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<span>Procedure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Procedure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penalties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penalties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Penalties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penalties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kickoff_into_end_zone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kickoff_into_end_zone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kickoff into end zone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kickoff_into_end_zone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Return" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Return"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kickoff (gridiron football)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickoff_(American_Football)" title="Kickoff (American Football) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kickoff (American Football)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patada_inicial" title="Patada inicial – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Patada inicial" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickoff" title="Kickoff – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kickoff" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickoff_(football_americano)" title="Kickoff (football americano) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kickoff (football americano)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickoff" title="Kickoff – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kickoff" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickoff_(futebol_americano)" title="Kickoff (futebol americano) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kickoff (futebol americano)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BA-%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%84_(%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%84%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB)" title="Кик-офф (американский футбол) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кик-офф (американский футбол)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86_(%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="Почетни ударац (амерички фудбал) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Почетни ударац (амерички фудбал)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickoff_(Amerikan_futbolu)" title="Kickoff (Amerikan futbolu) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kickoff (Amerikan futbolu)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1740847#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Penn_State_kickoff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Penn_State_kickoff.jpg/240px-Penn_State_kickoff.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Penn_State_kickoff.jpg/360px-Penn_State_kickoff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Penn_State_kickoff.jpg/480px-Penn_State_kickoff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2588" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Kelly_(placekicker)" title="Kevin Kelly (placekicker)">Kevin Kelly</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2007_Penn_State_Nittany_Lions_football_team" title="2007 Penn State Nittany Lions football team">2007 Penn State Nittany Lions football team</a> kicks the ball off after scoring a touchdown in their season opening game</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>kickoff</b> is a method of starting a <a href="/wiki/Drive_(American_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drive (American football)">drive</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gridiron_football" title="Gridiron football">gridiron football</a>. Additionally, it may refer to a <b>kickoff time</b>, the scheduled time of the first kickoff of a game. Typically, a kickoff consists of one team – the "kicking team" – kicking the ball to the opposing team – the "receiving team". The receiving team is then entitled to <i>return</i> the ball, i.e., attempt to advance it towards the kicking team's end zone, until the player with the ball is <a href="/wiki/Tackle_(football_move)" title="Tackle (football move)">tackled</a> by the kicking team, goes <a href="/wiki/Out_of_bounds" title="Out of bounds">out of bounds</a>, scores a <a href="/wiki/Touchdown" title="Touchdown">touchdown</a>, or the play is otherwise ruled dead. Kickoffs take place at the start of each half of play, the beginning of <a href="/wiki/Overtime_(sports)#American_and_Canadian_football" title="Overtime (sports)">overtime</a> in some overtime formats, and after scoring plays. </p><p>Common variants on the typical kickoff format include the <a href="/wiki/Onside_kick" title="Onside kick">onside kick</a>, in which the kicking team attempts to regain possession of the ball; a <a href="/wiki/Touchback" title="Touchback">touchback</a>, which may occur if the ball is kicked into the receiving team's <a href="/wiki/End_zone" title="End zone">end zone</a>; or a <a href="/wiki/Fair_catch" title="Fair catch">fair catch</a>, in which a player on the receiving team asks to catch the ball without interference from the kicking team, waiving his entitlement to attempt a return rush. Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Penalty_(American_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Penalty (American football)">penalties</a> exist for various infractions such as a player violating his position restrictions prior to the kick (5-yard penalty), or if the ball goes out of bounds before touching a player (25 yards past the spot of the kick or placed at the spot the ball left the field of play, whichever is more advantageous to the receiving team). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Award">Award</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Award"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Second_half_kickoff,_2010_ACC_Championship_Game.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Second_half_kickoff%2C_2010_ACC_Championship_Game.JPG/220px-Second_half_kickoff%2C_2010_ACC_Championship_Game.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Second_half_kickoff%2C_2010_ACC_Championship_Game.JPG/330px-Second_half_kickoff%2C_2010_ACC_Championship_Game.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Second_half_kickoff%2C_2010_ACC_Championship_Game.JPG/440px-Second_half_kickoff%2C_2010_ACC_Championship_Game.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>End zone view of a kickoff about to occur. The <a href="/wiki/Florida_State_Seminoles_football" title="Florida State Seminoles football">Florida State Seminoles</a>, in garnet jerseys, at the far side of the field are about to kick to the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Tech_Hokies_football" title="Virginia Tech Hokies football">Virginia Tech Hokies</a> in white jerseys, in the foreground.</figcaption></figure> <p>A kickoff occurs at the start of each half and before the first <a href="/wiki/Overtime_(sports)" title="Overtime (sports)">overtime</a> (in the National and Arena Football Leagues). It is also traditionally decided by a coin toss at the beginning of each game carried out by the <a href="/wiki/Official_(American_football)#Referee" class="mw-redirect" title="Official (American football)">referee</a>. The visiting team captain calls either heads or tails. The winner of the coin toss elects whether to take first choice in the first half or the second half. The captain with first choice then picks either a team to kick off or an end of the field to defend. The other captain chooses the remaining option. At the beginning of the second half, the two captains choose in the reverse order. If an overtime is required, another coin toss takes place to decide who gets first possession during the overtime. After a <a href="/wiki/Touchdown" title="Touchdown">touchdown</a> the scoring team kicks the ball off to the opposing team. In American football a <a href="/wiki/Field_goal_(football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Field goal (football)">field goal</a> also results in a kickoff by the scoring team, but in Canadian football the scored-against team has an option of scrimmaging from their 35-yard line or receiving a kickoff. An exception to the Canadian rule applies in <a href="/wiki/U_Sports_football" title="U Sports football">U Sports</a> competition; if a team scores a field goal on a play that began after the <a href="/wiki/Three-minute_warning" title="Three-minute warning">three-minute warning</a> in the fourth quarter, a kickoff is mandatory, with the scoring team kicking off from the standard position of its own 45-yard line.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a <a href="/wiki/Safety_(American_football_score)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safety (American football score)">safety</a> in Canadian football, the scored-against kicks off. In American football, a kickoff is an option, but most teams choose to punt the ball on the <a href="/wiki/Free_kick" title="Free kick">free kick</a>; the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>, in contrast to most other leagues, prohibits the use of a kicking tee on a safety free kick. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Procedure">Procedure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Procedure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dallas_Cowboys_kicking_off.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Dallas_Cowboys_kicking_off.jpg/200px-Dallas_Cowboys_kicking_off.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Dallas_Cowboys_kicking_off.jpg/300px-Dallas_Cowboys_kicking_off.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Dallas_Cowboys_kicking_off.jpg/400px-Dallas_Cowboys_kicking_off.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1856" data-file-height="2179" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Cowboys" title="Dallas Cowboys">Dallas Cowboys</a> kick-off during an NFL game. This picture was taken when the NFL kicked off from the 30-yard line, as it did from 1994 to 2010.</figcaption></figure> <p>The line where the ball is placed for kickoff varies among the rule books. It is placed on the kicking team's 20-yard line in the <a href="/wiki/United_Football_League_(2024)" title="United Football League (2024)">current UFL</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (inherited from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Football_League_(2022)" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Football League (2022)">second USFL</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 30-yard line in <a href="/wiki/Six-man_football" title="Six-man football">six-man football</a> and the now-defunct <a href="/wiki/XFL_(2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="XFL (2020)">second XFL</a>, 35-yard line in college and the NFL, 40-yard line in American high school football,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the 45-yard line in amateur <a href="/wiki/Canadian_football" title="Canadian football">Canadian football</a>, and the goal line in <a href="/wiki/Indoor_American_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Indoor American football">indoor and arena football</a>. For the 2016 season only, the <a href="/wiki/Ivy_League" title="Ivy League">Ivy League</a> placed the ball on the 40-yard line in conference games.<sup id="cite_ref-Ivy_2016_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ivy_2016-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All players on the kicking team except the kicker (and, if used, a <a href="/wiki/Holder_(American_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Holder (American football)">holder</a>) must not cross the line at which the ball is placed until the ball is kicked. The receiving team must stay behind the line that is 10 yards from where the ball is placed. The ball can be fielded by the receiving team at any point after it has been kicked, or by the kicking team after it has traveled 10 yards or has been touched by a member of the receiving team. In American football (but not Canadian) <a href="/wiki/Touchback" title="Touchback">touchback</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fair_catch" title="Fair catch">fair catch</a> rules apply to the kicked ball. If it is fielded by the kicking team, it is called an <a href="/wiki/Onside_kick" title="Onside kick">onside kick</a>. A low, bouncing kick is called a <a href="/wiki/Squib_kick" title="Squib kick">squib kick</a>. Although a squib kick typically gives the receiving team better field position than they would if a normal kick had been used, a squib kick is sometimes used to avoid giving up a long return, as well as use up a valuable amount of time on the clock, as it is impossible to <a href="/wiki/Fair_catch" title="Fair catch">fair catch</a> such a kick. It is usually done when a team takes the lead in the final seconds, and is done to safely run out the remainder of the clock. Squib kicking with more than 20 seconds remaining has had unfortunate results (a <a href="/wiki/Line_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Line drive">line drive</a> kick is more common when there are 20 to 50 seconds remaining; the typical hurry-up offense drive takes over a minute), but has been done by some teams. </p><p>The second XFL used a unique kickoff procedure. Kickoffs took place from the kicking team's 30-yard line, as opposed to the 35-yard line in the NFL. The positioning of players was dramatically different from that in any previous outdoor football league. All players on both teams, except the kicker and a single returner, were required to line up directly across from each other, with the kicking team on the receiving team's 35 and the receiving team on its own 30. On each side of the ball, each team had to have at least two players lined up between the outside of the yard markers and the sideline, and at least two players between the inside of the yard marker and the hashmarks. All players except the kicker and returner had to remain stationary, with both feet on the ground and at least one on the team's appropriate yard line, until the returner caught the ball, or the ball was on the ground for 3 seconds. Touchbacks were spotted at the receiving team's 35-yard line. The XFL also had severe penalties for kicks that went out of bounds, or fell short of the receiving team's 20-yard line. Onside kicks were allowed, using more conventional outdoor football rules, but the referee had to be informed before such a kick could be attempted.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, the NFL adopted a new kickoff procedure very similar to that used by the second XFL. The kickoff point remains at the kicking team's 35-yard line, but all players on the kicking team apart from the kicker line up at the receiving team's 40. At least nine members of the receiving team must line up in a "setup zone" between their own 30- and 35-yard lines, and one or two returners are allowed in the "landing zone" between the goal line and the 20. In a slight variation from the XFL procedure, all players except the kicker and returners are prohibited from moving before the ball hits the ground or touches a player within the landing zone. Touchbacks are spotted at the receiving team's 30, and fair catches are prohibited. Onside kicks, using the traditional formation, are allowed only in the fourth quarter and in overtime, but the kicking team must inform the game officials of its intent to do so. This change was adopted for the 2024 season only, allowing for possible tweaks over time.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penalties">Penalties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Penalties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jason_Hanson_kickoff_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Jason_Hanson_kickoff_cropped.jpg/220px-Jason_Hanson_kickoff_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Jason_Hanson_kickoff_cropped.jpg/330px-Jason_Hanson_kickoff_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Jason_Hanson_kickoff_cropped.jpg/440px-Jason_Hanson_kickoff_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="878" data-file-height="702" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jason_Hanson" title="Jason Hanson">Jason Hanson</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Lions" title="Detroit Lions">Detroit Lions</a> kicks off against the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Vikings" title="Minnesota Vikings">Minnesota Vikings</a> in 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>If a receiving player crosses his restraining line before the kick, the ball is to be advanced 5 yards, then re-kicked. If a kicking team player crosses the line at which the ball is placed before it is kicked, the receiving team has the option either to have the kicking team re-kick from 5 yards farther back, or have 5 yards added on to the end of the return. In high school football, the receiving team only has the option to make the kicking team re-kick. </p><p>If the ball goes out of bounds without being touched by a player, the receiving team can choose either to have the ball moved back 5 yards and re-kicked, to take the ball 25 yards (30 yards under NCAA rules; 25 yards under National Federation high school rules) past the spot of the kick (usually at their own 35-yard line), or to take the ball where it went out of bounds. On an onside kick, if the ball does not travel ten yards before the kicking team recovers the ball, they will take a 5-yard penalty and have the chance to kick another onside kick. If the onside kick goes less than 10 yards again, the receiving team will receive the ball at the spot the kicking team recovered it. However, if the receiving team touches the ball before it goes 10 yards, either team can recover it unpenalized. </p><p>The XFL had distinctive penalties for kicks that went out of bounds, failed to reach the receiving team's 20-yard line in flight, or returned behind the 20 after touching the ground past it. For a kick that went out of bounds, the receiving team could take possession either at the spot where the ball went out of bounds, or at the kicking team's 45-yard line. On kicks that failed to reach the 20, or return to the area between the 20 and the kicking team, the ball was immediately whistled dead and the receiving team received possession at the kicking team's 45. The USFL had a similarly severe penalty for kicks that go out of bounds; the receiving team could take possession at the spot where the ball went out of bounds, or at the 50-yard line. The current UFL adopted the USFL's penalty rule. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kickoff_into_end_zone">Kickoff into end zone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kickoff into end zone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kickoffs entering the end zone are handled differently in American and Canadian rules. In American college and professional games, as well as Texas high school football, if the ball goes out of bounds in the receiving team's end zone or is recovered and downed in the receiving team's end zone without advancing past it, the ball is placed at the receiving team's 25-yard line, and possession is given to the receiving team; these are known as <a href="/wiki/Touchback" title="Touchback">touchbacks</a>. High school football (apart from Texas) immediately rules the ball dead when the ball crosses the goal line; the ball cannot be returned from the end zone, nor can it be recovered there for a touchdown. NFL immediately rules the ball dead, when the ball touches the ground in the endzone, if not been touched by the receivers before. In the Canadian game if the ball goes into the end zone and then out of bounds without being touched, the receiving team scrimmages from the 25-yard line (no points are scored). If the receiving team gains possession of a kickoff in its own end zone and then fails to return it into the field of play, the kicking team scores <a href="/wiki/Single_(football)" title="Single (football)">one point</a>, and the receiving team scrimmages from the 35-yard line. If the kicking team gains possession in the end zone, they score a touchdown. Various forms of indoor football also recognize the single, but the ball must not only cross the end zone but pass through the uprights (as in a <a href="/wiki/Field_goal_(American_and_Canadian_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Field goal (American and Canadian football)">field goal</a>) as well. If the kicking team recovers its own kickoff in the end zone in any version of the game (something that, as previously mentioned, is impossible in high school football outside of Texas), it scores a touchdown. </p><p>Kickoffs into the end zone resulting in touchbacks became much more common in the NFL in 2011 as a result of a rule change. Whereas the kicking team previously kicked the ball off from their 30-yard line, the NFL moved the spot of the kickoff up 5 yards before the 2011 season in an attempt to avoid injuries from high-speed collisions. Only 16 percent of kickoffs in the 2010 season were touchbacks, but that jumped to almost 44 percent after the rule change.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 2024 season, corresponding with the NFL's dramatic change to kickoff procedures, touchbacks on kickoffs will be spotted at the receiving team's 30-yard line. </p><p>In the second XFL, the standard spot for a touchback was the receiving team's 35-yard line. However, if a kickoff or free kick after a safety first bounced outside the end zone and was then downed by the receiving team in its end zone, the ball was spotted on the receiving team's 15 instead of the 35.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return">Return</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Return"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/220px--Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="32" data-mwtitle="Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm/Kickoff_Baker_v_Benedictine_2014.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>A video of a kickoff and return, played between the <a href="/wiki/Baker_Wildcats" title="Baker Wildcats">Baker Wildcats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benedictine_Ravens" title="Benedictine Ravens">Benedictine Ravens</a> at <a href="/wiki/Arrowhead_Stadium" title="Arrowhead Stadium">Arrowhead Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a> in 2014.</figcaption></figure> <p>Under standard rules (i.e., those in leagues other than the NFL), to receive a kickoff and set up a kickoff return, the receiving team sets up its players starting from 10 yards back from the point the ball is kicked from. There are usually one or two players positioned deep (around the goal line) that will attempt to catch or pick up the ball after it is kicked off by the opposing team's <a href="/wiki/Kicker_(American_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kicker (American football)">kicker</a>. They will then attempt to carry the ball as far as possible upfield, without being tackled or running out of bounds. The other players are to block the kickoff team from getting to their <a href="/wiki/Kickoff_returner" class="mw-redirect" title="Kickoff returner">kickoff returner</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternatives">Alternatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Alternatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In certain leagues consisting of younger players, and in the short-lived professional <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_American_Football" title="Alliance of American Football">Alliance of American Football</a>, there are no kickoffs. Teams are automatically awarded the ball at a certain spot on the field. In the AAF, this spot was the 25-yard line of the team receiving possession.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Punt_(gridiron_football)" title="Punt (gridiron football)">Punt</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nfl.com/features/rulebook">NFL rulebook online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://operations.nfl.com/the-rules/2018-nfl-rulebook/#rule-6.-free-kicks">NFL Rules concerning Free Kicks (Kickoffs and Safety Kicks)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151129105055/http://www.cfl.ca/uploads/assets/CFL/PDF_Docs/CFL_Rulebook_2009.pdf">CFL Rulebook</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Although the two main governing bodies for Texas high school sports, the <a href="/wiki/University_Interscholastic_League" title="University Interscholastic League">University Interscholastic League</a> (mainly public schools) and the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Association_of_Private_and_Parochial_Schools" title="Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools">Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools</a>, base their football tules on the NCAA set, both bodies use the 40-yard line as their kickoff spot.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kickoff_(gridiron_football)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usports.ca/uploads/hq/Playing_Regs/2021-22/EN/210901_Playing_Regulations_Football_ENG_FINAL.pdf">"Regulation 11.16"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>U Sports Football Playing Regulations, 2021–2022 Season</i>. U Sports. September 2021. p. 9<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESPN.com&rft.atitle=UFL+to+keep+traditional+kickoff+among+inaugural+season+rules&rft.date=2024-02-13&rft.aulast=Seifert&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fxfl%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F39517936%2Fufl-keep-traditional-kickoff-inaugural-season-rules&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKickoff+%28gridiron+football%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxsports.com/stories/usfl/usfl-adds-new-rules-for-2023-brings-back-popular-innovations-from-last-season">"USFL adds new rules for 2023, brings back popular innovations from last season"</a>. <i>Fox Sports</i>. 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href="/wiki/Template:Gridiron_football_plays" title="Template:Gridiron football plays"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gridiron_football_plays" title="Template talk:Gridiron football plays"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gridiron_football_plays" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gridiron football plays"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gridiron_football_plays" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gridiron_football" title="Gridiron football">Gridiron football</a> <a href="/wiki/American_football_plays" title="American football plays">plays</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Play_from_scrimmage" title="Play from scrimmage">Play from scrimmage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Play_calling_system" title="Play calling system">Play calling system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offense</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rush_(gridiron_football)" title="Rush (gridiron football)">Rush</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quarterback_keeper" title="Quarterback keeper">Keeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bootleg_play" title="Bootleg play">Bootleg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarterback_sneak" title="Quarterback sneak">Sneak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dive_(American_football)" title="Dive (American football)">Dive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_run" title="Power run">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_run" title="Counter run">Counter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-tackle_run" title="Off-tackle run">Off-tackle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End_run" title="End run">End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Option_offense" title="Option offense">Option</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweep_(American_football)" title="Sweep (American football)">Sweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toss_play" title="Toss play">Toss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trap_run" title="Trap run">Trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer" title="Veer">Veer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_run" title="Zone run">Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draw_play" title="Draw play">Draw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forward_pass" title="Forward pass">Forward pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incomplete_pass" title="Incomplete pass">Incomplete</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spike_(gridiron_football)" title="Spike (gridiron football)">Spike</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Play-action_pass" title="Play-action pass">Play-action pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_pass" title="Lateral pass">Lateral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checkdown" title="Checkdown">Checkdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screen_pass" title="Screen pass">Screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop-back_pass" title="Drop-back pass">Drop-back</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Mary_pass" title="Hail Mary pass">Hail Mary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hail_Mary_passes" title="List of Hail Mary passes">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alley-oop_(American_football)" title="Alley-oop (American football)">Alley-oop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defense</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Man-to-man_defense" title="Man-to-man defense">Man-to-man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_defense_in_American_football" title="Zone defense in American football">Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blitz_(American_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blitz (American football)">Blitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_blitz" title="Zone blitz">Zone blitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Touchback" title="Touchback">Touchback</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kickoff</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Return">Kickoff return</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punt_(gridiron_football)" title="Punt (gridiron football)">Punt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punt_(gridiron_football)#Return" title="Punt (gridiron football)">Punt return</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop_kick" title="Drop kick">Drop kick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_kick" title="Place kick">Place kick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_catch" title="Fair catch">Fair catch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_catch_kick" title="Fair catch kick">Fair catch kick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onside_kick" title="Onside kick">Onside kick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squib_kick" title="Squib kick">Squib kick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trick_play" title="Trick play">Trick play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_kick" title="Quick kick">Quick kick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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