front"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Left_Democratic_Front" title="Template talk:Left Democratic Front"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Left_Democratic_Front" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Left Democratic Front"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Left_Democratic_Front" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Left_Democratic_Front" title="Left Democratic Front"><span style="color:white;">Left Democratic Front</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EE0000; color:white;;width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EE0000 ; color:white;;width:1%">National Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EE0000 ; color:white;;width:1%">State Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party" title="Nationalist Congress Party">Nationalist Congress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(M)" title="Kerala Congress (M)">Kerala Congress (M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EE0000 ; color:white;;width:1%">Registered <br />Unrecognised <br />Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(B)" title="Kerala Congress (B)">Kerala Congress (B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_(Secular)" title="Congress (Secular)">Congress (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_League" title="Indian National League">Indian National League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(Leninist)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)">Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Secular_Conference" title="National Secular Conference">National Secular Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loktantrik_Janata_Dal" title="Loktantrik Janata Dal">Loktantrik Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janathipathiya_Samrakshana_Samithy" title="Janathipathiya Samrakshana Samithy">Janathipathiya Samrakshana Samithy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(Skaria_Thomas)" title="Kerala Congress (Skaria Thomas)">Kerala Congress (Skaria Thomas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janadhipathya_Kerala_Congress" title="Janadhipathya Kerala Congress">Janadhipathya Kerala Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Left_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Left_Democratic_Front_%28Kerala%29_Logo.svg/100px-Left_Democratic_Front_%28Kerala%29_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Left_Democratic_Front_%28Kerala%29_Logo.svg/150px-Left_Democratic_Front_%28Kerala%29_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Left_Democratic_Front_%28Kerala%29_Logo.svg/200px-Left_Democratic_Front_%28Kerala%29_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EE0000; color:white;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._K._Nayanar" title="E. K. Nayanar">E. K. Nayanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Achuthanandan" title="V. S. Achuthanandan">V. S. Achuthanandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinarayi_Vijayan" title="Pinarayi Vijayan">Pinarayi Vijayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodiyeri_Balakrishnan" title="Kodiyeri Balakrishnan">Kodiyeri Balakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prakash_Karat" title="Prakash Karat">Prakash Karat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Ramachandran_Pillai" title="S. Ramachandran Pillai">S. Ramachandran Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._B._Rajesh" title="M. B. Rajesh">M. B. Rajesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Achutha_Menon" title="C. Achutha Menon">C. Achutha Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannyan_Raveendran" class="mw-redirect" title="Pannyan Raveendran">Pannyan Raveendran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanam_Rajendran" title="Kanam Rajendran">Kanam Rajendran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._E._Ismail" title="K. E. Ismail">K. E. Ismail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Saseendran" title="A. K. Saseendran">A. K. Saseendran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chandy" title="Thomas Chandy">Thomas Chandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Krishnankutty" title="K. Krishnankutty">K. Krishnankutty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathew_T._Thomas" title="Mathew T. Thomas">Mathew T. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Balakrishna_Pillai" title="R. Balakrishna Pillai">R. Balakrishna Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadannappalli_Ramachandran" title="Kadannappalli Ramachandran">Kadannappalli Ramachandran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._T._A._Rahim" title="P. T. A. Rahim">P. T. A. Rahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._P._Veerendra_Kumar" title="M. P. Veerendra Kumar">M. P. Veerendra Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._R._Gowri_Amma" class="mw-redirect" title="K. R. Gowri Amma">K. R. Gowri Amma</a></li> <li>Skaria Thomas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_George_(politician)" title="Francis George (politician)">Francis George</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EE0000; color:white;;width:1%">Chief Ministers of Kerala</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E._K._Nayanar" title="E. K. Nayanar">E. K. Nayanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Achuthanandan" title="V. S. Achuthanandan">V. S. Achuthanandan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinarayi_Vijayan" title="Pinarayi Vijayan">Pinarayi Vijayan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Marxism–Leninism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Template:Marxism–Leninism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Template talk:Marxism–Leninism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Marxism–Leninism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Marxism–Leninism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative-command_system" title="Administrative-command system">Administrative-command system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensification_of_the_class_struggle_under_socialism" title="Intensification of the class struggle under socialism">Aggravation of class struggle under socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_planning" class="mw-redirect" title="Central planning">Central planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet-type economic planning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commanding_heights_of_the_economy" title="Commanding heights of the economy">Commanding heights of the economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Developed_socialism" title="Developed socialism">Developed socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_logic" title="Dialectical logic">Dialectical logic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_materialism" title="Dialectical materialism">Dialectical materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foco" title="Foco">Foco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_aristocracy" title="Labor aristocracy">Labour aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_atheism" title="Marxist–Leninist atheism">Marxist–Leninist atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_(politics)" title="Partisan (politics)">Partiinost'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">Popular front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-criticism_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-criticism (Marxism–Leninism)">Self-criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_fascism" title="Social fascism">Social fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">Socialism in one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_patriotism" title="Socialist patriotism">Socialist patriotism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_patriotism" title="Soviet patriotism">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism#SFR_Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslav</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_the_productive_forces" title="Theory of the productive forces">Theory of the productive forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Period" title="Third Period">Third Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_national_liberation" title="Wars of national liberation">Wars of national liberation</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class system</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_democratic_dictatorship" title="People's democratic dictatorship">People's democratic dictatorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_democratic_state" class="mw-redirect" title="People's democratic state">People's democratic state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-democratic_state" class="mw-redirect" title="National-democratic state">National-democratic state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_socialist_orientation" title="State of socialist orientation">State of socialist orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state_of_the_whole_people" title="Socialist state of the whole people">Socialist state of the whole people</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political system</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_committee" title="Central committee">Central committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_control_of_the_military_in_communist_states" title="Civilian control of the military in communist states">Civilian control of the military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_personality" title="Cult of personality">Cult of personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party">General Secretary of the Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highest_organ_of_state_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Highest organ of state power">Highest organ of state power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading_role_of_the_party" title="Leading role of the party">Leading role of the party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo" title="Politburo">Politburo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_(administrative_office)" title="Secretariat (administrative office)">Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_belt" title="Transmission belt">Transmission belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_power" title="Unified power">Unified power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Cuba" title="Communist Party of Cuba">Cuban</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fidel_Castro" title="Politics of Fidel Castro">Castroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husakism" title="Husakism">Husakism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></i></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Songun" title="Songun">Songun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea#Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism" title="Ideology of the Workers' Party of Korea">Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Workers%27_Party_of_Korea#Kimjongunism" title="Ideology of the Workers' Party of Korea">Kimjongunism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash_Communism" title="Goulash Communism">Kadarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrushchevism" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchevism">Khrushchevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Thought" title="Gonzalo Thought">Gonzalo Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism%E2%80%93Prachanda_Path" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path">Prachanda Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantherism" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantherism">Pantherism</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Intercommunalism" title="Intercommunalism">Intercommunalism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Avakian" title="Bob Avakian">New Communism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaysone_Phomvihane_Thought" title="Kaysone Phomvihane Thought">Kaysone Phomvihane Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot#Political_ideology" title="Pol Pot">Pol Potism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_socialism" title="African socialism">African</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Sankarism" title="Sankarism">Sankarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machelism" title="Machelism">Machelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkrumaism" title="Nkrumaism">Nkrumaism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping_Theory" title="Deng Xiaoping Theory">Dengism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Represents" title="Three Represents">Three Represents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Outlook_on_Development" title="Scientific Outlook on Development">Scientific Outlook on Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought" title="Xi Jinping Thought">Xi Jinping Thought</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">American</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Bill_of_Rights_socialism" title="Bill of Rights socialism">Bill of Rights socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browderism" title="Browderism">Browderism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovestoneites" title="Lovestoneites">Lovestoneism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Marcyism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a></li> <li>(<i><a href="/wiki/%C4%90ilasism" title="Đilasism">Đilasism</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rankovi%C4%87ism" title="Rankovićism">Rankovićism</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_a_human_face" title="Socialism with a human face">Dubčekism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachariadism" class="mw-redirect" title="Zachariadism">Zachariadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine" title="Brezhnev Doctrine">Brezhnevism</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Ernst Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorloogiin_Choibalsan" title="Khorloogiin Choibalsan">Khorloogiin Choibalsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehmetjan_Qasim" title="Ehmetjan Qasim">Ehmetjan Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_D%C3%ADaz_(politician)" title="José Díaz (politician)">José Díaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Thorez" title="Maurice Thorez">Maurice Thorez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Ib%C3%A1rruri" title="Dolores Ibárruri">Dolores Ibárruri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_Nguy%C3%AAn_Gi%C3%A1p" title="Võ Nguyên Giáp">Võ Nguyên Giáp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Browder" title="Earl Browder">Earl Browder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ulbricht" title="Walter Ulbricht">Walter Ulbricht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s_R%C3%A1kosi" title="Mátyás Rákosi">Mátyás Rákosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Kaganovich" title="Lazar Kaganovich">Lazar Kaganovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Dimitrov" title="Georgi Dimitrov">Georgi Dimitrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_Bierut" title="Bolesław Bierut">Bolesław Bierut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valko_Chervenkov" title="Valko Chervenkov">Valko Chervenkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klement_Gottwald" title="Klement Gottwald">Klement Gottwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gheorghiu-Dej" title="Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej">Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaysone_Phomvihane" title="Kaysone Phomvihane">Kaysone Phomvihane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Bakdash" title="Khalid Bakdash">Khalid Bakdash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Leonid Brezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostinho_Neto" title="Agostinho Neto">Agostinho Neto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam" title="Mengistu Haile Mariam">Mengistu Haile Mariam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin_Peng" title="Chin Peng">Chin Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanz%C5%8D_Nosaka" title="Sanzō Nosaka">Sanzō Nosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gust%C3%A1v_Hus%C3%A1k" title="Gustáv Husák">Gustáv Husák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" title="János Kádár">János Kádár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bishop" title="Maurice Bishop">Maurice Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Honecker" title="Erich Honecker">Erich Honecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Gomu%C5%82ka" title="Władysław Gomułka">Władysław Gomułka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samora_Machel" title="Samora Machel">Samora Machel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Thomas Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathieu_K%C3%A9r%C3%A9kou" title="Mathieu Kérékou">Mathieu Kérékou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siad_Barre" title="Siad Barre">Siad Barre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Muhammad_Taraki" title="Nur Muhammad Taraki">Nur Muhammad Taraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cano" title="Alfonso Cano">Alfonso Cano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushpa_Kamal_Dahal" title="Pushpa Kamal Dahal">Pushpa Kamal Dahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Abimael Guzmán">Abimael Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Hall" title="Gus Hall">Gus Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theoretical works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-style:italic;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Leninism" title="Foundations of Leninism">Foundations of Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_and_Historical_Materialism" title="Dialectical and Historical Materialism">Dialectical and Historical Materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union_(Bolsheviks)" title="History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)">The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britain%27s_Road_to_Socialism" title="Britain's Road to Socialism">Britain's Road to Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Problems_of_Socialism_in_the_USSR" title="Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR">Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Critique_of_Soviet_Economics" title="A Critique of Soviet Economics">A Critique of Soviet Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentals_of_Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism">Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_Warfare_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla Warfare (book)">Guerrilla Warfare</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1927%E2%80%931953)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)">1927–1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1953%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1953–1964)">1953–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1964%E2%80%931982)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)">1964–1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1982%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)">1982–1991</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Break_(USSR)" title="Great Break (USSR)">Great Break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Collectivization in the Soviet Union">Collectivization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrialization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Industrialization in the Soviet Union">Industrialization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Purge" title="Great Purge">Great Purge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War_(term)" title="Great Patriotic War (term)">Great Patriotic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Revolution" title="Chinese Communist Revolution">Chinese Communist Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of the People's Republic of China">China</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1949%E2%80%931976)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)">1949–1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1976%E2%80%931989)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1976–1989)">1976–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1989%E2%80%932002)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1989–2002)">1989–2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present)">2002–present</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tito%E2%80%93Stalin_split" title="Tito–Stalin split">Tito–Stalin split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-Stalinization" title="De-Stalinization">De-Stalinization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidation_of_the_Cuban_Revolution" title="Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution">Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian%E2%80%93Soviet_split" title="Albanian–Soviet split">Albanian–Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Revolution of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward" title="Great Leap Forward">Great Leap Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Power_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Power movement">Black Power movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution" title="Nicaraguan Revolution">Nicaraguan Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army_rebellion" title="New People's Army rebellion">New People's Army rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="Maoist insurgency in Turkey">Maoist insurgency in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Albanian_split" title="Sino-Albanian split">Sino-Albanian split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_conflict_in_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal conflict in Peru">Internal conflict in Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="People's Republic of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Benin" title="People's Republic of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Cambodia#Democratic_Kampuchea_(Khmer_Rouge_era)_(1975–79)" title="History of Cambodia">Cambodia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Kampuchea" title="Democratic Kampuchea">Democratic Kampuchea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea" title="People's Republic of Kampuchea">People's Republic of Kampuchea</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="People's Republic of the Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_Socialist_Republic_(1969%E2%80%931990)/Czech_Republic_(1990%E2%80%931992)" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech Socialist Republic (1969–1990)/Czech Republic (1990–1992)">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Socialist_Republic_(1969%E2%80%931990)/Slovak_Republic_(1990%E2%80%931992)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovak Socialist Republic (1969–1990)/Slovak Republic (1990–1992)">Slovakia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derg" title="Derg">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government_(Grenada)" title="People's Revolutionary Government (Grenada)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Mozambique" title="People's Republic of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Democratic_Republic" title="Somali Democratic Republic">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbekistan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Slovenia" title="Socialist Republic of Slovenia">Slovenia</a>)</li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Albanian Party of Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Comintern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Brazil" title="Communist Party of Brazil">Communist Party of Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Cuba" title="Communist Party of Cuba">Communist Party of Cuba</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea" title="Communist Party of Kampuchea">Communist Party of Kampuchea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">Communist Party of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party of the Russian Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Communist_Party" title="Malayan Communist Party">Communist Party of Malaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indochinese_Communist_Party" title="Indochinese Communist Party">Indochinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampuchean_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party">Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" title="Lao People's Revolutionary Party">Lao People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Communist_Party" title="Nepal Communist Party">Nepal Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandinista_National_Liberation_Front" title="Sandinista National Liberation Front">Sandinista National Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shining_Path" title="Shining Path">Shining Path</a> (<a href="/wiki/Militarized_Communist_Party_of_Peru" title="Militarized Communist Party of Peru">Militarized Communist Party of Peru</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Communist_Party" title="Portuguese Communist Party">Portuguese Communist Party</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevism" title="Bolshevism">Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Mass killings</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity_under_communist_regimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimes against humanity under communist regimes">Crimes against humanity under Marxist–Leninist regimes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of Marxist–Leninist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_schools_of_thought" title="Marxist schools of thought">Marxist schools of thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bolshevism" title="National Bolshevism">National Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_class" title="New class">New class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-communism" title="Post-communism">Post-Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_fascism" title="Red fascism">Red fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_Red_Scare" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Red Scare">Second</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">Second World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">State capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party">State ideology of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">State ideology of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-Worldism" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-Worldism">Third-Worldism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">Totalitarianism</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837159#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837159#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837159#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/157322917">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/540322/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/8879-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80004215">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00628244">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007592312605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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