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class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ŝtata monopolo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 19 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t_inhisar%C4%B1" title="Dövlət inhisarı — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dövlət inhisarı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoli_p%C3%BAblic" title="Monopoli públic — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Monopoli públic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staatsmonopol" title="Staatsmonopol — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Staatsmonopol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_monopoly" title="State monopoly — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="State monopoly" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopolio_p%C3%BAblico" title="Monopolio público — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monopolio público" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valtion_monopoli" title="Valtion monopoli — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valtion monopoli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopole_public" title="Monopole public — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Monopole public" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%99" title="מונופול ממשלתי — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מונופול ממשלתי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoli_negara" title="Monopoli negara — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Monopoli negara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopolio_di_Stato" title="Monopolio di Stato — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monopolio di Stato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%82%E5%A3%B2%E5%88%B6" title="専売制 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="専売制" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80%EB%8F%85%EC%A0%90" title="국가독점 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국가독점" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Государственная монополия — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Государственная монополия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="அரசதனியுரிமை — tamila" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரசதனியுரிமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devlet_tekeli" title="Devlet tekeli — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Devlet tekeli" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Державна монополія — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Державна монополія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davlat_monopoliyasi" title="Davlat monopoliyasi — uzbeka" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Davlat monopoliyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99c_quy%E1%BB%81n_c%E1%BB%A7a_ch%C3%ADnh_ph%E1%BB%A7" title="Độc quyền của chính phủ — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Độc quyền của chính phủ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E8%B3%A3" title="專賣 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="專賣" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2634516#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ctata_monopolo" title="Vidi la artikolon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikolo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuto:%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskuto pri la artikolo (paĝo ne ekzistas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝanĝi lingvan varianton" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Esperanto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vidoj"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ctata_monopolo"><span>Legi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&veaction=edit" title="Redakti ĉi tiun paĝon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redakti</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=edit" title="Redakti fontan kodon de tiu ĉi paĝo [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redakti fonton</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=history" title="Antaŭaj versioj de ĉi tiu paĝo. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vidi historion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Iloj" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Iloj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Iloj</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Pliaj opcioj" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Agoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ctata_monopolo"><span>Legi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&veaction=edit" title="Redakti ĉi tiun paĝon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redakti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=edit" title="Redakti fontan kodon de tiu ĉi paĝo [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redakti fonton</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=history"><span>Vidi historion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ĝenerale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kio_ligas_%C4%89i_tien%3F/%C5%9Ctata_monopolo" title="Listo de ĉiuj vikiaj paĝoj kiuj ligas ĉi tien [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ligiloj ĉi tien</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Rilataj_%C5%9Dan%C4%9Doj/%C5%9Ctata_monopolo" rel="nofollow" title="Lastaj ŝanĝoj en paĝoj kiuj ligas al ĉi tiu paĝo [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Rilataj ŝanĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eo" title="Alŝuti dosierojn [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Alŝuti dosieron</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Specialaj_pa%C4%9Doj" title="Listo de ĉiuj specialaj paĝoj [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialaj paĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&oldid=8926853" title="Porĉiama ligilo al ĉi versio de la paĝo"><span>Konstanta ligilo</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=info" title="Pli da informo pri ĉi tiu paĝo"><span>Informoj pri la paĝo</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Citi&page=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&id=8926853&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informoj pri kiel citi ĉi tiun paĝon"><span>Citi ĉi tiun artikolon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C5%259Ctata_monopolo"><span>Akiri mallongigitan URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C5%259Ctata_monopolo"><span>Elŝutu QR-kodon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Presi/elporti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%C5%9Ctata+monopolo"><span>Krei libron</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:DownloadAsPdf&page=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=show-download-screen"><span>Elŝuti kiel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&printable=yes" title="Presebla versio de tiu ĉi paĝo [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Presebla versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En aliaj projektoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2634516" title="Ligilo al konektita datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspekto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">El Vikipedio, la libera enciklopedio</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><p>En <a href="/wiki/Ekonomiko" title="Ekonomiko">ekonomiko</a>, <b>ŝtata</b> (ankaŭ foje nomata <b>registara</b> aŭ <b>publika</b>) <b>monopolo</b> estas formo de truda <a href="/wiki/Monopolo" title="Monopolo">monopolo</a> en kiu <a href="/wiki/Registaro" title="Registaro">registara</a> <a href="/wiki/Agentejo" title="Agentejo">agentejo</a> aŭ <a href="/wiki/Publika_kompanio" title="Publika kompanio">publika kompanio</a> estas la ununura provizanto de aparta <a href="/wiki/Produkto_(ekonomio)" title="Produkto (ekonomio)">produkto</a> aŭ <a href="/wiki/Servo" title="Servo">servo</a>. Ĝi estas monopolo kreita, administrita kaj foje ankaŭ funkciigita de la registaro kaj ebligita de speciala leĝo malpermesanta <a href="/wiki/Konkurenco" title="Konkurenco">konkurencon</a> <sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Registara <a href="/wiki/Monopolo" title="Monopolo">monopolo</a> povas funkcii de ajna nivelo de registaro— supernacia (kiel en <a href="/wiki/Doganunio" title="Doganunio">doganunio</a> <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) ŝtata, regiona, loka; la termino stata monopolo kutime signifas registaran monopolon administrita fare de la nacia registaro <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teorio">Teorio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Teorio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Teorio"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Estas tri ĉefaj kialoj kial la <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ctato" title="Ŝtato">ŝtato</a> efektivigas ĉi tiun tipon de merkato: </p> <ul><li>la ŝtato respondecas pri provizado de specifa bono aŭ specifa servo en sektoro esenca por la civitano en kiu privataj kompanioj ne havas eblon enspezi;</li> <li>la ŝtato respondecas pri disponigado de specifa bono aŭ specifa servo en sektoro esenca por la civitano en kiu firmaoj povus krei fortan <a href="/wiki/Spekulado" title="Spekulado">spekulado</a>n;</li> <li>la ŝtato trudas monopolon sur konsumaĵo malfacile anstataŭebla aŭ havas malmultajn alternativojn por pliigi sian impostan enspezon, ekzemple, dum tra la historio en multaj regnoj, <a href="/wiki/Salo" title="Salo">salo</a> kaj ankoraŭ en multaj landoj <a href="/wiki/Tabako" title="Tabako">tabako</a>.</li></ul> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Prezo" title="Prezo">prezo</a> de bono aŭ servo povas ŝanĝiĝi, de civitano al civitano, surbaze de subsidiarecaj kriterioj por malpli bonhavaj homoj; tial, kun malsamaj prezoj bazitaj sur enspezo, t.e. ĝi povas konsistigi reguligita prezo kiu estas la sama por ĉiuj. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekzemploj">Ekzemploj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Ekzemploj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Ekzemploj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En multaj landoj, la <a href="/wiki/Po%C5%9Dto" title="Poŝto">poŝtosistemo</a> estas administrata de la ŝtato kaj konkurenco estas malpermesita per leĝo en kelkaj aŭ ĉiuj servoj. En <a href="/wiki/Skandinaviaj_landoj" class="mw-redirect" title="Skandinaviaj landoj">skandinavaj landoj</a>, iuj varoj konsiderataj malutilaj al la <a href="/wiki/Socia_bonfarto" title="Socia bonfarto">socia bonfarto</a> estas distribuitaj (kaj tiel kontrolitaj) per ŝtata monopolo. Aparte, en <a href="/wiki/Finnlando" title="Finnlando">Finnlando</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islando" title="Islando">Islando</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norvegio" title="Norvegio">Norvegio</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Svedio" title="Svedio">Svedio</a>, publikaj kompanioj havas monopolojn por la vendo de <a href="/wiki/Alkohola%C4%B5o" title="Alkoholaĵo">alkoholaĵoj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazino" title="Kazino">kazinoj</a> kaj aliaj <a href="/wiki/Hazardludo" title="Hazardludo">hazardlud</a>- institucioj, kiel la <a href="/wiki/Loterio" title="Loterio">loterio</a>, ankaŭ kutime estas monopoligitaj. </p><p>Same, <a href="/wiki/Sociala_sekureco" title="Sociala sekureco">socialasekuraj sistemoj</a>, kie la registaro kontrolas la industrion kaj specife malpermesas konkurecon, kiel en <a href="/wiki/Kanado" title="Kanado">Kanado</a>, estas ŝtataj monopoloj. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=edit&section=3" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Vidu ankaŭ"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ctatigo" title="Ŝtatigo">Ŝtatigo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ctata_monopolo&action=edit&section=4" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Referencoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:02-1"><a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFScognamiglioCaroli1992">Scognamiglio, Carlo; Caroli, Matteo (1992), Baldassarri, Mario, ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12818-1_9">"Public Monopolies"</a> (in en), <i>Oligopoly and Dynamic Competition: Firm, Market and Economic System</i> (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK): pp. 249–278, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-349-12818-1_9">10.1007/978-1-349-12818-1_9</a>, <small>(<a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/9781349128181" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-349-12818-1</a>)</small><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12818-1_9">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12818-1_9</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved 2023-04-22</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Public+Monopolies&rft.jtitle=Oligopoly+and+Dynamic+Competition%3A+Firm%2C+Market+and+Economic+System&rft.aulast=Scognamiglio&rft.aufirst=Carlo&rft.au=Scognamiglio%2C%26%2332%3BCarlo&rft.au=Caroli%2C%26%2332%3BMatteo&rft.date=1992&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B249%E2%80%93278&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan+UK&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2F978-1-349-12818-1_9&rft.isbn=978-1-349-12818-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-1-349-12818-1_9&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%C5%9Ctata_monopolo"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFGordon1994">Gordon, Richard L. (1994), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2620-9_10">"Problems of Environmental Impacts and Regulating Business Practices"</a>, <i>Regulation and Economic Analysis</i> (Boston, MA: Springer US): pp. 129–147, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4615-2620-9_10">10.1007/978-1-4615-2620-9_10</a>, <small>(<a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/9781461361237" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4613-6123-7</a>)</small><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2620-9_10">http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2620-9_10</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved 2022-05-02</span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Problems+of+Environmental+Impacts+and+Regulating+Business+Practices&rft.jtitle=Regulation+and+Economic+Analysis&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Richard+L.&rft.au=Gordon%2C%26%2332%3BRichard+L.&rft.date=1994&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B129%E2%80%93147&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.pub=Springer+US&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2F978-1-4615-2620-9_10&rft.isbn=978-1-4613-6123-7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4615-2620-9_10&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%C5%9Ctata_monopolo"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="libro" style="font-style:normal;"> (2007) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomsburycollections.com/book/the-regulation-of-the-state-in-competitive-markets-in-the-eu">The Regulation of the State in Competitive Markets in the EU</a></i>. Hart Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Cifereca_objekta_identigilo" title="Cifereca objekta identigilo">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472560124.ch-004">10.5040/9781472560124.ch-004</a>. <a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/9781841134970" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-84113-497-0</a>.</cite> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, Arturo; Steven M. Sheffrin (2022). <i>Economics: Principles in action</i>. Paramus, NJ: Savvas Learning Company. p.  159. <small><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0130630853" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-13-063085-3</a></small>. Arkivita el la originalo la 20-an de decembro 2016 . Prenite la 5an de julio 2010.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Norma_datumaro" title="Norma datumaro">Bibliotekoj</a> </td> <td class="plainlinks hlist" style="font-size: 80%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helpo:Bibliotekoj" title="Helpo:Bibliotekoj">PeEnEo</a>: <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/?curid=840117">840117</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kontrolnumero_de_la_Kongresa_Biblioteko_de_Usono" title="Kontrolnumero de la Kongresa Biblioteko de Usono">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/sh85056085">sh85056085</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Elŝutita el "<a dir="ltr" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ŝtata_monopolo&oldid=8926853">https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ŝtata_monopolo&oldid=8926853</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kategorioj" title="Specialaĵo:Kategorioj">Kategorioj</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Fiska_politiko" title="Kategorio:Fiska politiko">Fiska politiko</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Monopolo" title="Kategorio:Monopolo">Monopolo</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kaŝitaj kategorioj: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kun_eksmodaj_cit%C5%9Dablonoj" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kun eksmodaj citŝablonoj">Paĝoj kun eksmodaj citŝablonoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kiuj_uzas_ISBNajn_magiajn_ligilojn" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kiuj uzas ISBNajn magiajn ligilojn">Paĝoj kiuj uzas ISBNajn magiajn ligilojn</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ĉi tiu paĝo estis lastafoje redaktita je 19:38, 20 nov. 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">La teksto disponeblas laŭ la permesilo <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo">Krea Komunaĵo Atribuite-Samkondiĉe 4.0 Neadaptita</a>; eble aldonaj kondiĉoj aplikeblas. 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