CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Cisalpine Republic - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"56acf213-4d25-4c09-96c6-af0a818f403a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Cisalpine_Republic","wgTitle":"Cisalpine Republic","wgCurRevisionId":1253502074,"wgRevisionId":1253502074,"wgArticleId":352685,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles needing additional references from July 2022","All articles needing additional references","Articles containing Italian-language text","Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters","Articles containing Lombard-language text", "Articles with Italian-language sources (it)","Coordinates on Wikidata","Cisalpine Republic","Early modern history of Italy","Italian states","Former republics","Italian unification","1797 in Italy","1790s in Italy","1800s in Italy","1802 in Italy","States and territories established in 1797","States and territories disestablished in 1802","Client states of the Napoleonic Wars","1802 disestablishments in Italy","1797 establishments in Italy"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Cisalpine_Republic","wgRelevantArticleId":352685,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr", "pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":45.46666666666667,"lon":9.166666666666666},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q213353","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options": "loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions", "wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/1200px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/800px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/640px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Cisalpine Republic - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Cisalpine_Republic rootpage-Cisalpine_Republic skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Cisalpine+Republic" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Cisalpine+Republic" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Cisalpine+Republic" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Cisalpine+Republic" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Creation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Creation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_constitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_constitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>First constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_constitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_constitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Second constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treaty_of_alliance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treaty_of_alliance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Treaty of alliance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Treaty_of_alliance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Treaty of alliance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Treaty_of_alliance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_Switzerland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_Switzerland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Relationship with Switzerland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_Switzerland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Second republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cisalpine Republic</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الجمهورية الألبية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الجمهورية الألبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Cisalpina" title="República Cisalpina – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="República Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цызальпінская рэспубліка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цызальпінская рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_sizalpin" title="Republik sizalpin – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Republik sizalpin" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Cisalpina" title="República Cisalpina – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpinsk%C3%A1_republika" title="Cisalpinská republika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cisalpinská republika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpinske_Republik" title="Cisalpinske Republik – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cisalpinske Republik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpinische_Republik" title="Cisalpinische Republik – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cisalpinische Republik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsisalpiini_vabariik" title="Tsisalpiini vabariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tsisalpiini vabariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B3blica_Ci%E1%B9%A3alp%C3%A8ina" title="Repóblica Ciṣalpèina – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Repóblica Ciṣalpèina" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Cisalpina" title="República Cisalpina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_cisalpine" title="République cisalpine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République cisalpine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Cisalpina" title="República Cisalpina – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%98%EC%82%B4%ED%94%BC%EB%82%98_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="치살피나 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="치살피나 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpinska_Republika" title="Cisalpinska Republika – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cisalpinska Republika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Cisalpina" title="Republik Cisalpina – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_Cisalpina" title="Repubblica Cisalpina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הרפובליקה הציסאלפינית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרפובליקה הציסאלפינית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цизальпин республика – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Цизальпин республика" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_Publica_Cisalpina" title="Res Publica Cisalpina – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Res Publica Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Cisalpina" title="Republica Cisalpina – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Republica Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciszalpin_K%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g" title="Ciszalpin Köztársaság – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ciszalpin Köztársaság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цисалпска Република – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Цисалпска Република" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpijnse_Republiek" title="Cisalpijnse Republiek – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cisalpijnse Republiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%82%B6%E3%83%AB%E3%83%94%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="チザルピーナ共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チザルピーナ共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_cisalpinske_republikk" title="Den cisalpinske republikk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den cisalpinske republikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_cisalpinske_republikken" title="Den cisalpinske republikken – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den cisalpinske republikken" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Cisalpi%C5%84ska" title="Republika Cisalpińska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republika Cisalpińska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Cisalpina" title="República Cisalpina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República Cisalpina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цизальпинская республика – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цизальпинская республика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpinska_republika" title="Cisalpinska republika – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Cisalpinska republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цисалпинска република – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Цисалпинска република" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpinska_Republika" title="Cisalpinska Republika – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cisalpinska Republika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalppinen_tasavalta" title="Cisalppinen tasavalta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cisalppinen tasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpinska_republiken" title="Cisalpinska republiken – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cisalpinska republiken" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisalpin_Cumhuriyeti" title="Cisalpin Cumhuriyeti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cisalpin Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Цизальпійська республіка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цизальпійська республіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="سیسلپائن جمہوریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیسلپائن جمہوریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E7%9A%AE%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="奇萨尔皮尼共和国 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奇萨尔皮尼共和国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E7%9A%AE%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="奇萨尔皮纳共和国 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奇萨尔皮纳共和国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q213353#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Cisalpine_Republic" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Cisalpine_Republic" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Cisalpine_Republic" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&oldid=1253502074" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Cisalpine_Republic&id=1253502074&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCisalpine_Republic"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCisalpine_Republic"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Cisalpine_Republic&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cisalpine_Republic" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q213353" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cisalpine_Republic&params=45_28_N_9_10_E_source:kolossus-svwiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">9°10′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.467°N 9.167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.467; 9.167</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1797–1802 French client state in northern Italy</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cisalpine_Republic" title="Special:EditPage/Cisalpine Republic">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Cisalpine+Republic%22">"Cisalpine Republic"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Cisalpine+Republic%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Cisalpine+Republic%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Cisalpine+Republic%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Cisalpine+Republic%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Cisalpine+Republic%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Cisalpine Republic</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Repubblica Cisalpina</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1797–1802</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Cisalpine Republic"><img alt="Flag of Cisalpine Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_Napoleonic_Italy" title="Flags of Napoleonic Italy">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Cisalpine Republic"><img alt="Emblem of Cisalpine Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Seal_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Seal_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Seal_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Napoleonic_Italy" title="Coat of arms of Napoleonic Italy"> Emblem</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cisalpine_Republic_1797.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Cisalpine Republic in 1797"><img alt="The Cisalpine Republic in 1797" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cisalpine_Republic_1797.svg/250px-Cisalpine_Republic_1797.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cisalpine_Republic_1797.svg/375px-Cisalpine_Republic_1797.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cisalpine_Republic_1797.svg/500px-Cisalpine_Republic_1797.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="456" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">The Cisalpine Republic in 1797</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sister_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sister Republic">Sister Republic</a> of <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilian_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilian dialects">Emilian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_language" title="Lombard language">Lombard</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Romagnol" title="Romagnol">Romagnol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Veneto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Veneto language">Veneto</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Directorial_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorial republic">directorial republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data">Legislative Council</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Council of Elders</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Council of Juniors</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Leoben" title="Peace of Leoben">Peace of Leoben</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">18 April 1797</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Established </div></th><td class="infobox-data">29 June 1797</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic_(1797)" title="Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1797)">Constitution</a> adopted </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 July 1797</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Treaty of Campo Formio</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">17 October 1797</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">Golpe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic_(1798)" title="Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1798)">second Constitution</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">31 August 1798</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cassano_(1799)" title="Battle of Cassano (1799)">Occupied by Austria</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">27 April 1799</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marengo" title="Battle of Marengo">Restored by France</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">2 June 1800</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Renamed Italian Republic</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">26 January 1802</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">1797</th><td class="infobox-data">42,500<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> km<sup>2</sup> (16,400 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1797 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,240,000<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Milanese_scudo" title="Milanese scudo">Milanese scudo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lira" title="Lira">lira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soldo" title="Soldo">soldo</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_denier" title="French denier">denaro</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Transpadane_Republic" title="Transpadane Republic">Transpadane Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Cispadane_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Cispadane_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Cispadane_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Cispadane_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_the_Cispadane_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Cispadane_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cispadane_Republic" title="Cispadane Republic">Cispadane Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Canton_of_Graub%C3%BCnden.svg/20px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Graub%C3%BCnden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Canton_of_Graub%C3%BCnden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Graub%C3%BCnden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Canton_of_Graub%C3%BCnden.svg/40px-Flag_of_Canton_of_Graub%C3%BCnden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="471" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Three_Leagues" title="Three Leagues">Three Leagues</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/20px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/30px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/40px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Crema.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Crema.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Crema.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Crema.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Crema.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Crema.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crema" title="Republic of Crema">Republic of Crema</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italian Republic</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_the_Italian_Republic_%281802%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Italian_Republic_%281802%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_the_Italian_Republic_%281802%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Italian_Republic_%281802%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_the_Italian_Republic_%281802%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Italian_Republic_%281802%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cisalpine Republic</b> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Repubblica Cisalpina</i>; <a href="/wiki/Lombard_language" title="Lombard language">Lombard</a>: <i lang="lmo">Republica Cisalpina</i>) was a <a href="/wiki/Sister_republic" title="Sister republic">sister republic</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Client_state" title="Client state">client state</a> of <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">France</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a> that existed from 1797 to 1799, with a second version until 1802. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Creation">Creation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Creation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lodi" title="Battle of Lodi">Battle of Lodi</a> in May 1796, <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> organized two states: one to the south of the <a href="/wiki/Po_(river)" title="Po (river)">Po</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cispadane_Republic" title="Cispadane Republic">Cispadane Republic</a>, and one to the north, the <a href="/wiki/Transpadane_Republic" title="Transpadane Republic">Transpadane Republic</a>. On 19 May 1797, Napoleon transferred the territories of the former <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Modena" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Modena">Duchy of Modena</a> to Transpadania and, on 12 <a href="/wiki/Messidor" title="Messidor">Messidor</a> (29 June), he decreed the birth of the Cisalpine Republic, creating a <a href="/wiki/Directorial_system" title="Directorial system">Directory</a> for the republic and appointing its ministers. France published the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic_(1797)" title="Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1797)">constitution</a> of the new republic on 20 Messidor (7 July), establishing the division of the territory into eleven <a href="/wiki/French_departments" class="mw-redirect" title="French departments">departments</a>: Adda (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Lodi" title="Province of Lodi">Lodi</a>), Alpi Apuane (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Massa-Carrara" title="Province of Massa-Carrara">Massa</a>), Crostolo (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Reggio_Emilia" title="Province of Reggio Emilia">Reggio</a>), Lario (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Como" title="Province of Como">Como</a>), Montagna (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Lecco" title="Province of Lecco">Lecco</a>), Olona (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Milan" title="Province of Milan">Milan</a>), Panaro (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Modena" title="Province of Modena">Modena</a>), Po (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Cremona" title="Province of Cremona">Cremona</a>), Serio (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Bergamo" title="Province of Bergamo">Bergamo</a>), Ticino (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pavia" title="Province of Pavia">Pavia</a>), and Verbano (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Varese" title="Province of Varese">Varese</a>). </p><p>The rest of Cispadania was merged into the Cisalpine Republic on 27 July, with the capital of the unified state being <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>. On 1 <a href="/wiki/Brumaire" title="Brumaire">Brumaire</a> (22 October), Bonaparte announced the union of <a href="/wiki/Valtelline" class="mw-redirect" title="Valtelline">Valtelline</a> with the Republic, after its secession from the Swiss <a href="/wiki/Three_Leagues" title="Three Leagues">Three Grey Leagues</a>. <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Austria</a> acknowledged the new entity in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campoformio" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Campoformio">Treaty of Campoformio</a> of 17 October, gaining in exchange what remained of the <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian Republic">Venetian Republic</a>. On 25 Brumaire (15 November), the full international recognition and legality of the new state was ratified by the law governing the final annexation of the conquered territories. </p><p>The parliament, composed of two chambers (the <i>Great Council</i> and the <i>Council of the Seniors</i>), was appointed directly by Napoleon on 1 <a href="/wiki/Frimaire" title="Frimaire">Frimaire</a> (21 November). He justified this undemocratic action as a necessity of war. New departments joined the eleven original ones and Valtelline in the following months: Benaco (<a href="/wiki/Desenzano" class="mw-redirect" title="Desenzano">Desenzano</a>) on 11 Ventose (1 March 1798), Mella (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Brescia" title="Province of Brescia">Brescia</a>) on 13 Floreal (2 May), Mincio (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Mantua" title="Province of Mantua">Mantua</a>) on 7 Prairial (26 May), and five departments of Emilia. The structural phase of the republic was terminated on 14 <a href="/wiki/Fructidor" title="Fructidor">Fructidor</a> (31 August), when France dismissed all the authorities of the republic, replacing them with a stronger executive power under a new constitution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_constitution">First constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic_(1797)" title="Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1797)">Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1797)</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Cisalpine Republic was for many years under the dominion of the House of Austria. </p><p>The French Republic succeeded it by right of conquest. It now renounces this right, and the Cisalpine Republic is free and independent. Recognized by France and by the Emperor, it will soon be equally acknowledged by the rest of Europe. </p><p>The Executive Directory of the French Republic, not content with employing its influence, and the victories of the Republican armies, to secure the political existence of the Cisalpine Republic, extends its care still further; and convinced that, if liberty be the first of blessings, the revolution which attends it is the greatest of evils, it has given to the Cisalpine people their peculiar Constitution, resulting from the wisdom of the most enlightened nation. </p><p>From a military regime, the Cisalpine people pass to a constitutional one. </p><p>That this transition should experience no shock, nor be exposed to anarchy, the Executive Directory thought proper to nominate, for the present, the members of the government and the legislative body, so that the people should, after the lapse of one year, have the election to the vacant places, in conformity to the Constitution. </p><p>For a great number of years, there existed no republic in Italy. The sacred fire of liberty was extinguished, and the finest part of Europe was under the yoke of strangers. It belongs to the Cisalpine Republic to show to the world by its wisdom, its energy, and the good organization of its armies, that modern Italy is not degenerated, and is still worthy of liberty. </p><p> (Signed) Buonaparte.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Proclamation of General Buonaparte (later became the Preamble to the Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic), Montebello, 11 Messidor, year V (29 June 1797).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The institutions of the Cisalpine Republic were very similar to those of France. Its <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic_(1797)" title="Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1797)">first constitution</a>, adopted on 8 July 1797, was based on the <a href="/wiki/French_Constitution_of_1795" class="mw-redirect" title="French Constitution of 1795">French Constitution of 1795</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A five-member <a href="/wiki/Directorial_system" title="Directorial system">directory</a> constituted the <a href="/wiki/Executive_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive branch">executive branch</a> of government.<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory was divided into <a href="/wiki/Department_(administrative_division)" title="Department (administrative division)">departments</a><sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which elected the <i>judges of peace</i>, the <i>magistrates</i> and the <i>electors</i>, one for every 200 people having the right to vote. The latter elected two councils: the <i>Consiglio dei Seniori</i> ("Council of the Seniors") and the <i>Gran Consiglio</i> ("Great Council"). The first was initially composed of 40 to 60 members and approved the laws and modifications to the Constitutional Chart. The second initially had from 80 to 120 members and proposed the laws. Both councils discussed treaties, the choice of a Directory, and the determination of tributes. The legislative corps included men like <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Verri" title="Pietro Verri">Pietro Verri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Parini" title="Giuseppe Parini">Giuseppe Parini</a> and the scientist <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Volta" title="Alessandro Volta">Alessandro Volta</a>. The electors had to be landowners or wealthy. </p><p>The Cisalpine directory was composed of five members and exercised executive power.<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Directors included local politicians such as <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Galeazzo_Serbelloni" title="Giovanni Galeazzo Serbelloni">Giovanni Galeazzo Serbelloni</a>, the first president, and <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Melzi_d%27Eril" title="Francesco Melzi d'Eril">Francesco Melzi d'Eril</a>, who would later serve as vice president of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italian Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Directory chose its secretary and appointed the six ministers: for justice, war, foreign affairs, internal affairs, police, and finance. The supreme authority, however, was the commander of the French troops. The republic also adopted the <a href="/wiki/French_Republican_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="French Republican Calendar">French Republican Calendar</a>. </p><p>Each department had its own local directory of five members, as did communes between 3,000 and 100,000 inhabitants. The biggest communes were divided into municipalities, with a central joint commission to handle the general affairs of the cities. The smallest communes were united in districts with a single municipality, with each commune having its own <i>municipal agent</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_constitution">Second constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Second constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic_(1798)" title="Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1798)">Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1798)</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guillaume_Marie-Anne_Brune.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Guillaume_Marie-Anne_Brune.jpg/137px-Guillaume_Marie-Anne_Brune.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Guillaume_Marie-Anne_Brune.jpg/206px-Guillaume_Marie-Anne_Brune.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Guillaume_Marie-Anne_Brune.jpg/274px-Guillaume_Marie-Anne_Brune.jpg 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Marie_Anne_Brune" class="mw-redirect" title="Guillaume Marie Anne Brune">General Brune</a> attempted a <i>coup d'état</i> in autumn 1798.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first constitution did not have a long life. On 14 Fructidor, year VI (31 August 1798), the French ambassador <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude-Joseph_Trouv%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude-Joseph Trouvé (page does not exist)">Claude-Joseph Trouvé</a> (who was only thirty years old) dismissed the Directory, and the next day he promulgated <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cisalpine_Republic_(1798)" title="Constitution of the Cisalpine Republic (1798)">a new constitution</a> with a stronger executive power. </p><p>The departments numbered eleven again, now covering larger geographical areas: Olona (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Milan" title="Province of Milan">Milan</a>), Alto Po (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Cremona" title="Province of Cremona">Cremona</a>), Serio (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Bergamo" title="Province of Bergamo">Bergamo</a>), Adda and Oglio (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Sondrio" title="Province of Sondrio">Morbegno</a>), Mella (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Brescia" title="Province of Brescia">Brescia</a>), Mincio<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Mantua" title="Province of Mantua">Mantua</a>), Panaro (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Modena" title="Province of Modena">Modena</a>), Crostolo (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Reggio_Emilia" title="Province of Reggio Emilia">Reggio</a>), Reno (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Bologna" title="Province of Bologna">Bologna</a>), Basso Po (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Ferrara" title="Province of Ferrara">Ferrara</a>), Rubicone (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Forl%C3%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="Province of Forlì">Forlì</a>). The membership of the local directories was reduced to three, and the municipalities for communes between 3,000 and 10,000 inhabitants were disbanded. </p><p>Trouvé appointed the new Directory, which had stronger powers, and a new parliament composed of two councils: the <i>Anziani</i> ("Elders") and the <i>Giuniori</i> ("Juniors"). The first was composed of 40 elected members together with the former directors. The second had 80 members. </p><p>A new coup d'état, attempted by French general <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Marie_Anne_Brune" class="mw-redirect" title="Guillaume Marie Anne Brune">Guillaume Marie Anne Brune</a> the next autumn, was disavowed by the French Directory on 17 Frimaire (7 December). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treaty_of_alliance">Treaty of alliance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Treaty of alliance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formally, the Cisalpine Republic was an independent state allied with France, but the treaty of alliance established the effective subalternity of the new republic to France. The French, in fact, had control over the local police and left an army consisting of 25,000 Frenchmen, financed by the Republic. The Cisalpines were also required to form another army of 35,000 of their own men to take part in French campaigns. </p><p>On 4 March 1798, the Directory presented this treaty to the Great Council for ratification. The council did not agree with the terms and delayed taking a decision, but in the end, the French general <a href="/wiki/Louis_Alexandre_Berthier" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Alexandre Berthier">Berthier</a> compelled acceptance by the members. The Elders, however, refused it from the very beginning, as the new state was unable to finance the requested institutions. Berthier threatened to impose a military government but was later replaced by General Brune. The latter, after replacing some Elders and Juniors, achieved the signing of the treaty on 8 June. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relationship_with_Switzerland">Relationship with Switzerland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Relationship with Switzerland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to multiple attempts by the Cisalpine government to annex the Italian-speaking Swiss territories south of the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a>, relations with the <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss Confederacy</a> were strained.<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cisalpine Republic ended up taking control of <a href="/wiki/Valtellina" title="Valtellina">Valtellina</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Three_Leagues" title="Three Leagues">Three Leagues</a> and <a href="/wiki/Campione_d%27Italia" title="Campione d'Italia">Campione d'Italia</a> and annexing them.<sup id="cite_ref-HDS_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Cisalpine attempt to conquer <a href="/wiki/Lugano" title="Lugano">Lugano</a> by surprise failed in 1797. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_republic">Second republic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Second republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Repubblica_Cisalpina_-_30soldi_1801.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Repubblica_Cisalpina_-_30soldi_1801.jpg/220px-Repubblica_Cisalpina_-_30soldi_1801.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Repubblica_Cisalpina_-_30soldi_1801.jpg/330px-Repubblica_Cisalpina_-_30soldi_1801.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Repubblica_Cisalpina_-_30soldi_1801.jpg/440px-Repubblica_Cisalpina_-_30soldi_1801.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1428" data-file-height="1408" /></a><figcaption><i>30 <a href="/wiki/Solidus_(coin)" title="Solidus (coin)">soldi</a></i> coin (equal to <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> lira) of the Cisalpine Republic, 1801</figcaption></figure> <p>After the defeat of France at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cassano_(1799)" title="Battle of Cassano (1799)">Battle of Cassano</a> in April 1799 during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Second_Coalition" title="War of the Second Coalition">War of the Second Coalition</a>, the republic was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Suvorov%27s_Italian_and_Swiss_expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Suvorov's Italian and Swiss expedition">General Suvorov's</a> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Austrian</a> forces, which appointed a provisional administration led by the Imperial Commission of the Mantuan Count <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luigi_Cocastelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luigi Cocastelli (page does not exist)">Luigi Cocastelli</a>. They departed only on 30 May 1800, just a few days before the French won the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marengo" title="Battle of Marengo">Battle of Marengo</a>. </p><p>The Cisalpine Republic was restored by Napoleon on 15 <a href="/wiki/Prairial" title="Prairial">Prairial</a>, year VIII (4 June 1800). On 28 Prairial (17 June), the <a href="/wiki/First_Consul" class="mw-redirect" title="First Consul">First Consul</a> appointed an Extraordinary Commission of Government of nine members and a legislative <i>Consulta</i>: the final list of the executive and legislative institutions was published on 5 Messidor (24 June). On 16 Messidor (6 July) all the acts issued during the Austrian occupation were annulled, and afterwards, the tricolour flag was restored. </p><p>Napoleon's new victories gave him a chance to stabilize the political situation in all of northern Italy. On 3 <a href="/wiki/Vend%C3%A9miaire" title="Vendémiaire">Vendémiaire</a>, year IX (25 September), the powers of the Extraordinary Commission were concentrated in the hands of a more restricted Committee of Government, composed of three members: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovan_Battista_Sommariva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovan Battista Sommariva (page does not exist)">Giovan Battista Sommariva</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigismondo_Ruga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigismondo Ruga (page does not exist)">Sigismondo Ruga</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesco_Visconti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francesco Visconti (page does not exist)">Francesco Visconti</a>, reflecting the institution of the <a href="/wiki/French_Consulate" title="French Consulate">French Consulate</a>. On 21 Vendémiaire (13 October), owing to the refusal of the escaped King <a href="/wiki/Charles_Emmanuel_IV_of_Sardinia" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia">Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia</a> to sign a treaty of peace settling the situation of the occupied <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a>, Napoleon ordered the annexation of <a href="/wiki/Novara" title="Novara">Novara</a> to the republic, shifting its western border from the river <a href="/wiki/Ticino_(river)" title="Ticino (river)">Ticino</a> to the River <a href="/wiki/Sesia" title="Sesia">Sesia</a>. After the surrender of Austria and the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lun%C3%A9ville" title="Treaty of Lunéville">Treaty of Lunéville</a> on 9 February 1801, the territory of the republic was extended to the east as well, placing the frontier with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> on the River <a href="/wiki/Adige" title="Adige">Adige</a> without the exceptions agreed in Campo Formio. On 23 Floreal (13 May), the territory of the republic was divided into 12 departments, adding Agogna (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Novara" title="Province of Novara">Novara</a>), restoring Lario and abolishing Adda-e-Oglio. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MonsiauConsultaRepubliqueCsalpine1808.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/MonsiauConsultaRepubliqueCsalpine1808.jpg/220px-MonsiauConsultaRepubliqueCsalpine1808.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/MonsiauConsultaRepubliqueCsalpine1808.jpg/330px-MonsiauConsultaRepubliqueCsalpine1808.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/MonsiauConsultaRepubliqueCsalpine1808.jpg/440px-MonsiauConsultaRepubliqueCsalpine1808.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Consulta of the République cisalpine</i> receives the <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">First Consul</a> on 26 January 1802, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas-Andr%C3%A9_Monsiau" title="Nicolas-André Monsiau">Nicolas-André Monsiau</a>, 1806–08</figcaption></figure> <p>On 21 Brumaire, year X (12 November), an <a href="/wiki/Consulte_de_Lyon" title="Consulte de Lyon">Extraordinary Cisalpine Consulta</a> was summoned in <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>. In January 1802, the Consulta decided to change the name of the State to the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italian Republic</a>, when Napoleon had himself elected president, on 24 January, on the advice of <a href="/wiki/Talleyrand" class="mw-redirect" title="Talleyrand">Talleyrand</a>. Two days later, in a scene officially commemorated by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas-Andr%C3%A9_Monsiau" title="Nicolas-André Monsiau">Nicolas-André Monsiau</a>, Bonaparte appeared in the Collège de la Trinité of <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, attended by <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Murat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis-Alexandre_Berthier" title="Louis-Alexandre Berthier">Berthier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a>, Hortense and Joséphine de Beauharnais, and heard the assembled notables proclaim the Italian Republic. On 21 <a href="/wiki/Pluvi%C3%B4se" title="Pluviôse">Pluviôse</a> (10 February), the new constitutional government was proclaimed in Milan by Sommariva and Ruga. The same day, the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> was restored. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_client_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="French client republic">French client republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Cisalpine Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italian Republic (Napoleonic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Abbamonte" title="Giuseppe Abbamonte">Giuseppe Abbamonte</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HDS-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDS_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Cisalpine Republic</i> in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D6621.php"><span title="Cisalpine Republic in German">German</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F6621.php"><span title="Cisalpine Republic in French">French</span></a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/i/I6621.php"><span title="Cisalpine Republic in Italian">Italian</span></a> in the online <i><a href="/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r920966791">.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps-smaller{font-size:85%}</style><span class="smallcaps"><a href="/wiki/Debrett%27s" title="Debrett's">John Debrett</a></span>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dkh-uPrBSCwC&pg=PA96">A Collection of State Papers Relative to the War Against France Now Carrying on by Great Britain and the Several Other European Powers</a></i> (1798) 96. <a href="/wiki/Debrett%27s" title="Debrett's">Debrett's</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Constitution was written so fast that the department of Mincio was erroneously listed as <i>Milano</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lombardiabeniculturali.it/leggi/contesti/7">Historical database of Lombard laws</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cisalpine_Republic&params=45_28_N_9_10_E_source:kolossus-svwiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">9°10′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.467°N 9.167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.467; 9.167</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Client_states_of_the_French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars_(1792–1815)" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Client_states_of_the_French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template:Client states of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Client_states_of_the_French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template talk:Client states of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Client_states_of_the_French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Client states of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Client_states_of_the_French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars_(1792–1815)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_client_states" title="List of French client states">Client states</a> of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a> (1792–1815)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sister_republic" title="Sister republic">Sister<br />republics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Mainz" title="Republic of Mainz">Mainz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republic_(1798)" title="Irish Republic (1798)">Connacht</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Alba" title="Republic of Alba">Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anconine_Republic" title="Anconine Republic">Ancona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bergamo" title="Republic of Bergamo">Bergamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolognese_Republic" title="Bolognese Republic">Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Brescia" title="Republic of Brescia">Brescia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cisalpinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cispadane_Republic" title="Cispadane Republic">Cispadania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crema" title="Republic of Crema">Crema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Republic" title="Ligurian Republic">Liguria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Lucca" title="Republic of Lucca">Lucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenopean_Republic" title="Parthenopean Republic">Parthenopea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piedmontese_Republic" title="Piedmontese Republic">Piedmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic_(18th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Republic (18th century)">Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subalpine_Republic" title="Subalpine Republic">Subalpinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberina_Republic" title="Tiberina Republic">Tiberinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transpadane_Republic" title="Transpadane Republic">Transpadania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Municipality_of_Venice" title="Provisional Municipality of Venice">Venice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batavian_Republic" title="Batavian Republic">Batavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helvetic_Republic" title="Helvetic Republic">Helvetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_L%C3%A9man" title="Canton of Léman">Lemania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rauracian_Republic" title="Rauracian Republic">Rauracia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valais_Republic" title="Valais Republic">Valais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland_in_the_Napoleonic_era#Act_of_Mediation" title="Switzerland in the Napoleonic era">Swiss Confederation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:First_French_Empire_1812.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map of Europe as at 1812, highlighting France and her client states" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/First_French_Empire_1812.svg/200px-First_French_Empire_1812.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/First_French_Empire_1812.svg/300px-First_French_Empire_1812.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/First_French_Empire_1812.svg/400px-First_French_Empire_1812.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="456" /></a></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">Europe at the height of Napoleon's Empire</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleonic</a><br />creations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Aschaffenburg" title="Principality of Aschaffenburg">Aschaffenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Confederation of the Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Baden" title="Grand Duchy of Baden">Baden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Berg" title="Grand Duchy of Berg">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Erfurt" title="Principality of Erfurt">Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Frankfurt" title="Grand Duchy of Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Hesse" title="Grand Duchy of Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Leyen" title="Principality of Leyen">Leyen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Regensburg" title="Principality of Regensburg">Regensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Salm" title="Principality of Salm">Salm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salm-Horstmar" title="Salm-Horstmar">Salm-Horstmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck" title="Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck">Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetzlar" title="Wetzlar">Wetzlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Grand Duchy of Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Etruria" title="Kingdom of Etruria">Etruria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Lucca_and_Piombino" title="Principality of Lucca and Piombino">Lucca and Piombino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Massa_and_Carrara" title="Duchy of Massa and Carrara">Massa and Carrara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Naples (Napoleonic)">Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Pontecorvo" title="Principality of Pontecorvo">Pontecorvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Benevento" title="Principality of Benevento">Benevento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Tuscany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_campaign_of_1798" title="Mediterranean campaign of 1798">Mediterranean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_occupation_of_Malta" title="French occupation of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt_(Napoleonic_era)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egypt (Napoleonic era)">Egypt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Holland" title="Kingdom of Holland">Holland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Warsaw" title="Duchy of Warsaw">Warsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_City_of_Danzig_(Napoleonic)" title="Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic)">Danzig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Spain_under_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Spain under Joseph Bonaparte">Spain</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213353#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213353#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213353#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/173220164">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4482801-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007555264005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/006621">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&oldid=1253502074">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&oldid=1253502074</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cisalpine_Republic" title="Category:Cisalpine Republic">Cisalpine Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Early_modern_history_of_Italy" title="Category:Early modern history of Italy">Early modern history of Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_states" title="Category:Italian states">Italian states</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_republics" title="Category:Former republics">Former republics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_unification" title="Category:Italian unification">Italian unification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1797_in_Italy" title="Category:1797 in Italy">1797 in Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1790s_in_Italy" title="Category:1790s in Italy">1790s in Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1800s_in_Italy" title="Category:1800s in Italy">1800s in Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1802_in_Italy" title="Category:1802 in Italy">1802 in Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1797" title="Category:States and territories established in 1797">States and territories established in 1797</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_1802" title="Category:States and territories disestablished in 1802">States and territories disestablished in 1802</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Client_states_of_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Category:Client states of the Napoleonic Wars">Client states of the Napoleonic Wars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1802_disestablishments_in_Italy" title="Category:1802 disestablishments in Italy">1802 disestablishments in Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1797_establishments_in_Italy" title="Category:1797 establishments in Italy">1797 establishments in Italy</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_July_2022" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2022">Articles needing additional references from July 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Italian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Italian-language text">Articles containing Italian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_country_or_infobox_former_country_with_the_symbol_caption_or_type_parameters" title="Category:Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters">Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Lombard-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Lombard-language text">Articles containing Lombard-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:Articles with Italian-language sources (it)">Articles with Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 October 2024, at 09:37<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cisalpine_Republic&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-rp9p7","wgBackendResponseTime":133,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.763","walltime":"0.963","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4210,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":95284,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":9048,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":28574,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 864.020 1 -total"," 49.71% 429.502 1 Template:Infobox_country"," 15.03% 129.905 1 Template:Client_states_of_the_Great_French_War"," 15.02% 129.742 3 Template:Military_navigation"," 14.96% 129.218 1 Template:Native_name"," 10.49% 90.676 1 Template:Short_description"," 9.86% 85.228 1 Template:ISO_3166_code"," 8.59% 74.197 1 Template:More_sources"," 7.83% 67.630 1 Template:Ambox"," 5.31% 45.910 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.516","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16617717,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-849f99967d-pz2cs","timestamp":"20241122215734","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Cisalpine Republic","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cisalpine_Republic","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q213353","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q213353","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-10-30T00:41:03Z","dateModified":"2024-10-26T09:37:20Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/6a\/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg","headline":"French client republic in Northern Italy (1797-1802)"}</script> </body> </html>